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Hodonsky CJ, Turner AW, Khan MD, Barrientos NB, Methorst R, Ma L, Lopez NG, Mosquera JV, Auguste G, Farber E, Ma WF, Wong D, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, van der Laan SW, Leeper NJ, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JLM, Miller CL. Multi-ancestry genetic analysis of gene regulation in coronary arteries prioritizes disease risk loci. Cell Genom 2024; 4:100465. [PMID: 38190101 PMCID: PMC10794848 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of risk loci for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, non-European populations are underrepresented in GWASs, and the causal gene-regulatory mechanisms of these risk loci during atherosclerosis remain unclear. We incorporated local ancestry and haplotypes to identify quantitative trait loci for expression (eQTLs) and splicing (sQTLs) in coronary arteries from 138 ancestrally diverse Americans. Of 2,132 eQTL-associated genes (eGenes), 47% were previously unreported in coronary artery; 19% exhibited cell-type-specific expression. Colocalization revealed subgroups of eGenes unique to CAD and blood pressure GWAS. Fine-mapping highlighted additional eGenes, including TBX20 and IL5. We also identified sQTLs for 1,690 genes, among which TOR1AIP1 and ULK3 sQTLs demonstrated the importance of evaluating splicing to accurately identify disease-relevant isoform expression. Our work provides a patient-derived coronary artery eQTL resource and exemplifies the need for diverse study populations and multifaceted approaches to characterize gene regulation in disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mohammad Daud Khan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nelson B Barrientos
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ruben Methorst
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicolas G Lopez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Emily Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wei Feng Ma
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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2
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Murphy OW, Hoy KE, Wong D, Bailey NW, Fitzgerald PB, Segrave RA. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial random noise stimulation on working memory and task-related EEG in major depressive disorder. Brain Cogn 2023; 173:106105. [PMID: 37963422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial random noise stimulation with a direct-current offset (tRNS + DC-offset) on working memory (WM) performance and task-related electroencephalography (EEG) in individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). METHODS Using a sham-controlled, parallel-groups design, 49 participants with MDD received either anodal tDCS (N = 16), high-frequency tRNS + DC-offset (N = 16), or sham stimulation (N = 17) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 20-minutes. The Sternberg WM task was completed with concurrent EEG recording before and at 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. Event-related synchronisation/desynchronisation (ERS/ERD) was calculated for theta, upper alpha, and gamma oscillations during WM encoding and maintenance. RESULTS tDCS significantly increased parieto-occipital upper alpha ERS/ERD during WM maintenance, observed on EEG recorded 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. tRNS + DC-offset did not significantly alter WM-related oscillatory activity when compared to sham stimulation. Neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset improved WM performance to a significantly greater degree than sham stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Although tDCS induced persistent effects on WM-related oscillatory activity, neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset enhanced WM performance in MDD. SIGNIFICANCE This reflects the first sham-controlled comparison of tDCS and tRNS + DC-offset in MDD. These findings directly contrast with evidence of tRNS-induced enhancements in WM in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- O W Murphy
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - K E Hoy
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Wong
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - N W Bailey
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Monarch Research Institute Monarch Mental Health Group, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - P B Fitzgerald
- Monarch Research Institute Monarch Mental Health Group, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - R A Segrave
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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3
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Mosquera JV, Auguste G, Wong D, Turner AW, Hodonsky CJ, Alvarez-Yela AC, Song Y, Cheng Q, Lino Cardenas CL, Theofilatos K, Bos M, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, Mayr M, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JLM, Malhotra R, Stukenberg PT, Finn AV, van der Laan SW, Zang C, Sheffield NC, Miller CL. Integrative single-cell meta-analysis reveals disease-relevant vascular cell states and markers in human atherosclerosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113380. [PMID: 37950869 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic plaque formation in the arterial wall. CAD progression involves complex interactions and phenotypic plasticity among vascular and immune cell lineages. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) studies have highlighted lineage-specific transcriptomic signatures, but human cell phenotypes remain controversial. Here, we perform an integrated meta-analysis of 22 scRNA-seq libraries to generate a comprehensive map of human atherosclerosis with 118,578 cells. Besides characterizing granular cell-type diversity and communication, we leverage this atlas to provide insights into smooth muscle cell (SMC) modulation. We integrate genome-wide association study data and uncover a critical role for modulated SMC phenotypes in CAD, myocardial infarction, and coronary calcification. Finally, we identify fibromyocyte/fibrochondrogenic SMC markers (LTBP1 and CRTAC1) as proxies of atherosclerosis progression and validate these through omics and spatial imaging analyses. Altogether, we create a unified atlas of human atherosclerosis informing cell state-specific mechanistic and translational studies of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Qi Cheng
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Christian L Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | | | - Maxime Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - P Todd Stukenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nathan C Sheffield
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Clint L Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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4
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Wong D, Copson B, Gerard JM, Hill F, Leigh J, Dowell R. Cochlear implantation in advanced otosclerosis: utility of pre-operative radiological assessment in predicting intra-operative difficulty and final electrode position. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:1248-1255. [PMID: 37016895 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215123000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine if pre-operative radiological scoring can reliably predict intra-operative difficulty and final cochlear electrode position in patients with advanced otosclerosis. METHOD A retrospective cohort study of advanced otosclerosis patients who underwent cochlear implantation (n = 48, 52 ears) was compared with a larger cohort of post-lingually deaf adult patients (n = 1414) with bilateral hearing loss and normal cochlear anatomy. Pre-operative imaging for advanced otosclerosis patients and final electrode position were scored and correlated with intra-operative difficulty and speech outcomes. RESULTS Advanced otosclerosis patients benefit significantly from cochlear implantation. Mean duration of deafness was longer in the advanced otosclerosis group (19.5 vs 14.3 years; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Anatomical changes in advanced otosclerosis can result in increased difficulty of surgery. Evidence of pre-operative cochlear luminal changes was associated with intra-operative difficult insertion and final non-scala tympani position. Nearly all electrodes implanted in the advanced otosclerosis cohort were peri-modiolar. No reports of facial nerve stimulation were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant Clinic, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Copson
- Department of Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - J-M Gerard
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant Clinic, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F Hill
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant Clinic, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Leigh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant Clinic, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Audiology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Dowell
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant Clinic, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Audiology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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5
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Kavousi M, Bos MM, Barnes HJ, Lino Cardenas CL, Wong D, Lu H, Hodonsky CJ, Landsmeer LPL, Turner AW, Kho M, Hasbani NR, de Vries PS, Bowden DW, Chopade S, Deelen J, Benavente ED, Guo X, Hofer E, Hwang SJ, Lutz SM, Lyytikäinen LP, Slenders L, Smith AV, Stanislawski MA, van Setten J, Wong Q, Yanek LR, Becker DM, Beekman M, Budoff MJ, Feitosa MF, Finan C, Hilliard AT, Kardia SLR, Kovacic JC, Kral BG, Langefeld CD, Launer LJ, Malik S, Hoesein FAAM, Mokry M, Schmidt R, Smith JA, Taylor KD, Terry JG, van der Grond J, van Meurs J, Vliegenthart R, Xu J, Young KA, Zilhão NR, Zweiker R, Assimes TL, Becker LC, Bos D, Carr JJ, Cupples LA, de Kleijn DPV, de Winther M, den Ruijter HM, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Gudnason V, Hingorani AD, Hokanson JE, Ikram MA, Išgum I, Jacobs DR, Kähönen M, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Pasterkamp G, Raitakari OT, Schmidt H, Slagboom PE, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Bis JC, Franceschini N, Psaty BM, Post WS, Rotter JI, Björkegren JLM, O'Donnell CJ, Bielak LF, Peyser PA, Malhotra R, van der Laan SW, Miller CL. Multi-ancestry genome-wide study identifies effector genes and druggable pathways for coronary artery calcification. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1651-1664. [PMID: 37770635 PMCID: PMC10601987 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population. Here we conducted the largest multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of CAC to date, which comprised 26,909 individuals of European ancestry and 8,867 individuals of African ancestry. We identified 11 independent risk loci, of which eight were new for CAC and five had not been reported for CAD. These new CAC loci are related to bone mineralization, phosphate catabolism and hormone metabolic pathways. Several new loci harbor candidate causal genes supported by multiple lines of functional evidence and are regulators of smooth muscle cell-mediated calcification ex vivo and in vitro. Together, these findings help refine the genetic architecture of CAC and extend our understanding of the biological and potential druggable pathways underlying CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maxime M Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna J Barnes
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian L Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lennart P L Landsmeer
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Minjung Kho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Graduate School of Data Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalie R Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandesh Chopade
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - Joris Deelen
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sharon M Lutz
- Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Maggie A Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quenna Wong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chris Finan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Data Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaista Malik
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Michal Mokry
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce van Meurs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn Vliegenthart
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianzhao Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert Zweiker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis and Ischemic syndromes, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivana Išgum
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clint L Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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6
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Barzi A, Kim AJ, Liang CK, West H, Wong D, Wright C, Nathwani N, Vasko CM, Chung V, Rubinson DA, Sachs T. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Real World Evidence of Care Delivery in AccessHope Data. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1377. [PMID: 37763145 PMCID: PMC10532778 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an aggressive disease and the delivery of comprehensive care to individuals with this cancer is critical to achieve appropriate outcomes. The identification of gaps in care delivery facilitates the design of interventions to optimize care delivery and improve outcomes in this population. METHODS AccessHope™ is a growing organization that connects oncology subspecialists with treating providers through contracts with self-insured employers. Data from 94 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases (August 2019-December 2022) in the AccessHope dataset were used to describe gaps in care delivery. RESULTS In all but 6% of cases, the subspecialist provided guideline-concordant recommendations anticipated to improve outcomes. Gaps in care were more pronounced in patients with non-metastatic pancreatic cancer. There was a significant deficiency in germline testing regardless of the stage, with only 59% of cases having completed testing. Only 20% of cases were receiving palliative care or other allied support services. There was no difference in observed care gaps between patients receiving care in the community setting vs. those receiving care in the academic setting. CONCLUSIONS There are significant gaps in the care delivered to patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A concurrent subspecialist review has the opportunity to identify and address these gaps in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Barzi
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Angela J. Kim
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Crystal K. Liang
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Howard West
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - D. Wong
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Carol Wright
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Nitya Nathwani
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91011, USA;
| | - Catherine M. Vasko
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Vincent Chung
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | | | - Todd Sachs
- AccessHope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (A.J.K.); (C.K.L.); (H.W.); (C.W.); (C.M.V.); (T.S.)
