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Popescu I, Snyder ME, Iasella CJ, Hannan SJ, Koshy R, Burke R, Das A, Brown MJ, Lyons EJ, Lieber SC, Chen X, Sembrat JC, Bhatt P, Deng E, An X, Linstrum K, Kitsios G, Konstantinidis I, Saul M, Kass DJ, Alder JK, Chen BB, Lendermon EA, Kilaru S, Johnson B, Pilewski JM, Kiss JE, Wells AH, Morris A, McVerry BJ, McMahon DK, Triulzi DJ, Chen K, Sanchez PG, McDyer JF. CD4 + T-Cell Dysfunction in Severe COVID-19 Disease Is Tumor Necrosis Factor-α/Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1-Dependent. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:1403-1418. [PMID: 35348444 PMCID: PMC9875894 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202111-2493oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Lymphopenia is common in severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19), yet the immune mechanisms are poorly understood. As inflammatory cytokines are increased in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we hypothesized a role in contributing to reduced T-cell numbers. Objectives: We sought to characterize the functional SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses in patients with severe versus recovered, mild COVID-19 to determine whether differences were detectable. Methods: Using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequence analyses, we assessed SARS-CoV-2-specific responses in our cohort. Measurements and Main Results: In 148 patients with severe COVID-19, we found lymphopenia was associated with worse survival. CD4+ lymphopenia predominated, with lower CD4+/CD8+ ratios in severe COVID-19 compared with patients with mild disease (P < 0.0001). In severe disease, immunodominant CD4+ T-cell responses to Spike-1 (S1) produced increased in vitro TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) but demonstrated impaired S1-specific proliferation and increased susceptibility to activation-induced cell death after antigen exposure. CD4+TNF-α+ T-cell responses inversely correlated with absolute CD4+ counts from patients with severe COVID-19 (n = 76; R = -0.797; P < 0.0001). In vitro TNF-α blockade, including infliximab or anti-TNF receptor 1 antibodies, strikingly rescued S1-specific CD4+ T-cell proliferation and abrogated S1-specific activation-induced cell death in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with severe COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated marked downregulation of type-1 cytokines and NFκB signaling in S1-stimulated CD4+ cells with infliximab treatment. We also evaluated BAL and lung explant CD4+ T cells recovered from patients with severe COVID-19 and observed that lung T cells produced higher TNF-α compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Conclusions: Together, our findings show CD4+ dysfunction in severe COVID-19 is TNF-α/TNF receptor 1-dependent through immune mechanisms that may contribute to lymphopenia. TNF-α blockade may be beneficial in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Popescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Mark E. Snyder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Carlo J. Iasella
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ritchie Koshy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Robin Burke
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Antu Das
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Mark J. Brown
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Emily J. Lyons
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Xiaoping Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Payal Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Evan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaojing An
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel J. Kass
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Bill B. Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine,,Aging Institute
| | | | - Silpa Kilaru
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Bruce Johnson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | - Alan H. Wells
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Kong Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Pablo G. Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - John F. McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
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He R, Wang J, Wang Z, Liu Y, Xu H, Zhang X, Deng E, Yin Y, Ji X, Guan X, Ren Q, Wu C, Chen Y, Li L, Zhang W, Liu Z. A possible dose-response equation: Viral load after plasma infusion in COVID-19 patients and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in convalescent plasma. Transfus Med 2022; 32:162-167. [PMID: 35088494 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials of convalescent plasma therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are extensive, but the relationship between antibody titers, infused volume of plasma and virus clearance in patients remains unknown. This study proposed a possible estimating equation for clinical use of high antibody titer convalescent plasma. METHODS A total of 38 patients were recruited in the Guanggu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from March 1 to 30, 2020. COVID-19 convalescent plasma was collected and high-titer (≥1:640) anti-S-RBD units used. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid viral load was measured 24 h before and 72 h after convalescent plasma infusion. RESULTS Convalescent plasma therapy was associated with reduced viral load in patients with moderate and severe severity. The viral negative rate at 72 h was 65.8%. The disappearance of viral nucleic acid in study patients was positively correlated with infuscate antibody titer and volume (r = 0.3375, p = 0.04). A possible estimation equation was as follows: Log10 (Reduction in viral load) = 0.18 + 0.001 × (Log2 S-RBD antibody titer × Plasma infusion volume) (r = 0.424, p = 0.009). In a single case, the viral nucleic acid persisted 14 days after the fourth plasma infusion. CONCLUSIONS This study proposes a potential dose-response equation that adds a convenient way to estimate the dose of convalescent plasma product. It is beneficial to facilitate the rational allocation of plasma with high antibody titers and provide an individualised use strategy for convalescent plasma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenmeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, third affiliated hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guanggu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - E Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yundi Yin
