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Aguirre L, Cámara L, Smith A, Fondevila G, Mateos GG. Apparent metabolizable energy and ileal amino acid digestibility of commercial soybean meals of different origins in broilers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103786. [PMID: 38678976 PMCID: PMC11060948 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We studied the chemical composition and the in vivo AMEn content and apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of CP and amino acids (AA) of 27 samples of soybean meals (SBM) from Argentina (ARG), Brazil (BRA), and USA, collected in Spain. On 88% DM basis, the BRA meals had more CP (46.9 vs. 46.0 and 45.9%; P < 0.05) and less sucrose (5.21 vs. 6.28 and 6.47%; P < 0.001) and stachyose (4.20 vs. 4.66 and 4.78%; P < 0.05) than the USA and ARG meals. Urease activity, protein dispersibility index, KOH protein solubility, and trypsin inhibitor activity values, were higher for the USA meals than for the South American meals (P < 0.05). In the in vivo trial, broilers received a common crumble diet from 0 to 16 d of age and then, their respective experimental diets (53% of a N-free diet and 47% of each of the 27 SBM tested) in mash form, for 5 d. The AMEn (2,334 vs. 2,282 and 2,277 kcal/kg; P = 0.062) and the AID (87.3 vs. 86.7 and 86.4%; P = 0.054) and SID (91.9 vs. 91.2 and 90.8%; P < 0.05) of the protein, were greater for the USA meals than for the ARG and BRA meals. In fact, the SID of Lys (93.5 vs. 93.0 and 92.1%; P < 0.001) and of the sum of Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, and Cys (91.4 vs. 91.0 and 90.2%; P < 0.05) were greater for the USA meals than for the ARG and BRA meals. In summary, the chemical composition, protein quality indicators, AMEn content, and ileal digestibility of the CP and the AA of the SBM, varied with the country of origin of the soybeans. In order to increase the accuracy of the feed formulation process, the composition and nutrient content of commercial batches of SBM, by country of origin should be controlled and periodically updated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguirre
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Cámara
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Smith
- DSM Nutritional Products (UK) Ltd, Heanor, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Fondevila
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G G Mateos
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Sykuta A, Yoon CH, Baldwin S, Rine NI, Young M, Smith A. Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors: Expanding the Horizon for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Management. Ann Pharmacother 2024; 58:273-285. [PMID: 37329113 DOI: 10.1177/10600280231180000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the current literature on the efficacy and safety of cardiac myosin inhibitors (CMIs) for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). DATA SOURCES A literature search was conducted on PubMed from origin to April 2023, using the search terms "MYK-461," "mavacamten," "CK-3773274," and "aficamten." Studies were limited to English-based literature, human subjects, and clinical trials resulting in the inclusion of 13 articles. ClinicalTrials.gov was also used with the same search terms for ongoing and completed trials. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Only phase II and III studies were included in this review except for pharmacokinetic studies that were used to describe drug properties. DATA SYNTHESIS CMIs enable cardiac muscle relaxation by decreasing the number of myosin heads that can bind to actin and form cross-bridges. Mavacamten, the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug in this class, has been shown to improve hemodynamic, functional, and quality of life measures in HCM with obstruction. In addition, aficamten is likely to become the next FDA-approved CMI with promising phase II data and an ongoing phase III trial expected to release results in the next year. RELEVANCE TO PATIENT CARE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE IN COMPARISON WITH EXISTING DRUGS CMIs provide a novel option for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, particularly in those not suitable for septal reduction therapy. Utilization of these agents requires knowledge of drug interactions, dose titration schemes, and monitoring parameters for safety and efficacy. CONCLUSIONS CMIs represent a new class of disease-specific drugs for treatment of HCM. Cost-effectiveness studies are needed to delineate the role of these agents in patient therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Sykuta
- Department of Pharmacy, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Connie H Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Baldwin
- Department of Pharmacy, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Natalie I Rine
- Central Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Childrens Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael Young
- Department of Pharmacy, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam Smith
- Advanced Heart and Vascular Center, OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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L’Esperance OJ, McGhee J, Davidson G, Smith A, Niraula S, Subramanian J. Functional connectivity favors aberrant visual network c-Fos expression accompanied by cortical synapse loss in amyloidosis. bioRxiv 2024:2023.01.05.522900. [PMID: 36712054 PMCID: PMC9881957 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.05.522900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
While Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been extensively studied with a focus on cognitive networks, sensory network dysfunction has received comparatively less attention despite compelling evidence of its significance in both Alzheimer's disease patients and mouse models. We recently found that neurons in the primary visual cortex of an amyloid mouse model exhibit an imbalance of postsynaptic structures favoring neuronal hyperactivity alongside increased c-Fos expression, which regulates plasticity and memory. Here, we investigate aberrant visual network and brain-wide c-Fos expression and functional connectivity patterns, network responses to light deprivation, and visual system presynaptic deficits of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. We found that the mouse model of AD exhibits aberrant c-Fos expression and functional connectivity patterns across multiple brain regions, and functional connectivity between brain regions is a significant predictor for aberrant c-Fos expression. We also show that one week of light deprivation increases c-Fos expression across the brain in nonpathological controls but not the AD model, indicating experience-dependent plasticity deficits in multiple brain regions. Using in vivo and ex vivo imaging of presynaptic termini, we found that aberrant visual cortical c-Fos expression is associated with selective loss of excitatory cortical but not inhibitory or subcortical synapses. Our findings reveal novel structural and functional connectivity deficits in the visual network pre-plaque amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J. L’Esperance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Josh McGhee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Garett Davidson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Adam Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Suraj Niraula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Jaichandar Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Shi L, Wei W, Smith A, Abbasi G. Implementation and evaluation of an EHR-integrated perpetual inventory system in a large tertiary hospital oncology pharmacy. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024:zxae022. [PMID: 38298005 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
DISCLAIMER In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the impact of an electronic health record (EHR)-integrated perpetual inventory management system (EIMS) versus a traditional inventory management system (TIMS) on inventory accuracy, visibility, and turnover in a large academic tertiary hospital. METHODS The quasi-experimental study was conducted over 12 months (a 6-month preimplementation period and a 6-month postimplementation period, with an 11-month washout period) at Houston Methodist Hospital. The EIMS was implemented following the use of TIMS. A total of 114 matched inventory items from both systems were identified and compared. The primary outcome was inventory accuracy, calculated as cycle count accuracy. The secondary outcomes were inventory visibility and monthly inventory turnover rate. RESULTS Analysis demonstrated a 6.02% absolute increase in inventory accuracy (P < 0.001) with use of the EIMS versus the TIMS. After adjusting for inflation, there was an increase in the captured cost of goods sold from $4.16 million to $5.16 million. The monthly inventory value, adjusted for inflation in the prices of studied inventory items, increased from $2.05 million to $2.33 million. The monthly inventory turnover rate increased from 2.03 to 2.23 turns per month (P = 0.305) when compared to the pre- and post-implementation periods. Inventory visibility increased from 133 inventory items to 264 inventory items after EIMS implementation, indicating a 98% visibility increase compared to preimplementation levels. CONCLUSION This study found that implementing an EIMS significantly increased pharmacy inventory accuracy and inventory visibility, which are essential for optimizing patient care and pharmacy financial management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Shi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenfei Wei
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adam Smith
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Skelton E, Cromb D, Smith A, van Poppel MPM, Morland C, Harrison G, Rutherford M, Malamateniou C, Ayers S. "It's not just the medical aspects that are important": A qualitative exploration of first-time parents' experiences of antenatal imaging and their influence on parent-fetal bonding. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:288-295. [PMID: 38064765 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antenatal imaging provides clinical information regarding fetal growth and development. The additional benefit afforded by imaging for expectant parents in developing an emotional connection (bond) to the unborn baby is also acknowledged. However, the relationship between imaging and bonding is not fully understood, particularly where there are differing parental and pregnancy circumstances, for example use of advanced imaging techniques or the prenatal diagnosis of a congenital fetal condition. This study aimed to explore the role of antenatal imaging in enhancing the developing parent-fetal bond in first-time parents. METHODS A descriptive, qualitative methodology was used. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with first-time expectant parents attending a London hospital for clinical ultrasound (n = 20) or research MRI (n = 8) imaging during pregnancy. The sample included parents receiving specialist antenatal care for a diagnosed fetal cardiac condition (n = 8). Thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The analysis generated three themes: 1) Our baby, our scan too; 2) Destination parenthood; and 3) Being in the dark, then finding the light. These themes highlight the important, but transient role of antenatal imaging in enhancing parent-fetal bonding, as well as the differing care needs of expectant parents. The integral role of healthcare professionals in providing a personalised, supportive, imaging experience to facilitate bonding is also reflected. CONCLUSION Adopting parent-centred care approaches which involve expectant parents in fetal imaging influences bonding by helping parents to consider the reality of their impending parenthood. Knowledge acquired during scans is used to create an identity for the unborn baby, which parents can develop an emotional connection to. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE To optimise the potential for enhanced parent-fetal bonding, care provision in fetal imaging should be tailored to the individual needs of expectant parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Skelton
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - D Cromb
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, SE1 7EH, UK; Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - A Smith
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M P M van Poppel
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, SE1 7EH, UK; Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - C Morland
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - G Harrison
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK; Society and College of Radiographers, London, SE1 2EW, UK
| | - M Rutherford
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - C Malamateniou
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - S Ayers
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health and Psychological Sciences City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK
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Schachtel B, Shephard A, Schachtel E, Shea T, Smith A, Tselenti E. Evidence of the Efficacy of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenges for Patients Receiving Antibiotics for Laboratory-Confirmed Streptococcal Pharyngitis. Ear Nose Throat J 2023; 102:NP609-NP617. [PMID: 34261371 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211025754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for patients with laboratory-confirmed streptococcal pharyngitis both before and concomitant with antibiotics. METHODS This post hoc analysis comprised adult participants from 2 earlier randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies evaluating the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges in acute pharyngitis. Throat swabs were obtained to diagnose streptococcal infection. Prior to and 2 hours after each dose of study medication (flurbiprofen or placebo lozenges), patients rated 3 symptoms of acute pharyngitis (sore throat pain, difficulty swallowing, and swollen throat) using visual analogue scales. Appropriate antibiotic treatment was initiated when culture results were reported. Mean changes in each pharyngeal symptom were compared over the immediate 24 hours before and during the initial 24 hours of antibiotic treatment. RESULTS Twenty-four patients provided both preantibiotic and concomitant antibiotic efficacy outcomes. Relief of throat pain was 93% greater in the flurbiprofen group than in the placebo group before antibiotic coadministration and 84% greater than placebo during antibiotic administration (both P < .05). Relief of difficulty swallowing was 71% greater in the flurbiprofen group than in the placebo before antibiotic administration (P = .16) and 107% greater during concomitant antibiotic administration (P = .04). Relief of the sensation of throat swelling was 295% greater with flurbiprofen than placebo before antibiotic administration (P = .008) and 70% greater during concomitant antibiotic administration (P = .06). For placebo-treated patients, relief from throat pain and difficulty swallowing were similar before and during antibiotic treatment (P > .05), indicating no benefit with antibiotic administration for these symptoms. No treatment-related discontinuations or serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of antibiotic use, flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges provide well-tolerated, effective relief of pharyngeal symptoms in patients with streptococcal infection. In the 24 hours after administration, antibiotics provide no relief of throat pain or difficulty swallowing beyond the topical demulcent effects of placebo lozenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Schachtel
- Schachtel Research Associates, Inc, Jupiter, FL, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adrian Shephard
- Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare International Ltd, Slough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tim Shea
- Reckitt Benckiser Health LLC, NJ, USA
| | - Adam Smith
- Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare Ltd, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Evi Tselenti
- Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare Ltd, Hull, United Kingdom
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7
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Bramley P, Smith A. Tracheal intubation: clinical signs, correlation and context. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:1435-1437. [PMID: 37794603 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Bramley
- Department of Anaesthesia, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Smith
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK
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Alkazemi A, Kovacevic M, Dube K, Lauffenburger JC, Smith A, Malinowski S, Weinhouse GL. Effectiveness of Nebulized Tranexamic Acid in Patients with Moderate-to-Massive Hemoptysis at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2023; 36:309-315. [PMID: 37962861 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2022.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The management of severe hemoptysis mainly consists of invasive interventional procedures, including angiographic bronchial artery embolization, various endobronchial interventions, and sometimes surgery. However, there are limited effective noninvasive medical therapies available. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nebulized tranexamic acid (TXA) administration compared with conventional management in patients with hemoptysis. Methods: This Institutional Review Board-approved, single-center, retrospective matched cohort study was performed from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2021. Electronic health record data were used to identify all adult inpatients with hemoptysis (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, code R04.2). All patients who received ≥1 dose of nebulized TXA were matched with up to five controls based on available severity criteria (hemoptysis severity, need for mechanical ventilation, and sequential organ failure assessment score at the time of hemoptysis diagnosis) with coarsened exact matching. The primary outcome was the need for invasive interventions for the management of hemoptysis. Secondary outcomes included time to hemoptysis resolution, duration of mechanical ventilation, hemoptysis recurrence, and hospital length of stay. Results: A total of 14 patients were treated with nebulized TXA; they were matched with 58 controls. Patients were 59.7% male, had a median age of 65.5 years, with airway disease (36.1%) being the major etiology of hemoptysis. There was no difference in the number of patients who required an invasive intervention between the TXA (35.7%) versus control group (56.9%), p = 0.344. Additionally, no difference was found in the time to hemoptysis resolution (p = 0.050), duration on mechanical ventilation (p = 0.128), hemoptysis recurrence (p = 1.000), or hospital length of stay (p = 0.139). Conclusions: In patients with hemoptysis, nebulized TXA may be considered as a noninvasive option for the management of hemoptysis. However, a larger analysis is warranted to determine the impact of nebulized TXA on invasive interventions for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Alkazemi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mary Kovacevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Dube
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie C Lauffenburger
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam Smith
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Malinowski
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerald L Weinhouse
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Al‐Azizi K, Moubarak G, Dib C, Sayfo S, Szerlip M, Thomas S, McCracken J, Smith A, Kelavkar U, Hale S, Van Zyl J, McCoy SL, Lanfear AT, Banwait JK, Ravindranathan P, Chionh K, DiMaio JM, Mack MJ, Potluri S. Distal Versus Proximal Radial Artery Access for Cardiac Catheterization: 30-Day Outcomes of the DIPRA Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030774. [PMID: 37889176 PMCID: PMC10727396 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Proximal radial artery (pRA) access for cardiac catheterization is safe but can jeopardize subsequent use of the artery because of occlusion. Distal radial artery (dRA) access in the anatomical snuffbox preserves the radial artery, but safety and potential detrimental effects on hand function are unknown. Methods and Results In the DIPRA (Distal Versus Proximal Radial Artery Access for Cardiac Catheterization and Intervention) study, a single-center trial, 300 patients were randomized 1:1 to cardiac catheterization through dRA or pRA. The primary end point of change in hand function from baseline to 30 days was a composite of the QuickDASH (Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) questionnaire, hand-grip test, and thumb forefinger pinch test. Secondary end points included access feasibility and complications; 254 of 300 patients completed follow-up at 30 days; of these, 128 were randomized to dRA and 126 to pRA with balanced demographic and procedural characteristics. Both groups had similar rates of access site bleeding (dRA 0% versus pRA 1.4%; P=0.25). Six patients with dRA failed access compared with 2 patients with pRA. Radial artery occlusion occurred in 2 pRA versus none in dRA. There were no significant differences in change in hand function, median hand-grip (dRA 0 [-3.2, 3.3] versus pRA 0.7 [-2.3, 3.3] kg; P=0.21), pinch-grip (dRA -0.3 [-1.2, 0.5] versus pRA 0 [-0.9, 0.9] kg; P=0.09), and QuickDASH (dRA 0 [-4.6, 2.3] versus pRA 0 [-4.6, 2.3] points, P=0.96). There was no significant difference in the composite of hand function between pRA and dRA. Conclusions dRA is a safe strategy for cardiac catheterization with a low complication rate. Compared with pRA, there is no increased risk of hand dysfunction at 30 days. Registration URL: https://www.ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT04318990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Al‐Azizi
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | | | - Chadi Dib
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | - Sameh Sayfo
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | - Molly Szerlip
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | - Sibi Thomas
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | | | - Adam Smith
- Baylor Scott and White Research InstitutePlanoTX
| | - Uma Kelavkar
- Baylor Scott and White Research InstitutePlanoTX
| | - Sarah Hale
- Baylor Scott and White Research InstitutePlanoTX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J. Michael DiMaio
- Baylor Scott and White Research InstitutePlanoTX
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | - Michael J. Mack
- Baylor Scott and White Research InstitutePlanoTX
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
| | - Srinivasa Potluri
- Department of CardiologyBaylor Scott and White The Heart HospitalPlanoTX
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Mehra R, Meda M, Pichon B, Gentry V, Smith A, Nicholls M, Ryan Y, Woods J, Tote S. Whole-genome sequencing links cases dispersed in time, place, and person while supporting healthcare worker management in an outbreak of Panton-Valentine leucocidin meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; and a review of literature. J Hosp Infect 2023; 141:88-98. [PMID: 37678435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This is a report on an outbreak of Panton-Valentine leucocidin-producing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-MRSA) in an intensive care unit (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected seven patients and a member of staff. Six patients were infected over a period of ten months on ICU by the same strain of PVL-MRSA, and a historic case identified outside of the ICU. All cases were linked to a healthcare worker (HCW) who was colonized with the organism. Failed topical decolonization therapy, without systemic antibiotic therapy, resulted in ongoing transmission and one preventable acquisition of PVL-MRSA. The outbreak identifies the support that may be needed for HCWs implicated in outbreaks. It also demonstrates the role of whole-genome sequencing in identifying dispersed and historic cases related to the outbreak, which in turn aids decision-making in outbreak management and HCW support. This report also includes a review of literature of PVL-MRSA-associated outbreaks in healthcare and highlights the need for review of current national guidance in the management of HCWs' decolonization regimen and return-to-work recommendations in such outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mehra
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
| | - M Meda
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK.
