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Pellegrino E, Aylan B, Bussi C, Fearns A, Bernard EM, Athanasiadi N, Santucci P, Botella L, Gutierrez MG. Peroxisomal ROS control cytosolic Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202303066. [PMID: 37737955 PMCID: PMC10515436 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many metabolic processes including lipid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) turnover, and antimicrobial immune responses. However, the cellular mechanisms by which peroxisomes contribute to bacterial elimination in macrophages remain elusive. Here, we investigated peroxisome function in iPSC-derived human macrophages (iPSDM) during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We discovered that Mtb-triggered peroxisome biogenesis requires the ESX-1 type 7 secretion system, critical for cytosolic access. iPSDM lacking peroxisomes were permissive to Mtb wild-type (WT) replication but were able to restrict an Mtb mutant missing functional ESX-1, suggesting a role for peroxisomes in the control of cytosolic but not phagosomal Mtb. Using genetically encoded localization-dependent ROS probes, we found peroxisomes increased ROS levels during Mtb WT infection. Thus, human macrophages respond to the infection by increasing peroxisomes that generate ROS primarily to restrict cytosolic Mtb. Our data uncover a peroxisome-controlled, ROS-mediated mechanism that contributes to the restriction of cytosolic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Beren Aylan
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudio Bussi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Natalia Athanasiadi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pierre Santucci
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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2
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Bussi C, Mangiarotti A, Vanhille-Campos C, Aylan B, Pellegrino E, Athanasiadi N, Fearns A, Rodgers A, Franzmann TM, Šarić A, Dimova R, Gutierrez MG. Publisher Correction: Stress granules plug and stabilize damaged endolysosomal membranes. Nature 2023; 624:E3. [PMID: 37993723 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Vanhille-Campos
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Titus M Franzmann
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anđela Šarić
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
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3
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Bussi C, Mangiarotti A, Vanhille-Campos C, Aylan B, Pellegrino E, Athanasiadi N, Fearns A, Rodgers A, Franzmann TM, Šarić A, Dimova R, Gutierrez MG. Stress granules plug and stabilize damaged endolysosomal membranes. Nature 2023; 623:1062-1069. [PMID: 37968398 PMCID: PMC10686833 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane damage represents a form of stress that is detrimental for eukaryotic cells1,2. To cope with this threat, cells possess mechanisms that repair the damage and restore cellular homeostasis3-7. Endomembrane damage also results in organelle instability and the mechanisms by which cells stabilize damaged endomembranes to enable membrane repair remains unknown. Here, by combining in vitro and in cellulo studies with computational modelling we uncover a biological function for stress granules whereby these biomolecular condensates form rapidly at endomembrane damage sites and act as a plug that stabilizes the ruptured membrane. Functionally, we demonstrate that stress granule formation and membrane stabilization enable efficient repair of damaged endolysosomes, through both ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport)-dependent and independent mechanisms. We also show that blocking stress granule formation in human macrophages creates a permissive environment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a human pathogen that exploits endomembrane damage to survive within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Vanhille-Campos
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Titus M Franzmann
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anđela Šarić
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Dell'Amico C, Angulo Salavarria MM, Takeo Y, Saotome I, Dell'Anno MT, Galimberti M, Pellegrino E, Cattaneo E, Louvi A, Onorati M. Microcephaly-associated protein WDR62 shuttles from the Golgi apparatus to the spindle poles in human neural progenitors. eLife 2023; 12:81716. [PMID: 37272619 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
WDR62 is a spindle pole-associated scaffold protein with pleiotropic functions. Recessive mutations in WDR62 cause structural brain abnormalities and account for the second most common cause of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), indicating WDR62 as a critical hub for human brain development. Here, we investigated WDR62 function in corticogenesis through the analysis of a C-terminal truncating mutation (D955AfsX112). Using induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) obtained from a patient and his unaffected parent, as well as isogenic corrected lines, we generated 2D and 3D models of human neurodevelopment, including neuroepithelial stem cells, cerebro-cortical progenitors, terminally differentiated neurons, and cerebral organoids. We report that WDR62 localizes to the Golgi apparatus during interphase in cultured cells and human fetal brain tissue, and translocates to the mitotic spindle poles in a microtubule-dependent manner. Moreover, we demonstrate that WDR62 dysfunction impairs mitotic progression and results in alterations of the neurogenic trajectories of iPSC neuroderivatives. In summary, impairment of WDR62 localization and function results in severe neurodevelopmental abnormalities, thus delineating new mechanisms in the etiology of MCPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dell'Amico
