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Mazzeo L, Ghosh S, Di Cicco E, Isma J, Tavernari D, Samarkina A, Ostano P, Youssef MK, Simon C, Dotto GP. ANKRD1 is a mesenchymal-specific driver of cancer-associated fibroblast activation bridging androgen receptor loss to AP-1 activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1038. [PMID: 38310103 PMCID: PMC10838290 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
There are significant commonalities among several pathologies involving fibroblasts, ranging from auto-immune diseases to fibrosis and cancer. Early steps in cancer development and progression are closely linked to fibroblast senescence and transformation into tumor-promoting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), suppressed by the androgen receptor (AR). Here, we identify ANKRD1 as a mesenchymal-specific transcriptional coregulator under direct AR negative control in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and a key driver of CAF conversion, independent of cellular senescence. ANKRD1 expression in CAFs is associated with poor survival in HNSCC, lung, and cervical SCC patients, and controls a specific gene expression program of myofibroblast CAFs (my-CAFs). ANKRD1 binds to the regulatory region of my-CAF effector genes in concert with AP-1 transcription factors, and promotes c-JUN and FOS association. Targeting ANKRD1 disrupts AP-1 complex formation, reverses CAF activation, and blocks the pro-tumorigenic properties of CAFs in an orthotopic skin cancer model. ANKRD1 thus represents a target for fibroblast-directed therapy in cancer and potentially beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Mazzeo
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Soumitra Ghosh
- ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jovan Isma
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Tavernari
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Paola Ostano
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Edo and Elvo Tempia Valenta Foundation, Biella, 13900, Italy
| | - Markus K Youssef
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Christian Simon
- ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - G Paolo Dotto
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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2
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Miro C, Nappi A, Sagliocchi S, Di Cicco E, Murolo M, Torabinejad S, Acampora L, Pastore A, Luciano P, La Civita E, Terracciano D, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M, Cicatiello AG. Thyroid Hormone Regulates the Lipid Content of Muscle Fibers, Thus Affecting Physical Exercise Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12074. [PMID: 37569453 PMCID: PMC10418733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SkM) lipid composition plays an essential role in physiological muscle maintenance and exercise performance. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate muscle formation and fuel energy utilization by modulating carbohydrates and lipid and protein metabolism. The best-known effects of THs in SkM include the promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis, the fiber-type switch from oxidative to glycolytic fibers, and enhanced angiogenesis. To assess the role of THs on the lipidic composition of SkM fibers, we performed lipidomic analyses of SkM cells and tissues, glucose tolerance experiments, and exercise performance tests. Our data demonstrated that TH treatment induces remodeling of the lipid profile and changes the proportion of fatty acids in SkM. In brief, THs significantly reduced the ratio of stearic/oleic acid in the muscle similar to what is induced by physical activity. The increased proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was linked to an improvement in insulin sensitivity and endurance exercise. These findings point to THs as critical endocrine factors affecting exercise performance and indicate that homeostatic maintenance of TH signals, by improving cell permeability and receptor stability at the cell membrane, is crucial for muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Lucia Acampora
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Arianna Pastore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80149 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (P.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (S.S.); (E.D.C.); (M.M.); (S.T.); (L.A.); (M.D.); (A.G.C.)
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3
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Nappi A, Miro C, Pezone A, Tramontano A, Di Cicco E, Sagliocchi S, Cicatiello AG, Murolo M, Torabinejad S, Abbotto E, Caiazzo G, Raia M, Stornaiuolo M, Antonini D, Fabbrocini G, Salvatore D, Avvedimento VE, Dentice M. Loss of p53 activates thyroid hormone via type 2 deiodinase and enhances DNA damage. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1244. [PMID: 36871014 PMCID: PMC9985592 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Thyroid Hormone (TH) activating enzyme, type 2 Deiodinase (D2), is functionally required to elevate the TH concentration during cancer progression to advanced stages. However, the mechanisms regulating D2 expression in cancer still remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the cell stress sensor and tumor suppressor p53 silences D2 expression, thereby lowering the intracellular THs availability. Conversely, even partial loss of p53 elevates D2/TH resulting in stimulation and increased fitness of tumor cells by boosting a significant transcriptional program leading to modulation of genes involved in DNA damage and repair and redox signaling. In vivo genetic deletion of D2 significantly reduces cancer progression and suggests that targeting THs may represent a general tool reducing invasiveness in p53-mutated neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pezone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tramontano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Abbotto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Caiazzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80149, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Antonini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131, Naples, Italy.,Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Enrico Avvedimento
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., 80131, Naples, Italy.
