1
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Egan G, Hannah AJ, Donnelly S, Connolly P, Seib FP. The Biologically Active Biopolymer Silk: The Antibacterial Effects of Solubilized Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin with Common Wound Pathogens. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2300115. [PMID: 38411381 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Antibacterial properties are desirable in wound dressings. Silks, among many material formats, have been investigated for use in wound care. However, the antibacterial properties of liquid silk are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the inherent antibacterial properties of a Bombyx mori silk fibroin solution. Silk fibroin solutions containing ≥ 4% w/v silk fibroin do not support the growth of two common wound pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When liquid silk is added to a wound pad and placed on inoculated culture plates mimicking wound fluid, silk is bacteriostatic. Viability tests of the bacterial cells in the presence of liquid silk show that cells remain intact within the silk but could not be cultured. Liquid silk appears to provide a hostile environment for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and inhibits growth without disrupting the cell membrane. This effect can be beneficial for wound healing and supports future healthcare applications for silk. This observation also indicates that liquid silk stored prior to processing is unlikely to experience microbial spoilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Egan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Aiden J Hannah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Sean Donnelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Patricia Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
- Branch Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
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2
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Kaewchuchuen J, Matthew SAL, Phuagkhaopong S, Bimbo LM, Seib FP. Functionalising silk hydrogels with hetero- and homotypic nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3525-3535. [PMID: 38259992 PMCID: PMC10801455 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07634b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite many reports detailing silk hydrogels, the development of composite silk hydrogels with homotypic and heterotypic silk nanoparticles and their impact on material mechanics and biology have remained largely unexplored. We hypothesise that the inclusion of nanoparticles into silk-based hydrogels enables the formation of homotropic and heterotropic material assemblies. The aim was to explore how well these systems allow tuning of mechanics and cell adhesion to ultimately control the cell-material interface. We utilised nonporous silica nanoparticles as a standard reference and compared them to nanoparticles derived from Bombyx mori silk and Antheraea mylitta (tasar) silk (approximately 100-150 nm in size). Initially, physically cross-linked B. mori silk hydrogels were prepared containing silica, B. mori silk nanoparticles, or tasar silk nanoparticles at concentrations of either 0.05% or 0.5% (w/v). The initial modulus (stiffness) of these nanoparticle-functionalised silk hydrogels was similar. Stress relaxation was substantially faster for nanoparticle-modified silk hydrogels than for unmodified control hydrogels. Increasing the concentrations of B. mori silk and silica nanoparticles slowed stress relaxation, while the opposite trend was observed for hydrogels modified with tasar nanoparticles. Cell attachment was similar for all hydrogels, but proliferation during the initial 24 h was significantly improved with the nanoparticle-modified hydrogels. Overall, this study demonstrates the manufacture and utilisation of homotropic and heterotropic silk hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirada Kaewchuchuen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - Saphia A L Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Luis M Bimbo
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rua Larga, University of Coimbra 3004-504 Coimbra Portugal
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Rua Larga, University of Coimbra 3004-504 Coimbra Portugal
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology Branch Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12 35392 Giessen Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Pharmacy Lessingstr. 8 07743 Jena Germany +49 3641 9 499 00
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3
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Abstract
Medical silks have captured global interest. While silk sutures have a long track record in humans, silk bioconjugates are still in preclinical development. This perspective examines key advances in silk bioconjugation, including the fabrication of silk-protein conjugates, bioconjugated silk particles, and bioconjugated substrates to enhance cell-material interactions in two and three dimensions. Many of these systems rely on chemical modification of the silk biopolymer, often using carbodiimide and reactive ester chemistries. However, recent progress in enzyme-mediated and click chemistries has expanded the molecular toolbox to enable biorthogonal, site-specific conjugation in a single step when combined with recombinant silk fibroin tagged with noncanonical amino acids. This perspective outlines key strategies available for chemical modification, compares the resulting silk conjugates to clinical benchmarks, and outlines open questions and areas that require more work. Overall, this assessment highlights a domain of new sunrise capabilities and development opportunities for silk bioconjugates that may ultimately offer new ways of delivering improved healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia
A. L. Matthew
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
- Branch
Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular
Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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4
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Kaewchuchuen J, Roamcharern N, Phuagkhaopong S, Bimbo LM, Seib FP. Microfibre-Functionalised Silk Hydrogels. Cells 2023; 13:10. [PMID: 38201214 PMCID: PMC10777932 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Silk hydrogels have shown potential for tissue engineering applications, but several gaps and challenges, such as a restricted ability to form hydrogels with tuned mechanics and structural features, still limit their utilisation. Here, Bombyx mori and Antheraea mylitta (Tasar) silk microfibres were embedded within self-assembling B. mori silk hydrogels to modify the bulk hydrogel mechanical properties. This approach is particularly attractive because it creates structured silk hydrogels. First, B. mori and Tasar microfibres were prepared with lengths between 250 and 500 μm. Secondary structure analyses showed high beta-sheet contents of 61% and 63% for B. mori and Tasar microfibres, respectively. Mixing either microfibre type, at either 2% or 10% (w/v) concentrations, into 3% (w/v) silk solutions during the solution-gel transition increased the initial stiffness of the resulting silk hydrogels, with the 10% (w/v) addition giving a greater increase. Microfibre addition also altered hydrogel stress relaxation, with the fastest stress relaxation observed with a rank order of 2% (w/v) > 10% (w/v) > unmodified hydrogels for either fibre type, although B. mori fibres showed a greater effect. The resulting data sets are interesting because they suggest that the presence of microfibres provided potential 'flow points' within these hydrogels. Assessment of the biological responses by monitoring cell attachment onto these two-dimensional hydrogel substrates revealed greater numbers of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPSC-MSCs) attached to the hydrogels containing 10% (w/v) B. mori microfibres as well as 2% (w/v) and 10% (w/v) Tasar microfibres at 24 h after seeding. Cytoskeleton staining revealed a more elongated and stretched morphology for the cells growing on hydrogels containing Tasar microfibres. Overall, these findings illustrate that hydrogel stiffness, stress relaxation and the iPSC-MSC responses towards silk hydrogels can be tuned using microfibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirada Kaewchuchuen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK (L.M.B.)
| | - Napaporn Roamcharern
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK (L.M.B.)
| | - Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK (L.M.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Luis M. Bimbo
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK (L.M.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK (L.M.B.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology & Applied Ecology, Branch Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Matthew SAL, Egan G, Witte K, Kaewchuchuen J, Phuagkhaopong S, Totten JD, Seib FP. Smart Silk Origami as Eco-sensors for Environmental Pollution. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:3658-3666. [PMID: 35575686 PMCID: PMC9382635 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Origami folding is
an easy, cost-effective, and scalable fabrication
method for changing a flat material into a complex 3D functional shape.
Here, we created semicrystalline silk films doped with iron oxide
particles by mold casting and annealing. The flat silk films could
be loaded with natural dyes and folded into 3D geometries using origami
principles following plasticization. They performed locomotion under
a magnetic field, were reusable, and displayed colorimetric stability.
