1
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Tretter C, de Andrade Krätzig N, Pecoraro M, Lange S, Seifert P, von Frankenberg C, Untch J, Zuleger G, Wilhelm M, Zolg DP, Dreyer FS, Bräunlein E, Engleitner T, Uhrig S, Boxberg M, Steiger K, Slotta-Huspenina J, Ochsenreither S, von Bubnoff N, Bauer S, Boerries M, Jost PJ, Schenck K, Dresing I, Bassermann F, Friess H, Reim D, Grützmann K, Pfütze K, Klink B, Schröck E, Haller B, Kuster B, Mann M, Weichert W, Fröhling S, Rad R, Hiltensperger M, Krackhardt AM. Author Correction: Proteogenomic analysis reveals RNA as a source for tumor-agnostic neoantigen identification. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2364. [PMID: 38491045 PMCID: PMC10943035 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Celina Tretter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas de Andrade Krätzig
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Matteo Pecoraro
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Plank Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Seifert
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Clara von Frankenberg
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Untch
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriela Zuleger
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelm
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Computational Mass Spectrometry, Freising, Germany
| | - Daniel P Zolg
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
| | - Florian S Dreyer
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Bräunlein
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Precision Oncology Program, NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Slotta-Huspenina
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ochsenreither
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine (IBSM), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, University of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine (IBSM), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp J Jost
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- University Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristina Schenck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Iska Dresing
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Reim
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Core Unit Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), NCT Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Pfütze
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- ERN GENTURIS, Hereditary Cancer Syndrome Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center (BayBioMS), Freising, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Plank Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany.
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany.
- Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus-Hospital, Flensburg, Germany.
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2
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Tretter C, de Andrade Krätzig N, Pecoraro M, Lange S, Seifert P, von Frankenberg C, Untch J, Zuleger G, Wilhelm M, Zolg DP, Dreyer FS, Bräunlein E, Engleitner T, Uhrig S, Boxberg M, Steiger K, Slotta-Huspenina J, Ochsenreither S, von Bubnoff N, Bauer S, Boerries M, Jost PJ, Schenck K, Dresing I, Bassermann F, Friess H, Reim D, Grützmann K, Pfütze K, Klink B, Schröck E, Haller B, Kuster B, Mann M, Weichert W, Fröhling S, Rad R, Hiltensperger M, Krackhardt AM. Proteogenomic analysis reveals RNA as a source for tumor-agnostic neoantigen identification. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4632. [PMID: 37532709 PMCID: PMC10397250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic pan-tumor analyses may reveal the significance of common features implicated in cancer immunogenicity and patient survival. Here, we provide a comprehensive multi-omics data set for 32 patients across 25 tumor types for proteogenomic-based discovery of neoantigens. By using an optimized computational approach, we discover a large number of tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens. To create a pipeline for the identification of neoantigens in our cohort, we combine DNA and RNA sequencing with MS-based immunopeptidomics of tumor specimens, followed by the assessment of their immunogenicity and an in-depth validation process. We detect a broad variety of non-canonical HLA-binding peptides in the majority of patients demonstrating partially immunogenicity. Our validation process allows for the selection of 32 potential neoantigen candidates. The majority of neoantigen candidates originates from variants identified in the RNA data set, illustrating the relevance of RNA as a still understudied source of cancer antigens. This study underlines the importance of RNA-centered variant detection for the identification of shared biomarkers and potentially relevant neoantigen candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Tretter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas de Andrade Krätzig
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Matteo Pecoraro
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Plank Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Seifert
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Clara von Frankenberg
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Untch
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriela Zuleger
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelm
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Computational Mass Spectrometry, Freising, Germany
| | - Daniel P Zolg
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
| | - Florian S Dreyer
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Bräunlein
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Precision Oncology Program, NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Slotta-Huspenina
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ochsenreither
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine (IBSM), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, University of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine (IBSM), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp J Jost
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- University Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristina Schenck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Iska Dresing
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Reim
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Core Unit Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), NCT Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Pfütze
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- ERN GENTURIS, Hereditary Cancer Syndrome Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Freising, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center (BayBioMS), Freising, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Plank Institute of Biochemistry, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Institute of Pathology, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IInd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, IIIrd Medical Department, Munich, Germany.
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich, Germany.
- Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus-Hospital, Flensburg, Germany.
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3
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Rejeski K, Hansen DK, Bansal R, Sesques P, Ailawadhi S, Logue JM, Bräunlein E, Cordas Dos Santos DM, Freeman CL, Alsina M, Theurich S, Wang Y, Krackhardt AM, Locke FL, Bachy E, Jain MD, Lin Y, Subklewe M. The CAR-HEMATOTOX score as a prognostic model of toxicity and response in patients receiving BCMA-directed CAR-T for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:88. [PMID: 37525244 PMCID: PMC10391746 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has altered the treatment landscape of relapsed/refractory (r/r) multiple myeloma, but is hampered by unique side effects that can lengthen hospital stays and increase morbidity. Hematological toxicity (e.g. profound and prolonged cytopenias) represents the most common grade ≥ 3 toxicity and can predispose for severe infectious complications. Here, we examined the utility of the CAR-HEMATOTOX (HT) score to predict toxicity and survival outcomes in patients receiving standard-of-care idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from 113 r/r multiple myeloma patients treated between April 2021 and July 2022 across six international CAR-T centers. The HT score-composed of factors related to hematopoietic reserve and baseline inflammatory state-was determined prior to lymphodepleting chemotherapy. RESULTS At lymphodepletion, 63 patients were HTlow (score 0-1) and 50 patients were HThigh (score ≥ 2). Compared to their HTlow counterparts, HThigh patients displayed prolonged severe neutropenia (median 9 vs. 3 days, p < 0.001), an increased severe infection rate (40% vs. 5%, p < 0.001), and more severe ICANS (grade ≥ 3: 16% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). One-year non-relapse mortality was higher in the HThigh group (13% vs. 2%, p = 0.019) and was predominantly attributable to fatal infections. Response rates according to IMWG criteria were higher in HTlow patients (≥ VGPR: 70% vs. 44%, p = 0.01). Conversely, HThigh patients exhibited inferior progression-free (median 5 vs. 15 months, p < 0.001) and overall survival (median 10.5 months vs. not reached, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These data highlight the prognostic utility of the CAR-HEMATOTOX score for both toxicity and treatment response in multiple myeloma patients receiving BCMA-directed CAR-T. The score may guide toxicity management (e.g. anti-infective prophylaxis, early G-CSF, stem cell boost) and help to identify suitable CAR-T candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Rejeski
- Department of Medicine III - Hematology/Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Immunology, LMU Gene Center, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany.
| | - Doris K Hansen
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | | | - Pierre Sesques
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | | | - Jennifer M Logue
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Eva Bräunlein
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar and Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David M Cordas Dos Santos
- Department of Medicine III - Hematology/Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ciara L Freeman
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Melissa Alsina
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Sebastian Theurich
- Department of Medicine III - Hematology/Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yucai Wang
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar and Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Malteser Hospital St. Franziskus Hospital, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Frederick L Locke
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Emmanuel Bachy
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Michael D Jain
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Medicine III - Hematology/Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Immunology, LMU Gene Center, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany
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4
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Möhrmann L, Rostock L, Oleś M, Jahn A, Arlt M, Paramasivam N, Jöhrens K, Rupp L, Schmitz M, Richter D, Uhrig S, Fröhlich M, Hutter B, Hüllein J, Wolf EE, Hanf D, Gieldon L, Kreutzfeldt S, Heilig CE, Teleanu V, Lipka DB, Mock A, Jelas I, Rieke DT, Wiesweg M, Boerries M, Illert AL, Desuki A, Kindler T, Krackhardt AM, Westphalen CB, Grosch H, Apostolidis L, Stenzinger A, Kerle IA, Heining C, Hübschmann D, Schröck E, Fröhling S, Glimm H. Abstract 926: Genomics-based personalized oncology of advanced thymic epithelial tumors. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are very rare. Thymoma A and AB have a better prognosis than more aggressive thymoma B, thymic carcinoma (TC) and neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus (NET). While previous efforts such as TCGA have mainly characterized thymomas (Radovich et al., Cancer Cell 2018), the molecular landscape of TCs and NETs is still elusive.
Patients and Methods: Between 03/2014 and 07/2020, we enrolled 44 TET patients (27 TCs, 11 thymomas, 6 NETs) in a prospective observational study (MASTER) conducted by the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, NCT Dresden and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK). MASTER applied whole genome/exome sequencing (WGS, n=22; WES, n=22), transcriptome (n=40) and germline analysis to inform therapy recommendations by a dedicated molecular tumor board (MTB). We systematically gathered follow-up data to evaluate outcome and compared progression-free survival (PFS) of the first treatment according to an MTB recommendation (PFS2) to the last prior systemic treatment (PFS1) in each patient (PFS ratio).
Results: Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was low (median=0.99 mutations/Mb, range 0.08-3.48) but higher than in TCGA (p<0.05). TMB was higher in TCs than in thymoma (p<0.05). Most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (30%), CYLD (16%), SETD2 (14%) and KIT (14%). Germline analysis revealed (likely) pathogenic germline alterations in 25% of patients (MUTYH, n=3; BRCA1, n=2; BRCA2, BAP1, CHEK2, FANCA, TP53, MEN1, n=1). A comprehensive analysis of candidate biomarkers of homologous recombination repair (HRR) defects revealed a subgroup of TET patients with a rationale for PARP inhibitor therapy. Unsupervised clustering of RNA sequencing data mainly revealed clustering that correlated with WHO classification. Additionally, TCs clustered in two subgroups that we identified as immunologically hot and cold tumors using immunohistochemistry validation. Overall survival of patients with hot tumors was significantly longer (p<0.05). The MTB recommended therapies for 42 patients (95%), which were implemented in 24 cases (57%). Five patients had a PFS2 > 6 months and a PFS ratio > 1.3. The best outcome was achieved using imatinib in a patient with a KIT mutation (p.W557R). After progression, the MTB recommended ponatinib based on a secondary KIT mutation (p.V654A). The patient was still on ponatinib when the observation period ended.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that comprehensive molecular analysis provides clinically relevant information in a subgroup of TET patients. Thymoma, TCs, and NETs present with different molecular characteristics. Distinction between immunologically hot and cold TCs may have value for risk stratification and therapeutic strategies. PARP inhibition could be a potential new treatment option in a small subgroup of TETs. Molecular testing of KIT, germline analysis and genetic counseling should be recommended for all patients with advanced TETs.
