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Hussain B, Duhan S, Mahmood A, Al-Alawi L, Aslam MMS, Cuevas C, Alexander T, Ansari MM, Waqar F. Geographical and socioeconomic disparities in post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement pacemaker placement. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2024:S1553-8389(24)00153-2. [PMID: 38594158 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pacemaker (PPM) implantation is indicated for conduction abnormalities which can develop post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, whether post-TAVR PPM risk is associated with the geographical location of the hospital and socioeconomic status of the patient is not well established. Our goal was to explore geographical and socioeconomic disparities in post-TAVR PPM implantation. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the National Inpatient Sample 2016-2020 with respective ICD-10 codes for TAVR and PPM implantation. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze prognostic outcomes. RESULTS The number of patients hospitalized for undergoing TAVR was 296,740, out of which 28,265 patients had PPM implantation (prevalence 9.5 %). Patients' demographics including sex, ethnicity, household income, and insurance were not associated with risk of post-TAVR PPM except age (OR 1.01, CI 1.07-12.5, p < 0.001). Compared to rural hospitals, urban non-teaching hospitals were associated with a higher risk of post-TAVR PPM (OR 2.09, 1.3-3.43, p = 0.003). Compared to New England hospitals (ME, NH, VT, MA, RI, CT), middle Atlantic hospitals (NY, NJ, PA) were associated with highest post-TAVR PPM risk (OR 1.54, CI 1.2-1.98, p < 0.001), followed by Pacific (AK, WA, OR, CA, HI), mountain (ID, MT, WY, NV, UT, CO, AZ, NM) and east north central US. CONCLUSION Patients' demographics including sex, ethnicity, household income, and insurance were not associated with the risk of post-TAVR PPM except for age. Compared to New England hospitals, Middle Atlantic hospitals were associated with the highest post-TAVR PPM risk followed by Pacific, Mountain, and East North Central US. Prospective studies with data on TAVR wait times, expertise of the interventional staff, and post-TAVR management and discharge planning are required to further explore the observed regional distribution of TAVR outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Hussain
- Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America.
| | - Sanchit Duhan
- Internal Medicine, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Mahmood
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America
| | - Luay Al-Alawi
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Christel Cuevas
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America
| | - Thomas Alexander
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America
| | - Mohammad M Ansari
- Cardiac Cath Lab and Structural Heart Program, Cardiology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Interventional Cardiology, The Heart Institute - Bon Secours Mercy Health Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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Mughal MS, Mirza HM, Bansal A, Weiyi X, Mughal WA, Ahmed S, Yarkoni A, Waqar F, Wasty N, Waxman S, Usman H, Alam M, Rehman A. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) - A potential association. Am Heart J Plus 2024; 37:100347. [PMID: 38510510 PMCID: PMC10945967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Spontaneous coronary artery dissection and takotsubo cardiomyopathy are increasingly recognized in the last two decades. Case reports have shown both entities can present concomitantly - however, little is known about their association. Methods In this retrospective study we aimed to explore a potential association between SCAD and TCM using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. The odds of having TCM among patients with SCAD compared with those who did not have SCAD were calculated as an odds ratio. Conversely, the odds of having SCAD among patients with TCM compared with those who did not have TCM were also calculated. The primary outcome was the odds of TCM among patients with a primary diagnosis of SCAD and vice versa. The secondary endpoint was the odds of in-hospital mortality among patients with SCAD, and/or TCM. Results Hospitalized patients who had SCAD were 7.12 (95 % CI: 6.28-8.08) times more likely to also have TCM than those who did not have SCAD (p < 0.0001).), while patients with TCM were 6.91 (95 % CI: 6.07-7.85) times more likely to have SCAD compared to those who didn't have TCM adjusted for age, gender, race, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.0001). Conclusion This data indicate that patients with either SCAD or TCM are seven times more likely to be diagnosed concomitantly with both, compared to the patients without either diagnosis [after adjusting for age, gender, race, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus]. Our data are consistent with the growing body of evidence supporting an association between SCAD and TCM and raise the question of a common pathophysiologic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan M. Mirza
- University of Massachuset - Berkshire Medical Center, Pittsfield, MA, USA
| | | | - Xia Weiyi
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Services Center, Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Waqar Arshad Mughal
- United Health Services Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, USA
- University of Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Saba Ahmed
- United Health Services Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, USA
| | - Alon Yarkoni
- United Health Services Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Afzal Rehman