The critical parameters for the design of the semi-autonomous silk
film, including ease of folding, shape preservation, and locomotion
in the presence of a magnetic field, were characterized, and pH detection
was achieved by eye and by digital image colorimetry with a response
time below 1 min. We demonstrate a practical application—a
battery-free origami silk boat—as a colorimetric sensor for
waterborne pollutants, which was reusable at least five times. This
work introduces silk eco-sensors and merges responsive actuation and
origami techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia A. L. Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - Gemma Egan
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - Kimia Witte
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - Jirada Kaewchuchuen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - John D. Totten
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, GlasgowG4 0RE, U.K
- EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, GlasgowG1 1RD, U.K
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6
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Matthew SAL, Rezwan R, Perrie Y, Seib FP. Volumetric Scalability of Microfluidic and Semi-Batch Silk Nanoprecipitation Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:2368. [PMID: 35408763 PMCID: PMC9000471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk fibroin nanoprecipitation by organic desolvation in semi-batch and microfluidic formats provides promising bottom-up routes for manufacturing narrow polydispersity, spherical silk nanoparticles. The translation of silk nanoparticle production to pilot, clinical, and industrial scales can be aided through insight into the property drifts incited by nanoprecipitation scale-up and the identification of critical process parameters to maintain throughout scaling. Here, we report the reproducibility of silk nanoprecipitation on volumetric scale-up in low-shear, semi-batch systems and estimate the reproducibility of chip parallelization for volumetric scale-up in a high shear, staggered herringbone micromixer. We showed that silk precursor feeds processed in an unstirred semi-batch system (mixing time > 120 s) displayed significant changes in the nanoparticle physicochemical and crystalline properties following a 12-fold increase in volumetric scale between 1.8 and 21.9 mL while the physicochemical properties stayed constant following a further 6-fold increase in scale to 138 mL. The nanoparticle physicochemical properties showed greater reproducibility after a 6-fold volumetric scale-up when using lower mixing times of greater similarity (8.4 s and 29.4 s) with active stirring at 400 rpm, indicating that the bulk mixing time and average shear rate should be maintained during volumetric scale-up. Conversely, microfluidic manufacture showed high between-batch repeatability and between-chip reproducibility across four participants and microfluidic chips, thereby strengthening chip parallelization as a production strategy for silk nanoparticles at pilot, clinical, and industrial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia A. L. Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (S.A.L.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - Refaya Rezwan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh;
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (S.A.L.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (S.A.L.M.); (Y.P.)
- EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
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7
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Egan G, Phuagkhaopong S, Matthew SAL, Connolly P, Seib FP. Impact of silk hydrogel secondary structure on hydrogel formation, silk leaching and in vitro response. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3729. [PMID: 35260610 PMCID: PMC8904773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk can be processed into a broad spectrum of material formats and is explored for a wide range of medical applications, including hydrogels for wound care. The current paradigm is that solution-stable silk fibroin in the hydrogels is responsible for their therapeutic response in wound healing. Here, we generated physically cross-linked silk fibroin hydrogels with tuned secondary structure and examined their ability to influence their biological response by leaching silk fibroin. Significantly more silk fibroin leached from hydrogels with an amorphous silk fibroin structure than with a beta sheet-rich silk fibroin structure, although all hydrogels leached silk fibroin. The leached silk was biologically active, as it induced vitro chemokinesis and faster scratch assay wound healing by activating receptor tyrosine kinases. Overall, these effects are desirable for wound management and show the promise of silk fibroin and hydrogel leaching in the wider healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Egan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Saphia A L Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Patricia Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK. .,EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
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8
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Matthew SAL, Rezwan R, Kaewchuchuen J, Perrie Y, Seib FP. Mixing and flow-induced nanoprecipitation for morphology control of silk fibroin self-assembly. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7357-7373. [PMID: 35424679 PMCID: PMC8982335 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuning silk fibroin nanoparticle morphology using nanoprecipitation for bottom-up manufacture is an unexplored field that has the potential to improve particle performance characteristics. The aim of this work was to use both semi-batch bulk mixing and micro-mixing to modulate silk nanoparticle morphology by controlling the supersaturation and shear rate during nanoprecipitation. At flow rates where the shear rate was below the critical shear rate for silk, increasing the concentration of silk in both bulk and micro-mixing processes resulted in particle populations of increased sphericity, lower size, and lower polydispersity index. At high flow rates, where the critical shear rate was exceeded, the increased supersaturation with increasing concentration was counteracted by increased rates of shear-induced assembly. The morphology could be tuned from rod-like to spherical assemblies by increasing supersaturation of the high-shear micro-mixing process, thereby supporting a role for fast mixing in the production of narrow-polydispersity silk nanoparticles. This work provides new insight into the effects of shear during nanoprecipitation and provides a framework for scalable manufacture of spherical and rod-like silk nanoparticles. Tuning silk fibroin nanoparticle morphology using nanoprecipitation for bottom-up manufacture is an unexplored field that has the potential to improve particle performance characteristics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia A L Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK +44 (0)141 548 2510
| | - Refaya Rezwan
- Department of Pharmacy, ASA University Bangladesh 23/3 Bir Uttam A. N. M. Nuruzzaman Sarak Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Jirada Kaewchuchuen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK +44 (0)141 548 2510.,Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok Thailand
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK +44 (0)141 548 2510
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK +44 (0)141 548 2510.,EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre 99 George Street Glasgow G1 1RD UK
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9
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Matthew SAL, Rezwan R, Kaewchuchuen J, Perrie Y, Seib FP. Correction: Mixing and flow-induced nanoprecipitation for morphology control of silk fibroin self-assembly. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25006-25009. [PMID: 36199873 PMCID: PMC9450167 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra90071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Mixing and flow-induced nanoprecipitation for morphology control of silk fibroin self-assembly’ by Saphia A. L. Matthew et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 7357–7373. https://doi.org/10.2039/D1RA07764C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia A. L. Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Refaya Rezwan
- Department of Pharmacy, ASA University Bangladesh, 23/3 Bir Uttam A. N. M. Nuruzzaman Sarak, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jirada Kaewchuchuen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
- EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
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10
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Totten JD, Alhadrami HA, Jiffri EH, McMullen CJ, Seib FP, Carswell HVO. Towards clinical translation of 'second-generation' regenerative stroke therapies: hydrogels as game changers? Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:708-720. [PMID: 34815101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is an unmet clinical need with a paucity of treatments, at least in part because chronic stroke pathologies are prohibitive to 'first-generation' stem cell-based therapies. Hydrogels can remodel the hostile stroke microenvironment to aid endogenous and exogenous regenerative repair processes. However, no clinical trials have yet been successfully commissioned for these 'second-generation' hydrogel-based therapies for chronic ischaemic stroke regeneration. This review recommends a path forward to improve hydrogel technology for future clinical translation for stroke. Specifically, we suggest that a better understanding of human host stroke tissue-hydrogel interactions in addition to the effects of scaling up hydrogel volume to human-sized cavities would help guide translation of these second-generation regenerative stroke therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Totten
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Hani A Alhadrami
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Jiffri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Calum J McMullen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
| | - Hilary V O Carswell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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11
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Gorenkova N, Maitz MF, Böhme G, Alhadrami HA, Jiffri EH, Totten JD, Werner C, Carswell HVO, Seib FP. The innate immune response of self-assembling silk fibroin hydrogels. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7194-7204. [PMID: 34553708 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00936b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Silk has a long track record of use in humans, and recent advances in silk fibroin processing have opened up new material formats. However, these new formats and their applications have subsequently created a need to ascertain their biocompatibility. Therefore, the present aim was to quantify the haemocompatibility and inflammatory response of silk fibroin hydrogels. This work demonstrated that self-assembled silk fibroin hydrogels, as one of the most clinically relevant new formats, induced very low blood coagulation and platelet activation but elevated the inflammatory response of human whole blood in vitro. In vivo bioluminescence imaging of neutrophils and macrophages showed an acute, but mild, local inflammatory response which was lower than or similar to that induced by polyethylene glycol, a benchmark material. The time-dependent local immune response in vivo was corroborated by histology, immunofluorescence and murine whole blood analyses. Overall, this study confirms that silk fibroin hydrogels induce a similar immune response to that of PEG hydrogels, while also demonstrating the power of non-invasive bioluminescence imaging for monitoring tissue responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gorenkova