Citation Format: Lino Möhrmann, Lysann Rostock, Małgorzata Oleś, Arne Jahn, Marie Arlt, Nagarajan Paramasivam, Korinna Jöhrens, Luise Rupp, Marc Schmitz, Daniela Richter, Sebastian Uhrig, Martina Fröhlich, Barbara Hutter, Jennifer Hüllein, Elena E. Wolf, Dorothea Hanf, Laura Gieldon, Simon Kreutzfeldt, Christoph E. Heilig, Veronica Teleanu, Daniel B. Lipka, Andreas Mock, Ivan Jelas, Damian T. Rieke, Marcel Wiesweg, Melanie Boerries, Anna L. Illert, Alexander Desuki, Thomas Kindler, Angela M. Krackhardt, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Heidrun Grosch, Leonidas Apostolidis, Albrecht Stenzinger, Irina A. Kerle, Christoph Heining, Daniel Hübschmann, Evelin Schröck, Stefan Fröhling, Hanno Glimm. Genomics-based personalized oncology of advanced thymic epithelial tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 926.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino Möhrmann
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Lysann Rostock
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Arne Jahn
- 3Institute for Clinical Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie Arlt
- 3Institute for Clinical Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Luise Rupp
- 5Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- 5Institute of Immunology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Hutter
- 2German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Elena E. Wolf
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Dorothea Hanf
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Gieldon
- 6Institute of Medical Genetics, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Daniel B. Lipka
- 7National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mock
- 8Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Ivan Jelas
- 9Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marcel Wiesweg
- 10West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- 11Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Anna L. Illert
- 11Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Alexander Desuki
- 12University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Kindler
- 12University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- 13Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Heidrun Grosch
- 15Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- 16Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irina A. Kerle
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Evelin Schröck
- 3Institute for Clinical Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- 7National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanno Glimm
- 1National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
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5
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Hiltensperger M, Krackhardt AM. Current and future concepts for the generation and application of genetically engineered CAR-T and TCR-T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1121030. [PMID: 36949949 PMCID: PMC10025359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1121030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has seen a steep rise of new therapeutic approaches in its immune-oncology pipeline over the last years. This is in great part due to the recent approvals of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies and their remarkable efficacy in certain soluble tumors. A big focus of ACT lies on T cells and how to genetically modify them to target and kill tumor cells. Genetically modified T cells that are currently utilized are either equipped with an engineered CAR or a T cell receptor (TCR) for this purpose. Both strategies have their advantages and limitations. While CAR-T cell therapies are already used in the clinic, these therapies face challenges when it comes to the treatment of solid tumors. New designs of next-generation CAR-T cells might be able to overcome these hurdles. Moreover, CARs are restricted to surface antigens. Genetically engineered TCR-T cells targeting intracellular antigens might provide necessary qualities for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we will summarize the major advancements of the CAR-T and TCR-T cell technology. Moreover, we will cover ongoing clinical trials, discuss current challenges, and provide an assessment of future directions within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hiltensperger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Hiltensperger, ; Angela M. Krackhardt,
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Hiltensperger, ; Angela M. Krackhardt,
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6
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Füchsl F, Krackhardt AM. Paving the Way to Solid Tumors: Challenges and Strategies for Adoptively Transferred Transgenic T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4192. [PMID: 36077730 PMCID: PMC9454442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are important players in the antitumor immune response. Over the past few years, the adoptive transfer of genetically modified, autologous T cells-specifically redirected toward the tumor by expressing either a T cell receptor (TCR) or a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-has been adopted for use in the clinic. At the moment, the therapeutic application of CD19- and, increasingly, BCMA-targeting-engineered CAR-T cells have been approved and have yielded partly impressive results in hematologic malignancies. However, employing transgenic T cells for the treatment of solid tumors remains more troublesome, and numerous hurdles within the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) need to be overcome to achieve tumor control. In this review, we focused on the challenges that these therapies must face on three different levels: infiltrating the tumor, exerting efficient antitumor activity, and overcoming T cell exhaustion and dysfunction. We aimed to discuss different options to pave the way for potent transgenic T cell-mediated tumor rejection by engineering either the TME or the transgenic T cell itself, which responds to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Füchsl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
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7
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Gosmann D, Russelli L, Weber WA, Schwaiger M, Krackhardt AM, D'Alessandria C. Promise and challenges of clinical non-invasive T-cell tracking in the era of cancer immunotherapy. EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:5. [PMID: 35099641 PMCID: PMC8804060 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-022-00877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, our understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer has significantly improved and led to the discovery of new immunotherapeutic targets and tools, which boosted the advances in cancer immunotherapy to fight a growing number of malignancies. Approved immunotherapeutic approaches are currently mainly based on immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-derived targeted therapies, or cell-based immunotherapies. In essence, these therapies induce or enhance the infiltration and function of tumor-reactive T cells within the tumors, ideally resulting in complete tumor eradication. While the clinical application of immunotherapies has shown great promise, these therapies are often accompanied either by a variety of side effects as well as partial or complete unresponsiveness of a number of patients. Since different stages of disease progression elicit different local and systemic immune responses, the ability to longitudinally interrogate the migration and expansion of immune cells, especially T cells, throughout the whole body might greatly facilitate disease characterization and understanding. Furthermore, it can serve as a tool to guide development as well as selection of appropriate treatment regiments. This review provides an overview about a variety of immune-imaging tools available to characterize and study T-cell responses induced by anti-cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, challenges are discussed that must be taken into account and overcome to use immune-imaging tools as predictive and surrogate markers to enhance assessment and successful application of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Gosmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Russelli
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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8
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Bräunlein E, Lupoli G, Füchsl F, Abualrous ET, de Andrade Krätzig N, Gosmann D, Wietbrock L, Lange S, Engleitner T, Lan H, Audehm S, Effenberger M, Boxberg M, Steiger K, Chang Y, Yu K, Atay C, Bassermann F, Weichert W, Busch DH, Rad R, Freund C, Antes I, Krackhardt AM. Functional analysis of peripheral and intratumoral neoantigen-specific TCRs identified in a patient with melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002754. [PMID: 34518289 PMCID: PMC8438848 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neoantigens derived from somatic mutations correlate with therapeutic responses mediated by treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neoantigens are therefore highly attractive targets for the development of therapeutic approaches in personalized medicine, although many aspects of their quality and associated immune responses are not yet well understood. In a case study of metastatic malignant melanoma, we aimed to perform an in-depth characterization of neoantigens and respective T-cell responses in the context of immune checkpoint modulation. Methods Three neoantigens, which we identified either by immunopeptidomics or in silico prediction, were investigated using binding affinity analyses and structural simulations. We isolated seven T-cell receptors (TCRs) from the patient’s immune repertoire recognizing these antigens. TCRs were compared in vitro by multiparametric analyses including functional avidity, multicytokine secretion, and cross-reactivity screenings. A xenograft mouse model served to study in vivo functionality of selected TCRs. We investigated the patient’s TCR repertoire in blood and different tumor-related tissues over 3 years using TCR beta deep sequencing. Results Selected mutated peptide ligands with proven immunogenicity showed similar binding affinities to the human leukocyte antigen complex and comparable disparity to their wild-type counterparts in molecular dynamic simulations. Nevertheless, isolated TCRs recognizing these antigens demonstrated distinct patterns in functionality and frequency. TCRs with lower functional avidity showed at least equal antitumor immune responses in vivo. Moreover, they occurred at high frequencies and particularly demonstrated long-term persistence within tumor tissues, lymph nodes and various blood samples associated with a reduced activation pattern on primary in vitro stimulation. Conclusions We performed a so far unique fine characterization of neoantigen-specific T-cell responses revealing defined reactivity patterns of neoantigen-specific TCRs. Our data highlight qualitative differences of these TCRs associated with function and longevity of respective T cells. Such features need to be considered for further optimization of neoantigen targeting including adoptive T-cell therapies using TCR-transgenic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bräunlein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Gaia Lupoli
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Franziska Füchsl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Esam T Abualrous
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas de Andrade Krätzig
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Dario Gosmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Lukas Wietbrock
- TUM School of Life Sciences and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Huan Lan
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Audehm
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Manuel Effenberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,MRI-TUM-Biobank at the Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Core Facility Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yinshui Chang
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Kai Yu
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Cigdem Atay
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,MRI-TUM-Biobank at the Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Core Facility Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- TUM School of Life Sciences and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany .,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner-site Munich, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Wilhelm M, Zolg DP, Graber M, Gessulat S, Schmidt T, Schnatbaum K, Schwencke-Westphal C, Seifert P, de Andrade Krätzig N, Zerweck J, Knaute T, Bräunlein E, Samaras P, Lautenbacher L, Klaeger S, Wenschuh H, Rad R, Delanghe B, Huhmer A, Carr SA, Clauser KR, Krackhardt AM, Reimer U, Kuster B. Author Correction: Deep learning boosts sensitivity of mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4002. [PMID: 34162890 PMCID: PMC8222294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Wilhelm
- Computational Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany. .,Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
| | - Daniel P Zolg
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Michael Graber
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Siegfried Gessulat
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | | | - Celina Schwencke-Westphal
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Seifert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas de Andrade Krätzig
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Eva Bräunlein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Patroklos Samaras
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Lautenbacher
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Reimer
- JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany. .,Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
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10
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Wilhelm M, Zolg DP, Graber M, Gessulat S, Schmidt T, Schnatbaum K, Schwencke-Westphal C, Seifert P, de Andrade Krätzig N, Zerweck J, Knaute T, Bräunlein E, Samaras P, Lautenbacher L, Klaeger S, Wenschuh H, Rad R, Delanghe B, Huhmer A, Carr SA, Clauser KR, Krackhardt AM, Reimer U, Kuster B. Deep learning boosts sensitivity of mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3346. [PMID: 34099720 PMCID: PMC8184761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) bound ligandome by mass spectrometry (MS) holds great promise for developing vaccines and drugs for immune-oncology. Still, the identification of non-tryptic peptides presents substantial computational challenges. To address these, we synthesized and analyzed >300,000 peptides by multi-modal LC-MS/MS within the ProteomeTools project representing HLA class I & II ligands and products of the proteases AspN and LysN. The resulting data enabled training of a single model using the deep learning framework Prosit, allowing the accurate prediction of fragment ion spectra for tryptic and non-tryptic peptides. Applying Prosit demonstrates that the identification of HLA peptides can be improved up to 7-fold, that 87% of the proposed proteasomally spliced HLA peptides may be incorrect and that dozens of additional immunogenic neo-epitopes can be identified from patient tumors in published data. Together, the provided peptides, spectra and computational tools substantially expand the analytical depth of immunopeptidomics workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Wilhelm
- Computational Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
| | - Daniel P Zolg
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Michael Graber
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Siegfried Gessulat
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | | | - Celina Schwencke-Westphal
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Seifert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas de Andrade Krätzig
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Eva Bräunlein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Patroklos Samaras
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Lautenbacher
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Reimer
- JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
- Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany.
