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Zani F, Blagih J, Gruber T, Buck MD, Jones N, Hennequart M, Newell CL, Pilley SE, Soro-Barrio P, Kelly G, Legrave NM, Cheung EC, Gilmore IS, Gould AP, Garcia-Caceres C, Vousden KH. The dietary sweetener sucralose is a negative modulator of T cell-mediated responses. Nature 2023; 615:705-711. [PMID: 36922598 PMCID: PMC10033444 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Artificial sweeteners are used as calorie-free sugar substitutes in many food products and their consumption has increased substantially over the past years1. Although generally regarded as safe, some concerns have been raised about the long-term safety of the consumption of certain sweeteners2-5. In this study, we show that the intake of high doses of sucralose in mice results in immunomodulatory effects by limiting T cell proliferation and T cell differentiation. Mechanistically, sucralose affects the membrane order of T cells, accompanied by a reduced efficiency of T cell receptor signalling and intracellular calcium mobilization. Mice given sucralose show decreased CD8+ T cell antigen-specific responses in subcutaneous cancer models and bacterial infection models, and reduced T cell function in models of T cell-mediated autoimmunity. Overall, these findings suggest that a high intake of sucralose can dampen T cell-mediated responses, an effect that could be used in therapy to mitigate T cell-dependent autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Zani
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Julianna Blagih
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- University of Montreal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Tim Gruber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael D Buck
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Jones
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Marc Hennequart
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Clare L Newell
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Steven E Pilley
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pablo Soro-Barrio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nathalie M Legrave
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Eric C Cheung
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Alex P Gould
- Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Cristina Garcia-Caceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Karen H Vousden
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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Becattini B, Breasson L, Sardi C, Zani F, Solinas G. PI3Kγ promotes obesity-associated hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating metabolism and inflammation. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100359. [PMID: 34704005 PMCID: PMC8521290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Phosphatidylinositides-3 kinases (PI3Ks) are promising drug targets for cancer therapy, but blockage of PI3K-AKT signalling causes hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, and liver damage in patients, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mice. There are 4 PI3Ks: PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kγ. The role of PI3Kγ in HCC is unknown. Methods We performed histopathological, metabolic, and molecular phenotyping of mice with genetic ablation of PI3Kγ using models where HCC was initiated by the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and promoted by dietary or genetic obesity (ob/ob). The role of PI3Kγ in leucocytes was investigated in mice lacking PI3Kγ in haematopoietic and endothelial cells. Results Loss of PI3Kγ had no effects on the development of DEN-induced HCC in lean mice. However, in mice injected with DEN and placed on an obesogenic diet, PI3Kγ ablation reduced tumour growth, which was associated with reduced insulinaemia, steatosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokines. ob/ob mice lacking PI3Kγ, and mice with diet-induced obesity lacking PI3Kγ in leucocytes and endothelial cells did not display improved insulin sensitivity, steatosis, metabolic inflammation, or reduced tumour growth. However, these mice showed a reduced number of tumours, reduced liver infiltration by neutrophils, and reduced hepatocyte proliferation acutely induced by DEN. Conclusions Loss of PI3Kγ reduces tumour development in obesity-promoted HCC through multiple cell types and mechanisms that include improved insulinaemia, steatosis, and metabolic inflammation as well as the regulation of acute neutrophil infiltration and compensatory hepatocyte proliferation. PI3Kγ-selective inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic approach to reduce HCC initiation and slow HCC progression. Lay summary Class-1 phosphatidylinositides-3 kinases (PI3Ks) are critical targets in cancer therapy, but complete inhibition of all isoforms causes liver damage, hyperglycaemia, and insulinaemia. Here we show that selective ablation of the PI3Kγ isoform dampens tumour initiation and growth in a mouse model of carcinogen-initiated and obesity-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The effect of PI3Kγ ablation on reduced tumour growth was explained by reduced tumour cell proliferation, which was associated with reduced insulin levels, liver lipids, and reduced expression of tumour-promoting cytokines. PI3Kγ ablation in leucocytes of obese mice had no effects on tumour size. However, it reduced tumour number in association with reduced carcinogen-induced neutrophil infiltration and hepatocyte proliferation in livers of obese mice. Inhibition of PI3Kγ may thus reduce HCC initiation and growth in obese subjects by a mechanism involving reduced metabolic stress and insulinaemia and reduced carcinogen-induced neutrophil infiltration to the fatty liver. PI3Kγ ablation does not affect carcinogen-induced liver cancer in lean mice. PI3Kγ ablation reduces carcinogen-induced liver cancer in obese mice. Systemic PI3Kγ ablation reduces hyperinsulinaemia, steatosis, metabolic inflammation, and growth of liver tumours. PI3Kγ ablation in leucocytes and endothelial cells reduces neutrophil infiltration and hepatocyte proliferation acutely induced by carcinogen in the fatty liver.
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Key Words
- AKT
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- BMDM, bone marrow-derived macrophages
- DEN, diethylnitrosamine
- GTT, glucose tolerance test
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HFD, high-fat diet
- ITT, insulin tolerance test
- Insulin
- NAFLD
- NASH
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositides-3 kinase
- PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog
- RT, room temperature
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling
- WT, wild-type
- mTOR
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Becattini
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine at Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ludovic Breasson
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine at Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claudia Sardi
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine at Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Giovanni Solinas
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine at Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Blagih J, Hennequart M, Zani F. Tissue Nutrient Environments and Their Effect on Regulatory T Cell Biology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637960. [PMID: 33868263 PMCID: PMC8050341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for mitigating inflammation. Tregs are found in nearly every tissue and play either beneficial or harmful roles in the host. The availability of various nutrients can either enhance or impair Treg function. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a major role in supporting Treg differentiation and fitness. While Tregs rely heavily on oxidation of fatty acids to support mitochondrial activity, they have found ways to adapt to different tissue types, such as tumors, to survive in competitive environments. In addition, metabolic by-products from commensal organisms in the gut also have a profound impact on Treg differentiation. In this review, we will focus on the core metabolic pathways engaged in Tregs, especially in the context of tissue nutrient environments, and how they can affect Treg function, stability and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Jones N, Blagih J, Zani F, Rees A, Hill DG, Jenkins BJ, Bull CJ, Moreira D, Bantan AIM, Cronin JG, Avancini D, Jones GW, Finlay DK, Vousden KH, Vincent EE, Thornton CA. Fructose reprogrammes glutamine-dependent oxidative metabolism to support LPS-induced inflammation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1209. [PMID: 33619282 PMCID: PMC7900179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructose intake has increased substantially throughout the developed world and is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Currently, our understanding of the metabolic and mechanistic implications for immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, exposed to elevated levels of dietary fructose is limited. Here, we show that fructose reprograms cellular metabolic pathways to favour glutaminolysis and oxidative metabolism, which are required to support increased inflammatory cytokine production in both LPS-treated human monocytes and mouse macrophages. A fructose-dependent increase in mTORC1 activity drives translation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS. LPS-stimulated monocytes treated with fructose rely heavily on oxidative metabolism and have reduced flexibility in response to both glycolytic and mitochondrial inhibition, suggesting glycolysis and oxidative metabolism are inextricably coupled in these cells. The physiological implications of fructose exposure are demonstrated in a model of LPS-induced systemic inflammation, with mice exposed to fructose having increased levels of circulating IL-1β after LPS challenge. Taken together, our work underpins a pro-inflammatory role for dietary fructose in LPS-stimulated mononuclear phagocytes which occurs at the expense of metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Jones