- United Health Services Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, USA
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3
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Hussain B, Duhan S, Mahmood A, Al-Alawi L, Vargas C, Khan S, Ali Z, Waqar F, Alfonso C, Cuevas C, Alexander T. Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Amyloidosis in Valvular Heart Disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101811. [PMID: 37209794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
There has been less emphasis on the prognostic impact of amyloidosis in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). We aimed to determine the prevalence of amyloidosis in VHD and its clinical implications in terms of mortality. Patients hospitalized for VHD were identified using National Inpatient Sample 2016-2020 which were divided into 2 cohorts: with and without amyloidosis. Among 5,728,873 patients hospitalized with VHD, 11,715 patients had amyloidosis in which mitral valve disease has the highest prevalence (7.6%) followed by aortic (3.6%), and tricuspid valve disease (1%). Underlying amyloidosis is associated with higher mortality in VHD (OR 1.45, CI 1.2-1.7, P<0.001), mainly mitral valve disease (OR 1.44, CI 1.1-1.9, P<0.01). Patients with amyloidosis have higher adjusted mortality rates (5-6% vs 2.6%, P<0.01), longer mean length of stay (7.1 vs 5.7 days, P<0.001), but they have lower valvular intervention rates. In hospitalized VHD patients, underlying amyloidosis is associated with higher in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Hussain
- The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Internal Medicine, Brooklyn, NY.
| | - Sanchit Duhan
- Internal Medicine, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ahmed Mahmood
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX
| | - Luay Al-Alawi
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX
| | - Carlos Vargas
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX
| | - Sohail Khan
- Interventional Cardiology, Marshfield Medical Center, Marshfield, WI
| | - Zuhair Ali
- Graduate Medical Education, HCA Houston Healthcare, Houston, TX
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Interventional Cardiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Christel Cuevas
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX
| | - Thomas Alexander
- Cardiology Department, Corpus Christi Medical Center, Corpus Christi, TX
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4
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Kumari Y, Bai P, Waqar F, Asif AT, Irshad B, Raj S, Varagantiwar V, Kumar M, Neha F, Chand S, Kumar S, Varrassi G, Khatri M, Mohamad T. Advancements in the Management of Endocrine System Disorders and Arrhythmias: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e46484. [PMID: 37927670 PMCID: PMC10624418 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, notable advancements have been made in managing endocrine system disorders and arrhythmias. These advancements have brought about significant changes in healthcare providers' approach towards these complex medical conditions. Endocrine system disorders encompass a diverse range of conditions, including but not limited to diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, and adrenal disorders. Significant advancements in comprehending the molecular underpinnings of these disorders have laid the foundation for implementing personalized medicine. Advancements in genomic profiling and biomarker identification have facilitated achieving more accurate diagnoses and developing customized treatment plans. Furthermore, the utilization of cutting-edge pharmaceuticals and advanced delivery systems presents a significant advancement in achieving enhanced glycemic control and minimizing adverse effects for individuals afflicted with endocrine disorders. Arrhythmias, characterized by irregular heart rhythms, present a substantial risk to cardiovascular well-being. Innovative strategies for managing arrhythmia encompass catheter-based ablation techniques, wearable cardiac monitoring devices, and predictive algorithms powered by artificial intelligence. These advancements facilitate the early detection, stratification of risks, and implementation of targeted interventions, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes. Incorporating technology and telemedicine has been instrumental in enhancing the accessibility and continuity of care for individuals diagnosed with endocrine disorders and arrhythmias. The utilization of remote patient monitoring and telehealth consultations enables prompt modifications to treatment regimens and alleviates the need for frequent visits to the clinic. This is particularly significant in light of the current global health crisis. This review highlights the interdisciplinary nature of managing endocrine disorders and arrhythmias, underscoring the significance of collaboration among endocrinologists, cardiologists, electrophysiologists, and other healthcare professionals. Multidisciplinary care teams have enhanced their capabilities to effectively address the intricate relationship between the endocrine and cardiovascular systems. In summary, endocrine system disorders and arrhythmias management have undergone significant advancements due to groundbreaking research, technological advancements, and collaborative healthcare approaches. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements, showcasing their potential to enhance patient care, improve quality of life, and decrease healthcare expenses. Healthcare providers must comprehend and integrate these advancements into their clinical practice to enhance outcomes for individuals with endocrine system disorders and arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Kumari
- Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Pooja Bai
- Internal Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Ahmad Talal Asif
- Medicine, King Edward Medical University (KEMU) Lahore, Lahore, PAK
| | - Beena Irshad
- Medicine, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Sahil Raj
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Mahendra Kumar
- Medicine, Sardar Patel Medical College Bikaner India, Bikaner, IND
| | - Fnu Neha
- Medicine, Peoples University of Medical & Health Science for Women, Nawabshah, PAK
| | - Surat Chand
- Medicine, Ghulam Mohammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine and Surgery, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Mahima Khatri
- Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Tamam Mohamad
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
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Nageeta F, Waqar F, Allahi I, Murtaza F, Nasir M, Danesh F, Irshad B, Kumar R, Tayyab A, Khan MSM, Kumar S, Varrassi G, Khatri M, Muzammil MA, Mohamad T. Precision Medicine Approaches to Diabetic Kidney Disease: Personalized Interventions on the Horizon. Cureus 2023; 15:e45575. [PMID: 37868402 PMCID: PMC10587911 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant complication of diabetes that requires innovative interventions to address its increasing impact. Precision medicine is a rapidly emerging paradigm that shows excellent promise in tailoring therapeutic strategies to the unique profiles of individual patients. This abstract examines the potential of precision medicine in managing DKD. It explores the genetic and molecular foundations, identifies biomarkers for risk assessment, provides insights into pharmacogenomics, and discusses targeted therapies. Integrating omics data and data analytics provides a comprehensive landscape for making informed decisions. The abstract highlights the difficulties encountered during the clinical implementation process, the ethical factors to be considered, and the importance of involving patients. In addition, it showcases case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of precision-based interventions. As the field progresses, the abstract anticipates a future characterized by the integration of artificial intelligence in diagnostics and treatment. It highlights the significant impact that precision medicine can have in revolutionizing the provision of care for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fnu Nageeta
- Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Ibtesam Allahi
- General Surgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | | | | | - Fnu Danesh
- Internal Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Thatta, PAK
| | - Beena Irshad
- Medicine, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Spine Surgery, Sunnybrook Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, CAN
| | - Arslan Tayyab
- Internal Medicine, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, PAK
| | | | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine and Surgery, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Mahima Khatri
- Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Tamam Mohamad
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
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Fatima A, Rasool S, Devi S, Talha M, Waqar F, Nasir M, Khan MR, Ibne Ali Jaffari SM, Haider A, Shah SU, Sapna F, Varrassi G, Khatri M, Kumar S, Mohamad T. Exploring the Cardiovascular Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors: Expanding Horizons Beyond Diabetes Management. Cureus 2023; 15:e46243. [PMID: 37908957 PMCID: PMC10613932 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. The risk of cardiovascular disease is markedly increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), making managing cardiovascular health a top priority. Initially developed for their glucose-lowering properties, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a transformative class of pharmaceuticals with profound cardiovascular benefits that extend far beyond glycemic control. One of the most striking findings is the substantial reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality, observed in clinical trials evaluating SGLT2 inhibitors. These extraordinary cardioprotective effects are demonstrated by landmark trials such as EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, and DECLARE-TIMI 58, which are discussed in detail. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated positive outcomes in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, which has led to their incorporation into HF treatment guidelines. SGLT2 inhibitors offer renoprotection by delaying the progression of diabetic kidney disease, reducing albuminuria, preserving glomerular filtration rates, and their immediate cardiovascular benefits. We investigate the potential mechanisms underlying these renal benefits, focusing on the role of hemodynamic alterations and intraglomerular pressure reduction. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors have a distinct diuretic effect that can contribute to volume reduction and symptom alleviation in patients with heart failure (HF). This diuretic action, distinct from conventional diuretics, warrants additional research to optimize their use in T2DM and HF patients. The risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, genital mycobacterial infections, and bone fractures are also discussed. Understanding these issues is essential for making educated clinical decisions. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitors have transcended their initial function as anti-diabetic agents to become essential components of cardiovascular and renal protection strategies in T2DM patients. Their diverse benefits, which include cardioprotection, renoprotection, and the potential for HF management, highlight their potential to transform cardiovascular medicine. Optimizing the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in clinical practice bears the promise of improved cardiovascular outcomes for patients with T2DM and beyond as we navigate this changing landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroob Fatima
- Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, PAK
| | - Sohaib Rasool
- Medicine, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK
| | - Sapna Devi
- Internal Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Muhammad Talha
- Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Muhammad Nasir
- Medicine, Rural Health Center (RHC) Dhonkal, Dhonkal Morr, PAK
| | - Mohammad R Khan
- Internal Medicine, Bakhtawar Amin Trust Teaching Hospital, Multan, PAK
| | | | - Anum Haider
- Internal Medicine, International Medical Graduates Helping Hand, Karachi, PAK
| | - Syeda U Shah
- Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Fnu Sapna
- Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | | | - Mahima Khatri
- Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine and Surgery, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Tamam Mohamad
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
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Yasmin F, Najeeb H, Naeem U, Moeed A, Atif AR, Asghar MS, Nimri N, Saleem M, Bandyopadhyay D, Krittanawong C, Fadelallah Eljack MM, Tahir MJ, Waqar F. Adverse events following COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines: A systematic review of cardiovascular complication, thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e807. [PMID: 36988252 PMCID: PMC10022421 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Since publishing successful clinical trial results of mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines in December 2020, multiple reports have arisen about cardiovascular complications following the mRNA vaccination. This study provides an in‐depth account of various cardiovascular adverse events reported after the mRNA vaccines' first or second dose including pericarditis/myopericarditis, myocarditis, hypotension, hypertension, arrhythmia, cardiogenic shock, stroke, myocardial infarction/STEMI, intracranial hemorrhage, thrombosis (deep vein thrombosis, cerebral venous thrombosis, arterial or venous thrombotic events, portal vein thrombosis, coronary thrombosis, microvascular small bowel thrombosis), and pulmonary embolism. Methods A systematic review of original studies reporting confirmed cardiovascular manifestations post‐mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination was performed. Following the PRISMA guidelines, electronic databases (PubMed, PMC NCBI, and Cochrane Library) were searched until January 2022. Baseline characteristics of patients and disease outcomes were extracted from relevant studies. Results A total of 81 articles analyzed confirmed cardiovascular complications post‐COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines in 17,636 individuals and reported 284 deaths with any mRNA vaccine. Of 17,636 cardiovascular events with any mRNA vaccine, 17,192 were observed with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer−BioNTech) vaccine, 444 events with mRNA‐1273 (Moderna). Thrombosis was frequently reported with any mRNA vaccine (n = 13,936), followed by stroke (n = 758), myocarditis (n = 511), myocardial infarction (n = 377), pulmonary embolism (n = 301), and arrhythmia (n = 254). Stratifying the results by vaccine type showed that thrombosis (80.8%) was common in the BNT162b2 cohort, while stroke (39.9%) was common with mRNA‐1273 for any dose. The time between the vaccination dosage and the first symptom onset averaged 5.6 and 4.8 days with the mRNA‐1273 vaccine and BNT162b2, respectively. The mRNA‐1273 cohort reported 56 deaths compared to the 228 with BNT162b2, while the rest were discharged or transferred to the ICU. Conclusion Available literature includes more studies with the BNT162b2 vaccine than mRNA‐1273. Future studies must report mortality and adverse cardiovascular events by vaccine types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Department of Internal MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Hala Najeeb
- Department of Internal MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Unaiza Naeem
- Department of Internal MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Abdul Moeed
- Department of Internal MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Abdul Raafe Atif
- Department of Internal MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | | | - Nayef Nimri
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Maryam Saleem
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | | | | | | | - Muhammad Junaid Tahir
- Department of RadiologyPakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research CenterLahorePakistan
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