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11
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Robu S, Richter A, Gosmann D, Seidl C, Leung D, Hayes W, Cohen D, Morin P, Donnelly DJ, Lipovšek D, Bonacorsi SJ, Smith A, Steiger K, Aulehner C, Krackhardt AM, Weber WA. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of a 68Ga-Labeled Adnectin, 68Ga-BMS-986192, as a PET Agent for Imaging PD-L1 Expression. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:1228-1234. [PMID: 33517324 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.258384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Blocking the interaction of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death protein-1 and its ligand, PD-L1, using specific antibodies has been a major breakthrough for immune oncology. Whole-body PD-L1 expression PET imaging may potentially allow for a better prediction of response to programmed cell death protein-1-targeted therapies. Imaging of PD-L1 expression is feasible by PET with the adnectin protein 18F-BMS-986192. However, radiofluorination of proteins such as BMS-986192 remains complex and labeling yields are low. The goal of this study was therefore the development and preclinical evaluation of a 68Ga-labeled adnectin protein (68Ga-BMS-986192) to facilitate clinical trials. Methods: 68Ga labeling of DOTA-conjugated adnectin (BXA-206362) was performed in NaOAc-buffer at pH 5.5 (50°C, 15 min). In vitro stability in human serum at 37°C was analyzed using radio-thin layer chromatography and radio-high-performance liquid chromatography. PD-L1 binding assays were performed using the transduced PD-L1-expressing lymphoma cell line U-698-M and wild-type U-698-M cells as a negative control. Immunohistochemical staining studies, biodistribution studies, and small-animal PET studies of 68Ga-BMS-986192 were performed using PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative U-698-M-bearing NSG mice. Results: 68Ga-BMS-986192 was obtained with quantitative radiochemical yields of more than 97% and with high radiochemical purity. In vitro stability in human serum was at least 95% after 4 h of incubation. High and specific binding of 68Ga-BMS-986192 to human PD-L1-expressing cancer cells was confirmed, which closely correlates with the respective PD-L1 expression level determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry staining. In vivo, 68Ga-BMS-986192 uptake was high at 1 h after injection in PD-L1-positive tumors (9.0 ± 2.1 percentage injected dose [%ID]/g) and kidneys (56.9 ± 9.2 %ID/g), with negligible uptake in other tissues. PD-L1-negative tumors demonstrated only background uptake of radioactivity (0.6 ± 0.1 %ID/g). Coinjection of an excess of unlabeled adnectin reduced tumor uptake of PD-L1 by more than 80%. Conclusion: 68Ga-BMS-986192 enables easy radiosynthesis and shows excellent in vitro and in vivo PD-L1-targeting characteristics. The high tumor uptake combined with low background accumulation at early imaging time points demonstrates the feasibility of 68Ga-BMS-986192 for imaging of PD-L1 expression in tumors and is encouraging for further clinical applications of PD-L1 ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Robu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany;
| | - Antonia Richter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Gosmann
- School of Medicine, Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Seidl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Leung
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Wendy Hayes
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Daniel Cohen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Paul Morin
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - David J Donnelly
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Daša Lipovšek
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | | | - Adam Smith
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Christina Aulehner
- School of Medicine, Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- School of Medicine, Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; and.,TranslaTUM (Zentralinstitut für translationale Krebsforschung der Technischen Universität München), Munich, Germany
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12
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Audehm S, Glaser M, Pecoraro M, Bräunlein E, Mall S, Klar R, Effenberger M, Albers J, Bianchi HDO, Peper J, Yusufi N, Busch DH, Stevanović S, Mann M, Antes I, Krackhardt AM. Key Features Relevant to Select Antigens and TCR From the MHC-Mismatched Repertoire to Treat Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1485. [PMID: 31316521 PMCID: PMC6611213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of T cells transgenic for tumor-reactive T-cell receptors (TCR) is an attractive immunotherapeutic approach. However, clinical translation is so far limited due to challenges in the identification of suitable target antigens as well as TCRs that are concurrent safe and efficient. Definition of key characteristics relevant for effective and specific tumor rejection is essential to improve current TCR-based adoptive T-cell immunotherapies. We here characterized in-depth two TCRs derived from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched allogeneic repertoire targeting two different myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived peptides presented by the same HLA-restriction element side by side comprising state of the art biochemical and cellular in vitro, in vivo, and in silico experiments. In vitro experiments reveal comparable functional avidities, off-rates, and cytotoxic activities for both TCRs. However, we observed differences especially with respect to cytokine secretion and cross-reactivity as well as in vivo activity. Biochemical and in silico analyses demonstrate different binding qualities of MPO-peptides to the HLA-complex determining TCR qualities. We conclude from our biochemical and in silico analyses of peptide-HLA-binding that rigid and high-affinity binding of peptides is one of the most important factors for isolation of TCRs with high specificity and tumor rejection capacity from the MHC-mismatched repertoire. Based on our results, we developed a workflow for selection of such TCRs with high potency and safety profile suitable for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Audehm
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Glaser
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department for Biosciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Matteo Pecoraro
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eva Bräunlein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Mall
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Klar
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Effenberger
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Albers
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrique de Oliveira Bianchi
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Janet Peper
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nahid Yusufi
- Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Stevanović
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Tübingen, Germany.,Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department for Biosciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Albers JJ, Ammon T, Gosmann D, Audehm S, Thoene S, Winter C, Secci R, Wolf A, Stelzl A, Steiger K, Ruland J, Bassermann F, Kupatt C, Anton M, Krackhardt AM. Gene editing enables T-cell engineering to redirect antigen specificity for potent tumor rejection. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/2/e201900367. [PMID: 30877233 PMCID: PMC6421629 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted integration of a tumor-reactive T-cell receptor into the TRAC locus using CRISPR-Cas9 and AAV6 redirects primary human T cells against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Adoptive transfer of TCR transgenic T cells holds great promise for treating various cancers. So far, mainly semi-randomly integrating vectors have been used to genetically modify T cells. These carry the risk of insertional mutagenesis, and the sole addition of an exogenous TCR potentially results in the mispairing of TCR chains with endogenous ones. Established approaches using nonviral vectors, such as transposons, already reduce the risk of insertional mutagenesis but have not accomplished site-specific integration. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 RNPs and adeno-associated virus 6 for gene targeting to deliver an engineered TCR gene specifically to the TCR alpha constant locus, thus placing it under endogenous transcriptional control. Our data demonstrate that this approach replaces the endogenous TCR, functionally redirects the edited T cells’ specificity in vitro, and facilitates potent tumor rejection in an in vivo xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian J Albers
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Ammon
- Experimental Hematology Group, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Gosmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Audehm
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Thoene
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Winter
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramona Secci
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Wolf
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Stelzl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner-Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Anton
- Institut für Molekulare Immunologie und Experimentelle Onkologie und Therapieforschung, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Mayer KE, Mall S, Yusufi N, Gosmann D, Steiger K, Russelli L, Bianchi HDO, Audehm S, Wagner R, Bräunlein E, Stelzl A, Bassermann F, Weichert W, Weber W, Schwaiger M, D'Alessandria C, Krackhardt AM. T-cell functionality testing is highly relevant to developing novel immuno-tracers monitoring T cells in the context of immunotherapies and revealed CD7 as an attractive target. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:6070-6087. [PMID: 30613283 PMCID: PMC6299443 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has proven high efficacy in treating diverse cancer entities by immune checkpoint modulation and adoptive T-cell transfer. However, patterns of treatment response differ substantially from conventional therapies, and reliable surrogate markers are missing for early detection of responders versus non-responders. Current imaging techniques using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emmission-tomograpy (18F-FDG-PET) cannot discriminate, at early treatment times, between tumor progression and inflammation. Therefore, direct imaging of T cells at the tumor site represents a highly attractive tool to evaluate effective tumor rejection or evasion. Moreover, such markers may be suitable for theranostic imaging. Methods: We mainly investigated the potential of two novel pan T-cell markers, CD2 and CD7, for T-cell tracking by immuno-PET imaging. Respective antibody- and F(ab´)2 fragment-based tracers were produced and characterized, focusing on functional in vitro and in vivo T-cell analyses to exclude any impact of T-cell targeting on cell survival and antitumor efficacy. Results: T cells incubated with anti-CD2 and anti-CD7 F(ab´)2 showed no major modulation of functionality in vitro, and PET imaging provided a distinct and strong signal at the tumor site using the respective zirconium-89-labeled radiotracers. However, while T-cell tracking by anti-CD7 F(ab´)2 had no long-term impact on T-cell functionality in vivo, anti-CD2 F(ab´)2 caused severe T-cell depletion and failure of tumor rejection. Conclusion: This study stresses the importance of extended functional T-cell assays for T-cell tracer development in cancer immunotherapy imaging and proposes CD7 as a highly suitable target for T-cell immuno-PET imaging.