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK. .,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya street, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Manfred F Maitz
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georg Böhme
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK. .,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hani A Alhadrami
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Jiffri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - John D Totten
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. BOX 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hilary V O Carswell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK. .,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.,EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
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12
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Phuagkhaopong S, Mendes L, Müller K, Wobus M, Bornhäuser M, Carswell HVO, Duarte IF, Seib FP. Silk Hydrogel Substrate Stress Relaxation Primes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior in 2D. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:30420-30433. [PMID: 34170674 PMCID: PMC8289244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-mimetic silk hydrogels are being explored for diverse healthcare applications, including stem cell delivery. However, the impact of stress relaxation of silk hydrogels on human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) biology is poorly defined. The aim of this study was to fabricate silk hydrogels with tuned mechanical properties that allowed the regulation of MSC biology in two dimensions. The silk content and stiffness of both elastic and viscoelastic silk hydrogels were kept constant to permit direct comparisons. Gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, LIF, BMP-6, BMP-7, and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C were substantially higher in MSCs cultured on elastic hydrogels than those on viscoelastic hydrogels, whereas this pattern was reversed for insulin, HNF-1A, and SOX-2. Protein expression was also mechanosensitive and the elastic cultures showed strong activation of IL-1β signaling in response to hydrogel mechanics. An elastic substrate also induced higher consumption of glucose and aspartate, coupled with a higher secretion of lactate, than was observed in MSCs grown on viscoelastic substrate. However, both silk hydrogels changed the magnitude of consumption of glucose, pyruvate, glutamine, and aspartate, and also metabolite secretion, resulting in an overall lower metabolic activity than that found in control cells. Together, these findings describe how stress relaxation impacts the overall biology of MSCs cultured on silk hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
| | - Luís Mendes
- CICECO
− Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Katrin Müller
- University
Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Manja Wobus
- University
Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- University
Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
- Center
for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Hilary V. O. Carswell
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- CICECO
− Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
- EPSRC
Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and
Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max
Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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13
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Seib FP. Emerging Silk Material Trends: Repurposing, Phase Separation and Solution-Based Designs. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:1160. [PMID: 33804578 PMCID: PMC7957590 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Silk continues to amaze. This review unravels the most recent progress in silk science, spanning from fundamental insights to medical silks. Key advances in silk flow are examined, with specific reference to the role of metal ions in switching silk from a storage to a spinning state. Orthogonal thermoplastic silk molding is described, as is the transfer of silk flow principles for the triggering of flow-induced crystallization in other non-silk polymers. Other exciting new developments include silk-inspired liquid-liquid phase separation for non-canonical fiber formation and the creation of "silk organelles" in live cells. This review closes by examining the role of silk fabrics in fashioning facemasks in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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14
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Abstract
Silk nanoparticles have demonstrated utility across a range of biomedical applications, especially as drug delivery vehicles. Their fabrication by bottom-up methods such as nanoprecipitation, rather than top-down manufacture, can improve critical nanoparticle quality attributes. Here, we establish a simple semi-batch method using drop-by-drop nanoprecipitation at the lab scale that reduces special-cause variation and improves mixing efficiency. The stirring rate was an important parameter affecting nanoparticle size and yield (400 < 200 < 0 rpm), while the initial dropping height (5.5 vs 7.5 cm) directly affected nanoparticle yield. Varying the nanoparticle standing time in the mother liquor between 0 and 24 h did not significantly affect nanoparticle physicochemical properties, indicating that steric and charge stabilizations result in high-energy barriers for nanoparticle growth. Manufacture across all tested formulations achieved nanoparticles between 104 and 134 nm in size with high β-sheet content, spherical morphology, and stability in aqueous media for over 1 month at 4 °C. This semi-automated drop-by-drop, semi-batch silk desolvation offers an accessible, higher-throughput platform for standardization of parameters that are difficult to control using manual methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saphia A L Matthew
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - John D Totten
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.,EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Suttinee Phuagkhaopong
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - Gemma Egan
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - Kimia Witte
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.,EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Newland B, Varricchio C, Körner Y, Hoppe F, Taplan C, Newland H, Eigel D, Tornillo G, Pette D, Brancale A, Welzel PB, Seib FP, Werner C. Focal drug administration via heparin-containing cryogel microcarriers reduces cancer growth and metastasis. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 245:116504. [PMID: 32718615 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing drug delivery systems that release anticancer drugs in a controlled and sustained manner remains challenging. We hypothesized that highly sulfated heparin-based microcarriers would allow electrostatic drug binding and controlled release. In silico modelling showed that the anticancer drug doxorubicin has affinity for the heparin component of the microcarriers. Experimental results showed that the strong electrostatic interaction was reversible, allowing both doxorubicin loading and a subsequent slow release over 42 days without an initial burst release. The drug-loaded microcarriers were able to reduce cancer cell viability in vitro in both hormone-dependent and highly aggressive triple-negative human breast cancer cells. Focal drug treatment, of an in vivo orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer model significantly decreased tumor burden and reduced cancer metastasis, whereas systemic administration of an equivalent drug dose was ineffective. This study proves that heparin-based microcarriers can be used as drug delivery platforms, for focal delivery and sustained long-term drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Newland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Carmine Varricchio
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Yvonne Körner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Hoppe
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Taplan
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heike Newland
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitri Eigel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giusy Tornillo
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Dagmar Pette
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Brancale
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Petra B Welzel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK; EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Solomun JI, Totten JD, Wongpinyochit T, Florence AJ, Seib FP. Manual Versus Microfluidic-Assisted Nanoparticle Manufacture: Impact of Silk Fibroin Stock on Nanoparticle Characteristics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2796-2804. [PMID: 32582839 PMCID: PMC7304816 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Silk has a long track record of clinical use in the human body, and new formulations, including silk nanoparticles, continue to reveal the promise of this natural biopolymer for healthcare applications. Native silk fibroin can be isolated directly from the silk gland, but generating sufficient material for routine studies is difficult. Consequently, silk fibroin, typically extracted from cocoons, serves as the source for nanoparticle formation. This silk requires extensive processing (e.g., degumming, dissolution, etc.) to yield a hypoallergenic aqueous silk stock, but the impact of processing on nanoparticle production and characteristics is largely unknown. Here, manual and microfluidic-assisted silk nanoparticle manufacturing from 60- and 90-min degummed silk yielded consistent particle sizes (100.9-114.1 nm) with low polydispersity. However, the zeta potential was significantly lower (P < 0.05) for microfluidic-manufactured nanoparticles (-28 to -29 mV) than for manually produced nanoparticles (-39 to -43 mV). Molecular weight analysis showed a nanoparticle composition similar to that of the silk fibroin starting stock. Reducing the molecular weight of silk fibroin reduced the particle size for degumming times ≤30 min, whereas increasing the molecular weight polydispersity improved the nanoparticle homogeneity. Prolonged degumming (>30 min) had no significant effect on particle attributes. Overall, the results showed that silk fibroin processing directly impacts nanoparticle characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana I. Solomun
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K.
