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Carter DC, Kierzkowska O, Sarino K, Guo L, Marchi E, Lyon GJ. Ocular manifestations in a cohort of 43 patients with KBG syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63473. [PMID: 37964495 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Ophthalmological conditions are underreported in patients with KBG syndrome, which is classically described as presenting with dental, developmental, intellectual, skeletal, and craniofacial abnormalities. This study analyzed the prevalence of four ophthalmological conditions (strabismus, astigmatism, myopia, hyperopia) in 43 patients with KBG syndrome carrying variants in ANKRD11 or deletions in 16q24.3 and compared it to the literature. Forty-three patients were recruited via self-referral or a private Facebook group hosted by the KBG Foundation, with 40 of them having pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. Virtual interviews were conducted to collect a comprehensive medical history verified by medical records. From these records, data analysis was performed to calculate the prevalence of ophthalmological conditions. Out of the 40 participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, strabismus was reported in 9 (22.5%) participants, while astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia were reported in 11 (27.5%), 6 (15.0%), and 8 (20.0%) participants, respectively. Other reported conditions include anisometropia, amblyopia, and nystagmus. When compared to the literature, the prevalence of strabismus and refractive errors is higher than other studies. However, more research is needed to determine if variants in ANKRD11 play a role in abnormal development of the visual system. In patients with established KBG syndrome, screening for misalignment or refractive errors should be done, as interventions in patients with these conditions can improve functioning and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake C Carter
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Ola Kierzkowska
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Sarino
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Lily Guo
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Lesmann H, Hustinx A, Moosa S, Marchi E, Caro P, Abdelrazek IM, Pantel JT, Klinkhammer H, Hagen MT, Kamphans T, Meiswinkel W, Li JM, Javanmardi B, Knaus A, Uwineza A, Knopp C, Tkemaladze T, Elbracht M, Mattern L, Jamra RA, Velmans C, Strehlow V, Goel H, Nunes BC, Vilella T, Pinheiro IF, Kim CA, Melaragno MI, Barakat TS, Nabil A, Suh J, Averdunk L, Ekure E, Graziano C, Phowthongkum P, Güzel N, Haack TB, Brunet T, Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Platzer K, Borovikov A, Schnabel F, Heuft L, Herrmann V, Martinez-Monseny AF, Höller M, Alaaeldin K, Jezela-Stanek A, Mohamed A, Lasa-Aranzasti A, Sayer JA, Hu P, Ledgister Hanchard SE, Elmakkawy G, Safwat S, Ebstein F, Krüger E, Küry S, Arlt A, Marbach F, Netzer C, Kaptain S, Weiland H, Li D, Dupuis L, Mendoza-Londono R, Houge SD, Weis D, Chung BHY, Mak CCY, Devriendt K, Gripp KW, Mücke M, Verloes A, Schaaf CP, Nellåker C, Solomon BD, Waikel RL, Nöthen MM, Abdalla E, Lyon GJ, Krawitz PM, Hsieh TC. GestaltMatcher Database - A global reference for the facial phenotypic variability of rare human diseases. medRxiv 2024:2023.06.06.23290887. [PMID: 37503210 PMCID: PMC10371103 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.06.23290887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dysmorphologists sometimes encounter challenges in recognizing disorders due to phenotypic variability influenced by factors such as age and ethnicity. Moreover, the performance of Next Generation Phenotyping Tools such as GestaltMatcher is dependent on the diversity of the training set. Therefore, we developed GestaltMatcher Database (GMDB) - a global reference for the phenotypic variability of rare diseases that complies with the FAIR-principles. We curated dysmorphic patient images and metadata from 2,224 publications, transforming GMDB into an online dynamic case report journal. To encourage clinicians worldwide to contribute, each case can receive a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), making it a citable micro-publication. This resulted in a collection of 2,312 unpublished images, partly with longitudinal data. We have compiled a collection of 10,189 frontal images from 7,695 patients representing 683 disorders. The web interface enables gene- and phenotype-centered queries for registered users (https://db.gestaltmatcher.org/). Despite the predominant European ancestry of most patients (59%), our global collaborations have facilitated the inclusion of data from frequently underrepresented ethnicities, with 17% Asian, 4% African, and 6% with other ethnic backgrounds. The analysis has revealed a significant enhancement in GestaltMatcher performance across all ethnic groups, incorporating non-European ethnicities, showcasing a remarkable increase in Top-1-Accuracy by 31.56% and Top-5-Accuracy by 12.64%. Importantly, this improvement was achieved without altering the performance metrics for European patients. GMDB addresses dysmorphology challenges by representing phenotypic variability and including underrepresented groups, enhancing global diagnostic rates and serving as a vital clinician reference database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen Lesmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Hustinx
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahida Moosa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University and Medical Genetics, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elaine Marchi
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York State, Albany, USA
| | - Pilar Caro
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim M Abdelrazek
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jean Tori Pantel
- Institute for Digitalization and General Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Centre for Rare Diseases Aachen (ZSEA), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannah Klinkhammer
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Merle Ten Hagen
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Jing-Mei Li
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Behnam Javanmardi
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexej Knaus
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annette Uwineza
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, and University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Cordula Knopp
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tinatin Tkemaladze
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Givi Zhvania Pediatric Academic Clinic, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Larissa Mattern
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Clara Velmans
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vincent Strehlow
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Himanshu Goel
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
| | - Beatriz Carvalho Nunes
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thainá Vilella
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Chong Ae Kim
- Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Melaragno
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amira Nabil
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Julia Suh
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luisa Averdunk
- Department of Pediatrics, Universtiy Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ekanem Ekure
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Prasit Phowthongkum
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nergis Güzel
- Institut für Humangenetik und Genommedizin, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Theresa Brunet
- Institut für Humangenetik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | | | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Schnabel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lara Heuft
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vera Herrmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antonio F Martinez-Monseny
- Department of Clinical Genetics, SJD Barcelona Children's Hospital, Esplugues del Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Matthias Höller
- Institute for Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Khoshoua Alaaeldin
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amal Mohamed
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amaia Lasa-Aranzasti
- Medicine Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John A Sayer
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Renal Services, The Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Freeman Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ping Hu
- Division of Cancer prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | | | - Gehad Elmakkawy
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sylvia Safwat
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Frédéric Ebstein
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Elke Krüger
- Insitute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Annabelle Arlt
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Marbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Netzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sophia Kaptain
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hannah Weiland
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dong Li
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Lucie Dupuis
- Department to Paediatrics, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roberto Mendoza-Londono
- Department to Paediatrics, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital of Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sofia Douzgou Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Denisa Weis
- Institue for Medical Genetics, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Brian Hon-Yin Chung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher C Y Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Karen W Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics, A.I. du Pont Hospital for Children/Nemours, USA, Wilmington, USA
| | - Martin Mücke
- Institute for Digitalization and General Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Centre for Rare Diseases Aachen (ZSEA), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alain Verloes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Christoffer Nellåker
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Medical Genomics Unit, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | - Rebekah L Waikel
- Medical Genomics Unit, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter M Krawitz
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tzung-Chien Hsieh
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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3
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Makwana R, Christ C, Marchi E, Harpell R, Lyon GJ. Longitudinal Adaptive Behavioral Outcomes in Ogden Syndrome by Seizure Status and Therapeutic Intervention. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.23.24303144. [PMID: 38585745 PMCID: PMC10996826 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.23.24303144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Ogden syndrome, also known as NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, is a rare genetic condition associated with pathogenic variants in the NAA10 N-terminal acetylation family of proteins. The condition was initially described in 2011, and is characterized by a range of neurologic symptoms, including intellectual disability and seizures, as well as developmental delays, psychiatric symptoms, congenital heart abnormalities, hypotonia and others. Previously published articles have described the etiology and phenotype of Ogden syndrome, mostly with retrospective analyses; herein, we report prospective data concerning its progress over time. Additionally, we describe the nature of seizures in this condition in greater detail, as well as investigate how already-available non-pharmaceutical therapies impact individuals with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome. Using Vineland-3 scores, we show decline in cognitive function over time in individuals with Ogden syndrome. Sub-domain analysis found the decline to be present across all modalities. Additional investigation between seizure and non-seizure groups showed no significant difference in adaptive behavior outcomes. Therapy investigation showed speech therapy to be the most commonly used therapy by individuals with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, followed by occupational and physical therapy. with more severely affected individuals receiving more types of therapy than their less-severe counterparts. Early intervention analysis was only significantly effective for speech therapy, with analyses of all other therapies being non-significant. Our study portrays the decline in cognitive function over time of individuals within our cohort, independent of seizure status and therapies being received, and highlights the urgent need for the development of effective treatments for Ogden syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikhil Makwana
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Carolina Christ
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Randie Harpell
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, United States of America
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4
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Patel R, Park AY, Marchi E, Gropman AL, Whitehead MT, Lyon GJ. Ophthalmic Manifestations of NAA10-Related and NAA15-Related Neurodevelopmental Syndrome: Analysis of Cortical Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.01.24302161. [PMID: 38352572 PMCID: PMC10862986 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.24302161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