| | - B Pichon
- UK Health and Security Agency, UK
| | - V Gentry
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
| | - A Smith
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
| | | | - Y Ryan
- UK Health and Security Agency, UK
| | - J Woods
- Department of Anaesthetics and ITU, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
| | - S Tote
- Department of Anaesthetics and ITU, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
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11
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Tones M, Zeps N, Wyborn Y, Smith A, Barrero RA, Heussler H, Cross M, McGree J, Bellgard M. Does the registry speak your language? A case study of the Global Angelman Syndrome Registry. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:330. [PMID: 37858180 PMCID: PMC10588126 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Global disease registries are critical to capturing common patient related information on rare illnesses, allowing patients and their families to provide information about their condition in a safe, accessible, and engaging manner that enables researchers to undertake critical research aimed at improving outcomes. Typically, English is the default language of choice for these global digital health platforms. Unfortunately, language barriers can significantly inhibit participation from non-English speaking participants. In addition, there is potential for compromises in data quality and completeness. In contrast, multinational commercial entities provide access to their websites in the local language of the country they are operating in, and often provide multiple options reflecting ethnic diversity. This paper presents a case study of how the Global Angelman Syndrome Registry (GASR) has used a novel approach to enable multiple language translations for its website. Using a "semi-automated language translation" approach, the GASR, which was originally launched in English in September 2016, is now available in several other languages. In 2020, the GASR adopted a novel approach using crowd-sourcing and machine translation tools leading to the availability of the GASR in Spanish, Traditional Chinese, Italian, and Hindi. As a result, enrolments increased by 124% percent for Spain, 67% percent for Latin America, 46% percent for Asia, 24% for Italy, and 43% for India. We describe our approach here, which we believe presents an opportunity for cost-effective and timely translations responsive to changes to the registry and helps build and maintain engagement with global disease communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Tones
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Nikolajs Zeps
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yvette Wyborn
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Adam Smith
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Roberto A Barrero
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Helen Heussler
- Centre for Clinical Trials in Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Child Development Program, Children's Health Queensland, Child Health Research Centre University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
| | - Meagan Cross
- Foundation for Angelman Syndrome Therapeutics Australia, Salisbury, QLD, 4107, Australia
| | - James McGree
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew Bellgard
- Office of eResearch, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- University of East London, London, UK.
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12
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Regan SN, Dykstra MP, Yin H, McLaughlin PW, Boike TP, Bhatt AK, Walker EM, Zaki M, Kendrick D, Mislmani M, Paluch S, Litzenberg DW, Mietzel M, Narayana V, Smith A, Jackson WC, Heimburger DK, Schipper M, Dess RT. ADT Use and Nodal Irradiation in Men Receiving Post-Prostatectomy Salvage Radiotherapy within a Statewide Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e430-e431. [PMID: 37785407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) For men with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy, salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is a standard of care. Outcomes are improved when SRT is delivered at lower PSA levels, and there has been increased emphasis on more timely treatment. With early SRT, however, there remains uncertainty as to the optimal use and duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and pelvic lymph node radiation (PLNRT). Moreover, PET imaging and genomic classifiers have emerged as tools to guide treatment decisions, but their uptake in routine practice is unknown. To address these questions, we analyzed a contemporary cohort treated with SRT within the Michigan Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium (MROQC). We hypothesized that ADT and PLNRT practices would reflect recent trial results in this setting. MATERIALS/METHODS Eligible patients receiving SRT at an MROQC center were enrolled from 06/09/20 to 11/04/22. Data was prospectively collected via patient-, physician-, and physicist-completed forms. Patients were matched to the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC) database for additional treatment- and patient-related data. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) were performed to test associations between patient/tumor factors and ADT or PLNRT use. RESULTS A total of 191 patients across 26 centers were enrolled in the MROQC database. Of these, 116 were matched to the MUSIC database. Median time from RP to SRT was 17 months (IQR 8 - 33 months). The median post-RP PSA prior to SRT was 0.25 (IQR 0.16 - 0.60). Early SRT was defined as pre-SRT PSA ≤0.5, and 27% (n = 31/116) had a pre-SRT PSA >0.5. Twenty-eight were pT3b/T4, 97% were pN0/NX, and 51% had positive surgical margins. Fractionation was conventional (>28 fractions) in 58% and moderate hypofractionation (20-28 fractions) in 38%. Table 1 describes the patients receiving ADT and/or PLNRT. Median ADT duration was 6 mo (IQR 6 - 7 mo). MVA revealed pre-SRT PSA >0.5 (OR 5.05 [1.89 - 15.33]) and pT3b/T4 disease (OR 4.23 [1.40 - 14.56]) were significantly associated with ADT use (p <0.05), but not grade group (GG) or margin status. PLNRT was significantly associated with pre-SRT PSA >0.5 (OR 3.04 [1.21 - 8.42], p <0.05) but not pT stage, margin status, or GG. PET imaging was performed in 37% of men (52% negative, 21% prostate bed alone uptake, and 26% lymph node positivity) and genomic classifiers were performed in 24%. CONCLUSION Nearly 75% of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer patients within MROQC received early SRT, and about half received ADT. A pre-SRT PSA >0.5 was strongly associated with ADT and PLNRT. With prostate bed SRT alone, very few received ADT. Given the considerable heterogeneity in treatment, additional studies may help identify patients who most benefit from ADT + PLNRT, and who may be spared potential added toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Regan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M P Dykstra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Yin
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - P W McLaughlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Assarian Cancer Center, Ascension Providence Hospital, Novi, MI
| | - T P Boike
- GenesisCare USA / Michigan Healthcare Professionals, Troy, MI
| | - A K Bhatt
- Karmanos Cancer Institute at McLaren Greater Lansing, Lansing, MI
| | - E M Walker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - M Zaki
- Covenant HealthCare, Saginaw, MI
| | - D Kendrick
- Michigan Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium Coordinating Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M Mislmani
- University Hospitals - Seidman Cancer Center, Kalamazoo, MI
| | - S Paluch
- Covenant Healthcare, Saginaw, MI
| | | | - M Mietzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - V Narayana
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI
| | - A Smith
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - W C Jackson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - M Schipper
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - R T Dess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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13
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Dykstra MP, Regan SN, Yin H, McLaughlin PW, Boike TP, Bhatt AK, Walker EM, Zaki M, Kendrick D, Mislmani M, Paluch S, Litzenberg DW, Mietzel M, Narayana V, Smith A, Jackson WC, Heimburger DK, Schipper M, Dess RT. Androgen Deprivation Therapy Use among Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy across a Statewide Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e380-e381. [PMID: 37785288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) For men with intermediate (INT) risk prostate cancer, the addition of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) reduces risk of PSA failure, distant metastasis, and cancer-related mortality. Moreover, the relative reduction in cancer-related adverse outcomes with ADT use appears consistent across all INT risk subgroups. The absolute benefit of ADT, however, varies by baseline risk. In contemporary practice, it is unknown which clinical factors are most strongly associated with intended ADT use. Therefore, we sought to identify such factors within the diverse practices of the Michigan Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium (MROQC). MATERIALS/METHODS Patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing definitive radiation therapy were enrolled from 6/9/20 to 11/4/22 (n = 599). Standardized patient, physician, and physicist forms were used to collect baseline and follow-up information. Intended ADT use, defined by the treating physician, was prospectively collected and is the primary outcome of this analysis. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) associations with patient (age, race, comorbidities), tumor (T stage, Gleason, percent cores positive, and PSA), and practice-related (academic vs private) factors were performed. In addition, advanced modality testing (PET, MRI, and genomic classifiers) was available as of March 2021, and subgroup analysis were performed where appropriate. RESULTS A total 351 patients across 26 centers were enrolled with INT risk disease. ADT use was intended for 46% of men (n = 162/351) which differed by men with NCCN favorable INT (21%, n = 22/105) vs unfavorable INT risk disease (57%, n = 140/246), p<0.001. Sixty two percent (n = 100/162) had an intended ADT duration of 4-6 months and 21% (n = 34/162) had ≥12 months. Older age was associated with ADT use (70 vs 67, p < 0.01); there were no significant differences by race or comorbidities number. MVA showed Gleason 4+3 (OR 4.61 [2.91 - 7.42]) and > = 50% positive cores (2.56 [1.52 - 4.37]) were significantly associated with ADT use. No significant differences were noted based on practice setting. Pelvic MRI was obtained for 71% of men (n = 197/279), genomic classifiers in 47% (n = 130/279), and PET in 2% (n = 6/282). In the subset with MRI (n = 197), adverse features (ECE, SVI, or equivocal LNs) were associated with intended ADT use (OR 3.0 [1.4 - 7.1]) after adjustment for NCCN favorable/unfavorable INT risk classification. CONCLUSION Within a state-wide consortium, intended ADT use for intermediate prostate cancer is most strongly associated with Gleason score, ≥50% positive cores, NCCN unfavorable intermediate risk classification, and adverse features on MRI. Nearly half of men had genomic classifier testing underscoring the importance ongoing trials such as NRG/GU 010.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Dykstra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - S N Regan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - H Yin
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - P W McLaughlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Assarian Cancer Center, Ascension Providence Hospital, Novi, MI
| | - T P Boike
- GenesisCare USA / Michigan Healthcare Professionals, Troy, MI
| | - A K Bhatt
- Karmanos Cancer Institute at McLaren Greater Lansing, Lansing, MI
| | - E M Walker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - M Zaki
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - D Kendrick
- Michigan Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium Coordinating Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M Mislmani
- University Hospitals - Seidman Cancer Center, Kalamazoo, MI
| | - S Paluch
- Covenant Healthcare, Saginaw, MI
| | | | - M Mietzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - V Narayana
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI
| | - A Smith
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - W C Jackson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - M Schipper
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - R T Dess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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14
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Moen CM, Paramjothy K, Williamson A, Coleman H, Lou X, Smith A, Douglas CM. A systematic review of the role of penicillin versus penicillin plus metronidazole in the management of peritonsillar abscess. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:992-996. [PMID: 37194922 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215123000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritonsillar abscess is a localised infection in the peritonsillar space. Pus from the abscess can contain anaerobes. Many clinicians prescribe metronidazole in addition to penicillin, but evidence to support this is limited. This review assessed the evidence of benefit of metronidazole for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess. METHODS A systematic review was conducted of the literature and databases including Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, PubMed and Cochrane library. Search terms included all variations of peritonsillar abscess, penicillin and metronidazole. RESULTS Three randomised, control trials were included. All studies assessed the clinical outcomes after treatment for peritonsillar abscess, including recurrence rate, length of hospital stay and symptom improvement. There was no evidence to suggest additional benefit with metronidazole, with studies suggesting increased side effects. CONCLUSION Evidence does not support the addition of metronidazole in first-line management of peritonsillar abscess. Further trials to establish optimum dose and duration schedules of oral phenoxymethylpenicillin would benefit clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Moen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Paramjothy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Williamson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - H Coleman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - X Lou
- Glasgow University Medical School, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - A Smith
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - C M Douglas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Glasgow University Medical School, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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15
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Toogood K, Pike T, Coe P, Everett S, Huggett M, Paranandi B, Bassi V, Toogood G, Smith A. The role of cholecystectomy following endoscopic sphincterotomy and bile duct stone removal. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:607-613. [PMID: 35950513 PMCID: PMC10471440 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Choledocholithiasis is common, with patients usually treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and subsequent cholecystectomy to remove the presumed source of common bile duct (CBD) stones. However, previous investigations into the management of patients following ERCP have focused on recurrent CBD stones, negating the risks of cholecystectomy. This article appraises the role of cholecystectomy following successful endoscopic clearance of bile duct stones. METHODS Patients undergoing ERCP and CBD clearance for choledocholithiasis at St James's University Hospital January 2015-December 2018 were included. Patients were divided into those who received cholecystectomy and those managed non-operatively. Readmissions, operative morbidity, mortality and treatment costs were investigated. RESULTS Eight hundred and forty-four patients received ERCP and CBD clearance with 3.9 years follow-up. Two hundred and nine patients underwent cholecystectomy with 15% requiring complex surgery. Three hundred and seventy-three patients were non-operatively managed. Unplanned readmissions occurred in 15% following ERCP, mostly within two years. There was no difference in readmissions between the two groups. Accounting for the entire patient pathway, non-operative management was less expensive. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients do not require readmission following ERCP for CBD stones, and cholecystectomy did not reduce the risk of readmission. Few patients have recurrent CBD stones, but complex biliary surgery is frequently required. Routine cholecystectomy following ERCP needs to be re-evaluated and a more stratified approach to future risk developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P Coe
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
| | | | | | | | - V Bassi
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
| | | | - A Smith
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
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16
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Karalliedde J, French O, Burnhill G, Malhotra B, Spellman C, Jessel M, Ayotunde A, Newcombe L, Smith A, Thomas S, Rajasingam D. A pragmatic digital health informatics based approach for aiding clinical prioritisation and reducing backlog of care: A study in cohort of 4022 people with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 203:110834. [PMID: 37478978 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The backlog of care in resource stretched healthcare systems requires innovative approaches to aid clinical prioritisation. Our aim was to develop an informatics tool to identify and prioritise people with diabetes who are likely to deteriorate whilst awaiting an appointment to optimise clinical outcomes and resources. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using data from electronic health care records we identified 6 risk-factors that could be addressed in 4022 people (52% male, 30% non-Caucasian) with diabetes attending a large university hospital in London. The risk-factors were new clinical events/data occurring since their last routine clinic visit. To validate and compare data-led prioritisation tool to a traditional 'clinical approach' a sample of 450 patients were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 4022 people, 549 (13.6%) were identified as having one or more risk events/factors. People with risk were more likely to be non-Caucasian and had greater socio-economic deprivation. Taking clinical prioritisation as the gold standard, informatics tool identified high risk patients with a sensitivity of 83% and lower risk patients with a specificity of 81%. An operational pilot pathway over 3 months using this approach demonstrated in 101 high risk people that 40% received interventions/care optimisation to prevent deterioration in health. CONCLUSION A pragmatic data-driven method identifies people with diabetes at highest need for clinical prioritisation within restricted resources. Health informatics systems such as our can enhance care and improve operational efficiency and better healthcare delivery for people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Karalliedde
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London UK.
