1
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Turpin R, Liu R, Munne PM, Peura A, Rannikko JH, Philips G, Boeckx B, Salmelin N, Hurskainen E, Suleymanova I, Aung J, Vuorinen EM, Lehtinen L, Mutka M, Kovanen PE, Niinikoski L, Meretoja TJ, Mattson J, Mustjoki S, Saavalainen P, Goga A, Lambrechts D, Pouwels J, Hollmén M, Klefström J. Respiratory complex I regulates dendritic cell maturation in explant model of human tumor immune microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008053. [PMID: 38604809 PMCID: PMC11015234 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining cytotoxic chemotherapy or novel anticancer drugs with T-cell modulators holds great promise in treating advanced cancers. However, the response varies depending on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, there is a clear need for pharmacologically tractable models of the TIME to dissect its influence on mono- and combination treatment response at the individual level. METHODS Here we establish a patient-derived explant culture (PDEC) model of breast cancer, which retains the immune contexture of the primary tumor, recapitulating cytokine profiles and CD8+T cell cytotoxic activity. RESULTS We explored the immunomodulatory action of a synthetic lethal BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax+metformin drug combination ex vivo, discovering metformin cannot overcome the lymphocyte-depleting action of venetoclax. Instead, metformin promotes dendritic cell maturation through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, increasing their capacity to co-stimulate CD4+T cells and thus facilitating antitumor immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our results establish PDECs as a feasible model to identify immunomodulatory functions of anticancer drugs in the context of patient-specific TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turpin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruixian Liu
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina M Munne
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Peura
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Bram Boeckx
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natasha Salmelin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Hurskainen
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilida Suleymanova
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - July Aung
- University of Helsinki Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Minna Mutka
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu E Kovanen
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Niinikoski
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo J Meretoja
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Mattson
- Department of oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Jeroen Pouwels
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juha Klefström
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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2
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Rautajoki KJ, Jaatinen S, Hartewig A, Tiihonen AM, Annala M, Salonen I, Valkonen M, Simola V, Vuorinen EM, Kivinen A, Rauhala MJ, Nurminen R, Maass KK, Lahtela SL, Jukkola A, Yli-Harja O, Helén P, Pajtler KW, Ruusuvuori P, Haapasalo J, Zhang W, Haapasalo H, Nykter M. Genomic characterization of IDH-mutant astrocytoma progression to grade 4 in the treatment setting. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:176. [PMID: 37932833 PMCID: PMC10629206 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the progression of low-grade diffuse astrocytomas into grade 4 tumors significantly impacts patient prognosis, a better understanding of this process is of paramount importance for improved patient care. In this project, we analyzed matched IDH-mutant astrocytomas before and after progression to grade 4 from six patients (discovery cohort) with genome-wide sequencing, 21 additional patients with targeted sequencing, and 33 patients from Glioma Longitudinal AnalySiS cohort for validation. The Cancer Genome Atlas data from 595 diffuse gliomas provided supportive information. All patients in our discovery cohort received radiation, all but one underwent chemotherapy, and no patient received temozolomide (TMZ) before progression to grade 4 disease. One case in the discovery cohort exhibited a hypermutation signature associated with the inactivation of the MSH2 and DNMT3A genes. In other patients, the number of chromosomal rearrangements and deletions increased in grade 4 tumors. The cell cycle checkpoint gene CDKN2A, or less frequently RB1, was most commonly inactivated after receiving both chemo- and radiotherapy when compared to other treatment groups. Concomitant activating PDGFRA/MET alterations were detected in tumors that acquired a homozygous CDKN2A deletion. NRG3 gene was significantly downregulated and recurrently altered in progressed tumors. Its decreased expression was associated with poorer overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. We also detected progression-related alterations in RAD51B and other DNA repair pathway genes associated with the promotion of error-prone DNA repair, potentially facilitating tumor progression. In our retrospective analysis of patient treatment and survival timelines (n = 75), the combination of postoperative radiation and chemotherapy (mainly TMZ) outperformed radiation, especially in the grade 3 tumor cohort, in which it was typically given after primary surgery. Our results provide further insight into the contribution of treatment and genetic alterations in cell cycle, growth factor signaling, and DNA repair-related genes to tumor evolution and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi J Rautajoki
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Tampere Institute for Advanced Study, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Serafiina Jaatinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anja Hartewig
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aliisa M Tiihonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Annala
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Iida Salonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Masi Valkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vili Simola
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elisa M Vuorinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anni Kivinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna J Rauhala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riikka Nurminen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kendra K Maass
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sirpa-Liisa Lahtela
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pauli Helén
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pekka Ruusuvuori
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Joonas Haapasalo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wei Zhang
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Oncology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Kiviaho A, Kallio HM, Eerola SK, Vuorinen EM, Häkkinen T, Taavitsainen S, Afyounian E, Tolonen T, Kesseli J, Urbanucci A, Rautajoki KJ, Tammela TL, Visakorpi T, Nykter M. Abstract 5644: Spatially resolved transcriptomics points to distinct malignant cell populations within primary and castration resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men. Despite its high prevalence, many patients carry an indolent form of the disease and are thus suspect to overtreatment. Conversely, some cases treated with androgen deprivation therapy can develop into castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), for which there is no curative treatment. Understanding why some tumors are more aggressive than others could lead to more accurate patient risk stratification. Here we characterize cancer and normal cell subpopulations within prostate tissue in their spatial context using a multimodal integrative approach.