NAA10-related and NAA15-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, otherwise known as Ogden Syndrome, is known to present with varying degrees of intellectual disability, hypotonia, congenital cardiac abnormalities, seizures, and delayed speech and motor development. However, the ophthalmic manifestations of NAA10 and NAA15 mutations are not yet fully characterized or understood. This study analyzed the prevalence of six ophthalmic conditions (cortical visual impairment, myopia, hyperopia, strabismus, nystagmus, and astigmatism) in 67 patients with pathogenic mutations in the NAA10 cohort (54 inherited, 10 de novo; 65 missense, 2 frameshift) and 19 patients with pathogenic mutations in the NAA15 cohort (18 de novo; 8 frameshift, 4 missense, 4 nonsense, and 1 splice site). Patients were interviewed virtually or in-person to collect a comprehensive medical history verified by medical records. These records were then analyzed to calculate the prevalence of these ophthalmic manifestations in each cohort. Analysis revealed a higher prevalence of ophthalmic conditions in our NAA10 cohort compared to existing literature (myopia 25.4% vs. 4.7%; astigmatism 37.3% vs. 13.2%; strabismus 28.4% vs. 3.8%; CVI 22.4% vs. 8.5%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were identified between the NAA10 and NAA15 mutations. Our study includes novel neuroimaging of 13 NAA10 and 5 NAA15 probands, which provides no clear correlation between globe size and severity of comorbid ophthalmic disease. Finally, anecdotal evidence was compiled to underscore the importance of early ophthalmologic evaluations and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahi Patel
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Agnes Y. Park
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea L. Gropman
- Division of Neurogenetics and Developmental Pediatrics, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, US
| | - Matthew T. Whitehead
- Division of Neuroradiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, United States of America
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Lyon GJ, Longo J, Garcia A, Inusa F, Marchi E, Shi D, Dörfel M, Arnesen T, Aldabe R, Lyons S, Nashat MA, Bolton D. Evaluating possible maternal effect lethality and genetic background effects in Naa10 knockout mice. bioRxiv 2024:2023.04.27.538618. [PMID: 37163119 PMCID: PMC10168333 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.27.538618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Amino-terminal (Nt-) acetylation (NTA) is a common protein modification, affecting approximately 80% of all human proteins. The human essential X-linked gene, NAA10, encodes for the enzyme NAA10, which is the catalytic subunit in the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex. There is extensive genetic variation in humans with missense, splice-site, and C-terminal frameshift variants in NAA10. In mice, Naa10 is not an essential gene, as there exists a paralogous gene, Naa12, that substantially rescues Naa10 knockout mice from embryonic lethality, whereas double knockouts (Naa10-/Y Naa12-/-) are embryonic lethal. However, the phenotypic variability in the mice is nonetheless quite extensive, including piebaldism, skeletal defects, small size, hydrocephaly, hydronephrosis, and neonatal lethality. Here we replicate these phenotypes with new genetic alleles in mice, but we demonstrate their modulation by genetic background and environmental effects. We cannot replicate a prior report of "maternal effect lethality" for heterozygous Naa10-/X female mice, but we do observe a small amount of embryonic lethality in the Naa10-/Y male mice on the inbred genetic background in this different animal facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholson J. Lyon
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Longo
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Garcia
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Fatima Inusa
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Shi
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Max Dörfel
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Woodbury, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rafael Aldabe
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Scott Lyons
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Woodbury, New York, USA
| | - Melissa A. Nashat
- Human Genetics Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - David Bolton
- Molecular Biology Department, New York State Institute for Basic Research (IBR) in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
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Kleyner R, Ung N, Arif M, Marchi E, Amble K, Gavin M, Madrid R, Lyon G. ITPR1-associated spinocerebellar ataxia with craniofacial features-additional evidence for germline mosaicism. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2023; 9:a006303. [PMID: 37821226 PMCID: PMC10815276 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1) is an endoplasmic reticulum-bound intracellular inositol triphosphate receptor involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Pathogenic variants in ITPR1 are associated with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 15/16 and 29 and have recently been implicated in a facial microsomia syndrome. In this report, we present a family with three affected individuals found to have a heterozygous missense c.800C > T (predicted p.Thr267Met) who present clinically with a SCA29-like syndrome. All three individuals presented with varying degrees of ataxia, developmental delay, and apparent intellectual disability, as well as craniofacial involvement-an uncommon finding in patients with SCA29. The variant was identified using clinical exome sequencing and validated with Sanger sequencing. It is presumed to be inherited via parental germline mosaicism. We present our findings to provide additional evidence for germline mosaic inheritance of SCA29, as well as to expand the clinical phenotype of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kleyner
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8122, USA
| | - Nathaniel Ung
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Division of Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Karen Amble
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Maureen Gavin
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Ricardo Madrid
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Gholson Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA;
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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7
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Kierzkowska O, Sarino K, Carter D, Guo L, Marchi E, Voronova A, Lyon GJ. Documentation and prevalence of prenatal and neonatal outcomes in a cohort of individuals with KBG syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:2364-2375. [PMID: 37226940 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ankyrin Repeat Domain 11 (ANKRD11) gene mutations are associated with KBG syndrome, a developmental disability that affects multiple organ systems. The function of ANKRD11 in human growth and development is not clear, but gene knockout or mutation are lethal in mice embryos and/or pups. In addition, it plays a vital role in chromatin regulation and transcription. Individuals with KBG syndrome are often misdiagnosed or remain undiagnosed until later in life. This is largely due to KBG syndrome's varying and nonspecific phenotypes as well as a lack of accessible genetic testing and prenatal screening. This study documents perinatal outcomes for individuals with KBG syndrome. We obtained data from 42 individuals through videoconferences, medical records, and emails. 45.2% of our cohort was born by C-section, 33.3% had a congenital heart defect, 23.8% were born prematurely, 23.8% were admitted to the NICU, 14.3% were small for gestational age, and 14.3% of the families had a history of miscarriage. These rates were higher in our cohort compared to the overall population, including non-Hispanic and Hispanic populations. Other reports included feeding difficulties (21.4%), neonatal jaundice (14.3%), decreased fetal movement (7.1%), and pleural effusions in utero (4.7%). Comprehensive perinatal studies about KBG syndrome and updated documentation of its phenotypes are important in ensuring prompt diagnosis and can facilitate correct management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Kierzkowska
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen Sarino
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Drake Carter
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Lily Guo
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Anastassia Voronova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, USA
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8
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Lyon GJ, Vedaie M, Beisheim T, Park A, Marchi E, Gottlieb L, Hsieh TC, Klinkhammer H, Sandomirsky K, Cheng H, Starr LJ, Preddy I, Tseng M, Li Q, Hu Y, Wang K, Carvalho A, Martinez F, Caro-Llopis A, Gavin M, Amble K, Krawitz P, Marmorstein R, Herr-Israel E. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome and NAA15-related neurodevelopmental syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:824-833. [PMID: 37130971 PMCID: PMC10325952 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino-terminal (Nt-) acetylation (NTA) is a common protein modification, affecting 80% of cytosolic proteins in humans. The human essential gene, NAA10, encodes for the enzyme NAA10, which is the catalytic subunit in the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex, also including the accessory protein, NAA15. The full spectrum of human genetic variation in this pathway is currently unknown. Here we reveal the genetic landscape of variation in NAA10 and NAA15 in humans. Through a genotype-first approach, one clinician interviewed the parents of 56 individuals with NAA10 variants and 19 individuals with NAA15 variants, which were added to all known cases (N = 106 for NAA10 and N = 66 for NAA15). Although there is clinical overlap between the two syndromes, functional assessment demonstrates that the overall level of functioning for the probands with NAA10 variants is significantly lower than the probands with NAA15 variants. The phenotypic spectrum includes variable levels of intellectual disability, delayed milestones, autism spectrum disorder, craniofacial dysmorphology, cardiac anomalies, seizures, and visual abnormalities (including cortical visual impairment and microphthalmia). One female with the p.Arg83Cys variant and one female with an NAA15 frameshift variant both have microphthalmia. The frameshift variants located toward the C-terminal end of NAA10 have much less impact on overall functioning, whereas the females with the p.Arg83Cys missense in NAA10 have substantial impairment. The overall data are consistent with a phenotypic spectrum for these alleles, involving multiple organ systems, thus revealing the widespread effect of alterations of the NTA pathway in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marall Vedaie
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Travis Beisheim
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Agnes Park
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tzung-Chien Hsieh
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hannah Klinkhammer
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katherine Sandomirsky
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | | | - Lois J Starr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Isabelle Preddy
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Marcellus Tseng
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G2C1, Canada
| | - Yu Hu
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ana Carvalho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Pediatric Hospital, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Unidad de Genetica, Hospital Universitario y Politecnico La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Caro-Llopis
- Grupo de Investigacion Traslacional en Genetica, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maureen Gavin
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Karen Amble
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Peter Krawitz
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ellen Herr-Israel
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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9
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Sandomirsky K, Marchi E, Gavin M, Amble K, Lyon GJ. Phenotypic variability and gastrointestinal manifestations/interventions for growth in NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1293-1300. [PMID: 36810866 PMCID: PMC10364991 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Our study of 61 children with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome, an X-linked disorder due to NAA10 gene variants, demonstrated a high prevalence of growth failure, with weight and height percentiles often in the failure-to-thrive diagnostic range; however, dramatic weight fluctuations and phenotypic variability is evidenced in the growth parameters of this population. Although never previously explored in depth, the gastrointestinal pathology associated with NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome includes feeding difficulties in infancy, dysphagia, GERD/silent reflux, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, bowel incontinence, and presence of eosinophils on esophageal endoscopy, in order from most to least prevalent. Additionally, the gastrointestinal symptom profile for children with this syndrome has been expanded to include eosinophilic esophagitis, cyclic vomiting syndrome, Mallory Weiss tears, abdominal migraine, esophageal dilation, and subglottic stenosis. Although the exact cause of poor growth in NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome probands is unclear and the degree of contribution to this problem by GI symptomatology remains uncertain, an analysis including nine G-tube or GJ-tube fed probands demonstrates that G/GJ-tubes are overall efficacious with respect to improvements in weight gain and caregiving. The choice to insert a gastrostomy or gastrojejunal tube to aid with weight gain is often a challenging decision to make for parents, who may alternatively choose to rely on oral feeding, caloric supplementation, calorie tracking, and feeding therapy. In this case, if NAA10-related neurodevelopmental syndrome children are not tracking above the failure to thrive (FTT) range past 1 year of age despite such efforts, the treating physicians should be consulted regarding possibly undergoing G-tube placement to avoid prolonged growth failure. If G-tubes are not immediately inducing weight gain after insertion, recommendations could include altering formula, increasing caloric input, or exchanging a G-tube for a GJ-tube by means of a minimally invasive procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Sandomirsky