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Ren
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guanggu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, first Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
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Li L, Tan C, Zeng J, Luo C, Hu S, Peng Y, Li W, Xie Z, Ling Y, Zhang X, Deng E, Xu H, Wang J, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Guo Y, Liu Z. Analysis of viral load in different specimen types and serum antibody levels of COVID-19 patients. J Transl Med 2021; 19:30. [PMID: 33413461 PMCID: PMC7790347 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic and the death toll is increasing. However, there is no definitive information regarding the type of clinical specimens that is the best for SARS-CoV-2 detection, the antibody levels in patients with different duration of disease, and the relationship between antibody level and viral load. METHODS Nasopharyngeal swabs, anal swabs, saliva, blood, and urine specimens were collected from patients with a course of disease ranging from 7 to 69 days. Viral load in different specimen types was measured using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Meanwhile, anti-nucleocapsid protein (anti-N) IgM and IgG antibodies and anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (anti-S-RBD) IgG antibody in all serum samples were tested using ELISA. RESULTS The positive detection rate in nasopharyngeal swab was the highest (54.05%), followed by anal swab (24.32%), and the positive detection rate in saliva, blood, and urine was 16.22%, 10.81%, and 5.41%, respectively. However, some patients with negative nasopharyngeal swabs had other specimens tested positive. There was no significant correlation between antibody level and days after symptoms onset or viral load. CONCLUSIONS Other specimens could be positive in patients with negative nasopharyngeal swabs, suggesting that for patients in the recovery period, specimens other than nasopharyngeal swabs should also be tested to avoid false negative results, and anal swabs are recommended. The antibody level had no correlation with days after symptoms onset or the viral load of nasopharyngeal swabs, suggesting that the antibody level may also be affected by other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chianru Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Aviation Disease, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200052, People's Republic of China.,The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Guanggu District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Luo
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Hu
- Department of Biophysics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanke Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Xie
- The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Guanggu District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science of NO. 909 Hospital of PLA Joint Support Force, Zhangzhou, 363000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueming Ling
- The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Guanggu District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science of NO. 910 Hospital of PLA Joint Support Force, Quanzhou, 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - E Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Xie
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Zhou
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Guanggu District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168# Changhai Rd, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Li L, Zhang W, Hu Y, Tong X, Zheng S, Yang J, Kong Y, Ren L, Wei Q, Mei H, Hu C, Tao C, Yang R, Wang J, Yu Y, Guo Y, Wu X, Xu Z, Zeng L, Xiong N, Chen L, Wang J, Man N, Liu Y, Xu H, Deng E, Zhang X, Li C, Wang C, Su S, Zhang L, Wang J, Wu Y, Liu Z. Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2020; 324:460-470. [PMID: 32492084 PMCID: PMC7270883 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.10044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 857] [Impact Index Per Article: 214.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Importance Convalescent plasma is a potential therapeutic option for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but further data from randomized clinical trials are needed. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants Open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial performed in 7 medical centers in Wuhan, China, from February 14, 2020, to April 1, 2020, with final follow-up April 28, 2020. The trial included 103 participants with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 that was severe (respiratory distress and/or hypoxemia) or life-threatening (shock, organ failure, or requiring mechanical ventilation). The trial was terminated early after 103 of a planned 200 patients were enrolled. Intervention Convalescent plasma in addition to standard treatment (n = 52) vs standard treatment alone (control) (n = 51), stratified by disease severity. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was time to clinical improvement within 28 days, defined as patient discharged alive or reduction of 2 points on a 6-point disease severity scale (ranging from 1 [discharge] to 6 [death]). Secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, time to discharge, and the rate of viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results turned from positive at baseline to negative at up to 72 hours. Results Of 103 patients who were randomized (median age, 70 years; 60 [58.3%] male), 101 (98.1%) completed the trial. Clinical improvement occurred within 28 days in 51.9% (27/52) of the convalescent plasma group vs 43.1% (22/51) in the control group (difference, 8.8% [95% CI, -10.4% to 28.0%]; hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 0.79-2.49]; P = .26). Among those with severe disease, the primary outcome occurred in 91.3% (21/23) of the convalescent plasma group vs 68.2% (15/22) of the control group (HR, 2.15 [95% CI, 1.07-4.32]; P = .03); among those with life-threatening disease the primary outcome occurred in 20.7% (6/29) of the convalescent plasma group vs 24.1% (7/29) of the control group (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.30-2.63]; P = .83) (P for interaction = .17). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (15.7% vs 24.0%; OR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.22-1.59]; P = .30) or time from randomization to discharge (51.0% vs 36.0% discharged by day 28; HR, 1.61 [95% CI, 0.88-2.95]; P = .12). Convalescent plasma treatment was associated with a negative conversion rate of viral PCR at 72 hours in 87.2% of the convalescent plasma group vs 37.5% of the control group (OR, 11.39 [95% CI, 3.91-33.18]; P < .001). Two patients in the convalescent plasma group experienced adverse events within hours after transfusion that improved with supportive care. Conclusion and Relevance Among patients with severe or life-threatening COVID-19, convalescent plasma therapy added to standard treatment, compared with standard treatment alone, did not result in a statistically significant improvement in time to clinical improvement within 28 days. Interpretation is limited by early termination of the trial, which may have been underpowered to detect a clinically important difference. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000029757.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Guanggu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xunliang Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Respiratory quality control center, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Shangen Zheng
- Department of Transfusion, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Juntao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Kong
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Cuihua Tao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongpei Yu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Xu
- Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Guanggu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Department of Organ Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Xiong
- Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Juan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Man
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - E Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenyue Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shisheng Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linqi Zhang
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, China
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5
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Deng E, Nham S, Wong V, Leung D, Leung M. Impact of Changes in Glycaemic Control on Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Zhang R, Xiao J, Lin J, Li J, Song J, Li Q, He Y, Deng E, Peng T, Li C. Plasma transfusion in two disasters: experience from earthquake and bus burning incident in China. Transfus Med 2013; 23:279-80. [PMID: 23578216 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J. Lin
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences; Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; Chengdu; China
| | | | | | - Q. Li
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences; Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; Chengdu; China
| | - Y. He
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences; Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; Chengdu; China
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7
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Deng E, Yang J, Wang LQ, Wang GB. [Extraction of polysaccharide from Penthorum chinense]. Zhong Yao Cai 2009; 32:121-123. [PMID: 19445137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the extraction technology of polysaccharide from Penthorum chinense. METHODS Single factor test and orthogonal experiment design methods L9 (3(3)) were applied to analyze the influence of solid-liquid rate, extraction temperature and time on the extraction percent of polysaccharide from Penthorum chinense. RESULTS The temperature significantly affected the extraction percent of the soluble polysaccharide, and the optimum conditions for the extraction technology were as follows: solid-liquid rate at 1:15, temperature at 95 degrees C, time for 3h. Under this condition, the extraction percent of polysaccharide from Penthorum chinense was 1.12%, RSD = 1.21%. CONCLUSION The research can provide a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of polysaccharide from Penthorum chinense.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Deng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