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Yutaka Takeo
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Ichiko Saotome
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | | | - Maura Galimberti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Angeliki Louvi
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Marco Onorati
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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5
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Aylan B, Bernard EM, Pellegrino E, Botella L, Fearns A, Athanasiadi N, Bussi C, Santucci P, Gutierrez MG. ATG7 and ATG14 restrict cytosolic and phagosomal Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:803-818. [PMID: 36959508 PMCID: PMC10159855 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular innate-immune defence mechanism against intracellular microorganisms, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). How canonical and non-canonical autophagy function to control Mtb infection in phagosomes and the cytosol remains unresolved. Macrophages are the main host cell in humans for Mtb. Here we studied the contributions of canonical and non-canonical autophagy in the genetically tractable human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages (iPSDM), using a set of Mtb mutants generated in the same genetic background of the common lab strain H37Rv. We monitored replication of Mtb mutants that are either unable to trigger canonical autophagy (Mtb ΔesxBA) or reportedly unable to block non-canonical autophagy (Mtb ΔcpsA) in iPSDM lacking either ATG7 or ATG14 using single-cell high-content imaging. We report that deletion of ATG7 by CRISPR-Cas9 in iPSDM resulted in increased replication of wild-type Mtb but not of Mtb ΔesxBA or Mtb ΔcpsA. We show that deletion of ATG14 resulted in increased replication of both Mtb wild type and the mutant Mtb ΔesxBA. Using Mtb reporters and quantitative imaging, we identified a role for ATG14 in regulating fusion of phagosomes containing Mtb with lysosomes, thereby enabling intracellular bacteria restriction. We conclude that ATG7 and ATG14 are both required for restricting Mtb replication in human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beren Aylan
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M Bernard
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Natalia Athanasiadi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudio Bussi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pierre Santucci
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LISM, Marseille, France
| | - Maximiliano G Gutierrez
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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6
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Bussi C, Heunis T, Pellegrino E, Bernard EM, Bah N, Dos Santos MS, Santucci P, Aylan B, Rodgers A, Fearns A, Mitschke J, Moore C, MacRae JI, Greco M, Reinheckel T, Trost M, Gutierrez MG. Lysosomal damage drives mitochondrial proteome remodelling and reprograms macrophage immunometabolism. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7338. [PMID: 36443305 PMCID: PMC9705561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient lysosomal damage after infection with cytosolic pathogens or silica crystals uptake results in protease leakage. Whether limited leakage of lysosomal contents into the cytosol affects the function of cytoplasmic organelles is unknown. Here, we show that sterile and non-sterile lysosomal damage triggers a cell death independent proteolytic remodelling of the mitochondrial proteome in macrophages. Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming required leakage of lysosomal cathepsins and was independent of mitophagy, mitoproteases and proteasome degradation. In an in vivo mouse model of endomembrane damage, live lung macrophages that internalised crystals displayed impaired mitochondrial function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that lysosomal damage skewed metabolic and immune responses in alveolar macrophages subsets with increased lysosomal content. Functionally, drug modulation of macrophage metabolism impacted host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in an endomembrane damage dependent way. This work uncovers an inter-organelle communication pathway, providing a general mechanism by which macrophages undergo mitochondrial metabolic reprograming after endomembrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bussi
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Tiaan Heunis
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Present Address: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Nourdine Bah
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Pierre Santucci
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Present Address: Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LISM, IMM FR3479, Marseille, France
| | - Beren Aylan
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Angela Rodgers
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Julia Mitschke
- grid.5963.9Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Moore
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James I. MacRae
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria Greco
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Present Address: Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- grid.5963.9Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Trost
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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7