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - John D. Totten
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K.
- EPSRC
Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and
Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, G1 1RD Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Alastair J. Florence
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K.
- EPSRC
Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and
Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, G1 1RD Glasgow, U.K.
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, U.K.
- EPSRC
Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and
Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, G1 1RD Glasgow, U.K.
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max
Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Wongpinyochit T, Vassileiou AD, Gupta S, Mushrif SH, Johnston BF, Seib FP. Unraveling the Impact of High-Order Silk Structures on Molecular Drug Binding and Release Behaviors. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4278-4284. [PMID: 31318218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silk continues to amaze: over the past decade, new research threads have emerged that include the use of silk fibroin for advanced pharmaceutics, including its suitability for drug delivery. Despite this ongoing interest, the details of silk fibroin structures and their subsequent drug interactions at the molecular level remain elusive, primarily because of the difficulties encountered in modeling the silk fibroin molecule. Here, we generated an atomistic silk model containing amorphous and crystalline regions. We then exploited advanced well-tempered metadynamics simulations to generate molecular conformations that we subsequently exposed to classical molecular dynamics simulations to monitor both drug binding and release. Overall, this study demonstrated the importance of the silk fibroin primary sequence, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and higher-order conformation in the processes of drug binding and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , United Kingdom
| | - Antony D Vassileiou
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , United Kingdom
| | - Sukriti Gupta
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637553
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637459
| | - Samir H Mushrif
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637459
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , 9211-116 Street Northwest , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Blair F Johnston
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , United Kingdom
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , United Kingdom
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , United Kingdom
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
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18
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Wahlich J, Desai A, Greco F, Hill K, Jones AT, Mrsny RJ, Pasut G, Perrie Y, Seib FP, Seymour LW, Uchegbu IF. Nanomedicines for the Delivery of Biologics. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E210. [PMID: 31058802 PMCID: PMC6572454 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A special symposium of the Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanomedicines Focus Group reviewed the current status of the use of nanomedicines for the delivery of biologics drugs. This meeting was particularly timely with the recent approval of the first siRNA-containing product Onpattro™ (patisiran), which is formulated as a lipid nanoparticle for intravenous infusion, and the increasing interest in the use of nanomedicines for the oral delivery of biologics. The challenges in delivering such molecules were discussed with specific emphasis on the delivery both across and into cells. The latest developments in Molecular Envelope Technology® (Nanomerics Ltd, London, UK), liposomal drug delivery (both from an academic and industrial perspective), opportunities offered by the endocytic pathway, delivery using genetically engineered viral vectors (PsiOxus Technologies Ltd, Abingdon, UK), Transint™ technology (Applied Molecular Transport Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA), which has the potential to deliver a wide range of macromolecules, and AstraZeneca's initiatives in mRNA delivery were covered with a focus on their uses in difficult to treat diseases, including cancers. Preclinical data were presented for each of the technologies and where sufficiently advanced, plans for clinical studies as well as early clinical data. The meeting covered the work in progress in this exciting area and highlighted some key technologies to look out for in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Wahlich
- The Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 Heydon Road, Great Chishill, Royston SG8 8SR, UK.
| | - Arpan Desai
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Francesca Greco
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Kathryn Hill
- Global Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK.
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK.
| | - Randall J Mrsny
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Gianfranco Pasut
- Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Department, University of Padova, F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
| | - Leonard W Seymour
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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19
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Totten JD, Wongpinyochit T, Carrola J, Duarte IF, Seib FP. PEGylation-Dependent Metabolic Rewiring of Macrophages with Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:14515-14525. [PMID: 30977355 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin nanoparticles are emerging as promising nanomedicines, but their full therapeutic potential is yet to be realized. These nanoparticles can be readily PEGylated to improve colloidal stability and to tune degradation and drug release profiles; however, the relationship between silk fibroin nanoparticle PEGylation and macrophage activation still requires elucidation. Here, we used in vitro assays and nuclear magnetic resonance based metabolomics to examine the inflammatory phenotype and metabolic profiles of macrophages following their exposure to unmodified or PEGylated silk fibroin nanoparticles. The macrophages internalized both types of nanoparticles, but they showed different phenotypic and metabolic responses to each nanoparticle type. Unmodified silk fibroin nanoparticles induced the upregulation of several processes, including production of proinflammatory mediators (e.g., cytokines), release of nitric oxide, and promotion of antioxidant activity. These responses were accompanied by changes in the macrophage metabolomic profiles that were consistent with a proinflammatory state and that indicated an increase in glycolysis and reprogramming of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the creatine kinase/phosphocreatine pathway. By contrast, PEGylated silk fibroin nanoparticles induced milder changes to both inflammatory and metabolic profiles, suggesting that immunomodulation of macrophages with silk fibroin nanoparticles is PEGylation-dependent. Overall, PEGylation of silk fibroin nanoparticles reduced the inflammatory and metabolic responses initiated by macrophages, and this observation could be used to guide the therapeutic applications of these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Totten
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , U.K
| | - Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , U.K
| | - Joana Carrola
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Iola F Duarte
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE , U.K
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
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20
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Wongpinyochit T, Totten JD, Johnston BF, Seib FP. Microfluidic-assisted silk nanoparticle tuning. Nanoscale Adv 2019; 1:873-883. [PMID: 36132231 PMCID: PMC9473249 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00208h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Silk is now making inroads into advanced pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Both bottom-up and top-down approaches can be applied to silk and the resulting aqueous silk solution can be processed into a range of material formats, including nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate the potential of microfluidics for the continuous production of silk nanoparticles with tuned particle characteristics. Our microfluidic-based design ensured efficient mixing of different solvent phases at the nanoliter scale, in addition to controlling the solvent ratio and flow rates. The total flow rate and aqueous : solvent ratios were important parameters affecting yield (1 mL min-1 > 12 mL min-1). The ratios also affected size and stability; a solvent : aqueous total flow ratio of 5 : 1 efficiently generated spherical nanoparticles 110 and 215 nm in size that were stable in water and had a high beta-sheet content. These 110 and 215 nm silk nanoparticles were not cytotoxic (IC50 > 100 μg mL-1) but showed size-dependent cellular trafficking. Overall, microfluidic-assisted silk nanoparticle manufacture is a promising platform that allows control of the silk nanoparticle properties by manipulation of the processing variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - John D Totten