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | | | - April Rees
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - David G Hill
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Benjamin J Jenkins
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Caroline J Bull
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Diana Moreira
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Azari I M Bantan
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - James G Cronin
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Daniele Avancini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gareth W Jones
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David K Finlay
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Emma E Vincent
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Catherine A Thornton
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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5
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Tajan M, Hennequart M, Cheung EC, Zani F, Hock AK, Legrave N, Maddocks ODK, Ridgway RA, Athineos D, Suárez-Bonnet A, Ludwig RL, Novellasdemunt L, Angelis N, Li VSW, Vlachogiannis G, Valeri N, Mainolfi N, Suri V, Friedman A, Manfredi M, Blyth K, Sansom OJ, Vousden KH. Serine synthesis pathway inhibition cooperates with dietary serine and glycine limitation for cancer therapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:366. [PMID: 33446657 PMCID: PMC7809039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tumour cells show dependence on exogenous serine and dietary serine and glycine starvation can inhibit the growth of these cancers and extend survival in mice. However, numerous mechanisms promote resistance to this therapeutic approach, including enhanced expression of the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) enzymes or activation of oncogenes that drive enhanced serine synthesis. Here we show that inhibition of PHGDH, the first step in the SSP, cooperates with serine and glycine depletion to inhibit one-carbon metabolism and cancer growth. In vitro, inhibition of PHGDH combined with serine starvation leads to a defect in global protein synthesis, which blocks the activation of an ATF-4 response and more broadly impacts the protective stress response to amino acid depletion. In vivo, the combination of diet and inhibitor shows therapeutic efficacy against tumours that are resistant to diet or drug alone, with evidence of reduced one-carbon availability. However, the defect in ATF4-response seen in vitro following complete depletion of available serine is not seen in mice, where dietary serine and glycine depletion and treatment with the PHGDH inhibitor lower but do not eliminate serine. Our results indicate that inhibition of PHGDH will augment the therapeutic efficacy of a serine depleted diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marc Hennequart
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Eric C Cheung
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Andreas K Hock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nathalie Legrave
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Oliver D K Maddocks
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Rachel A Ridgway
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Dimitris Athineos
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Robert L Ludwig
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Nikolaos Angelis
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vivian S W Li
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Georgios Vlachogiannis
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology and Genomics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology and Genomics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Vipin Suri
- Raze Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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6
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Blagih J, Zani F, Chakravarty P, Hennequart M, Pilley S, Hobor S, Hock AK, Walton JB, Morton JP, Gronroos E, Mason S, Yang M, McNeish I, Swanton C, Blyth K, Vousden KH. Cancer-Specific Loss of p53 Leads to a Modulation of Myeloid and T Cell Responses. Cell Rep 2020; 30:481-496.e6. [PMID: 31940491 PMCID: PMC6963783 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of p53 function contributes to the development of many cancers. While cell-autonomous consequences of p53 mutation have been studied extensively, the role of p53 in regulating the anti-tumor immune response is still poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of p53 in cancer cells modulates the tumor-immune landscape to circumvent immune destruction. Deletion of p53 promotes the recruitment and instruction of suppressive myeloid CD11b+ cells, in part through increased expression of CXCR3/CCR2-associated chemokines and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and attenuates the CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) and CD8+ T cell responses in vivo. p53-null tumors also show an accumulation of suppressive regulatory T (Treg) cells. Finally, we show that two key drivers of tumorigenesis, activation of KRAS and deletion of p53, cooperate to promote immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Blagih
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Marc Hennequart
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Steven Pilley
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Andreas K Hock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Discovery Sciences, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK
| | - Josephine B Walton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Eva Gronroos
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Susan Mason
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ming Yang
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Iain McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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7
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Labuschagne CF, Zani F, Vousden KH. Control of metabolism by p53 - Cancer and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:32-42. [PMID: 29883595 PMCID: PMC6102416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
p53 is an important tumour suppressor gene, with loss of p53 contributing to the development of most human cancers. However, the activation of p53 in response to stress signals underpins a role for p53 in diverse aspects of health and disease. Activities of p53 that regulate metabolism can play a role in maintaining homeostasis and protecting cells from damage - so preventing disease development. By contrast, either loss or over-activation of p53 can contribute to numerous metabolic pathologies, including aging, obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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8
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Blagih J, Hock A, Mason S, Zani F, Blyth K, Vousden K. PO-403 The tumour suppressor P53 as a guardian of immune tolerance and suppression. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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9
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Casanova I, Durán ML, Viqueira J, Sousa-Pedrares A, Zani F, Real JA, García-Vázquez JA. Metal complexes of a novel heterocyclic benzimidazole ligand formed by rearrangement-cyclization of the corresponding Schiff base. Electrosynthesis, structural characterization and antimicrobial activity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4325-4340. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-pot electrochemical synthesis of metal complexes containing a novel heterocyclic benzimidazole ligand is reported and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Casanova
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - M. L. Durán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - J. Viqueira
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - A. Sousa-Pedrares
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - F. Zani
- Departamento di Farmacia
- Parco Area delle Scienze
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - J. A. Real
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular Departament de Química Inorgánica
- Universitat de Valencia
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - J. A. García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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10