Methods: We performed spatially resolved transcriptomics (ST) on a set of primary tumor PCa, CRPC and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patient samples. In addition to ST, we produced RNA-seq, DNA-seq and assay for transposase accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) data, allowing for multiomic integration within and across sample categories. We performed extensive analysis of ST data, employing unsupervised clustering, spot expression signal deconvolution, differential gene expression analysis and copy number variation (CNV) inference.
Main Results: The systematic analysis of spot expression profiles revealed a high degree of variation in nearby tissue regions, as we found up to three unique luminal cell populations inside a one millimeter radius in PCa. Similarly in locally recurrent CRPC, we identified cumulative CNVs in proximal luminal cell populations, with the inferred CNV profiles validated through DNA-seq. A set of marker genes was calculated for each unique cell population, with multiple PCa associated genes found to be differentially expressed. Although we observed significant variation in the luminal cell populations, the stromal gene expression was markedly similar across all samples.
Conclusions: We discovered shared, similar and unique cell populations both within and across different PCa and CRPC sections. We observed various luminal cell populations with distinct gene expression profiles in samples from both progression stages. The close spatial proximity of these cell clusters suggests that ST can be used to discover and examine finely detailed populations in their original spatial environment.
Citation Format: Antti Kiviaho, Heini M. Kallio, Sini K. Eerola, Elisa M. Vuorinen, Tomi Häkkinen, Sinja Taavitsainen, Ebrahim Afyounian, Teemu Tolonen, Juha Kesseli, Alfonso Urbanucci, Kirsi J. Rautajoki, Teuvo L. Tammela, Tapio Visakorpi, Matti Nykter. Spatially resolved transcriptomics points to distinct malignant cell populations within primary and castration resistant prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Kiviaho
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini M. Kallio
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sini K. Eerola
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elisa M. Vuorinen
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomi Häkkinen
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sinja Taavitsainen
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ebrahim Afyounian
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu Tolonen
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alfonso Urbanucci
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kirsi J. Rautajoki
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L. Tammela
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- 1Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
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4
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Björkman ML, Vuorinen EM, Jalkanen J, Fjällskog ML, Koivunen J, Huttunen T, Hollmén M, Bono P. Abstract 4334: Clever-1/PD-L1 ratio predicts response to Bexmarilimab, a novel macrophage-guided immunotherapy, in immune deprived cancers. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Clever-1 is an immunosuppressive scavenger receptor expressed on tumor associated macrophages. High levels of Clever-1 are associated with poor survival, T-cell exclusion and dysfunction, and immunotherapy resistance. Bexmarilimab (FP-1305) is a novel humanized anti-Clever-1 IgG4-antibody capable of promoting an immune switch, potentially leading to intratumoral proinflammatory responses in patients. In a first-in-human all-comer single agent Phase I/II study in advanced solid tumors (NCT03733990) approximately 30% of patients in hepatocellular carcinoma, cutaneous melanoma and cholangiocarcinoma achieved immune activation, characterized by an IFNg response, which led to a survival benefit (ASCO 2022). Here, we show that patients getting a therapy benefit have immunologically cold tumors with low PD-L1 staining and high Clever-1 staining.