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - Blair F Johnston
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Hohe Strasse 6 01069 Dresden Germany
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Holland C, Numata K, Rnjak‐Kovacina J, Seib FP. The Biomedical Use of Silk: Past, Present, Future. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800465. [PMID: 30238637 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Humans have long appreciated silk for its lustrous appeal and remarkable physical properties, yet as the mysteries of silk are unraveled, it becomes clear that this outstanding biopolymer is more than a high-tech fiber. This progress report provides a critical but detailed insight into the biomedical use of silk. This journey begins with a historical perspective of silk and its uses, including the long-standing desire to reverse engineer silk. Selected silk structure-function relationships are then examined to appreciate past and current silk challenges. From this, biocompatibility and biodegradation are reviewed with a specific focus of silk performance in humans. The current clinical uses of silk (e.g., sutures, surgical meshes, and fabrics) are discussed, as well as clinical trials (e.g., wound healing, tissue engineering) and emerging biomedical applications of silk across selected formats, such as silk solution, films, scaffolds, electrospun materials, hydrogels, and particles. The journey finishes with a look at the roadmap of next-generation recombinant silks, especially the development pipeline of this new industry for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Holland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Sheffield Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street Sheffield South Yorkshire S1 3JD UK
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan
| | - Jelena Rnjak‐Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Dresden 01069 Germany
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Strathclyde Glasgow G4 0RE UK
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22
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Gorenkova N, Osama I, Seib FP, Carswell HV. In Vivo Evaluation of Engineered Self-Assembling Silk Fibroin Hydrogels after Intracerebral Injection in a Rat Stroke Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:859-869. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gorenkova
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Osama
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Hilary V.O. Carswell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
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23
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Abstract
Silk is a remarkable biopolymer with a long history of medical use. Silk fabrications have a robust track record for load-bearing applications, including surgical threads and meshes, which are clinically approved for use in humans. The progression of top-down and bottom-up engineering approaches using silk as the basis of a drug delivery or cell-loaded matrix helped to re-ignite interest in this ancient material. This review comprehensively summarises the current applications of silk for tissue engineering and drug delivery, with specific reference to the eye. Additionally, the review also covers emerging trends for the use of silk as a biologically active biopolymer for the treatment of eye disorders. The review concludes with future capabilities of silk to contribute to advanced, electronically-enhanced ocular drug delivery concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon H Tran
- 37D Biosystems, Inc., 2372 Morse Avenue, Suite 433, Irvine, California, 92614, USA
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Clive G Wilson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
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24
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Osama I, Gorenkova N, McKittrick CM, Wongpinyochit T, Goudie A, Seib FP, Carswell HVO. In vitro studies on space-conforming self-assembling silk hydrogels as a mesenchymal stem cell-support matrix suitable for minimally invasive brain application. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13655. [PMID: 30209255 PMCID: PMC6135807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced cell therapies require robust delivery materials and silk is a promising contender with a long clinical track record. Our aim was to optimise self-assembling silk hydrogels as a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-support matrix that would allow future minimally invasive brain application. We used sonication energy to programme the transition of silk (1-5% w/v) secondary structure from a random coil to a stable β-sheet configuration. This allowed fine tuning of self-assembling silk hydrogels to achieve space conformity in the absence of any silk hydrogel swelling and to support uniform cell distribution as well as cell viability. Embedded cells underwent significant proliferation over 14 days in vitro, with the best proliferation achieved with 2% w/v hydrogels. Embedded MSCs showed significantly better viability in vitro after injection through a 30G needle when the gels were in the pre-gelled versus post-gelled state. Silk hydrogels (4% w/v) with physical characteristics matching brain tissue were visualised in preliminary in vivo experiments to exhibit good space conformity in an ischemic cavity (intraluminal thread middle cerebral artery occlusion model) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 3). This study informs on optimal MSC-hydrogel matrix conditions for minimally invasive application as a platform for future experiments targeting brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Osama
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - N Gorenkova
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - C M McKittrick
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - T Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Goudie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - F P Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
| | - H V O Carswell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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25
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Abstract
Silk nanoparticles are viewed as promising vectors for intracellular drug delivery as they can be taken up into cells by endocytosis and trafficked to lysosomes, where lysosomal enzymes and the low pH trigger payload release. However, the subsequent degradation of the silk nanoparticles themselves still requires study. Here, we report the responsiveness of native and PEGylated silk nanoparticles to degradation following exposure to proteolytic enzymes (protease XIV and α-chymotrypsin) and papain, a cysteine protease. Both native and PEGylated silk nanoparticles showed similar degradation behavior over a 20 day exposure period (degradation rate: protease XIV > papain ≫ α-chymotrypsin). Within 1 day, the silk nanoparticles were rapidly degraded by protease XIV, resulting in a ∼50% mass loss, an increase in particle size, and a reduction in the amorphous content of the silk secondary structure. By contrast, 10 days of papain treatment was necessary to observe any significant change in nanoparticle properties, and α-chymotrypsin treatment had no effect on silk nanoparticle characteristics over the 20-day study period. Silk nanoparticles were also exposed ex vivo to mammalian lysosomal enzyme preparations to mimic the complex lysosomal microenvironment. Preliminary results indicated a 45% reduction in the silk nanoparticle size over a 5-day exposure. Overall, the results demonstrate that silk nanoparticles undergo enzymatic degradation, but the extent and kinetics are enzyme-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - Blair F Johnston
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.,Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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26
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Maitz MF, Sperling C, Wongpinyochit T, Herklotz M, Werner C, Seib FP. Biocompatibility assessment of silk nanoparticles: hemocompatibility and internalization by human blood cells. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2017; 13:2633-2642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Silk nanoparticles are expected to improve chemotherapeutic drug targeting to solid tumours by exploiting tumour pathophysiology, modifying the cellular pharmacokinetics of the payload and ultimately resulting in trafficking to lysosomes and triggering drug release. However, experimental proof for lysosomotropic drug delivery by silk nanoparticles in live cells is lacking and the importance of lysosomal pH and enzymes controlling drug release is currently unknown. Here, we demonstrate, in live single human breast cancer cells, the role of the lysosomal environment in determining silk nanoparticle-mediated drug release. MCF-7 human breast cancer cells endocytosed and trafficked drug-loaded native and PEGylated silk nanoparticles (∼100 nm in diameter) to lysosomes, with subsequent drug release from the respective carriers and nuclear translocation within 5 h of dosing. A combination of low pH and enzymatic degradation facilitated drug release from the silk nanoparticles; perturbation of the acidic lysosomal pH and inhibition of serine, cysteine and threonine proteases resulted in a 42% ± 2.2% and 33% ± 3% reduction in nuclear-associated drug accumulation for native and PEGylated silk nanoparticles, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of lysosomal activity for anticancer drug release from silk nanoparticles, thereby providing direct evidence for lysosomotropic drug delivery in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Totten