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7
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Wong D, Auguste G, Cardenas CLL, Turner AW, Chen Y, Song Y, Ma L, Perry RN, Aherrahrou R, Kuppusamy M, Yang C, Mosquera JV, Dube CJ, Khan MD, Palmore M, Kalra JK, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, Matic L, Hedin U, Manichaikul A, Sonkusare SK, Civelek M, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JL, Malhotra R, Miller CL. FHL5 Controls Vascular Disease-Associated Gene Programs in Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ Res 2023; 132:1144-1161. [PMID: 37017084 PMCID: PMC10147587 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with common vascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. However, the lack of mechanistic insights for many GWAS loci limits their translation into the clinic. Among these loci with unknown functions is UFL1-four-and-a-half LIM (LIN-11, Isl-1, MEC-3) domain 5 (FHL5; chr6q16.1), which reached genome-wide significance in a recent coronary artery disease/ myocardial infarction GWAS meta-analysis. UFL1-FHL5 is also associated with several vascular diseases, consistent with the widespread pleiotropy observed for GWAS loci. METHODS We apply a multimodal approach leveraging statistical fine-mapping, epigenomic profiling, and ex vivo analysis of human coronary artery tissues to implicate FHL5 as the top candidate causal gene. We unravel the molecular mechanisms of the cross-phenotype genetic associations through in vitro functional analyses and epigenomic profiling experiments in coronary artery smooth muscle cells. RESULTS We prioritized FHL5 as the top candidate causal gene at the UFL1-FHL5 locus through expression quantitative trait locus colocalization methods. FHL5 gene expression was enriched in the smooth muscle cells and pericyte population in human artery tissues with coexpression network analyses supporting a functional role in regulating smooth muscle cell contraction. Unexpectedly, under procalcifying conditions, FHL5 overexpression promoted vascular calcification and dysregulated processes related to extracellular matrix organization and calcium handling. Lastly, by mapping FHL5 binding sites and inferring FHL5 target gene function using artery tissue gene regulatory network analyses, we highlight regulatory interactions between FHL5 and downstream coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction loci, such as FOXL1 and FN1 that have roles in vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these studies provide mechanistic insights into the pleiotropic genetic associations of UFL1-FHL5. We show that FHL5 mediates vascular disease risk through transcriptional regulation of downstream vascular remodeling gene programs. These transacting mechanisms may explain a portion of the heritable risk for complex vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Christian L. Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam W. Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - R. Noah Perry
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Collin J. Dube
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mohammad Daud Khan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Meredith Palmore
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaspreet K. Kalra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jason C. Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johan L.M. Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clint L. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Johnson S, Ali S, Shah C, Arman H, Nabrzyski R, Elsemesmani H, Gandy R, Wong D, Gibbawi MA, Omar H, Siddegowda Bangalore B, Duncan M, Guglin M. Invasive Hemodynamic Indices That Are Associated with Mortality at One Year in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Per Newly Proposed Criteria. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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9
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Kingsbury MV, Hamoutene D, Kraska P, Lacoursière-Roussel A, Page F, Coyle T, Sutherland T, Gibb O, Mckindsey CW, Hartog F, Neil S, Chernoff K, Wong D, Law BA, Brager L, Baillie SM, Black M, Bungay T, Gaspard D, Hua K, Parsons GJ. Relationship between in feed drugs, antibiotics and organic enrichment in marine sediments at Canadian Atlantic salmon aquaculture sites. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114654. [PMID: 36736258 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of in-feed anti-sea lice drugs and their relationship with organic enrichment is poorly understood in sediment surrounding salmon farms. Using data from an aquaculture monitoring program (2018-2020), we describe this relationship at ten sites in four Canadian provinces. Three anti-sea lice pesticides (lufenuron, teflubenzuron, emamectin benzoate and metabolite desmethyl emamectin benzoate), and one antibiotic (oxytetracycline) were detected. Concentrations were often below limits of quantification. Values are also lower than those reported in other aquaculture salmon-producing countries. Highest concentrations, along with organic enrichment, were observed ~200 m of cages with lower concentrations detected up to 1.5 km away. Most samples had at least two drugs present: 75.2 % (British Columbia), 91.4 % (Newfoundland), and 54.8 % (New Brunswick/Nova Scotia) highlighting the potential for cumulative effects. Emamectin benzoate and oxytetracycline were detected four and three years respectively after last known treatments, demonstrating the need for research on overall persistence of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Kingsbury
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - D Hamoutene
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada.
| | - P Kraska
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - A Lacoursière-Roussel
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - F Page
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - T Coyle
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - T Sutherland
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - O Gibb
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - C W Mckindsey
- Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Mont-Joli, QC G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | - F Hartog
- Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Mont-Joli, QC G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | - S Neil
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - K Chernoff
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - D Wong
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - B A Law
- Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada
| | - L Brager
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - S M Baillie
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - M Black
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - T Bungay
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - D Gaspard
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - K Hua
- Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - G J Parsons
- Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
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10
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Hodonsky CJ, Turner AW, Khan MD, Barrientos NB, Methorst R, Ma L, Lopez NG, Mosquera JV, Auguste G, Farber E, Ma WF, Wong D, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, van der Laan SW, Leeper NJ, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JLM, Miller CL. Integrative multi-ancestry genetic analysis of gene regulation in coronary arteries prioritizes disease risk loci. medRxiv 2023:2023.02.09.23285622. [PMID: 36824883 PMCID: PMC9949190 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.09.23285622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic risk loci for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, non-European populations are underrepresented in GWAS and the causal gene-regulatory mechanisms of these risk loci during atherosclerosis remain unclear. We incorporated local ancestry and haplotype information to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for gene expression and splicing in coronary arteries obtained from 138 ancestrally diverse Americans. Of 2,132 eQTL-associated genes (eGenes), 47% were previously unreported in coronary arteries and 19% exhibited cell-type-specific expression. Colocalization analysis with GWAS identified subgroups of eGenes unique to CAD and blood pressure. Fine-mapping highlighted additional eGenes of interest, including TBX20 and IL5 . Splicing (s)QTLs for 1,690 genes were also identified, among which TOR1AIP1 and ULK3 sQTLs demonstrated the importance of evaluating splicing events to accurately identify disease-relevant gene expression. Our work provides the first human coronary artery eQTL resource from a patient sample and exemplifies the necessity of diverse study populations and multi-omic approaches to characterize gene regulation in critical disease processes. Study Design Overview
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11
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Aherrahrou R, Lue D, Perry RN, Aberra YT, Khan MD, Soh JY, Örd T, Singha P, Yang Q, Gilani H, Benavente ED, Wong D, Hinkle J, Ma L, Sheynkman GM, den Ruijter HM, Miller CL, Björkegren JLM, Kaikkonen MU, Civelek M. Genetic Regulation of SMC Gene Expression and Splicing Predict Causal CAD Genes. Circ Res 2023; 132:323-338. [PMID: 36597873 PMCID: PMC9898186 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Recent meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies have identified over 175 loci associated with CAD. The majority of these loci are in noncoding regions and are predicted to regulate gene expression. Given that vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play critical roles in the development and progression of CAD, we aimed to identify the subset of the CAD loci associated with the regulation of transcription in distinct SMC phenotypes. METHODS We measured gene expression in SMCs isolated from the ascending aortas of 151 heart transplant donors of various genetic ancestries in quiescent or proliferative conditions and calculated the association of their expression and splicing with ~6.3 million imputed single-nucleotide polymorphism markers across the genome. RESULTS We identified 4910 expression and 4412 splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs) representing regions of the genome associated with transcript abundance and splicing. A total of 3660 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) had not been observed in the publicly available Genotype-Tissue Expression dataset. Further, 29 and 880 eQTLs were SMC-specific and sex-biased, respectively. We made these results available for public query on a user-friendly website. To identify the effector transcript(s) regulated by CAD loci, we used 4 distinct colocalization approaches. We identified 84 eQTL and 164 sQTL that colocalized with CAD loci, highlighting the importance of genetic regulation of mRNA splicing as a molecular mechanism for CAD genetic risk. Notably, 20% and 35% of the eQTLs were unique to quiescent or proliferative SMCs, respectively. One CAD locus colocalized with a sex-specific eQTL (TERF2IP), and another locus colocalized with SMC-specific eQTL (ALKBH8). The most significantly associated CAD locus, 9p21, was an sQTL for the long noncoding RNA CDKN2B-AS1, also known as ANRIL, in proliferative SMCs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results provide evidence for the molecular mechanisms of genetic susceptibility to CAD in distinct SMC phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rédouane Aherrahrou
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Dillon Lue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - R Noah Perry
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Yonathan Tamrat Aberra
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Daud Khan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Joon Yuhl Soh
