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D’Acunto E, Muzi A, Marchese S, Donnici L, Chiarini V, Bucci F, Pavoni E, Ferrara FF, Cappelletti M, Arriga R, Serrao SM, Peluzzi V, Principato E, Compagnone M, Pinto E, Luberto L, Stoppoloni D, Lahm A, Groß R, Seidel A, Wettstein L, Münch J, Goodhead A, Parisot J, De Francesco R, Ciliberto G, Marra E, Aurisicchio L, Roscilli G. Isolation and Characterization of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies from a Large Panel of Murine Antibodies against RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:5. [PMID: 38247569 PMCID: PMC10801580 DOI: 10.3390/antib13010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, once a global crisis, is now largely under control, a testament to the extraordinary global efforts involving vaccination and public health measures. However, the relentless evolution of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the emergence of new variants, continues to underscore the importance of remaining vigilant and adaptable. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have stood out as a powerful and immediate therapeutic response to COVID-19. Despite the success of mAbs, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose challenges and the available antibodies are no longer effective. New variants require the ongoing development of effective antibodies. In the present study, we describe the generation and characterization of neutralizing mAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by combining plasmid DNA and recombinant protein vaccination. By integrating genetic immunization for rapid antibody production and the potent immune stimulation enabled by protein vaccination, we produced a rich pool of antibodies, each with unique binding and neutralizing specificities, tested with the ELISA, BLI and FACS assays and the pseudovirus assay, respectively. Here, we present a panel of mAbs effective against the SARS-CoV-2 variants up to Omicron BA.1 and BA.5, with the flexibility to target emerging variants. This approach ensures the preparedness principle is in place to address SARS-CoV-2 actual and future infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela D’Acunto
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Alessia Muzi
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Silvia Marchese
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi”, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.D.); (R.D.F.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Donnici
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi”, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.D.); (R.D.F.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federica Bucci
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Emiliano Pavoni
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Fabiana Fosca Ferrara
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Manuela Cappelletti
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Roberto Arriga
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Silvia Maria Serrao
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Valentina Peluzzi
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Principato
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Pinto
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Laura Luberto
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Daniela Stoppoloni
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Armin Lahm
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Rüdiger Groß
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.G.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Alina Seidel
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.G.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Lukas Wettstein
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.G.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.G.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Andrew Goodhead
- Carterra, 825 N. 300 W., Suite C309, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA; (A.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Judicael Parisot
- Carterra, 825 N. 300 W., Suite C309, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA; (A.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi”, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (L.D.); (R.D.F.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Marra
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Luigi Aurisicchio
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Roscilli
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (F.F.F.); (M.C.); (R.A.); (S.M.S.); (V.P.); (E.P.); (E.P.); (L.L.); (D.S.); (A.L.); (E.M.); (L.A.)
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Conforti A, Marra E, Palombo F, Roscilli G, Ravà M, Fumagalli V, Muzi A, Maffei M, Luberto L, Lione L, Salvatori E, Compagnone M, Pinto E, Pavoni E, Bucci F, Vitagliano G, Stoppoloni D, Pacello ML, Cappelletti M, Ferrara FF, D'Acunto E, Chiarini V, Arriga R, Nyska A, Di Lucia P, Marotta D, Bono E, Giustini L, Sala E, Perucchini C, Paterson J, Ryan KA, Challis AR, Matusali G, Colavita F, Caselli G, Criscuolo E, Clementi N, Mancini N, Groß R, Seidel A, Wettstein L, Münch J, Donnici L, Conti M, De Francesco R, Kuka M, Ciliberto G, Castilletti C, Capobianchi MR, Ippolito G, Guidotti LG, Rovati L, Iannacone M, Aurisicchio L. COVID-eVax, an electroporated DNA vaccine candidate encoding the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, elicits protective responses in animal models. Mol Ther 2022; 30:311-326. [PMID: 34547465 PMCID: PMC8483992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has made the development of safe and effective vaccines a critical priority. To date, four vaccines have been approved by European and American authorities for preventing COVID-19, but the development of additional vaccine platforms with improved supply and logistics profiles remains a pressing need. Here we report the preclinical evaluation of a novel COVID-19 vaccine candidate based on the electroporation of engineered, synthetic cDNA encoding a viral antigen in the skeletal muscle. We constructed a set of prototype DNA vaccines expressing various forms of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and assessed their immunogenicity in animal models. Among them, COVID-eVax-a DNA plasmid encoding a secreted monomeric form of SARS-CoV-2 S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD)-induced the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses (including against the current most common variants of concern) and a robust T cell response. Upon challenge with SARS-CoV-2, immunized K18-hACE2 transgenic mice showed reduced weight loss, improved pulmonary function, and lower viral replication in the lungs and brain. COVID-eVax conferred significant protection to ferrets upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In summary, this study identifies COVID-eVax as an ideal COVID-19 vaccine candidate suitable for clinical development. Accordingly, a combined phase I-II trial has recently started.