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15
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Spoerl S, Wäscher D, Nagel S, Peschel C, Verbeek M, Götze K, Krackhardt AM. Evaluation of the new continuous mononuclear cell collection protocol versus an older version on two different apheresis machines. Transfusion 2018; 58:1772-1780. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Spoerl
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Dagmar Wäscher
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Stefanie Nagel
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Mareike Verbeek
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Katharina Götze
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- 3rd Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
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16
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Bailey DL, Pichler BJ, Gückel B, Antoch G, Barthel H, Bhujwalla ZM, Biskup S, Biswal S, Bitzer M, Boellaard R, Braren RF, Brendle C, Brindle K, Chiti A, la Fougère C, Gillies R, Goh V, Goyen M, Hacker M, Heukamp L, Knudsen GM, Krackhardt AM, Law I, Morris JC, Nikolaou K, Nuyts J, Ordonez AA, Pantel K, Quick HH, Riklund K, Sabri O, Sattler B, Troost EGC, Zaiss M, Zender L, Beyer T. Combined PET/MRI: Global Warming-Summary Report of the 6th International Workshop on PET/MRI, March 27-29, 2017, Tübingen, Germany. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:4-20. [PMID: 28971346 PMCID: PMC5775351 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 6th annual meeting to address key issues in positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was held again in Tübingen, Germany, from March 27 to 29, 2017. Over three days of invited plenary lectures, round table discussions and dialogue board deliberations, participants critically assessed the current state of PET/MRI, both clinically and as a research tool, and attempted to chart future directions. The meeting addressed the use of PET/MRI and workflows in oncology, neurosciences, infection, inflammation and chronic pain syndromes, as well as deeper discussions about how best to characterise the tumour microenvironment, optimise the complementary information available from PET and MRI, and how advanced data mining and bioinformatics, as well as information from liquid biomarkers (circulating tumour cells and nucleic acids) and pathology, can be integrated to give a more complete characterisation of disease phenotype. Some issues that have dominated previous meetings, such as the accuracy of MR-based attenuation correction (AC) of the PET scan, were finally put to rest as having been adequately addressed for the majority of clinical situations. Likewise, the ability to standardise PET systems for use in multicentre trials was confirmed, thus removing a perceived barrier to larger clinical imaging trials. The meeting openly questioned whether PET/MRI should, in all cases, be used as a whole-body imaging modality or whether in many circumstances it would best be employed to give an in-depth study of previously identified disease in a single organ or region. The meeting concluded that there is still much work to be done in the integration of data from different fields and in developing a common language for all stakeholders involved. In addition, the participants advocated joint training and education for individuals who engage in routine PET/MRI. It was agreed that PET/MRI can enhance our understanding of normal and disrupted biology, and we are in a position to describe the in vivo nature of disease processes, metabolism, evolution of cancer and the monitoring of response to pharmacological interventions and therapies. As such, PET/MRI is a key to advancing medicine and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Bailey
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - B J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Gückel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Antoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - H Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Z M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - S Biskup
- Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 23, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Biswal
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) and Bio-X, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R F Braren
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - C Brendle
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - A Chiti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - C la Fougère
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Gillies
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33621, USA
| | - V Goh
- Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals London, London, UK
| | - M Goyen
- GE Healthcare GmbH, Beethovenstrasse 239, Solingen, Germany
| | - M Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - G M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - I Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - K Nikolaou
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Nuyts
- Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A A Ordonez
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H H Quick
- High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MR Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - K Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - O Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - B Sattler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - E G C Troost
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty of Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Zaiss
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Beyer
- QIMP Group, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering General Hospital Vienna, Medical University Vienna, 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Bräunlein E, Krackhardt AM. Identification and Characterization of Neoantigens As Well As Respective Immune Responses in Cancer Patients. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1702. [PMID: 29250075 PMCID: PMC5714868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the treatment of diverse advanced malignancies. In particular, therapeutic application of immune checkpoint modulators, such as anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, have shown efficacy in a broad range of malignant diseases. Although pharmacodynamics of these immune modulators are complex, recent studies strongly support the notion that altered peptide ligands presented on tumor cells representing neoantigens may play an essential role in tumor rejection by T cells activated by anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies. Neoantigens may have diverse sources as viral and mutated proteins. Moreover, posttranslational modifications and altered antigen processing may also contribute to the neoantigenic peptide ligand landscape. Different approaches of target identification are currently applied in combination with subsequent characterization of autologous and non-self T-cell responses against such neoantigens. Additional efforts are required to elucidate key characteristics and interdependences of neoantigens, immunodominance, respective T-cell responses, and the tumor microenvironment in order to define decisive determinants involved in effective T-cell-mediated tumor rejection. This review focuses on our current knowledge of identification and characterization of such neoantigens as well as respective T-cell responses. It closes with challenges to be addressed in future relevant for further improvement of immunotherapeutic strategies in malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bräunlein
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Audehm S, Krackhardt AM. Specific Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Oncol Res Treat 2017; 40:691-696. [PMID: 29069663 DOI: 10.1159/000484051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) represents a treatment option for a diversity of advanced hematopoietic malignancies providing hope for long-term responses especially due to immunogenic effects associated with the treatment modality. Despite respectable progress in the field, relapses and/or opportunistic infections are major reasons for the high treatment-related mortality. However, a number of novel immunotherapeutic approaches using defined cell populations have been developed to directly target residual malignant cells as well as defined infectious diseases. We here provide an overview of current adoptive cellular immunotherapies in the context of allo-HSCT and close with an outlook on new directions within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Audehm
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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19
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Bräunlein E, Krackhardt AM. Tools to define the melanoma-associated immunopeptidome. Immunology 2017; 152:536-544. [PMID: 28755382 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have been traditionally applied in malignant melanoma, which represent one of the most immunogenic tumours. Recently, immune checkpoint modulation has shown high therapeutic efficacy and may provide long-term survival in a significant proportion of affected patients. T cells are the major players in tumour rejection and recognize tumour cells predominantly in an MHC-dependent way. The immunopeptidome comprises the peptide repertoire presented by MHC class I and II molecules on the surface of the body's cells including tumour cells. To understand characteristics of suitable rejection antigens as well as respective effective T-cell responses, determination of the immunopeptidome is of utmost importance. Suitable rejection antigens need to be further characterized and validated not only to systematically improve current therapeutic approaches, but also to develop individualized treatment options. In this review, we report on current tools to explore the immunopeptidome in human melanoma and discuss current understanding and future developments to specifically detect and select those antigens that may be most relevant and promising for effective tumour rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bräunlein
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Wisskirchen K, Metzger K, Schreiber S, Asen T, Weigand L, Dargel C, Witter K, Kieback E, Sprinzl MF, Uckert W, Schiemann M, Busch DH, Krackhardt AM, Protzer U. Isolation and functional characterization of hepatitis B virus-specific T-cell receptors as new tools for experimental and clinical use. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182936. [PMID: 28792537 PMCID: PMC5549754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell therapy of chronic hepatitis B is a novel approach to restore antiviral T-cell immunity and cure the infection. We aimed at identifying T-cell receptors (TCR) with high functional avidity that have the potential to be used for adoptive T-cell therapy. To this end, we cloned HLA-A*02-restricted, hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T cells from patients with acute or resolved HBV infection. We isolated 11 envelope- or core-specific TCRs and evaluated them in comprehensive functional analyses. T cells were genetically modified by retroviral transduction to express HBV-specific TCRs. CD8+ as well as CD4+ T cells became effector T cells recognizing even picomolar concentrations of cognate peptide. TCR-transduced T cells were polyfunctional, secreting the cytokines interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-2, and effectively killed hepatoma cells replicating HBV. Notably, our collection of HBV-specific TCRs recognized peptides derived from HBV genotypes A, B, C and D presented on different HLA-A*02 subtypes common in areas with high HBV prevalence. When co-cultured with HBV-infected cells, TCR-transduced T cells rapidly reduced viral markers within two days. Our unique set of HBV-specific TCRs with different affinities represents an interesting tool for elucidating mechanisms of TCR-MHC interaction and dissecting specific anti-HBV mechanisms exerted by T cells. TCRs with high functional avidity might be suited to redirect T cells for adoptive T-cell therapy of chronic hepatitis B and HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wisskirchen
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail: (UP); (KW)
| | - Kai Metzger
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Schreiber
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Asen
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Luise Weigand
- III. Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Dargel
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Witter
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Kieback
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin F. Sprinzl
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Focus Groups “Viral Hepatitis” and “Clinical Cell Processing and Purification”, Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München / Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich partner site, Munich, Germany
- Focus Groups “Viral Hepatitis” and “Clinical Cell Processing and Purification”, Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail: (UP); (KW)
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21
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Yusufi N, Mall S, Bianchi HDO, Steiger K, Reder S, Klar R, Audehm S, Mustafa M, Nekolla S, Peschel C, Schwaiger M, Krackhardt AM, D`Alessandria C. In-depth Characterization of a TCR-specific Tracer for Sensitive Detection of Tumor-directed Transgenic T Cells by Immuno-PET. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:2402-2416. [PMID: 28744323 PMCID: PMC5525745 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of different technologies have been developed to monitor in vivo the distribution of gene-modified T cells used in immunotherapy. Nevertheless, in-depth characterization of novel approaches with respect to sensitivity and clinical applicability are so far missing. We have previously described a novel method to track engineered human T cells in tumors using 89Zr-Df-aTCRmu-F(ab')2 targeting the murinized part of the TCR beta domain (TCRmu) of a transgenic TCR. Here, we performed an in-depth in vitro characterization of the tracer in terms of antigen affinity, immunoreactivity, influence on T-cell functionality and stability in vitro and in vivo. Of particular interest, we have developed diverse experimental settings to quantify TCR-transgenic T cells in vivo. Local application of 89Zr-Df-aTCRmu-F(ab')2-labeled T cells in a spot-assay revealed signal detection down to approximately 1.8x104 cells. In a more clinically relevant model, NSG mice were intravenously injected with different numbers of transgenic T cells, followed by injection of the 89Zr-Df-aTCRmu-F(ab')2 tracer, PET/CT imaging and subsequent ex vivo T-cell quantification in the tumor. Using this setting, we defined a comparable detection limit of 1.0x104 T cells. PET signals correlated well to total numbers of transgenic T cells detected ex vivo independently of the engraftment rates observed in different individual experiments. Thus, these findings confirm the high sensitivity of our novel PET/CT T-cell tracking method and provide critical information about the quantity of transgenic T cells in the tumor environment suggesting our technology being highly suitable for further clinical translation.