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Maureen Gavin
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Karen Amble
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Guo L, Park J, Yi E, Marchi E, Hsieh TC, Kibalnyk Y, Moreno-Sáez Y, Biskup S, Puk O, Beger C, Li Q, Wang K, Voronova A, Krawitz PM, Lyon GJ. KBG syndrome: videoconferencing and use of artificial intelligence driven facial phenotyping in 25 new patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:1244-1254. [PMID: 35970914 PMCID: PMC9626563 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in Ankyrin Repeat Domain 11 (ANKRD11) and deletions in 16q24.3 are known to cause KBG syndrome, a rare syndrome associated with craniofacial, intellectual, and neurobehavioral anomalies. We report 25 unpublished individuals from 22 families with molecularly confirmed diagnoses. Twelve individuals have de novo variants, three have inherited variants, and one is inherited from a parent with low-level mosaicism. The mode of inheritance was unknown for nine individuals. Twenty are truncating variants, and the remaining five are missense (three of which are found in one family). We present a protocol emphasizing the use of videoconference and artificial intelligence (AI) in collecting and analyzing data for this rare syndrome. A single clinician interviewed 25 individuals throughout eight countries. Participants' medical records were reviewed, and data was uploaded to the Human Disease Gene website using Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. Photos of the participants were analyzed by the GestaltMatcher and DeepGestalt, Face2Gene platform (FDNA Inc, USA) algorithms. Within our cohort, common traits included short stature, macrodontia, anteverted nares, wide nasal bridge, wide nasal base, thick eyebrows, synophrys and hypertelorism. Behavioral issues and global developmental delays were widely present. Neurologic abnormalities including seizures and/or EEG abnormalities were common (44%), suggesting that early detection and seizure prophylaxis could be an important point of intervention. Almost a quarter (24%) were diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 28% were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Based on the data, we provide a set of recommendations regarding diagnostic and treatment approaches for KBG syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Guo
- grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA
| | - Jiyeon Park
- grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA
| | - Edward Yi
- grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA
| | - Tzung-Chien Hsieh
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yana Kibalnyk
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada ,grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XDepartment of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | | | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH, Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Puk
- CeGaT GmbH, Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carmela Beger
- grid.512442.40000 0004 0553 6293MVZ Labor Krone GbR, Filialpraxis für Humangenetik, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Quan Li
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G2C1 Canada
| | - Kai Wang
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Anastassia Voronova
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada ,grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XDepartment of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Peter M. Krawitz
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA ,grid.420001.70000 0000 9813 9625George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA ,grid.212340.60000000122985718Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY USA
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11
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Zacharopoulou P, Marchi E, Ogbe A, Robinson N, Brown H, Jones M, Parolini L, Pace M, Grayson N, Kaleebu P, Rees H, Fidler S, Goulder P, Klenerman P, Frater J. Expression of type I interferon-associated genes at antiretroviral therapy interruption predicts HIV virological rebound. Sci Rep 2022; 12:462. [PMID: 35013427 PMCID: PMC8748440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although certain individuals with HIV infection can stop antiretroviral therapy (ART) without viral load rebound, the mechanisms under-pinning 'post-treatment control' remain unclear. Using RNA-Seq we explored CD4 T cell gene expression to identify evidence of a mechanism that might underpin virological rebound and lead to discovery of associated biomarkers. Fourteen female participants who received 12 months of ART starting from primary HIV infection were sampled at the time of stopping therapy. Two analysis methods (Differential Gene Expression with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis) were employed to interrogate CD4+ T cell gene expression data and study pathways enriched in post-treatment controllers versus early rebounders. Using independent analysis tools, expression of genes associated with type I interferon responses were associated with a delayed time to viral rebound following treatment interruption (TI). Expression of four genes identified by Cox-Lasso (ISG15, XAF1, TRIM25 and USP18) was converted to a Risk Score, which associated with rebound (p < 0.01). These data link transcriptomic signatures associated with innate immunity with control following stopping ART. The results from this small sample need to be confirmed in larger trials, but could help define strategies for new therapies and identify new biomarkers for remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zacharopoulou
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Marchi
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Ogbe
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Robinson
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - H Brown
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M Jones
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L Parolini
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M Pace
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N Grayson
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - H Rees
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute of the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S Fidler
- Division of Medicine, Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - P Goulder
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - J Frater
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
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12
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Kleyner R, Mohammad A, Marchi E, Horowitz N, Haworth A, King B, Amble K, Gavin M, Velinov M, Lyon GJ. Autosomal recessive SLC30A9 variants in a Proband with a Cerebro-Renal Syndrome and No Parental Consanguinity. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 8:mcs.a006137. [PMID: 34716203 PMCID: PMC8958918 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An SLC30A9-associated cerebrorenal syndrome was first reported in consanguineous Bedouin kindred by Perez et al. in 2017. Although the function of the gene has not yet been fully elucidated, it may be implicated in Wnt signaling and nuclear regulation, as well as in cell and mitochondrial zinc regulation. In this research report, we present a female proband with two distinct, inherited autosomal recessive loss-of-function SLC30A9 variants from unrelated parents. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a possible SLC30A9-associated cerebrorenal syndrome in a nonconsanguineous family. Furthermore, a limited statistical analysis was conducted to identify possible allele frequency differences between populations. Our findings provide further support for an SLC30A9-associated cerebrorenal syndrome and may help clarify the gene's function through its possible disease association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kleyner
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Arif Mohammad
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Naomi Horowitz
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | | | | | - Karen Amble
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Maureen Gavin
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Milen Velinov
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities;
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13
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Kweon HY, Lee MN, Dorfel M, Seo S, Gottlieb L, PaPazyan T, McTiernan N, Ree R, Bolton D, Garcia A, Flory M, Crain J, Sebold A, Lyons S, Ismail A, Marchi E, Sonn SK, Jeong SJ, Jeon S, Ju S, Conway SJ, Kim T, Kim HS, Lee C, Roh TY, Arnesen T, Marmorstein R, Oh GT, Lyon GJ. Naa12 compensates for Naa10 in mice in the amino-terminal acetylation pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e65952. [PMID: 34355692 PMCID: PMC8376253 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino-terminal acetylation is catalyzed by a set of N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). The NatA complex (including X-linked Naa10 and Naa15) is the major acetyltransferase, with 40-50% of all mammalian proteins being potential substrates. However, the overall role of amino-terminal acetylation on a whole-organism level is poorly understood, particularly in mammals. Male mice lacking Naa10 show no globally apparent in vivo amino-terminal acetylation impairment and do not exhibit complete embryonic lethality. Rather Naa10 nulls display increased neonatal lethality, and the majority of surviving undersized mutants exhibit a combination of hydrocephaly, cardiac defects, homeotic anterior transformation, piebaldism, and urogenital anomalies. Naa12 is a previously unannotated Naa10-like paralog with NAT activity that genetically compensates for Naa10. Mice deficient for Naa12 have no apparent phenotype, whereas mice deficient for Naa10 and Naa12 display embryonic lethality. The discovery of Naa12 adds to the currently known machinery involved in amino-terminal acetylation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyae Yon Kweon
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ni Lee
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center Korea ResearchInstitute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Max Dorfel
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Thomas PaPazyan
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Nina McTiernan
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Rasmus Ree
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - David Bolton
- Department of Molecular Biology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Andrew Garcia
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Michael Flory
- Research Design and Analysis Service, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Jonathan Crain
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Alison Sebold
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Scott Lyons
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Seong-keun Sonn
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Sejin Jeon
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Shinyeong Ju
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisUnited States
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Converging Science and Technology, KHU-KIST, Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New YorkNew YorkUnited States
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
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14
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Cheng H, Gottlieb L, Marchi E, Kleyner R, Bhardwaj P, Rope AF, Rosenheck S, Moutton S, Philippe C, Eyaid W, Alkuraya FS, Toribio J, Mena R, Prada CE, Stessman H, Bernier R, Wermuth M, Kauffmann B, Blaumeiser B, Kooy RF, Baralle D, Mancini GMS, Conway SJ, Xia F, Chen Z, Meng L, Mihajlovic L, Marmorstein R, Lyon GJ. Phenotypic and biochemical analysis of an international cohort of individuals with variants in NAA10 and NAA15. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:877-878. [PMID: 32027362 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Robert Kleyner
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Puja Bhardwaj
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Alan F Rope
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA.,Genome Medical, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sarah Rosenheck
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique, Innovation Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares UF6254, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University-Health Science, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janet Toribio
- Division of Cardiology, CEDIMAT, Santo Domingo 51000, Dominican Republic
| | - Rafael Mena
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Centro de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Division Of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marieke Wermuth
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kauffmann