| | - O French
- Factor 50 Limited, Nottingham UK
| | | | - B Malhotra
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - C Spellman
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - M Jessel
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - A Ayotunde
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | | | - A Smith
- Factor 50 Limited, Nottingham UK
| | - S Thomas
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - D Rajasingam
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
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17
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Kolisnik T, Sulit AK, Schmeier S, Frizelle F, Purcell R, Smith A, Silander O. Identifying important microbial and genomic biomarkers for differentiating right- versus left-sided colorectal cancer using random forest models. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:647. [PMID: 37434131 PMCID: PMC10337110 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, with subtypes that have different clinical behaviours and subsequent prognoses. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that right-sided colorectal cancer (RCC) and left-sided colorectal cancer (LCC) also differ in treatment success and patient outcomes. Biomarkers that differentiate between RCC and LCC are not well-established. Here, we apply random forest (RF) machine learning methods to identify genomic or microbial biomarkers that differentiate RCC and LCC. METHODS RNA-seq expression data for 58,677 coding and non-coding human genes and count data for 28,557 human unmapped reads were obtained from 308 patient CRC tumour samples. We created three RF models for datasets of human genes-only, microbes-only, and genes-and-microbes combined. We used a permutation test to identify features of significant importance. Finally, we used differential expression (DE) and paired Wilcoxon-rank sum tests to associate features with a particular side. RESULTS RF model accuracy scores were 90%, 70%, and 87% with area under curve (AUC) of 0.9, 0.76, and 0.89 for the human genomic, microbial, and combined feature sets, respectively. 15 features were identified as significant in the model of genes-only, 54 microbes in the model of microbes-only, and 28 genes and 18 microbes in the model with genes-and-microbes combined. PRAC1 expression was the most important feature for differentiating RCC and LCC in the genes-only model, with HOXB13, SPAG16, HOXC4, and RNLS also playing a role. Ruminococcus gnavus and Clostridium acetireducens were the most important in the microbial-only model. MYOM3, HOXC4, Coprococcus eutactus, PRAC1, lncRNA AC012531.25, Ruminococcus gnavus, RNLS, HOXC6, SPAG16 and Fusobacterium nucleatum were most important in the combined model. CONCLUSIONS Many of the identified genes and microbes among all models have previously established associations with CRC. However, the ability of RF models to account for inter-feature relationships within the underlying decision trees may yield a more sensitive and biologically interconnected set of genomic and microbial biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Kolisnik
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Arielle Kae Sulit
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Frank Frizelle
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Adam Smith
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Olin Silander
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
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18
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Smitherman EA, Chahine RA, Beukelman T, Lewandowski LB, Rahman AKMF, Wenderfer SE, Curtis JR, Hersh AO, Abulaban K, Adams A, Adams M, Agbayani R, Aiello J, Akoghlanian S, Alejandro C, Allenspach E, Alperin R, Alpizar M, Amarilyo G, Ambler W, Anderson E, Ardoin S, Armendariz S, Baker E, Balboni I, Balevic S, Ballenger L, Ballinger S, Balmuri N, Barbar‐Smiley F, Barillas‐Arias L, Basiaga M, Baszis K, Becker M, Bell‐Brunson H, Beltz E, Benham H, Benseler S, Bernal W, Beukelman T, Bigley T, Binstadt B, Black C, Blakley M, Bohnsack J, Boland J, Boneparth A, Bowman S, Bracaglia C, Brooks E, Brothers M, Brown A, Brunner H, Buckley M, Buckley M, Bukulmez H, Bullock D, Cameron B, Canna S, Cannon L, Carper P, Cartwright V, Cassidy E, Cerracchio L, Chalom E, Chang J, Chang‐Hoftman A, Chauhan V, Chira P, Chinn T, Chundru K, Clairman H, Co D, Confair A, Conlon H, Connor R, Cooper A, Cooper J, Cooper S, Correll C, Corvalan R, Costanzo D, Cron R, Curiel‐Duran L, Curington T, Curry M, Dalrymple A, Davis A, Davis C, Davis C, Davis T, De Benedetti F, De Ranieri D, Dean J, Dedeoglu F, DeGuzman M, Delnay N, Dempsey V, DeSantis E, Dickson T, Dingle J, Donaldson B, Dorsey E, Dover S, Dowling J, Drew J, Driest K, Du Q, Duarte K, Durkee D, Duverger E, Dvergsten J, Eberhard A, Eckert M, Ede K, Edelheit B, Edens C, Edens C, Edgerly Y, Elder M, Ervin B, Fadrhonc S, Failing C, Fair D, Falcon M, Favier L, Federici S, Feldman B, Fennell J, Ferguson I, Ferguson P, Ferreira B, Ferrucho R, Fields K, Finkel T, Fitzgerald M, Fleming C, Flynn O, Fogel L, Fox E, Fox M, Franco L, Freeman M, Fritz K, Froese S, Fuhlbrigge R, Fuller J, George N, Gerhold K, Gerstbacher D, Gilbert M, Gillispie‐Taylor M, Giverc E, Godiwala C, Goh I, Goheer H, Goldsmith D, Gotschlich E, Gotte A, Gottlieb B, Gracia C, Graham T, Grevich S, Griffin T, Griswold J, Grom A, Guevara M, Guittar P, Guzman M, Hager M, Hahn T, Halyabar O, Hammelev E, Hance M, Hanson A, Harel L, Haro S, Harris J, Harry O, Hartigan E, Hausmann J, Hay A, Hayward K, Heiart J, Hekl K, Henderson L, Henrickson M, Hersh A, Hickey K, Hill P, Hillyer S, Hiraki L, Hiskey M, Hobday P, Hoffart C, Holland M, Hollander M, Hong S, Horwitz M, Hsu J, Huber A, Huggins J, Hui‐Yuen J, Hung C, Huntington J, Huttenlocher A, Ibarra M, Imundo L, Inman C, Insalaco A, Jackson A, Jackson S, James K, Janow G, Jaquith J, Jared S, Johnson N, Jones J, Jones J, Jones J, Jones K, Jones S, Joshi S, Jung L, Justice C, Justiniano A, Karan N, Kaufman K, Kemp A, Kessler E, Khalsa U, Kienzle B, Kim S, Kimura Y, Kingsbury D, Kitcharoensakkul M, Klausmeier T, Klein K, Klein‐Gitelman M, Kompelien B, Kosikowski A, Kovalick L, Kracker J, Kramer S, Kremer C, Lai J, Lam J, Lang B, Lapidus S, Lapin B, Lasky A, Latham D, Lawson E, Laxer R, Lee P, Lee P, Lee T, Lentini L, Lerman M, Levy D, Li S, Lieberman S, Lim L, Lin C, Ling N, Lingis M, Lo M, Lovell D, Lowman D, Luca N, Lvovich S, Madison C, Madison J, Manzoni SM, Malla B, Maller J, Malloy M, Mannion M, Manos C, Marques L, Martyniuk A, Mason T, Mathus S, McAllister L, McCarthy K, McConnell K, McCormick E, McCurdy D, Stokes PM, McGuire S, McHale I, McMonagle A, McMullen‐Jackson C, Meidan E, Mellins E, Mendoza E, Mercado R, Merritt A, Michalowski L, Miettunen P, Miller M, Milojevic D, Mirizio E, Misajon E, Mitchell M, Modica R, Mohan S, Moore K, Moorthy L, Morgan S, Dewitt EM, Moss C, Moussa T, Mruk V, Murphy A, Muscal E, Nadler R, Nahal B, Nanda K, Nasah N, Nassi L, Nativ S, Natter M, Neely J, Nelson B, Newhall L, Ng L, Nicholas J, Nicolai R, Nigrovic P, Nocton J, Nolan B, Oberle E, Obispo B, O'Brien B, O'Brien T, Okeke O, Oliver M, Olson J, O'Neil K, Onel K, Orandi A, Orlando M, Osei‐Onomah S, Oz R, Pagano E, Paller A, Pan N, Panupattanapong S, Pardeo M, Paredes J, Parsons A, Patel J, Pentakota K, Pepmueller P, Pfeiffer T, Phillippi K, Marafon DP, Phillippi K, Ponder L, Pooni R, Prahalad S, Pratt S, Protopapas S, Puplava B, Quach J, Quinlan‐Waters M, Rabinovich C, Radhakrishna S, Rafko J, Raisian J, Rakestraw A, Ramirez C, Ramsay E, Ramsey S, Randell R, Reed A, Reed A, Reed A, Reid H, Remmel K, Repp A, Reyes A, Richmond A, Riebschleger M, Ringold S, Riordan M, Riskalla M, Ritter M, Rivas‐Chacon R, Robinson A, Rodela E, Rodriquez M, Rojas K, Ronis T, Rosenkranz M, Rosolowski B, Rothermel H, Rothman D, Roth‐Wojcicki E, Rouster – Stevens K, Rubinstein T, Ruth N, Saad N, Sabbagh S, Sacco E, Sadun R, Sandborg C, Sanni A, Santiago L, Sarkissian A, Savani S, Scalzi L, Schanberg L, Scharnhorst S, Schikler K, Schlefman A, Schmeling H, Schmidt K, Schmitt E, Schneider R, Schollaert‐Fitch K, Schulert G, Seay T, Seper C, Shalen J, Sheets R, Shelly A, Shenoi S, Shergill K, Shirley J, Shishov M, Shivers C, Silverman E, Singer N, Sivaraman V, Sletten J, Smith A, Smith C, Smith J, Smith J, Smitherman E, Soep J, Son M, Spence S, Spiegel L, Spitznagle J, Sran R, Srinivasalu H, Stapp H, Steigerwald K, Rakovchik YS, Stern S, Stevens A, Stevens B, Stevenson R, Stewart K, Stingl C, Stokes J, Stoll M, Stringer E, Sule S, Sumner J, Sundel R, Sutter M, Syed R, Syverson G, Szymanski A, Taber S, Tal R, Tambralli A, Taneja A, Tanner T, Tapani S, Tarshish G, Tarvin S, Tate L, Taxter A, Taylor J, Terry M, Tesher M, Thatayatikom A, Thomas B, Tiffany K, Ting T, Tipp A, Toib D, Torok K, Toruner C, Tory H, Toth M, Tse S, Tubwell V, Twilt M, Uriguen S, Valcarcel T, Van Mater H, Vannoy L, Varghese C, Vasquez N, Vazzana K, Vehe R, Veiga K, Velez J, Verbsky J, Vilar G, Volpe N, von Scheven E, Vora S, Wagner J, Wagner‐Weiner L, Wahezi D, Waite H, Walker J, Walters H, Muskardin TW, Waqar L, Waterfield M, Watson M, Watts A, Weiser P, Weiss J, Weiss P, Wershba E, White A, Williams C, Wise A, Woo J, Woolnough L, Wright T, Wu E, Yalcindag A, Yee M, Yen E, Yeung R, Yomogida K, Yu Q, Zapata R, Zartoshti A, Zeft A, Zeft R, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu A, Zic C. Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: Short-Term Kidney Status and Variation in Care. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:1553-1562. [PMID: 36775844 PMCID: PMC10500561 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal was to characterize short-term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis. METHODS We analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded. RESULTS We identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8-29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21-12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers. CONCLUSION In this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short-term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long-term kidney outcomes.
