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Bouvier E, Brouillard F, Molet J, Claverie D, Cabungcal JH, Cresto N, Doligez N, Rivat C, Do KQ, Bernard C, Benoliel JJ, Becker C. Nrf2-dependent persistent oxidative stress results in stress-induced vulnerability to depression. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1701-1713. [PMID: 27646262 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stressful life events produce a state of vulnerability to depression in some individuals. The mechanisms that contribute to vulnerability to depression remain poorly understood. A rat model of intense stress (social defeat (SD), first hit) produced vulnerability to depression in 40% of animals. Only vulnerable animals developed a depression-like phenotype after a second stressful hit (chronic mild stress). We found that this vulnerability to depression resulted from a persistent state of oxidative stress, which was reversed by treatment with antioxidants. This persistent state of oxidative stress was due to low brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, which characterized the vulnerable animals. We found that BDNF constitutively controlled the nuclear translocation of the master redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2, which activates antioxidant defenses. Low BDNF levels in vulnerable animals prevented Nrf2 translocation and consequently prevented the activation of detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes, ultimately resulting in the generation of sustained oxidative stress. Activating Nrf2 translocation restored redox homeostasis and reversed vulnerability to depression. This mechanism was confirmed in Nrf2-null mice. The mice displayed high levels of oxidative stress and were inherently vulnerable to depression, but this phenotype was reversed by treatment with antioxidants. Our data reveal a novel role for BDNF in controlling redox homeostasis and provide a mechanistic explanation for post-stress vulnerability to depression while suggesting ways to reverse it. Because numerous enzymatic reactions produce reactive oxygen species that must then be cleared, the finding that BDNF controls endogenous redox homeostasis opens new avenues for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouvier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France
| | - F Brouillard
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.,Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR2301 CNRS, Equipe 34, Centre de Recherche de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Molet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France
| | - D Claverie
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France.,Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), BP 73, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - J-H Cabungcal
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Cresto
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France
| | - N Doligez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France
| | - C Rivat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France
| | - K Q Do
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Bernard
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - J-J Benoliel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Biochimie Endocrinienne et Oncologique, Paris, France
| | - C Becker
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neurosciences Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1130, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8246, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
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Nguyen TM, Adiceam P, Kottler ML, Guillozo H, Rizk-Rabin M, Brouillard F, Lagier P, Palix C, Garnier JM, Garabedian M. Tryptophan missense mutation in the ligand-binding domain of the vitamin D receptor causes severe resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. J Bone Miner Res 2002; 17:1728-37. [PMID: 12211444 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.9.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two related young children, brother and sister, exhibited severe vitamin D-resistant rickets without alopecia. Sequence analysis of the total vitamin D receptor (VDR) cDNA from skin fibroblasts revealed a substitution of the unique tryptophan of the VDR by arginine at amino acid 286 (W286R). Cultured skin fibroblasts of the two patients expressed normal-size VDR protein (immunocytochemistry and Western blotting) and normal length VDR mRNA (Northern blotting). But, these fibroblasts, as well as COS-7 cells transfected with the W286R mutant, failed to bind 3H 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. The tryptophan substitution did not affect VDR trafficking toward the nucleus but abolished the 24-hydroxylase gene response to 1,25(OH)2D3, even at 10(-6) M concentrations. In conclusion, this case report of a new family with hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) emphasizes the crucial role of the VDR tryptophan for ligand binding and for transactivation of 1,25(OH)2D3 target genes. It clearly shows the clinical significance of this VDR amino acid for calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. This observation suggests further that the presence of a stable VDR-bound ligand may not be obligatory for normal hair follicle development.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites/genetics
- COS Cells
- Calcitriol/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Child, Preschool
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Female
- Hair Follicle/growth & development
- Humans
- Hypophosphatemia, Familial/genetics
- Infant
- Ligands
- Male
- Mutation, Missense
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Calcitriol/drug effects
- Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics
- Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Steroid Hydroxylases/genetics
- Transfection
- Tryptophan/genetics
- Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- CNRS-UPR 1524, Hĵpital St. Vincent de Paul, Paris, France
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Brouillard F, Tondelier D, Edelman A, Baudouin-Legros M. Drug resistance induced by ouabain via the stimulation of MDR1 gene expression in human carcinomatous pulmonary cells. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1693-8. [PMID: 11245485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase by cardiotonic drugs like ouabain deeply perturbs both the properties of the cell membrane and the ionic composition of the cytoplasm and hence alters fundamental cell reactions. These three types of reactions may be involved in the stimulation of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR-1) gene expression and the synthesis of permeability glycoprotein [P-glycoprotein (P-gp)]. We have determined whether ouabain, which binds to an extracellular motif of the Na+/K+-ATPase, stimulates MDR-1 gene expression by measuring both mRNA and protein and whether the resulting P-gp extrudes hydrophobic compounds and causes resistance to antimitotic agents. The experiments were performed on Calu-3 cells, a human cell line from a pulmonary carcinoma. Northern blotting showed that treating the cells with submicromolar concentrations of ouabain stimulated MDR-1 gene expression within 24 h. The ouabain-induced stimulation of MDR-1 expression was not restricted to Calu-3 cells but also occurred in human carcinomatous colon (T-84 and HT-29) and hepatic (H7V3) cells. However, it is not ubiquitous because it was not found in HeLa cells. The stimulation was reproduced by other Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors and occurred via enhanced gene transcription, apparently due to the increased cytosolic calcium concentration. Ouabain also increased the membrane content of P-gp, as detected by immunoblotting and immunohistology. We have developed a microvideo assay based on the properties of acetoxymethyl ester calcein and calcein to show that this P-gp extruded the hydrophobic acetoxymethyl ester calcein. Ouabain also caused the Calu-3 cells to become resistant to doxorubicin and vinblastine. Thus, although ouabain acts extracellularly, it may stimulate MDR-1 gene expression and P-gp synthesis and make cells resistant to hydrophobic cytotoxic compounds.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacokinetics
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Doxorubicin/pharmacokinetics
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Fluoresceins/pharmacokinetics
- Fluorescent Dyes/pharmacokinetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, MDR/drug effects
- Humans
- Ouabain/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Respiratory Mucosa/drug effects
- Respiratory Mucosa/metabolism
- Respiratory Mucosa/physiology
- Stimulation, Chemical
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vinblastine/pharmacokinetics
- Vinblastine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- F Brouillard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.467, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France
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