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Tiit Örd
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Prosanta Singha
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qianyi Yang
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Huda Gilani
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jameson Hinkle
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Gloria M Sheynkman
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Johan LM Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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Hardy L, Wong D, Robbins P. Recurrent grade III anaplastic meningioma metastasising to the humerus: a case report. Pathology 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.12.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ang ACH, Wong D, Lui PPY. Increased Risk of Concomitant Meniscal Injuries in Adolescents With Elevated Body Mass Index After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2022; 38:3209-3221. [PMID: 35660518 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate existing studies examining the association between body mass index (BMI) and outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in adolescent patients. METHODS A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Embase. Studies examining associations between BMI and outcomes after ACLR in adolescents were included. Quality assessment was performed. Data on patient age, sex, study design, time of follow-up, sample size, graft type, concomitant injuries (meniscal injury, surgical procedures), clinical outcomes (revision ACLR, postoperative weight gain, post-traumatic osteoarthritis [PTOA], range of motion [ROM]), and functional outcome (muscle strength) were extracted. RESULTS Eleven papers of Levels II-IV evidence were included. Five studies found positive correlations between BMI and risk of concomitant meniscal injuries. Two of them reported young patients with elevated BMI having 1.6 times greater odds of requiring meniscectomy (P < .01) and 1.031 times greater odds of requiring concomitant surgeries (P = .011). One study showed significant positive association of postoperative weight gain by time (r = 0.28, P < .01), with smaller increase in the overweight and obese groups compared with the normal-weight group. One study demonstrated greater cartilage breakdown in young patients with overweight and obesity postsurgery, contributing to PTOA (r = 0.42, P = .009). There was no clinically important difference in postoperative ROM and muscle strength. Four studies reviewed the association between BMI and revision ACLR risk, but results were heterogeneous and a firm conclusion cannot be drawn. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with elevated BMI are more likely to have concomitant meniscal injuries and surgical procedures after ACL tear. There is some weak evidence of the association of elevated BMI with PTOA and slight postoperative weight gain post-ACLR. There may not be any clinically significant association of obesity with post-operative muscle strength and ROM, and current studies are inconclusive regarding the impact of BMI on revision ACLR risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, systematic review of Level II-IV studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Cheuk Hei Ang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pauline Po Yee Lui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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14
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Seneviratne MG, Li RC, Schreier M, Lopez-Martinez D, Patel BS, Yakubovich A, Kemp JB, Loreaux E, Gamble P, El-Khoury K, Vardoulakis L, Wong D, Desai J, Chen JH, Morse KE, Downing NL, Finger LT, Chen MJ, Shah N. User-centred design for machine learning in health care: a case study from care management. BMJ Health Care Inform 2022; 29:bmjhci-2022-100656. [PMID: 36220304 PMCID: PMC9557254 DOI: 10.1136/bmjhci-2022-100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few machine learning (ML) models are successfully deployed in clinical practice. One of the common pitfalls across the field is inappropriate problem formulation: designing ML to fit the data rather than to address a real-world clinical pain point. METHODS We introduce a practical toolkit for user-centred design consisting of four questions covering: (1) solvable pain points, (2) the unique value of ML (eg, automation and augmentation), (3) the actionability pathway and (4) the model's reward function. This toolkit was implemented in a series of six participatory design workshops with care managers in an academic medical centre. RESULTS Pain points amenable to ML solutions included outpatient risk stratification and risk factor identification. The endpoint definitions, triggering frequency and evaluation metrics of the proposed risk scoring model were directly influenced by care manager workflows and real-world constraints. CONCLUSIONS Integrating user-centred design early in the ML life cycle is key for configuring models in a clinically actionable way. This toolkit can guide problem selection and influence choices about the technical setup of the ML problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ron C Li
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | - Birju S Patel
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | | | - Jonas B Kemp
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Eric Loreaux
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Paul Gamble
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | | | | | - Doris Wong
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Janjri Desai
- Division of Pharmacy, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jonathan H Chen
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Keith E Morse
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - N Lance Downing
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lutz T Finger
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Ming-Jun Chen
- Research, Google Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Nigam Shah
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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15
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Jóźwik IK, Li W, Zhang DW, Wong D, Grawenhoff J, Ballandras-Colas A, Aiyer S, Cherepanov P, Engelman A, Lyumkis D. B-to-A transition in target DNA during retroviral integration. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:8898-8918. [PMID: 35947647 PMCID: PMC9410886 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Integration into host target DNA (tDNA), a hallmark of retroviral replication, is mediated by the intasome, a multimer of integrase (IN) assembled on viral DNA (vDNA) ends. To ascertain aspects of tDNA recognition during integration, we have solved the 3.5 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) strand transfer complex (STC) intasome. The tDNA adopts an A-like conformation in the region encompassing the sites of vDNA joining, which exposes the sugar-phosphate backbone for IN-mediated strand transfer. Examination of existing retroviral STC structures revealed conservation of A-form tDNA in the analogous regions of these complexes. Furthermore, analyses of sequence preferences in genomic integration sites selectively targeted by six different retroviruses highlighted consistent propensity for A-philic sequences at the sites of vDNA joining. Our structure additionally revealed several novel MMTV IN-DNA interactions, as well as contacts seen in prior STC structures, including conserved Pro125 and Tyr149 residues interacting with tDNA. In infected cells, Pro125 substitutions impacted the global pattern of MMTV integration without significantly altering local base sequence preferences at vDNA insertion sites. Collectively, these data advance our understanding of retroviral intasome structure and function, as well as factors that influence patterns of vDNA integration in genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona K Jóźwik
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julia Grawenhoff
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Sriram Aiyer
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peter Cherepanov
- Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK,Department of Infectious Disease, St-Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Alan N. Engelman. Tel: +1 617 632 4361; Fax: +1 617 632 4338;
| | - Dmitry Lyumkis
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 858 453 4100 (Ext 1155);
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Abbott R, Abe H, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adhikari N, Adhikari R, Adkins V, Adya V, Affeldt C, Agarwal D, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar O, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Akutsu T, Albanesi S, Alfaidi R, Allocca A, Altin P, Amato A, Anand C, Anand S, Ananyeva A, Anderson S, Anderson W, Ando M, Andrade T, Andres N, Andrés-Carcasona M, Andrić T, Angelova S, Ansoldi S, Antelis J, Antier S, Apostolatos T, Appavuravther E, Appert S, Apple S, Arai K, Araya A, Araya M, Areeda J, Arène M, Aritomi N, Arnaud N, Arogeti M, Aronson S, Arun K, Asada H, Asali Y, Ashton G, Aso Y, Assiduo M, Melo SADS, Aston S, Astone P, Aubin F, AultONeal K, Austin C, Babak S, Badaracco F, Bader M, Badger C, Bae S, Bae Y, Baer A, Bagnasco S, Bai Y, Baird J, Bajpai R, Baka T, Ball M, Ballardin G, Ballmer S, Balsamo A, Baltus G, Banagiri S, Banerjee B, Bankar D, Barayoga J, Barbieri C, Barish B, Barker D, Barneo P, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Barton M, Bartos I, Basak S, Bassiri R, Basti A, Bawaj M, Bayley J, Mills J, Milotti E, Minenkov Y, Mio N, Mir L, Miravet-Tenés M, Mishkin A, Mishra C, Mishra T, Mistry T, Bazzan M, Mitra S, Mitrofanov V, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Miyo K, Miyoki S, Mo G, Modafferi L, Moguel E, Becher B, Mogushi K, Mohapatra S, Mohite S, Molina I, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore C, Moragues J, Moraru D, Bécsy B, Morawski F, More A, Moreno C, Moreno G, Mori Y, Morisaki S, Morisue N, Moriwaki Y, Mours B, Mow-Lowry C, Bedakihale V, Mozzon S, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Beirnaert F, Muñiz E, Murray P, Musenich R, Muusse S, Nadji S, Nagano K, Nagar A, Nakamura K, Nakano H, Nakano M, Bejger M, Nakayama Y, Napolano V, Nardecchia I, Narikawa T, Narola H, Naticchioni L, Nayak B, Nayak R, Neil B, Neilson J, Belahcene I, Nelson A, Nelson T, Nery M, Neubauer P, Neunzert A, Ng K, Ng S, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nguyen T, Benedetto V, Quynh LN, Ni J, Ni WT, Nichols S, Nishimoto T, Nishizawa A, Nissanke S, Nitoglia E, Nocera F, Norman M, Beniwal D, North C, Nozaki S, Nurbek G, Nuttall L, Obayashi Y, Oberling J, O’Brien B, O’Dell J, Oelker E, Ogaki W, Benjamin M, Oganesyan G, Oh J, Oh K, Oh S, Ohashi M, Ohashi T, Ohkawa M, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada M, Bennett T, Okutani Y, Olivetto C, Oohara K, Oram R, O’Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ormsby N, O’Shaughnessy R, O’Shea E, Oshino S, Bentley J, Ossokine S, Osthelder C, Otabe S, Ottaway D, Overmier H, Pace A, Pagano G, Pagano R, Page M, Pagliaroli G, BenYaala M, Pai A, Pai S, Pal S, Palamos J, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Pan KC, Panda P, Pang P, Bera S, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant B, Panther F, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Paolone A, Pappas G, Parisi A, Park H, Berbel M, Park J, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patel M, Pathak M, Patricelli B, Patron A, Bergamin F, Paul S, Payne E, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pegoraro M, Pele A, Arellano FP, Penano S, Penn S, Perego A, Berger B, Pereira A, Pereira T, Perez C, Périgois C, Perkins C, Perreca A, Perriès S, Pesios D, Petermann J, Petterson D, Bernuzzi S, Pfeiffer H, Pham H, Pham K, Phukon K, Phurailatpam H, Piccinni O, Pichot M, Piendibene M, Piergiovanni F, Pierini L, Bersanetti D, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pillas M, Pilo