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
| | - Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK.,b Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden , Dresden , Germany
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28
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Saborano R, Wongpinyochit T, Totten JD, Johnston BF, Seib FP, Duarte IF. Metabolic Reprogramming of Macrophages Exposed to Silk, Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and Silica Nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28544603 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring macrophage metabolism in response to nanoparticle exposure provides new insights into biological outcomes, such as inflammation or toxicity, and supports the design of tailored nanomedicines. This paper describes the metabolic signature of macrophages exposed to nanoparticles ranging in diameter from 100 to 125 nm and made from silk, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) or silica. Nanoparticles of this size and type are currently at various stages of preclinical and clinical development for drug delivery applications. 1 H NMR analysis of cell extracts and culture media is used to quantify the changes in the intracellular and extracellular metabolomes of macrophages in response to nanoparticle exposure. Increased glycolytic activity, an altered tricarboxylic acid cycle, and reduced ATP generation are consistent with a proinflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, amino acids possibly arising from autophagy, the creatine kinase/phosphocreatine system, and a few osmolytes and antioxidants emerge as important players in the metabolic reprogramming of macrophages exposed to nanoparticles. This metabolic signature is a common response to all nanoparticles tested; however, the direction and magnitude of some variations are clearly nanoparticle specific, indicating material-induced biological specificity. Overall, metabolic reprogramming of macrophages can be achieved with nanoparticle treatments, modulated through the choice of the material, and monitored using 1 H NMR metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Saborano
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - John D. Totten
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - Blair F. Johnston
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.; Max Bergmann Centre of Biomaterials Dresden; Hohe Strasse 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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29
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30
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Seib FP, Tsurkan M, Freudenberg U, Kaplan DL, Werner C. Heparin-Modified Polyethylene Glycol Microparticle Aggregates for Focal Cancer Chemotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2287-2293. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Max
Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Mikhail Tsurkan
- Max
Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Max
Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Carsten Werner
- Max
Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
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31
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Abstract
Silk is a promising biopolymer for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to its outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well its ability to protect and subsequently release its payload in response to a trigger. While silk can be formulated into various material formats, silk nanoparticles are emerging as promising drug delivery systems. Therefore, this article covers the procedures for reverse engineering silk cocoons to yield a regenerated silk solution that can be used to generate stable silk nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are subsequently characterized, drug loaded and explored as a potential anticancer drug delivery system. Briefly, silk cocoons are reverse engineered first by degumming the cocoons, followed by silk dissolution and clean up, to yield an aqueous silk solution. Next, the regenerated silk solution is subjected to nanoprecipitation to yield silk nanoparticles - a simple but powerful method that generates uniform nanoparticles. The silk nanoparticles are characterized according to their size, zeta potential, morphology and stability in aqueous media, as well as their ability to entrap a chemotherapeutic payload and kill human breast cancer cells. Overall, the described methodology yields uniform silk nanoparticles that can be readily explored for a myriad of applications, including their use as a potential nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blair F Johnston
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde;
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32
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Wongpinyochit T, Uhlmann P, Urquhart AJ, Seib FP. Correction to PEGylated Silk Nanoparticles for Anticancer Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:698. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Thidarat Wongpinyochit
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew J. Urquhart
- Center
for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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34
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Seib FP, Coburn J, Konrad I, Klebanov N, Jones GT, Blackwood B, Charest A, Kaplan DL, Chiu B. Focal therapy of neuroblastoma using silk films to deliver kinase and chemotherapeutic agents in vivo. Acta Biomater 2015; 20:32-38. [PMID: 25861948 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Current methods for treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma patients include surgical intervention, in addition to systemic chemotherapy. However, only limited therapeutic tools are available to pediatric surgeons involved in neuroblastoma care, so the development of intraoperative treatment modalities is highly desirable. This study presents a silk film library generated for focal therapy of neuroblastoma; these films were loaded with either the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin or the targeted drug crizotinib. Drug release kinetics from the silk films were fine-tuned by changing the amount and physical crosslinking of silk; doxorubicin loaded films were further refined by applying a gold nanocoating. Doxorubicin-loaded, physically crosslinked silk films showed the best in vitro activity and superior in vivo activity in orthotopic neuroblastoma studies when compared to the doxorubicin-equivalent dose administered intravenously. Silk films were also suitable for delivery of the targeted drug crizotinib, as crizotinib-loaded silk films showed an extended release profile and an improved response both in vitro and in vivo when compared to freely diffusible crizotinib. These findings, when combined with prior in vivo data on silk, support a viable future for silk-based anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jeannine Coburn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Ilona Konrad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Nikolai Klebanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Gregory T Jones
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Brian Blackwood
- Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Alain Charest
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Bill Chiu
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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35
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Seib FP, Berry JE, Shiozawa Y, Taichman RS, Kaplan DL. Tissue engineering a surrogate niche for metastatic cancer cells. Biomaterials 2015; 51:313-319. [PMID: 25771021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In breast and prostate cancer patients, the bone marrow is a preferred site of metastasis. We hypothesized that we could use tissue-engineering strategies to lure metastasizing cancer cells to tissue-engineered bone marrow. First, we generated highly porous 3D silk scaffolds that were biocompatible and amenable to bone morphogenetic protein 2 functionalization. Control and functionalized silk scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted in mice and bone marrow development was followed. Only functionalized scaffolds developed cancellous bone and red bone marrow, which appeared as early as two weeks post-implantation and further developed over the 16-week study period. This tissue-engineered bone marrow microenvironment could be readily manipulated in situ to understand the biology of bone metastasis. To test the ability of functionalized scaffolds to serve as a surrogate niche for metastasis, human breast cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pads of mice. The treatment of animals with scaffolds had no significant effect on primary tumor growth. However, extensive metastasis was observed in functionalized scaffolds, and the highest levels for scaffolds that were in situ manipulated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). We also applied this tissue-engineered bone marrow model in a prostate cancer and experimental metastasis setting. In summary, we were able to use tissue-engineered bone marrow to serve as a target or "trap" for metastasizing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Janice E Berry