Methods: Pre-treatment tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained for Clever-1 (4G9, Santa Cruz) using Ventana platform and scored by % of intratumoral positive cells out of all viable cells and PD-L1 (22C3, Agilent) with combined positivity scoring (CPS). Ratio (PD-L1/Clever-1) at baseline was compared using non-parametric Wilcoxon-test according to clinical benefit.
Results: 23 successful baseline biopsies and stainings were obtained, 6 per cutaneous melanoma, 11 per cholangiocarcinoma and 1 per hepatocellular carcinoma, from patients treated with bexmarilimab. Patients had received an average of three previous lines of therapy. At baseline, patients that saw a clinical benefit (CBR) from bexmarilimab had average PD-L1/Clever-1 ratio of 0.2 compared to 4.4 (p=0.042, Wilcoxon nonparametric test) in patients that did not respond to the treatment.
Conclusion: PD-L1/Clever-1 IHC staining ratio may be used to predict bexmarilimab responding patients. These patients have a low PD-L1 staining and low IFNg levels as reported previously, and are often refractory to checkpoint inhibitors and other T cell activating agents. Bexmarilimab provides a novel therapy option for a tumor group that is otherwise poorly responsive to immune therapies.
Citation Format: Mari L. Björkman, Elisa M. Vuorinen, Juho Jalkanen, Marie-Louise Fjällskog, Jussi Koivunen, Teppo Huttunen, Maija Hollmén, Petri Bono. Clever-1/PD-L1 ratio predicts response to Bexmarilimab, a novel macrophage-guided immunotherapy, in immune deprived cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4334.
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Vuorinen EM, Björkman ML, Virtakoivu R, Jalkanen J, Aakko S, Takeda A, Budde P, Zucht HD, Brautigam M, Ahangarianabhari B, Bono P, Hollmén M. Abstract 2269: Bexmarilimab induces B-cell activation and autoantibody production. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Bexmarilimab, a Clever-1 targeting humanized antibody, is a macrophage checkpoint inhibitor promoting antigen presentation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Data from the first-in-human clinical Phase I/II study (MATINS; NCT03733990) demonstrate that single agent bexmarilimab is able to ignite an interferon response with survival benefit in 30% of patients with advanced gastric cancer, cutaneous melanoma and cholangiocarcinoma (ASCO 2022). Since Clever-1 knockout mice have been reported to have enhanced T-cell antibody production and bexmarilimab increases peripheral B-cell populations, we investigated B-cell phenotype, clonality and autoantibody formation in bexmarilimab treatmented MATINS patients.
Methods: We first performed comprehensive phenotyping of peripheral B-cells from a colorectal carcinoma patient showing partial response (per RECIST v1.1). Autoantibody reactivities were measured in 80 serum samples of bexmarilimab treated patients (37 pre-treatment and 43 post-treatment samples from cycles 3 and 4) and compared to serums from 53 healthy individuals using Oncimmune's SeroTag multiplex technology with an immune-oncology (IO) specific protein array comprised of 1162 antigens.
Results: Single-cell sequencing together with BCR sequencing of the responder’s B-cells during cycle 4 revealed an induced and activated B-cell population consisting of four transcriptionally similar clusters expressing IGHM, IGHD, CD23 but not CD43 and one cluster expressing CD79B, PLD4 and MZB1, which was distant from the naïve CCR7 expressing B-cells and IGHA1 and IGHG1 expressing plasma blasts. The expansion of B-cells was not due to clonal expansion as no overlapping BCR clones were identified between B-cells at pre-dose and cycle 4. Autoantibody profiling revealed great inter-individual heterogeneity in the number and targets of induced antibodies among patients treated with bexmarilimab reflecting individual patterns in self- and tumor antigens. However, shared autoantibody changes against targets such as cancer testis antigens (GAGE2), typical autoimmune disease antigens (SNRPC, TPO, TOP1) and antigens related to the induction of innate immunity and interferon responses, e.g. TRIM21 were observed. Importantly, we identified a set of pre-treatment autoantibodies that were associated with longer time to disease progression and were predictive of clinical response (disease control rate [DCR], consisting of CR, PR, SD) and progression-free survival (PFS) on bexmarilimab therapy.