F, Pinard L, Pineda-Bosque C, Pinto I, Pinto M, Piotrzkowski B, Piotrzkowski K, Bertolini A, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Placidi A, Placidi E, Planas M, Plastino W, Pluchar C, Poggiani R, Polini E, Pong D, Betzwieser J, Ponrathnam S, Porter E, Poulton R, Poverman A, Powell J, Pracchia M, Pradier T, Prajapati A, Prasai K, Prasanna R, Beveridge D, Pratten G, Principe M, Prodi G, Prokhorov L, Prosposito P, Prudenzi L, Puecher A, Punturo M, Puosi F, Puppo P, Bhandare R, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quartey N, Quetschke V, Quinonez P, Quitzow-James R, Raab F, Raaijmakers G, Radkins H, Radulesco N, Bhandari A, Raffai P, Rail S, Raja S, Rajan C, Ramirez K, Ramirez T, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Ray A, Bhardwaj U, Raymond V, Raza N, Razzano M, Read J, Rees L, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reid S, Reitze D, Bhatt R, Relton P, Renzini A, Rettegno P, Revenu B, Reza A, Rezac M, Ricci F, Richards D, Richardson J, Richardson L, Bhattacharjee D, Riemenschneider G, Riles K, Rinaldi S, Rink K, Robertson N, Robie R, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rodriguez S, Rolland L, Bhaumik S, Rollins J, Romanelli M, Romano R, Romel C, Romero A, Romero-Shaw I, Romie J, Ronchini S, Rosa L, Rose C, Bianchi A, Rosińska D, Ross M, Rowan S, Rowlinson S, Roy S, Roy S, Rozza D, Ruggi P, Ruiz-Rocha K, Ryan K, Bilenko I, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sadiq J, Saha S, Saito Y, Sakai K, Sakellariadou M, Sakon S, Salafia O, Salces-Carcoba F, Billingsley G, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sanchez E, Sanchez J, Sanchez L, Sanchis-Gual N, Sanders J, Sanuy A, Bini S, Saravanan T, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Satari H, Sauter O, Savage R, Savant V, Sawada T, Sawant H, Sayah S, Birney R, Schaetzl D, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schiworski M, Schmidt P, Schmidt S, Schnabel R, Schneewind M, Schofield R, Schönbeck A, Birnholtz O, Schulte B, Schutz B, Schwartz E, Scott J, Scott S, Seglar-Arroyo M, Sekiguchi Y, Sellers D, Sengupta A, Sentenac D, Biscans S, Seo E, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaffer T, Shahriar M, Shaikh M, Shams B, Shao L, Sharma A, Bischi M, Sharma P, Shawhan P, Shcheblanov N, Sheela A, Shikano Y, Shikauchi M, Shimizu H, Shimode K, Shinkai H, Shishido T, Biscoveanu S, Shoda A, Shoemaker D, Shoemaker D, ShyamSundar S, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silenzi L, Singer L, Singh D, Singh M, Bisht A, Singh N, Singha A, Sintes A, Sipala V, Skliris V, Slagmolen B, Slaven-Blair T, Smetana J, Smith J, Smith L, Biswas B, Smith R, Soldateschi J, Somala S, Somiya K, Song I, Soni K, Soni S, Sordini V, Sorrentino F, Sorrentino N, Bitossi M, Soulard R, Souradeep T, Sowell E, Spagnuolo V, Spencer A, Spera M, Spinicelli P, Srivastava A, Srivastava V, Staats K, Bizouard MA, Stachie C, Stachurski F, Steer D, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Stergioulas N, Stops D, Stover M, Strain K, Strang L, Blackburn J, Stratta G, Strong M, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver A, Suchenek M, Sudhagar S, Sudhir V, Sugimoto R, Suh H, Blair C, Sullivan A, Summerscales T, Sun L, Sunil S, Sur A, Suresh J, Sutton P, Suzuki T, Suzuki T, Suzuki T, Blair D, Swinkels B, Szczepańczyk M, Szewczyk P, Tacca M, Tagoshi H, Tait S, Takahashi H, Takahashi R, Takano S, Takeda H, Blair R, Takeda M, Talbot C, Talbot C, Tanaka K, Tanaka T, Tanaka T, Tanasijczuk A, Tanioka S, Tanner D, Tao D, Bobba F, Tao L, Tapia R, Martín ETS, Taranto C, Taruya A, Tasson J, Tenorio R, Terhune J, Terkowski L, Thirugnanasambandam M, Bode N, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thompson E, Thompson J, Thondapu S, Thorne K, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Boër M, Toivonen A, Tolley A, Tomaru T, Tomura T, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie C, e Melo IT, Töyrä D, Bogaert G, Trapananti A, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trevor M, Tringali M, Tripathee A, Troiano L, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Trudeau R, Boldrini M, Tsai D, Tsang K, Tsang T, Tsao JS, Tse M, Tso R, Tsuchida S, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsutsui T, Bolingbroke G, Turbang K, Turconi M, Tuyenbayev D, Ubhi A, Uchikata N, Uchiyama T, Udall R, Ueda A, Uehara T, Ueno K, Bonavena L, Ueshima G, Unnikrishnan C, Urban A, Ushiba T, Utina A, Vajente G, Vajpeyi A, Valdes G, Valentini M, Valsan V, Bondu F, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van Dael M, van den Brand J, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde D, van Haevermaet H, van Heijningen J, van Putten M, van Remortel N, Bonilla E, Vardaro M, Vargas A, Varma V, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch P, Venneberg J, Venugopalan G, Bonnand R, Verkindt D, Verma P, Verma Y, Vermeulen S, Veske D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Vidyant S, Viets A, Vijaykumar A, Booker P, Villa-Ortega V, Vinet JY, Virtuoso A, Vitale S, Vocca H, von Reis E, von Wrangel J, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin S, Wade L, Boom B, Wade M, Wagner K, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace G, Wallace L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang W, Ward R, Bork R, Warner J, Was M, Washimi T, Washington N, Watchi J, Weaver B, Weaving C, Webster S, Weinert M, Weinstein A, Boschi V, Weiss R, Weller C, Weller R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Weßels P, Wette K, Whelan J, White D, Whiting B, Bose N, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams M, Williamson A, Willis J, Willke B, Wilson D, Wipf C, Wlodarczyk T, Bose S, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford J, Wong D, Wong I, Wright M, Wu C, Wu D, Wu H, Wysocki D, Bossilkov V, Xiao L, Yamada T, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Yamashita K, Yamazaki R, Yang F, Yang K, Yang L, Boudart V, Yang YC, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yap M, Yeeles D, Yeh SW, Yelikar A, Ying M, Yokoyama J, Yokozawa T, Bouffanais Y, Yoo J, Yoshioka T, Yu H, Yu H, Yuzurihara H, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zeidler S, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Bozzi A, Zevin M, Zhan M, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang R, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Zhao G, Bradaschia C, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Zhou R, Zhou Z, Zhu X, Zhu ZH, Zucker M, Zweizig J, Brady P, Bramley A, Branch A, Branchesi M, Brau J, Breschi M, Briant T, Briggs J, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brockill P, Brooks A, Brooks J, Brown D, Brunett S, Bruno G, Bruntz R, Bryant J, Bucci F, Bulik T, Bulten H, Buonanno A, Burtnyk K, Buscicchio R, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer R, Davies GC, Cabras G, Cabrita R, Cadonati L, Caesar M, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Bustillo JC, Callaghan J, Callister T, Calloni E, Cameron J, Camp J, Canepa M, Canevarolo S, Cannavacciuolo M, Cannon K, Cao H, Cao Z, Capocasa E, Capote E, Carapella G, Carbognani F, Carlassara M, Carlin J, Carney M, Carpinelli M, Carrillo G, Carullo G, Carver T, Diaz JC, Casentini C, Castaldi G, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cerdá-Durán P, Cesarini E, Chaibi W, Subrahmanya SC, Champion E, Chan CH, Chan C, Chan C, Chan K, Chan M, Chandra K, Chang I, Chanial P, Chao S, Chapman-Bird C, Charlton P, Chase E, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee C, Chatterjee D, Chatterjee D, Chaturvedi M, Chaty S, Chen C, Chen D, Chen H, Chen J, Chen K, Chen X, Chen YB, Chen YR, Chen Z, Cheng H, Cheong C, Cheung H, Chia H, Chiadini F, Chiang CY, Chiarini G, Chierici R, Chincarini A, Chiofalo M, Chiummo A, Choudhary R, Choudhary S, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chu YK, Chua S, Chung K, Ciani G, Ciecielag P, Cieślar M, Cifaldi M, Ciobanu A, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Clara F, Clark J, Clearwater P, Clesse S, Cleva F, Coccia E, Codazzo E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colleoni M, Collette C, Colombo A, Colpi M, Compton C, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper S, Corban P, Corbitt T, Cordero-Carrión I, Corezzi S, Corley K, Cornish N, Corre D, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa C, Cotesta R, Cottingham R, Coughlin M, Coulon JP, Countryman S, Cousins B, Couvares P, Coward D, Cowart M, Coyne D, Coyne R, Creighton J, Creighton T, Criswell A, Croquette M, Crowder S, Cudell J, Cullen T, Cumming A, Cummings R, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Curyło M, Dabadie P, Canton TD, Dall’Osso S, Dálya G, Dana A, D’Angelo B, Danilishin S, D’Antonio S, Danzmann K, Darsow-Fromm C, Dasgupta A, Datrier L, Datta S, Datta S, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Davis M, Daw E, Dean R, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Favero V, De Lillo F, De Lillo N, Dell’Aquila D, Del Pozzo W, DeMarchi L, De Matteis F, D’Emilio V, Demos N, Dent T, Depasse A, De Pietri R, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, De Simone R, Dhurandhar S, Díaz M, Didio N, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Fronzo C, Di Giorgio C, Di Giovanni F, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Di Michele A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Divakarla A, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Donahue L, D’Onofrio L, Donovan F, Dooley K, Doravari S, Drago M, Driggers J, Drori Y, Ducoin JG, Dupej P, Dupletsa U, Durante O, D’Urso D, Duverne PA, Dwyer S, Eassa C, Easter P, Ebersold M, Eckhardt T, Eddolls G, Edelman B, Edo T, Edy O, Effler A, Eguchi S, Eichholz J, Eikenberry S, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein R, Ejlli A, Engelby E, Enomoto Y, Errico L, Essick R, Estellés H, Estevez D, Etienne Z, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans T, Evstafyeva T, Ewing B, Fabrizi F, Faedi F, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan P, Farah A, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr W, Fauchon-Jones E, Favaro G, Favata M, Fays M, Fazio M, Feicht J, Fejer M, Fenyvesi E, Ferguson D, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira T, Fidecaro F, Figura P, Fiori A, Fiori I, Fishbach M, Fisher R, Fittipaldi R, Fiumara V, Flaminio R, Floden E, Fong H, Font J, Fornal B, Forsyth P, Franke A, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Freed J, Frei Z, Freise A, Freitas O, Frey R, Fritschel P, Frolov V, Fronzé G, Fujii Y, Fujikawa Y, Fujimoto Y, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard H, Gabella W, Gadre B, Gair J, Gais J, Galaudage S, Gamba R, Ganapathy D, Ganguly A, Gao D, Gaonkar S, Garaventa B, Núñez CG, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gayathri V, Ge GG, Gemme G, Gennai A, George J, Gerberding O, Gergely L, Gewecke P, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Ghosh T, Giacomazzo B, Giacoppo L, Giaime J, Giardina K, Gibson D, Gier C, Giesler M, Giri P, Gissi F, Gkaitatzis S, Glanzer J, Gleckl A, Godwin P, Goetz E, Goetz R, Gohlke N, Golomb J, Goncharov B, González G, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Gould D, Goyal S, Grace B, Grado A, Graham V, Granata M, Granata V, Grant A, Gras S, Grassia P, Gray C, Gray R, Greco G, Green A, Green R, Gretarsson A, Gretarsson E, Griffith D, Griffiths W, Griggs H, Grignani G, Grimaldi A, Grimes E, Grimm S, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Gruson A, Guerra D, Guidi G, Guimaraes A, Guixé G, Gulati H, Gunny A, Guo HK, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta I, Gupta P, Gupta S, Gustafson R, Guzman F, Ha S, Hadiputrawan I, Haegel L, Haino S, Halim O, Hall E, Hamilton E, Hammond G, Han WB, Haney M, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam M, Hannuksela O, Hansen H, Hansen T, Hanson J, Harder T, Haris K, Harms J, Harry G, Harry I, Hartwig D, Hasegawa K, Haskell B, Haster CJ, Hathaway J, Hattori K, Haughian K, Hayakawa H, Hayama K, Hayes F, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heidt A, Heintze M, Heinze