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Breasson L, Sardi C, Becattini B, Zani F, Solinas G. PI3Kγ ablation does not promote diabetes in db/db mice, but improves insulin sensitivity and reduces pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. FASEB J 2017; 32:319-329. [PMID: 28904022 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700372rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PI3Kγ has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance; however, previous studies have indicated that PI3Kγ activity in pancreatic β cells is required for normal insulin secretion in response to glucose. Hence, a possible deterioration of insulin secretion capacity in patients who are predisposed to the failure of pancreatic β-cell function is a major concern for the pharmacologic inhibition of PI3Kγ. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of PI3Kγ ablation in db/db diabetic mice, a genetic model of obesity-driven β-cell failure and diabetes. Mice that lacked PI3Kγ were backcrossed into db/+ mice C57BL/KS (>10 generations) to obtain db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice. db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice and control db/db mice were phenotyped for glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, steatosis, metabolic inflammation, pancreatic islet morphometry, islet cellular composition, and inflammation. Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and proliferation were also evaluated. db/db-PI3Kγ -/- mice and control db/db mice developed similar body weight, steatosis, glycemia, and insulin levels after a glucose load; however, db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice displayed improved insulin tolerance, higher levels of fasting serum insulin, and lower pancreatic insulin content. In db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice, the number of adipose tissue macrophages was similar to control, but displayed reduced adipose tissue neutrophils and M2-polarized adipose tissue gene expression. Finally, db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice have more pancreatic β cells and larger islets than db/db mice, despite displaying similar islet inflammation. This phenotype could be explained by reduced β-cell apoptosis in db/db-PI3Kγ-/- mice compared with control db/db mice. Our results are consistent with the concept that the beneficial action of PI3Kγ ablation in obesity-driven glucose intolerance is largely a result of its leptin-dependent effects on adiposity and, to a lesser extent, the promotion of adipose tissue neutrophil recruitment and M1 polarization of gene expression. Of importance, our data challenge the concept that PI3Kγ is required for insulin secretion in response to glucose in vivo, and indicate that PI3Kγ ablation protects db/db mice from β-cell apoptosis and improves fasting insulin levels. We conclude that PI3Kγ inhibition in obese patients who are predisposed to β-cell failure is not expected to produce adverse effects on insulin secretion.-Breasson, L., Sardi, C., Becattini, B., Zani, F., Solinas, G. PI3Kγ ablation does not promote diabetes in db/db mice, but improves insulin sensitivity and reduces pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Breasson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claudia Sardi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Barbara Becattini
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fabio Zani
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
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Breasson L, Becattini B, Sardi C, Molinaro A, Zani F, Marone R, Botindari F, Bousquenaud M, Ruegg C, Wymann MP, Solinas G. PI3Kγ activity in leukocytes promotes adipose tissue inflammation and early-onset insulin resistance during obesity. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/488/eaaf2969. [PMID: 28720716 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) plays a major role in leukocyte recruitment during acute inflammation and has been proposed to inhibit classical macrophage activation by driving immunosuppressive gene expression. PI3Kγ plays an important role in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In seeking to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms, we showed that PI3Kγ action in high-fat diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance depended largely on its role in the control of adiposity, which was due to PI3Kγ activity in a nonhematopoietic cell type. However, PI3Kγ activity in leukocytes was required for efficient neutrophil recruitment to adipose tissue. Neutrophil recruitment was correlated with proinflammatory gene expression in macrophages in adipose tissue, which triggered insulin resistance early during the development of obesity. Our data challenge the concept that PI3Kγ is a general suppressor of classical macrophage activation and indicate that PI3Kγ controls macrophage gene expression by non-cell-autonomous mechanisms, the outcome of which is context-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Breasson
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Becattini
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fabio Zani
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Romina Marone
- Cancer and Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Botindari
- Cancer and Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Bousquenaud
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Curzio Ruegg
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P Wymann
- Cancer and Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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12
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Becattini B, Zani F, Breasson L, Sardi C, D'Agostino VG, Choo MK, Provenzani A, Park JM, Solinas G. JNK1 ablation in mice confers long-term metabolic protection from diet-induced obesity at the cost of moderate skin oxidative damage. FASEB J 2016; 30:3124-32. [PMID: 27230858 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600393r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with oxidative stress, which may be implicated in the progression of obesity-related diseases. The kinase JNK1 has emerged as a promising drug target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. JNK1 is also a key mediator of the oxidative stress response, which can promote cell death or survival, depending on the magnitude and context of its activation. In this article, we describe a study in which the long-term effects of JNK1 inactivation on glucose homeostasis and oxidative stress in obese mice were investigated for the first time. Mice lacking JNK1 (JNK1(-/-)) were fed an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) for a long period. JNK1(-/-) mice fed an HFD for the long term had reduced expression of antioxidant genes in their skin, more skin oxidative damage, and increased epidermal thickness and inflammation compared with the effects in control wild-type mice. However, we also observed that the protection from obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, steatosis, and insulin resistance, conferred by JNK1 ablation, was sustained over a long period and was paralleled by decreased oxidative damage in fat and liver. We conclude that compounds targeting JNK1 activity in brain and adipose tissue, which do not accumulate in the skin, may be safer and most effective.-Becattini, B., Zani, F., Breasson, L., Sardi, C., D'Agostino, V. G., Choo, M.-K., Provenzani, A., Park, J. M., Solinas, G. JNK1 ablation in mice confers long-term metabolic protection from diet-induced obesity at the cost of moderate skin oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Becattini
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Zani
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Breasson
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Sardi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Min-Kyung Choo
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jin Mo Park
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland;
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13
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Stemmer K, Zani F, Habegger KM, Neff C, Kotzbeck P, Bauer M, Yalamanchilli S, Azad A, Lehti M, Martins PJF, Müller TD, Pfluger PT, Seeley RJ. FGF21 is not required for glucose homeostasis, ketosis or tumour suppression associated with ketogenic diets in mice. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2414-23. [PMID: 26099854 PMCID: PMC5144740 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Ketogenic diets (KDs) have increasingly gained attention as effective means for weight loss and potential adjunctive treatment of cancer. The metabolic benefits of KDs are regularly ascribed to enhanced hepatic secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and its systemic effects on fatty-acid oxidation, energy expenditure (EE) and body weight. Ambiguous data from Fgf21-knockout animal strains and low FGF21 concentrations reported in humans with ketosis have nevertheless cast doubt regarding the endogenous function of FGF21. We here aimed to elucidate the causal role of FGF21 in mediating the therapeutic benefits of KDs on metabolism and cancer. METHODS We established a dietary model of increased vs decreased FGF21 by feeding C57BL/6J mice with KDs, either depleted of protein or enriched with protein. We furthermore used wild-type and Fgf21-knockout mice that were subjected to the respective diets, and monitored energy and glucose homeostasis as well as tumour growth after transplantation of Lewis lung carcinoma cells. RESULTS Hepatic and circulating, but not adipose tissue, FGF21 levels were profoundly increased by protein starvation, independent of the state of ketosis. We demonstrate that endogenous FGF21 is not essential for the maintenance of normoglycaemia upon protein and carbohydrate starvation and is therefore not needed for the effects of KDs on EE. Furthermore, the tumour-suppressing effects of KDs were independent of FGF21 and, rather, driven by concomitant protein and carbohydrate starvation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data indicate that the multiple systemic effects of KD exposure in mice, previously ascribed to increased FGF21 secretion, are rather a consequence of protein malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Stemmer