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4
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Goruppi S, Clocchiatti A, Bottoni G, Di Cicco E, Ma M, Tassone B, Neel V, Demehri S, Simon C, Paolo Dotto G. The ULK3 kinase is a determinant of keratinocyte self-renewal and tumorigenesis targeting the arginine methylome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:887. [PMID: 36797248 PMCID: PMC9935893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms oversee epidermal homeostasis and oncogenesis. The identification of kinases controlling these processes has direct therapeutic implications. We show that ULK3 is a nuclear kinase with elevated expression levels in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) arising in multiple body sites, including skin and Head/Neck. ULK3 loss by gene silencing or deletion reduces proliferation and clonogenicity of human keratinocytes and SCC-derived cells and affects transcription impinging on stem cell-related and metabolism programs. Mechanistically, ULK3 directly binds and regulates the activity of two histone arginine methyltransferases, PRMT1 and PRMT5 (PRMT1/5), with ULK3 loss compromising PRMT1/5 chromatin association to specific genes and overall methylation of histone H4, a shared target of these enzymes. These findings are of translational significance, as downmodulating ULK3 by RNA interference or locked antisense nucleic acids (LNAs) blunts the proliferation and tumorigenic potential of SCC cells and promotes differentiation in two orthotopic models of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Goruppi
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA.
| | - Andrea Clocchiatti
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Bottoni
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Min Ma
- Personalized Cancer Prevention Research Unit and Head and Neck Surgery Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Tassone
- Personalized Cancer Prevention Research Unit and Head and Neck Surgery Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Victor Neel
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Shadhmer Demehri
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Christian Simon
- Personalized Cancer Prevention Research Unit and Head and Neck Surgery Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - G Paolo Dotto
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA.
- Personalized Cancer Prevention Research Unit and Head and Neck Surgery Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland.
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland.
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5
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Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Nappi A, Di Cicco E, Miro C, Murolo M, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M. Thyroid hormone regulates glutamine metabolism and anaplerotic fluxes by inducing mitochondrial glutamate aminotransferase GPT2. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110562. [PMID: 35320718 PMCID: PMC8961412 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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6
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Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Nappi A, Di Cicco E, Miro C, Murolo M, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M. Thyroid hormone regulates glutamine metabolism and anaplerotic fluxes by inducing mitochondrial glutamate aminotransferase GPT2. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110409. [PMID: 35196498 PMCID: PMC8889437 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are key metabolic regulators coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. In skeletal muscle, THs modulate energy metabolism in pathophysiological conditions. Indeed, hypo- and hyperthyroidism are leading causes of muscle weakness and strength; however, the metabolic pathways underlying these effects are still poorly understood. Using molecular, biochemical, and isotope-tracing approaches combined with mass spectrometry and denervation experiments, we find that THs regulate glutamine metabolism and anaplerotic fluxes by up-regulating the glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) gene. In humans, GPT2 autosomal recessive mutations cause a neurological syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, microcephaly, and progressive motor symptoms. Here, we demonstrate a role of the TH/GPT2 axis in skeletal muscle in which it regulates muscle weight and fiber diameter in resting and atrophic conditions and results in protection from muscle loss during atrophy. These results describe an anabolic route by which THs rewire glutamine metabolism toward the maintenance of muscle mass. THs induce the expression of the mitochondrial GPT2 gene in skeletal muscle The GPT2 up-regulation by THs enhances anaplerotic cycles and α-KG production GPT2 is reduced during muscle atrophy and is reactivated by THs treatment GPT2 KO+/– mice undergo muscle loss that is partially attenuated by THs
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, NA 80138 Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, NA 80131, Italy.