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Yasmin F, Shaikh A, Asghar MS, Moeed A, Najeeb H, Waqar E, Ram MD, Nankani A, Ochani RK, Aamir M, Ullah W, Waqar F, Johnson DM, Johnson DM. Early Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Versus Conservative Management in Asymptomatic Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101477. [PMID: 36328337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The merits of conservative management vs early intervention in patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis remains unknown. Digital databases (MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Embase) were searched for all relevant studies from inception through September 2022. Studies comparing conservative management with early intervention were compared using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 12 studies comprising 3624 asymptomatic aortic stenosis patients (1747 receiving surgery, and 1877 receiving conservative treatment) were included in the analysis. The average follow-up time was 4.45 (IQR 3.5-5) years. Early intervention was associated with a significantly reduced risk of cardiac (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.25-0.72; P = 0.001; I2 = 54%), non-cardiac (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.32-0.68; P < 0.0001; I2 = 0%), all-cause mortality (RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.32-0.51; P < 0.00001; I2 = 58%), heart failure hospitalization (RR 0.21, 95% CI 0.13-0.36; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%), sudden cardiac death (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.66; P = 0.004, I2 = 24%), and MACE (RR 0.46, 95% CI; 0.28-0.75; P = 0.002; I2 = 68%), compared with conservative management. There was no significant difference in the 30-day mortality (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.19-2.04; P = 0.44; I2 = 28%), myocardial infarction (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.19-1.06; P = 0.07, I2=0%), and 90-day mortality (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.20-2.37; P = 0.55; I2 = 61%) between the 2 groups. This meta-analysis shows statistically significant reductions in the risk for all-cause mortality, cardiac specific mortality, non-cardiac mortality, heart failure hospitalization, MACE, and sudden cardiac death among asymptomatic aortic stenosis patients who underwent early intervention as opposed to conservative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asim Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdul Moeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hala Najeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Eisha Waqar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muskaan Doulat Ram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Avinash Nankani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rohan Kumar Ochani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Lehigh Valley Heart Specialists, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown PA
| | - Waqas Ullah
- Division of Cardiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia PA
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Drew M Johnson
- Division of Cardiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia PA.
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Hussain B, Mahmood A, Kassier A, Cuevas C, khan S, Khan M, Ali Z, Waqar F, Alexander T. PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF AMYLOIDOSIS IN NON-RHEUMATIC VALVULAR HEART DISEASE. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)02438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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10
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Hussain B, Mahmood A, Cuevas C, Ansari MM, Khan S, Khan M, Waqar F, ali Z, Alexander T. RISK OF VALVULAR HEART DISEASE DEVELOPMENT IN RADIATION THERAPY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)02439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Hussain B, Mahmood A, Alalawi L, Cuevas C, Khan S, Waqar F, Alfonso C, Alexander T. CRT-700.36 Outcomes of Combined Catheter Ablation and Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion With Watchman in Atrial Fibrillation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.01.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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12
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Hussain B, Mahmood A, Cuevas C, Sturgill RG, Khan S, Waqar F, Alexander T. CRT-700.52 Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Amyloidosis in Non-Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.01.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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13
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Hussain B, Alalawi L, Mahmood A, Cuevas C, Vargas C, Khan S, Waqar F, Alfonso C, Alexander T. CRT-700.72 Effect of Geographical and Socioeconomic Disparities on Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Pacemaker Placement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.01.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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14
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Waqar F, Athar MW, Dwivedi AK, Ahmad S, Sanghvi S, Scott E, Khan N, Gerson MC. Visual patterns of breast attenuation artifacts in women and men with an upright and supine cadmiun-zinc-telluride camera. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:1976-1984. [PMID: 33948890 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast attenuation artifacts occurring with upright cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) cardiac imaging systems have not been well characterized. METHODS 216 consecutive patients with Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography myocardial perfusion imaging and no angiographically significant obstructive coronary artery disease were identified. All upright and supine SPECT images as well as coronary angiograms were reviewed and analyzed in blinded fashion. RESULTS In women imaged upright, more visual false positive defects were noted in the inferior wall compared to the anterior wall (26 vs. 10 at rest, p = 0.006, and 33 vs. 13 at stress, p < 0.001). Visual inferior wall defects were more common in the upright than supine position at stress (33 vs. 23, p = 0.018) and rest (26 vs. 14, p = 0.011), and most apparent in non-obese women (13 vs. 8, at stress, p = 0.059 and 11 vs. 5, at rest, p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS With upright CZT myocardial perfusion imaging, women often have visible inferior wall attenuation artifact defects, likely from pendant breast tissue. These inferior wall attenuation artifacts may be seen in non-obese female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Muhammad W Athar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alok K Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Saad Ahmad