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabio Zani
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kirk M Habegger
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christina Neff
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Bauer
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Suma Yalamanchilli
- Division of Metabolism and Cancer, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ali Azad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maarit Lehti
- LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Paulo J F Martins
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Timo D Müller
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul T Pfluger
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Randy J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
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14
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Dargel C, Bassani-Sternberg M, Hasreiter J, Zani F, Bockmann JH, Thiele F, Bohne F, Wisskirchen K, Wilde S, Sprinzl MF, Schendel DJ, Krackhardt AM, Uckert W, Wohlleber D, Schiemann M, Stemmer K, Heikenwälder M, Busch DH, Richter G, Mann M, Protzer U. T Cells Engineered to Express a T-Cell Receptor Specific for Glypican-3 to Recognize and Kill Hepatoma Cells In Vitro and in Mice. Gastroenterology 2015; 149:1042-52. [PMID: 26052074 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer therapies are being developed based on our ability to direct T cells against tumor antigens. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is expressed by 75% of all hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), but not in healthy liver tissue or other organs. We aimed to generate T cells with GPC3-specific receptors that recognize HCC and used them to eliminate GPC3-expressing xenograft tumors grown from human HCC cells in mice. METHODS We used mass spectrometry to obtain a comprehensive peptidome from GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells after immune-affinity purification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and bioinformatics to identify immunodominant peptides. To circumvent GPC3 tolerance resulting from fetal expression, dendritic cells from HLA-A2-negative donors were cotransfected with GPC3 and HLA-A2 RNA to stimulate and expand antigen-specific T cells. RESULTS Peptide GPC3367 was identified as a predominant peptide on HLA-A2. We used A2-GPC3367 multimers to detect, select for, and clone GPC3-specific T cells. These clones bound the A2-GPC3367 multimer and secreted interferon-γ when cultured with GPC3367, but not with control peptide-loaded cells. By genomic sequencing of these T-cell clones, we identified a gene encoding a dominant T-cell receptor. The gene was cloned and the sequence was codon optimized and expressed from a retroviral vector. Primary CD8(+) T cells that expressed the transgenic T-cell receptor specifically bound GPC3367 on HLA-A2. These T cells killed GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells in culture and slowed growth of HCC xenograft tumors in mice. CONCLUSIONS We identified a GPC3367-specific T-cell receptor. Expression of this receptor by T cells allows them to recognize and kill GPC3-positive hepatoma cells. This finding could be used to advance development of adoptive T-cell therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dargel
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | | | - Julia Hasreiter
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Fabio Zani
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Garching, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Bockmann
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany
| | - Frank Thiele
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany
| | - Felix Bohne
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Karin Wisskirchen
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Susanne Wilde
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Martin F Sprinzl
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dolores J Schendel
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; 3rd Medical Department, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Institute of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Günther Richter
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany.
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15
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Zani F, Breasson L, Becattini B, Vukolic A, Montani JP, Albrecht U, Provenzani A, Ripperger JA, Solinas G. PER2 promotes glucose storage to liver glycogen during feeding and acute fasting by inducing Gys2 PTG and G L expression. Mol Metab 2013; 2:292-305. [PMID: 24049741 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between hepatic glycogen metabolism and blood glucose levels is a paradigm of the rhythmic nature of metabolic homeostasis. Here we show that mice lacking a functional PER2 protein (Per2 (Brdm1) ) display reduced fasting glycemia, altered rhythms of hepatic glycogen accumulation, and altered rhythms of food intake. Per2 (Brdm1) mice show reduced hepatic glycogen content and altered circadian expression during controlled fasting and refeeding. Livers from Per2 (Brdm1) mice display reduced glycogen synthase protein levels during refeeding, and increased glycogen phosphorylase activity during fasting. The latter is explained by PER2 action on the expression of the adapter proteins PTG and GL, which target the protein phosphatase-1 to glycogen to decrease glycogen phosphorylase activity. Finally, PER2 interacts with genomic regions of Gys2, PTG, and G L . These results indicate an important role for PER2 in the hepatic transcriptional response to feeding and acute fasting that promotes glucose storage to liver glycogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Zani
- Laboratory of Metabolic Stress Biology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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16
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Marcelino H, Veyrat-Durebex C, Summermatter S, Sarafian D, Miles-Chan J, Arsenijevic D, Zani F, Montani JP, Seydoux J, Solinas G, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Dulloo AG. A role for adipose tissue de novo lipogenesis in glucose homeostasis during catch-up growth: a Randle cycle favoring fat storage. Diabetes 2013; 62:362-72. [PMID: 22961086 PMCID: PMC3554390 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Catch-up growth, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and accelerated body fat recovery. Using a rat model of semistarvation-refeeding that exhibits catch-up fat, we previously reported that during refeeding on a low-fat diet, glucose tolerance is normal but insulin-dependent glucose utilization is decreased in skeletal muscle and increased in adipose tissue, where de novo lipogenic capacity is concomitantly enhanced. Here we report that isocaloric refeeding on a high-fat (HF) diet blunts the enhanced in vivo insulin-dependent glucose utilization for de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in adipose tissue. These are shown to be early events of catch-up growth that are independent of hyperphagia and precede the development of overt adipocyte hypertrophy, adipose tissue inflammation, or defective insulin signaling. These results suggest a role for enhanced DNL as a glucose sink in regulating glycemia during catch-up growth, which is blunted by exposure to an HF diet, thereby contributing, together with skeletal muscle insulin resistance, to the development of glucose intolerance. Our findings are presented as an extension of the Randle cycle hypothesis, whereby the suppression of DNL constitutes a mechanism by which dietary lipids antagonize glucose utilization for storage as triglycerides in adipose tissue, thereby impairing glucose homeostasis during catch-up growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Marcelino
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Summermatter
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Sarafian
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Miles-Chan
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Denis Arsenijevic
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Zani
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Josiane Seydoux
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Abdul G. Dulloo
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Abdul G. Dulloo,
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17
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Zhang X, Petruzziello F, Zani F, Fouillen L, Andren PE, Solinas G, Rainer G. High Identification Rates of Endogenous Neuropeptides from Mouse Brain. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2819-27. [DOI: 10.1021/pr3001699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Zhang
- Department
of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
CH-1700, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Zani
- Department
of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Fouillen
- Department
of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Per E. Andren
- Department
of Pharmaceutical
Biosciences, Medical Mass Spectrometry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 591, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Solinas
- Department
of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Rainer
- Department
of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