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22
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Bassani-Sternberg M, Bräunlein E, Klar R, Engleitner T, Sinitcyn P, Audehm S, Straub M, Weber J, Slotta-Huspenina J, Specht K, Martignoni ME, Werner A, Hein R, H. Busch D, Peschel C, Rad R, Cox J, Mann M, Krackhardt AM. Direct identification of clinically relevant neoepitopes presented on native human melanoma tissue by mass spectrometry. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13404. [PMID: 27869121 PMCID: PMC5121339 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mutations may represent attractive targets for immunotherapy, direct identification of mutated peptide ligands isolated from human leucocyte antigens (HLA) on the surface of native tumour tissue has so far not been successful. Using advanced mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we survey the melanoma-associated immunopeptidome to a depth of 95,500 patient-presented peptides. We thereby discover a large spectrum of attractive target antigen candidates including cancer testis antigens and phosphopeptides. Most importantly, we identify peptide ligands presented on native tumour tissue samples harbouring somatic mutations. Four of eleven mutated ligands prove to be immunogenic by neoantigen-specific T-cell responses. Moreover, tumour-reactive T cells with specificity for selected neoantigens identified by MS are detected in the patient's tumour and peripheral blood. We conclude that direct identification of mutated peptide ligands from primary tumour material by MS is possible and yields true neoepitopes with high relevance for immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bassani-Sternberg
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Eva Bräunlein
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Richard Klar
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- IInd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Pavel Sinitcyn
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Stefan Audehm
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Melanie Straub
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Julia Weber
- IInd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Julia Slotta-Huspenina
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- MRI-TUM-Biobank at the Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Katja Specht
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Marc E. Martignoni
- Surgery Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Angelika Werner
- Surgery Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hein
- Dermatology Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str 29, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 30, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- IInd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jürgen Cox
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- IIIrd Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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23
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Spoerl S, Peter R, Wäscher D, Götze K, Verbeek M, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. Patients' outcome after rescue plerixafor administration for autologous stem cell mobilization: a single‐center retrospective analysis. Transfusion 2016; 57:115-121. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Spoerl
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Robert Peter
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Dagmar Wäscher
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Katharina Götze
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Mareike Verbeek
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Hematology and OncologyKlinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMünchen Germany
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24
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Schirmer D, Klar R, Schmidt O, Wohlleber D, Uckert W, Thiel U, Bohne F, Busch DH, Krackhardt AM, Burdach S, Richter GH. Abstract 3202: Transgenic antigen-specific, HLA-A*02:01-allo-restricted cytotoxic T cells recognize tumor-associated target antigen STEAP1 with high specificity. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pediatric cancers, including Ewing sarcoma (ES), are only weakly immunogenic and the tumor-patients immune system often is devoid of effector T cells for tumor elimination. Based on expression profiling technology targetable tumor associated antigens (TAA) are identified and exploited for engineered T cell therapy. Here, the specific recognition and lytic potential of transgenic, allo-restricted CD8+ T cells directed against the ES-associated antigen STEAP1 was examined.
Methods: Following repetitive STEAP1130 peptide-driven stimulations with HLA-A*02:01+ dendritic cells, allo-restricted HLA-A*02:01- CD8+ T cells were sorted with HLA-A*02:01/peptide multimers and expanded by limiting dilution. After functional analysis of suitable T cell clones via ELISpot, flow cytometry and xCELLigence assay, TCR α- and β-chains were identified. They were cloned into retroviral vectors, codon optimized, transfected into HLA-A*02:01- primary T cell populations and tested again for specificity and lytic capacity in vitro and in a Rag2-/-γc-/- mouse model.
Results: Initially generated and transgenic T cells specifically recognized STEAP1130-pulsed or transfected cells in the context of HLA-A*02:01 with minimal cross-reactivity as determined by specific IFNγ release. They lysed cells and inhibited growth of HLA-A*02:01+ ES lines more effectively than HLA-A*02:01- ES lines. In vivo tumor growth was inhibited more effective with transgenic STEAP1130-specific T cells than with unspecific T cells.
Conclusion: Our results identify TCRs capable of recognizing and inhibiting growth of STEAP1 expressing HLA-A*02:01+ ES cells in vitro and in vivo in a highly restricted manner. As STEAP1 is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, we anticipate these STEAP1-specific TCRs to be potentially useful for immunotherapy of other STEAP1 expressing tumors.
Citation Format: David Schirmer, Richard Klar, Oxana Schmidt, Dirk Wohlleber, Wolfgang Uckert, Uwe Thiel, Felix Bohne, Dirk H. Busch, Angela M. Krackhardt, Stefan Burdach, Günther H. Richter. Transgenic antigen-specific, HLA-A*02:01-allo-restricted cytotoxic T cells recognize tumor-associated target antigen STEAP1 with high specificity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3202.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schirmer
- 1Children's Cancer Research Center and Dept of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Richard Klar
- 2Medical Department III, Hematology and Oncology, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Oxana Schmidt
- 1Children's Cancer Research Center and Dept of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- 3Institute of Molecular Immunology/Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- 4Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- 1Children's Cancer Research Center and Dept of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Felix Bohne
- 5Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- 6Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- 2Medical Department III, Hematology and Oncology, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- 1Children's Cancer Research Center and Dept of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
| | - Günther H. Richter
- 1Children's Cancer Research Center and Dept of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, CCCM Munich - Comprehensive Cancer Center and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), München, Germany
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25
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Mall S, Yusufi N, Wagner R, Klar R, Bianchi H, Steiger K, Straub M, Audehm S, Laitinen I, Aichler M, Peschel C, Ziegler S, Mustafa M, Schwaiger M, D'Alessandria C, Krackhardt AM. Immuno-PET Imaging of Engineered Human T Cells in Tumors. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4113-23. [PMID: 27354381 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive in vivo imaging technologies applicable to the clinical setting are still lacking for adoptive T-cell-based immunotherapies, an important gap to fill if mechanisms of tumor rejection or escape are to be understood. Here, we propose a highly sensitive imaging technology to track human TCR-transgenic T cells in vivo by directly targeting the murinized constant TCR beta domain (TCRmu) with a zirconium-89 ((89)Zr)-labeled anti-TCRmu-F(ab')2 fragment. Binding of the labeled or unlabeled F(ab')2 fragment did not impair functionality of transgenic T cells in vitro and in vivo Using a murine xenograft model of human myeloid sarcoma, we monitored by Immuno-PET imaging human central memory T cells (TCM), which were transgenic for a myeloid peroxidase (MPO)-specific TCR. Diverse T-cell distribution patterns were detected by PET/CT imaging, depending on the tumor size and rejection phase. Results were confirmed by IHC and semiquantitative evaluation of T-cell infiltration within the tumor corresponding to the PET/CT images. Overall, these findings offer a preclinical proof of concept for an imaging approach that is readily tractable for clinical translation. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4113-23. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mall
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nahid Yusufi
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ricarda Wagner
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Klar
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrique Bianchi
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Straub
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Audehm
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Iina Laitinen
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mona Mustafa
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany. Clinical Cooperation Group Antigen Specific T-Cell Therapy, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
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26
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Schirmer D, Grünewald TGP, Klar R, Schmidt O, Wohlleber D, Rubío RA, Uckert W, Thiel U, Bohne F, Busch DH, Krackhardt AM, Burdach S, Richter GHS. Transgenic antigen-specific, HLA-A*02:01-allo-restricted cytotoxic T cells recognize tumor-associated target antigen STEAP1 with high specificity. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1175795. [PMID: 27471654 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1175795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric cancers, including Ewing sarcoma (ES), are only weakly immunogenic and the tumor-patients' immune system often is devoid of effector T cells for tumor elimination. Based on expression profiling technology, targetable tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are identified and exploited for engineered T-cell therapy. Here, the specific recognition and lytic potential of transgenic allo-restricted CD8(+) T cells, directed against the ES-associated antigen 6-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), was examined. Following repetitive STEAP1(130) peptide-driven stimulations with HLA-A*02:01(+) dendritic cells (DC), allo-restricted HLA-A*02:01(-) CD8(+) T cells were sorted with HLA-A*02:01/peptide multimers and expanded by limiting dilution. After functional analysis of suitable T cell clones via ELISpot, flow cytometry and xCELLigence assay, T cell receptors' (TCR) α- and β-chains were identified, cloned into retroviral vectors, codon optimized, transfected into HLA-A*02:01(-) primary T cell populations and tested again for specificity and lytic capacity in vitro and in a Rag2(-/-)γc(-/-) mouse model. Initially generated transgenic T cells specifically recognized STEAP1(130)-pulsed or transfected cells in the context of HLA-A*02:01 with minimal cross-reactivity as determined by specific interferon-γ (IFNγ) release, lysed cells and inhibited growth of HLA-A*02:01(+) ES lines more effectively than HLA-A*02:01(-) ES lines. In vivo tumor growth was inhibited more effectively with transgenic STEAP1(130)-specific T cells than with unspecific T cells. Our results identify TCRs capable of recognizing and inhibiting growth of STEAP1-expressing HLA-A*02:01(+) ES cells in vitro and in vivo in a highly restricted manner. As STEAP1 is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, we anticipate these STEAP1-specific TCRs to be potentially useful for immunotherapy of other STEAP1-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schirmer
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM) , Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Laboratory for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology of the LMU Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Klar
- Medical Department III, Hematology and Oncology , Munich, Germany
| | - Oxana Schmidt
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM) , Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology/Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich, Germany
| | - Rebeca Alba Rubío
- Laboratory for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology of the LMU Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine , Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM) , Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Bohne
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München , Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Burdach
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM) , Munich, Germany
| | - Günther H S Richter
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM) , Munich, Germany
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27
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Hofmann L, Forschner A, Loquai C, Goldinger SM, Zimmer L, Ugurel S, Schmidgen MI, Gutzmer R, Utikal JS, Göppner D, Hassel JC, Meier F, Tietze JK, Thomas I, Weishaupt C, Leverkus M, Wahl R, Dietrich U, Garbe C, Kirchberger MC, Eigentler T, Berking C, Gesierich A, Krackhardt AM, Schadendorf D, Schuler G, Dummer R, Heinzerling LM. Cutaneous, gastrointestinal, hepatic, endocrine, and renal side-effects of anti-PD-1 therapy. Eur J Cancer 2016; 60:190-209. [PMID: 27085692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibodies represent an effective treatment option for metastatic melanoma as well as for other cancer entities. They act via blockade of the PD-1 receptor, an inhibitor of the T-cell effector mechanisms that limit immune responses against tumours. As reported for ipilimumab, the anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These side-effects affect skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, endocrine system and other organ systems. Since life-threatening and fatal irAEs have been reported, adequate diagnosis and management are essential. METHODS AND FINDINGS In total, 496 patients with metastatic melanoma from 15 skin cancer centers were treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab; 242 side-effects were described in 138 patients. In 116 of the 138 patients, side-effects affected the skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, endocrine, and renal system. Rare side-effects included diabetes mellitus, lichen planus, and pancreas insufficiency due to pancreatitis. CONCLUSION Anti-PD1 antibodies can induce a plethora of irAEs. The knowledge of them will allow prompt diagnosis and improve the management resulting in decreased morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hofmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carmen Loquai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Selma Ugurel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Jochen S Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Göppner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica C Hassel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Julia K Tietze
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany
| | - Ioannis Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carsten Weishaupt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Leverkus
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Renate Wahl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Ursula Dietrich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Dresden, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael C Kirchberger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Gesierich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucie M Heinzerling
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany.