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK.,Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | | | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA.,Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
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15
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Lyon GJ, Marchi E, Ekstein J, Meiner V, Hirsch Y, Scher S, Yang E, De Vivo DC, Madrid R, Li Q, Wang K, Haworth A, Chilton I, Chung WK, Velinov M. VAC14 syndrome in two siblings with retinitis pigmentosa and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a003715. [PMID: 31387860 PMCID: PMC6913149 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify the genetic etiology of a rapidly progressing neurological disease present in two of six siblings with early childhood onset of severe progressive spastic paraparesis and learning disabilities. A homozygous mutation (c.2005G>T, p, V669L) was found in VAC14, and the clinical phenotype is consistent with the recently described VAC14-related striatonigral degeneration, childhood-onset syndrome (SNDC) (MIM#617054). However, the phenotype includes a distinct clinical presentation of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), which has not previously been reported in association with VAC14 mutations. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed abnormal magnetic susceptibility in the globus pallidus, which can be seen in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). RP is a group of inherited retinal diseases with phenotypic/genetic heterogeneity, and the pathophysiologic basis of RP is not completely understood but is thought to be due to a primary retinal photoreceptor cell degenerative process. Most cases of RP are seen in isolation (nonsyndromic); this is a report of RP in two siblings with VAC14-associated syndrome, and it is suggested that a connection between RP and VAC14-associated syndrome should be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholson J Lyon
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Joseph Ekstein
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, New York 11211, USA
| | - Vardiella Meiner
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.,Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Yoel Hirsch
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, New York 11211, USA
| | - Sholem Scher
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, New York 11211, USA
| | - Edward Yang
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, The Neurological Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Ricardo Madrid
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Andrea Haworth
- Congenica Ltd, Biodata Innovation Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Ilana Chilton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Milen Velinov
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
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16
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Cheng H, Capponi S, Wakeling E, Marchi E, Li Q, Zhao M, Weng C, Piatek SG, Ahlfors H, Kleyner R, Rope A, Lumaka A, Lukusa P, Devriendt K, Vermeesch J, Posey JE, Palmer EE, Murray L, Leon E, Diaz J, Worgan L, Mallawaarachchi A, Vogt J, de Munnik SA, Dreyer L, Baynam G, Ewans L, Stark Z, Lunke S, Gonçalves AR, Soares G, Oliveira J, Fassi E, Willing M, Waugh JL, Faivre L, Riviere JB, Moutton S, Mohammed S, Payne K, Walsh L, Begtrup A, Sacoto MJG, Douglas G, Alexander N, Buckley MF, Mark PR, Adès LC, Sandaradura SA, Lupski JR, Roscioli T, Agrawal PB, Kline AD, Wang K, Timmers HTM, Lyon GJ. Missense variants in TAF1 and developmental phenotypes: challenges of determining pathogenicity. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:10.1002/humu.23936. [PMID: 31646703 PMCID: PMC7187541 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We recently described a new neurodevelopmental syndrome (TAF1/MRXS33 intellectual disability syndrome) (MIM# 300966) caused by pathogenic variants involving the X-linked gene TAF1, which participates in RNA polymerase II transcription. The initial study reported eleven families, and the syndrome was defined as presenting early in life with hypotonia, facial dysmorphia, and developmental delay that evolved into intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We have now identified an additional 27 families through a genotype-first approach. Familial segregation analysis, clinical phenotyping, and bioinformatics were capitalized on to assess potential variant pathogenicity, and molecular modelling was performed for those variants falling within structurally characterized domains of TAF1. A novel phenotypic clustering approach was also applied, in which the phenotypes of affected individuals were classified using 51 standardized Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. Phenotypes associated with TAF1 variants show considerable pleiotropy and clinical variability, but prominent among previously unreported effects were brain morphological abnormalities, seizures, hearing loss, and heart malformations. Our allelic series broadens the phenotypic spectrum of TAF1/MRXS33 intellectual disability syndrome and the range of TAF1 molecular defects in humans. It also illustrates the challenges for determining the pathogenicity of inherited missense variants, particularly for genes mapping to chromosome X. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Simona Capponi
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York
| | - Quan Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mengge Zhao
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Stefan G. Piatek
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Helena Ahlfors
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert Kleyner
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Alan Rope
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon
- Genome Medical, South San Francisco, California
| | - Aimé Lumaka
- Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, GIGA-R, Laboratory of Human Genetics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, DR Congo
- Centre for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - Prosper Lukusa
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, DR Congo
- Centre for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Vermeesch
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth E. Palmer
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucinda Murray
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eyby Leon
- Rare Disease Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jullianne Diaz
- Rare Disease Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lisa Worgan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amali Mallawaarachchi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women’s and Children’s Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sonja A. de Munnik
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Dreyer
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Ewans
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian Lunke
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ana R. Gonçalves
- Center for Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto de Magalhāes, Hospital and University Center of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Soares
- Center for Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto de Magalhāes, Hospital and University Center of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- Center for Medical Genetics Dr. Jacinto de Magalhāes, Hospital and University Center of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- unIGENe, and Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics (CGPP), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Institute of Health Research and Innovation (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emily Fassi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Michigan
| | - Marcia Willing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Michigan
| | - Jeff L. Waugh
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Laurence Faivre
- INSERM U1231, LNC UMR1231 GAD, Burgundy University, Dijon, France
| | | | - Sebastien Moutton
- INSERM U1231, LNC UMR1231 GAD, Burgundy University, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Katelyn Payne
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Laurence Walsh
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael F. Buckley
- New South Wales Health Pathology Genomic Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul R. Mark
- Spectrum Health Division of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Lesley C. Adès
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Sandaradura
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James R. Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Tony Roscioli
- New South Wales Health Pathology Genomic Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Divisions of Newborn Medicine and Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Maryland
| | - Antonie D. Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Kai Wang
- Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - H. T. Marc Timmers
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, New York
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York
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17
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Cheng H, Gottlieb L, Marchi E, Kleyner R, Bhardwaj P, Rope AF, Rosenheck S, Moutton S, Philippe C, Eyaid W, Alkuraya FS, Toribio J, Mena R, Prada CE, Stessman H, Bernier R, Wermuth M, Kauffmann B, Blaumeiser B, Kooy RF, Baralle D, Mancini GMS, Conway SJ, Xia F, Chen Z, Meng L, Mihajlovic L, Marmorstein R, Lyon GJ. Phenotypic and biochemical analysis of an international cohort of individuals with variants in NAA10 and NAA15. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2900-2919. [PMID: 31127942 PMCID: PMC6736318 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-alpha-acetylation is one of the most common co-translational protein modifications in humans and is essential for normal cell function. NAA10 encodes for the enzyme NAA10, which is the catalytic subunit in the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex. The auxiliary and regulatory subunits of the NatA complex are NAA15 and Huntington-interacting protein (HYPK), respectively. Through a genotype-first approach with exome sequencing, we identified and phenotypically characterized 30 individuals from 30 unrelated families with 17 different de novo or inherited, dominantly acting missense variants in NAA10 or NAA15. Clinical features of affected individuals include variable levels of intellectual disability, delayed speech and motor milestones and autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, some subjects present with mild craniofacial dysmorphology, congenital cardiac anomalies and seizures. One of the individuals is an 11-year-old boy with a frameshift variant in exon 7 of NAA10, who presents most notably with microphthalmia, which confirms a prior finding with a single family with Lenz microphthalmia syndrome. Biochemical analyses of variants as part of the human NatA complex, as well as enzymatic analyses with and without the HYPK regulatory subunit, help to explain some of the phenotypic differences seen among the different variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Robert Kleyner
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Puja Bhardwaj
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Alan F Rope
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA
- Genome Medical, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sarah Rosenheck
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Innovation Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares UF6254, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University—Health Science, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janet Toribio
- Division of Cardiology, CEDIMAT, Santo Domingo 51000, Dominican Republic
| | - Rafael Mena
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Centro de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- Division Of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marieke Wermuth
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kauffmann
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | | | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
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Ma H, Marchi E, Cheng B, O'Connor O. SURVIVAL BENEFIT WITH NOVEL AGENTS IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMAS (PTCL): THE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY EXPERIENCE. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.151_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ma
- Hematology/Oncology; New York Presbyterian Hospital - Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - E. Marchi
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - B. Cheng
- Biostatistics; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - O.A. O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
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Falchi L, Lue J, Montanari F, Marchi E, Amengual J, Sawas A, Deng C, Khan K, Kim H, Rada A, Malanga M, Francescone M, Soderquist C, Park D, Bhagat G, Sokol L, Shustov A, O'Connor O. TARGETING THE PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMA (PTCL) EPIGENOME WITH ORAL 5-AZACYTIDINE AND ROMIDEPSIN: RESULTS AND CLINICAL-MOLECULAR CORRELATIONS FROM A PHASE 2 STUDY. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.135_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Falchi
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - J.K. Lue
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - F. Montanari
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - E. Marchi
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - J.E. Amengual
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - A. Sawas
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - C. Deng
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - K. Khan