J, Heinzel J, Heitmann H, Hellman F, Hello P, Helmling-Cornell A, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng I, Hennes E, Hennig J, Hennig M, Henshaw C, Hernandez A, Vivanco FH, Heurs M, Hewitt A, Higginbotham S, Hild S, Hill P, Himemoto Y, Hines A, Hirata N, Hirose C, Ho TC, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Hohmann J, Holcomb D, Holland N, Hollows I, Holmes Z, Holt K, Holz D, Hong Q, Hough J, Hourihane S, Howell E, Hoy C, Hoyland D, Hreibi A, Hsieh BH, Hsieh HF, Hsiung C, Hsu Y, Huang HY, Huang P, Huang YC, Huang YJ, Huang Y, Huang Y, Hübner M, Huddart A, Hughey B, Hui D, Hui V, Husa S, Huttner S, Huxford R, Huynh-Dinh T, Ide S, Idzkowski B, Iess A, Inayoshi K, Inoue Y, Iosif P, Isi M, Isleif K, Ito K, Itoh Y, Iyer B, JaberianHamedan V, Jacqmin T, Jacquet PE, Jadhav S, Jadhav S, Jain T, James A, Jan A, Jani K, Janquart J, Janssens K, Janthalur N, Jaranowski P, Jariwala D, Jaume R, Jenkins A, Jenner K, Jeon C, Jia W, Jiang J, Jin HB, Johns G, Johnston R, Jones A, Jones D, Jones P, Jones R, Joshi P, Ju L, Jue A, Jung P, Jung K, Junker J, Juste V, Kaihotsu K, Kajita T, Kakizaki M, Kalaghatgi C, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kamiizumi M, Kanda N, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner J, Kao Y, Kapadia S, Kapasi D, Karathanasis C, Karki S, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Kastaun W, Kato T, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaur T, Kawabe K, Kawaguchi K, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Key J, Khadka S, Khalili F, Khan S, Khanam T, Khazanov E, Khetan N, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim A, Kim C, Kim J, Kim J, Kim K, Kim W, Kim YM, Kimball C, Kimura N, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel J, Klimenko S, Klinger T, Knee A, Knowles T, Knust N, Knyazev E, Kobayashi Y, Koch P, Koekoek G, Kohri K, Kokeyama K, Koley S, Kolitsidou P, Kolstein M, Komori K, Kondrashov V, Kong A, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Kovalam M, Koyama N, Kozak D, Kozakai C, Kringel V, Krishnendu N, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kuei F, Kuijer P, Kulkarni S, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kume J, Kuns K, Kuromiya Y, Kuroyanagi S, Kwak K, Lacaille G, Lagabbe P, Laghi D, Lalande E, Lalleman M, Lam T, Lamberts A, Landry M, Lane B, Lang R, Lange J, Lantz B, La Rosa I, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky P, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, LeBohec S, Lecoeuche Y, Lee E, Lee H, Lee H, Lee K, Lee R, Legred I, Lehmann J, Lemaître A, Lenti M, Leonardi M, Leonova E, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levesque C, Levin Y, Leviton J, Leyde K, Li A, Li B, Li J, Li K, Li P, Li T, Li X, Lin CY, Lin E, Lin FK, Lin FL, Lin H, Lin LC, Linde F, Linker S, Linley J, Littenberg T, Liu G, Liu J, Liu K, Liu X, Llamas F, Lo R, Lo T, London L, Longo A, Lopez D, Portilla ML, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lott T, Lough J, Lousto C, Lovelace G, Lucaccioni J, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren A, Luo LW, Lynam J, Ma’arif M, Macas R, Machtinger J, MacInnis M, Macleod D, MacMillan I, Macquet A, Hernandez IM, Magazzù C, Magee R, Maggiore R, Magnozzi M, Mahesh S, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Maliakal S, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell G, Manske M, Mantovani M, Mapelli M, Marchesoni F, Pina DM, Marion F, Mark Z, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan A, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin I, Martin R, Martinez M, Martinez V, Martinez V, Martinovic K, Martynov D, Marx E, Masalehdan H, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Mateu-Lucena M, Matichard F, Matiushechkina M, Mavalvala N, McCann J, McCarthy R, McClelland D, McClincy P, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGhee G, McGuire S, McIsaac C, McIver J, McRae T, McWilliams S, Meacher D, Mehmet M, Mehta A, Meijer Q, Melatos A, Melchor D, Mendell G, Menendez-Vazquez A, Menoni C, Mercer R, Mereni L, Merfeld K, Merilh E, Merritt J, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Meyers P, Meylahn F, Mhaske A, Miani A, Miao H, Michaloliakos I, Michel C, Michimura Y, Middleton H, Mihaylov D, Milano L, Miller A, Miller A, Miller B, Millhouse M. Search for continuous gravitational wave emission from the Milky Way center in O3 LIGO-Virgo data. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.042003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ma WF, Turner AW, Gancayco C, Wong D, Song Y, Mosquera JV, Auguste G, Hodonsky CJ, Prabhakar A, Ekiz HA, van der Laan SW, Miller CL. PlaqView 2.0: A comprehensive web portal for cardiovascular single-cell genomics. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:969421. [PMID: 36003902 PMCID: PMC9393487 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.969421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) is a powerful genomics technology to interrogate the cellular composition and behaviors of complex systems. While the number of scRNA-seq datasets and available computational analysis tools have grown exponentially, there are limited systematic data sharing strategies to allow rapid exploration and re-analysis of single-cell datasets, particularly in the cardiovascular field. We previously introduced PlaqView, an open-source web portal for the exploration and analysis of published atherosclerosis single-cell datasets. Now, we introduce PlaqView 2.0 (www.plaqview.com), which provides expanded features and functionalities as well as additional cardiovascular single-cell datasets. We showcase improved PlaqView functionality, backend data processing, user-interface, and capacity. PlaqView brings new or improved tools to explore scRNA-seq data, including gene query, metadata browser, cell identity prediction, ad hoc RNA-trajectory analysis, and drug-gene interaction prediction. PlaqView serves as one of the largest central repositories for cardiovascular single-cell datasets, which now includes data from human aortic aneurysm, gene-specific mouse knockouts, and healthy references. PlaqView 2.0 brings advanced tools and high-performance computing directly to users without the need for any programming knowledge. Lastly, we outline steps to generalize and repurpose PlaqView's framework for single-cell datasets from other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng Ma
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Adam W. Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Christina Gancayco
- Research Computing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Research Computing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Chani J. Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Ajay Prabhakar
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - H. Atakan Ekiz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Turkey
| | - Sander W. van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Clint L. Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Clint L. Miller
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Turner AW, Hu SS, Mosquera JV, Ma WF, Hodonsky CJ, Wong D, Auguste G, Song Y, Sol-Church K, Farber E, Kundu S, Kundaje A, Lopez NG, Ma L, Ghosh SKB, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Ashley EA, Quertermous T, Finn AV, Leeper NJ, Kovacic JC, Björkgren JLM, Zang C, Miller CL. Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility profiling highlights regulatory mechanisms of coronary artery disease risk. Nat Genet 2022; 54:804-816. [PMID: 35590109 PMCID: PMC9203933 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex inflammatory disease involving genetic influences across cell types. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 200 loci associated with CAD, where the majority of risk variants reside in noncoding DNA sequences impacting cis-regulatory elements (CREs). Here, we applied single-nucleus ATAC-seq to profile 28,316 nuclei across coronary artery segments from 41 patients with varying stages of CAD, which revealed 14 distinct cellular clusters. We mapped ~320,000 accessible sites across all cells, identified cell type-specific elements, transcription factors, and prioritized functional CAD risk variants. . We identified elements in smooth muscle cell (SMC) transition states (e.g. fibromyocytes) and functional variants predicted to alter SMC and macrophage-specific regulation of MRAS (3q22) and LIPA (10q23), respectively. We further nominated key driver transcription factors such as PRDM16 and TBX2. Together, this single nucleus atlas provides a critical step towards interpreting regulatory mechanisms across the continuum of CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Shengen Shawn Hu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Wei Feng Ma
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Katia Sol-Church
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Genome Analysis & Technology Core, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Emily Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Genome Sciences Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Soumya Kundu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anshul Kundaje
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas G Lopez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Genome Sciences Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johan L M Björkgren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. .,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Wong D, Auguste GE, Turner A, Palmore M, Perry N, Aherrahrou R, Civelek M, Kovacic JC, Bjorkegren J, Miller C. Abstract 466: Fhl5 Enhances Vascular Calcification By Regulating Smooth Muscle Cell Transcriptional Networks. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.42.suppl_1.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a hallmark of coronary artery disease (CAD) with increased CAC levels associated with increased risk for CAD related morbidity and mortality. The development of CAC is a pathological process driven by the modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and maladaptive extracellular matrix remodeling. In the most recent multi-ancestry meta-analysis of more than 35,000 individuals, FHL5 (Four-and-a-half LIM domains 5) was prioritized as a novel CAC gene through Bayesian colocalization and epigenomic analyses. scRNA-seq studies of human coronary and carotid arteries revealed high enrichment of FHL5 gene expression in SMC and pericyte populations. These preliminary studies motivate our hypothesis that FHL5 functions as a transcriptional regulator of vascular remodeling pathways associated with increased CAC risk. Following treatment of SMCs with a calcifying cocktail, stable FHL5 overexpression promoted the osteogenic SMC phenotypic transition, characterized by increased levels of osteogenic activators and reduced expression of SMC contractile markers. This osteogenic gene signature correlated with increased SMC calcification, consistent with the direction of effect of the CAC risk allele. To provide insights into the transcriptional program regulated by FHL5 that contributes to the vascular calcification phenotype, we mapped FHL5 binding sites in SMCs using the CUT&RUN method. We identified 17,201 FHL5 binding sites that overlapped the active enhancer mark H3K27ac. FHL5 target genes were enriched in pathways linked to vascular remodeling, such as cell adhesion and extracellular matrix organization. Moreover, risk variants for pulse pressure, a metric of arterial stiffness that is highly correlated with CAC, was enriched in FHL5 binding sites. Lastly, integration with FHL5 trans-eQTL target genes in STARNET arterial tissues revealed a network of CAD-associated candidate genes regulated by FHL5 in vitro and in vivo that impact SMC proliferation, migration, and calcification. Taken together, we provide evidence that FHL5 regulates a network of genes linked to arterial stiffness, which may explain the underlying mechanism of its genetic association with CAC in individuals from the general population.