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Pizzino G, Irrera N, Galfo F, Oteri G, Atteritano M, Pallio G, Mannino F, D’Amore A, Pellegrino E, Aliquò F, Anastasi GP, Cutroneo G, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bitto A. Corrigendum: Adenosine receptor stimulation improves glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in a rat model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1073618. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1073618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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8
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Métellus P, Camilla C, Bialecki E, Beaufils N, Vellutini C, Pellegrino E, Tomasini P, Nanni I, Ouafik L. 1693P Incidence of NTRK genes fusion in adult brain tumours: A prospective cohort of 140 patients with cerebral gliomas and brain metastases. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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9
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Santucci P, Aylan B, Botella L, Bernard EM, Bussi C, Pellegrino E, Athanasiadi N, Gutierrez MG. Visualizing Pyrazinamide Action by Live Single-Cell Imaging of Phagosome Acidification and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pH Homeostasis. mBio 2022; 13:e0011722. [PMID: 35323041 PMCID: PMC9040869 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00117-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis segregates within multiple subcellular niches with different biochemical and biophysical properties that, upon treatment, may impact antibiotic distribution, accumulation, and efficacy. However, it remains unclear whether fluctuating intracellular microenvironments alter mycobacterial homeostasis and contribute to antibiotic enrichment and efficacy. Here, we describe a live dual-imaging approach to monitor host subcellular acidification and M. tuberculosis intrabacterial pH. By combining this approach with pharmacological and genetic perturbations, we show that M. tuberculosis can maintain its intracellular pH independently of the surrounding pH in human macrophages. Importantly, unlike bedaquiline (BDQ), isoniazid (INH), or rifampicin (RIF), the drug pyrazinamide (PZA) displays antibacterial efficacy by disrupting M. tuberculosis intrabacterial pH homeostasis in cellulo. By using M. tuberculosis mutants, we confirmed that intracellular acidification is a prerequisite for PZA efficacy in cellulo. We anticipate this imaging approach will be useful to identify host cellular environments that affect antibiotic efficacy against intracellular pathogens. IMPORTANCE We still do not completely understand why tuberculosis (TB) treatment requires the combination of several antibiotics for up to 6 months. M. tuberculosis is a facultative intracellular pathogen, and it is still unknown whether heterogenous and dynamic intracellular populations of bacteria in different cellular environments affect antibiotic efficacy. By developing a dual live imaging approach to monitor mycobacterial pH homeostasis, host cell environment, and antibiotic action, we show here that intracellular localization of M. tuberculosis affects the efficacy of one first-line anti-TB drug. Our observations can be applicable to the treatment of other intracellular pathogens and help to inform the development of more effective combined therapies for tuberculosis that target heterogenous bacterial populations within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Santucci
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beren Aylan
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Bussi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Athanasiadi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maximiliano G. Gutierrez
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Pellegrino E, Gutierrez MG. Human stem cell-based models for studying host-pathogen interactions. Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13335. [PMID: 33792137 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of human cell lines and primary cells as in vitro models represents a valuable approach to study cellular responses to infection. However, with the advent of new molecular technologies and tools available, there is a growing need to develop more physiologically relevant systems to overcome cell line model limitations and better mimic human disease. Since the discovery of human stem cells, its use has revolutionised the development of in vitro models. This is because after differentiation, these cells have the potential to reflect in vivo cell phenotypes and allow for probing questions in numerous fields of the biological sciences. Moreover, the possibility to combine the advantages of stem cell-derived cell types with genome editing technologies and engineered 3D microenvironments, provides enormous potential for producing in vitro systems to investigate cellular responses to infection that are both relevant and predictive. Here, we discuss recent advances in the use of human stem cells to model host-pathogen interactions, highlighting emerging technologies in the field of stem cell biology that can be exploited to investigate the fundamental biology of infection. TAKE AWAYS: hPSC overcome current limitations to study host-pathogen interactions in vitro. Genome editing can be used in hPSC to study cellular responses to infection. hPSC, 3D models and genome editing can recreate physiological in vitro systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maximiliano G Gutierrez
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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11