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Saagar Sanghvi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elonia Scott
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Naseer Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Myron C Gerson
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Mughal M, Xia W, Mirza H, Jagdey HS, Ghani A, Khakwani M, Akbar H, Hafeez H, Raza MZA, Levitt HL, Waqar F, Wasty N, Usman MH, Alam M, Waxman S. INPATIENT HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY (TCM): INSIGHTS FROM THE NATIONAL INPATIENT SAMPLE. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(22)02144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Walker J, Suter B, Zhou C, Sharma S, Waqar F, Gerson MC. WHEN THE DYE DOES LIE: A CASE OF COMPLEMENTARY IMAGING MODALITIES FOR A COMPLEX CORONARY DIAGNOSIS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(22)04090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Hamid A, Jilani MH, Waqar F, Lasorda D. Protamine induced right ventricular dysfunction and systemic hypotension during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Cardiol J 2021; 28:792-793. [PMID: 34494251 DOI: 10.5603/cj.2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Hamid
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Mohammad Hashim Jilani
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| | - David Lasorda
- Department of Cardiology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Athar MW, Waqar F, Dwivedi AK, Ahmad S, Sanghvi S, Scott E, Khan N, Gerson MC. Effects of gender and defect reversibility on detection of coronary disease with an upright and supine cadmium-zinc-telluride camera. J Nucl Cardiol 2021; 28:1569-1582. [PMID: 31489586 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data address the roles of gender, perfusion defect reversibility, and imaging position in interpretation of images acquired on an upright/supine cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) cardiac imaging system. METHODS AND RESULTS From a consecutive cohort of patients imaged on an upright/supine CZT camera, 260 patients with coronary angiograms were studied. Multivariable models identified gender as a significant effect modifier for imaging variables of CAD. For males, a supine summed stress score (SSS) ≥ 3 provided high accuracy (sensitivity 70.7%, specificity 72.2%), and highest contribution to multivariable models. In females, supine SSS ≥ 2 provided the best cut-off for defect size and severity (sensitivity 90%, specificity 35.9%), but specificity was improved substantially to 53.3% with decrease in sensitivity to 80% by also requiring quantitative identification of perfusion defect reversibility in the supine position. Eight variables, accurate for predicting coronary disease, were more accurate with supine than upright imaging. CONCLUSIONS Perfusion defect reversibility improved specificity in female patients for detection of coronary disease compared to perfusion defect size and extent alone. Supine images provided superior accuracy for detection of coronary disease compared to upright images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad W Athar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA
| | - Alok K Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Saad Ahmad
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA
| | - Saagar Sanghvi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elonia Scott
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Naseer Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA
| | - Myron C Gerson
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way ML 0542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA.
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19
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Stacey A, Huda A, Waqar F. SAFETY AND FEASIBILITY OF COMBINED MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY AND CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYSIS FOR ACUTE SUBMASSIVE PULMONARY EMBOLISM. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(21)04293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Nabavizadeh P, Saleem M, Pivato E, Aqtash O, Ahart Z, Anouti K, Waqar F. ISCHEMIC CAUSE OF NONISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(21)03924-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Saleem M, Osman M, Khan S, Kheiri B, Waqar F, Jamali HK. Meta-Analysis Comparing Ticagrelor or Prasugrel Versus Clopidogrel in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Am J Cardiol 2021; 143:160-162. [PMID: 33383006 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saleem
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Sarah Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Babikir Kheiri
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Hina K Jamali
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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22
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Zulfiqar S, Siddiqui F, Waqar F, Arif I. A CASE OF SINUS ARREST WITH TICAGRELOR USE. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(20)33387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Khalif A, Rahman R, Fu S, Waqar F. AN UNUSUAL CASE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR ANEURYSM DUE TO MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)33152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267-0542, USA.