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Wong D, Lee YT, Tang GPY, Chan SSC. Surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse in women aged ≥75 years in Hong Kong: a multicentre retrospective study. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:107-115. [PMID: 35354666 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common among older women. With the increasing lifespan and emphasis on quality of life worldwide, older women increasingly prefer surgical treatment for POP. We reviewed the surgical treatment of POP in older women to characterise its safety, effectiveness, and the type most often selected. METHODS This multicentre, retrospective study was conducted at four hospitals between 2013 and 2018. Included patients were aged ≥75 years and had undergone POP surgery. We compared patient demographic characteristics, POP severity, and surgical outcomes between reconstructive and obliterative surgeries; these comparisons were also made among vaginal hysterectomy plus pelvic floor repair (VHPFR), transvaginal mesh surgery (TVM), vaginal hysterectomy (VH) plus colpocleisis, and colpocleisis alone. RESULTS In total, 343 patients were included; 84.3% and 15.7% underwent reconstructive and obliterative surgeries, respectively. Overall, 246 (71.7%), 43 (12.5%), 20 (5.8%), and 34 (9.9%) patients underwent VHPFR, TVM, VH plus colpocleisis, and colpocleisis alone, respectively. Patients who were older (81.9 vs 79.6 y; P=0.001), had vault prolapse (38.9% vs 3.5%; P<0.001), and had medical co-morbidities (37% vs 4.8%; P<0.001) chose obliterative surgery more frequently than reconstructive surgery. Obliterative surgeries had shorter operative time (73.5 min vs 107 min; P<0.001) and fewer surgical complications (9.3% vs 28.0%; P=0.003). Vaginal hysterectomy plus pelvic floor repair had the highest rate of surgical complications (most were minor), while colpocleisis alone had the lowest rate (30.1% vs 8.8%; P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Pelvic organ prolapse surgeries were safe and effective for older women. Colpocleisis may be appropriate as primary surgery for fragile older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y T Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - G P Y Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S S C Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
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Ma WF, Hodonsky CJ, Turner AW, Wong D, Song Y, Mosquera JV, Ligay AV, Slenders L, Gancayco C, Pan H, Barrientos NB, Mai D, Alencar GF, Owsiany K, Owens GK, Reilly MP, Li M, Pasterkamp G, Mokry M, van der Laan SW, Khomtchouk BB, Miller CL. Enhanced single-cell RNA-seq workflow reveals coronary artery disease cellular cross-talk and candidate drug targets. Atherosclerosis 2022; 340:12-22. [PMID: 34871816 PMCID: PMC8919504 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The atherosclerotic plaque microenvironment is highly complex, and selective agents that modulate plaque stability are not yet available. We sought to develop a scRNA-seq analysis workflow to investigate this environment and uncover potential therapeutic approaches. We designed a user-friendly, reproducible workflow that will be applicable to other disease-specific scRNA-seq datasets. METHODS Here we incorporated automated cell labeling, pseudotemporal ordering, ligand-receptor evaluation, and drug-gene interaction analysis into a ready-to-deploy workflow. We applied this pipeline to further investigate a previously published human coronary single-cell dataset by Wirka et al. Notably, we developed an interactive web application to enable further exploration and analysis of this and other cardiovascular single-cell datasets. RESULTS We revealed distinct derivations of fibroblast-like cells from smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and showed the key changes in gene expression along their de-differentiation path. We highlighted several key ligand-receptor interactions within the atherosclerotic environment through functional expression profiling and revealed several avenues for future pharmacological development for precision medicine. Further, our interactive web application, PlaqView (www.plaqview.com), allows lay scientists to explore this and other datasets and compare scRNA-seq tools without prior coding knowledge. CONCLUSIONS This publicly available workflow and application will allow for more systematic and user-friendly analysis of scRNA datasets in other disease and developmental systems. Our analysis pipeline provides many hypothesis-generating tools to unravel the etiology of coronary artery disease. We also highlight potential mechanisms for several drugs in the atherosclerotic cellular environment. Future releases of PlaqView will feature more scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq atherosclerosis-related datasets to provide a critical resource for the field, and to promote data harmonization and biological interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng Ma
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA , 22908, USA
| | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA , 22908, USA
| | - Alexandra V Ligay
- Master of Science in Biomedical Informatics (MScBMI) Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christina Gancayco
- Research Computing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Huize Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nelson B Barrientos
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - David Mai
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Gabriel F Alencar
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Katherine Owsiany
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Gary K Owens
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michal Mokry
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL , 60637, USA.
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA , 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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Kim J, Nogic J, Layland J, Chan J, Cheng K, Wong D, Brown A. Predictive Utility of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation for In-Stent Restenosis in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Yuvaraj J, Lim E, Vo T, Huynh D, Rocco C, Nerlekar N, Cheng K, Lin A, Dey D, Nicholls S, Kangaharan N, Wong D. Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Associates With Male Sex and Indigenous Australian Ethnicity. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tariq A, Mcgeorge S, Pearce A, Rhee H, Kyle S, Marsh P, Raveenthiran S, Wong D, Mcbean R, Westera J, Dunglison N, Esler R, Navaratnam A, Yaxley J, Thomas P, Pattison D, Roberts M. Characterisation of tumour thrombus in renal cell carcinoma with prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)02747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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West H, Tan Y, Barzi A, Wong D, Sachs T. MA12.01 A Novel Program Offering Remote, Asynchronous Subspecialist Input in Thoracic Oncology: Early Experience During a Pandemic. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fumega AO, Wong D, Schulz C, Rodríguez F, Blanco-Canosa S. Spectroscopy of the frustrated quantum antiferromagnet Cs 2CuCl 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:495603. [PMID: 34517361 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the electronic structure of Cs2CuCl4, a material discussed in the framework of a frustrated quantum antiferromagnet, by means of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and density functional theory (DFT). From the non-dispersive highly localizedddexcitations, we resolve the crystal field splitting of the Cu2+ions in a strongly distorted tetrahedral coordination. This allows us to model the RIXS spectrum within the crystal field theory (CFT), assign theddorbital excitations and retrieve experimentally the values of the crystal field splitting parametersDq,DsandDτ. The electronic structure obtainedab-initioagrees with the RIXS spectrum and modelled by CFT, highlighting the potential of combined spectroscopic, cluster and DFT calculations to determine the electronic ground state of complex materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo O Fumega
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Campus Sur s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacións Tecnolóxicas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Campus Sur s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Wong
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Schulz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Rodríguez
- MALTA TEAM, DCITIMAC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - S Blanco-Canosa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Wong D, Turner A, Khan MD, Palmore M, Perry N, kuppusamy M, Ottolini M, Matic L, Hedin U, Ma L, Sonkusare SK, Civelek M, Kovacic JC, Bjorkegren J, Miller CL. Abstract MP39:
FHL5
, A Novel Cofactor Associated With Coronary Artery Disease, Regulates Smooth Muscle Cell Function Through A Transcriptional Network Linking Multiple Risk Loci. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.mp39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide with an estimated heritability of ~50%. The most recent genome wide association study (GWAS) for CAD and myocardial infarction (MI) identified over 200 loci. One such novel CAD/MI locus,
UFL1-FHL5
(P = 1.1E-8), is associated with additional vascular pathologies, including hypertension, migraines, and coronary calcification. We previously showed through statistical fine-mapping that
FHL5
is the top candidate causal gene underlying each of these vascular trait associations and highly enriched in the contractile mural cell populations in the artery. These preliminary studies motivate our hypothesis that FHL5 functions as a transcriptional regulator of SMC contractility to affect vascular disease risk.
Methods and Results:
Given the reported role of FHL5 as a cofactor, we mapped 17,201 candidate FHL5 binding sites in coronary artery SMCs using the Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) method. Binding sites were enriched for AP-1 family motifs and strongly overlapped CREB binding sites and H3K27ac enhancer marks. FHL5 target genes were functionally enriched in well characterized CAD pathways, such as extracellular matrix organization (P=5.2E-15, OR=2.1) and TGF-beta signaling (P=8.0E-5, OR=2.0). Interestingly, FHL5 binding sites were also enriched for CAD (P=1.8E-7, OR=2.3) and blood pressure (BP) risk variants (P=0.04, OR=1.2), thereby linking FHL5 with the regulation of multiple downstream CAD/BP loci. Weighted gene co-expression network and key driver analyses of human coronary artery transcriptomic data further support this regulatory role. Lastly, we validated these findings by performing confocal based calcium imaging and collagen gel contraction assays. Consistent with our functional genomic analyses, overexpression of FHL5 elevated intracellular calcium levels 2.5X and increased SMC contractility by ~45%.
Conclusion:
Taken together, our results provide evidence that
FHL5
may impact CAD risk by regulating a network of disease-associated genes mediating SMC functions. These findings further contribute to our understanding of the heritable risk for multiple vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulf Hedin
- KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE, Stockholm, Sweden
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Turner AW, Hu SE, Verdezoto Mosquera JE, Ma WF, Hodonsky CJ, Wong D, Auguste GE, sol-church K, Farber E, Kundu S, Kundaje AB, Lopez NG, Ma L, Ghosh S, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Ashley EA, Quertermous T, Finn A, Leeper NJ, Kovacic JC, Bjorkegren JL, Zang C, Miller CL. Abstract 113: Cell-specific Chromatin Landscape Of Human Coronary Artery Resolves Mechanisms Of Disease Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.41.suppl_1.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex inflammatory disease involving genetic influences across several cell types. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 170 loci associated with CAD, where the majority of risk variants reside in noncoding DNA sequences impacting
cis
-regulatory elements (CREs). Here, we applied single-cell ATAC-seq to profile 28,316 cells across coronary artery segments from 41 patients with varying stages of CAD, which revealed 14 distinct cellular clusters. We mapped over 320,000 accessible sites across all cells, identified cell type-specific elements, transcription factors, and prioritized functional CAD risk variants via quantitative trait locus and sequence-based predictive modeling. Using differential peak analyses we identified a number of candidate mechanisms for smooth muscle cell transition states (e.g. fibromyocytes). By integrating these profiles with GWAS meta-analysis summary data we resolved cell type-specific putative binding sites for the majority of CAD risk variants. In particular, we prioritized functional variants predicted to alter MEF2 binding in smooth muscle cells at the MRAS locus. We also identify variants predicted to alter macrophage-specific regulation of LIPA. We further employed DNA to gene linkage to nominate disease-associated key driver transcription factors such as PRDM16 and TBX2. Together, this single cell atlas provides a critical step towards interpreting
cis
-regulatory mechanisms in the vessel wall across the continuum of CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lijiang Ma
- Icahn Sch of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Hamoutene D, Hua K, Lacoursière-Roussel A, Page F, Baillie SM, Brager L, Salvo F, Coyle T, Chernoff K, Black M, Wong D, Nelson E, Bungay T, Gaspard D, Ryall E, Mckindsey CW, Sutherland TF. Assessing trace-elements as indicators of marine finfish aquaculture across three distinct Canadian coastal regions. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 169:112557. [PMID: 34089964 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several trace-elements have been identified as indicators of finfish aquaculture organic enrichment. In this study, sediment sampling at finfish farms was completed as part of an Aquaculture Monitoring Program in three distinct Canadian regions. Despite diverse datasets, multivariate analyses show a consistent clustering of known direct (Cu and Zn) and indirect (Cd, Mo and U) tracers of aquaculture activities with sediment organic matter (OM) and/or total dissolved sulfides concentrations. OM content was also a predictor of Cu, Zn, Mo and U concentrations according to decision tree analyses. Distance from cages did not emerge as a strong driver of differences among sampling points; however, a tendency towards negative associations is clear especially for Zn. Enriched stations as determined after geochemical normalization were mostly localized within 150 m of net-pens. Selected trace-elements (in particular Zn) can be useful indicators of aquaculture organic enrichment in different ecosystems and valuable tools for monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hamoutene
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada.