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7
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Nappi A, Murolo M, Sagliocchi S, Miro C, Cicatiello AG, Di Cicco E, Di Paola R, Raia M, D’Esposito L, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M. Selective Inhibition of Genomic and Non-Genomic Effects of Thyroid Hormone Regulates Muscle Cell Differentiation and Metabolic Behavior. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7175. [PMID: 34281225 PMCID: PMC8269436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of different biological processes. Their action involves genomic and non-genomic mechanisms, which together mediate the final effects of TH in target tissues. However, the proportion of the two processes and their contribution to the TH-mediated effects are still poorly understood. Skeletal muscle is a classical target tissue for TH, which regulates muscle strength and contraction, as well as energetic metabolism of myofibers. Here we address the different contribution of genomic and non-genomic action of TH in skeletal muscle cells by specifically silencing the deiodinase Dio2 or the β3-Integrin expression via CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We found that myoblast proliferation is inversely regulated by integrin signal and the D2-dependent TH activation. Similarly, inhibition of the nuclear receptor action reduced myoblast proliferation, confirming that genomic action of TH attenuates proliferative rates. Contrarily, genomic and non-genomic signals promote muscle differentiation and the regulation of the redox state. Taken together, our data reveal that integration of genomic and non-genomic signal pathways finely regulates skeletal muscle physiology. These findings not only contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in TH modulation of muscle physiology but also add insight into the interplay between different mechanisms of action of TH in muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Rossella Di Paola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Maddalena Raia
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Lucia D’Esposito
- Centro Servizi Veterinari, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (R.D.P.)
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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8
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Di Cicco E, Moran C, Visser WE, Nappi A, Schoenmakers E, Todd P, Lyons G, Dattani M, Ambrosio R, Parisi S, Salvatore D, Chatterjee K, Dentice M. Germ Line Mutations in the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha Gene Predispose to Cutaneous Tags and Melanocytic Nevi. Thyroid 2021; 31:1114-1126. [PMID: 33509032 PMCID: PMC8290313 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Many physiological effects of thyroid hormone (TH) are mediated by its canonical action via nuclear receptors (TH receptor α and β [TRα and TRβ]) to regulate transcription of target genes. Heterozygous dominant negative mutations in human TRα mediate resistance to thyroid hormone alpha (RTHα), characterized by features of hypothyroidism (e.g., skeletal dysplasia, neurodevelopmental retardation, constipation) in specific tissues, but near-normal circulating TH concentrations. Hitherto, 41 RTHα cases have been recorded worldwide. Methods: RTHα cases (n = 10) attending a single center underwent cutaneous assessment, recording skin lesions. Lesions excised from different RTHα patients were analyzed histologically and profiled for cellular markers of proliferation and oncogenic potential. Proliferative characteristics of dermal fibroblasts and inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived keratinocytes from patients and control subjects were analyzed. Results: Multiple skin tags and nevi were recorded in all cases, mainly in the head and neck area with a predilection for flexures. The affected patients had highly deleterious mutations (p.E403X, p.E403K, p.F397fs406X, p.A382PfsX7) involving TRα1 alone or mild/moderate loss-of-function mutations (p.A263V, p.L274P) common to TRα1 and TRα2 isoforms. In four patients, although lesions excised for cosmetic reasons were benign intradermal melanocytic nevi histologically, they significantly overexpressed markers of cell proliferation (K17, cyclin D1) and type 3 deiodinase. In addition, oncogenic markers typical of basal cell carcinoma (Gli-1, Gli-2, Ptch-1, n = 2 cases) and melanoma (c-kit, MAGE, CDK4, n = 1) were markedly upregulated in skin lesions. Cell cycle progression and proliferation of TRα mutation-containing dermal fibroblasts and iPSC-derived keratinocytes from patients were markedly increased. Conclusions: Our observations highlight frequent occurrence of skin tags and benign melanocytic nevi in RTHα, with cutaneous cells from patients being in a hyperproliferative state. Such excess of skin lesions, including nevi expressing oncogenic markers, indicates that dermatologic surveillance of RTHα patients, monitoring lesions for features that are suspicious for neoplastic change, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Moran
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - W. Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Erik Schoenmakers
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Todd
- Department of Dermatology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Greta Lyons
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mehul Dattani
- Genetics and Genomics Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health London; Great Ormond St Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Great Ormond St Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Silvia Parisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, and University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Krishna Chatterjee