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Taylor P, Swan M, Sitters H, Smith A, Di Stefano J. Small mammals reduce activity during high moon illumination under risk of predation by introduced predators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10532. [PMID: 37386037 PMCID: PMC10310734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Predation influences prey survival and drives evolution of anti-predator behaviour. Anti-predator strategies by prey are stimulated by direct encounters with predators, but also by exposure to indicators of risk such as moonlight illumination and vegetation cover. Many prey species will suffer increased risk on moonlit nights, but risk may be reduced by the presence of dense vegetation. Determining the role of vegetation in reducing perceived risk is important, especially given predictions of increased global wildfire, which consumes vegetation and increases predation. We used remote cameras in southeastern Australia to compare support for the predation risk and habitat-mediated predation risk hypotheses. We examined the influence of moonlight and understorey cover on seven 20-2500 g mammalian prey species and two introduced predators, red foxes and feral cats. Activity of all prey species reduced by 40-70% with increasing moonlight, while one species (bush rat) reduced activity in response to increasing moonlight more sharply in low compared to high understorey cover. Neither predator responded to moonlight. Our findings supported the predation risk hypothesis and provided limited support for the habitat-mediated predation risk hypothesis. For prey, perceived costs of increased predation risk on moonlit nights outweighed any benefits of a brighter foraging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Taylor
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Vertebrate Pest Research Unit, 1447 Forest Road, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia
| | - M Swan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia.
| | - H Sitters
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia
| | - A Smith
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia
| | - J Di Stefano
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia
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B, Mbwele B, Núñez B, Dhondt B, Gafsi B, Mcleish B, Lieske B, Tailor B, La Pira B, Picardi B, Zampogna B, Casagranda B, Festa BM, Panda B, Kirmani B, Sulaiman B, Gurung B, Zacharia B, Bette B, Ayana B, Nikolovska B, Vilaró BC, De Vega Sánchez B, Hameed BZ, Diaconescu B, Kovacevic B, Bumber B, Sakakushev B, Tadic B, Malek B, Alrayes B, Thomas B, Gális B, Gallagher B, Knowles B, Cunningham B, Daley B, Mishra B, Ashford B, Pirozzi BM, Berselli B, Martinez-Leo B, Sensi B, Nardo B, Celik B, Giray B, Abud B, Almiqlash B, Pramesh CS, Taskiran C, De Campos Prado CA, Cipolla C, Kumar C, English C, Riccetti C, Vanni C, Brasset C, Downey C, Duffy C, Chwat C, Cutmore C, Sars C, Ratto C, Pacilio CA, De La Infiesta García C, Moreno CG, Magalhães C, Prada C, Zapata CS, Senni C, Flumignan CDQ, Martinez-Perez C, Duarte CL, Garcia CSR, Anderson C, Hing C, Cullinane C, Cina C, Zabkiewicz C, Sohrabi C, Guldogan CE, Ciubotaru C, Desai C, Raut C, Demetriou C, Handford C, Okpani C, Paranjape C, Koh C, Khatri 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G, Mercante G, Bianco G, Brisinda G, Consorti G, Currò G, Giannaccare G, Palomba G, Pascarella G, Rotunno G, Spriano G, Vizzielli G, Cucinella G, Sica G, Campisi G, Baiocchi G, Guerra GR, Pacheco GMF, Atis G, Augustin G, Šantak G, Chauhan GS, Branagan G, Harris G, Stewart GD, Padmore G, Kocher GJ, Di Franco G, De Jesus Labrador Hernandez G, Christodoulidis G, Neal-Smith G, Yim G, Piozzi GN, Claret G, Yanowsky-Reyes G, Dhaity GD, Cakmak GK, Mohamed G, Kucuk GO, Ancans G, Banipal GS, De Bacco Marangon G, Laporte G, Martinez-Mier G, Recinos G, V GMM, Benshetrit G, Vijgen G, Pickett G, Rodriguez HA, Shiwani H, Derilo H, Awad H, El Assaad H, Raji HO, Hardgrave H, Karakullukcu HK, Abdussalam HO, Mustafa H, Parwaiz H, Khan H, Arbab H, Naga H, Salem H, Ulgur HS, Perez-Chrzanowska H, Greenlee H, Javanmard-Emamghissi H, Lederhuber H, Osman H, Adamou H, Majid HJ, Van Goor H, Spiers HVM, Manesh HF, Mushtaq H, Aljaaly H, Hasan HB, Ahmed HTA, Martinez-Said H, Aguado HJ, Consani H, Chaplin H, Mohan H, Van Vliet H, Lohse HAS, Shah H, Claireaux H, Lule H, Juara H, Abozied H, Bayo HL, Alibrahim H, Kroon HM, Ulman H, Khan H, Yonekura H, Abou-Taleb H, Wong HYF, Carpenter H, Majd HS, Zenha H, Mayer HF, Elghadban H, Abdou H, Elfeki H, Yusefi H, Gomez-Fernandez H, Horsfall HL, Meleiro H, Sungurtekin H, Junior HFL, Moloo H, Bayhan H, Şevi̇k H, Embarek H, Hamid HKS, Pradeep IHDS, Donkin I, Ateca IV, Jafarov I, Salisu I, Abdalaal I, Garzali IU, Sall I, Adebara I, Aghadi I, Ugwu I, Zapardiel I, Reis I, Nwafor I, Fakhradiyev I, Surya IU, Robo I, Njokanma I, Iannone I, Khan I, Correia I, Königsrainer I, Seiwerth I, Linero IB, Kadiri I, Florian IA, Tzima I, Akrida I, Baloyiannis I, Gerogiannis I, Katsaros I, Tsakiridis I, Valioulis I, Negoi I, Yadev I, De Haro Jorge I, Vázquez IO, Dajti I, Russo IS, Afzal I, Wasserman I, Chukwu I, Gracia I, Oliver IM, Hughes I, Mondi I, Ncogoza I, Bsisu I, Rashid I, Balasubramanian I, Omar I, Dominguez-Rosado I, Smati I, Vokshi I, Al-Badawi IA, Saleh IA, Pilkington I, Kirac I, Trostchansky I, Gawron IM, Trebol J, Martellucci J, Andreuccetti J, Abou-Khalil J, Shah J, Manickavasagam J, De Alarcón JR, Mihanovic J, O'riordan J, Archer J, Ashcroft J, Blair J, Hamill J, Munthali J, Park J, Parry J, Ryan J, Tomlinson J, Wheeler J, Wilkins J, Balogun JA, Hodgetts JM, Vatish J, Žatecký J, Dziakova J, Martin J, Beatty JW, Stijns J, Faiz J, Ripollés-Melchor J, Mata J, Vásquez JAG, Mitra JK, Tuech JJ, Mvukiyehe JP, Fallah JM, Díaz JT, Vishnoi JR, Van Den Eynde J, Rickard J, Rolinger J, Kaplowitz J, Meyer J, Reid J, Rossaak J, Smelt J, Thomas JJ, Reyes JAS, Davies J, Luc J, Alonso JAM, Hajiioannou J, Querney J, Van Acker J, Pu JJ, Cama J, Simoes J, Cozens J, Barbosa-Breda J, Ribeiro J, De Haro J, Nigh J, Bowen J, Pollok JM, Strotmann JJ, Doerner J, Edwards J, Green J, Massoud J, Mcgrath J, Squiers J, Street J, Windsor J, Santoshi JA, Meara JG, Abebrese JT, Reilly JJ, Zabaleta J, Phillips J, Herron J, Horsnell J, Dawson J, Sheen J, Kauppila JH, Konsten J, Raurich-Leandro J, Romera JS, Nuñez J, Gass JM, Blanco J, Calvache JA, Iturralde JLF, D’addino JL, Hermosa JMG, Guillen JRO, Beristain-Hernandez JL, Sole-Sedeno JM, Vives JMM, Attwood J, Furey J, Hadaya J, Mckay J, Meilak J, Natale J, Shalhoub J, Jung J, Arthur J, Kealey J, Wright J, Moreau J, Miskovic J, Juloski J, Bauset JCC, Segura-Sampedro JJ, Cisneros JRT, Gomez-Rosado JC, Arneja J, Heider J, Fernández JD, Plata-Bello J, Villanueva J, Olaogun J, Hing JX, Košir JA, Daruwalla J, Yeung J, Wormald J, Seyi-Olajide J, Rani J, Wong KY, Hristova K, Kajal K, Algarni K, Theivendran K, Futaba K, Elsayem K, Kapur K, Bailey K, El-Boghdadly K, Ataya K, Lacorbiniere K, Shah K, Tellez KSM, Szyluk K, Rangasamy K, Iyengar K, Szabómihályová K, Atkinson K, Camargo-Parra K, Galliard K, Dickson K, Singh K, Qader K, Hasan K, Spellar K, Feeney K, Ajenifuja K, Oh KE, Okunade K, Adanu K, Bateman K, Saracoglu K, Ho KW, Enwerem K, Mishra K, Verhoeff K, Bensoltane K, Larabi K, Hamdan KH, Nadi K, Fozo K, Abdelwahab K, Al-Sayaghi K, Dajani K, Algahtany K, Abdel-Galil K, Ahmed K, Bajunaid K, Bhatti K, Sofi K, Abdulsalam K, Tamoos K, Dzhumabaev K, Samo KA, Purich K, Madhvani K, Qin KR, Underwood K, Senanayake KJ, Augestad KM, Sigamoney K, Apostolou K, Bouchagier K, Bouliaris K, Bramis K, Gousias K, Lasithiotakis K, Paraskevopoulos K, Perivoliotis K, Roditis K, Stamatis K, Stroumpoulis K, Paraskevas KI, Govindarajan KK, Šimko K, Olson KA, Khobragade K, Seah KM, Kishore K, Ayad K, Papavasiliou K, Angelou K, Paniagua LC, Czako L, Ching LVK, Rai L, Gupta L, Ismail L, Mbodi L, Dasanayake L, Schröder L, Baiyewu LA, Fortuna L, Fernandez LG, Vivancos LG, Jack L, Keçi L, Lavalle L, Leonard L, Shelmerdine L, Vaassen L, Hasan L, Lazarou L, Tzelves L, Matos L, Siragusa L, Licari L, Lima LS, Solaini L, Lichman L, Moral LT, Cabeza L, Kaplan L, Valeanu L, Kaman L, Karout L, Pieteris L, Chan L, Grüßer L, Zamora L, Catarzi L, Rampersad L, Anyanwu LJ, Cheung LK, Rodríguez LV, Andreani L, Cobianchi L, Petagna L, Howse L, Gonzalez LE, Bains L, Vohra L, Ansaloni L, Bertolaccini L, Ferrario L, Orecchia L, Tirloni L, Zanin L, Morelli L, Scaravilli L, Locatello LG, García LD, Vida L, Carbone L, Heindl LM, Bonavina L, Conti L, Marano L, Verre L, Conte LE, Boccalatte L, Tellez LGS, Loureiro L, Sánchez-Guillén L, Tallon-Aguilar L, Nakano L, Alvarez-Lozada LA, Gonzalez LAS, Flórez LJG, Capitan-Morales LC, Kowalski LP, Widmer LW, Harper L, Render L, Wheldon L, Abdur-Rahman L, Doğan L, Prusty L, Katsiaras L, Gourbault L, Siddiqui MT, Saleh M, Karthigeyan M, Rodriguez M, Chowdhury M, Nagappa M, Sultania M, Bashir M, Alam M, Elshahawy MAM, Elfiky M, Loubani M, Marei M, Mewafy M, Alali M, Nassar MA, Alobied M, Bilfaqirah M, Ahmad M, Rius M, Manangi M, Dornseifer MD, Tripathi M, S M, Sokolov M, Pigeolet M, Alonso MD, Losada M, Carretero MM, Tousidonis M, Cotovio MD, Wijeyaratne M, Boira MA, Franza M, Albdour M, Alkhatieb M, Déserts MDD, Niewiera M, Vallve-Bernal M, Kavanagh MM, Migliore M, Calabrò M, Martino MD, Reicher M, Baia M, Caricato M, Clementi M, De Zuanni M, Fiore M, Giacometti M, Inama M, Maestri M, Materazzo M, Sparavigna M, Pascale MM, Nemeth M, Serra M, Fahim MMF, Soucheiron MC, Papadoliopoulou M, Wittmann M, Sotiropoulou M, García-Conde M, Ranucci MC, Amo MDAD, Boedo MJM, Velázquez MJM, Pissaridou MK, Petersen ML, Sacras ML, Modolo MM, Caubet MM, Di Nuzzo MM, Ntalouka MP, Menna MP, Aguilera-Arevalo ML, Rela M, Capuano M, Hollyman M, Olivos M, Sacdalan MD, Raphael MC, Takkenberg M, Bortul M, Cabrera M, Castaño M, D'oria M, Giuffrida M, Laborde MM, Rodriguez-Lopez M, Trejo-Avila M, Papa MV, Ghobrial M, Kryzauskas M, Anwer M, Cheetham M, Davies M, Higgins M, Siboe M, Tarle M, Velten M, Wurm M, Süleyman M, Bauer M, O’dwyer M, Caretto M, De La Rosa-Estadella M, Fragoso M, Serra ML, Merayo M, Golet MR, Martínez-Sánchez MI, Domingo MMA, Gosselink M, Batstone M, Reichert M, Salö M, Soljic M, Zambon M, Angeles MA, Abdulkhaleq M, Abdelkarim M, Alsefri M, Iwasaki M, Shiota M, Veroux M, Molina-Corbacho M, Frasson M, Serenari M, De Pastena M, Desio M, Risaliti M, Rottoli M, Bence M, Chan M, Watson M, Wiles M, Boisson M, Berselli M, Capobianco M, Di Bartolomeo M, Fehervari M, Pacilli M, Romano M, Zizzo M, Domanin M, Montuori M, Podda M, Zago M, Dzogbefia M, Frountzas M, Thaw MH, Al-Juaifari M, Gharat M, Mohamed M, Hannan MJ, Venketeswaran M, Chisthi M, Dessalegn M, Kaplan M, Çakıcı MÇ, Ulutaş ME, Hassan M, Elsadek M, Mengesha MG, Gómez ME, Elbadawy MA, Pitcher M, Tanal M, Tokocin M, Ergenç M, Çelik MN, Bareka M, Pekcici MR, Cappuccio M, Dasa M, Dewan M, El Boghdady M, Ezeanochie M, Greenhalgh M, Jenkinson M, Kelly M, Spartalis M, Zyskowski M, Racine M, De Cillia M, Chu MJJ, Mallmann MR, Zhu MZL, Klimovskij M, Vailas M, Kisielewski M, Adamina M, Campanelli M, Carvello M, Ammendola M, Manigrasso M, Scopelliti M, White M, Collins ML, Chevallay M, Borges MF, Mayo-Yáñez M, Melo MR, Ruiz-Marín M, Eiras MAF, Cunha MF, Pertea M, Slavchev M, Davidescu M, Prieto M, Agapov M, Gahwagi M, Prats MC, Rudic M, Verbic MS, Kostusiak M, Stoleriu MG, Lucas MA, Barone M, Ahmad M, Alemu MAA, Fatima M, Ida M, Sahu M, Muhaisen M, Salem M, Emara MM, Oludara M, Sotudeh M, Kassab MB, Abdelkhalek M, Alsori M, Anwar M, El-Kassas M, Elbahnasawy M, Eldabaa M, Rabie M, Hassanin MA, Thaha MA, Ali MSM, Alhamid M, Almoshantaf MB, Keramati MR, Bafaquh M, Abuzaid M, Al-Shehari M, Alharthi M, Alkahlan M, Alwash M, Alyousef M, Amir M, Basendowah M, Deputy M, Jibreel M, Alam MS, Alsharif M, Issahalq MD, Omer MEA, Abubakar MK, Draman MR, Elnour MAE, Eltayeb M, Castillo MN, Jawad M, Raut M, Ghalleb M, Katsura M, Lebe M, Abbas M, Abdelrahman M, Shalaby M, Farhan-Alanie M, Farooq M, Musadaq M, Arshad M, Anjum MA, Usman M, Chaudhary MA, Raza MA, Karim MFSA, Chaudhary MH, Janjua MH, Khokhar MI, Malik MIK, Pirzada MT, Younis MU, Elhadi M, Suer MS, Ergenç M, Binnawara M, Emmanuel M, Abbasi M, Naimzada MD, Kulimbet M, Kusunoki M, Eugene M, Chauhan M, Shokor MA, Aljiffry M, Kalın M, Kurawa M, Dincer MB, Tolani MA, Soytas M, Yakubu M, Usman MI, Aremu M, Paranyak M, Talat N, Kausar N, Dudi-Venkata N, Bazzi N, Hasan NB, Van Wyk NN, Shaban N, Almgla N, Kandevani NY, Alzerwi N, Alvarez N, Motas N, Rincón NAR, Blencowe N, Simon N, Aghtarafi N, Ghuman NK, Sharma N, Wijekoon N, Kumar N, Hassan N, Onyemaechi N, Prijović N, Özçay N, Goel N, Segaren N, Sharma N, Kalyva N, Palacios NM, Alonso NFP, Onyeagwara N, Petrucciani N, Daddi N, Lightfoot N, Power N, Segaren N, Starr N, Dreger NM, Cillara N, Colucci N, Eardley N, Tartaglia N, Zanini N, Bacalbasa N, Campuzano N, Mouawad N, Federico NSP, Tamini N, Mariani NM, Beasley N, Adu-Aryee NA, Burlov N, Dimitrokallis N, Gouvas N, Machairas N, Memos N, Thomakos N, Tsakiridis N, Schizas N, Börner N, Theochari N, Al-Saadi N, Glass N, Horesh N, R NE, Gahlot N, Ismail N, Aljirdabi N, Maria NUH, Trabulsi N, Akeel N, Borges N, Moda N, Redondo NV, Nyarko OO, Ginghina O, Enciu O, Okere O, Ekwunife OH, Quadri O, Ogundoyin O, Tucker O, Mateo-Sierra O, Azzis O, Ojewuyi O, Habeeb O, Idowu O, Elebute O, Agboola O, Ladipo-Ajayi O, Oyinloye O, Adebola O, Ekor O, Ogundoyin O, Salamanca O, Vergara-Fernandez O, Wafi O, Aladawi O, Bahassan OM, Tammo Ö, Ozkan OF, Williams OM, Salami O, Akinajo O, Sakhov O, Gallo O, Sole OM, Milella O, Alser O, Bettar OA, Alomar O, Osman OS, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach O, Basnayake O, Bozbiyik O, Hodges O, Ojo O, Yanık Ö, Mutlu ÖPZ, Kazan O, Calavia P, García PR, Urriza PV, Lopez PR, Christidis P, Dorovinis P, Kokoropoulos P, Mourmouris P, Papatheodorou P, Garg PK, Patel P, Vassiliu P, Campennì P, De Nardi P, Bernante P, Ubiali P, Baroffio P, Pizzini P, Sapienza P, Myrelid P, Chatzikomnitsa P, Tsiantoula P, Gada P, Avella P, Cianci P, Romero P, Méndez PS, Pazmiño PAF, Coughlin P, Kirchweger P, Pessaux P, Maguire PJ, Petrone P, Cullis P, Köglberger P, Marriott P, Nankivell P, Santos-Costa P, Martins PN, Panahi P, Botelho P, Teixeira P, Escobar P, Vázquez PJG, Gribnev P, Nolte P, Agbonrofo P, Bobak 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Amin S, Ahmad S, Shoukrie SIM, Karar S, Patkar S, Abdulsalam S, Lin S, Hegde S, Fiorelli S, Quaresima S, Redondo SV, Palmisano S, Ruggiero S, Balogun S, Cais S, Cole S, Federer S, Le Roux S, Ippoliti S, Meneghini S, Viola S, Manfredelli S, Novello S, Gananadha S, Mesli SN, Kale S, Tani SI, Malik S, Anastasiadou S, Boligo S, Esposito S, Valanci S, Xenaki S, Pejkova S, Bandyopadhyay S, Trungu S, Basu S, Alkhatib S, Pérez-Bertólez S, Flores SL, Donoghue S, Lunca S, Orsoo S, Potamianos S, Devarakonda S, Suresh S, Croghan SM, Turi S, Capella S, Lucchini S, Magnone S, Salizzoni S, Scabini S, Scaringi S, Cioffi SPB, Seyfried S, Degener S, Potten S, Taha-Mehlitz S, Ali S, Angamuthu S, Mcaleer S, Knight SR, White S, Mantziari S, Kykalos S, Goh SK, Chowdhury SP, Ibrahim S, Elzwai S, Bansal S, Tripathy S, Amrayev S, Anwar SL, Banerjee S, Thakar S, Saeed S, Venkatappa SK, Das S, Techapongsatorn S, Dube SK, Lee S, González-Suárez S, Henriques S, Konjevoda S, Gisbertz S, Bravo SL, Mannan S, Bukhari SI, Zafar SN, Batista S, Chin SL, Arif T, Lawal TA, Aktokmakyan TV, Osborn T, Szakmany T, Sztipits T, Triantafyllou T, Valadez TAC, Singh T, Khaliq T, Patel T, Fadalla T, Jichi T, Sammour T, Al-Shaiji T, Naggs T, Barišić T, Nikolouzakis T, Bisgin T, Perra T, Uprak TK, Dagklis T, Liakakos T, Sidiropoulos T, Adjeso TJK, Dölker T, Oung T, Aherne T, Diehl T, Pinkney T, Raymond T, Rhomberg T, Schmitz-Rixen T, Madhuri TK, Lohmann TK, Yeoh T, Zaimis T, Bright T, Vilz TO, Glowka TR, Board T, Hardcastle T, Cohnert T, Mahečić TT, William TG, Klatte T, Abbott T, Watcyn-Jones T, Mendes T, Kulis T, Sečan T, Campagnaro T, Frisoni T, Simoncini T, Violante T, Safranovs TJ, Risteski T, Pang T, Akinyemi T, Yotsov T, Laeke T, Kochiyama T, Sholadoye TT, Alekberli T, Ezomike U, Giustizieri U, Grossi U, Köksoy ÜC, Bork U, Kisser U, Ronellenfitsch U, Saeed U, Bracale U, Jayarajah U, Rauf UHA, Bumbasirevic U, Ferrer UMJ, Ahmed U, Bello UM, Jogiat U, Sadia U, Galandarov V, Narayanan V, Calu V, Bianchi V, Ciniero V, Tonini V, Silvestri V, Vijay V, Dewan V, Lohsiriwat V, Thuduvage V, Mousafeiris V, Dragisic V, Sasireka V, Santric V, Kusuma VRM, Kolli VS, Alonso V, De Simone V, Picotti V, Martínez VM, Panduro-Correa V, Kakotkin V, Angulo VP, Turrado-Rodriguez V, Krishnamoorthy V, Ban VS, Shah V, Maiola V, Giordano V, La Vaccara V, Lizzi V, Papagni V, Schiavone V, Satchithanantham V, Garcia-Virto V, Jimenez V, Kumar V, Shelat V, Bhat V, Sodhai V, Graziadei V, Kutuzov V, Stoyanov V, Oktseloglou V, Flis V, Elhassan WAF, Yang W, Soon WC, Tashkandi W, Al-Khyatt W, Mabood W, Bijou W, Wijenayake W, D W, Krawczyk W, Atkins W, Bolton W, White W, Ceelen W, Vagena X, Gozal Y, Baba YI, Subramani Y, Jansen Y, Mittal Y, Kara Y, Zwain Y, Noureldin Y, Alawneh Y, Aydin Y, Lam YH, Tang Y, Lim Y, Dean Y, Tanas Y, Su YX, Fujimoto Y, Altinel Y, Frolova Y, Oshodi Y, Fadel ZT, Zahid Z, Elahi Z, Djama Z, Zaheen Z, Jawad Z, Demetrashvili Z, Gebremeskel Z, Gudisa Z, Alyami Z, Garoufalia Z, Li Z, Zimak Z, Radin Z, Balogh ZJ. Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries. Br J Surg 2023; 110:804-817. [PMID: 37079880 PMCID: PMC10364528 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. METHODS This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low-middle-income countries. RESULTS In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of 'single-use' consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low-middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high- and low-middle-income countries.