Conclusions: Our data implies that bexmarilimab can induce activation and secondary Ig rearrangements in mature B-cells, which has been reported to occur in germinal centres during T-cell dependent antibody responses to increase B-cell diversity and affinity of antigen receptors. B cell diversity and activation was reflected in patient autoantibody production and may enhance cancer immune recognition.
Citation Format: Elisa M. Vuorinen, Mari L. Björkman, Reetta Virtakoivu, Juho Jalkanen, Sofia Aakko, Akira Takeda, Petra Budde, Hans-Dieter Zucht, Manuel Brautigam, Behnaz Ahangarianabhari, Petri Bono, Maija Hollmén. Bexmarilimab induces B-cell activation and autoantibody production [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2269.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reetta Virtakoivu
- 2MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maija Hollmén
- 2MediCity Research Laboratory and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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6
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Taavitsainen S, Engedal N, Cao S, Handle F, Erickson A, Prekovic S, Wetterskog D, Tolonen T, Vuorinen EM, Kiviaho A, Nätkin R, Häkkinen T, Devlies W, Henttinen S, Kaarijärvi R, Lahnalampi M, Kaljunen H, Nowakowska K, Syvälä H, Bläuer M, Cremaschi P, Claessens F, Visakorpi T, Tammela TL, Murtola T, Granberg KJ, Lamb AD, Ketola K, Mills IG, Attard G, Wang W, Nykter M, Urbanucci A. Abstract 401: Single-cell transcriptome and chromatin sequencing uncover gene expression and gene regulatory patterns associated with enzalutamide resistance. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Resistance to androgen receptor-targeted therapy due to tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution is a key challenge for improving prostate cancer outcomes. Despite this, the transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility changes contributing to the emergence of resistance remain incompletely understood at the level of individual cells. Using single-cell assays for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC) and RNA sequencing in models of early treatment response and resistance to enzalutamide, we previously identified pre-existing and persistent cell subpopulations that possess regenerative potential when subjected to treatment. Here we analyze the chromatin and transcriptomes of these single cells to characterize their gene regulation and gene expression trajectories. We present evidence of a model of enzalutamide resistance emergence in which the pre-existing and treatment-persistent cells regenerate the bulk of resistant cells. This process is underpinned by chromatin reprogramming that increases the overall relaxation of chromatin upon resistance. We show that the reprogramming of the chromatin further differentially contributes to transcription factor-mediated transcriptional reprogramming via DNA motif exposure in different cell subpopulations. For example, in the treatment-persistent cells, we identify chromatin configurations characterized by the exposure of DNA motifs for GATA2, RELA (a NFkB subunit), CREB1, and E2F1. Pre-existing and treatment-persistent cells consistently display transcriptional features of high developmental potential and RNA velocity analysis identifies them as precursors of cell populations that arise from enzalutamide treatment. We also analyze the pre-existing and treatment-persistent cells in spatial transcriptomics of prostate cancer patient specimens based on their characteristic gene expression profiles. We find these cells to be enriched in cancerous regions of the tissue but also detect them within apparent benign regions, which has potential implications for treatment choice. In summary, we show patterns of gene expression regulation in preclinical models and patient samples that uncover mechanisms of resistance to androgen receptor-targeted therapy in prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Sinja Taavitsainen, Nikolai Engedal, Shaolong Cao, Florian Handle, Andrew Erickson, Stefan Prekovic, Daniel Wetterskog, Teemu Tolonen, Elisa M. Vuorinen, Antti Kiviaho, Reetta Nätkin, Tomi Häkkinen, Wout Devlies, Sallamari Henttinen, Roosa Kaarijärvi, Mari Lahnalampi, Heidi Kaljunen, Karolina Nowakowska, Heimo Syvälä, Merja Bläuer, Paolo Cremaschi, Frank Claessens, Tapio Visakorpi, Teuvo L. Tammela, Teemu Murtola, Kirsi J. Granberg, Alastair D. Lamb, Kirsi Ketola, Ian G. Mills, Gerhardt Attard, Wenyi Wang, Matti Nykter, Alfonso Urbanucci. Single-cell transcriptome and chromatin sequencing uncover gene expression and gene regulatory patterns associated with enzalutamide resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 401.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- 2Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shaolong Cao
- 3The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Stefan Prekovic
- 6Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Teemu Tolonen
- 8Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Antti Kiviaho
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reetta Nätkin
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomi Häkkinen
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heimo Syvälä
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja Bläuer
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paolo Cremaschi
- 7University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tapio Visakorpi
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Teemu Murtola
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Kirsi Ketola
- 10University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Gerhardt Attard
- 7University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wenyi Wang
- 3The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Matti Nykter
- 1Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alfonso Urbanucci