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - H.A. Kim
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - A. Rada
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - M. Malanga
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - M.F. Francescone
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - C.R. Soderquist
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - D.C. Park
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - G. Bhagat
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - L. Sokol
- Malignant Hematology; Moffitt Cancer Center/University of South Florida; Tampa United States
| | - A.R. Shustov
- Medicine; University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle United States
| | - O.A. O'Connor
- Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
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20
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Marchi E, Tobinai K, Maruyama D, Nagai H, O'Connor O. ANALYSIS OF PUBLISHED TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY (R/R) PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMA (PTCL): AN EVIDENCE BASED DECISION MAKING APPROACH. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.153_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Marchi
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
| | - K. Tobinai
- Department of Hematology; National Cancer Center Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - D. Maruyama
- Department of Hematology; National Cancer Center Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Nagai
- Hematology/Oncology Research; National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center; Nagoya Japan
| | - O.A. O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York United States
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21
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Barbanti M, Calanni F, Milani MR, Marchi E, Semeraro N, Colucci M. Therapeutic Effect of a Low Molecular Weight Dermatan Sulphate (Desmin 370) in Rat Venous Thrombosis - Evidence for an Anticoagulant-Independent Mechanism. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1651571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryWe evaluated the capacity of a low molecular weight dermatan sulphate (D370) to prevent thrombus formation and to induce a reduction of a stabilized thrombus in a rat venous thrombosis model. Injection of D370, 10 min before induction of venous stasis (prevention model), prevented thrombus formation in a dose-dependent way (ED50: 2.3 mg/kg). When given to rats 6 h after induction of venous stasis (therapeutic model), D370 caused a time- and dose-dependent reduction in thrombus size (60% to 70% reduction 2 h after injection of 10 mg/kg). At comparable antithrombotic dosages (i.e. minimum dose giving complete inhibition of thrombus formation), heparin (0.5 mg/kg) only caused 40% reduction of a preformed thrombus while hirudin (1 mg/kg) was virtually ineffective (less than 10% reduction in weight). All three compounds inhibited 125I-fibrin(ogen) deposition on 6-h aged thrombi by more than 85%, suggesting that D370 and, to a lesser extent, heparin reduce thrombus size via mechanisms other than inhibition of thrombus accretion. The involvement of a fibrinolysis-mediated mechanism in the D370-induced effect is suggested by the following. EACA (1 g/kg), when given to thrombus-bearing control animals, did not influence thrombus weight. However, when administered before D370 treatment, it prevented the expected reduction in thrombus weight by more than 80%, without influencing the effect of D370 on 125I-fibrin(ogen) accumulation onto preexisting thrombi. D370 injection caused neither an enhancement of fibrinolytic activity nor a reduction of PAI in plasma. In vitro, D370 (200 μg/ml) was unable to potentiate the spontaneous or PA-induced lysis of 125I-fibrinogen labelled blood, plasma, or purified fibrin clots. It is suggested that prevention of thrombus formation by D370 is related mainly to inhibition of blood coagulation, whereas reduction of the weight of aged thrombi is primarily due to an anticoagulant-independent mechanism, most probably involving local enhancement of the fibrinolytic process. D370 may represent an alternative pharmacologic agent both in the prevention and in the therapy of venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barbanti
- Alfa Wassermann, Bologna, University of Bari, Italy
| | - F Calanni
- Alfa Wassermann, Bologna, University of Bari, Italy
| | - M R Milani
- Alfa Wassermann, Bologna, University of Bari, Italy
| | - E Marchi
- Alfa Wassermann, Bologna, University of Bari, Italy
| | - N Semeraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of General Pathology, University of Bari, Italy
| | - M Colucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of General Pathology, University of Bari, Italy
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22
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Quadros EV, Sequeira JM, Brown WT, Mevs C, Marchi E, Flory M, Jenkins EC, Velinov MT, Cohen IL. Folate receptor autoantibodies are prevalent in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, their normal siblings and parents. Autism Res 2018; 11:707-712. [PMID: 29394471 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Folate deficiency can affect fetal and neonatal brain development Considering the reported association of Folate receptor alpha (FRα) autoantibodies (Abs) with autism and developmental disorders, we sought to confirm this in families of 82 children with ASD, 53 unaffected siblings, 65 fathers, and 70 mothers, along with 52 unrelated normal controls. Overall, 76% of the affected children, 75% of the unaffected siblings, 69% of fathers and 59% of mothers were positive for either blocking or binding Ab, whereas the prevalence of this Ab in the normal controls was 29%. The Ab was highly prevalent in affected families including unaffected siblings. The appearance of these antibodies may have a familial origin but the risk of developing ASD is likely influenced by other mitigating factors since some siblings who had the antibodies were not affected. The antibody response appears heritable with the blocking autoantibody in the parents and affected child increasing the risk of ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 707-712. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY Folate is an essential nutrient during fetal and infant development. Autoantibodies against the folate receptor alpha can block folate transport from the mother to the fetus and to the brain in infants. Children diagnosed with autism and their immediate family members were evaluated for the prevalence of folate receptor autoantibodies. The autoantibody was highly prevalent in affected families with similar distribution in parents, normal siblings and affected children. The presence of these antibodies appears to have a familial origin and may contribute to developmental deficits when combined with other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward V Quadros
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Jeffrey M Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - W Ted Brown
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | | | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | - Michael Flory
- Research Design and Analysis Core, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | - Edmund C Jenkins
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | - Milen T Velinov
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | - Ira L Cohen
- Department of Psychology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
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23
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O'Connor O, Marchi E, Kim W. CASE MATCH CONTROL ANALYSIS OF PROPEL REVEALS A SURVIVAL ADVANTAGE FOR PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED PTCL RECEIVING PRALATREXATE: A NOVEL APPROACH TO BENCHMARK DRUGS IN RARE DISEASES. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2438_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O.A. O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York USA
| | - E. Marchi
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies; Columbia University Medical Center; New York USA
| | - W.S. Kim
- Department of Medicine; Samsung Medical Center; Seoul Korea, Republic of
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Jenkins EC, Ye L, Marchi E, Krinsky-McHale SJ, Zigman WB, Schupf N, Silverman WP. An improved method for detecting telomere size differences in T-lymphocyte interphases from older people with Down syndrome with and without mild cognitive impairment. Biol Methods Protoc 2017; 2:bpx005. [PMID: 32161788 PMCID: PMC6994080 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpx005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere size (quantified by fluorescence intensity and physical lengths) in short-term T-lymphocyte cultures from adults with Down syndrome (DS) with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI-DS) or dementia was compared. For these studies, dementia status was determined based on longitudinal assessments employing a battery of cognitive and functional assessments developed to distinguish adult-onset impairment from preexisting developmental disability. In the course of our studies using a MetaSystems Image Analyzer in combination with ISIS software and a Zeiss Axioskop 2, we found that Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) telomere fluorescence referenced to chromosome 2-identified FITC probe fluorescence as a nontelomere standard (telomere/cen2 ratio) showed great promise as a biomarker of early decline associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in this high-risk population. We have now obtained a cen (2) CY3 probe that can clearly be distinguished from the blue-green FITC interphase telomere probe, providing a clear distinction between telomere and centromere fluorescence in both interphase and metaphase. We used FITC/CY3 light intensity ratios to compare telomere length in interphases in adults with DS with and without MCI-DS or dementia. Five age-matched female and five age-matched male pairs (n = 10) all showed clear evidence of telomere shortening associated with clinical progression of AD (P < 0.002 - P < 0.000001), with distributions of mean values for cases and controls showing no overlap. We also examined the time needed for microscopy using interphase versus metaphase fluorescence preparations. With interphase preparations, examination time was reduced by an order of magnitude compared with metaphase preparations, indicating that the methods employed herein have considerable practical promise for translation into broad diagnostic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. C. Jenkins
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
| | - L. Ye
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
| | - E. Marchi
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
| | - S. J. Krinsky-McHale
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
| | - W. B. Zigman
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
| | - N. Schupf
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, 10314 NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Research, Columbia University, New York, 10032 NY, USA
| | - W. P. Silverman
- Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
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25
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Neri F, Foderi C, Laschi A, Fabiano F, Cambi M, Sciarra G, Aprea MC, Cenni A, Marchi E. Determining exhaust fumes exposure in chainsaw operations. Environ Pollut 2016; 218:1162-1169. [PMID: 27614911 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the inhalation exposure of forest operators to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and total xylenes) contained in the exhaust fumes released from chainsaws and to suggest possible countermeasures. The study was carried out in four silvicultural treatments (coppice clearcut, conifer thinning, conifer pruning, and sanitary cut), using three types of chainsaw fuel (normal two-stroke petrol mix and two alkylate fuels). Eighty personal air samples were collected; IOM samplers combined with Amberlite XAD-2 sorbent tubes were used for collecting PAHs and Radiello® samplers were used for BTEX. Results indicate that none of the four silvicultural treatments significantly affected the PAHs and BTEX inhalation exposure of forest workers. On the other hand, statistically significant differences were recorded in the inhalation exposure to PAHs and BTEX when using different fuel types. In particular, the inhalation exposure to PAHs and BTEX was generally one order of magnitude lower when using modern alkylate fuels as compared to the traditional oil and lead-free petrol mixture. The small, non-statistically significant differences in inhalation exposure recorded between the two alkylate fuels suggests that the two fuels might be equivalent in terms of quality. Our study indicates that while forest workers are exposed to PAHs and BTEX, the maximum values are generally well below accepted occupational exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Neri
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
| | - C Foderi
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
| | - A Laschi
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
| | - F Fabiano
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
| | - M Cambi
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
| | - G Sciarra
- Public Health Laboratory, National Health Service, Strada del Ruffolo, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M C Aprea
- Public Health Laboratory, National Health Service, Strada del Ruffolo, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - A Cenni
- Public Health Laboratory, National Health Service, Strada del Ruffolo, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - E Marchi
- GESAAF - University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura, 13, 50145 Florence, Italy.