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Kang Y, Melo M, Deng E, Tisch R, El-Amine M, Scott DW. Induction of hyporesponsiveness to intact foreign protein via retroviral-mediated gene expression: the IgG scaffold is important for induction and maintenance of immune hyporesponsiveness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:8609-14. [PMID: 10411923 PMCID: PMC17564 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.15.8609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IgG molecules can be highly tolerogenic carriers for associated antigens. Previously, we reported that recipients of bone marrow or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated B-cell blasts, both of which were retrovirally gene-transferred with an immunodominant peptide in-frame with the variable region of a murine IgG heavy chain, were rendered profoundly unresponsive to that epitope. To further investigate whether tolerance to larger molecules can be achieved via this approach and whether the IgG scaffold is important for induction and maintenance of immunological tolerance, we engineered two retroviral constructs encoding the cI lambda repressor (MBAE-1-102 and MBAE-1-102-IgG) for gene transfer. Our results show that recipients of bone marrow or peripheral B cells, transduced with the MBAE-1-102-IgG recombinant, are hyporesponsive to p1-102. In addition, the self-IgG scaffold enhanced the induction and maintenance of such an immune hyporesponsiveness. Thus, our studies demonstrate that in vivo-expressed IgG heavy chain fusion protein can be processed and presented on the appropriate MHC class II, resulting in hyporesponsiveness to that antigen and offering an additional therapeutic approach to autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kang
- Department of Immunology, Holland Laboratory of the American Red Cross, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
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Zhang G, Deng E, Baugh L, Kushner SR. Identification and characterization of Escherichia coli DNA helicase II mutants that exhibit increased unwinding efficiency. J Bacteriol 1998; 180:377-87. [PMID: 9440527 PMCID: PMC106893 DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.2.377-387.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of both ethyl methanesulfonate and site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified a region in DNA helicase II (UvrD) from Escherichia coli that is required for biological function but lies outside of any of the seven conserved motifs (T. C. Hodgman, Nature 333:22-23, 1988) associated with the superfamily of proteins of which it is a member. Located between amino acids 403 and 409, alterations in the amino acid sequence DDAAFER lead to both temperature-sensitive and dominant uvrD mutations. The uvrD300 (A406T) and uvrD301 (A406V) alleles produce UV sensitivity at 44 degrees C but do not affect sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). In contrast, the uvrD303 mutation (D403AD404A) causes increased sensitivity to both UV and MMS and is dominant to uvrD+ when present at six to eight copies per cell. Several of the alleles demonstrated a strong antimutator phenotype. In addition, conjugal recombination is reduced 10-fold in uvrD303 strains. Of all of the amino acid substitutions tested, only an alanine-to-serine change at position 406 (uvrD302) was neutral. To determine the biochemical basis for the observed phenotypes, we overexpressed and purified the UvrD303 protein from a uvrD delta294 deletion background and characterized its enzymatic activities. The highly unusual UvrD303 protein exhibits a higher specific activity for ATP hydrolysis than the wild-type control, while its Km for ATP binding remains unchanged. More importantly, the UvrD303 protein unwinds partial duplex DNA up to 10 times more efficiently than wild-type UvrD. The DNA binding affinities of the two proteins appear comparable. Based on these results, we propose that the region located between amino acids 403 and 409 serves to regulate the unwinding activity of DNA helicase II to provide the proper balance between speed and overall effectiveness in the various DNA repair systems in which the protein participates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Zhang G, Deng E, Baugh LR, Hamilton CM, Maples VF, Kushner SR. Conserved motifs II to VI of DNA helicase II from Escherichia coli are all required for biological activity. J Bacteriol 1997; 179:7544-50. [PMID: 9393722 PMCID: PMC179708 DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.23.7544-7550.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There are seven conserved motifs (IA, IB, and II to VI) in DNA helicase II of Escherichia coli that have high homology among a large family of proteins involved in DNA metabolism. To address the functional importance of motifs II to VI, we employed site-directed mutagenesis to replace the charged amino acid residues in each motif with alanines. Cells carrying these mutant alleles exhibited higher UV and methyl methanesulfonate sensitivity, increased rates of spontaneous mutagenesis, and elevated levels of homologous recombination, indicating defects in both the excision repair and mismatch repair pathways. In addition, we also changed the highly conserved tyrosine(600) in motif VI to phenylalanine (uvrD309, Y600F). This mutant displayed a moderate increase in UV sensitivity but a decrease in spontaneous mutation rate, suggesting that DNA helicase II may have different functions in the two DNA repair pathways. Furthermore, a mutation in domain IV (uvrD307, R284A) significantly reduced the viability of some E. coli K-12 strains at 30 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C. The implications of these observations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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