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Martinelli V, Cappa A, Zugnoni M, Cappello S, Masi S, Klersy C, Pellegrino E, Muggia C, Cavallotto C, Politi P, Bruno F, Mineo N, Peri A, Lobascio F, Chiappedi M, Dakanalis A, Pietrabissa A, Caccialanza R. Quality of life and psychopathology in candidates to bariatric surgery: relationship with BMI class. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:703-707. [PMID: 32146595 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study aimed at comparing the quality of life (Qol), the prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis and pharmacological treatment in 104 candidates to bariatric surgery according to the degree of obesity (class 2 vs. class ≥ 3 obesity). METHODS All surgical candidates underwent a detailed psychiatric interview based on DSM-5 criteria, including sociodemographic, clinical, psychological and psychiatric data. Participants completed the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). RESULTS Overall, bariatric candidates reported a significant impairment in the physical (PCS 38.8 [95% CI 36.2-41.5]) and mental (MCS 42.2 [95% CI 40.4-43.9]) components of Qol compared to population norms (p < 0.001 for both). Subjects with class 2 obesity scored significantly lower in the MCS compared to those with class 3 (38.7 (8.1) vs. 43.6 (8.4), p = 0.008). No other statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of sociodemographic and clinical variables. CONCLUSION These data support the usefulness of Qol assessment in bariatric candidates as a sensible screening parameter, especially in patients with lower BMI, in whom MCS could identify the need for early psychosocial intervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martinelli
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - A Cappa
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Zugnoni
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Cappello
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Masi
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Klersy
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Service of Clinical Epidemiology & Biometry, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - E Pellegrino
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Muggia
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica 1, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Cavallotto
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Politi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Bruno
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - N Mineo
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Peri
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Lobascio
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Chiappedi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pietrabissa
- Bariatric Surgery Team, Unit of General Surgery 2, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - R Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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12
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Morelli E, Speranza EA, Pellegrino E, Beznoussenko GV, Carminati F, Garré M, Mironov AA, Onorati M, Vaccari T. Activity of the SNARE Protein SNAP29 at the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637565. [PMID: 33718375 PMCID: PMC7945952 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Snap29 is a conserved regulator of membrane fusion essential to complete autophagy and to support other cellular processes, including cell division. In humans, inactivating SNAP29 mutations causes CEDNIK syndrome, a rare multi-systemic disorder characterized by congenital neuro-cutaneous alterations. The fibroblasts of CEDNIK patients show alterations of the Golgi apparatus (GA). However, whether and how Snap29 acts at the GA is unclear. Here we investigate SNAP29 function at the GA and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As part of the elongated structures in proximity to these membrane compartments, a pool of SNAP29 forms a complex with Syntaxin18, or with Syntaxin5, which we find is required to engage SEC22B-loaded vesicles. Consistent with this, in HeLa cells, in neuroepithelial stem cells, and in vivo, decreased SNAP29 activity alters GA architecture and reduces ER to GA trafficking. Our data reveal a new regulatory function of Snap29 in promoting secretory trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Morelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa A Speranza
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Onorati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Thomas Vaccari
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Dell' Amico C, Tata A, Pellegrino E, Onorati M, Conti L. Genome editing in stem cells for genetic neurodisorders. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 2021; 182:403-438. [PMID: 34175049 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The recent advent of genome editing techniques and their rapid improvement paved the way in establishing innovative human neurological disease models and in developing new therapeutic opportunities. Human pluripotent (both induced or naive) stem cells and neural stem cells represent versatile tools to be applied to multiple research needs and, together with genomic snip and fix tools, have recently made possible the creation of unique platforms to directly investigate several human neural affections. In this chapter, we will discuss genome engineering tools, and their recent improvements, applied to the stem cell field, focusing on how these two technologies may be pivotal instruments to deeply unravel molecular mechanisms underlying development and function, as well as disorders, of the human brain. We will review how these frontier technologies may be exploited to investigate or treat severe neurodevelopmental disorders, such as microcephaly, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, as well as neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and spinal muscular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dell' Amico
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Tata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Onorati