| | - Hina K Jamali
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267-0542, USA
| | - Myron C Gerson
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267-0542, USA
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25
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Abstract
The autonomic nervous system plays a key role in regulating changes in the cardiovascular system and its adaptation to various human body functions. The sympathetic arm of the autonomic nervous system is associated with the fight and flight response, while the parasympathetic division is responsible for the restorative effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility. Disorders involving these two divisions can lead to, and are seen as, a manifestation of most common cardiovascular disorders. Over the last few decades, extensive research has been performed establishing imaging techniques to quantify the autonomic dysfunction associated with various cardiovascular disorders. Additionally, several techniques have been tested with variable success in modulating the cardiac autonomic nervous system as treatment for these disorders. In this review, we summarize basic anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the cardiac autonomic nervous system including adrenergic receptors. We have also discussed several imaging modalities available to aid in diagnosis of cardiac autonomic dysfunction and autonomic modulation techniques, including pharmacologic and device-based therapies, that have been or are being tested currently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina K Jamali
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Myron C Gerson
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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26
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Dilek P, Radwan ZH, Wang X, Waqar F, Niemsiri V, Hokanson JE, Hamman RF, Bunker CH, Barmada MM, Feingold E, Demirci FY, Kamboh MI. A comprehensive association study of apolipoprotein E-C1-C4-C2 gene cluster variation with plasma lipoprotein traits. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Jamali HK, Raza U, Waqar F. Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Arteriovenous Fistulae: Is There a Link? Cardiology 2016; 134:433-5. [DOI: 10.1159/000444846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite being one of the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmias, the cause of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a vast majority of patients remains unknown. There is growing evidence of associated AF in patients diagnosed with coronary arteriovenous fistula. In this discussion, we have included an example of a patient who presented with new-onset AF and was subsequently diagnosed with an anomalous fistula between the right coronary artery and the superior vena cava. Definitive treatment of the fistula resulted in permanent resolution of the AF. Based on this case and a similar case reported in the literature, it is proposed that further research will unmask this possibly underdiagnosed and very treatable cause of AF.
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28
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Abstract
Cardiac tamponade is a common and often life-threatening process, which is typically associated with a pericardial effusion or, in rare cases, with a large pleural effusion. Theoretically, as reported in only a single prior case, it can be caused by extrinsic compression from tense ascites. We present a case in which dynamic inferior wall collapse was secondary to increased abdominal pressure from tense ascites. This phenomenon may be more common than previously diagnosed, especially in patients with liver disease. These patients often develop frequent ascites and present with clinical signs and symptoms similar to cardiac tamponade (tachycardia, hypotension and dyspnea). Presently, no formal practice guidelines exist regarding cardiac imaging for these patients. A high index of suspicion is required for timely diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Ahmad
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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29
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Waqar F, Gerson MC. Cardiac sympathetic imaging in the diagnosis of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in pre-diabetes. J Nucl Cardiol 2015; 22:1269-72. [PMID: 25736176 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-015-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Waqar
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670535, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0535, USA.
| | - Myron C Gerson
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0542, USA.