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Van Gool I, Eggink F, Freeman-Mills L, Stelloo E, Marchi E, Palles C, De Bruyn M, Nout R, De Kroon C, Osse M, Klenerman P, Creutzberg C, Tomlinson I, Smit V, Nijman H, Bosse T, Church D. 207 POLE proofreading mutations elicit an anti-tumor immune response in endometrial cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Chamas Z, Marchi E, Presson B, Aubert E, Fort Y, Ceroni P, Mamane V. Synthesis and solid-state fluorescence properties of pentacyclic 7-substituted-indeno[1′,2′:4,5]pyrido[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12155d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New pentacyclic indeno[1′,2′:4,5]pyrido[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones were designed which possess quantum yields in the solid state up to 32%. The importance of the substituent in 7-position was highlighted through crystal packing analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Chamas
- Laboratoire SRSMC
- UMR CNRS 7565
- Université de Lorraine
- 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy
- France
| | - E. Marchi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - B. Presson
- Laboratoire SRSMC
- UMR CNRS 7565
- Université de Lorraine
- 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy
- France
| | - E. Aubert
- Laboratoire CRM2
- UMR CNRS 7036
- Université de Lorraine
- 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy
- France
| | - Y. Fort
- Laboratoire SRSMC
- UMR CNRS 7565
- Université de Lorraine
- 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy
- France
| | - P. Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - V. Mamane
- Laboratoire SRSMC
- UMR CNRS 7565
- Université de Lorraine
- 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy
- France
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28
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Wegiel J, Schanen NC, Cook EH, Sigman M, Brown WT, Kuchna I, Nowicki K, Wegiel J, Imaki H, Ma SY, Marchi E, Wierzba-Bobrowicz T, Chauhan A, Chauhan V, Cohen IL, London E, Flory M, Lach B, Wisniewski T. Differences between the pattern of developmental abnormalities in autism associated with duplications 15q11.2-q13 and idiopathic autism. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2012; 71:382-97. [PMID: 22487857 PMCID: PMC3612833 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e318251f537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to identify differences in patterns of developmental abnormalities between the brains of individuals with autism of unknown etiology and those of individuals with duplications of chromosome 15q11.2-q13 (dup[15]) and autism and to identify alterations that may contribute to seizures and sudden death in the latter. Brains of 9 subjects with dup(15), 10 with idiopathic autism, and 7 controls were examined. In the dup(15) cohort, 7 subjects (78%) had autism, 7 (78%) had seizures, and 6 (67%) had experienced sudden unexplained death. Subjects with dup(15) autism were microcephalic, with mean brain weights 300 g less (1,177 g) than those of subjects with idiopathic autism (1,477 g; p<0.001). Heterotopias in the alveus, CA4, and dentate gyrus and dysplasia in the dentate gyrus were detected in 89% of dup(15) autism cases but in only 10% of idiopathic autism cases (p < 0.001). By contrast, cerebral cortex dysplasia was detected in 50% of subjects with idiopathic autism and in no dup(15) autism cases (p<0.04). The different spectrum and higher prevalence of developmental neuropathologic findings in the dup(15) cohort than in cases with idiopathic autism may contribute to the high risk of early onset of seizures and sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Wegiel
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA.
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Mazur-Kolecka B, Golabek A, Kida E, Rabe A, Hwang YW, Adayev T, Wegiel J, Flory M, Kaczmarski W, Marchi E, Frackowiak J. Effect of DYRK1A activity inhibition on development of neuronal progenitors isolated from Ts65Dn mice. J Neurosci Res 2012; 90:999-1010. [PMID: 22252917 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), encoded by a gene located in the Down syndrome (DS) critical region, is considered a major contributor to developmental abnormalities in DS. DYRK1A regulates numerous genes involved in neuronal commitment, differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis. Because alterations of neurogenesis could lead to impaired brain development and mental retardation in individuals with DS, pharmacological normalization of DYRK1A activity has been postulated as DS therapy. We tested the effect of harmine, a specific DYRK1A inhibitor, on the development of neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) isolated from the periventricular zone of newborn mice with segmental trisomy 16 (Ts65Dn mice), a mouse model for DS that overexpresses Dyrk1A by 1.5-fold. Trisomy did not affect the ability of NPCs to expand in culture. Twenty-four hours after stimulation of migration and neuronal differentiation, NPCs showed increased expression of Dyrk1A, particularly in the trisomic cultures. After 7 days, NPCs developed into a heterogeneous population of differentiating neurons and astrocytes that expressed Dyrk1A in the nuclei. In comparison with disomic cells, NPCs with trisomy showed premature neuronal differentiation and enhanced γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic differentiation, but astrocyte development was unchanged. Harmine prevented premature neuronal maturation of trisomic NPCs but not acceleration of GABA-ergic development. In control NPCs, harmine treatment caused altered neuronal development of NPCs, similar to that in trisomic NPCs with Dyrk1A overexpression. This study suggests that pharmacological normalization of DYRK1A activity may have a potential role in DS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Mazur-Kolecka
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA.