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Conforti
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy; Evvivax Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Palombo
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy; Neomatrix Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Micol Ravà
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Fumagalli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Muzi
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Maffei
- Evvivax Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Luberto
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Lione
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abraham Nyska
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Haharuv 18, PO Box 184, Timrat 36576, Israel
| | - Pietro Di Lucia
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Marotta
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Bono
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Giustini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sala
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Perucchini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jemma Paterson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England (PHE), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Kathryn Ann Ryan
- National Infection Service, Public Health England (PHE), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Amy-Rose Challis
- National Infection Service, Public Health England (PHE), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Giulia Matusali
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Clementi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rüdiger Groß
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alina Seidel
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas Wettstein
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Meyerhofstr. 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lorena Donnici
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi," Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Conti
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi," Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- INGM-Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Erica Invernizzi," Milan, Italy; National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mirela Kuka
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca G Guidotti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Rovati
- Rottapharm Biotech s.r.l., Via Valosa di Sopra 9, 20900 Monza, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi Aurisicchio
- Takis Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy; Evvivax Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy; Neomatrix Biotech, Via Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy.
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Vriz OV, Ferrara FF, Galzerano DG, Adams MA, Shisamma ES, Naeije RN, Bossone EB. P1541The relation between right ventricular-pulmonary circulation coupling and aging in healthy population. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to evaluate the right ventricular (RV) structure and functional adaptation to age, in particular the RV pulmonary circulation (PC) coupling and physiologic correlates.
Methods
1177 healthy subjects aged 16–100 years were enrolled. They underwent general medical evaluation and a comprehensive TTE included RV systolic such as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) derived from the tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the derived RV-pulmonary circulation (PC) coupling or TAPSE/PASP, pulmonary vascular resistances (PVR) derived from TR/RV outflow tract velocity (RVOT VTI) and diastolic function parameters. The cohort was divided in 4 groups of age: group 1: 300 subjects from 18 to 35 years; group 2: 383 subjects from 36 to 50; group 3: 451 from 50 to 79 years and group 4: 43 subjects > than 80 years of age The oldest subjects were completely independent in daily living activities. The groups were compared by ANOVA and the difference was adjusted by gender, BMI and mean arterial pressure. For each group the difference between genders was tested by T-Test. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between RV function and structure indexes and covariates selected according to pathologic relevance.
Results
There was a progressive increase in blood pressure (BP) according to age. The RV longitudinal diameter, right E/A ratio, right ventricular outflow tract acceleration time and TAPSE/PASP decreased according to age increase (p<0.0001). The right atrial volume indexed by BSA, PASP, PVR increase with age (p<0.0001). Either TAPSE or Sm were unaffected by age. Women had constantly smaller RV longitudinal diameters, right atrium volume index, TAPSE and TAPSE/PASP (p<0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, though the proportion of variance of the dependent variables predicted by the independent ones was very small, age, BSA, gender, E/Em and the longitudinal diameter of the RV were independent predictors of TAPSE/PASP. Heart rate, left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, stroke volume (SV) and TR were independently related to Sm, while age, BSA, LV diastolic function and SV were independently related to TAPSE.