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30
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Radwan ZH, Wang X, Waqar F, Pirim D, Niemsiri V, Hokanson JE, Hamman RF, Bunker CH, Barmada MM, Demirci FY, Kamboh MI. Comprehensive evaluation of the association of APOE genetic variation with plasma lipoprotein traits in U.S. whites and African blacks. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114618. [PMID: 25502880 PMCID: PMC4264772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although common APOE genetic variation has a major influence on plasma LDL-cholesterol, its role in affecting HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides is not well established. Recent genome-wide association studies suggest that APOE also affects plasma variation in HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. It is thus important to resequence the APOE gene to identify both common and uncommon variants that affect plasma lipid profile. Here, we have sequenced the APOE gene in 190 subjects with extreme HDL-cholesterol levels selected from two well-defined epidemiological samples of U.S. non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) and African Blacks followed by genotyping of identified variants in the entire datasets (623 NHWs, 788 African Blacks) and association analyses with major lipid traits. We identified a total of 40 sequence variants, of which 10 are novel. A total of 32 variants, including common tagSNPs (≥5% frequency) and all uncommon variants (<5% frequency) were successfully genotyped and considered for genotype-phenotype associations. Other than the established associations of APOE*2 and APOE*4 with LDL-cholesterol, we have identified additional independent associations with LDL-cholesterol. We have also identified multiple associations of uncommon and common APOE variants with HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. Our comprehensive sequencing and genotype-phenotype analyses indicate that APOE genetic variation impacts HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in addition to affecting LDL-cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheda H. Radwan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xingbin Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Fahad Waqar
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dilek Pirim
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vipavee Niemsiri
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John E. Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Richard F. Hamman
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Clareann H. Bunker
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - M. Michael Barmada
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - F. Yesim Demirci
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Waqar F, Dunlap SH, Gerson MC. What will be the role of I-123 MIBG in improving the outcome of medically treated heart failure patients? J Nucl Cardiol 2012; 19:1198-205; quiz 1206-10. [PMID: 22956185 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-012-9612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Waqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670542, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0542, USA
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Jafary FH, Arham AZ, Waqar F, Raza A, Ahmed H. Survival of patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in a developing country - patient characteristics and predictors of mortality. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2007; 26:147-9. [PMID: 17965962 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-007-0161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is paucity of outcomes data on patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy (FT) for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Indo-Asians. We conducted this study to determine survival as well as correlates of mortality in this population. Hospital charts of 230 patients receiving FT for acute STEMI between January 2002 and December 2004 were reviewed. Primary outcome variable was total mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed. At a median follow-up of 717 days, 13.5% died, majority (23) during the in-hospital period. Multivariate predictors of mortality included (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI]) age (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.13), ejection fraction (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97), admission white cell count (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04) and change in ST-segment elevation (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99). We conclude that patients receiving FT for acute STEMI in Pakistan are a relatively high-risk group with a 10% in-hospital mortality and high frequency of recurrent events. Comparison data with primary angioplasty as an alternative strategy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim H Jafary
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
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Bilal Butt S, Riaz M, Ahmad S, Haq E, Waqar F, Ahamad S. EVALUATION AND PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF BARE POWDERED GRAPHITE AND COATED COLUMNS FOR GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF HALOCARBONS AND HALOBENZENES. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120013580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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34
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Alam I, Waqar F, Khan A, Begum N. Prevalence and management of ovarian tumours in Women and Children Hospital Abbottabad. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2001; 13:19-21. [PMID: 11732215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of study was to compare world incidence of ovarian tumours whether benign or malignant with that of our unit. We have also discussed management of all these patients at our center. RESULTS In our unit out of total 1400 admissions in 24 months, 26 had ovarian tumours, out of these 6 were malignant. The over all malignancy in our unit was 23% as compared to 15% of over all world incidence, 24 of these patients, were admitted through the OPD with advanced size of tumours. None of them previously had any check up at proper Gynaecological Centers. All these 24 were admitted to the ward, investigated, operated and after receiving histopathology reports were further managed accordingly. Two patients had torsion of ovarian tumour and were admitted through emergency and operated as emergency cases. In our study group the majority, 77% had benign ovarian tumours in which simple salpingoophorectomies was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Alam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad
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35
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Bilal Butt S, Riaz M, Waqar F, Jan S, E-ul-Haq. Trace Level Determination of Iron in High Purity Copper by Ion Pair Liquid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079808000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bilal Butt
- a Nuclear Chemistry Division , PINSTECH P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Riaz
- b Nuclear Material Division , PINSTECH P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F. Waqar
- b Nuclear Material Division , PINSTECH P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S. Jan
- a Nuclear Chemistry Division , PINSTECH P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - E-ul-Haq
- a Nuclear Chemistry Division , PINSTECH P. O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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