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Asadi P, Alaie E, Heidari A, Naidu R. Photodegradation of modified petroleum impregnated bentonite mulch under the effects of solar radiation simulating the outdoor condition. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:14754-14766. [PMID: 34617234 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were investigating the photodegradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in modified petroleum impregnated bentonite mulch through solar radiation, determining PAHs' translocation in the soils that underlay the mulch and finding a solution to prevent the uncontrolled release of petroleum into the environment. For this research, various formulated mulches were prepared: mulch no. 1 was a mixture of 5:1 sandy soil: natural bentonite + petroleum; mulch no. 2 composed a mixture of 5:1 sandy soil: modified bentonite + natural bentonite + petroleum; and mulch no. 3 composed a mixture of 5:1:0.5 ratio of sandy soil: natural bentonite: modified bentonite mixed with petroleum at a ratio of 1:1. PAHs in surface mulches and subsurface sandy soil were monitored over 5, 20, 40 and 80 days. The results demonstrated that PAHs undergo numerous changes over time because of sunlight. Photodegradation is the most dominant process for low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs (≤ 3 fused aromatic rings) and high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs (≥ 4 fused aromatic rings). HMW PAHs could be sequestrated strongly within the soil particles because of their higher aromaticity and lower polarity; they were more resilient in the soil matrices than LMW PAHs. Mulch no. 2 retained more PAHs compounds (p > 95%) than mulch nos. 1 and 3, which could be attributed to the retention of numerous PAHs in its interlayers, preventing its movement into the underlying soil, environment and atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pari Asadi
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, West Blvd, Azadi Sports Complex, Tehran, 1485613111, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Heidari
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Research and Innovation Division, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Elmi R, Nejaei A, Farshi A, Ramazani ME, Alaie E. Comparison of two methods of neutralization and wet air oxidation for treating wastewater spent caustic produced by oil refineries. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:854. [PMID: 34853947 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Today, problems of treating wastewater spent caustic produced by refinery units with high toxic compounds and chemical oxygen demand (COD) become concerns of many managers of these industries and environmental experts. Hence, emission without application of treatment methods will have adverse environmental impacts. In this study, two direct acid neutralization (DAN) and wet air oxidation (WAO) processes were selected to treatment the wastewater of the Bandar Abbas oil refinery in southern Iran. The aim was to reduce COD and harmful substances, compare the two methods, optimize processes, and evaluate their performance. Experimental experiments were performed in a reactor system with different input variables related to two different methods. Parameter optimization was performed based on Box-Behnken (BBD) method and Design Expert software. The analysis of the results based on statistical methods and response procedure diagrams was used to evaluate the status of COD changes to the parameters. The best operating conditions of temperature, pressure, residence time, and stoichiometric coefficient of air were 148.269 °C, 15.716 bar, 3.563 h, and 8.415 l/h respectively in WAO with 68% reduction in COD, and for DAN process, temperature, pH, and agitation speed were 30.082 °C, 2.008, and 203.672 rpm, respectively, with 43% reduction in COD. Results of rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) showed that WAO process with a higher score is a more environmentally friendly method and DAN process has been considered by experts due to its popularity, ease of testing, less equipment requirements, and lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghaye Elmi
- Department of Environment, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Nejaei
- Department of Environment, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Farshi
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
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Ebadi S, Ghasemipanah K, Alaie E, Rashidi A, Khataee A. COD removal from gasfield produced water using photoelectrocatalysis process on coil type microreactor. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mosmeri H, Gholami F, Shavandi M, Dastgheib SMM, Alaie E. Bioremediation of benzene-contaminated groundwater by calcium peroxide (CaO 2) nanoparticles: Continuous-flow and biodiversity studies. J Hazard Mater 2019; 371:183-190. [PMID: 30851671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium peroxide (CaO2) nanoparticles have been extensively applied in treatment of contaminated groundwater through bioremediation or modified Fenton (MF) processes. In the present study utilization of CaO2 in bioremediation and MF (CaO2+FeSO4) reaction is investigated for benzene (50 mg/L) removal in continuous flow sand-packed columns. The results indicated that MF produced OH radicals markedly increased benzene remediation at first 30 days (up to 93%). But, OH generation rate was gradually declined when the pH was increased and finally 75% of initial benzene removed after 100d. In bioremediation column, because of supplying adequate oxygen by CaO2, the number of planktonic bacteria logarithmically increased to more than 5 × 106 CFU/mL (two orders of magnitude) and consequently 100% benzene removal was achieved by the end of experiment. Scanning electron microscopy analysis visualized the attached biofilm growth on sand surfaces in CaO2 injected columns indicating their key role in the remediation process. The impact of each process on the microbial biodiversity of groundwater was investigated by next generation sequencing (NGS) of the 16S rRNA gene. The alpha and beta analysis indicated that microbial diversity is decreased by CaO2 injection while benzene-degrading species such as Silanimonas, Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas spp. were dominated in remediation column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mosmeri
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shavandi
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