Conclusion
With ageing there is a progressive involvement not only of the LV in terms of adaptation to increase afterload related to arterial stiffness but also of the RV. With age PVR and PASP increase while RV contractility is still unchanged. While the RV adapts very well to volume overload, even the physiologic increase in PASP with age, causes a RV-PC coupling impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Vriz
- King Faisal Hospital & Research Center, Cardiology-Echocardiography, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F F Ferrara
- Cava deTirreni-Amalfi Coast Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - D G Galzerano
- King Faisal Hospital & Research Center, Cardiology-Echocardiography, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Adams
- King Faisal Hospital & Research Center, Cardiology-Echocardiography, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E S Shisamma
- King Faisal Hospital & Research Center, Cardiology-Echocardiography, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R N Naeije
- Free University of Brussels (VUB), Physiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E B Bossone
- A. Cardarelli, Cardiologia Riabilitativa, Naples, Italy
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Messore A, Madia VN, Pescatori L, Saccoliti F, Tudino V, De Leo A, Bortolami M, De Vita D, Scipione L, Pepi F, Costi R, Rivara S, Scalvini L, Mor M, Ferrara FF, Pavoni E, Roscilli G, Cassinelli G, Milazzo FM, Battistuzzi G, Di Santo R, Giannini G. Novel Symmetrical Benzazolyl Derivatives Endowed with Potent Anti-Heparanase Activity. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10834-10859. [PMID: 30412404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase is the only mammalian endo-β-d-glucuronidase involved in a variety of major diseases. The up-regulation of heparanase expression increases tumor size, angiogenesis, and metastasis, representing a validated target in the anti-cancer field. To date, only a few small-molecule inhibitors have been described, but none have gotten through pre-clinical development. Previously, we explored 2-(4-(4-(bromo-methoxybenzamido)benzylamino)phenyl) benzazole derivatives as anti-heparanase agents, proposing this scaffold for development of broadly effective heparanase inhibitors. Herein, we report an extended investigation of new symmetrical 2-aminophenyl-benzazolyl-5-acetate derivatives, proving that symmetrical compounds are more effective than asymmetrical analogues, with the most-potent compound, 7g, being active at nanomolar concentration against heparanase. Molecular docking studies were performed on the best-acting compounds 5c and 7g to rationalize their interaction with the enzyme. Moreover, invasion assay confirmed the anti-metastatic potential of compounds 5c, 7a, and 7g, proving the inhibition of the expression of proangiogenic factors in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Messore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Valentina Noemi Madia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Luca Pescatori
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Francesco Saccoliti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Valeria Tudino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Alessandro De Leo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Daniela De Vita
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Luigi Scipione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Federico Pepi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Silvia Rivara
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I- 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Laura Scalvini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I- 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I- 43124 Parma , Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Applicata e Sviluppo Tecnologico, Unità di Farmacologia Molecolare , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , via Amadeo 42 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Di Santo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti , "Sapienza" Università di Roma , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- R&D Alfasigma S.p.A. , Via Pontina Km 30,400 , Pomezia, I-00071 Roma , Italy
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5
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Madia VN, Messore A, Pescatori L, Saccoliti F, Tudino V, De Leo A, Bortolami M, Scipione L, Costi R, Rivara S, Scalvini L, Mor M, Ferrara FF, Pavoni E, Roscilli G, Cassinelli G, Milazzo FM, Battistuzzi G, Di Santo R, Giannini G. Novel Benzazole Derivatives Endowed with Potent Antiheparanase Activity. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6918-6936. [PMID: 30010344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase is the sole mammalian enzyme capable of cleaving glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate side chains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Its altered activity is intimately associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Thus, its implication in cancer progression makes it an attractive target in anticancer therapy. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new benzazoles as heparanase inhibitors. Most of the designed derivatives were active at micromolar or submicromolar concentration, and the most promising compounds are fluorinated and/or amino acids derivatives 13a, 14d, and 15 that showed IC50 0.16-0.82 μM. Molecular docking studies were performed to rationalize their interaction with the enzyme catalytic site. Importantly, invasion assay confirmed the antimetastatic potential of compounds 14d and 15. Consistently with its ability to inhibit heparanase, compound 15 proved to decrease expression of genes encoding for proangiogenic factors such as MMP-9, VEGF, and FGFs in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Noemi Madia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Antonella Messore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Luca Pescatori
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Francesco Saccoliti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Valeria Tudino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Alessandro De Leo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Luigi Scipione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Silvia Rivara