CH-1700, Switzerland
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18
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De Ciuceis C, Pilu A, Cappelli C, Porteri E, Zani F, Santoro A, Gandossi E, Boari GEM, Rizzardi N, Castellano M, Rizzoni D, Agabiti Rosei E. Decreased number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:335-9. [PMID: 20585201 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A relevant biological role of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) was recently demonstrated. EPC are generated in the bone marrow, and interact with damaged endothelium, restoring the integrity of the monolayer. Therefore, aim of the present study was to evaluate EPC in the blood of patients with untreated Graves' hyperthyroidism (GD), in whom an increased oxidative stress was observed. DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with untreated active GD and 18 matched normal controls (NC) were included in the study. Circulating EPC were isolated from peripheral blood. Mononuclear cells were cultured with endothelial basal medium supplemented with EGM SingleQuots, and were identified by positive double staining after 7 days in culture. Circulating levels of C reactive protein, total antioxidant power, interleukin (IL)-6, IL- 18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis facotr- α, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) and intracellular adhesion molecule were evaluated by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit. EPC number was also evaluated in a subgroup of GD patients after restoration of euthyroidism. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure resulted increased in GD patients compared with control subjects whereas diastolic blood pressure was not significantly different. Patients with GD showed an increase in circulating levels of IL-18 and VCAM-1 and a reduction of total antioxidant power (p<0.05) compared to NC. Moreover, a reduced number of EPC was observed in patients with GD compared to NC (p<0.05) which turned to NC values after restoring euthyroidism. CONCLUSION Patients with GD showed a reduction in the physiological protective mechanisms against endothelial damage, probably induced by increased inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De Ciuceis
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy
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19
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Tocchetti A, Ekalle Soppo CB, Zani F, Bianchi F, Gagliani MC, Pozzi B, Rozman J, Elvert R, Ehrhardt N, Rathkolb B, Moerth C, Horsch M, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Beckers J, Klingenspor M, Wolf E, de Angelis MH, Scanziani E, Tacchetti C, Scita G, Di Fiore PP, Offenhäuser N. Loss of the actin remodeler Eps8 causes intestinal defects and improved metabolic status in mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9468. [PMID: 20209148 PMCID: PMC2830459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In a variety of organisms, including mammals, caloric restriction improves metabolic status and lowers the incidence of chronic-degenerative diseases, ultimately leading to increased lifespan. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we show that knockout mice for Eps8, a regulator of actin dynamics, display reduced body weight, partial resistance to age- or diet-induced obesity, and overall improved metabolic status. Alteration in the liver gene expression profile, in behavior and metabolism point to a calorie restriction-like phenotype in Eps8 knockout mice. Additionally, and consistent with a calorie restricted metabolism, Eps8 knockout mice show increased lifespan. The metabolic alterations in Eps8 knockout mice correlated with a significant reduction in intestinal fat absorption presumably caused by a 25% reduction in intestinal microvilli length. Conclusions/Significance Our findings implicate actin dynamics as a novel variable in the determination of longevity. Additionally, our observations suggest that subtle differences in energy balance can, over time, significantly affect bodyweight and metabolic status in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Zani
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gagliani
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Pozzi
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Ralf Elvert
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Ehrhardt
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna Moerth
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marion Horsch
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (PPDF); (NO)
| | - Nina Offenhäuser
- Fondazione Instituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (PPDF); (NO)
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Porteri E, Paiardi S, Rizzardi N, Platto C, De Ciuceis C, Boari G, Zani F, Rizzoni D, Agabiti Rosei E. 6.14 Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System during Drospirenone Administration for Contraception. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03263661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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21
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Rizzoni D, De Ciuceis C, Porteri E, Boari GEM, Mortini P, Cornali C, Rodella L, Miclini M, Zani F, Rizzardi N, Platto C, Paiardi S, Rezzani R, Bianchi R, Agabiti Rosei E. Patients with Essential Hypertension Show the Presence of an Altered Structure of Small Cerebral Arteries. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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22
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De Ciuceis C, Zani F, Cappelli C, Santoro A, Gandossi E, Porteri E, Paiardi S, Rizzardi N, Castellano M, Rizzoni D, Agabiti Rosei E. Decreased Number of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients with Graves’ Hyperthyroidism. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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23
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Porteri E, Rizzoni D, Zani F, Platto C, Rizzardi N, Rosati A, Rao R, Miozzo A, Vergani V, Padovani A, Agabiti Rosei E. A Peculiar Case of Secondary Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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24
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Bacchi A, Carcelli M, Pelagatti P, Pelizzi G, Rodriguez-Arguelles MC, Rogolino D, Solinas C, Zani F. Antimicrobial and mutagenic properties of organotin(IV) complexes with isatin and N-alkylisatin bisthiocarbonohydrazones. J Inorg Biochem 2005; 99:397-408. [PMID: 15621271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Revised: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 10/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new series of ligands is synthesised starting from thiocarbonohydrazide and isatin (H(2)itc) or N-alkylisatin (methyl, H(2)mtc; butyl, H(2)btc; pentyl, H(2)ptc); the X-ray structure of H(2)mtc is discussed. The bis imine ligands are reacted with diorganotin(IV) compounds, obtaining monometallic complexes. In order to establish unequivocally their coordination geometry, the X-ray structures of (C(2)H(5))(2)Sn(Hmtc)Cl.THF (THF, tetrahydrofuran) and (C(6)H(5))Sn(Hptc)Cl(2) are determined. In (C(2)H(5))(2)Sn(Hmtc)Cl.THF, the ligand results monodeprotonated and, essentially, monodentate through the sulphur atom, while in (C(6)H(5))Sn(Hptc)Cl(2) the ligand is still monodeprotonated but SNO tridentate. The organotin(IV) complexes of isatin and N-methylisatin exhibit good antibacterial activity, better than that of the corresponding N-butyl and N-pentylisatin derivatives. Gram positive bacteria are the most sensitive microorganisms. No growth inhibition of fungi is detected up to the concentration of 100 microg/ml. H(2)mtc shows mutagenic activity with and without metabolic activation, whereas no mutagenicity is found for its organotin complexes and for the other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17A, 43100 Parma, Italy
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25
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Paiardi S, Rodella L, Rizzoni D, Porteri E, De Ciuceis C, Rezzani R, Boari GE, Zani F, Miclini M, Bianchi R, Rosei EA. Capillary Rarefaction in the Brain of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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26
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De Ciuceis C, Porteri E, Rizzoni D, Boari GE, Zani F, Miclini M, Paiardi S, Gatta D, Tiberio GA, Giulini SM, Rosei EA. Lack of Prognostic Role of Endothelial Dysfunction in Subcutaneous Small Resistance Arteries of Hypertensive Patients. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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27
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De Ciuceis C, Paiardi S, Rodella L, Rizzoni D, Porteri E, Rezzani R, Boari GE, Zani F, Miclini M, Tiberio GA, Giulini SM, Bianchi R, Rosei EA. Primary Aldosteronism May Induce Pronounced Changes in the Extracellular Matrix in Human Subcutaneous Small Resistance Arteries. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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28
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Porteri E, Rodella L, Rezzani R, Rizzoni D, Paiardi S, De Ciuceis C, Boari GE, Zani F, Miclini M, Bianchi R, Abraham NG, Rosei EA. Role of Heme Oxygenase in Modulating Endothelial Function in Mesenteric Small Resistance Arteries of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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29