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Santopolo L, Marchi E, Frediani L, Decorosi F, Viti C, Giovannetti L. A novel approach combining the Calgary Biofilm Device and Phenotype MicroArray for the characterization of the chemical sensitivity of bacterial biofilms. Biofouling 2012; 28:1023-1032. [PMID: 23004019 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.726352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A rapid method for screening the metabolic susceptibility of biofilms to toxic compounds was developed by combining the Calgary Biofilm Device (MBEC device) and Phenotype MicroArray (PM) technology. The method was developed using Pseudomonas alcaliphila 34, a Cr(VI)-hyper-resistant bacterium, as the test organism. P. alcaliphila produced a robust biofilm after incubation for 16 h, reaching the maximum value after incubation for 24 h (9.4 × 10(6) ± 3.3 × 10(6) CFU peg(-1)). In order to detect the metabolic activity of cells in the biofilm, dye E (5×) and menadione sodium bisulphate (100 μM) were selected for redox detection chemistry, because they produced a high colorimetric yield in response to bacterial metabolism (340.4 ± 6.9 Omnilog Arbitrary Units). This combined approach, which avoids the limitations of traditional plate counts, was validated by testing the susceptibility of P. alcaliphila biofilm to 22 toxic compounds. For each compound the concentration level that significantly lowered the metabolic activity of the biofilm was identified. Chemical sensitivity analysis of the planktonic culture was also performed, allowing comparison of the metabolic susceptibility patterns of biofilm and planktonic cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Santopolo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie - sezione di Microbiologia and Laboratorio Genexpress, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Romei M, D'Angelo MG, LoMauro A, Gandossini S, Bonato S, Brighina E, Marchi E, Comi GP, Turconi AC, Pedotti A, Bresolin N, Aliverti A. Low abdominal contribution to breathing as daytime predictor of nocturnal desaturation in adolescents and young adults with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Respir Med 2011; 106:276-83. [PMID: 22083092 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the respiratory management of DMD patients it is still under debate what parameter should indicate the correct timing for institution of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (NIV), in addition to forced vital capacity, which is generally considered as a prognostic marker of disease progression. The aim of this study was to determine if volume variations of rib cage and abdominal compartments measured by Opto-Electronic Plethysmography can be helpful to distinguish between those patients who are in the early stages of nocturnal oxygen desaturation development and those who do not yet. Pulmonary function, abdominal contribution to tidal volume and to inspiratory capacity (%Abd IC) and a set of breathing pattern indexes were assessed in 40 DMD patients older than 14 years and not yet under nocturnal NIV. ROC analysis revealed that among all the considered parameters, %Abd IC in supine position was the best discriminator between DeSat (at least 10% of the night time with SpO(2) < 95%) and NonDeSat patients, providing an area under the curve with 95%CI equal to 0.752. In conclusion, in adolescents and adults DMD patients who present either no sign or only mild nocturnal oxygen desaturation, a reduced abdominal contribution to inspiratory capacity is a marker of the onset of diaphragm weakness and should be considered to identify the correct timing for the institution of nocturnal NIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romei
- IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini (Lc), Italy
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Abstract
Pralatrexate (PDX, 10-propargyl 10-deazaaminopterin) is an exciting new chemotherapeutic agent with promising activity in T-cell lymphomas and non-small cell lung cancer. It has been granted approval by the Food and Drug administration (FDA) for use in the treatment of relapsed and refractory peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL). Pralatrexate belongs to a class of antineoplastic agents known as antifolates that also include methotrexate, pemetrexed and ralitrexed. Pralatrexate was rationally designed to have high affinity for the one carbon-reduced folate carrier (RFC-1) which leads to better cellular internalization of the drug and a greater antitumor effect than methotrexate. The following monograph is a story of the development of this drug in a systematic fashion from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine M Zain
- New York University Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Wegiel J, Kuchna I, Nowicki K, Imaki H, Wegiel J, Marchi E, Ma SY, Chauhan A, Chauhan V, Bobrowicz TW, de Leon M, Louis LAS, Cohen IL, London E, Brown WT, Wisniewski T. The neuropathology of autism: defects of neurogenesis and neuronal migration, and dysplastic changes. Acta Neuropathol 2010; 119:755-70. [PMID: 20198484 PMCID: PMC2869041 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-010-0655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations including qualitative impairments in social interactions and communication, and repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Abnormal acceleration of brain growth in early childhood, signs of slower growth of neurons, and minicolumn developmental abnormalities suggest multiregional alterations. The aim of this study was to detect the patterns of focal qualitative developmental defects and to identify brain regions that are prone to developmental alterations in autism. Formalin-fixed brain hemispheres of 13 autistic (4–60 years of age) and 14 age-matched control subjects were embedded in celloidin and cut into 200-μm-thick coronal sections, which were stained with cresyl violet and used for neuropathological evaluation. Thickening of the subependymal cell layer in two brains and subependymal nodular dysplasia in one brain is indicative of active neurogenesis in two autistic children. Subcortical, periventricular, hippocampal and cerebellar heterotopias detected in the brains of four autistic subjects (31%) reflect abnormal neuronal migration. Multifocal cerebral dysplasia resulted in local distortion of the cytoarchitecture of the neocortex in four brains (31%), of the entorhinal cortex in two brains (15%), of the cornu Ammonis in four brains and of the dentate gyrus in two brains. Cerebellar flocculonodular dysplasia detected in six subjects (46%), focal dysplasia in the vermis in one case, and hypoplasia in one subject indicate local failure of cerebellar development in 62% of autistic subjects. Detection of flocculonodular dysplasia in only one control subject and of a broad spectrum of focal qualitative neuropathological developmental changes in 12 of 13 examined brains of autistic subjects (92%) reflects multiregional dysregulation of neurogenesis, neuronal migration and maturation in autism, which may contribute to the heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype.
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Lo Mauro A, D'Angelo MG, Romei M, Motta F, Colombo D, Comi GP, Pedotti A, Marchi E, Turconi AC, Bresolin N, Aliverti A. Abdominal volume contribution to tidal volume as an early indicator of respiratory impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Eur Respir J 2009; 35:1118-25. [PMID: 19840972 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00037209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterised by progressive loss of muscular strength that leads to an increasingly restrictive pulmonary syndrome. However, it is still not clear whether this determines alterations in the breathing pattern. We studied: 66 DMD patients at different stages of the disease (mean+/- sem age 12.6+/-0.6 yrs, range 5-22 yrs of age), subdivided into four groups according to age; and 21 age-matched healthy male controls. Spirometry, lung volumes and nocturnal oxygen saturation were measured in all DMD patients. Ventilatory pattern and chest wall volume variations were assessed by optoelectronic plethysmography during spontaneous breathing both in seated and supine positions. Whilst in a seated position, no significant differences were found between patients and controls or between different age groups. In the supine position, the average contribution of abdominal volume change (DeltaV(AB)) to tidal volume progressively decreased with age (p<0.001). The patients who showed nocturnal hypoxaemia showed significantly lower Delta V(AB). In conclusion, chest wall motion during spontaneous breathing in awake conditions and in supine position is an important indicator of the degree of respiratory muscle impairment in DMD. DeltaV(AB) is not only an important marker of the progression of the disease but is also an early indicator of nocturnal hypoxaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lo Mauro
- TBM Lab, Dipartimento di Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Rossi VF, Vargas FS, Marchi E, Acencio MMP, Genofre EH, Capelozzi VL, Antonangelo L. Acute inflammatory response secondary to intrapleural administration of two types of talc. Eur Respir J 2009; 35:396-401. [PMID: 19679605 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00039209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intrapleural instillation of talc has been used in the treatment of recurrent pleural effusions but can, in rare instances, result in respiratory failure. Side-effects seem to be related to composition, size and inflammatory power of talc particles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response to intrapleural injection of talc containing small particles (ST) or talc containing particles of mixed size (MT). 100 rabbits received intrapleural talc, 50 with ST (median 6.41 mum) and 50 with MT (median 21.15 mum); the control group was composed of 35 rabbits. Cells, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor were evaluated in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage at 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Lung histology and the presence of talc were also analysed. Statistics were performed using ANOVA and an unpaired t-test. Most of the parameters showed greater levels in the animals injected with talc than in the controls, suggesting a systemic and pulmonary response. Higher serum levels of CRP and IL-8 were observed in the animals injected with ST. Talc particles were observed in both lungs with no differences between groups. Lung cell infiltrate was more evident in the ST group. In conclusion, talc with larger particles should be the preferred choice in clinical practice in order to induce safer pleurodesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Rossi
- R Itapeva 500, cjto 4C, Bela Vista, São Paulo, 01332-000, Brazil
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Marchi E, Cavalieri D. Yeast as a model to investigate the mitochondrial role in adaptation to dietary fat and calorie surplus. Genes Nutr 2008; 3:159-66. [PMID: 19037676 PMCID: PMC2593007 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-008-0101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 11/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several research strategies are focused towards understanding the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms that regulate uptake, synthesis, deposition, and mobilization of lipids, in the context of energy homeostasis. Because of the complexity of the problem, major input comes from the use of model systems. The aim of this work was to test the feasibility of using yeast as a model organism for studies related to dietary challenges due to high fat diet and investigate the correlation between FA metabolism and oxidative metabolism. In particular, we ask to what extent the utilization of oleic acid is dependent on mitochondrial function. We studied growth on oleic acid as a sole carbon source, and oleate stress (growth in 2 and 5% oleate) in both laboratory (BY4741 wild-type and Δsco1, Δsco2, Δtgl3, Δtgl4 mutants) and natural strains, comparing the growth phenotypes with the respiratory behaviour for each strain. We confirmed that respiratory competence is fundamental for growth on oleic acid, since the respiratory deficient mutant Δsco1 was unable to grow on oleic acid. In order to understand if the ability to use oleate as carbon source and adapt to high oleate concentrations is a general trait for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genus, we also studied some natural strains, both diploid and haploid, identifying two meiotic derivatives of SGU90 as unable to grow in oleic acid as a sole carbon source. We investigate some aspects of mitochondrial metabolism in order to gain insights on this new finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marchi
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, UNIFI, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
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Romei M, D’Angelo M, Lo Mauro A, Bonato S, Gandossini S, Turconi A, Comi G, Marchi E, Pedotti A, Bresolin N, Aliverti A. T.P.1.12 Breathing pattern in neuromuscular disorders. Neuromuscul Disord 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zinzani PL, Tani M, Fanti S, Stefoni V, Musuraca G, Castellucci P, Marchi E, Farsad M, Fina M, Pellegrini C, Alinari L, Derenzini E, de Vivo A, Bacci F, Pileri S, Baccarani M. A phase II trial of CHOP chemotherapy followed by yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) for previously untreated elderly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. Ann Oncol 2008; 19:769-73. [PMID: 18303033 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prospective, single-arm, open-label, nonrandomized phase II combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) plus radioimmunotherapy trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety in untreated elderly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS From February 2005 to April 2006, in our institute we treated 20 eligible elderly (age > or =60 years) patients with previously untreated DLBCL using a novel regimen consisting of six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy followed 6-10 weeks later by (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan. RESULTS The overall response rate to the entire treatment regimen was 100%, including 95% complete remission (CR) and 5% partial remission. Four (80%) of the five patients who achieved less than a CR with CHOP improved their remission status after radioimmunotherapy. With a median follow-up of 15 months, the 2-year progression-free survival was estimated to be 75%, with a 2-year overall survival of 95%. The (90)Y ibritumomab tiuxetan toxicity included grade > or =3 hematologic toxicity in 12 of 20 patients; the most common grade > or =3 toxic effects were neutropenia (12 patients) and thrombocytopenia (7 patients). Transfusions of red blood cells and/or platelets were given to one patient. CONCLUSION This study has established the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of this regimen for elderly patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Zinzani
- Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology 'L. & A. Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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LoMauro A, D’Angelo M, Pedotti A, Marchi E, Colombo D, Turconi A, Bresolin N, Aliverti A. G.P.9.03 Respiratory kinematics in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zinzani PL, Tani M, Fanti S, Alinari L, Musuraca G, Marchi E, Stefoni V, Castellucci P, Fina M, Farshad M, Pileri S, Baccarani M. Early positron emission tomography (PET) restaging: a predictive final response in Hodgkin's disease patients. Ann Oncol 2006; 17:1296-300. [PMID: 16766583 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to distinguish between responders to standard treatment and non-responders Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between June 2003-September 2004, in our institute, 40 newly-diagnosed patients with advanced stage HD were consecutively treated with ABVD chemotherapy for six cycles. All these patients underwent staging/restaging: computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) at time 0, PET after two cycles, CT and PET after four and six cycles. RESULTS After two cycles (PET-2), the PET was negative in 28/40 (70%), positive in 8/40 (20%), and minimal residual uptake (MRU) was present in the remaining four (10%) patients. After treatment, among eight patients who were PET-2+, seven showed refractory disease and one had relapse after 3 months. All four patients with MRU at the PET-2 became PET- during the further four cycles and, after treatment, three were in complete response (CR) and one relapsed after 5 months. All 28 PET negative patients at the PET-2 remained PET negative and all of them were in CR after treatment. CONCLUSIONS The PET use for early (after two cycles) response assessment in HD patients is a significant step forward and has the potential to help physicians make crucial decisions about further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Zinzani
- Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology L. e A. Seràgnoli, University of Bologna, and Nuclear Medicine, S'Orsola Hospital, Italy.