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luciano Conti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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14
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Silvestri R, Pucci P, De Santi C, Dell’Anno I, Miglietta S, Corrado A, Nicolí V, Marolda D, Cipollini M, Pellegrino E, Evangelista M, Bonotti A, Foddis R, Cristaudo A, Landi S, Gemignani F. Variation rs2235503 C > A Within the Promoter of MSLN Affects Transcriptional Rate of Mesothelin and Plasmatic Levels of the Soluble Mesothelin-Related Peptide. Front Genet 2020; 11:975. [PMID: 33014022 PMCID: PMC7461867 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) is a promising biomarker for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but several confounding factors can reduce SMRP-based test's accuracy. The identification of these confounders could improve the diagnostic performance of SMRP. In this study, we evaluated the sequence of 1,000 base pairs encompassing the minimal promoter region of the MSLN gene to identify expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) that can affect SMRP. We assessed the association between four MSLN promoter variants and SMRP levels in a cohort of 72 MPM and 677 non-MPM subjects, and we carried out in vitro assays to investigate their functional role. Our results show that rs2235503 is an eQTL for MSLN associated with increased levels of SMRP in non-MPM subjects. Furthermore, we show that this polymorphic site affects the accuracy of SMRP, highlighting the importance of evaluating the individual's genetic background and giving novel insights to refine SMRP specificity as a diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Perla Pucci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara De Santi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Simona Miglietta
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Alda Corrado
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolí
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Alessandra Bonotti
- Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rudy Foddis
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfonso Cristaudo
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Mileto
- Istituto Pluridisciplinare di Clinica Medica e Teapia Medica Policlinico Universitario Universita’ di Messina Italy
| | - E. Pellegrino
- Istituto Pluridisciplinare di Clinica Medica e Teapia Medica Policlinico Universitario Universita’ di Messina Italy
| | - F. Consolo
- Istituto Pluridisciplinare di Clinica Medica e Teapia Medica Policlinico Universitario Universita’ di Messina Italy
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16
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Skarnes WC, Pellegrino E, McDonough JA. Improving homology-directed repair efficiency in human stem cells. Methods 2019; 164-165:18-28. [PMID: 31216442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of induced pluripotent stem cell models of human disease requires efficient modification of one or both alleles depending on dominant or recessive inheritance of the disease. To faithfully recapitulate many disease variants, the introduction of a single base change is required. The introduction of additional silent mutations designed to prevent re-cutting of the modified allele by Cas9 is not an optimal strategy, particularly for non-coding variants. Here, we developed an improved protocol for efficient engineering of single nucleotide variants in human iPS cells. Using a fluorescent BFP->GFP assay to monitor the incorporation of a single base pair change, we optimized the protocol to achieve HDR in 70% of unselected human iPS cells. The additive effects of cold shock, a small molecule enhancer of HDR and chemically modified ssODN dramatically shift the bias of repair in favor of HDR, resulting in a seven-fold higher ratio of HDR to NHEJ from 0.5 to 3.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Skarnes
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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17
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Piva R, Bergaggio E, Riganti C, Vitale N, Garaffo G, Mereu E, Bandini C, Pellegrino E, Pullano V, Labrador M, Bertoni F, Deaglio S, Neri A, Palumbo A. IH2 INHIBITION ENHANCES PROTEASOME INHIBITOR RESPONSIVENESS IN HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.200_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Piva
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - E. Bergaggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - C. Riganti
- Department of Oncology; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - N. Vitale
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - G. Garaffo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - E. Mereu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - C. Bandini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - E. Pellegrino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - V. Pullano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - M. Labrador
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - F. Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research; Università della Svizzera Italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - S. Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - A. Neri
- Hematology Unit; Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - A. Palumbo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino Italy
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18
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Bonaccorsi G, Fratini M, Romiti A, Capecchi L, Pellegrino E, Lorini C. The long way towards health literacy in the healthcare organizations: an experience in two hospitals. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky213.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Fratini