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I-43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Laura Scalvini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I-43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A , I-43124 Parma , Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Applicata e Sviluppo Tecnologico, Unità di Farmacologia Molecolare , Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , via Amadeo 42 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Di Santo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, "Sapienza" Università di Roma , p.le Aldo Moro 5 , I-00185 Roma , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- R&D Alfasigma S.p.A. , Via Pontina Km 30,400, Pomezia , I-00071 Roma , Italy
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Frixa T, Sacconi A, Cioce M, Roscilli G, Ferrara FF, Aurisicchio L, Pulito C, Telera S, Carosi M, Muti P, Strano S, Donzelli S, Blandino G. MicroRNA-128-3p-mediated depletion of Drosha promotes lung cancer cell migration. Carcinogenesis 2017; 39:293-304. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Frixa
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cioce
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Pulito
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Telera
- Department of Neurosurgery, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Department of Pathology, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute ‘Regina Elena’, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON Ontario, Canada
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7
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Roscilli G, De Vitis C, Ferrara FF, Noto A, Cherubini E, Ricci A, Mariotta S, Giarnieri E, Giovagnoli MR, Torrisi MR, Bergantino F, Costantini S, Fenizia F, Lambiase M, Aurisicchio L, Normanno N, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. Human lung adenocarcinoma cell cultures derived from malignant pleural effusions as model system to predict patients chemosensitivity. J Transl Med 2016; 14:61. [PMID: 26928703 PMCID: PMC4772534 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths and Malignant Pleural Effusion (MPE) is a frequent complication. Current therapies suffer from lack of efficacy in a great percentage of cases, especially when cancer is diagnosed at a late stage. Moreover patients’ responses vary and the outcome is unpredictable. Therefore, the identification of patients who will benefit most of chemotherapy treatment is important for accurate prognostication and better outcome. In this study, using malignant pleural effusions (MPE) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, we established a collection of patient-derived Adenocarcinoma cultures which were characterized for their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs used in the clinical practice. Methods Tumor cells present in MPEs of patients with NSCLC were isolated by density gradient centrifugation, placed in culture and genotyped by next generation sequencing. In a subset of cases patient derived xenografts (PDX) were obtained upon tumor cell inoculation in rag2/IL2 knock-out mice. Isolated primary cultures were characterized and tested for drug sensitivity by in vitro proliferation assays. Additivity, antagonism or synergy for combinatorial treatments were determined by analysis with the Calcusyn software. Results We have optimized isolation procedures and culture conditions to expand in vitro primary cultures from Malignant Pleural Effusions (MPEs) of patients affected by lung adenocarcinomas, the most frequent form of non small cell lung cancer. Using this approach we have been able to establish 16 primary cultures from MPEs. Cells were banked at low passages and were characterized for their mutational pattern by next generation sequencing for most common driver mutations in lung cancer. Moreover, amplified cultures were shown to engraft with high efficiency when injected in immunocompromised mice. Cancer cell sensitivity to drugs used in standard chemotherapy regimens was assessed either individually or in combination. Differential chemosensitivity and different mutation profiles were observed which suggests that this isolation method could provide a platform for predicting the efficacy of chemotherapy in the clinical setting. Most importantly for six patients it was possible to establish a correlation between drug response in vitro and response to therapy in the clinic. Conclusions Results obtained using primary cultured cells from MPEs underscore the heterogeneity of NSCLC in advanced stage as indicated by drug response and mutation profile. Comparison of data obtained from in vitro assays with patients’ responses to therapy leads to the conclusion that this strategy may provide a potentially useful approach for evaluating individual chemosensitivity profile and tailor the therapy accordingly. Furthermore, combining MPE-derived primary cultures with their genomic testing allows to identify patients eligible to trials with novel targeted agents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0816-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Roscilli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Takis srl, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Laboratory of Research and Diagnostics, Department of Surgery "P.Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Alessia Noto
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Laboratory of Research and Diagnostics, Department of Surgery "P.Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Cherubini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Mariotta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Giarnieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Giovagnoli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Susan Costantini
- IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fenizia
- IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Matilde Lambiase
- IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Nicola Normanno
- IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Laboratory of Research and Diagnostics, Department of Surgery "P.Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Vesci L, Carollo V, Roscilli G, Aurisicchio L, Ferrara FF, Spagnoli L, De Santis R. [Corrigendum] Trastuzumab and docetaxel in a preclinical organotypic breast cancer model using tissue slices from mammary fat pad: Translational relevance. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:602. [PMID: 26499228 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncol Rep 34: [Related article:] 1146–1152, 2015; DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4074
After the publication of the article, the authors decided to add an Acknowledgements section:
Acknowledgments
Research activity leading to the results shown in the paper is the continuation of the IMI Predect program that received support from the Innovative Medicines initiative Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115188, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) and EFPIA companies in kind contribution. Present results and conclusions are not endorsed by the Predect Consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Vesci
- Biotechnology, Research and Development, Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., I-00040 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Valeria Carollo
- Tissue Macro Array Lab, University of Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Spagnoli
- Tissue Macro Array Lab, University of Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita De Santis
- Biotechnology, Research and Development, Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., I-00040 Pomezia, Italy
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9
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Vesci L, Carollo V, Roscilli G, Aurisicchio L, Ferrara FF, Spagnoli L, De Santis R. Trastuzumab and docetaxel in a preclinical organotypic breast cancer model using tissue slices from mammary fat pad: Translational relevance. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1146-52. [PMID: 26133490 PMCID: PMC4530903 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ever-increasing number of drugs approved to treat cancers, selection of the optimal treatment regimen for an individual patient is challenging. Breast cancer complexity requires novel predictive methods and tools. In the present study, we set up experimental conditions to obtain an 'ex vivo' organotypic culture from xenotransplanted mice aiming at recapitulating the human clinical condition. The effect of trastuzumab (large biological molecule) and docetaxel (small chemical entity) was subsequently investigated on this organotypic model and compared with in vivo and in vitro activity on tumor cells. Tissue slices of 200 µm were obtained from mammary fat pad of SCID mice xenotransplanted with human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Viability and proliferation were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry,and apoptosis by cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. In vivo antitumor activity of trastuzumab and docetaxel was determined by caliper measurement of tumor volume and Ki-67 expression on explanted masses by immunohistochemistry. A Teflon support and normoxia were necessary experimental conditions to obtain high viability of excised breast cancer infiltrated mammary fat pad slices upon 48 h cultivation, as shown by MTT proliferation assay, and Ki-67 expression. Breast cancer tissue slices treated for 48 h with trastuzumab or docetaxel showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of viability by MTT assay. Consistently, both drugs down-modulated Ki-67 and increased cleaved caspase-3. Tumor masses collected from docetaxel-or trastuzumab-treated mice showed a similar reduction of proliferation markers. By contrast, MCF-7 cell cultures were significantly inhibited by docetaxel but not by trastuzumab. Tumor tissue slices represent a more predictive experimental cancer model compared to cell cultures for both small and large molecule antitumor efficacy. This observation supports the relevance of microenvironment in the overall tumor biology and response to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Vesci
- Biotechnology, Research and Development, Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., I-00040 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Valeria Carollo
- Tissue Macro Array Lab, University of Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Spagnoli
- Tissue Macro Array Lab, University of Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita De Santis
- Biotechnology, Research and Development, Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., I-00040 Pomezia, Italy
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10
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Pisano C, De Cesare M, Beretta GL, Zuco V, Pratesi G, Penco S, Vesci L, Foderà R, Ferrara FF, Guglielmi MB, Carminati P, Dallavalle S, Morini G, Merlini L, Orlandi A, Zunino F. Preclinical profile of antitumor activity of a novel hydrophilic camptothecin, ST1968. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:2051-9. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-08-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Pisano C, Vesci L, Foderà R, Ferrara FF, Rossi C, De Cesare M, Zuco V, Pratesi G, Supino R, Zunino F. Antitumor activity of the combination of synthetic retinoid ST1926 and cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma models. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1500-5. [PMID: 17698835 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel adamantyl retinoid ST1926 is a potent inducer of apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells. Since the pro-apoptotic effect is associated with activation of p53, in this study we have investigated the efficacy of combination of ST1926 with cisplatin, a DNA-damaging agent that is known to induce p53-dependent apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The efficacy of ST1926 and its combination with cisplatin was evaluated in human ovarian carcinoma models, including resistant tumors. RESULTS Oral treatment with ST1926 alone caused a marginal tumor growth inhibition (<50%), but the combination with cisplatin resulted in an improved efficacy, most evident in terms of tumor growth delay without a substantial increase of toxicity. The combination therapy achieved the best effects against the HOC18 ovarian carcinoma tumor, resulting in an appreciable number of animals without evidence of disease at the end of the experiment. In contrast to the marginal effect of ST1926 alone against the subcutaneous-growing tumors, loco-regional (intraperitoneal) treatment achieved a marked increase of survival of animals with ascitic IGROV-1 tumor. CONCLUSIONS The present results document the efficacy of the combination of cisplatin with ST1926 and provide a rational basis for the design of novel, well-tolerated platinum-based treatment approaches in human ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pisano
- Research and Development, Sigma-Tau, Pomezia (Rome), Italy
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12