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to: Krishna Chatterjee, MD, Level 4, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Box 289, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Address correspondence to: Monica Dentice, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
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9
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Miro C, Nappi A, Cicatiello AG, Di Cicco E, Sagliocchi S, Murolo M, Belli V, Troiani T, Albanese S, Amiranda S, Zavacki AM, Stornaiuolo M, Mancini M, Salvatore D, Dentice M. Thyroid Hormone Enhances Angiogenesis and the Warburg Effect in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112743. [PMID: 34205977 PMCID: PMC8199095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to promote growth, survival, proliferation, and long-term maintenance. Aerobic glycolysis is a prominent trait of many cancers; contextually, glutamine addiction, enhanced glucose uptake and aerobic glycolysis sustain the metabolic needs of rapidly proliferating cancer cells. Thyroid hormone (TH) is a positive regulator of tumor progression and metastatic conversion of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Accordingly, overexpression of the TH activating enzyme, D2, is associated with metastatic SCC. The aim of our study was to assess the ability of TH and its activating enzyme in promoting key tracts of cancer progression such as angiogenesis, response to hypoxia and metabolic adaptation. By performing in vivo and in vitro studies, we demonstrate that TH induces VEGF-A in cancer cells and fosters aerobic glycolysis inducing pro-glycolytic mediators, thus implying that TH signal attenuation represents a therapeutic tool to contrast tumor angiogenesis and tumor progression. Abstract Cancer angiogenesis is required to support energetic demand and metabolic stress, particularly during conditions of hypoxia. Coupled to neo-vasculogenesis, cancer cells rewire metabolic programs to sustain growth, survival and long-term maintenance. Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling regulates growth and differentiation in a variety of cell types and tissues, thus modulating hyper proliferative processes such as cancer. Herein, we report that TH coordinates a global program of metabolic reprogramming and induces angiogenesis through up-regulation of the VEGF-A gene, which results in the enhanced proliferation of tumor endothelial cells. In vivo conditional depletion of the TH activating enzyme in a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) reduces the concentration of TH in the tumoral cells and results in impaired VEGF-A production and attenuated angiogenesis. In addition, we found that TH induces the expression of the glycolytic genes and fosters lactate production, which are key traits of the Warburg effect. Taken together, our results reveal a TH–VEGF-A–HIF1α regulatory axis leading to enhanced angiogenesis and glycolytic flux, which may represent a target for SCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Valentina Belli
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (V.B.); (T.T.)
| | - Teresa Troiani
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (V.B.); (T.T.)
| | - Sandra Albanese
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Sara Amiranda
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ann Marie Zavacki
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 01451, USA;
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marcello Mancini
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.M.); (A.N.); (A.G.C.); (E.D.C.); (S.S.); (M.M.)
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Mancino G, Sibilio A, Luongo C, Di Cicco E, Miro C, Cicatiello AG, Nappi A, Sagliocchi S, Ambrosio R, De Stefano MA, Di Girolamo D, Porcelli T, Murolo M, Saracino F, Perruolo G, Formisano P, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M. The Thyroid Hormone Inactivator Enzyme, Type 3 Deiodinase, Is Essential for Coordination of Keratinocyte Growth and Differentiation. Thyroid 2020; 30:1066-1078. [PMID: 32111151 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of development, tissue differentiation, and maintenance of metabolic balance in virtually every cell of the body. Accordingly, severe alteration of TH action during fetal life leads to permanent deficits in humans. The skin is among the few adult tissues expressing the oncofetal protein type 3 deiodinase (D3), the TH inactivating enzyme. Here, we demonstrate that D3 is dynamically regulated during epidermal ontogenesis. Methods: To investigate the function of D3 in a postdevelopmental context, we used a mouse model of conditional epidermal-specific D3 depletion. Loss of D3 resulted in tissue hypoplasia and enhanced epidermal differentiation in a cell-autonomous manner. Results: Accordingly, wound healing repair and hair follicle cycle were altered in the D3-depleted epidermis. Further, in vitro ablation of D3 in primary culture of keratinocytes indicated that various markers of stratified epithelial layers were upregulated, thereby confirming the pro-differentiative action of D3 depletion and the consequent increased intracellular triiodothyronine levels. Notably, loss of D3 reduced the clearance of systemic TH in vivo, thereby demonstrating the critical requirement for epidermal D3 in the maintenance of TH homeostasis. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results show that the D3 enzyme is a key TH-signaling component in the skin, thereby providing a striking example of a physiological context for deiodinase-mediated TH metabolism, as well as a rationale for therapeutic manipulation of deiodinases in pathophysiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Sibilio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Public Health, and Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Public Health, and Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Public Health, and Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Porcelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Melania Murolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Saracino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perruolo