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Breccia A, Gattavecchia E, Fini A, Marchi E, Tamagnone GF. [14C] acetylation of a glycosaminoglycan sulphate: Sulodexide. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580280510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Marchi E, Vargas FS, Acencio MM, Antonangelo L, Genofre EH, Teixeira LR. Evidence that mesothelial cells regulate the acute inflammatory response in talc pleurodesis. Eur Respir J 2006; 28:929-32. [PMID: 16870666 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.06.00037906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intrapleural instillation of talc is used to produce pleurodesis in cases of recurrent malignant pleural effusions. The mechanisms by which pleurodesis is produced remain unknown but may involve either injury or activation of the mesothelium. The aim of the current study was to assess the inflammatory response of pleural mesothelial cells to talc in an experimental model in rabbits. A group of 10 rabbits were injected intrapleurally with talc (200 mg.kg(-1)) and undiluted pleural fluid was collected after 6, 24 or 48 h for measurement of interleukin (IL)-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1. Samples of pleura were studied to assess the inflammatory infiltrate and mesothelial cell viability. The pleural fluid IL-8 concentration peaked at 6 h, whereas VEGF and TGF-beta1 concentrations increased steadily over 48 h. Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin showed a preserved layer of mesothelial cells despite the intense inflammatory pleural reaction. In conclusion, it is proposed that the mesothelial cell, although injured by the talc, may actively mediate the primary inflammatory pleural response in talc-induced pleurodesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marchi
- Pleura Laboratory - Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Magnavita N, De Lorenzo G, Fileni A, Magnavita G, Mammi F, Marchi E, Mazzullo D, Monami F, Monami S, Puro V, Ricciardi G, Sacco A, Squarcione S. [Identification and control of workers that pose a risk to others in the health field]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2006; 28:174-5. [PMID: 16805452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working in health care increases the probability that an impaired worker be hazardous for third persons. METHODS A literature review concerning identification, intervention, and treatment of hazardous health care workers is here reported. RESULTS Published reports of health care worker-to-patient transmission of bloodborne infections, and papers concerning the so-called "impaired physician", have been reviewed. DISCUSSION According to European directives on workers' health and safety, the occupational health physician charged of medical surveillance of hospital workers is often mandated to manage impaired professionals. CONCLUSIONS Strategies for early identification, treatment and rehabilitation of impaired physicians are reviewed and suggestions for preventive action are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Magnavita
- Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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Zinzani PL, Fanti S, Battista G, Tani M, Castellucci P, Stefoni V, Alinari L, Farsad M, Musuraca G, Gabriele A, Marchi E, Nanni C, Canini R, Monetti N, Baccarani M. Predictive role of positron emission tomography (PET) in the outcome of lymphoma patients. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:850-4. [PMID: 15266320 PMCID: PMC2409876 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An extensive analysis of the reliability of positron emission tomography (PET) after induction treatment in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) or aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In all, 75 untreated patients with HD (n=41) or aggressive NHL (n=34) were studied with both PET and CT scans following standard chemotherapy induction therapy (ABVD or MACOP-B) with/without radiotherapy. Histopathological analysis was performed when considered necessary. After treatment, four out of five (80%) patients who were PET+/CT− relapsed, as compared with zero out of 29 patients in the PET−/CT− subset. Among the 41 CT+ patients, 10 out of 11 (91%) who were PET+ relapsed, as compared with 0 out of 30 who were PET−. The actuarial relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 9 and 100% in the PET+ and PET− subsets, respectively (P=0.00001). All five patients who were PET+/CT− underwent a lymph node biopsy: in four (80%) cases, persistent lymphoma and was confirmed at histopathological examination. Two HD patients who were PET−/CT+ (with large residual masses in the mediastinum or lung) were submitted to biopsy, which in both cases revealed only fibrosis. In HD and aggressive NHL patients, PET positivity after induction treatment is highly predictive for the presence of residual disease, with significant differences being observable in terms of RFS. PET negativity at restaging strongly suggests the absence of active disease; histopathological verification is important in patients who show PET positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Zinzani
- Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology 'Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Italy.
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Ferri N, Marchi E, Di Mattia T. Electronic identification of cattle: interference in the reading of ceramic bolus transponders in the presence of ruminal magnets. Vet Ital 2004; 40:44-49. [PMID: 20437387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The authors assess the reading performances of electronic transponders encased in ceramic boluses, utilised as identification (ID) instruments for production ruminants, and the possible influence of the magnet, which is located in the fore-stomach of ruminants. Research has been conducted in free-range Friesian dairy herds in the Teramo Province. The use of the electronic bolus to identify cattle appears to provide better guarantees than the traditional methods used and meets the requirements of identifying individual animals at the farm level. Results demonstrate how the presence of both the magnet and the ceramic bolus, equipped with a transponder, makes it difficult, and sometimes impossible, to read the code. However, the electronic ID system is the best instrument currently available. The authors confirm the validity of this method and highlight some problems that still need to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ferri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Teramo, Italy
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Teixeira LR, Vargas FS, Antonangelo L, Mattos VC, Vaz MAC, Acencio MMP, Marchi E. Low Concentration Silver Nitrate Pleurodesis in Rabbits: Optimal Concentration for Rapid and Complete Sclerosing Effect. Lung 2003; 181:353-9. [PMID: 14749940 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-003-1038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pleurodesis is a useful therapeutic tool when local treatment of a recurrent malignant pleural effusion or pneumothorax is needed. We have previously demonstrated that the intrapleural injection of 0.5% silver nitrate (SN) produces a significant pleurodesis, while 0.25% SN has no sclerosing effect in a rabbit model. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum concentration of SN needed to induce pleurodesis in our experimental model. One hundred twenty male New Zealand white rabbits received 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5% SN (40 animals per group) in a total volume of 2 mL instilled intrapleurally. These animals were sacrificed 3, 7, 14 or 28 days after the intrapleural injection (n = 10 animals per group), and the pleural spaces were then assessed grossly for evidence of pleurodesis and microscopically for evidence of fibrosis and inflammation. By 28 days, all concentrations of SN had produced a pleurodesis. There was evidence of a gross pleurodesis 7 days post-injection in animals that received 0.5% SN (score of 2.8 +/- 0.2 on a scale of 0-4). After 14 days, significant pleural adhesions were evident in the groups that received 0.4 or 0.5% SN. We conclude that SN concentrations as low as 0.3% can effectively produce a pleurodesis within 28 days of intrapleural injection. However, the precocious pleurodesis development observed 7 days after the intrapleural injection of 0.5% SN suggests that this concentration may be optimal when a fast result is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pleura--Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil.
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Abstract
The Light criteria represent the most acceptable method to separate transudates and exudates. However, approximately 10% of patients with transudates, especially those with congestive heart disease, are misdiagnosed with these criteria. To improve diagnostic accuracy, many biochemical markers have been proposed as alternatives to differentiate transudates and exudates. Cholesterol has raised particular interest because only pleural fluid is needed, which makes blood samples unnecessary and simplifies the procedure. In most clinical studies, cholesterol has been shown to be as sensitive as the Light criteria, although it is less specific. Other randomized studies are necessary to determine the real potential value of pleural-fluid cholesterol measurements. Studies of pleural-fluid cholesterol are aimed at better understanding the mechanisms by which cholesterol enters the pleural cavity and its role in diseases. The ideal cutoff point of cholesterol to differentiate transudates and exudates is still unknown. Recently, aspects of the cholesterol turnover in diseases have raised great interest. Cholesterol generated great interest after it was related to coronary artery diseases. The involvement of cholesterol in the atherosclerotic process is well known, although its importance in body cavities is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Vaz
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
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