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Cincinelli R, Dallavalle S, Nannei R, Merlini L, Penco S, Giannini G, Pisano C, Vesci L, Ferrara FF, Zuco V, Zanchi C, Zunino F. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new antiproliferative and proapoptotic retinoid-related biphenyl-4-yl-acrylic acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4863-75. [PMID: 17512204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Atypical retinoids, or retinoid-related molecules (RRMs), represent a class of proapoptotic agents with a promising potential in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. In the present work, the synthesis and structure-activity relationship of a series of 3'-adamantan-1-yl-biphenyl-4-yl-acrylic acids substituted in ring A were studied. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity in a human promyelocitic leukemia cell line (NB4), and in an ovarian carcinoma cell system including IGROV-1, carrying a functional wild-type p53, and a cisplatin-resistant subline, IGROV-1/Pt-1. The presence of at least one oxygenated substituent in positions 4' or 5' appears determinant for the antiproliferative activity. With two substituents of this kind the activity increases, particularly in the case of alkylenedioxy compounds. The activation of DNA damage response as indicated by phosphorylation of H2AX histone, RPA-2 protein, and p53 at serine 15 by the most apoptotic compounds provides additional support to the hypothesis that the genotoxic stress is a critical event mediating apoptosis induction by compounds of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Cincinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
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13
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Garattini E, Parrella E, Diomede L, Gianni' M, Kalac Y, Merlini L, Simoni D, Zanier R, Ferrara FF, Chiarucci I, Carminati P, Terao M, Pisano C. ST1926, a novel and orally active retinoid-related molecule inducing apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells: modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Blood 2004; 103:194-207. [PMID: 12958071 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoid-related molecules (RRMs) are derivatives of retinoic acid and promising antileukemic agents with a mechanism of action different from that of other common chemotherapeutics. Here, we describe a novel chemical series designed against the RRM prototype, CD437. This includes molecules with apoptotic effects in acute promyelocytic leukemia and other myelogenous leukemia cell lines, as well as ST2065, an RRM with antagonistic properties. The most interesting apoptotic agent is ST1926, a compound more powerful than CD437 in vitro and orally active in vivo on severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice that received transplants of NB4 cells. ST1926 has the same mechanism of action of CD437, as indicated by the ability to trans-activate retinoic acid receptor gamma, to induce the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and to down-regulate the expression of many genes negatively modulated by CD437. ST1926 causes an immediate increase in the cytosolic levels of calcium that are directly related to the apoptotic potential of the RRMs considered. The intracellular calcium elevation is predominantly the result of an inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uptake. The phenomenon is blocked by the ST2065 antagonist, the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA (1,2 bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N, N, N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester), and by high concentrations of calcium blockers of the dihydropyridine type, compounds that suppress ST1926-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Garattini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centro Catullo e Daniela Borgomainerio, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Milano, Italy.
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14
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Pisano C, Kollar P, Gianní M, Kalac Y, Giordano V, Ferrara FF, Tancredi R, Devoto A, Rinaldi A, Rambaldi A, Penco S, Marzi M, Moretti G, Vesci L, Tinti O, Carminati P, Terao M, Garattini E. Bis-indols: a novel class of molecules enhancing the cytodifferentiating properties of retinoids in myeloid leukemia cells. Blood 2002; 100:3719-30. [PMID: 12393712 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-03-0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the pharmacologic activity of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is potentially useful in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and other types of myeloid leukemia. In this report, we identify a novel class of experimental agents selectively potentiating the cytodifferentiating activity of ATRA and synthetic retinoic acid receptor alpha agonists in APL and other myeloid leukemia cell lines. These agents have a bis-indolic structure (BISINDS), and ST1346 is the prototypical compound of the series. Gene-profiling experiments and determination of the level of expression of myeloid-associated markers indicate that ST1346 stimulates many aspects of the granulocytic maturation process set in motion by ATRA. Stimulation of the cytodifferentiating activity of ATRA by ST1346 enhances the efficacy of the retinoid in vivo, as demonstrated in the APL model of the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse receiving transplants of NB4 cells. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the ATRA-potentiating action of ST1346 and congeners have not been completely clarified, bis-indols are not ligands and do not exert any direct effect on the ATRA-dependent transactivation of nuclear receptors. However, ST1346 inhibits the down-regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent CREB transcriptional complexes and enhances the level of expression of signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 (STAT1), 2 putative molecular determinants of the differentiation process activated by ATRA in APL cells. More importantly, ST1346 relieves the down-regulation of Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) afforded by ATRA. In addition, a specific JNK inhibitor blocks the enhancing effect of ST1346 on ATRA-induced maturation of NB4 cells. This demonstrates an important role for the mitogen-activated protein kinase in the molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacologic activity of the bis-indol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pisano