- Department of Department of Translational Medicine, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Department of Translational Medicine, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy; Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR); University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
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11
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Nappi A, Di Cicco E, Miro C, Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Mancino G, Ambrosio R, Luongo C, Di Girolamo D, De Stefano MA, Porcelli T, Stornaiuolo M, Dentice M. The NANOG Transcription Factor Induces Type 2 Deiodinase Expression and Regulates the Intracellular Activation of Thyroid Hormone in Keratinocyte Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030715. [PMID: 32197405 PMCID: PMC7140064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates the invasiveness and metastatic spread of SCC. Although D2 plays multiple roles in cancer progression, nothing is known about the mechanisms regulating D2 in cancer. To address this issue, we investigated putative upstream regulators of D2 in keratinocyte carcinomas. We found that the expression of D2 in SCC cells is positively regulated by the NANOG transcription factor, whose expression, besides being causally linked to embryonic stemness, is associated with many human cancers. We also found that NANOG binds to the D2 promoter and enhances D2 transcription. Notably, blockage of D2 activity reduced NANOG-induced cell migration as well as the expression of key genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in SCC cells. In conclusion, our study reveals a link among endogenous endocrine regulators of cancer, thyroid hormone and its activating enzyme, and the NANOG regulator of cancer biology. These findings could provide the basis for the development of TH inhibitors as context-dependent anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | | | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (D.D.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (D.D.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
| | - Tommaso Porcelli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.L.); (D.D.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.N.); (E.D.C.); (C.M.); (A.G.C.); (S.S.); (G.M.); (M.A.D.S.)
- CEINGE–Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Miro C, Di Cicco E, Ambrosio R, Mancino G, Di Girolamo D, Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Nappi A, De Stefano MA, Luongo C, Antonini D, Visconte F, Varricchio S, Ilardi G, Del Vecchio L, Staibano S, Boelen A, Blanpain C, Missero C, Salvatore D, Dentice M. Author Correction: Thyroid hormone induces progression and invasiveness of squamous cell carcinomas by promoting a ZEB-1/E-cadherin switch. Nat Commun 2020; 11:245. [PMID: 31913269 PMCID: PMC6949238 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Antonini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Varricchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ilardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Staibano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caterina Missero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.,Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.
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13
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Miro C, Di Cicco E, Ambrosio R, Mancino G, Di Girolamo D, Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Nappi A, De Stefano MA, Luongo C, Antonini D, Visconte F, Varricchio S, Ilardi G, Del Vecchio L, Staibano S, Boelen A, Blanpain C, Missero C, Salvatore D, Dentice M. Thyroid hormone induces progression and invasiveness of squamous cell carcinomas by promoting a ZEB-1/E-cadherin switch. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5410. [PMID: 31776338 PMCID: PMC6881453 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tumor progression often involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We report that increased intracellular levels of thyroid hormone (TH) promote the EMT and malignant evolution of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. TH induces the EMT by transcriptionally up-regulating ZEB-1, mesenchymal genes and metalloproteases and suppresses E-cadherin expression. Accordingly, in human SCC, elevated D2 (the T3-producing enzyme) correlates with tumor grade and is associated with an increased risk of postsurgical relapse and shorter disease-free survival. These data provide the first in vivo demonstration that TH and its activating enzyme, D2, play an effective role not only in the EMT but also in the entire neoplastic cascade starting from tumor formation up to metastatic transformation, and supports the concept that TH is an EMT promoter. Our studies indicate that tumor progression relies on precise T3 availability, suggesting that pharmacological inactivation of D2 and TH signaling may suppress the metastatic proclivity of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Antonini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Varricchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ilardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Staibano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caterina Missero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.