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Russell S Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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36
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Abstract
We present a detailed characterization of fibronectin (FN) adsorption and cell adhesion on poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) and poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), two polymers with very similar physicochemical properties and chemical structure, which differ in one single methyl group in the lateral chain of the polymer. The globular solution conformation of FN was retained following adsorption onto PMA, whereas spontaneous organization of FN into protein (nano) networks occurred on PEA. This distinct distribution of FN at the material interface promoted a different availability, measured via monoclonal antibody binding, of two domains that facilitated integrin binding to FN: FNIII10 (RGD sequence) and FNIII9 (PHSRN synergy sequence). The enhanced exposure of the synergy domain on PEA compared to PMA triggered different focal adhesion assemblies: L929 fibroblasts showed a higher fraction of smaller focal plaques on PMA (40%) than on PEA (20%). Blocking experiments with monoclonal antibodies against FNIII10 (HFN7.1) and FNIII9 (mAb1937) confirmed the ability of these polymeric substrates to modulate FN conformation. Overall, we propose a simple and versatile material platform that can be used to tune the presentation of a main extracellular matrix protein (FN) to cells, for applications than span from tissue engineering to disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankie A. Vanterpool
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Cantini
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Seib FP, Jones GT, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Lin Y, Kaplan DL. pH-dependent anticancer drug release from silk nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1606-11. [PMID: 23625825 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Silk has traditionally been used as a suture material because of its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. These properties have led to the development of different silk-based material formats for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although there have been a small number of studies about the use of silk particles for drug delivery, none of these studies have assessed the potential of silk to act as a stimulus-responsive anticancer nanomedicine. This report demonstrates that an acetone precipitation of silk allows the formation of uniform silk nanoparticles (98 nm diameter, polydispersity index 0.109), with an overall negative surface charge (-33.6 ± 5.8 mV), in a single step. Silk nanoparticles are readily loaded with doxorubicin (40 ng doxorubicin/μg silk) and show pH-dependent release (pH 4.5≫ 6.0 > 7.4). In vitro studies with human breast cancer cell lines demonstrates that the silk nanoparticles are not cytotoxic (IC50 > 120 μg mL(-1) ) and that doxorubicin-loaded silk nanoparticles are able to overcome drug resistance mechanisms. Live cell fluorescence microscopy studies show endocytic uptake and lysosomal accumulation of silk nanoparticles. In summary, the pH-dependent drug release and lysosomal accumulation of silk nanoparticles demonstrate the ability of drug-loaded silk nanoparticles to serve as a lysosomotropic anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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38
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Seib FP, Herklotz M, Burke KA, Maitz MF, Werner C, Kaplan DL. Multifunctional silk-heparin biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering applications. Biomaterials 2013; 35:83-91. [PMID: 24099708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, silk has been proposed for numerous biomedical applications that go beyond its traditional use as a suture material. Silk sutures are well tolerated in humans, but the use of silk for vascular engineering applications still requires extensive biocompatibility testing. Some studies have indicated a need to modify silk to yield a hemocompatible surface. This study examined the potential of low molecular weight heparin as a material for refining silk properties by acting as a carrier for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and improving silk hemocompatibility. Heparinized silk showed a controlled VEGF release over 6 days; the released VEGF was bioactive and supported the growth of human endothelial cells. Silk samples were then assessed using a humanized hemocompatibility system that employs whole blood and endothelial cells. The overall thrombogenic response for silk was very low and similar to the clinical reference material polytetrafluoroethylene. Despite an initial inflammatory response to silk, apparent as complement and leukocyte activation, the endothelium was maintained in a resting, anticoagulant state. The low thrombogenic response and the ability to control VEGF release support the further development of silk for vascular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Chiu B, Coburn J, Seib FP, Charest A, Kaplan DL. Surgical resection combined with application of doxorubicin-loaded sustained release silk film as a treatment strategy in an orthotopic xenograft neuroblastoma mouse model. J Am Coll Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.07.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Seib FP, Pritchard EM, Kaplan DL. Self-assembling doxorubicin silk hydrogels for the focal treatment of primary breast cancer. Adv Funct Mater 2013; 23:58-65. [PMID: 23646041 PMCID: PMC3639434 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201201238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Standard care for early stage breast cancer includes tumor resection and local radiotherapy to achieve long-term remission. Systemic chemotherapy provides only low locoregional control of the disease; therefore, we describe self-assembling silk hydrogels that can retain and then deliver doxorubicin locally. Self-assembling silk hydrogels show no swelling, are readily loaded with doxorubicin under aqueous conditions and release drug over 4 weeks in amounts that can be fine-tuned by varying the silk content. Following successful in vitro studies, locally injected silk hydrogels loaded with doxorubicin show excellent antitumor response in mice, outperforming the equivalent amount of doxorubicin delivered intravenously. In addition to reducing primary tumor growth, doxorubicin-loaded silk hydrogels reduce metastatic spread and are well tolerated in vivo. Thus, silk hydrogels are well suited for the local delivery of chemotherapy and provide a promising approach to improve locoregional control of breast cancer.
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Reagan MR, Seib FP, McMillin DW, Sage EK, Mitsiades CS, Janes SM, Ghobrial IM, Kaplan DL. Stem Cell Implants for Cancer Therapy: TRAIL-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Target Cancer Cells In Situ. J Breast Cancer 2012; 15:273-82. [PMID: 23091539 PMCID: PMC3468780 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2012.15.3.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tumor-specific delivery of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), an apoptosis-inducing peptide, at effective doses remains challenging. Herein we demonstrate the utility of a scaffold-based delivery system for sustained therapeutic cell release that capitalizes on the tumor-homing properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their ability to express genetically-introduced therapeutic genes. Methods Implants were formed from porous, biocompatible silk scaffolds seeded with full length TRAIL-expressing MSCs (FLT-MSCs). under a doxycycline inducible promoter. In vitro studies with FLT-MSCs demonstrated TRAIL expression and antitumor effects on breast cancer cells. Next, FLT-MSCs were administered to mice using three administration routes (mammary fat pad co-injections, tail vein injections, and subcutaneous implantation on scaffolds). Results In vitro cell-specific bioluminescent imaging measured tumor cell specific growth in the presence of stromal cells and demonstrated FLT-MSC inhibition of breast cancer growth. FLT-MSC implants successfully decreased bone and lung metastasis, whereas liver metastasis decreased only with tail vein and co-injection administration routes. Average tumor burden was decreased when doxycycline was used to induce TRAIL expression for co-injection and scaffold groups, as compared to controls with no induced TRAIL expression. Conclusion This implant-based therapeutic delivery system is an effective and completely novel method of anticancer therapy and holds great potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela R Reagan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, USA