- University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - A Romiti
- University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | - C Lorini
- University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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19
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Bechini A, Chellini M, Pellegrino E, Tiscione E, Lorini C, Bonaccorsi G, Bonanni P, Boccalini S. Impact of vaccination programs against measles, varicella and meningococcus C in Italy and in Tuscany and public health policies in the last decades. J Prev Med Hyg 2018; 59:E120-E127. [PMID: 30083618 PMCID: PMC6069400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has established specific targets for control, elimination or eradication of some vaccine preventable infectious diseases, which were periodically updated. In Italy, WHO recommendations have been endorsed and implemented over time, through the national and regional health prevention plans. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the immunization practices against measles, varicella and Neisseria meningitidis type C (Men C) in Italy and in Tuscany Region, during the last decades, by analyzing national and regional surveillance databases. Benefits of vaccination strategies were discussed from different points of view (clinical, epidemiological, economic, ethical, social and communicative). The implementation of measles, varicella and Men C vaccination, caused a considerable decrease of incidence rates over the years in Italy and in Tuscany too. However, in the last years, notifications of measles and Men C cases in subjects not targeted by immunization campaigns, in Italy and in Tuscany, are a cause for concern for public health and for the achievement of the elimination goals. Achieving and maintaining high vaccine coverage guarantees a decrease in the incidence of serious diseases and their clinical and economic consequences, but it is necessary to strengthen surveillance system of infectious diseases in order to monitor epidemiological trends. Moreover, outreach campaigns are necessary to raise awareness in the general population and create the culture of prevention with the same nationwide health goals for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bechini
- * Correspondence: Angela Bechini, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, viale GB Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy - E-mail:
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20
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Marco M, Ietta F, Casieri V, Pellegrino E, Passino C, Ercoli L, Ricci Paulesu L, Lionetti V. Functional ancient grain bread rich in iron, zinc, flavonoids and alpha lipoic acid attenuates post-ischemic myocardial remodeling in rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Pizzino G, Irrera N, Galfo F, Pallio G, Mannino F, D'amore A, Pellegrino E, Ieni A, Russo GT, Calapai M, Altavilla D, Squadrito F, Bitto A. Effects of the antagomiRs 15b and 200b on the altered healing pattern of diabetic mice. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:644-655. [PMID: 29178246 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diabetic patients with non-healing ulcers have a reduced expression of VEGF. Genetically diabetic mice have an altered expression pattern of VEGF and its receptor, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). In diabetic wounds, the microRNAs, miR15b and miR200b, which respectively inhibit VEGF and VEGF-R2 mRNAs, are up-regulated, further affecting the impaired angiogenesis. We investigated whether anti-miRs directed toward miR15b and miR200b could improve wound repair in genetically diabetic mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Skin wounds were produced on the backs of female diabetic mice. The anti-miRs (antimiR15b, antimiR200b or antimiR15b/200b) at 10 mg·kg-1 , or vehicle were applied to the wound edge. Mice were killed on days 7, 14 and at time of complete wound closure. Levels of mRNA and protein of angiogenic mediators and their receptors were measured with RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Wounds were examined by histological and immunochemical methods. KEY RESULTS mRNA expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, angiopoietin-1 and its receptor TEK were evaluated after 7 and 14 days. Protein levels of VEGF and transglutaminase II were measured at day 7, while VEGFR-2 and Angiopoietin-1 were measured at day 14. Histological features and the time to achieve a complete wound closure were also examined. Treatment with the anti-miRs improved the analysed parameters and the co-treatment resulted the most effective. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The results suggest that the inhibition of miR15b and miR200b may have a potential application in diabetes-related wound disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pizzino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Galfo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angelica D'amore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina T Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Calapai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Pizzino G, Irrera N, Galfo F, Oteri G, Atteritano M, Pallio G, Mannino F, D'Amore A, Pellegrino E, Aliquò F, Anastasi GP, Cutroneo G, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bitto A. Adenosine Receptor Stimulation Improves Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis in a Rat Model. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:558. [PMID: 28928654 PMCID: PMC5591884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is a secondary cause of bone loss. Bisphosphonates approved for GIO, might induce jaw osteonecrosis; thus additional therapeutics are required. Adenosine receptor agonists are positive regulators of bone remodeling, thus the efficacy of adenosine receptor stimulation for treating GIO was tested. In a preventive study GIO was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by methylprednisolone (MP) for 60 days. Animals were randomly assigned to receive polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), an adenosine A2 receptor agonist, or PDRN and DMPX (3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine, an A2 antagonist), or vehicle (0.9% NaCl). Another set of animals was used for a treatment study, following the 60 days of MP-induction rats were randomized to receive (for additional 60 days) PDRN, or PDRN and DMPX (an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist), or zoledronate (as control for gold standard treatment), or vehicle. Control animals were administered with vehicle for either 60 or 120 days. Femurs were analyzed after treatments for histology, imaging, and breaking strength analysis. MP treatment induced severe bone loss, the concomitant use of PDRN prevented the developing of osteoporosis. In rats treated for 120 days, PDRN restored bone architecture and bone strength; increased b-ALP, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin and stimulated the Wnt canonical and non-canonical pathway. Zoledronate reduced bone resorption and ameliorated the histological features, without significant effects on bone formation. Our results suggest that adenosine receptor stimulation might be useful for preventing and treating GIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pizzino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Federica Galfo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Images, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Marco Atteritano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Angelica D'Amore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Federica Aliquò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe P Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Images, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cutroneo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Images, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
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Pellegrino E, Lorini C, Allodi G, Buonamici C, Garofalo G, Bonaccorsi G. Music-listening habits with MP3 player in a group of adolescents: a descriptive survey. Ann Ig 2013; 25:367-76. [PMID: 24048175 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2013.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listening to music through portable MP3 players has become a very popular mode among young people and adolescents. The aim of this study is to investigate the behaviors of adolescents engaged in listening to music with MP3 player and the attendance at clubs (pubs, discotheques) where music is played at high volume. METHODS Among the 1470 students attending a secondary school in Scandicci (FI) during the school year 2009/2010, 1278 (86.9%) were at school the day of the examination and 1276 completely filled in the questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to calculate the degree of association (OR) among the sociodemographic characteristics, listening habits and some factors identified as risky or protective as regards the possibility of developing health disorders. RESULTS MP3 player users are 88.2% of the sample. Among these, a high proportion engaged behaviours that increase the risk of presenting disorders, including the exposure to high-volume (27.4%). Furthermore, 44.6% use the MP3 while driving. From the regression analysis it emerges that MP3 users showed a sort of addiction: by increasing the time and the occasions of exposure to music, they increased the volume, used maximum or medium-high volume, did not take breaks and did not decrease the volume. CONCLUSIONS The study points out the spread of risky behavior in music listening, so it is necessary to better inform especially the youngsters and achieve specific preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pellegrino
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
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Pellegrino E, Martino G, Balli M, Puggelli F, Tiscione E, Bonaccorsi G, Bonanni P. [Mass communication during the "H1N1 flu"]. Ann Ig 2012; 24:105-112. [PMID: 22755497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays communication plays a key role in healthcare, especially when a detailed risk analysis is important for correct information, as in the case of the H1N1 flu virus A. Through our study we have analyzed how the event "H1N1 flu" was addressed by the media, considering the period April 2009-June 2010. We collected the information from "Il Corriere della Sera", "La Repubblica" and "City", in addition to an online site for general information such as "TGCOM". The analyzed peak of daily news was seen a few weeks before the pandemic peak; in addition, after the peak of the pandemic, the interest of the press has completely collapsed, and eventually disappeared altogether. The media can influence the thought and consequentially how the recipients act, leading to a misperception of risk ('risk') and danger ('hazard'). Moreover the institutions and health professionals are not always able to communicate effectively to meet the needs for correct information. It is desirable in the future a greater degree of collaboration between media and authorities to have a clearer simpler and less misleading communication in the health field, helping recipients to act properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pellegrino
- Scuola di specializzazione in Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Firenze.