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14
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Sagliocchi S, Cicatiello AG, Di Cicco E, Ambrosio R, Miro C, Di Girolamo D, Nappi A, Mancino G, De Stefano MA, Luongo C, Raia M, Ogawa-Wong AN, Zavacki AM, Paladino S, Salvatore D, Dentice M. The thyroid hormone activating enzyme, type 2 deiodinase, induces myogenic differentiation by regulating mitochondrial metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101228. [PMID: 31153038 PMCID: PMC6543119 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) is a key metabolic regulator that acts by coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. Accordingly, significant metabolic changes are observed depending on thyroid status. Although it is established that hyperthyroidism augments basal energy consumption, thus resulting in an enhanced metabolic state, the net effects on cellular respiration and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) remain unclear. To elucidate the effects of augmented TH signal in muscle cells, we generated a doxycycline-inducible cell line in which the expression of the TH-activating enzyme, type 2 deiodinase (D2), is reversibly turned on by the "Tet-ON" system. Interestingly, increased intracellular TH caused a net shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and a consequent increase in the extracellular acidification rate. As a result, mitochondrial ROS production, and both the basal and doxorubicin-induced production of cellular ROS were reduced. Importantly, the expression of a set of antioxidant genes was up-regulated, and, among them, the mitochondrial scavenger Sod2 was specifically induced at transcriptional level by D2-mediated TH activation. Finally, we observed that attenuation of oxidative stress and increased levels of SOD2 are key elements of the differentiating cascade triggered by TH and D2, thereby establishing that D2 is essential in coordinating metabolic reprogramming of myocytes during myogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our findings indicate that TH plays a key role in oxidative stress dynamics by regulating ROS generation. Our novel finding that TH and its intracellular metabolism act as mitochondrial detoxifying agents sheds new light on metabolic processes relevant to muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Ann Marie Zavacki
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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15
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Rurale G, Cicco ED, Dentice M, Salvatore D, Persani L, Marelli F, Luongo C. Thyroid Hormone Hyposensitivity: From Genotype to Phenotype and Back. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:912. [PMID: 32038483 PMCID: PMC6992580 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone action defects (THADs) have been classically considered conditions of impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone (TH). They were originally referring to alterations in TH receptor genes (THRA and THRB), but the discovery of genetic mutations and polymorphisms causing alterations in cell membrane transport (e.g., MCT8) and metabolism (e.g., SECISBP2, DIO2) led recently to a new and broader definition of TH hyposensitivity (THH), including not only THADs but all defects that could interfere with the activity of TH. Due to the different functions and tissue-specific expression of these genes, affected patients exhibit highly variable phenotypes. Some of them are characterized by a tissue hypothyroidism or well-recognizable alterations in the thyroid function tests (TFTs), whereas others display a combination of hypo- and hyperthyroid manifestations with normal or only subtle biochemical defects. The huge effort of basic research has greatly aided the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying THADs, dissecting the morphological and functional alterations on target tissues, and defining the related-changes in the biochemical profile. In this review, we describe different pictures in which a specific alteration in the TFTs (TSH, T4, and T3 levels) is caused by defects in a specific gene. Altogether these findings can help clinicians to early recognize and diagnose THH and to perform a more precise genetic screening and therapeutic intervention. On the other hand, the identification of new genetic variants will allow the generation of cell-based and animal models to give novel insight into thyroid physiology and establish new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Rurale
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marelli
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Marelli
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Badolati N, Sommella E, Riccio G, Salviati E, Heintz D, Bottone S, Di Cicco E, Dentice M, Tenore G, Campiglia P, Stornaiuolo M, Novellino E. Annurca Apple Polyphenols Ignite Keratin Production in Hair Follicles by Inhibiting the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Amino Acid Oxidation. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101406. [PMID: 30279339 PMCID: PMC6213762 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterned hair loss (PHL) affects around 50% of the adult population worldwide. The negative impact that this condition exerts on people’s life quality has boosted the appearance of over-the-counter products endowed with hair-promoting activity. Nutraceuticals enriched in polyphenols have been recently shown to promote hair growth and counteract PHL. Malus pumila Miller cv. Annurca is an apple native to Southern Italy presenting one of the highest contents of Procyanidin B2. We have recently shown that oral consumption of Annurca polyphenolic extracts (AAE) stimulates hair growth, hair number, hair weight and keratin content in healthy human subjects. Despite its activity, the analysis of the molecular mechanism behind its hair promoting effect is still partially unclear. In this work we performed an unprecedented metabolite analysis of hair follicles (HFs) in mice topically treated with AAE. The metabolomic profile, based on a high-resolution mass spectrometry approach, revealed that AAE re-programs murine HF metabolism. AAE acts by inhibiting several NADPH dependent reactions. Glutaminolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione, citrulline and nucleotide synthesis are all halted in vivo by the treatment of HFs with AAE. On the contrary, mitochondrial respiration, β-oxidation and keratin production are stimulated by the treatment with AAE. The metabolic shift induced by AAE spares amino acids from being oxidized, ultimately keeping them available for keratin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Badolati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Riccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Dimitri Heintz
- Plant Imaging and Mass Spectrometry, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sara Bottone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II. Via Montesano 49, 80149 Naples, Italy.