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28
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Zimmer L, Goldinger SM, Hofmann L, Loquai C, Ugurel S, Thomas I, Schmidgen MI, Gutzmer R, Utikal JS, Göppner D, Hassel JC, Meier F, Tietze JK, Forschner A, Weishaupt C, Leverkus M, Wahl R, Dietrich U, Garbe C, Kirchberger MC, Eigentler T, Berking C, Gesierich A, Krackhardt AM, Schadendorf D, Schuler G, Dummer R, Heinzerling LM. Neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, cardiac and ocular side-effects of anti-PD-1 therapy. Eur J Cancer 2016; 60:210-25. [PMID: 27084345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibodies represent an effective treatment option for metastatic melanoma and other cancer entities. They act via blockade of the PD-1 receptor, an inhibitor of the T-cell effector mechanisms that limit immune responses against tumours. As reported for ipilimumab, the anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These side-effects can involve skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, the endocrine system and other organ systems. Since life-threatening and fatal irAEs have been reported, adequate diagnosis and management are essential. METHODS AND FINDINGS In total, 496 patients with metastatic melanoma from 15 skin cancer centres were treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab. Two hundred forty two side-effects in 138 patients have been analysed. In 77 of the 138 patients side-effects affected the nervous system, respiratory tract, musculoskeletal system, heart, blood and eyes. Not yet reported side-effects such as meningo-(radiculitis), polyradiculitis, cardiac arrhythmia, asystolia, and paresis have been observed. Rare and difficult to manage side-effects such as myasthenia gravis are described in detail. CONCLUSION Anti-PD-1 antibodies can induce a plethora of irAEs. The knowledge of them will allow prompt diagnosis and improve the management resulting in decreased morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Lars Hofmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Carmen Loquai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Mainz, Germany
| | - Selma Ugurel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Ioannis Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Jochen S Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Göppner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica C Hassel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Julia K Tietze
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Leverkus
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Renate Wahl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Ursula Dietrich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Dresden, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael C Kirchberger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Germany
| | - Anja Gesierich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Technische Universität München (TUM) Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucie M Heinzerling
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany.
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Anastasov N, Höfig I, Mall S, Krackhardt AM, Thirion C. Optimized Lentiviral Transduction Protocols by Use of a Poloxamer Enhancer, Spinoculation, and scFv-Antibody Fusions to VSV-G. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1448:49-61. [PMID: 27317172 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3753-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors (LV) are widely used to successfully transduce cells for research and clinical applications. This optimized LV infection protocol includes a nontoxic poloxamer-based adjuvant combined with antibody-retargeted lentiviral particles. The novel poloxamer P338 demonstrates superior characteristics for enhancing lentiviral transduction over the best-in-class polybrene-assisted transduction. Poloxamer P338 exhibited dual benefits of low toxicity and high efficiency of lentiviral gene delivery into a range of different primary cell cultures. One of the major advantages of P338 is its availability in pharma grade and applicability as cell culture medium additive in clinical protocols. Lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) can be produced to high titers and mediate high transduction efficiencies in vitro. For clinical applications the need for optimized transduction protocols, especially for transduction of primary T and stem cells, is high. The successful use of retronectin, the second lentivirus enhancer available as GMP material, requires the application of specific coating protocols not applicable in all processes, and results in the need of a relatively high multiplicity of infection (MOI) to achieve effective transduction efficiencies for hematopoietic cells (e.g., CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells). Cell specificity of lentiviral vectors was successfully increased by displaying different ratios of scFv-fused VSV-G glycoproteins on the viral envelope. The system has been validated with human CD30+ lymphoma cells, resulting in preferential gene delivery to CD30+ cells, which was increased fourfold in mixed cell cultures, by presenting scFv antibody fragments binding to respective surface markers. A combination of spinoculation and poloxamer-based chemical adjuvant increases the transduction of primary T-cells by greater than twofold. The combination of poloxamer-based and scFv-retargeted LVs increased transduction of CD30+ lymphoma cells more than tenfold, and has the potential to improve clinical protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Anastasov
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Ines Höfig
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Mall
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Thirion
- SIRION Biotech GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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30
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Dargel C, Bassani-Sternberg M, Hasreiter J, Zani F, Bockmann JH, Thiele F, Bohne F, Wisskirchen K, Wilde S, Sprinzl MF, Schendel DJ, Krackhardt AM, Uckert W, Wohlleber D, Schiemann M, Stemmer K, Heikenwälder M, Busch DH, Richter G, Mann M, Protzer U. T Cells Engineered to Express a T-Cell Receptor Specific for Glypican-3 to Recognize and Kill Hepatoma Cells In Vitro and in Mice. Gastroenterology 2015; 149:1042-52. [PMID: 26052074 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer therapies are being developed based on our ability to direct T cells against tumor antigens. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is expressed by 75% of all hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), but not in healthy liver tissue or other organs. We aimed to generate T cells with GPC3-specific receptors that recognize HCC and used them to eliminate GPC3-expressing xenograft tumors grown from human HCC cells in mice. METHODS We used mass spectrometry to obtain a comprehensive peptidome from GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells after immune-affinity purification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and bioinformatics to identify immunodominant peptides. To circumvent GPC3 tolerance resulting from fetal expression, dendritic cells from HLA-A2-negative donors were cotransfected with GPC3 and HLA-A2 RNA to stimulate and expand antigen-specific T cells. RESULTS Peptide GPC3367 was identified as a predominant peptide on HLA-A2. We used A2-GPC3367 multimers to detect, select for, and clone GPC3-specific T cells. These clones bound the A2-GPC3367 multimer and secreted interferon-γ when cultured with GPC3367, but not with control peptide-loaded cells. By genomic sequencing of these T-cell clones, we identified a gene encoding a dominant T-cell receptor. The gene was cloned and the sequence was codon optimized and expressed from a retroviral vector. Primary CD8(+) T cells that expressed the transgenic T-cell receptor specifically bound GPC3367 on HLA-A2. These T cells killed GPC3-expressing hepatoma cells in culture and slowed growth of HCC xenograft tumors in mice. CONCLUSIONS We identified a GPC3367-specific T-cell receptor. Expression of this receptor by T cells allows them to recognize and kill GPC3-positive hepatoma cells. This finding could be used to advance development of adoptive T-cell therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dargel
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | | | - Julia Hasreiter
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Fabio Zani
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Garching, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Bockmann
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany
| | - Frank Thiele
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany
| | - Felix Bohne
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Karin Wisskirchen
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Susanne Wilde
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Martin F Sprinzl
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dolores J Schendel
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; 3rd Medical Department, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Institute of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Günther Richter
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Groups Antigen Specific Immunotherapy and Immune Monitoring, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany.
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31
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Hoffmann T, Krackhardt AM, Antes I. Quantitative Analysis of the Association Angle between T-cell Receptor Vα/Vβ Domains Reveals Important Features for Epitope Recognition. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004244. [PMID: 26185983 PMCID: PMC4505886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptors (TCR) play an important role in the adaptive immune system as they recognize pathogen- or cancer-based epitopes and thus initiate the cell-mediated immune response. Therefore there exists a growing interest in the optimization of TCRs for medical purposes like adoptive T-cell therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms behind T-cell signaling are still predominantly unknown. For small sets of TCRs it was observed that the angle between their Vα- and Vβ-domains, which bind the epitope, can vary and might be important for epitope recognition. Here we present a comprehensive, quantitative study of the variation in the Vα/Vβ interdomain-angle and its influence on epitope recognition, performing a systematic bioinformatics analysis based on a representative set of experimental TCR structures. For this purpose we developed a new, cuboid-based superpositioning method, which allows a unique, quantitative analysis of the Vα/Vβ-angles. Angle-based clustering led to six significantly different clusters. Analysis of these clusters revealed the unexpected result that the angle is predominantly influenced by the TCR-clonotype, whereas the bound epitope has only a minor influence. Furthermore we could identify a previously unknown center of rotation (CoR), which is shared by all TCRs. All TCR geometries can be obtained by rotation around this center, rendering it a new, common TCR feature with the potential of improving the accuracy of TCR structure prediction considerably. The importance of Vα/Vβ rotation for signaling was confirmed as we observed larger variances in the Vα/Vβ-angles in unbound TCRs compared to epitope-bound TCRs. Our results strongly support a two-step mechanism for TCR-epitope: First, preformation of a flexible TCR geometry in the unbound state and second, locking of the Vα/Vβ-angle in a TCR-type specific geometry upon epitope-MHC association, the latter being driven by rotation around the unique center of rotation. The recognition of antigenic peptides by cytotoxic T-cells is one of the crucial steps during the adaptive immune response. Thus a detailed understanding of this process is not only important for elucidating the mechanism behind T-cell signaling, but also for various emerging new medical applications like T-cell based immunotherapies and designed bio-therapeutics. However, despite the fast growing interest in this field, the mechanistic basis of the immune response is still largely unknown. Previous qualitative studies suggested that the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vα/Vβ-interdomain angle plays a crucial role in epitope recognition as it predetermines the relative position of its antigen-recognizing CDR1-3 loops and thus TCR specificity. In the manuscript we present a systematic bioinformatic analysis of the structural characteristics of bound and unbound TCR molecules focusing on the Vα/Vβ-angle. Our results demonstrate the importance of this angle for signaling, as several distinct Vα/Vβ-angle based structural clusters could be observed and larger angle flexibilities exist for unbound TCRs than for bound TCRs, providing quantitative proof for a two-step locking mechanism upon epitope recognition. In this context, we could identify a unique rotational point, which allows a quantitative, yet intuitive description of all observed angle variations and the structural changes upon epitope binding.