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25
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Seux M, Peuget S, Montero MP, Siret C, Rigot V, Clerc P, Gigoux V, Pellegrino E, Pouyet L, N'Guessan P, Garcia S, Dufresne M, Iovanna JL, Carrier A, André F, Dusetti NJ. TP53INP1 decreases pancreatic cancer cell migration by regulating SPARC expression. Oncogene 2011; 30:3049-61. [PMID: 21339733 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor protein 53 induced nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) is a p53 target gene that induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis by modulating p53 transcriptional activity. TP53INP1 interacts physically with p53 and is a major player in the p53-driven oxidative stress response. Previously, we demonstrated that TP53INP1 is downregulated in an early stage of pancreatic cancerogenesis and when restored is able to suppress pancreatic tumor development. TP53INP1 downregulation in pancreas is associated with an oncogenic microRNA miR-155. In the present work, we studied the effects of TP53INP1 on cell migration. We found that TP53INP1 inactivation correlates with increased cell migration both in vivo and in vitro. The impact of TP53INP1 expression on cell migration was studied in different cellular contexts: mouse embryonic fibroblast and different pancreatic cancer cell lines. Its expression decreases cell migration by the transcriptional downregulation of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC). SPARC is a matrix cellular protein, which governs diverse cellular functions and has a pivotal role in regulating cell-matrix interactions, cellular proliferation and migration. SPARC was also showed to be upregulated in normal pancreas and in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions in a pancreatic adenocarcinoma mouse model only in the TP53INP1-deficient animals. This novel TP53INP1 activity on the regulation of SPARC expression could explain in part its tumor suppressor function in pancreatic adenocarcinoma by modulating cellular spreading during the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seux
- INSERM, U624 Stress cellulaire, Marseille, France
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Voena C, Panizza E, Pellegrino E, D'Amico L, Boccalatte F, Ruggeri B, Polakiewicz R, Medico E, Chiarle R, Inghirami G. 155 EML4-ALK signaling is required for the maintenance of neoplastic phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer cells: novel strategy for lung cancer tailored therapies. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Pellegrino E. Volunteer experience in Tanzania, Africa. WMJ 2002; 100:10-2. [PMID: 11579792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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28
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Pellegrino E. Economic change does not justify a "new" ethic. Am J Manag Care 1997; 3:808-10, 813; author reply 814. [PMID: 10169541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Mileto G, Pitrone F, Mazzeo RS, Pellegrino E, Pustorino S, Consolo F. [Acute pancreatitis and uremia: what is their pathogenetic relationship? Description of a case observed during hemofiltration]. Recenti Prog Med 1990; 81:457-8. [PMID: 2251457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Mazzeo RS, Pitrone F, Costantino G, Pellegrino E, Pustorino S, Ghivehcimotlagh A, Mileto G. [A case of severe recurrent transient granulocytopenia during hemofiltration: possible pathogenetic interpretations]. Recenti Prog Med 1989; 80:76-7. [PMID: 2711020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The authors report a case of severe granulocytopenia without increased susceptibility to infections in a patient with IRC (chronic renal failure) on hemofiltration treatment. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms are examined. The phenomenon is probably due to an altered compartmentation of neutrophils; the temporariness and the quick correction of the granulocytopenia explain the lack of clinical manifestations.
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Pitrone F, Pellegrino E, Mileto G, Consolo F. May pancreatitis represent a CAPD complication? Report of two cases with a rapidly evolution to death. Int J Artif Organs 1985; 8:235. [PMID: 4055101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Mileto G, Pitrone F, Pellegrino E, Consolo F. [A case of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome with circulating immune complex treated with plasma exchange]. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 1985; 37:265-8. [PMID: 2935953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Mileto G, Pellegrino E, Cardia P, Ferraò O, Consolo F. [Infection during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis caused by the use of povidone-iodine-based disinfectants, contaminated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa]. Minerva Nefrol 1983; 30:235. [PMID: 6664611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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34
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Consolo F, Mileto G, Pellegrino E, Bellinghieri G, Ferraù O. [Protocol for reinfusion of ascites: 25 months of experience]. Minerva Nefrol 1983; 30:51-2. [PMID: 6843886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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35
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Pellegrino E. Humanistic base for professional ethics in medicine. N Y State J Med 1977; 77:1456-62. [PMID: 267843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pellegrino E. Physical therapy of the rheumatoid hand. Wis Med J 1967; 66:103-7. [PMID: 6040943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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