| | - K Hua
- Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - A Lacoursière-Roussel
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - F Page
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - S M Baillie
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - L Brager
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - F Salvo
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - T Coyle
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - K Chernoff
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - M Black
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - D Wong
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - E Nelson
- St. Andrews Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
| | - T Bungay
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - D Gaspard
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
| | - E Ryall
- Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada
| | - C W Mckindsey
- Institut Maurice Lamontagne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 850 Route de la mer, Mont-Joli, QUE G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | - T F Sutherland
- Pacific Enterprise Science Center, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada
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Hodonsky C, Turner A, Khan M, López N, Wong D, Barrientos N, Kovacic J, Leeper N, Björkegren J, Miller C. Ancestrally diverse study populations benefit eQTL discovery and characterization in coronary artery tissue. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sim N, Lee S, Yap HY, Tan QY, Tan J, Wong D, Chau A, Mak M, Chong TT, Tay HT. A review of the Turned-down Onto Pericapsular-tissue Hemisectioned Amputated Toe (TOPHAT) flap for wound coverage during ray amputations of the toes. Foot (Edinb) 2021; 47:101803. [PMID: 33964533 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2021.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure of the adjacent Metatarsal-Phalangeal Joint (MTPJ) commonly occurs after application of Topical Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (TNPWT) for a ray amputation wound. This is due to mechanical soft tissue erosion or trauma to the adjacent digital artery from direct pressure effect. This results in toe gangrene requiring a ray amputation and ultimately a larger wound bed. We describe the use of the Turned-down Onto Pericapsular-tissue Hemisectioned Amputated Toe (TOPHAT) flap - a filleted toe flap to protect the adjacent MTPJ capsule combined with a novel Negative Pressure Wound Therapy with instillation and dwell-time (NPWTi-d) dressing technique. The flap protects the adjacent joint capsule and reduces the wound burden whilst allowing the wound to benefit from TNPWT, thereby accelerating wound healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of patients with toe gangrene requiring ray amputation that underwent the TOPHAT flap on in our institution from 2019 and 2020. Complications such as wound dehiscence, hematoma, flap necrosis and secondary infection were recorded. Other outcomes recorded were time taken to final skin grafting and time taken for complete wound epithelialization. RESULTS 9 patients underwent treatment with the TOPHAT flap. 2 patients had flap necrosis. 7 patients progressed to definitive skin coverage with skin grafting. One patient subsequently had progressive arterial disease despite successful skin grafting and required above knee amputation. The mean time to final skin grafting and complete wound epithelialization was 49.5 days and 107.5 days respectively. All patients were satisfied with the outcomes and were able to return to their pre-morbid function. CONCLUSIONS The TOPHAT flap has a consistent vascular supply that provides durable soft tissue coverage. It is a robust and easily reproducible technique to accelerate wound healing after ray amputations even in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sim
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - S Lee
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - H Y Yap
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Q Y Tan
- Podiatry Department, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - J Tan
- Podiatry Department, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - D Wong
- Podiatry Department, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - A Chau
- Podiatry Department, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - M Mak
- Podiatry Department, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - T T Chong
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
| | - H T Tay
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Academia Level 5, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore.
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Boone N, Ramiro S, Moes DJ, Mostard R, Magro Checa C, Van Dongen C, Gronenschild M, Van Haren E, Buijs J, Peeters R, Wong D, Landewé RBM. POS1256 SINGLE DOSE TOCILIZUMAB PHARMACOKINETICS IN GLUCOCORTICOID PRE-TREATED COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME HYPERINFLAMMATORY EPISODE: LESS IS MORE. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:The cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) associated with COVID-19 pneumonia occurs in up to 20% of the admitted patients causing high morbidity and mortality [1]. In the COVID High-intensity Immunosuppression in Cytokine storm syndrome (CHIC) study [1] we reported that CSS patients, who despite high-dose methylprednisolone (MP) treatment still showed severe respiratory deterioration, received subsequent single dose tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment. Our clinical experience with TCZ, every 4 weeks in RA, where a pre-dose serum concentration of > 1 µg/ml is sufficient to block all interleukin (IL)-6 receptors and thereby induce and maintain clinical remission, prompted further investigation of TCZ pharmacokinetics in patients with COVID-19 CSS [1,2].Objectives:In this pharmacokinetic study we investigated the clinical-pharmacokinetic rationale for a single TCZ dose in a subset of COVID19 induced CSS patients.Methods:Patients with COVID-19-associated CSS, defined as rapid respiratory deterioration plus at least two biomarker elevations (C-reactive protein (CRP) >100 mg/L; ferritin >900 μg/L; D-dimers >1500 μg/L), received per protocol high-dose intravenous MP for 5 consecutive days. If the respiratory condition had not improved sufficiently, TCZ (8 mg/kg, max. 800 mg) single infusion was added on or after day 2[1]. TCZ serum samples were drawn at TCZ day 1, 3 and 10 to assess TCZ serum concentrations with a validated ELISA-method. A nonlinear-mixed effects model was developed based on all concentration time data to characterise TCZ pharmacokinetics (NONMEM). Subsequently individual pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0-inf, Cmax, time above 1 µg/ml) were estimated and TCZ concentration-time observations were plotted against the individual predicted concentrations to visualize the complete TCZ concentration-time curve.Results:In total, 34 patients with COVID19 induced CSS still showing clinical deterioration upon MP treatment received TCZ per protocol [mean (SD) age: 62 (12) years, 22% female, baseline mean (SD) bodyweight: 87 (17) kg, CRP: 108 (833) mmol/L, ferritin: 1653 (911) µg/L, D-dimers 4462 (7272) µg/L]. TCZ clearance was described by a homogeneous population-kinetics model yielding 87 serum samples. TCZ serum concentrations followed a biphasic course [Distribution volume 5.0 L (3.3-7.3), Area Under the Curve0-∞1st dose (682 (397-913) mg/L*days), Cmax 137 mg/L (88 – 199), half-life (linear) 3.5 days (2.3-4.1)]. In all patients, TCZ serum concentrations remained above the theoretical maximum IL-6 receptor occupancy concentration of 1 µg/ml for at least 12 days, depicted in Figure 1.Figure 1.Predicted concentration-time profiles after single dose tocilizumab in 34 methylpred-nisolone pretreated patients with COVID-19 induced cytokine storm syndrome. Dashed line: maximum IL-6 receptor occupancy concentration 1 µg/mlConclusion:Based on our study results on the pharmacokinetics of TCZ in patients with severe COVID-19 induced CSS we conclude that the clearance of TCZ is faster compared to RA-patients at steady state. However, our observations indicate that a single dose of tocilizumab in CSS-patients is enough to cover IL-6 mediated hyperinflammation. Restricting TCZ to a single dosage can prevent overtreatment, drug shortage and saves costs, while still maintaining efficacy, as most patients will have overcome their hyperinflammatory period of the CSS after 10-14 days.References:[1]Ramiro S. Mostard R.L.M. et al. Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study. Ann Rheum Dis 2020;79(9):1143-1151.[2]Nishimoto N, Terao K et al. Mechanisms and pathologic significances in increase in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-6 receptor after administration of an anti IL-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Castleman disease. Blood. 2008;112:3959-3964.Acknowledgements:The authors are grateful to all patients, nurses and physicians who participated in this study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Lee W, Kwan K, Wong D, Lee V. PO-0223 Ir-192 position measurement for pre-treatment QA using a fluorescent screen-based optical detector. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schneider J, Davies S, Howarth A, GARCIA SANCHEZ J, Rao N, Grandy S, Bhatt P, Parackal A, Wong D, Briggs A. POS-321 TRANSLATING THE FINDINGS OF THE ROXADUSTAT NDD GLOBAL PHASE 3 PROGRAM INTO COST OFFSETS FROM A CANADIAN HEALTHCARE PERSPECTIVE. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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GARCIA SANCHEZ J, Fifer S, West B, Wittbrodt E, Bhatt P, Grandy S, Rao N, Wong D, Karamy R, Parackal A, Khan F, Tennankore K, Johnson D. POS-318 PATIENT PREFERENCES FOR RISKS AND BENEFITS OF MEDICATIONS TO MANAGE ANEMIA OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A DISCRETE CHOICE EXPERIMENT. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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GARCIA SANCHEZ J, Retat L, Webber L, Cabrera C, Grandy S, Rao N, Bhatt P, Parackal A, Wong D, Wish J, Tangri N. POS-320 INSIDE ANEMIA OF CKD: QUANTIFYING THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BURDEN OF ANEMIA OF CKD IN CANADA VIA MICROSIMULATION MODELLING. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Tigges A, Wong D, Blanchard D. Right Atrial Function Index in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension before and after Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Leung K, Jaberi A, Kachura J, Duan K, Wong D. A228 WHEN ASCITES & VARICEAL BLEEDING ARE NOT FROM CIRRHOSIS: A CASE OF MUTIPLE ARTERIOPORTAL FISTULAE CAUSING PORTAL HYPERTENSION. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Portal hypertension is usually due to increased resistance from cirrhosis. However, pressures can also be elevated due to increased flow.
Aims
To describe a peculiar case of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Methods
A case report and literature review was performed.