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MESH Headings
- Binding Sites
- Computer Simulation
- Epitope Mapping/methods
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/ultrastructure
- Models, Chemical
- Models, Immunological
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hoffmann
- Department of Biosciences and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich,Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Angela M. Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Hämatologie und Onkologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group, Antigen specific T cell therapy, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), German Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Department of Biosciences and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich,Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Spoerl S, Peter R, Wäscher D, Verbeek M, Menzel H, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. Long-term experiences in cryopreservation of mobilized peripheral blood stem cells using a closed-bag system: a technology with potential for broader application. Transfusion 2015; 55:2702-8. [PMID: 26172379 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In several European countries, preparation of cellular products with open manufacturing systems as used for cryopreservation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) needs to be performed in a clean-room facility. However, this form of manufacturing is highly expensive and laborious. Thus, safe techniques providing improved efficacy regarding time and material, which are in accordance with legal requirements are highly desirable. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We have developed, validated, and applied a simple method for cryopreservation of PBSCs within a functionally closed-bag system using the closed cryo freeze prep set. This process fulfills good manufacturing practice requirements and allows for the cryopreservation of PBSCs without a clean-room facility. In addition to cryopreservation of PBSCs, we have recently successfully modified our system for processing, portioning, and cryopreservation of allogeneic donor lymphocytes. RESULTS Since 2010, cryopreservation of PBSCs using a closed-bag system has been performed in our facility on a routine basis and 210 patients and healthy donors have been included in this analysis. No significant reduction in viability of CD34+ cells and no process-related contamination were observed. Outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation regarding time of engraftment and infectious complications is comparable to products manufactured in conventional clean-room facilities. CONCLUSION Our data confirm that cryopreservation of PBSCs within a functionally closed-bag system is safe, effective, and economical. Furthermore, the system has the potential to be extended to other manufacturing processes of cellular products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Spoerl
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Robert Peter
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wäscher
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Mareike Verbeek
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Helge Menzel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, St Franziskus-Hospital, Malteser Norddeutschland, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
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Weber JS, D'Angelo SP, Minor D, Hodi FS, Gutzmer R, Neyns B, Hoeller C, Khushalani NI, Miller WH, Lao CD, Linette GP, Thomas L, Lorigan P, Grossmann KF, Hassel JC, Maio M, Sznol M, Ascierto PA, Mohr P, Chmielowski B, Bryce A, Svane IM, Grob JJ, Krackhardt AM, Horak C, Lambert A, Yang AS, Larkin J. Nivolumab versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma who progressed after anti-CTLA-4 treatment (CheckMate 037): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:375-84. [PMID: 25795410 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)70076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1978] [Impact Index Per Article: 219.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, can result in durable responses in patients with melanoma who have progressed after ipilimumab and BRAF inhibitors. We assessed the efficacy and safety of nivolumab compared with investigator's choice of chemotherapy (ICC) as a second-line or later-line treatment in patients with advanced melanoma. METHODS In this randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial, we recruited patients at 90 sites in 14 countries. Eligible patients were 18 years or older, had unresectable or metastatic melanoma, and progressed after ipilimumab, or ipilimumab and a BRAF inhibitor if they were BRAF(V 600) mutation-positive. Participating investigators randomly assigned (with an interactive voice response system) patients 2:1 to receive an intravenous infusion of nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks or ICC (dacarbazine 1000 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks or paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) combined with carboplatin area under the curve 6 every 3 weeks) until progression or unacceptable toxic effects. We stratified randomisation by BRAF mutation status, tumour expression of PD-L1, and previous best overall response to ipilimumab. We used permuted blocks (block size of six) within each stratum. Primary endpoints were the proportion of patients who had an objective response and overall survival. Treatment was given open-label, but those doing tumour assessments were masked to treatment assignment. We assessed objective responses per-protocol after 120 patients had been treated with nivolumab and had a minimum follow-up of 24 weeks, and safety in all patients who had had at least one dose of treatment. The trial is closed and this is the first interim analysis, reporting the objective response primary endpoint. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01721746. FINDINGS Between Dec 21, 2012, and Jan 10, 2014, we screened 631 patients, randomly allocating 272 patients to nivolumab and 133 to ICC. Confirmed objective responses were reported in 38 (31·7%, 95% CI 23·5-40·8) of the first 120 patients in the nivolumab group versus five (10·6%, 3·5-23·1) of 47 patients in the ICC group. Grade 3-4 adverse events related to nivolumab included increased lipase (three [1%] of 268 patients), increased alanine aminotransferase, anaemia, and fatigue (two [1%] each); for ICC, these included neutropenia (14 [14%] of 102), thrombocytopenia (six [6%]), and anaemia (five [5%]). We noted grade 3-4 drug-related serious adverse events in 12 (5%) nivolumab-treated patients and nine (9%) patients in the ICC group. No treatment-related deaths occurred. INTERPRETATION Nivolumab led to a greater proportion of patients achieving an objective response and fewer toxic effects than with alternative available chemotherapy regimens for patients with advanced melanoma that has progressed after ipilimumab or ipilimumab and a BRAF inhibitor. Nivolumab represents a new treatment option with clinically meaningful durable objective responses in a population of high unmet need. FUNDING Bristol-Myers Squibb.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra P D'Angelo
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Minor
- California Pacific Center for Melanoma Research, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bart Neyns
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Wilson H Miller
- Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Luc Thomas
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jessica C Hassel
- German Cancer Research Centre University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michele Maio
- Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Peter Mohr
- Elbe Kliniken Buxtehude, Buxtehude, Germany
| | | | - Alan Bryce
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Inge M Svane
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Angela M Krackhardt
- Technische Universität München School of Medicine, II Medical Department, Munich, Germany
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Richard K, Schober S, Rami M, Mall S, Merl J, Slotta-Huspenina J, Stevanovic S, Busch DH, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. P69. Targeting naturally presented, leukemia-derived HLA ligands with TCR-transgenic T cells for the treatment of therapy refractory leukemias. J Immunother Cancer 2014. [PMCID: PMC4071991 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-2-s2-p43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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35
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Höfig I, Atkinson MJ, Mall S, Krackhardt AM, Thirion C, Anastasov N. Poloxamer synperonic F108 improves cellular transduction with lentiviral vectors. J Gene Med 2013; 14:549-60. [PMID: 22887595 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lentiviral transduction methods are widely used, their broader application is dependent upon the optimization of lentiviral transduction efficiency for a broad range of cell types. In the present study, we focus on the evaluation of two chemical classes with respect to their ability to increase lentiviral transduction without cytotoxicity. METHODS We compared the activity of adjuvants that are already used for lentivirus delivery with that of novel adjuvants selected on the basis of their chemical and physical characteristics. RESULTS The novel poloxamer synperonic F108 demonstrated superior characteristics for enhancing lentiviral transduction over the best-in-class polybrene-assisted transduction. The results revealed that poloxamer synperonic F108 exhibited the dual benefits of low toxicity and a high efficiency of lentiviral gene delivery into a range of different primary cell cultures. In the presence of poloxamer synperonic F108, cells showed an increased propidium dye influx indicating a re-organization of membrane microstructures accompanying lentivirus uptake. The administration of a mixture of poloxamer synperonic F108 with polybrene further enhanced lentiviral transduction rates. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in the present study indicate that a contribution to efficiency is made by each adjuvant, with polybrene acting as a charge protector and poloxamer synperonic F108 as a membrane modulator. Therefore, poloxamer synperonic F108, either alone or in combination, can lead to the optimization of large-scale lentiviral transduction approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Höfig
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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36
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Weigand LU, Liang X, Schmied S, Mall S, Klar R, Stötzer OJ, Salat C, Götze K, Mautner J, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. Isolation of human MHC class II-restricted T cell receptors from the autologous T-cell repertoire with potent anti-leukaemic reactivity. Immunology 2012; 137:226-38. [PMID: 23025755 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of T cells genetically modified with tumour-specific T-cell receptors (TCR) is a promising novel approach in the treatment of cancer. We have previously isolated an allorestricted MHC class I-restricted TCR with specificity for Formin-like protein 1 (FMNL1) with potent activity against chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. CD4(+) T cells have been described to be highly important for tumour elimination although TCR derived from CD4(+) T cells with anti-tumour reactivity have been only rarely described. In this study we aimed to isolate MHC class-II-restricted CD4(+) T cells and TCR with specificity for leukaemia antigens. We used professional antigen-presenting cells pulsed with the leukaemia-associated and tumour-associated antigen FMNL1 for stimulation of autologous T cells in vitro. We isolated two CD4(+) HLA-DR-restricted T-cell clones and T-cell-derived TCR with so far unknown specificity but high reactivity against lymphoma cells and native malignant cells derived from HLA-matched patients with diverse leukaemias. Moreover, characterization of the TCR after TCR gene transfer revealed that specific characteristics of isolated TCR as reactivity in response to Toll-like receptors were transferable on effector cells. Our results have a major impact on the development of novel immunotherapies. They demonstrate that TCR with potent HLA-DR-restricted anti-leukaemic reactivity against so far undefined self-restricted antigens can be isolated from the healthy autorestricted CD4(+) T-cell repertoire and these TCR are highly interesting candidate tools for novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise U Weigand
- Medizinische Klinik III, Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Hämatologie und Onkologie, Technische Universität München, Münich