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Seib FP, Kaplan DL. Doxorubicin-loaded silk films: drug-silk interactions and in vivo performance in human orthotopic breast cancer. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8442-50. [PMID: 22922025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common of all malignant diseases in women. Systemic chemotherapy provides low clinical benefit for locoregional control of the disease, while localised chemotherapy may provide a therapeutic advantage. In this study, doxorubicin-loaded silk films were directly applied to tumours. Affinity binding studies demonstrated that the adsorption of doxorubicin onto silk was partially dependent on crystallinity. By manipulating silk crystallinity, or β-sheet content, the doxorubicin release rate could be controlled ranging from immediate release to prolonged release over >4 weeks. The therapeutic impact of doxorubicin-loaded silk films on primary tumour growth and metastasis was assessed in mice using a humanised orthotopic breast cancer model (adenocarcinoma). Both soluble and stabilised silk films loaded with doxorubicin had a significantly greater primary tumour response than the equivalent dose of doxorubicin administered intravenously in the absence of the silk film carrier. In addition to reducing primary tumour growth, stabilised silk films loaded with doxorubicin also reduced metastatic spread and autopsy indicated that these films were not associated with any local or systemic toxicities. Collectively, these results suggest that the future use of this approach for localised chemotherapy is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Lescarbeau RM, Seib FP, Prewitz M, Werner C, Kaplan DL. In vitro model of metastasis to bone marrow mediates prostate cancer castration resistant growth through paracrine and extracellular matrix factors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40372. [PMID: 22870197 PMCID: PMC3411611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of prostate cancer cells to the bone marrow microenvironment and castration resistant growth are key steps in disease progression and significant sources of morbidity. However, the biological significance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow derived extracellular matrix (BM-ECM) in this process is not fully understood. We therefore established an in vitro engineered bone marrow tissue model that incorporates hMSCs and BM-ECM to facilitate mechanistic studies of prostate cancer cell survival in androgen-depleted media in response to paracrine factors and BM-ECM. hMSC-derived paracrine factors increased LNCaP cell survival, which was in part attributed to IGFR and IL6 signaling. In addition, BM-ECM increased LNCaP and MDA-PCa-2b cell survival in androgen-depleted conditions, and induced chemoresistance and morphological changes in LNCaPs. To determine the effect of BM-ECM on cell signaling, the phosphorylation status of 46 kinases was examined. Increases in the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway-related proteins as well as sustained Akt phosphorylation were observed in BM-ECM cultures when compared to cultures grown on plasma-treated polystyrene. Blocking MEK1/2 or the PI3K pathway led to a significant reduction in LNCaP survival when cultured on BM-ECM in androgen-depleted conditions. The clinical relevance of these observations was determined by analyzing Erk phosphorylation in human bone metastatic prostate cancer versus non-metastatic prostate cancer, and increased phosphorylation was seen in the metastatic samples. Here we describe an engineered bone marrow model that mimics many features observed in patients and provides a platform for mechanistic in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynald M. Lescarbeau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - F. Philipp Seib
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marina Prewitz
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Seib FP, Maitz MF, Hu X, Werner C, Kaplan DL. Impact of processing parameters on the haemocompatibility of Bombyx mori silk films. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1017-23. [PMID: 22079005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Silk has traditionally been used for surgical sutures due to its lasting strength and durability; however, the use of purified silk proteins as a scaffold material for vascular tissue engineering goes beyond traditional use and requires application-orientated biocompatibility testing. For this study, a library of Bombyx mori silk films was generated and exposed to various solvents and treatment conditions to reflect current silk processing techniques. The films, along with clinically relevant reference materials, were exposed to human whole blood to determine silk blood compatibility. All substrates showed an initial inflammatory response comparable to polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), and a low to moderate haemostasis response similar to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrates. In particular, samples that were water annealed at 25 °C for 6 h demonstrated the best blood compatibility based on haemostasis parameters (e.g. platelet decay, thrombin-antithrombin complex, platelet factor 4, granulocytes-platelet conjugates) and inflammatory parameters (e.g. C3b, C5a, CD11b, surface-associated leukocytes). Multiple factors such as treatment temperature and solvent influenced the biological response, though no single physical parameter such as β-sheet content, isoelectric point or contact angle accurately predicted blood compatibility. These findings, when combined with prior in vivo data on silk, support a viable future for silk-based vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, MA 02155, USA
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Sobkow L, Seib FP, Prodanov L, Kurth I, Drichel J, Bornhäuser M, Werner C. Prolonged transendothelial migration of human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) towards hydrogel-released SDF1. Ann Hematol 2011; 90:865-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
The critical requirement for matrix-associated bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) during induction of bone formation in vivo has long been recognized. However, the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) physisorbed BMPs in inducing the differentiation of resident mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts has been ill-defined. We therefore used BMP-responsive C2C12s to study the biological activity of collagen type I physisorbed BMP-2. Fibrillar collagen type I scaffolds were loaded with 75 ng BMP-2/microg collagen. Under cell culture conditions, 40% of loaded (125)I-labelled BMP-2 was released within 24 h, whereas the remaining BMP-2 was stably physisorbed for > 7 days. Using these systems suggested that physisorbed BMP-2 is more active than diffusible BMP-2. Thus, the current clinical practice of immobilizing BMPs on collagen type I scaffolds not only prolongs local delivery of the morphogen but could also enhance biological activity at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials, Dresden, Germany
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Stiehler M, Seib FP, Rauh J, Goedecke A, Werner C, Bornhäuser M, Günther KP, Bernstein P. Cancellous bone allograft seeded with human mesenchymal stromal cells: a potential good manufacturing practice-grade tool for the regeneration of bone defects. Cytotherapy 2010; 12:658-68. [DOI: 10.3109/14653241003774052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Seib FP, Müller K, Franke M, Grimmer M, Bornhäuser M, Werner C. Engineered Extracellular Matrices Modulate the Expression Profile and Feeder Properties of Bone Marrow-Derived Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:3161-71. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Philipp Seib
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Franke
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Milauscha Grimmer
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Seib FP, Franke M, Jing D, Werner C, Bornhäuser M. Endogenous bone morphogenetic proteins in human bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2009; 88:257-71. [PMID: 19303661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are capable of self renewal or differentiation into several different lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. However, upon prolonged in vitro culture, MSCs tend to undergo spontaneous osteogenic differentiation. Here, we address the possible role of endogenous osteogenic bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in in situ osteoblastic differentiation of human MSCs. Human MSCs consistently express biologically active BMP-2, BMP-4 and BMP-6 in addition to all BMP-activated receptors, which are functional as shown by the induction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and up-regulation of osteogenic genes (ALP, BSP1, collagen I and Runx2) following BMP-2 exposure. Since glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been implicated in the modulation of the osteogenic bioactivity of BMPs, we reduced sulphated cell surface GAGs by NaClO(3) treatment and found significantly reduced osteogenic gene expression and ALP activity, suggesting that this was partly due to the reduced biological activity of endogenous BMPs. Antagonising osteogenic BMP activity led to a significant reduction in the ALP activity and down-regulation of the transcription factor Runx2 associated with osteogenic development. Blocking BMP receptor type I kinase function with dorsomorphin demonstrated that endogenous osteogenesis was independent of Smad activation but was dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K). Inclusion of the PI-3K kinase inhibitor Ly294002 significantly reduced osteogenic gene expression and ALP activity. Spontaneous mineralisation was also abrogated following PI-3K inhibition. Thus, endogenous BMPs could contribute to spontaneous osteogenesis through Smad-independent PI-3K-dependent signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Max Bergmann Centre for Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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