Results
A 47-year-old previously well man presented with a 6 month history of rapidly progressive weight loss, ascites and variceal bleed. Workup ruled out common causes of primary liver disease. Initial imaging demonstrated a heterogenous liver, splenomegaly, ascites, patent hepatic/portal veins and multiple poorly defined low-density hepatic lesions with the largest measuring 2.1 cm. Transient elastography was 7.3 kPa (F1-mild fibrosis). At transjugular liver biopsy, hepatic venogram ruled out Budd-Chiari and hepatic vein pressure gradient was normal at 3–4 mmHg. Histology unfortunately showed hemangioma. A percutaneous liver biopsy suggested nodular regenerative hyperplasia, minimal fibrosis and mild cholestasis. Given worsening ascites, hyponatremia and 7 months of rapidly progressive decline, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) was inserted. Intra-procedure, portal vein pressure was noted to be 51 mmHg, with a portosystemic gradient of 42 mmHg. Although numerous abdominal CT and MRI did not show AV shunting, ultrasound post-TIPSS showed hepatic pseudoaneurysms & arterioportal fistulae (APF). Direct angiogram showed numerous hepatic pseudoaneurysms and intrahepatic fistulae making embolization impossible. CT showed no evidence of pseudoaneurysms or fistulae outside of the liver. Workup for autoimmune rheumatological diseases and congenital telangiectatic syndromes were negative. Given the high pressures being directed through the new TIPSS, right heart failure is an ongoing concern.
APF are rarely encountered causes of presinusoidal portal hypertension, with communications most commonly arising from the hepatic (65%) & splenic arteries (11%) & the portal vein. Causes include traumatic (28%), iatrogenic (16%), vascular/telangiectatic malformations (15%), tumors (15%), aneurysms (14%) & congenital disease. Endovascular embolization can be used to treat single lesions. In complex cases with mulitple APF, surgery and/or liver transplantation may be required.
Conclusions
We report a rare case of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension due to increased flow rather than increased resistance secondary to APF.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leung
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Jaberi
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Kachura
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Duan
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Wong
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lewis J, Li J, Gray R, Carlyle A, Wong D. Cardiac Sarcoidosis Mimicking Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: The Utility of Multimodality Imaging. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yuvaraj J, Cameron W, Andrews J, Lin A, Nerlekar N, Nicholls S, Hamilton G, Wong D, Issa M, Che Z, Lim E. Association of Coronary Inflammation With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA). Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tan S, Chan J, Thakur U, Thein P, Muthalaly R, Talman A, Dey D, Brown A, Wu A, Seneviratne S, Cameron J, Wong D, Nerlekar N. Inter-Software and Inter-Scan Variability Amongst Post-Processing Software Platforms in Measurement of Epicardial Adipose Tissue. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cheung KW, Seto MTY, Kan ASY, Wong D, Kou TKO, So PL, Lau WL, Wong RMS, Lee CP, Ng EHY. Maternal and obstetric factors of hepatitis B immunisation failure in Hong Kong: a multicentre prospective study: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26 Suppl 6:24-25. [PMID: 33229599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K W Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong
| | - M T Y Seto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong
| | - A S Y Kan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong
| | - D Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital
| | - T K O Kou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital
| | - P L So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuen Mun Hospital
| | - W L Lau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital
| | - R M S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - C P Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong
| | - E H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong
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Bouchareychas L, Duong P, Covarrubias S, Alsop E, Q Phu T, Chung A, Gomes M, Wong D, Meechoovet B, Capili A, Yamamoto R, Nakauchi H, Mcmanus M, Carpenter S, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Raffai R. M2 macrophage exosomes regulate hematopoiesis & resolve inflammation in atherosclerosis via microrna cargo. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Filippou V, Redmond AC, Bennion J, Backhouse MR, Wong D. Capturing accelerometer outputs in healthy volunteers under normal and simulated-pathological conditions using ML classifiers .. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2020:4604-4607. [PMID: 33019019 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Wearable devices offer a possible solution for acquiring objective measurements of physical activity. Most current algorithms are derived using data from healthy volunteers. It is unclear whether such algorithms are suitable in specific clinical scenarios, such as when an individual has altered gait. We hypothesized that algorithms trained on healthy population will result in less accurate results when tested in individuals with altered gait. We further hypothesized that algorithms trained on simulated-pathological gait would prove better at classifying abnormal activity. We studied healthy volunteers to assess whether activity classification accuracy differed for those with healthy and simulated-pathological conditions. Healthy participants (n=30) were recruited from the University of Leeds to perform nine predefined activities under healthy and simulated-pathological conditions. Activities were captured using a wrist-worn MOX accelerometer (Maastricht Instruments, NL). Data were analyzed based on the Activity-Recognition-Chain process. We trained a Neural-Network, Random-Forests, k-Nearest-Neighbors (k-NN), Support-Vector-Machines (SVM) and Naive Bayes models to classify activity. Algorithms were trained four times; once with `healthy' data, and once with `simulated-pathological data' for each of activity-type and activity-task classification. In activity-type instances, the SVM provided the best results; the accuracy was 98.4% when the algorithm was trained and then tested with unseen data from the same group of healthy individuals. Accuracy dropped to 52.8% when tested on simulated-pathological data. When the model was retrained with simulated-pathological data, prediction accuracy for the corresponding test set was 96.7%. Algorithms developed on healthy data are less accurate for pathological conditions. When evaluating pathological conditions, classifier algorithms developed using data from a target sub-population can restore accuracy to above 95%.
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Li W, Singh PK, Sowd GA, Bedwell GJ, Jang S, Achuthan V, Oleru AV, Wong D, Fadel HJ, Lee K, KewalRamani VN, Poeschla EM, Herschhorn A, Engelman AN. CPSF6-Dependent Targeting of Speckle-Associated Domains Distinguishes Primate from Nonprimate Lentiviral Integration. mBio 2020; 11:e02254-20. [PMID: 32994325 PMCID: PMC7527728 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02254-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral DNA integration favors transcriptionally active chromatin. We previously showed that the interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid with cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 6 (CPSF6) localizes viral preintegration complexes (PICs) to nuclear speckles for integration into transcriptionally active speckle-associated domains (SPADs). In the absence of the capsid-CPSF6 interaction, PICs uncharacteristically accumulate at the nuclear periphery and target heterochromatic lamina-associated domains (LADs) for integration. The integrase-binding protein lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 in contrast to CPSF6 predominantly functions to direct HIV-1 integration to interior regions of transcription units. Though CPSF6 and LEDGF/p75 can reportedly interact with the capsid and integrase proteins of both primate and nonprimate lentiviruses, the extents to which these different viruses target SPADs versus LADs, as well as their dependencies on CPSF6 and LEDGF/p75 for integration targeting, are largely unknown. Here, we mapped 5,489,157 primate and nonprimate lentiviral integration sites in HEK293T and Jurkat T cells as well as derivative cells that were knocked out or knocked down for host factor expression. Despite marked preferences of all lentiviruses to target genes for integration, nonprimate lentiviruses only marginally favored SPADs, with corresponding upticks in LAD-proximal integration. While LEDGF/p75 knockout disrupted the intragenic integration profiles of all lentiviruses similarly, CPSF6 depletion specifically counteracted SPAD integration targeting by primate lentiviruses. CPSF6 correspondingly failed to appreciably interact with nonprimate lentiviral capsids. We conclude that primate lentiviral capsid proteins evolved to interact with CPSF6 to optimize PIC localization for integration into transcriptionally active SPADs.IMPORTANCE Integration is the defining step of the retroviral life cycle and underlies the inability to cure HIV/AIDS through the use of intensified antiviral therapy. The reservoir of latent, replication-competent proviruses that forms early during HIV infection reseeds viremia when patients discontinue medication. HIV cure research is accordingly focused on the factors that guide provirus formation and associated chromatin environments that regulate transcriptional reactivation, and studies of orthologous infectious agents such as nonprimate lentiviruses can inform basic principles of HIV biology. HIV-1 utilizes the integrase-binding protein LEDGF/p75 and the capsid interactor CPSF6 to target speckle-associated domains (SPADs) for integration. However, the extent to which these two host proteins regulate integration of other lentiviruses is largely unknown. Here, we mapped millions of retroviral integration sites in cell lines that were depleted for LEDGF/p75 and/or CPSF6. Our results reveal that primate lentiviruses uniquely target SPADs for integration in a CPSF6-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Parmit K Singh
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory A Sowd
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory J Bedwell
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sooin Jang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vasudevan Achuthan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amarachi V Oleru
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hind J Fadel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - KyeongEun Lee
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Vineet N KewalRamani
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric M Poeschla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alon Herschhorn
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Murphy O, Hoy K, Wong D, Bailey N, Fitzgerald P, Segrave R. Transcranial random noise stimulation is more effective than transcranial direct current stimulation for enhancing working memory in healthy individuals: Behavioural and electrophysiological evidence. Brain Stimul 2020; 13:1370-1380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Lin A, Wong N, Razipour A, McElhinney P, Commandeur F, Cadet S, Gransar H, Chen X, Cantu S, Miller R, Nerlekar N, Wong D, Slomka P, Rozanski A, Tamarappoo B, Berman D, Dey D. Metabolic Syndrome, Fatty Liver, And Artificial Intelligence-based Epicardial Adipose Tissue Measures Predict Long-term Risk Of Cardiac Events. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lin A, Kolossváry M, Yuvaraj J, Cadet S, McElhinney P, Jiang C, Nerlekar N, Nicholls S, Slomka P, Maurovich-Horvat P, Wong D, Dey D. Myocardial Infarction Is Associated With A Distinct Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Radiomic Phenotype: A Prospective Case-Control Study. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Coronary artery disease is a complex cardiovascular disease involving an interplay of genetic and environmental influences over a lifetime. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding lifestyle risk factors, genetic factors identified from genome-wide association studies may capture additional hidden risk undetected by traditional clinical tests. These genetic discoveries have highlighted many candidate genes and pathways dysregulated in the vessel wall, including those involving smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and injury responses. Here, we summarize experimental evidence for a few genome-wide significant loci supporting their roles in smooth muscle cell biology and disease. We also discuss molecular quantitative trait locus mapping as a powerful discovery and fine-mapping approach applied to smooth muscle cell and coronary artery disease-relevant tissues. We emphasize the critical need for alternative genetic strategies, including cis/trans-regulatory network analysis, genome editing, and perturbations, as well as single-cell sequencing in smooth muscle cell tissues and model organisms, under both normal and disease states. By integrating multiple experimental and analytical modalities, these multidimensional datasets should improve the interpretation of coronary artery disease genome-wide association studies and molecular quantitative trait locus signals and inform candidate targets for therapeutic intervention or risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Wong
- From the Center for Public Health Genomics (D.W., A.W.T., C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (D.W., C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Adam W Turner
- From the Center for Public Health Genomics (D.W., A.W.T., C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Clint L Miller
- From the Center for Public Health Genomics (D.W., A.W.T., C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (D.W., C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Public Health Sciences (C.L.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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Yuvaraj J, Lin A, Nerlekar N, Munnur R, Cameron J, Nicholls S, Wong D. 402 Role of Coronary Inflammation in High-Risk Plaque and Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Insights from Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation (PCAT) on CTCA. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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