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centro Catullo e Daniela Borgomainerio, Milano, Italy
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15
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Ferrara FF, Fazi F, Bianchini A, Padula F, Gelmetti V, Minucci S, Mancini M, Pelicci PG, Lo Coco F, Nervi C. Histone deacetylase-targeted treatment restores retinoic acid signaling and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res 2001; 61:2-7. [PMID: 11196162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent transcriptional repression of the retinoic acid (RA)-signaling pathway underlies the differentiation block of acute promyelocytic leukemia. RA treatment relieves transcriptional repression and triggers differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia blasts, leading to disease remission. We report that transcriptional repression of RA signaling is a common mechanism in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). HDAC inhibitors restored RA-dependent transcriptional activation and triggered terminal differentiation of primary blasts from 23 AML patients. Accordingly, we show that AML1/ETO, the commonest AML-associated fusion protein, is an HDAC-dependent repressor of RA signaling. These findings relate alteration of the RA pathway to myeloid leukemogenesis and underscore the potential of transcriptional/differentiation therapy in AML.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
- Histone Deacetylases/physiology
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/biosynthesis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
- Transcriptional Activation/physiology
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Tretinoin/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Ferrara
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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Grignani F, Gelmetti V, Fanelli M, Rogaia D, De Matteis S, Ferrara FF, Bonci D, Grignani F, Nervi C, Pelicci PG. Formation of PML/RAR alpha high molecular weight nuclear complexes through the PML coiled-coil region is essential for the PML/RAR alpha-mediated retinoic acid response. Oncogene 1999; 18:6313-21. [PMID: 10597230 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic Acid (RA) treatment induces disease remission of Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia (APL) patients by triggering terminal differentiation of neoplastic cells. RA-sensitivity in APL is mediated by its oncogenic protein, which results from the recombination of the PML and the RA receptor alpha (RAR alpha) genes (PML/RAR alpha fusion protein). Ectopic expression of PML/RAR alpha into haemopoietic cell lines results in increased response to RA-induced differentiation. By structure-function analysis of PML/RAR alpha-mediated RA-differentiation, we demonstrated that fusion of PML and RAR alpha sequences and integrity of the PML dimerization domain and of the RAR alpha DNA binding region are required for the effect of PML/RAR alpha on RA-differentiation. Indeed, direct fusion of the PML dimerization domain to the N- or C-terminal extremities of RAR alpha retained full biological activity. All the biologically active PML/RAR alpha mutants formed high molecular weight complexes in vivo. Functional analysis of mutations within the PML dimerization domain revealed that the capacity to form PML/RAR alpha homodimers, but not PML/RAR alpha-PML heterodimers, correlated with the RA-response. These results suggest that targeting of RAR alpha sequences by the PML dimerization domain and formation of nuclear PML/RAR alpha homodimeric complexes are crucial for the ability of PML/RAR alpha to mediate RA-response.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Binding Sites
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Dimerization
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- HeLa Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Molecular Weight
- Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/chemistry
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- U937 Cells/drug effects
- U937 Cells/metabolism
- Zinc Fingers
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grignani
- Istituto di Medicina Interna e Scienze Oncologiche, Policlinico Monteluce, Perugia, Italy
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17
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Nervi C, Ferrara FF, Fanelli M, Rippo MR, Tomassini B, Ferrucci PF, Ruthardt M, Gelmetti V, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Diverio D, Grignani F, Pelicci PG, Testi R. Caspases mediate retinoic acid-induced degradation of the acute promyelocytic leukemia PML/RARalpha fusion protein. Blood 1998; 92:2244-51. [PMID: 9746761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) treatment induces morphological remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients carrying the t(15;17) and expressing the PML/RARalpha product by inducing terminal differentiation of the leukemic clone. RA treatment induces downregulation of PML/RARalpha and reorganization of the PML-nuclear bodies. These events have been proposed to be essential for the induction of APL cell differentiation by RA. Here, we show that in the APL-derived NB4 cell line as well as in myeloid precursor U937 cells expressing the PML/RARalpha (U937/PR9) and in blasts from APL patients, the PML/RARalpha fusion protein is cleaved by a caspase 3-like activity induced by RA treatment. In fact, a caspase 3-like activity is detectable in PML/RARalpha expressing cells after RA treatment, and selective caspase inhibitor peptides are able to prevent the RA-induced degradation of the fusion protein in vivo and in vitro. Using recombinant caspases and PML/RARalpha deletion mutants we mapped a caspase 3 cleavage site (Asp 522) within the alpha-helix region of the PML component of the fusion protein. The extent of PML/RARalpha cleavage directly correlates with the ability of RA to restore the normal PML nuclear bodies (NBs) pattern. However, RA-induced differentiation is not prevented by the persistence of the fusion product and occurs in the absence of normally structured PML NBs. These results indicate that PML/RARalpha is directly involved in conferring RA sensitivity of APL cells and that the RA-induced reassembly of PML NBs is the consequence of the disappearance of PML/RARalpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nervi
- Dipartimento di Istologia ed Embriologia Medica and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari e Ematologia, University of Rome "La Sapienza," Rome.