- 2Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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7
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Rodriguez-Martinez A, Vuorinen EM, Shcherban A, Uusi-Mäkelä J, Rajala NKM, Nykter M, Kallioniemi A. Novel ZNF414 activity characterized by integrative analysis of ChIP-exo, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 2022; 1865:194811. [PMID: 35318951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor binding to DNA is a central mechanism regulating gene expression. Thus, thorough characterization of this process is essential for understanding cellular biology in both health and disease. We combined data from three sequencing-based methods to unravel the DNA binding function of the novel ZNF414 protein in cells representing two tumor types. ChIP-exo served to map protein binding sites, ATAC-seq allowed identification of open chromatin, and RNA-seq examined the transcriptome. We show that ZNF414 is a DNA-binding protein that both induces and represses gene expression. This transcriptional response has an impact on cellular processes related to proliferation and other malignancy-associated functions, such as cell migration and DNA repair. Approximately 20% of the differentially expressed genes harbored ZNF414 binding sites in their promoters in accessible chromatin, likely representing direct targets of ZNF414. De novo motif discovery revealed several putative ZNF414 binding sequences, one of which was validated using EMSA. In conclusion, this study illustrates a highly efficient integrative approach for the characterization of the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rodriguez-Martinez
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Elisa M Vuorinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shcherban
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas Uusi-Mäkelä
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K M Rajala
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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8
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Taavitsainen S, Engedal N, Cao S, Handle F, Erickson A, Prekovic S, Wetterskog D, Tolonen T, Vuorinen EM, Kiviaho A, Nätkin R, Häkkinen T, Devlies W, Henttinen S, Kaarijärvi R, Lahnalampi M, Kaljunen H, Nowakowska K, Syvälä H, Bläuer M, Cremaschi P, Claessens F, Visakorpi T, Tammela TLJ, Murtola T, Granberg KJ, Lamb AD, Ketola K, Mills IG, Attard G, Wang W, Nykter M, Urbanucci A. Single-cell ATAC and RNA sequencing reveal pre-existing and persistent cells associated with prostate cancer relapse. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5307. [PMID: 34489465 PMCID: PMC8421417 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is heterogeneous and patients would benefit from methods that stratify those who are likely to respond to systemic therapy. Here, we employ single-cell assays for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC) and RNA sequencing in models of early treatment response and resistance to enzalutamide. In doing so, we identify pre-existing and treatment-persistent cell subpopulations that possess regenerative potential when subjected to treatment. We find distinct chromatin landscapes associated with enzalutamide treatment and resistance that are linked to alternative transcriptional programs. Transcriptional profiles characteristic of persistent cells are able to stratify the treatment response of patients. Ultimately, we show that defining changes in chromatin and gene expression in single-cell populations from pre-clinical models can reveal as yet unrecognized molecular predictors of treatment response. This suggests that the application of single-cell methods with high analytical resolution in pre-clinical models may powerfully inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Taavitsainen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - N Engedal
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Cao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Handle
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Erickson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Prekovic
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Wetterskog
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - T Tolonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - E M Vuorinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Kiviaho
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - R Nätkin
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - T Häkkinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - W Devlies
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Urology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Henttinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - R Kaarijärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Lahnalampi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Kaljunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K Nowakowska
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - H Syvälä
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Bläuer
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - P Cremaschi
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - F Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Visakorpi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - T L J Tammela
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - T Murtola
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - K J Granberg
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - A D Lamb
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital Cancer Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - K Ketola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - I G Mills
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - G Attard
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - W Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland.