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Boari GE, Muiesan ML, Porteri E, Castellano M, Rizzardi N, Salvetti M, De Ciuceis C, Zani F, Paini A, Miclini M, Paiardi S, Tiberio GA, Giulini SM, Rizzoni D, Rosei EA. Determinants of Subcutaneous Small Resistance Artery Structure in Hypertensive Patients. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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30
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Porteri E, Rizzoni D, De Ciuceis C, Boari GE, Zani F, Miclini M, Tiberio GA, Giulini SM, Paiardi S, Agabiti-Rosei E. Endothelial and Contractile Function of Small Resistance Arteries From Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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31
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Colombo G, Zucchi A, Allegra F, Colombo P, Zani F, Santi P. In vitro and in vivo study of 5-methoxypsoralen skin concentration after topical application. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2003; 16:130-6. [PMID: 12637789 DOI: 10.1159/000069025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2001] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the skin distribution of 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) after application of topical gels, in vitro and in vivo, in both healthy and psoriatic skin sites of 6 psoriatic patients. Drug skin distribution was determined using the thin slicing technique and subsequent HPLC analysis. In the presence of dermatological disease, i.e. psoriasis, the permeability of the tissue changed considerably, leading to an important increase in the cumulative amount of 5-MOP recovered in the skin after topical application. The amount of 5-MOP found in vitro in the human skin was intermediate between those cumulated in healthy and psoriatic skin sites during an in vivo experiment. The gel formulation is an efficacious carrier for the topical photochemotherapy of psoriasis with 5-MOP, since it allows drug penetration in psoriatic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Colombo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parma, Italy
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32
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Maggi L, Catellani PL, Fisicaro E, Santi P, Zani F, Massimo G, Colombo P. Effect of drying methods on retention of moist sucralfate gel properties. AAPS PharmSciTech 2000; 1:E26. [PMID: 14727912 PMCID: PMC2750354 DOI: 10.1208/pt010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to find a drying procedure for moist sucralfate gel capable of producing dried sucralfate gel that retains the original gel properties of bioadhesion, rheology, and micromeritics. Spray-drying and microwave-drying procedures were employed. Mannitol was used as a gel-protective substance during the drying processes. The spray drying of moist sucralfate gel gave rise to a powder whose water suspensions showed significantly reduced viscosity. The bioadhesion of spray-dried sucralfate gel was strongly reduced by drying. When mannitol was used as a gel protector, the spray-dried sucralfate in part maintained the original bioadhesion of moist sucralfate gel. The preparation of a dried sucralfate gel retaining the bioadhesion characteristics, avoiding the use of mannitol, was made possible using the microwave-drying procedure. The microwave-dried product possesses a granular morphology suitable for direct compression because it is a free flowing and strongly coherent granular powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Maggi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - P. L. Catellani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - E. Fisicaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - P. Santi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - F. Zani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - G. Massimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - P. Colombo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Favari E, Bernardini E, Bernini F, Mazza P, Zani F. Cellular toxicity of N-substituted 2,2'-dicarboxamidodiphenyldisulphides with high antimicrobial activity. Pharmacol Res 1999; 40:429-34. [PMID: 10527658 DOI: 10.1006/phrs.1999.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper we evaluate the cellular toxicity of some N-substituted 2,2'-dicarboxamidodiphenyldisulphides with high antimicrobial activities, in view of their potential application in humans or animals. The toxicological studies have been conducted in the murine cell line of 3T3 fibroblasts as eucaryotic cellular model. Our results have allowed the identification of a series of derivatives exhibiting antimicrobial activity and low cellular toxicity. Structure-cytotoxic activity relationships are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Favari
- Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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34
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Zani F, Pregnolato M, Zampollo F. Antimicrobial and genotoxic activities of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-thione carbamic esters. Farmaco 1999; 54:643-7. [PMID: 10575731 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(99)00055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-thione (1a,b) and its carbamic esters 2a,b-6a,b were tested in vitro against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, yeasts and dermatophytes. All compounds markedly inhibit the growth of Gram positive bacteria exhibiting MIC values ranging from 1.25 to 10 micrograms/ml. A strong antifungal activity is exerted against dermatophytes with MICs, in general, between 0.7 and 12 micrograms/ml. Structure-activity relationship studies show that these compounds are, in most cases, more effective than the corresponding benzisothiazolone analogues 7-12. None of the tested compounds shows genotoxic properties by Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella-microsome test.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università degli Studi, Parma, Italy
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35
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Bacchi A, Carcelli M, Pelagatti P, Pelizzi C, Pelizzi G, Zani F. Antimicrobial and mutagenic activity of some carbono- and thiocarbonohydrazone ligands and their copper(II), iron(II) and zinc(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 1999; 75:123-33. [PMID: 10450607 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(99)00045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Several mono- and bis- carbono- and thiocarbonohydrazone ligands have been synthesised and characterised; the X-ray diffraction analysis of bis(phenyl 2-pyridyl ketone) thiocarbonohydrazone is reported. The coordinating properties of the ligands have been studied towards Cu(II), Fe(II), and Zn(II) salts. The ligands and the metal complexes were tested in vitro against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, yeasts and moulds. In general, the bisthiocarbonohydrazones possess the best antimicrobial properties and Gram positive bacteria are the most sensitive microorganisms. Bis(ethyl 2-pyridyl ketone) thiocarbonohydrazone, bis(butyl 2-pyridyl ketone)thiocarbonohydrazone and Cu(H2nft)Cl2 (H2nft, bis(5-nitrofuraldehyde)thiocarbonohydrazone) reveal a strong activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.7 microgram ml-1 against Bacillus subtilis and of 3 micrograms ml-1 against Staphylococcus aureus. Cu(II) complexes are more effective than Fe(II) and Zn(II) ones. All bisthiocarbono- and carbonohydrazones are devoid of mutagenic properties, with the exception of the compounds derived from 5-nitrofuraldehyde. On the contrary a weak mutagenicity, that disappears in the copper complexes, is exhibited by monosubstituted thiocarbonohydrazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Italy
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36
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Abstract
Some sulfonamide and sulfonylurea derivatives of unsubstituted and 5-methylsubstituted 1,2-benzisothiazole were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi. Compounds 7 and 8 exhibited good antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. A strong synergism was observed when their growth-inhibitory effect was assayed in combination with trimethoprim by using Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as test microorganisms. The antimycotic action of benzenesulfonylurea derivative 9 was very marked for Madurella mycetomatis and dermatophytes Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton spp.. Structure-activity relations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Via delle Scienze 78, 43100 Parma, Italy
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37
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Bacchi A, Bonardi A, Carcelli M, Mazza P, Pelagatti P, Pelizzi C, Pelizzi G, Solinas C, Zani F. Organotin complexes with pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde bis(acylhydrazones). Synthesis, structure, antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 1998; 69:101-12. [PMID: 9606941 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(97)10027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mono- and bimetallic organotin complexes with pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde bis(2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone) (H5dfps) and pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde bis(2-picolinoylhydrazone) (H3dfpp) were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy. X-ray analysis of the complex [Sn(H3dfps)(C6H5)2].(CH3)2SO revealed a pentacoordination around tin through a N,N,O terdentate ligand behaviour of the hydrazone. This complex is the most active compound, exhibiting MIC values of 3 and 12 micrograms/ml against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, respectively. None of the ligands or complexes produced DNA-damage in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay or showed mutagenic activity in the Salmonella-microsome test.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Italy