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18
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Grignani F, De Matteis S, Nervi C, Tomassoni L, Gelmetti V, Cioce M, Fanelli M, Ruthardt M, Ferrara FF, Zamir I, Seiser C, Grignani F, Lazar MA, Minucci S, Pelicci PG. Fusion proteins of the retinoic acid receptor-alpha recruit histone deacetylase in promyelocytic leukaemia. Nature 1998; 391:815-8. [PMID: 9486655 DOI: 10.1038/35901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 848] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transforming proteins of acute promyelocytic leukaemias (APL) are fusions of the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) and the promyelocytic leukaemia zinc-finger (PLZF) proteins with retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha). These proteins retain the RARalpha DNA- and retinoic acid (RA)-binding domains, and their ability to block haematopoietic differentiation depends on the RARalpha DNA-binding domain. Thus RA-target genes are downstream effectors. However, treatment with RA induces differentiation of leukaemic blast cells and disease remission in PML-RARalpha APLs, whereas PLZF-RARa APLs are resistant to RA. Transcriptional regulation by RARs involves modifications of chromatin by histone deacetylases, which are recruited to RA-target genes by nuclear co-repressors. Here we show that both PML-RARalpha and PLZF-RARalpha fusion proteins recruit the nuclear co-repressor (N-CoR)-histone deacetylase complex through the RARalpha CoR box. PLZF-RARalpha contains a second, RA-resistant binding site in the PLZF amino-terminal region. High doses of RA release histone deacetylase activity from PML-RARalpha, but not from PLZF-RARalpha. Mutation of the N-CoR binding site abolishes the ability of PML-RARalpha to block differentiation, whereas inhibition of histone deacetylase activity switches the transcriptional and biological effects of PLZF-RARalpha from being an inhibitor to an activator of the RA signalling pathway. Therefore, recruitment of histone deacetylase is crucial to the transforming potential of APL fusion proteins, and the different effects of RA on the stability of the PML-RARalpha and PLZF-RARalpha co-repressor complexes determines the differential response of APLs to RA.
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MESH Headings
- Binding Sites
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Histone Deacetylases/physiology
- Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Mutagenesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/physiology
- Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology
- Protein Binding
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/physiology
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/physiology
- Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grignani
- Istituto di Medicina Interna e Scienze Oncologiche, Perugia University, Italy
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19
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Shao W, Fanelli M, Ferrara FF, Riccioni R, Rosenauer A, Davison K, Lamph WW, Waxman S, Pelicci PG, Lo Coco F, Avvisati G, Testa U, Peschle C, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Nervi C, Miller WH. Arsenic trioxide as an inducer of apoptosis and loss of PML/RAR alpha protein in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90:124-33. [PMID: 9450572 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/90.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoids, which are derivatives of vitamin A, induce differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells in vitro and in patients. However, APL cells develop resistance to retinoic acid treatment. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) can induce clinical remission in patients with APL, including those who have relapsed after retinoic acid treatment, by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) of the leukemia cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which As2O3 induces apoptosis in retinoic acid-sensitive NB4 APL cells, in retinoic acid-resistant derivatives of these cells, and in fresh leukemia cells from patients. METHODS Apoptosis was assessed by means of DNA fragmentation analyses, TUNEL assays (i.e., deoxyuridine triphosphate labeling of DNA nicks with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase), and flow cytometry. Expression of the PML/RAR alpha fusion protein in leukemia cells was assessed by means of western blotting, ligand binding, and immunohistochemistry. Northern blotting and ribonuclease protection assays were used to evaluate changes in gene expression in response to retinoic acid and As2O3 treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS As2O3 induces apoptosis without differentiation in retinoic acid-sensitive and retinoic acid-resistant APL cells at concentrations that are achievable in patients. As2O3 induces loss of the PML/RAR alpha fusion protein in NB4 cells, in retinoic-acid resistant cells derived from them, in fresh APL cells from patients, and in non-APL cells transfected to express this protein. As2O3 and retinoic acid induce different patterns of gene regulation, and they inhibit the phenotypes induced by each other. Understanding the molecular basis of these differences in the effects of As2O3 and retinoic acid may guide the clinical use of arsenic compounds and provide insights into the management of leukemias that do not respond to retinoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shao
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Department of Oncology, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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