| | - A Urbanucci
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Vuorinen EM, Rajala NK, Ihalainen TO, Kallioniemi A. Correction to: Depletion of nuclear import protein karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7) induces mitotic defects and deformation of nuclei in cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:57. [PMID: 30642282 PMCID: PMC6330744 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors notified us that the Additional File 1 contains reviewer comments instead of the Supplementary tables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Vuorinen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland
| | - Nina K Rajala
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland
| | - Teemu O Ihalainen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland.,Tampere Imaging Facility, BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, 100, 33014, Tampere, PL, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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10
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Martínez AR, Vuorinen EM, Shcherban A, Rajala NK, Nykter M, Kallioniemi A. Abstract 3353: ZNF414 as a functionally relevant transcription factor in pancreatic and breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Zinc Finger Protein 414 (ZNF414) is a member of the krüppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZNF414 is a cargo protein for Karyopherin α7 (KPNA7), a nuclear importer expressed during embryogenesis, absent in most adult tissues but re-expressed in cancer cells. KPNA7 is involved in promoting proliferation and maintaining nuclear morphology in several breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines. Similar effects on cell growth have been evidenced for ZNF414 using in vitro knock-down experiments. Other than this, the function of ZNF414 remains uncharacterized but, as a zinc finger protein with nuclear localization, it is likely to act as a transcription factor. This study aimed at identifying target genes and DNA binding motifs of ZNF414 in pancreatic and breast cancer cells. Methods: We used next generation sequencing methods on Hs700T and MCF-7 cell lines. RNA-seq was used to identify genes regulated by ZNF414 and ChIP-exo and ATAC-seq analyses to uncover its genomic binding regions. Samples for RNA-seq were collected 12h and 24h after transfection with siRNAs targeting ZNF414. For ChIP-exo and ATAC-seq experiments, cells were transfected to transiently overexpress V5-tagged ZNF414. Results: RNA-seq data analyses revealed 33 and 296 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Hs700T cells at 12h and 24h time points, respectively. The corresponding amounts of DEGs in MCF-7 cell line were 177 and 556. There were 23 and 108 DEGs in common to both cell lines at 12h and 24h, respectively. Interestingly, gene ontology analyses revealed enrichment of many functional categories related to cellular proliferation in both cell lines, providing a molecular explanation for the observed ZNF414-elicited phenotype. ChIP-exo data was processed using MACE tool and then combined with the ATAC-seq open chromatin signal to identify the most reliable peaks. We looked at the genomic location of these peaks and observed clear enrichment in the promoter and 5'UTR regions, indicating that ZNF414 is a classical transcription factor. Using MEME for de novo motif discovery analyses, we identified several putative binding motifs common to both cell lines, some of which were also found in promoters of DEGs. Conclusion: This study uncovered the transcriptional regulation that underlies the role of ZNF414 as inducer of cellular proliferation in pancreatic and breast cancer cells.
Citation Format: Alejandra Rodríguez Martínez, Elisa M. Vuorinen, Anastasia Shcherban, Nina K. Rajala, Matti Nykter, Anne Kallioniemi. ZNF414 as a functionally relevant transcription factor in pancreatic and breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3353.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa M. Vuorinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere; BioMediTech Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shcherban
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere; BioMediTech Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K. Rajala
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere; BioMediTech Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere; BioMediTech Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere; BioMediTech Institute, Tampere, Finland
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11
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Luoto S, Hermelo I, Vuorinen EM, Hannus P, Kesseli J, Nykter M, Granberg KJ. Computational Characterization of Suppressive Immune Microenvironments in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5574-5585. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Vuorinen EM, Rajala NK, Ihalainen TO, Kallioniemi A. Depletion of nuclear import protein karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7) induces mitotic defects and deformation of nuclei in cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:325. [PMID: 29580221 PMCID: PMC5870926 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleocytoplasmic transport is a tightly regulated process carried out by specific transport machinery, the defects of which may lead to a number of diseases including cancer. Karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7), the newest member of the karyopherin alpha nuclear importer family, is expressed at a high level during embryogenesis, reduced to very low or absent levels in most adult tissues but re-expressed in cancer cells. Methods We used siRNA-based knock-down of KPNA7 in cancer cell lines, followed by functional assays (proliferation and cell cycle) and immunofluorescent stainings to determine the role of KPNA7 in regulation of cancer cell growth, proper mitosis and nuclear morphology. Results In the present study, we show that the