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Liu YJ, Smith A, Knap M, Pollmann F. Model-Independent Learning of Quantum Phases of Matter with Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:220603. [PMID: 37327416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.220603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) have been introduced as classifiers for gapped quantum phases of matter. Here, we propose a model-independent protocol for training QCNNs to discover order parameters that are unchanged under phase-preserving perturbations. We initiate the training sequence with the fixed-point wave functions of the quantum phase and add translation-invariant noise that respects the symmetries of the system to mask the fixed-point structure on short length scales. We illustrate this approach by training the QCNN on phases protected by time-reversal symmetry in one dimension, and test it on several time-reversal symmetric models exhibiting trivial, symmetry-breaking, and symmetry-protected topological order. The QCNN discovers a set of order parameters that identifies all three phases and accurately predicts the location of the phase boundary. The proposed protocol paves the way toward hardware-efficient training of quantum phase classifiers on a programmable quantum processor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Liu
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Adam Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Knap
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Frank Pollmann
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
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Lee E, Vansia R, Phelan J, Lofano A, Smith A, Wang A, Bilodeau GJ, Pernal SF, Guarna MM, Rott M, Griffiths JS. Area Wide Monitoring of Plant and Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera) Viruses in Blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum) Agroecosystems Facilitated by Honey Bee Pollination. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051209. [PMID: 37243295 DOI: 10.3390/v15051209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy agroecosystems are dependent on a complex web of factors and inter-species interactions. Flowers are hubs for pathogen transmission, including the horizontal or vertical transmission of plant-viruses and the horizontal transmission of bee-viruses. Pollination by the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is critical for industrial fruit production, but bees can also vector viruses and other pathogens between individuals. Here, we utilized commercial honey bee pollination services in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) farms for a metagenomics-based bee and plant virus monitoring system. Following RNA sequencing, viruses were identified by mapping reads to a reference sequence database through the bioinformatics portal Virtool. In total, 29 unique plant viral species were found at two blueberry farms in British Columbia (BC). Nine viruses were identified at one site in Ontario (ON), five of which were not identified in BC. Ilarviruses blueberry shock virus (BlShV) and prune dwarf virus (PDV) were the most frequently detected viruses in BC but absent in ON, while nepoviruses tomato ringspot virus and tobacco ringspot virus were common in ON but absent in BC. BlShV coat protein (CP) nucleotide sequences were nearly identical in all samples, while PDV CP sequences were more diverse, suggesting multiple strains of PDV circulating at this site. Ten bee-infecting viruses were identified, with black queen cell virus frequently detected in ON and BC. Area-wide bee-mediated pathogen monitoring can provide new insights into the diversity of viruses present in, and the health of, bee-pollination ecosystems. This approach can be limited by a short sampling season, biased towards pollen-transmitted viruses, and the plant material collected by bees can be very diverse. This can obscure the origin of some viruses, but bee-mediated virus monitoring can be an effective preliminary monitoring approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunseo Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada
| | - Raj Vansia
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - James Phelan
- Sidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Andrea Lofano
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada
| | - Adam Smith
- Sidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Aiming Wang
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Guillaume J Bilodeau
- Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Rd., Ottawa, ON K2J 4S1, Canada
| | - Stephen F Pernal
- Beaverlodge Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, Canada
| | - M Marta Guarna
- Beaverlodge Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, Canada
| | - Michael Rott
- Sidney Laboratory, Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Rd., North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Griffiths
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
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Rodrigues CMC, MacDonald L, Ure R, Smith A, Cameron JC, Maiden MCJ. Exploiting Real-Time Genomic Surveillance Data To Assess 4CMenB Meningococcal Vaccine Performance in Scotland, 2015 to 2022. mBio 2023; 14:e0049923. [PMID: 37036356 PMCID: PMC10127610 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00499-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The United Kingdom implemented the first national infant immunization schedule for the meningococcal vaccine 4CMenB (Bexsero) in September 2015, targeting serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Bexsero contains four variable subcapsular proteins, and postimplementation IMD surveillance was necessary, as nonhomologous protein variants can evade Bexsero-elicited protection. We investigated postimplementation IMD cases reported in Scotland from 1 September 2015 to 30 June 2022. Patient demographics and vaccination status were combined with genotypic data from the causative meningococci, which were used to assess vaccine coverage with the meningococcal deduced vaccine antigen reactivity (MenDeVAR) index. Eighty-two serogroup B IMD cases occurred in children >5 years of age, 48 (58.5%) of which were in unvaccinated children and 34 (41%) of which were in children who had received ≥1 Bexsero dose. Fifteen of the 34 vaccinated children had received one dose, 17 had received two doses, and two had received three doses. For 39 cases, meningococcal sequence data were available, enabling MenDeVAR index deductions of vaccine-preventable (M-VP) and non-vaccine-preventable (M-NVP) meningococci. Notably, none of the 19 of the children immunized ≥2 times had IMD caused by M-VP meningococci, with 2 cases of NVP meningococci, and no deduction possible for 17. Among the 15 children partially vaccinated according to schedule (1 dose), 7 were infected by M-VP meningococci and 2 with M-NVP meningococci, with 6 for which deductions were not possible. Of the unvaccinated children with IMD, 40/48 were ineligible for vaccination and 20/48 had IMD caused by M-VP meningococci, with deductions not being possible for 14 meningococci. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates the value of postimplementation genomic surveillance of vaccine-preventable pathogens in providing information on real-world vaccine performance. The data are consistent with 2 and 3 doses of Bexsero, delivered according to schedule, providing good protection against invasive disease caused by meningococci deduced from genomic data to be vaccine preventable. Single doses provide poorer protection to infants. In practical terms, these data can provide public health reassurance when vaccinated individuals develop IMD with non-vaccine-preventable variants. They further indicate that additional testing is needed on variants for which no immunological data exist to improve estimates of protection, although these data suggest that the uncharacterized variants are unlikely to be covered by Bexsero. Finally, the confirmation that incomplete or absent doses in infancy lead to reduced protection supports public health and general practitioners in promoting vaccination according to schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M C Rodrigues
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - L MacDonald
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow/Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R Ure
- Bacterial Respiratory Infection Service, Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Smith
- Bacterial Respiratory Infection Service, Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Glasgow Dental Hospital & School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J C Cameron
- Public Health Scotland, Glasgow/Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M C J Maiden
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Iasella C, Smith A, Sacha L, Zhuang M, Sanchez P, Hage C, McDyer J, Moore C. Safety and Effectiveness of Extended Duration Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in High-Risk Lung Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Nowaczyk J, McFarland K, Smith A, Puglisi L, Ber F. The Effect of the ENABLE-LVAD Program on Caregiver Strain and Sleep Quality in Ventricular Assist Device Caregivers. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Fox A, Smith A, Murphy C, Bussmann N, McCallion N. How can we improve the retention of doctors. Ir Med J 2023; 116:741. [PMID: 36976614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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Fox A, Smith A, Murphy C, Bussmann N, McCallion N. How can we improve retention of doctors. Ir Med J 2023; 116:741. [PMID: 37010476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Fullerton J, Bettencourt C, Daniels M, Mclean F, Simpson S, Smith A, Woodling N, Kerr F. Creating connections: developing an online space for cross-regional mentorship and network building in the dementia research field. AMRC Open Res 2023; 4:22. [PMID: 37323472 PMCID: PMC7614661 DOI: 10.12688/amrcopenres.13091.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Effective development and retention of talented early-career researchers (ECRs) is essential to the continued success of biomedical science research fields. To this end, formal mentorship programmes (where researchers are paired with one or more mentors beyond their direct manager) have proven to be successful in providing support and expanding career development opportunities. However, many programmes are limited to pools of mentors and mentees within one institute or geographical area, highlighting that cross-regional connections may be a missed opportunity in many mentorship schemes. Methods Here, we aimed to address this limitation through our pilot cross-regional mentorship scheme, creating reciprocal mentor-mentee pairings between two pre-established networks of Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK) Network-associated researchers. We carefully created 21 mentor-mentee pairings between the Scotland and University College London (UCL) networks in 2021, with surveys conducted to assess mentor/mentee satisfaction with the programme. Results Participants reported very high satisfaction with the nature of the pairings and the mentors' contribution to the career development of mentees; a majority also reported that the mentorship scheme increased their connections outside of their home network. Our assessment of this pilot programme is that it supports the utility of cross-regional mentorship schemes for ECR development. At the same time, we highlight the limitations of our programme and recommend areas for improvement in future programmes, including greater consideration of support for minoritized groups and the need for additional training for mentors. Conclusions In conclusion, our pilot scheme generated successful and novel mentor-mentee pairings across pre-existing networks; both of which reported high satisfaction with pairings, ECR career and personal development, and the formation of new cross-network connections. This pilot may serve as a model for other networks of biomedical researchers, where existing networks within medical research charities can act as a scaffold to build new cross-regional career development opportunities for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie Fullerton
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Conceicao Bettencourt
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Queen Square Brain Bank, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University Collage London, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Michael Daniels
- UK Dementia Research Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Fiona Mclean
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Susan Simpson
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Adam Smith
- Institute of Neurology, University Collage London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Nathan Woodling
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University Collage London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Fiona Kerr
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK
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Skelton E, Smith A, Harrison G, Rutherford M, Ayers S, Malamateniou C. “It has been the most difficult time in my career”: A qualitative exploration of UK obstetric sonographers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:582-589. [PMID: 37004376 PMCID: PMC10027955 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Substantial changes were made to the provision of pregnancy ultrasound services during the COVID-19 pandemic with the intention of minimising virus transmission and maintaining service continuity. Published literature describing the impact of the pandemic on obstetric sonographers is predominantly quantitative in nature, however statistics cannot fully convey sonographers’ voices. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of UK obstetric sonographers performing pregnancy ultrasound scans during the pandemic. Methods A UK-wide, online, anonymous cross-sectional survey on Qualtrics XMTM was open to responses between 9th March and 6th May 2021. Whilst this survey contained some quantitative elements, open questions were included to capture additional qualitative detail from respondents about their perceptions and experiences of scanning during the pandemic. Key themes were generated from free text responses using thematic analysis. Results Written responses were received from 111/138 sonographers participating in the survey. Five themes were generated, depicting the impact of the pandemic on obstetric sonographers: 1) continuity in a crisis; 2) decisions about me, without me; 3) battle scars – the lasting damage of COVID-19; 4) what people think I do vs. what I really do; and 5) the human touch. A cross-cutting theme was sonographers’ feelings of disconnection from senior figures and expectant parents which created a sense of abandonment and distrust. Conclusion Survey respondents’ self-reported experiences of ineffective leadership and management, and perceived lack of understanding of the complexity of the sonographer role are potential contributory factors in the high levels of moral injury and occupational burnout reported within the workforce during the pandemic. Implications for practice Moral injury support and healing must be prioritised to enable the recovery of the obstetric ultrasound workforce in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Skelton
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - A Smith
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - G Harrison
- Society and College of Radiographers, London, SE1 2EW, UK
| | - M Rutherford
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - S Ayers
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - C Malamateniou