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Han Y, Yu G, Sarioglu H, Caballero-Martinez A, Schlott F, Ueffing M, Haase H, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. Proteomic investigation of the interactome of FMNL1 in hematopoietic cells unveils a role in calcium-dependent membrane plasticity. J Proteomics 2012. [PMID: 23182705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is a formin-related protein highly expressed in hematopoietic cells and overexpressed in leukemias as well as diverse transformed cell lines. It has been described to play a role in diverse functions of hematopoietic cells such as phagocytosis of macrophages as well as polarization and cytotoxicity of T cells. However, the specific role of FMNL1 in these processes has not been clarified yet and regulation by interaction partners in primary hematopoietic cells has never been investigated. We performed a proteomic screen for investigation of the interactome of FMNL1 in primary hematopoietic cells resulting in the identification of a number of interaction partners. Bioinformatic analysis considering semantic similarity suggested the giant protein AHNAK1 to be an essential interaction partner of FMNL1. We confirmed AHNAK1 as a general binding partner for FMNL1 in diverse hematopoietic cells and demonstrate that the N-terminal part of FMNL1 binds to the C-terminus of AHNAK1. Moreover, we show that the constitutively activated form of FMNL1 (FMNL1γ) induces localization of AHNAK1 to the cell membrane. Finally, we provide evidence that overexpression or knock down of FMNL1 has an impact on the capacitative calcium influx after ionomycin-mediated activation of diverse cell lines and primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Han
- Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Liang X, Weigand LU, Schuster IG, Eppinger E, van der Griendt JC, Schub A, Leisegang M, Sommermeyer D, Anderl F, Han Y, Ellwart J, Moosmann A, Busch DH, Uckert W, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. A Single TCRα-Chain with Dominant Peptide Recognition in the Allorestricted HER2/neu-Specific T Cell Repertoire. J I 2009; 184:1617-29. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Han Y, Eppinger E, Schuster IG, Weigand LU, Liang X, Kremmer E, Peschel C, Krackhardt AM. Formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is regulated by N-terminal myristoylation and induces polarized membrane blebbing. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:33409-17. [PMID: 19815554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The formin protein formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is highly restrictedly expressed in hematopoietic lineage-derived cells and has been previously identified as a tumor-associated antigen. However, function and regulation of FMNL1 are not well defined. We have identified a novel splice variant (FMNL1gamma) containing an intron retention at the C terminus affecting the diaphanous autoinhibitory domain (DAD). FMNL1gamma is specifically located at the cell membrane and cortex in diverse cell lines. Similar localization of FMNL1 was observed for a mutant lacking the DAD domain (FMNL1DeltaDAD), indicating that deregulation of autoinhibition is effective in FMNL1gamma. Expression of both FMNL1gamma and FMNL1DeltaDAD induces polarized nonapoptotic blebbing that is dependent on N-terminal myristoylation of FMNL1 but independent of Src and ROCK activity. Thus, our results describe N-myristoylation as a regulative mechanism of FMNL1 responsible for membrane trafficking potentially involved in a diversity of polarized processes of hematopoietic lineage-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Han
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
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40
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Schuster IG, Busch DH, Eppinger E, Kremmer E, Milosevic S, Hennard C, Kuttler C, Ellwart JW, Frankenberger B, Nössner E, Salat C, Bogner C, Borkhardt A, Kolb HJ, Krackhardt AM. Allorestricted T cells with specificity for the FMNL1-derived peptide PP2 have potent antitumor activity against hematologic and other malignancies. Blood 2007; 110:2931-9. [PMID: 17626842 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-11-058750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCell-based immunotherapy in settings of allogeneic stem cell transplantation or donor leukocyte infusion has curative potential, especially in hematologic malignancies. However, this approach is severely restricted due to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). This limitation may be overcome if target antigens are molecularly defined and effector cells are specifically selected. We chose formin-related protein in leukocytes 1 (FMNL1) as a target antigen after intensive investigation of its expression profile at the mRNA and protein levels. Here, we confirm restricted expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors but also observe overexpression in different leukemias and aberrant expression in transformed cell lines derived from solid tumors. We isolated allorestricted T-cell clones expressing a single defined TCR recognizing a particular HLA-A2–presented peptide derived from FMNL1. This T-cell clone showed potent antitumor activity against lymphoma and renal cell carcinoma cell lines, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–transformed B cells, and primary tumor samples derived from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), whereas nontransformed cells with the exception of activated B cells were only marginally recognized. Allorestricted TCRs with specificity for naturally presented FMNL1-derived epitopes may represent promising reagents for the development of adoptive therapies in lymphoma and other malignant diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Clone Cells
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/immunology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Formins
- HLA-A Antigens
- Hematologic Neoplasms/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Peptides/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid G Schuster
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Forschungszeutrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit (GSF)-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
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Krackhardt AM, Witzens M, Harig S, Hodi FS, Zauls AJ, Chessia M, Barrett P, Gribben JG. Identification of tumor-associated antigens in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by SEREX. Blood 2002; 100:2123-31. [PMID: 12200376 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is associated with a variety of immunologic disturbances. Hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune phenomena are both often present in this disease. In contrast, humoral or cellular antitumor responses are rarely observed. It has been previously shown that antigens detected in patients with malignant diseases can provide information regarding intracellular molecules engaged in the transformation process and can identify tumor antigens that may be useful for development of immunotherapeutic strategies. Serologic identification by recombinant expression cloning (SEREX) has been demonstrated to be a useful method to detect tumor and tumor-associated antigens in a variety of malignancies. Although this approach is complicated in CLL, we used a modified SEREX approach and identified 14 antigens (KW-1 to KW-14) using this methodology. Several clones showed a restricted expression pattern in normal tissues. Moreover, distinctive expression of splice variants and aberrant gene expression in malignant tissue were detected. In this study, 6 antigens were detected exclusively in patients with CLL. Eight antigens were detected also in lymphoma patients. Healthy donors showed antibody responses against only 3 of the identified antigens. T cells with specific cytotoxicity against peptides derived from the 2 antigens tested could be generated from healthy donors. These findings demonstrate that humoral and cellular immune responses against CLL-associated antigens can be detected. Ongoing experiments investigate their potential for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Krackhardt
- Department of Adult Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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42
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Krackhardt AM, Harig S, Witzens M, Broderick R, Barrett P, Gribben JG. T-cell responses against chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells: implications for immunotherapy. Blood 2002; 100:167-73. [PMID: 12070023 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v100.1.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells are ineffective antigen-presenting cells (APCs) although CD40-activated CLL cells can stimulate proliferation of autologous and allogeneic T cells. We examined the antigen-presenting capacity of CD40-activated CLL cells as well as dendritic cells pulsed with apoptotic bodies of CLL cells to generate autologous and allogeneic immune responses against CLL cells. Both APC types were capable of generating T-cell lines that proliferate specifically in response to unstimulated CLL cells. Whereas cytotoxic responses against stimulated and unstimulated CLL cells could be repeatedly generated by allogeneic healthy donors, autologous cytotoxic immune responses against CD40-activated and native CLL cells were rarely detected. However, T cells isolated from patients with CLL could recognize and lyse allogeneic stimulated and unstimulated CLL cells, demonstrating that cytotoxic T cells from these tumor-bearing patients are functionally intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Krackhardt
- Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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43
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Harig S, Witzens M, Krackhardt AM, Trojan A, Barrett P, Broderick R, Zauls AJ, Gribben JG. Induction of cytotoxic T-cell responses against immunoglobulin V region-derived peptides modified at human leukocyte antigen-A2 binding residues. Blood 2001; 98:2999-3005. [PMID: 11698283 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.10.2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses can be generated against peptides derived from the immunoglobulin (Ig) V region in some but not all patients. The main reason for this appears to be the low peptide-binding affinity of Ig-derived peptides to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and their resulting low immunogenicity. This might be improved by conservative amino acid modifications at the MHC-binding residues of the peptides (heteroclitic peptides). In this study, it was found that in 18 Ig-derived peptides, that heteroclitic peptides from the Ig gene with improved binding to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 can be used to improve CTL responses. Amino acid substitution substantially increased predicted binding affinity, and there was a strong correlation between predicted and actual binding to HLA-A*0201. CTLs generated against the heteroclitic peptide had not only enhanced cytotoxicity against the heteroclitic peptide but also increased killing of antigen-presenting cells pulsed with the native peptide. Surprisingly, no difference was observed in the frequency of T cells detected by MHC class I peptide tetramers after stimulation with the heteroclitic peptide compared with the native peptide. CTLs generated against heteroclitic peptides could kill patients' tumor cells, showing that Ig-derived peptides can be presented by the tumor cell and that the failure to mount an immune response (among other reasons) likely results from the low immunogenicity of the native Ig-derived peptide. These results suggest that heteroclitic Ig-derived peptides can enhance immunogenicity, thereby eliciting immune responses, and that they might be useful tools for enhancing immunotherapy approaches to treating B-cell malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Harig
- Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Trojan A, Witzens M, Schultze JL, Vonderheide RH, Harig S, Krackhardt AM, Stahel RA, Gribben JG. Generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against native and altered peptides of human leukocyte antigen-A*0201 restricted epitopes from the human epithelial cell adhesion molecule. Cancer Res 2001; 61:4761-5. [PMID: 11406549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of human tumor antigens have been described that can be recognized by CTLs in a MHC class I restricted fashion. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) is expressed in a variety of human tumors and has attracted attention as a therapeutic target for monoclonal antibody serotherapy. We have identified immunogenic peptides derived from Ep-CAM, that bind to human leukocyte antigen-A*0201 and elicit strong peptide-specific human CTL responses, demonstrating that there is an effective T-cell repertoire against these Ep-CAM-derived peptides that can be recruited. Alterations to these peptides were made to increase their binding affinity to MHC class I molecules. The use of such "heteroclitic" peptides allowed generation of cytotoxic T cells that demonstrated increased killing of target cells pulsed not only with the heteroclitic but also with the native peptide. Most important, CTL cell lines that are generated against these peptides specifically lyse epithelial tumor cells expressing Ep-CAM but not normal hematopoietic or bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trojan
- Department of Adult Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 02114 Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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