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38
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Bergamaschi G, Bonardi A, Leporati E, Mazza P, Pelagatti P, Pelizzi C, Pelizzi G, Rodriguez Argüelles MC, Zani F. Organotin complexes with pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde monoacylhydrazones. Synthesis, spectroscopic properties, antimicrobial activity, and genotoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 1997; 68:295-305. [PMID: 9397578 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(97)00110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of organotin complexes with pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone (H3mfps) and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde 2-picolinoylhydrazone (H2mfpp) was investigated. The IR, 1H, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic characterization of all the compounds is reported and discussed in connection with the ligand behaviour of the hydrazone and the structure of the organotin complex. Complexes exhibit antibacterial properties higher than those of the corresponding ligands but they turn out to be less potent than the parent organotin compounds. Sn(H3mfps) (C6H5)2Cl2.2H2O and Sn(Hmfpp)(n-C4H9)2Cl are the most active antibacterial compounds showing MIC values between 3-6 micrograms/ml against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and between 6-25 micrograms/ml against Escherichia coli; the first compound also strongly inhibits the growth of Aspergillus niger. All the ligands and complexes are devoid of DNA-damaging activity in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay. H2mfpp and its complexes Sn(Hmfpp)(C2H5)2Cl and Sn3(Hmfpp)(mfpp) (C6H5)3Cl6 are shown by the Salmonella-microsome assay to be mutagenic substances in the presence of a metabolic activation system. The obtained results are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bergamaschi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Italy
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Zani F, Minutello A, Maggi L, Santi P, Mazza P. Evaluation of preservative effectiveness in pharmaceutical products: the use of a wild strain of Pseudomonas cepacia. J Appl Microbiol 1997; 83:322-6. [PMID: 9351212 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A sodium benzoate-sorbic acid preservative system of a pharmaceutical product was proved effective against a wild strain of Pseudomonas cepacia, following the official method of the Italian and British Pharmacopoeias. However, this preservative system was ineffective against a challenge of Ps. cepacia wild strain cells grown in the unpreserved pharmaceutical product and on culture media different from those described by the Pharmacopoeias. The adaptive resistance of the wild strain of Ps. cepacia was not demonstrated with a laboratory strain (ATCC 25609). In contrast, p-hydroxybenzoate-based preservative systems proved to be efficient in protecting the pharmaceutical product against a challenge of wild and laboratory strains of Ps. cepacia grown in the different conditions described above. The results obtained suggest the usefulness, in the official methods for testing pharmaceutical preservatives, of using wild microbial strains isolated from the pharmaceutical environment. Metabolic adaptive responses, capable of affecting the antimicrobial sensitivity of wild micro-organisms used to challenge the preserved product, can be detected by using cells grown in the unpreserved pharmaceutical product.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Universitá di Parma, Italy
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40
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Carmellino ML, Pagani G, Terreni M, Pregnolato M, Borgna P, Pastoni F, Zani F. Antimicrobial and genotoxic activities of N-hydroxyalkyl-1, 2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one carbamic esters. Farmaco 1997; 52:359-66. [PMID: 9372586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
N-Hydroxyethyl- and N-hydroxypropyl-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one carbamic esters were prepared in order to test their activity against representative bacterial and fungal strains. The obtained results were compared with those reported for parent alcohols and some interesting considerations were drawn. None of the studied derivatives possess genotoxic activity in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella-microsome test.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Carmellino
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica, Università degli Studi, Pavia, Italy
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41
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Benvenuti S, Severi F, Sacchetti A, Melegari M, Vampa G, Zani F, Mazza P, Antolini L. Synthesis, antimicrobial and genotoxic properties of some benzoimidazole derivatives. Farmaco 1997; 52:231-5. [PMID: 9241828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A number of 1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylamine and of 1-methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylamine derivatives were synthesized and the crystal and molecular structure of N-[4-(2-amino-benzoimidazole-1-sulfonyl)-phenyl] acetamide was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The compounds obtained were investigated for antimicrobial and genotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Benvenuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Modena
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42
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Vicini P, Zani F. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)amidines. Farmaco 1997; 52:21-4. [PMID: 9181676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several N-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)amidines were synthesized and examined for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. Some of the compounds studied were effective against bacteria and fungi. Amidines carrying unsaturated alkylic chains showed the highest antimicrobial activity, the propenyl derivative 7 proving to be the most potent with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 micrograms/ml against Gram positive bacteria and mould and of 3-12 micrograms/ml against yeasts. The results indicate that an unsaturated moiety is an important function for enhancing the antimicrobial activity in the compounds under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vicini
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università di Parma, Italy
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43
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Zani F, Mingiardi MR, Maggiali CA, Mazza P. Biological studies on 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives VI Antimicrobial activity of 1,2-benzisothiazole and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one derivatives and of some corresponding 1,2-benzisoxazoles. Farmaco 1996; 51:707-13. [PMID: 9035377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerous 1,2-benzisothiazole and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one derivatives, variously substituted in the different positions of the molecule, were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. Some corresponding 1,2-benzisoxazoles and 1,2-benzisoxazolin-3-ones were also considered. Several compounds possess a potent and broad antibacterial and antifungal activity, particularly against Gram positive microorganisms, yeasts and dermatophytes. 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-ones were found to be the most active substances. On the contrary, the benzisoxazoles and the benzisoxazolin-3-ones considered were devoid of activity. The results obtained are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Facoltà di Farmacia, Parma
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44
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Mor M, Zani F, Mazza P, Silva C, Bordi F, Morini G, Plazzi PV. Biological studies on 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives V. Antimicrobial properties of N-alkanoic, N-arylalkanoic and N-aryloxyalkanoic derivatives of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one: QSAR study and genotoxicity evaluation. Farmaco 1996; 51:493-501. [PMID: 8765672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