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Mosmeri H, Gholami F, Shavandi M, Alaie E, Dastgheib SMM. Application of magnesium peroxide (MgO 2) nanoparticles for toluene remediation from groundwater: batch and column studies. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:31051-31061. [PMID: 30187405 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, magnesium peroxide (MgO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by electro-deposition process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the MgO2 half-life (600 mg/L) in groundwater under various temperatures (4, 15, and 30 °C) and initial pH (3, 7, and 12). The effect of Fe2+ ions (enhanced oxidation) on the toluene remediation by MgO2 was also investigated. Nanoparticles were injected to sand-packed continuous-flow columns, and toluene removal (50 ppm) was studied within 50 days at 15 °C. The results indicated that the half-life of MgO2 at pH 3 and 12 were 5 and 15 days, respectively, in comparison to 10 days at the initial pH 7 and 15 °C. The nanoparticles showed 20 and 7.5 days half-life at 4 and 30 °C temperatures, respectively. Injection of Fe2+ ions indicated an impressive effect on toluene removal by MgO2, and the contaminant was completely removed after 5 and 10 days, in the batch and column experiments, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) analysis indicated that the attached biofilm had a significant role in the decontamination of groundwater. Comparison of bioremediation and enhanced oxidation resulted in a considerable insight into the application of magnesium peroxide in groundwater remediation. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mosmeri
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, West Blvd. of Azadi sport Complex, P.O.Box: 14665-137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shavandi
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, West Blvd. of Azadi sport Complex, P.O.Box: 14665-137, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Phytoremediation is a new ecological and cost-effective technology applied for cleaning heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated (TPH-contaminated) soils. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) to phytoremediate cadmium (Cd (II)) from contaminated soils. To this end, the investigators applied a completely randomized design with the factorial arrangement and four replications. The results indicated that all the evaluated parameters of S. Marianum, including shoot and root fresh and dry weight, as well as shoot and root Cd, were significantly influenced by Cd (II) concentration and diesel oil (DO). The Cd-contaminated soil showed minor declining effects on the produced plant biomass, whereas the DO-contaminated soil had more inhibitory effects. Moreover, the soil contaminated with both Cd and DO led to adverse effects on the plant biomass. The shoot and root Cd concentration had an increasing trend in the presence of DO as the bioconcentration factor (BCF) by 1.740 (+90.78%), 1.410 (+36.89%), 2.050 (+31.41%), 1.68 (+32.28%), and 1.371 (+22.41%) compared to the soil without DO at Cd (II) concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Biological accumulation coefficient also showed the same trend as the BCF. In all the treatments, the translocation factor was >1. Therefore, it was demonstrated that milk thistle had high potential for transferring Cd from root to shoot and reducing its concentration in the soil. Moreover, the study revealed that milk thistle had high potential for absorbing Cd in the soil contaminated with Cd and DO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hammami
- a Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture , University of Birjand , Birjand , Iran
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- b Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Environment and Biotechnology Research Division , Tehran , Iran
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Noori A, Zare Maivan H, Alaie E, Newman LA. Leucanthemum vulgare lam. crude oil phytoremediation. Int J Phytoremediation 2018; 20:1292-1299. [PMID: 26121329 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1045122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sites with crude oil pollution have been successfully treated using phytoremediation, but expanding the range of plants that can be used and understanding how exposure impacts the plants are two areas of study that are important to continue. Leucanthemum vulgare has been shown to grow well under a variety of stressful conditions. To examine L. vulgare's ability to both survive crude oil exposure and to reduce crude oil concentrations in soil, plants were placed in soil containing 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, or 10% w/w crude oil. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration, peroxidase and catalase activity, proline and phenol content in roots and leaves were determined at the start of planting and every 2 months for 6 months. L. vulgare roots were successfully colonized with mycorrhizae under all conditions. Results showed positive correlation between antioxidant compound concentration and crude oil contamination. Also, a significant reduction occurred in TPH content of soil over time in planted pots as compared to controls. The lowest TPH content was recorded after 6 months under all treatments. Results showed L. vulgare could survive crude oil exposure and enhance reducing of crude oil from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Noori
- a Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Science , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
- b Department of Environmental and Forest Biology , State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry , Syracuse , New York , USA
- c Department of Biology , Merrimack College , North Andover , MA , USA
| | - Hassan Zare Maivan
- a Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Science , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- d Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) , Shahrak-e-Sadra , Tehran , Iran
| | - Lee A Newman
- b Department of Environmental and Forest Biology , State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry , Syracuse , New York , USA
