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Hagiwara K, Wright PR, Tabandera NK, Kelman D, Backofen R, Ómarsdóttir S, Wright AD. Comparative analysis of the antioxidant properties of Icelandic and Hawaiian lichens. Environ Microbiol 2015; 18:2319-25. [PMID: 25808912 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant activity of symbiotic organisms known as lichens is an intriguing field of research because of its strong contribution to their ability to withstand extremes of physical and biological stress (e.g. desiccation, temperature, UV radiation and microbial infection). We present a comparative study on the antioxidant activities of 76 Icelandic and 41 Hawaiian lichen samples assessed employing the DPPH- and FRAP-based antioxidant assays. Utilizing this unprecedented sample size, we show that while highest individual sample activity is present in the Icelandic dataset, the overall antioxidant activity is higher for lichens found in Hawaii. Furthermore, we report that lichens from the genus Peltigera that have been described as strong antioxidant producers in studies on Chinese, Russian and Turkish lichens also show high antioxidant activities in both Icelandic and Hawaiian lichen samples. Finally, we show that opportunistic sampling of lichens in both Iceland and Hawaii will yield high numbers of lichen species that exclusively include green algae as photobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehau Hagiwara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Patrick R Wright
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 106, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
| | - Nicole K Tabandera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Dovi Kelman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Rolf Backofen
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 106, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79104, Germany
| | - Sesselja Ómarsdóttir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, Reykjavik, IS-107, Iceland
| | - Anthony D Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
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Kelman D, Wright AD. The importance of 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for reference standard validation in analytical sciences. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42061. [PMID: 22848701 PMCID: PMC3407044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the importance of recording at least a (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum to verify identity of standards used in analyses of organic materials irrespective of source. We show the importance of this approach with an example of a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) study undertaken with green tea extracts that required the use of several polyphenols as standards. In the course of the study one of these standards [(-)-epigallocatechin, EGC], although having the physical appearance and appropriate HPLC chromatographic behavior of EGC, proved by (1)H-NMR to be a completely different class of molecule. For us, this raised significant questions concerning validity of many published pieces of research that used quantitative HPLC methods without first performing rigorous validation of the employed standards prior to their use. This paper clearly illustrates the importance of validation of all standards used in analysis of organic materials by recording at least a (1)H-NMR spectrum of them prior to their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovi Kelman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Anthony D. Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Song R, Kelman D, Johns K, Wright A. Correlation between leaf age, shade levels, and characteristic beneficial natural constituents of tea (Camellia sinensis) grown in Hawaii. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wright AD, Schupp PJ, Schrör JP, Engemann A, Rohde S, Kelman D, de Voogd N, Carroll A, Motti CA. Twilight zone sponges from Guam yield theonellin isocyanate and psammaplysins I and J. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:502-506. [PMID: 22236331 PMCID: PMC3328308 DOI: 10.1021/np200939d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
From the organic extracts of two Guam sponges, Rhaphoxya sp. and Suberea sp., determined to have cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities, three new compounds, theonellin isocyanate (1) and psammaplysins I and J (5, 6), and six previously reported compounds (2-4, 7-9) were isolated and characterized spectroscopically ((1)H and (13)C NMR, MS, IR, UV, [α](D)). The two new metabolites (5 and 6) isolated from the Suberea sp. sponge are rare examples of compounds containing a bromotyramine moiety rather than the more usual dibromo analogue. For the compounds isolated from the Rhaphoxya sp., this is the first report of the known compounds 2-4 being found in a single sponge. For previously reported compounds 2-4 complete unambiguous (1)H and (13)C NMR data are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D. Wright
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, 96720 Hawaii, USA
| | - Peter J. Schupp
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), PO Box 2503, University of Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg
| | | | - Anna Engemann
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923
| | - Sven Rohde
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923
| | - Dovi Kelman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, 96720 Hawaii, USA
| | - Nicole de Voogd
- Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Carroll
- Griffith University, School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Cherie A. Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB no. 3, Townsville MC, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
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Kelman D, Posner EK, McDermid KJ, Tabandera NK, Wright PR, Wright AD. Antioxidant activity of Hawaiian marine algae. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:403-416. [PMID: 22412808 PMCID: PMC3297004 DOI: 10.3390/md10020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine algae are known to contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, many of which have commercial applications in pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, food and agricultural industries. Natural antioxidants, found in many algae, are important bioactive compounds that play an important role against various diseases and ageing processes through protection of cells from oxidative damage. In this respect, relatively little is known about the bioactivity of Hawaiian algae that could be a potential natural source of such antioxidants. The total antioxidant activity of organic extracts of 37 algal samples, comprising of 30 species of Hawaiian algae from 27 different genera was determined. The activity was determined by employing the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays. Of the algae tested, the extract of Turbinaria ornata was found to be the most active. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of a variety of different carotenoids as the active principles. The major bioactive antioxidant compound was identified as the carotenoid fucoxanthin. These results show, for the first time, that numerous Hawaiian algae exhibit significant antioxidant activity, a property that could lead to their application in one of many useful healthcare or related products as well as in chemoprevention of a variety of diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovi Kelman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (D.K.); (N.K.T.); (P.R.W.)