N-alkanoic, N-arylalkanoic and N-aryloxyalkanoic acids of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, esters and amides of N-arylalkanoic and N-aryloxyalkanoic acids and 1,1-dioxide derivatives of N-arylalkanoic acids and esters were investigated in vitro antimicrobial activity. N-arylalkanoic and N-aryloxyalkanoic acids (compounds 4-12) and their esters and amides (compounds 13-26) exhibited a good antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria, with several compounds showing potencies 10-20 times higher than 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one. None of the chemicals tested inhibited the growth of E. coli. Yeasts and moulds possess a considerable susceptibility to compounds 12-23. The logP (octanol-water) of esters and amides of N-arylalkanoic and N-aryloxyalkanoic acids were measured by the shake-flask technique and the potencies against Gram positive bacteria of the compounds tested was related to their lipophilicity. QSAR analysis showed a bilinear relation, with a logD0 around 3 for the activity on B. subtilis. The phenoxyacetic and phenoxybutyric acid derivatives are positive outliers, showing a potency higher than that predicted from their lipohilicity. The most active compounds were further tested against different Gram positive bacteria and moulds, including Bacilli, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida spp. and dermatophytes. The antibacterial and antifungal activity was specific for 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-ones, the corresponding 1,1-dioxide derivatives being inactive. The genotoxic properties of the compounds studied were evaluated by the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella-microsome test. None of the compounds showed DNA-damaging or mutagenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mor
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
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45
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Ianelli S, Mazza P, Orcesi M, Pelizzi C, Pelizzi G, Zani F. Synthesis, structure, and biological activity of organotin compounds with di-2-pyridylketone and phenyl(2-pyridyl) ketone 2-aminobenzoylhydrazones. J Inorg Biochem 1995; 60:89-108. [PMID: 8530920 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(95)00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The ligand behavior of di-2-pyridylketone 2-aminobenzoylhydrazone (Hdpa), and phenyl(2-pyridyl)ketone 2-aminobenzoylhydrazone (Hdba) towards organotin derivatives was investigated. The synthesis and the IR and 119Sn NMR spectroscopic characterization of the compounds is reported, together with the X-ray crystal structures of Hdpa and Sn(C6H5)3Cl(OH2).Hdpa, which are discussed and compared. The in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial properties revealed the strong activity of Sn(C6H5)2(Hdpa)Cl2 and Sn(C6H5)3Cl(OH2).Hdpa complexes. None of the compounds showed genotoxicity in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and in the Salmonella-microsome test.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ianelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Italy
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46
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Carcelli M, Mazza P, Pelizzi C, Pelizzi G, Zani F. Antimicrobial and genotoxic activity of 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(acylhydrazones) and their complexes with some first transition series metal ions. X-ray crystal structure of a dinuclear copper(II) complex. J Inorg Biochem 1995; 57:43-62. [PMID: 7876834 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(94)00004-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial and antifungal properties of five 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(acylhydrazones) (acyl:benzoyl, H2dapb; 2-aminobenzoyl, H2dapab; salicyloyl, H2daps; picolinoyl, H2dappc; 2-thenoyl, H2dapt) and of a series of metal complexes were investigated. The x-ray crystal structure of the [Cu(dapt)]2 complex was also determined. It consists of dimeric units in which both copper atoms have sixfold coordination. The evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial properties showed some compounds to exhibit good activity against Gram positive bacteria. In most cases, complexes showed a similar or reduced activity as compared to the ligand itself. Only the iron complexes were found to be more active than the chelating agent involved. None of the compounds showed any significant antifungal activity. The genotoxicity of the compounds described was studied in vitro with Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and Salmonella-microsome reversion assay. No DNA-damaging activity was detected in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay. H2dapb, H2dapb, and H2dappc were active in the Salmonella test. In several cases, the genotoxic properties of the ligands disappeared in the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carcelli
- Istituto di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Università di Parma, Italy
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47
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Zani F, Bellotti A, Mazza P. Biological studies on 2,1-benzisothiazole derivatives. II. Evaluation of antimicrobial and genotoxic properties of bz-nitro-, 3-ethylacetate-, 3-amino- and 3-substituted amino 2,1-benzisothiazoles. Farmaco 1994; 40:713-9. [PMID: 7832974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of bz-nitro-, 3-ethylacetate-, 3-amino- and 3-substitutedamino 2,1-benzisothiazoles was evaluated. The compounds studied were found to display a very low activity against bacteria and fungi, with the exception of compound 61, which exhibited a relatively high activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As for genotoxic properties, compounds 1-3, 5 and 6 showed DNA-damaging activity in the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay. The Salmonella-microsome assay confirmed the genotoxicity of these compounds and also revealed the mutagenicity of compounds 4, 7-12, 23, 24, 31, 33-35, 38, 39, 44, 49, 51, 53, 57-63. Structure-activity relationships showed all the compounds containing an aromatic nitro group or an unsubstituted amino group to possess genotoxic properties. Whereas most of the 3-acylamino-, 3-acylalkylamino- and 3-azomethynderivatives showed mutagenic activity, none of the 3-alkylamino-2,1-benzisothiazoles was active. None of the 1,2-isomers studied showed genotoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università di Parma, Italy
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48
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Zani F, Carmellino ML. Antimicrobial and genotoxic properties of quinoline derivatives. Boll Chim Farm 1994; 133:328-38. [PMID: 8068239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We continued our research into the biological properties of quinoline derivatives. Newly synthesized 8-sulfonylquinolines, tested against some representative microbial strains and practically inactive, were also studied for the genotoxic properties. The genotoxicity tests were extended to previously synthesized compounds (some 6-substituted 8-quinolinecarboxylic acids, the amide and some esters of 8-quinolinecarboxylic acid and finally the 8-quinolinecarboxaldehyde and two of its derivatives). Rec-assay and Salmonella-microsome tests showed several compounds to be genotoxic; the mutagenic activity seems to be modulated by the nature of the substituents. The results obtained are discussed with the aim of explaining possible structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università di Parma, Italy
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49
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Zani F, Cuzzoni MT, Daglia M, Benvenuti S, Vampa G, Mazza P. Inhibition of mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium by Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, glycyrrhizinic acid, 18 alpha- and 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acids. Planta Med 1993; 59:502-507. [PMID: 8302947 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-959748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. extract, glycyrrhizinic acid, 18 alpha- and 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acids on the mutagenicity of the ethyl methanesulfonate, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and ribose-lysine Maillard model systems were investigated by using the Salmonella/microsome reversion assay. The protocol used allowed us to detect desmutagenic and antimutagenic activity and to avoid false positive results due to toxicity. For all the compounds tested, no desmutagenic activity was observed against ethyl methanesulfonate and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine; only Glycyrrhiza glabra extract showed antimutagenic activity against ethyl methanesulfonate. On using the ribose-lysine mutagenic browning mixture, the desmutagenic activities of the Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, glycyrrhizinic acid, 18 alpha- and 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acids were observed. 18 beta-Glycyrrhetinic acid was the most active compound. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract also exhibited antimutagenic activity against ribose-lysine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zani
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Parma, Italy
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50
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Carmellino ML, Massolini G, Pagani G, Zani F, Leri G. Fungicidal and genotoxic activity of new substituted pyridazinones. Farmaco 1993; 48:1427-1438. [PMID: 8117381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Some 2-sulfonyl- and 2-acylderivatives of the 4,5-dichloro-3(2H)-pyridazinone were prepared in order to test their fungicidal activity. Interesting results, both in vitro and in vivo, were obtained in particular from the alkylsulfonyl-derivatives. Genotoxic activity of 3(2H)-pyridazinones was evaluated in vitro by the Bacillus subtilis rec-assay and the Salmonella-microsome reversion assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Carmellino
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica, Università di Pavia, Italy
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