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Mosmeri H, Alaie E, Shavandi M, Dastgheib SMM, Tasharrofi S. Benzene-contaminated groundwater remediation using calcium peroxide nanoparticles: synthesis and process optimization. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 189:452. [PMID: 28808820 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nano-size calcium peroxide (nCaO2) is an appropriate oxygen source which can meet the needs of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for contaminant remediation from groundwater. In the present study, an easy to handle procedure for synthesis of CaO2 nanoparticles has been investigated. Modeling and optimization of synthesis process was performed by application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD) method. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and FESEM techniques. The optimal synthesis conditions were found to be 5:1, 570 rpm and 10 °C for H2O2:CaSO2 ratio, mixing rate and reaction temperature, respectively. Predicted values showed to be in good agreement with experimental results (R 2 values were 0.915 and 0.965 for CaO2 weight and nanoparticle size, respectively). To study the efficiency of synthesized nanoparticles for benzene removal from groundwater, batch experiments were applied in biotic and abiotic (chemical removal) conditions by 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/L of nanoparticles within 70 days. Results indicated that application of 400 mg/L of CaO2 in biotic condition was able to remediate benzene completely from groundwater after 60 days. Furthermore, comparison of biotic and abiotic experiments showed a great potential of microbial stimulation using CaO2 nanoparticles in benzene remediation from groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mosmeri
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Environment and Biotechnology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Shavandi
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Group, Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Tasharrofi
- Ecology and Environmental Pollution Control Research Group, Environment and Biotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
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Talebi AF, Dastgheib SMM, Tirandaz H, Ghafari A, Alaie E, Tabatabaei M. Enhanced algal-based treatment of petroleum produced water and biodiesel production. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal-based treatment of petroleum produced water (PW) using an integrated strategy minimized the operating costs of bioremediation and bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hassan Tirandaz
- Environment and Biotechnology Research Division
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Akram Ghafari
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII)
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO)
- 31535-1897 Karaj
- Iran
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- Environment and Biotechnology Research Division
- Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII)
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO)
- 31535-1897 Karaj
- Iran
- Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam)
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Zamani J, Hajabbasi MA, Alaie E, Sepehri M, Leuchtmann A, Schulin R. The effect of Piriformospora indica on the root development of maize (Zea mays L.) and remediation of petroleum contaminated soil. Int J Phytoremediation 2016; 18:278-87. [PMID: 26366627 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1085831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As the depth of soil petroleum contamination can vary substantially under field conditions, a rhizotron experiment was performed to investigate the influence of endophyte, P. indica, on maize growth and degradation of petroleum components in a shallow and a deep-reaching subsurface layer of a soil. For control, a treatment without soil contamination was also included. The degree in contamination and the depth to which it extended had a strong effect on the growth of the plant roots. Contaminated soil layers severely inhibited root growth thus many roots preferred to bypass the shallow contaminated layer and grow in the uncontaminated soil. While the length and branching pattern of these roots were similar to those of uncontaminated treatment. Inoculation of maize with P. indica could improve root distribution and root and shoot growth in all three contamination treatments. This inoculation also enhanced petroleum degradation in soil, especially in the treatment with deep-reaching contamination, consequently the accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the plant tissues were increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Zamani
- a Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture , Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Hajabbasi
- a Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture , Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Ebrahim Alaie
- b N.I.O.C Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mozhgan Sepehri
- c Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran
| | | | - Rainer Schulin
- d Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) , Zürich , Switzerland
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Noori AS, Maivan HZ, Alaie E. Leucanthemum vulgare lam. germination, growth and mycorrhizal symbiosis under crude oil contamination. Int J Phytoremediation 2014; 16:962-970. [PMID: 24933896 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.810577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Oil contamination of soil limits plants' access to water and nutrients. Leucanthemum vulgare colonized by mycorrhizae could provide an effective tool in remedying oil contamination. Seeds of L. vulgare were planted in pots containing soil mixed with petroleum at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% w/w and propagules of mycorrhizal fungi. Plants were grown under ambient conditions for 16 weeks. Seed germination data were collected weekly for three weeks. Mycorrhizal percentage, spore counts, length and weight of roots and shoots were determined after harvesting. Results showed significant differences in seed germination rates between oil-treated, mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. The overall germination rate was greater at 7.5% w/w crude oil contamination (p = 0.05) in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal pots with significant differences between their respective Root:Shoot ratios (both length and weight). Results of this research showed L. vulgare could be germinated and grown in crude oil contaminated soils and could be used to augment plant establishment as part of phytoremediation practices.
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