| | - Ellen Kromkowski Posner
- Department of Marine Science, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (E.K.P.); (K.J.M.)
| | - Karla J. McDermid
- Department of Marine Science, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (E.K.P.); (K.J.M.)
| | - Nicole K. Tabandera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (D.K.); (N.K.T.); (P.R.W.)
| | - Patrick R. Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (D.K.); (N.K.T.); (P.R.W.)
- Summer Scholar visiting from University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
| | - Anthony D. Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; (D.K.); (N.K.T.); (P.R.W.)
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Kelman D, Ben-Amotz A, Berman-Frank I. Carotenoids provide the major antioxidant defence in the globally significant N2-fixing marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11:1897-908. [PMID: 19397682 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01913.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic oxygen-evolving microorganisms contend with continuous self-production of molecular oxygen and reactive oxygen species. The deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species are exacerbated for cyanobacterial nitrogen-fixers (diazotrophs) due to the innate sensitivity of nitrogenase to oxygen. This renders incompatible the processes of oxygen-evolving photosynthesis and N-fixation. We examined total antioxidative potential of various diazotrophic and non-diazotrophic cyanobacteria. We focused on Trichodesmium spp., a bloom-forming marine diazotroph that contributes significantly to global nitrogen fixation. Among the species tested, Trichodesmium possessed the highest antioxidant activity. Moreover, while proteins constituted the dominant antioxidative component of all other cyanobacteria tested, Trichodesmium was unique in that small-molecule natural products provided the majority of antioxidant activity, while proteins constituted only 13% of total antioxidant activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation followed by high-performance liquid chromatography profiling of antioxidant purified fractions identified the highly potent antioxidant all-trans-β-carotene, and small amounts of 9-cis-β-carotene and retinyl palmitate. Search of the Trichodesmium genome identified protein sequences homologous to key enzymes in the β-carotene to retinyl palmitate biosynthetic pathway, including 33-37% identity to lecithin retinol acyltransferase. The present study demonstrates the importance of carotenoids in Trichodesmium's arsenal of defensive compounds against oxidative damage and protection of nitrogenase from oxygen and its radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovi Kelman
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel.
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Lampert Y, Kelman D, Nitzan Y, Dubinsky Z, Behar A, Hill RT. Phylogenetic diversity of bacteria associated with the mucus of Red Sea corals. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2008; 64:187-98. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Coral reefs are the most biodiverse of all marine ecosystems. Bacteria are known to be abundant and active in seawater around corals, inside coral tissues, and within their surface microlayer. Very little is known, however, about the structure, composition and maintenance of these bacterial communities. In the current study we characterize the culturable bacterial community within the mucus of healthy specimens of the Red Sea solitary coral Fungia scutaria. This was achieved using culture-based methods and molecular techniques for the identification of the bacterial isolates. More than 30% of the isolated bacteria were novel species and a new genus. The culturable heterotrophic bacterial community of the mucus of this coral is composed mainly of the bacterial groups Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and of Actinobacteria. This study provides the first evidence of actinomycetes isolated from corals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Lampert
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
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Kelman D, Emlet RB. Swimming and buoyancy in ontogenetic stages of the cushion star Pteraster tesselatus (Echinodermata: asteroidea) and their implications for distribution and movement. Biol Bull 1999; 197:309-314. [PMID: 10630331 DOI: 10.2307/1542784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Kelman
- Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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Sands R, Studd J, Seed M, Doherty E, Kelman D, Andrews G, Jones J, Panay N, Khastiger G, Carter G, Alaghband-Zadeh J. F024 The effect of exogenous testosterone on lipid metabolism & insulin resistance in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(97)80988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bonfield
- Department of Materials, Queen Mary College, University of London, England
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Cohen I, Fliegleman S, Gluck Z, Kelman D. Study of early differentiation between schizophrenia and psychotic manifestations in adolescence. Isr Ann Psychiatr Relat Discip 1970; 8:163-72. [PMID: 5273276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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