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK; Haute Ecole de Santé Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Loh MM, Yaxley N, Moore G, Holmes D, Todd S, Smith A, Macdonald E, Semple S, Cherrie M, Patel M, Hamill R, Leckie A, Dancer SJ, Cherrie JW. Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 in air and on surfaces in Scottish hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2023; 133:1-7. [PMID: 36473553 PMCID: PMC9721166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are still uncertainties in our knowledge of the amount of SARS-CoV-2 virus present in the environment - where it can be found, and potential exposure determinants - limiting our ability to effectively model and compare interventions for risk management. AIM This study measured SARS-CoV-2 in three hospitals in Scotland on surfaces and in air, alongside ventilation and patient care activities. METHODS Air sampling at 200 L/min for 20 min and surface sampling were performed in two wards designated to treat COVID-19-positive patients and two non-COVID-19 wards across three hospitals in November and December 2020. FINDINGS Detectable samples of SARS-CoV-2 were found in COVID-19 treatment wards but not in non-COVID-19 wards. Most samples were below assay detection limits, but maximum concentrations reached 1.7×103 genomic copies/m3 in air and 1.9×104 copies per surface swab (3.2×102 copies/cm2 for surface loading). The estimated geometric mean air concentration (geometric standard deviation) across all hospitals was 0.41 (71) genomic copies/m3 and the corresponding values for surface contamination were 2.9 (29) copies/swab. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in non-patient areas (patient/visitor waiting rooms and personal protective equipment changing areas) associated with COVID-19 treatment wards. CONCLUSION Non-patient areas of the hospital may pose risks for infection transmission and further attention should be paid to these areas. Standardization of sampling methods will improve understanding of levels of environmental contamination. The pandemic has demonstrated a need to review and act upon the challenges of older hospital buildings meeting current ventilation guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - N Yaxley
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, UK
| | - G Moore
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, UK
| | - D Holmes
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S Todd
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Smith
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - S Semple
- Institute for Social Marketing & Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - M Cherrie
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | - S J Dancer
- NHS Lanarkshire, UK; Edinburgh Napier University, UK
| | - J W Cherrie
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK; Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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Billingsley J, Forster DE, Russell VM, Smith A, Burnette JL, Ohtsubo Y, Lieberman D, McCullough ME. Perceptions of relationship value and exploitation risk mediate the effects of transgressors' post-harm communications upon forgiveness. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Duran B, Meziani ZE, Joosten S, Jones MK, Prasad S, Peng C, Armstrong W, Atac H, Chudakov E, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Boer M, Camsonne A, Chen JP, Dalton MM, Deokar N, Diefenthaler M, Dunne J, El Fassi L, Fuchey E, Gao H, Gaskell D, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Higinbotham D, Jia S, Karki A, Keppel C, King P, Ko HS, Li X, Li R, Mack D, Malace S, McCaughan M, McClellan RE, Michaels R, Meekins D, Paolone M, Pentchev L, Pooser E, Puckett A, Radloff R, Rehfuss M, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Sawatzky B, Smith A, Sparveris N, Szumila-Vance H, Wood S, Xie J, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhao Z. Determining the gluonic gravitational form factors of the proton. Nature 2023; 615:813-816. [PMID: 36991189 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The proton is one of the main building blocks of all visible matter in the Universe1. Among its intrinsic properties are its electric charge, mass and spin2. These properties emerge from the complex dynamics of its fundamental constituents-quarks and gluons-described by the theory of quantum chromodynamics3-5. The electric charge and spin of protons, which are shared among the quarks, have been investigated previously using electron scattering2. An example is the highly precise measurement of the electric charge radius of the proton6. By contrast, little is known about the inner mass density of the proton, which is dominated by the energy carried by gluons. Gluons are hard to access using electron scattering because they do not carry an electromagnetic charge. Here we investigated the gravitational density of gluons using a small colour dipole, through the threshold photoproduction of the J/ψ particle. We determined the gluonic gravitational form factors of the proton7,8 from our measurement. We used a variety of models9-11 and determined, in all cases, a mass radius that is notably smaller than the electric charge radius. In some, but not all cases, depending on the model, the determined radius agrees well with first-principle predictions from lattice quantum chromodynamics12. This work paves the way for a deeper understanding of the salient role of gluons in providing gravitational mass to visible matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Duran
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Z-E Meziani
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - S Joosten
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - M K Jones
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - S Prasad
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - C Peng
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - W Armstrong
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - H Atac
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E Chudakov
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - D Bhetuwal
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - M Boer
- Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M M Dalton
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - N Deokar
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Diefenthaler
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - J Dunne
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - H Gao
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - O Hansen
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - D Higinbotham
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - S Jia
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Karki
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - P King
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - H S Ko
- CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - X Li
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Mack
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - S Malace
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M McCaughan
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - R E McClellan
- Natural Sciences Department, Pensacola State College, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - D Meekins
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Michael Paolone
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Pentchev
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - E Pooser
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - A Puckett
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - R Radloff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - M Rehfuss
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - S Riordan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - A Smith
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - N Sparveris
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Szumila-Vance
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - S Wood
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - J Xie
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Z Ye
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - C Yero
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Bertoncelli Tanaka M, Smith A, Mannion E, Yeung M, Lloyd J, Silvanto A, Asakra R, Winkler M, Ahmed H. Is immunohistochemistry relevant for the diagnosis of prostate cancer? A 2-year retrospective analysis in a single tertiary centre in the UK. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Abratenko P, Andrade Aldana D, Anthony J, Arellano L, Asaadi J, Ashkenazi A, Balasubramanian S, Baller B, Barr G, Barrow J, Basque V, Bathe-Peters L, Benevides Rodrigues O, Berkman S, Bhanderi A, Bhattacharya M, Bishai M, Blake A, Bogart B, Bolton T, Book JY, Camilleri L, Caratelli D, Caro Terrazas I, Cavanna F, Cerati G, Chen Y, Conrad JM, Convery M, Cooper-Troendle L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Del Tutto M, Dennis SR, Detje P, Devitt A, Diurba R, Dorrill R, Duffy K, Dytman S, Eberly B, Ereditato A, Evans JJ, Fine R, Finnerud OG, Foreman W, Fleming BT, Foppiani N, Franco D, Furmanski AP, Garcia-Gamez D, Gardiner S, Ge G, Gollapinni S, Goodwin O, Gramellini E, Green P, Greenlee H, Gu W, Guenette R, Guzowski P, Hagaman L, Hen O, Hicks R, Hilgenberg C, Horton-Smith GA, Irwin B, Itay R, James C, Ji X, Jiang L, Jo JH, Johnson RA, Jwa YJ, Kalra D, Kamp N, Karagiorgi G, Ketchum W, Kirby M, Kobilarcik T, Kreslo I, Leibovitch MB, Lepetic I, Li JY, Li K, Li Y, Lin K, Littlejohn BR, Louis WC, Luo X, Manivannan K, Mariani C, Marsden D, Marshall J, Martinez N, Martinez Caicedo DA, Mason K, Mastbaum A, McConkey N, Meddage V, Miller K, Mills J, Mogan A, Mohayai T, Mooney M, Moor AF, Moore CD, Mora Lepin L, Mousseau J, Mulleriababu S, Naples D, Navrer-Agasson A, Nayak N, Nebot-Guinot M, Nowak J, Nunes M, Oza N, Palamara O, Pallat N, Paolone V, Papadopoulou A, Papavassiliou V, Parkinson HB, Pate SF, Patel N, Pavlovic Z, Piasetzky E, Ponce-Pinto ID, Pophale I, Prince S, Qian X, Raaf JL, Radeka V, Reggiani-Guzzo M, Ren L, Rochester L, Rodriguez Rondon J, Rosenberg M, Ross-Lonergan M, Rudolf von Rohr C, Scanavini G, Schmitz DW, Schukraft A, Seligman W, Shaevitz MH, Sharankova R, Shi J, Smith A, Snider EL, Soderberg M, Söldner-Rembold S, Spitz J, Stancari M, St John J, Strauss T, Sword-Fehlberg S, Szelc AM, Tang W, Taniuchi N, Terao K, Thorpe C, Torbunov D, Totani D, Toups M, Tsai YT, Tyler J, Uchida MA, Usher T, Viren B, Weber M, Wei H, White AJ, Williams Z, Wolbers S, Wongjirad T, Wospakrik M, Wresilo K, Wright N, Wu W, Yandel E, Yang T, Yates LE, Yu HW, Zeller GP, Zennamo J, Zhang C. First Constraints on Light Sterile Neutrino Oscillations from Combined Appearance and Disappearance Searches with the MicroBooNE Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:011801. [PMID: 36669216 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a search for eV-scale sterile neutrino oscillations in the MicroBooNE liquid argon detector, simultaneously considering all possible appearance and disappearance effects within the 3+1 active-to-sterile neutrino oscillation framework. We analyze the neutrino candidate events for the recent measurements of charged-current ν_{e} and ν_{μ} interactions in the MicroBooNE detector, using data corresponding to an exposure of 6.37×10^{20} protons on target from the Fermilab booster neutrino beam. We observe no evidence of light sterile neutrino oscillations and derive exclusion contours at the 95% confidence level in the plane of the mass-squared splitting Δm_{41}^{2} and the sterile neutrino mixing angles θ_{μe} and θ_{ee}, excluding part of the parameter space allowed by experimental anomalies. Cancellation of ν_{e} appearance and ν_{e} disappearance effects due to the full 3+1 treatment of the analysis leads to a degeneracy when determining the oscillation parameters, which is discussed in this Letter and will be addressed by future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abratenko
- Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - D Andrade Aldana
- Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - J Anthony
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - L Arellano
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Asaadi
- University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - A Ashkenazi
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 69978
| | - S Balasubramanian
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - B Baller
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Barr
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Barrow
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 69978
| | - V Basque
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | | | | | - S Berkman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Bhanderi
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M Bhattacharya
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Bishai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Blake
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - B Bogart
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - T Bolton
- Kansas State University (KSU), Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - J Y Book
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - L Camilleri
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - D Caratelli
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - I Caro Terrazas
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - F Cavanna
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Cerati
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Y Chen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L Cooper-Troendle
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J I Crespo-Anadón
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - M Del Tutto
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - P Detje
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - A Devitt
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - R Diurba
- Universität Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - R Dorrill
- Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - K Duffy
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Dytman
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - B Eberly
- University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine 04104, USA
| | | | - J J Evans
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Fine
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - O G Finnerud
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - W Foreman
- Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - B T Fleming
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Foppiani
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - D Franco
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A P Furmanski
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | - S Gardiner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Ge
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - S Gollapinni
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - O Goodwin
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - E Gramellini
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Green
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - H Greenlee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Guenette
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - P Guzowski
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - L Hagaman
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - O Hen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Hicks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C Hilgenberg
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | - B Irwin
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R Itay
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - X Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Jiang
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - J H Jo
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R A Johnson
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Y-J Jwa
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - D Kalra
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - N Kamp
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Karagiorgi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - W Ketchum
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Kirby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Kobilarcik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - I Kreslo
- Universität Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - M B Leibovitch
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - I Lepetic
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - J-Y Li
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - K Li
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Lin
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - B R Littlejohn
- Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - W C Louis
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - X Luo
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - K Manivannan
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - C Mariani
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - D Marsden
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Marshall
- University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - N Martinez
- Kansas State University (KSU), Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - D A Martinez Caicedo
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSMT), Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - K Mason
- Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - A Mastbaum
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - N McConkey
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - V Meddage
- Kansas State University (KSU), Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - K Miller
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Mills
- Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - A Mogan
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - T Mohayai
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Mooney
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - A F Moor
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - C D Moore
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Mora Lepin
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Mousseau
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - D Naples
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - A Navrer-Agasson
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - N Nayak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Nebot-Guinot
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - M Nunes
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - N Oza
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - O Palamara
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Pallat
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - A Papadopoulou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University (NMSU), Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H B Parkinson
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University (NMSU), Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - N Patel
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - Z Pavlovic
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Piasetzky
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 69978
| | - I D Ponce-Pinto
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - I Pophale
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - S Prince
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - X Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J L Raaf
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - V Radeka
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Reggiani-Guzzo
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - L Ren
- New Mexico State University (NMSU), Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L Rochester
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Rodriguez Rondon
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSMT), Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - M Rosenberg
- Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M Ross-Lonergan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | - G Scanavini
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D W Schmitz
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Schukraft
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W Seligman
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - M H Shaevitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - R Sharankova
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Shi
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - A Smith
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - E L Snider
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Soderberg
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | | | - J Spitz
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - M Stancari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J St John
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Strauss
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Sword-Fehlberg
- New Mexico State University (NMSU), Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A M Szelc
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - W Tang
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - N Taniuchi
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - K Terao
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Thorpe
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - D Torbunov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Totani
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - M Toups
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Y-T Tsai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Tyler
- Kansas State University (KSU), Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M A Uchida
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - T Usher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Weber
- Universität Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - H Wei
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - A J White
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Z Williams
- University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - S Wolbers
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Wongjirad
- Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M Wospakrik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Wresilo
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - N Wright
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Wu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Yandel
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - T Yang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L E Yates
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H W Yu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G P Zeller
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Zennamo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Trang P, Smith A, Liu F. Mapping of RNase P Ribozyme Regions in Proximity with a Human RNase P Subunit Protein Using Fe(II)-EDTA Cleavage and Nuclease Footprint Analyses. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2666:55-67. [PMID: 37166656 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3191-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ribonuclease P (RNase P), which may consist of both protein subunits and a catalytic RNA part, is responsible for 5' maturation of tRNA by cleaving the 5'-leader sequence. In Escherichia coli, RNase P contains a catalytic RNA subunit (M1 RNA) and a protein factor (C5 protein). In human cells, RNase P holoenzyme consists of an RNA subunit (H1 RNA) and multiple protein subunits that include human RPP29 protein. M1GS, a sequence specific targeting ribozyme derived from M1 RNA, can be constructed to target a specific mRNA to degrade it in vitro. Recent studies have shown that M1GS ribozymes are efficient in blocking the expression of viral mRNAs in cultured cells and in animals. These results suggest that RNase P ribozymes have the potential to be useful in basic research and in clinical applications. It has been shown that RNase P binding proteins, such as C5 protein and RPP29, can enhance the activities of M1GS RNA in processing a natural tRNA substrate and a target mRNA. Understanding how RPP29 binds to M1GS RNA and enhances the enzyme's catalytic activity will provide great insight into developing more robust gene-targeting ribozymes for in vivo application. In this chapter, we describe the methods of using Fe(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) cleavage and nuclease footprint analyses to determine the regions of a M1GS ribozyme that are in proximity to RPP29 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong Trang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Adam Smith
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Fenyong Liu
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Smith A, Turoczi Z, Valencia O, Zilahi G. DURATION OF HYPOTENSION IS A PREDICTOR OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN THE POST-CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENT. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Turoczi Z, Smith A, Valencia O, Kim C, Zilahi G. HYPOTENSION PREDICTABILITY INDEX, A NEW TOOL TO PREDICT HYPOTENSION AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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McLeod IM, Hein MY, Babcock R, Bay L, Bourne DG, Cook N, Doropoulos C, Gibbs M, Harrison P, Lockie S, van Oppen MJH, Mattocks N, Page CA, Randall CJ, Smith A, Smith HA, Suggett DJ, Taylor B, Vella KJ, Wachenfeld D, Boström-Einarsson L. Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273325. [PMID: 36449458 PMCID: PMC9710771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines in coral cover have triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention and restoration actions into management frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted intervention approaches that have developed in Australia since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research to enhance coral resilience and investigations into socio-economic perspectives on restoration goals. We describe in-water projects using coral gardening, substrate stabilisation, coral repositioning, macro-algae removal, and larval-based restoration techniques. Three areas of research focus are also presented to illustrate the breadth of Australian research on coral restoration, (1) the transdisciplinary Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program (RRAP), one of the world's largest research and development programs focused on coral reefs, (2) interventions to enhance coral performance under climate change, and (3) research into socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these projects and the recent research focus reflect an increasing urgency for action to confront the coral reef crisis, develop new and additional tools to manage coral reefs, and the consequent increase in funding opportunities and management appetite for implementation. The rapid progress in trialling and deploying coral restoration in Australia builds on decades of overseas experience, and advances in research and development are showing positive signs that coral restoration can be a valuable tool to improve resilience at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across a variety of methods and coral species, strong community engagement with local stakeholders). RRAP is focused on creating interventions to help coral reefs at multiple scales, from micro scales (i.e., interventions targeting small areas within a specific reef site) to large scales (i.e., interventions targeting core ecosystem function and social-economic values at multiple select sites across the Great Barrier Reef) to resist, adapt to and recover from the impacts of climate change. None of these interventions aim to single-handedly restore the entirety of the Great Barrier Reef, nor do they negate the importance of urgent climate change mitigation action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. McLeod
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Margaux Y. Hein
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- MER Research and Consulting, The Office, Monaco, Monaco
- * E-mail:
| | - Russ Babcock
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Line Bay
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - David G. Bourne
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Nathan Cook
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Reef Ecologic, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Mark Gibbs
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Harrison
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stewart Lockie
- The Cairns Institute, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madeleine J. H. van Oppen
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neil Mattocks
- Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cathie A. Page
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carly J. Randall
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adam Smith
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Reef Ecologic, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hillary A. Smith
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J. Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Taylor
- Land & Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karen J. Vella
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Wachenfeld
- Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lisa Boström-Einarsson
- TropWATER (Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Hahn T, Daymont C, Beukelman T, Groh B, Hays K, Bingham CA, Scalzi L, Abel N, Abulaban K, Adams A, Adams M, Agbayani R, Aiello J, Akoghlanian S, Alejandro C, Allenspach E, Alperin R, Alpizar M, Amarilyo G, Ambler W, Anderson E, Ardoin S, Armendariz S, Baker E, Balboni I, Balevic S, Ballenger L, Ballinger S, Balmuri N, Barbar-Smiley F, Barillas-Arias L, Basiaga M, Baszis K, Becker M, Bell-Brunson H, Beltz E, Benham H, Benseler S, Bernal W, Beukelman T, Bigley T, Binstadt B, Black C, Blakley M, Bohnsack J, Boland J, Boneparth A, Bowman S, Bracaglia C, Brooks E, Brothers M, Brown A, Brunner H, Buckley M, Buckley M, Bukulmez H, Bullock D, Cameron B, Canna S, Cannon L, Carper P, Cartwright V, Cassidy E, Cerracchio L, Chalom E, Chang J, Chang-Hoftman A, Chauhan V, Chira P, Chinn T, Chundru K, Clairman H, Co D, Confair A, Conlon H, Connor R, Cooper A, Cooper J, Cooper S, Correll C, Corvalan R, Costanzo D, Cron R, Curiel-Duran L, Curington T, Curry M, Dalrymple A, Davis A, Davis C, Davis C, Davis T, De Benedetti F, De Ranieri D, Dean J, Dedeoglu F, DeGuzman M, Delnay N, Dempsey V, DeSantis E, Dickson T, Dingle J, Donaldson B, Dorsey E, Dover S, Dowling J, Drew J, Driest K, Du Q, Duarte K, Durkee D, Duverger E, Dvergsten J, Eberhard A, Eckert M, Ede K, Edelheit B, Edens C, Edens C, Edgerly Y, Elder M, Ervin B, Fadrhonc S, Failing C, Fair D, Falcon M, Favier L, Federici S, Feldman B, Fennell J, Ferguson I, Ferguson P, Ferreira B, Ferrucho R, Fields K, Finkel T, Fitzgerald M, Fleming C, Flynn O, Fogel L, Fox E, Fox M, Franco L, Freeman M, Fritz K, Froese S, Fuhlbrigge R, Fuller J, George N, Gerhold K, Gerstbacher D, Gilbert M, Gillispie-Taylor M, Giverc E, Godiwala C, Goh I, Goheer H, Goldsmith D, Gotschlich E, Gotte A, Gottlieb B, Gracia C, Graham T, Grevich S, Griffin T, Griswold J, Grom A, Guevara M, Guittar P, Guzman M, Hager M, Hahn T, Halyabar O, Hammelev E, Hance M, Hanson A, Harel L, Haro S, Harris J, Harry O, Hartigan E, Hausmann J, Hay A, Hayward K, Heiart J, Hekl K, Henderson L, Henrickson M, Hersh A, Hickey K, Hill P, Hillyer S, Hiraki L, Hiskey M, Hobday P, Hoffart C, Holland M, Hollander M, Hong S, Horwitz M, Hsu J, Huber A, Huggins J, Hui-Yuen J, Hung C, Huntington J, Huttenlocher A, Ibarra M, Imundo L, Inman C, Insalaco A, Jackson A, Jackson S, James K, Janow G, Jaquith J, Jared S, Johnson N, Jones J, Jones J, Jones J, Jones K, Jones S, Joshi S, Jung L, Justice C, Justiniano A, Karan N, Kaufman K, Kemp A, Kessler E, Khalsa U, Kienzle B, Kim S, Kimura Y, Kingsbury D, Kitcharoensakkul M, Klausmeier T, Klein K, Klein-Gitelman M, Kompelien B, Kosikowski A, Kovalick L, Kracker J, Kramer S, Kremer C, Lai J, Lam J, Lang B, Lapidus S, Lapin B, Lasky A, Latham D, Lawson E, Laxer R, Lee P, Lee P, Lee T, Lentini L, Lerman M, Levy D, Li S, Lieberman S, Lim L, Lin C, Ling N, Lingis M, Lo M, Lovell D, Lowman D, Luca N, Lvovich S, Madison C, Madison J, Manzoni SM, Malla B, Maller J, Malloy M, Mannion M, Manos C, Marques L, Martyniuk A, Mason T, Mathus S, McAllister L, McCarthy K, McConnell K, McCormick E, McCurdy D, Stokes PMC, McGuire S, McHale I, McMonagle A, McMullen-Jackson C, Meidan E, Mellins E, Mendoza E, Mercado R, Merritt A, Michalowski L, Miettunen P, Miller M, Milojevic D, Mirizio E, Misajon E, Mitchell M, Modica R, Mohan S, Moore K, Moorthy L, Morgan S, Dewitt EM, Moss C, Moussa T, Mruk V, Murphy A, Muscal E, Nadler R, Nahal B, Nanda K, Nasah N, Nassi L, Nativ S, Natter M, Neely J, Nelson B, Newhall L, Ng L, Nicholas J, Nicolai R, Nigrovic P, Nocton J, Nolan B, Oberle E, Obispo B, O’Brien B, O’Brien T, Okeke O, Oliver M, Olson J, O’Neil K, Onel K, Orandi A, Orlando M, Osei-Onomah S, Oz R, Pagano E, Paller A, Pan N, Panupattanapong S, Pardeo M, Paredes J, Parsons A, Patel J, Pentakota K, Pepmueller P, Pfeiffer T, Phillippi K, Marafon DP, Phillippi K, Ponder L, Pooni R, Prahalad S, Pratt S, Protopapas S, Puplava B, Quach J, Quinlan-Waters M, Rabinovich C, Radhakrishna S, Rafko J, Raisian J, Rakestraw A, Ramirez C, Ramsay E, Ramsey S, Randell R, Reed A, Reed A, Reed A, Reid H, Remmel K, Repp A, Reyes A, Richmond A, Riebschleger M, Ringold S, Riordan M, Riskalla M, Ritter M, Rivas-Chacon R, Robinson A, Rodela E, Rodriquez M, Rojas K, Ronis T, Rosenkranz M, Rosolowski B, Rothermel H, Rothman D, Roth-Wojcicki E, Rouster-Stevens K, Rubinstein T, Ruth N, Saad N, Sabbagh S, Sacco E, Sadun R, Sandborg C, Sanni A, Santiago L, Sarkissian A, Savani S, Scalzi L, Schanberg L, Scharnhorst S, Schikler K, Schlefman A, Schmeling H, Schmidt K, Schmitt E, Schneider R, Schollaert-Fitch K, Schulert G, Seay T, Seper C, Shalen J, Sheets R, Shelly A, Shenoi S, Shergill K, Shirley J, Shishov M, Shivers C, Silverman E, Singer N, Sivaraman V, Sletten J, Smith A, Smith C, Smith J, Smith J, Smitherman E, Soep J, Son M, Spence S, Spiegel L, Spitznagle J, Sran R, Srinivasalu H, Stapp H, Steigerwald K, Rakovchik YS, Stern S, Stevens A, Stevens B, Stevenson R, Stewart K, Stingl C, Stokes J, Stoll M, Stringer E, Sule S, Sumner J, Sundel R, Sutter M, Syed R, Syverson G, Szymanski A, Taber S, Tal R, Tambralli A, Taneja A, Tanner T, Tapani S, Tarshish G, Tarvin S, Tate L, Taxter A, Taylor J, Terry M, Tesher M, Thatayatikom A, Thomas B, Tiffany K, Ting T, Tipp A, Toib D, Torok K, Toruner C, Tory H, Toth M, Tse S, Tubwell V, Twilt M, Uriguen S, Valcarcel T, Van Mater H, Vannoy L, Varghese C, Vasquez N, Vazzana K, Vehe R, Veiga K, Velez J, Verbsky J, Vilar G, Volpe N, von Scheven E, Vora S, Wagner J, Wagner-Weiner L, Wahezi D, Waite H, Walker J, Walters H, Muskardin TW, Waqar L, Waterfield M, Watson M, Watts A, Weiser P, Weiss J, Weiss P, Wershba E, White A, Williams C, Wise A, Woo J, Woolnough L, Wright T, Wu E, Yalcindag A, Yee M, Yen E, Yeung R, Yomogida K, Yu Q, Zapata R, Zartoshti A, Zeft A, Zeft R, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu A, Zic C. Intraarticular steroids as DMARD-sparing agents for juvenile idiopathic arthritis flares: Analysis of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:107. [PMID: 36434731 PMCID: PMC9701017 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who achieve a drug free remission often experience a flare of their disease requiring either intraarticular steroids (IAS) or systemic treatment with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). IAS offer an opportunity to recapture disease control and avoid exposure to side effects from systemic immunosuppression. We examined a cohort of patients treated with IAS after drug free remission and report the probability of restarting systemic treatment within 12 months. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of patients from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry who received IAS for a flare after a period of drug free remission. Historical factors and clinical characteristics and of the patients including data obtained at the time of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of those with follow up data available 49% had restarted systemic treatment 6 months after IAS injection and 70% had restarted systemic treatment at 12 months. The proportion of patients with prior use of a biologic DMARD was the only factor that differed between patients who restarted systemic treatment those who did not, both at 6 months (79% vs 35%, p < 0.01) and 12 months (81% vs 33%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION While IAS are an option for all patients who flare after drug free remission, it may not prevent the need to restart systemic treatment. Prior use of a biologic DMARD may predict lack of success for IAS. Those who previously received methotrexate only, on the other hand, are excellent candidates for IAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA, 17033-0855, USA.
| | - Carrie Daymont
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | - Timothy Beukelman
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, CPPN G10, 1600 7th Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA
| | - Brandt Groh
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | | | - Catherine April Bingham
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | - Lisabeth Scalzi
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
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Capo-Chichi JM, Seto A, King O, Salehi-Rad S, Baptista A, Sylvie G, Nwachukwu B, Tierens A, Arruda A, Minden M, Smith A. 63. Comparative analysis of testing methods used for the detection of internal tandem duplications in the KMT2A/MLL gene. Cancer Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aguirre L, Cámara L, Smith A, Arroyo J, de Juan A, Fondevila G, Mateos G. Chemical composition, protein quality indicators and in vitro protein digestibility of commercial soybean meals from different origins for use in poultry feeding. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Smith A, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Dewaele B, Rack K, Hoischen A, Neveling K, Raca G, Levy B, Kolhe R, Espinet B, Puiggros A, Sole F, Mallo M. 16. International working group recommendations for the implementation of optical genome mapping in Hematologic Malignancies. Cancer Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chuong MD, Ann Clark M, Henke LE, Kishan AU, Portelance L, Parikh PJ, Bassetti MF, Nagar H, Rosenberg SA, Mehta MP, Refaat T, Rineer JM, Smith A, Seung S, Zaki BI, Fuss M, Mak RH. Patterns of Utilization and Clinical Adoption of 0.35 Tesla MR-guided Radiation Therapy in the United States - Understanding the Transition to Adaptive, Ultra-Hypofractionated Treatments. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2022; 38:161-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Kimmage E, Carney C, Conaty S, Cronin A, Digan E, Kennelly SP, McDonagh A, McWilliams O, Nolan E, O'Dwyer A, O'Rourke L, Pierpoint R, Quinn S, Sheridan L, Smith A, Tobin F. 271 DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE INTER-DISCIPLINARY PARKINSON’S CLINIC IN AN AMBULATORY CARE SETTING. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ambulatory services provide specialist outpatient care, reducing costs associated with inpatient admissions and enabling the person to remain at home for longer (Report of the National Acute Medicine Programme, 2010). An Older Person’s Ambulatory Care Hub was established in a large teaching hospital. Prior service evaluation demonstrated that approximately one third of patients attending had a diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). People with PD should have a collaborative approach between patient, family and healthcare providers to optimally manage their condition (NICE, 2017), therefore, the need was identified to evolve the traditional medical model to an interdisciplinary approach. The aim of this project was to complete a service evaluation and breakdown of Interdisciplinary Team (IDT) referrals.
Methods
An IDT working group including Clinical Nutrition (CN), Medical, Nursing, Occupational Therapy (OT), Physiotherapy (PT), and Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) was established. A comprehensive assessment form was developed and outcome measures were chosen. A short pilot was conducted and necessary amendments were made. A weekly clinic was established which included an IDT assessment, followed by a huddle with the medical team where referrals were generated. Data pertaining to the number of attendees and referrals generated were collected over a 3-month period.
Results
Over the data collection period, 31 patients attended the clinic. Referrals were as follows; Medical: 19, PT: 13, SLT: 10, OT: 7, CN: 6, Medical Social Work: 2. Patients requiring urgent medical review were seen immediately after the IDT huddle.
Conclusion
This project demonstrates a service evaluation of a novel IDT PD Clinic. This clinic highlights the need for an IDT approach to management of people with PD. Future service developments include obtaining patient feedback, pre-clinic calls to patients by a Healthcare Assistant to explain the purpose of the clinic, and adapting the clinic as appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kimmage
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Carney
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Conaty
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Cronin
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Digan
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - SP Kennelly
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A McDonagh
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - E Nolan
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A O'Dwyer
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - L O'Rourke
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Pierpoint
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Quinn
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Sheridan
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Smith
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Tobin
- Tallaght University Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
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Li R, Sparveris N, Atac H, Jones MK, Paolone M, Akbar Z, Gayoso CA, Berdnikov V, Biswas D, Boer M, Camsonne A, Chen JP, Diefenthaler M, Duran B, Dutta D, Gaskell D, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Heinrich N, Henry W, Horn T, Huber GM, Jia S, Joosten S, Karki A, Kay SJD, Kumar V, Li X, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Malace S, Markowitz P, McCaughan M, Meziani ZE, Mkrtchyan H, Morean C, Muhoza M, Narayan A, Pasquini B, Rehfuss M, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Smith A, Trotta R, Yero C, Zheng X, Zhou J. Measured proton electromagnetic structure deviates from theoretical predictions. Nature 2022; 611:265-270. [PMID: 36261531 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The visible world is founded on the proton, the only composite building block of matter that is stable in nature. Consequently, understanding the formation of matter relies on explaining the dynamics and the properties of the proton's bound state. A fundamental property of the proton involves the response of the system to an external electromagnetic field. It is characterized by the electromagnetic polarizabilities1 that describe how easily the charge and magnetization distributions inside the system are distorted by the electromagnetic field. Moreover, the generalized polarizabilities2 map out the resulting deformation of the densities in a proton subject to an electromagnetic field. They disclose essential information about the underlying system dynamics and provide a key for decoding the proton structure in terms of the theory of the strong interaction that binds its elementary quark and gluon constituents. Of particular interest is a puzzle in the electric generalized polarizability of the proton that remains unresolved for two decades2. Here we report measurements of the proton's electromagnetic generalized polarizabilities at low four-momentum transfer squared. We show evidence of an anomaly to the behaviour of the proton's electric generalized polarizability that contradicts the predictions of nuclear theory and derive its signature in the spatial distribution of the induced polarization in the proton. The reported measurements suggest the presence of a new, not-yet-understood dynamical mechanism in the proton and present notable challenges to the nuclear theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M K Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - V Berdnikov
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA.,Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - M Boer
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - M Diefenthaler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | | | - N Heinrich
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - W Henry
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - S Jia
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - A Karki
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - S J D Kay
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - V Kumar
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - X Li
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W B Li
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | | | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, University Park, FL, USA
| | - M McCaughan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Z-E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - H Mkrtchyan
- Artem Alikhanian National Laboratory, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Morean
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - M Muhoza
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Narayan
- Veer Kunwar Singh University, Arrah, India
| | - B Pasquini
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Pavia, Italy
| | - M Rehfuss
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - A Smith
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Trotta
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, University Park, FL, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J Zhou
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Smith A, Songcuan A, Mitchell J, Haste M, Schmidt Z, Sands G, Lincoln Smith M. Quantifying Catch Rates, Shark Abundance and Depredation Rate at a Spearfishing Competition on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11101524. [PMID: 36290426 PMCID: PMC9598298 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We developed and applied a method to quantify spearfisher effort and catch, shark interactions and shark depredation in a boat-based recreational spearfishing competition in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Queensland. Survey questions were designed to collect targeted quantitative data whilst minimising the survey burden of spearfishers. We provide the first known scientific study of shark depredation during a recreational spearfishing competition and the first scientific study of shark depredation in the Great Barrier Reef region. During the two-day spearfishing competition, nine vessels with a total of 33 spearfishers reported a catch of 144 fish for 115 h of effort (1.25 fish per hour). A subset of the catch comprised nine eligible species under competition rules, of which 47 pelagic fish were weighed. The largest fish captured was a 34.4 kg Sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus). The most common species captured and weighed was Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson). The total weight of eligible fish was 332 kg and the average weight of each fish was 7.1 kg. During the two-day event, spearfishers functioned as citizen scientists and counted 358 sharks (115 h effort), averaging 3.11 sharks per hour. Grey Reef Sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) comprised 64% of sightings. Nine speared fish were fully depredated by sharks as spearfishers attempted to retrieve their catch, which equates to a depredation rate of 5.9%. The depredated fish included four pelagic fish and five reef fish. The shark species responsible were Grey Reef Shark (C. amblyrhynchos) (66%), Bull Shark (Carcharhinus leucas) (11%), Whitetip Reef Shark (Triaenodon obesus) (11%) and Great Hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran) (11%). There were spatial differences in fish catch, shark sightings and rates of depredation. We developed a report card that compared average catch of fish, sightings of sharks per hour and depredation rate by survey area, which assists recreational fishers and marine park managers to assess spatio-temporal changes. The participating spearfishers can be regarded as experienced (average 18 days a year for average 13.4 years). Sixty percent of interviewees perceived that shark numbers have increased in the past 10 years, 33% indicated no change and 7% indicated shark numbers had decreased. Total fuel use of all vessels was 2819 L and was equivalent to 6.48 tons of greenhouse gas emissions for the competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Smith
- Reef Ecologic, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-418726584
| | - Al Songcuan
- Reef Ecologic, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Jonathan Mitchell
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Max Haste
- Townsville Skindiving Club, South Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Zachary Schmidt
- Townsville Skindiving Club, South Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Glenn Sands
- Townsville Skindiving Club, South Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Marcus Lincoln Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2019, Australia
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Piofczyk T, Covens K, Adriany T, Petruskeviciute M, Lopez-Jimena B, De Vega D, Roesl C, Kavanagh-Williamson M, Wuyts J, Forster T, Campos J, Daems D, Claxton C, Wasson P, Metsu S, Smith A, Maertens G. Development of a rapid and fully automated Idylla™ assay for qualitative detection of mutations in the PIK3CA and AKT1 gene in advanced breast cancer FFPE samples. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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48
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Robart A, Henley J, Smith A, Aubrey-Bassler K, Roberts J. EXPLORATORY IN-CLINIC STUDY EVALUATING FEASIBILITY OF JVP HEIGHT ASSESSMENT BY EARLY PROTOTYPE OF MACHINE VISION ALGORITHM. Can J Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.08.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Albon D, Jones M, Smith A, Bruschwein H. 120 Sleep disturbances after initiation of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor therapy. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Soifer H, Mishra V, Malik S, Smith A, Chan S, Kessler L, Burrows F, Leoni M, Saunders A, Dale S. HNSCCs overexpressing wild-type HRAS are sensitive to combined tipifarnib and alpelisib treatment. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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