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Miro C, Ambrosio R, De Stefano MA, Di Girolamo D, Di Cicco E, Cicatiello AG, Mancino G, Porcelli T, Raia M, Del Vecchio L, Salvatore D, Dentice M. The Concerted Action of Type 2 and Type 3 Deiodinases Regulates the Cell Cycle and Survival of Basal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Thyroid 2017; 27:567-576. [PMID: 28088877 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) mediate pleiotropic cellular processes involved in metabolism, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. The intracellular hormonal environment can be tailored by the type 1 and 2 deiodinase enzymes D2 and D3, which catalyze TH activation and inactivation respectively. In many cellular systems, THs exert well-documented stimulatory or inhibitory effects on cell proliferation; however, the molecular mechanisms by which they control rates of cell cycle progression have not yet been entirely clarified. We previously showed that D3 depletion or TH treatment influences the proliferation and survival of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells. Surprisingly, we also found that BCC cells express not only sustained levels of D3 but also robust levels of D2. The aim of the present study was to dissect the contribution of D2 to TH metabolism in the BCC context, and to identify the molecular changes associated with cell proliferation and survival induced by TH and mediated by D2 and D3. METHODS We used the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to genetically deplete D2 and D3 in BCC cells and studied the consequences of depletion on cell cycle progression and on cell death. Cell cycle progression was analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis of synchronized cells, and the apoptosis rate by annexin V incorporation. RESULTS Mechanistic investigations revealed that D2 inactivation accelerates cell cycle progression thereby enhancing the proportion of S-phase cells and cyclin D1 expression. Conversely, D3 mutagenesis drastically suppressed cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of BCC cells. Furthermore, the basal apoptotic rate was oppositely regulated in D2- and D3-depleted cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that BCC cells constitute an example in which the TH signal is finely tuned by the concerted expression of opposite-acting deiodinases. The dual regulation of D2 and D3 expression plays a critical role in cell cycle progression and cell death by influencing cyclin D1-mediated entry into the G1-S phase. These findings reinforce the concept that TH is a potential therapeutic target in human BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ambrosio
- 2 Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-SDN , Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Mancino
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Tommaso Porcelli
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
| | - Maddalena Raia
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- 1 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II" , Napoli, Italy
- 3 Centro di Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy
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Di Girolamo D, Ambrosio R, De Stefano MA, Mancino G, Porcelli T, Luongo C, Di Cicco E, Scalia G, Vecchio LD, Colao A, Dlugosz AA, Missero C, Salvatore D, Dentice M. Reciprocal interplay between thyroid hormone and microRNA-21 regulates hedgehog pathway-driven skin tumorigenesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:2308-20. [PMID: 27159391 DOI: 10.1172/jci84465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid hormone-inactivating (TH-inactivating) enzyme type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) is an oncofetal protein that is rarely expressed in adult life but has been shown to be reactivated in the context of proliferation and neoplasms. D3 terminates TH action within the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing cancer cell proliferation. However, the pathological role of D3 and the contribution of TH metabolism in cancer have yet to be fully explored. Here, we describe a reciprocal regulation between TH action and the cancer-associated microRNA-21 (miR21) in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) skin tumors. We found that, besides being negatively regulated by TH at the transcriptional level, miR21 attenuates the TH signal by increasing D3 levels. The ability of miR21 to positively regulate D3 was mediated by the tumor suppressor gene GRHL3, a hitherto unrecognized D3 transcriptional inhibitor. Finally, in a BCC mouse model, keratinocyte-specific D3 depletion markedly reduced tumor growth. Together, our results establish TH action as a critical hub of multiple oncogenic pathways and provide functional and mechanistic evidence of the involvement of TH metabolism in BCC tumorigenesis. Moreover, our results identify a miR21/GRHL3/D3 axis that reduces TH in the tumor microenvironment and has potential to be targeted as a therapeutic approach to BCC.
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