silencing of KPNA7 results in a dramatic reduction in pancreatic and breast cancer cell growth, irrespective of the endogenous KPNA7 expression level. This growth inhibition is accompanied by a decrease in the fraction of S-phase cells as well as aberrant number of centrosomes and severe distortion of the mitotic spindles. In addition, KPNA7 depletion leads to reorganization of lamin A/C and B1, the main nuclear lamina proteins, and drastic alterations in nuclear morphology with lobulated and elongated nuclei. Conclusions Taken together, our data provide new important evidence on the contribution of KPNA7 to the regulation of cancer cell growth and the maintenance of nuclear envelope environment, and thus deepens our understanding on the impact of nuclear transfer proteins in cancer pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Vuorinen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K Rajala
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu O Ihalainen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere Imaging Facility, BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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13
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Vuorinen EM, Rajala NK, Rauhala HE, Nurminen AT, Hytönen VP, Kallioniemi A. Search for KPNA7 cargo proteins in human cells reveals MVP and ZNF414 as novel regulators of cancer cell growth. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:211-219. [PMID: 27664836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7) belongs to a family of nuclear import proteins that recognize and bind nuclear localization signals (NLSs) in proteins to be transported to the nucleus. Previously we found that KPNA7 is overexpressed in a subset of pancreatic cancer cell lines and acts as a critical regulator of growth in these cells. This characteristic of KPNA7 is likely to be mediated by its cargo proteins that are still mainly unknown. Here, we used protein affinity chromatography in Hs700T and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell lines and identified 377 putative KPNA7 cargo proteins, most of which were known or predicted to localize to the nucleus. The interaction was confirmed for two of the candidates, MVP and ZNF414, using co-immunoprecipitation, and their transport to the nucleus was hindered by siRNA based KPNA7 silencing. Most importantly, silencing of MVP and ZNF414 resulted in marked reduction in Hs700T cell growth. In conclusion, these data uncover two previously unknown human KPNA7 cargo proteins with distinct roles as novel regulators of pancreatic cancer cell growth, thus deepening our understanding on the contribution of nuclear transport in cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Vuorinen
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Nina K Rajala
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Hanna E Rauhala
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Anssi T Nurminen
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- University of Tampere, BioMediTech, PL 100, 33014 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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14
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Laitinen VH, Rantapero T, Fischer D, Vuorinen EM, Tammela TL, Wahlfors T, Schleutker J. Fine-mapping the 2q37 and 17q11.2-q22 loci for novel genes and sequence variants associated with a genetic predisposition to prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 136:2316-27. [PMID: 25335771 PMCID: PMC4355047 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The 2q37 and 17q12-q22 loci are linked to an increased prostate cancer (PrCa) risk. No candidate gene has been localized at 2q37 and the HOXB13 variant G84E only partially explains the linkage to 17q21-q22 observed in Finland. We screened these regions by targeted DNA sequencing to search for cancer-associated variants. Altogether, four novel susceptibility alleles were identified. Two ZNF652 (17q21.3) variants, rs116890317 and rs79670217, increased the risk of both sporadic and hereditary PrCa (rs116890317: OR = 3.3-7.8, p = 0.003-3.3 × 10(-5) ; rs79670217: OR = 1.6-1.9, p = 0.002-0.009). The HDAC4 (2q37.2) variant rs73000144 (OR = 14.6, p = 0.018) and the EFCAB13 (17q21.3) variant rs118004742 (OR = 1.8, p = 0.048) were overrepresented in patients with familial PrCa. To map the variants within 2q37 and 17q11.2-q22 that may regulate PrCa-associated genes, we combined DNA sequencing results with transcriptome data obtained by RNA sequencing. This expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis identified 272 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) possibly regulating six genes that were differentially expressed between cases and controls. In a modified approach, prefiltered PrCa-associated SNPs were exploited and interestingly, a novel eQTL targeting ZNF652 was identified. The novel variants identified in this study could be utilized for PrCa risk assessment, and they further validate the suggested role of ZNF652 as a PrCa candidate gene. The regulatory regions discovered by eQTL mapping increase our understanding of the relationship between regulation of gene expression and susceptibility to PrCa and provide a valuable starting point for future functional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virpi H. Laitinen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tommi Rantapero
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniel Fischer
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Elisa M. Vuorinen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L.J. Tammela
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital and Medical School, University of Tampere, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Tiina Wahlfors
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
- Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, FI-20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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