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Hajrudinović-Bogunić A, Frajman B, Schönswetter P, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Bogunić F. Apomictic Mountain Whitebeam (Sorbus austriaca, Rosaceae) Comprises Several Genetically and Morphologically Divergent Lineages. Biology 2023; 12:biology12030380. [PMID: 36979072 PMCID: PMC10045669 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of polyploidisation, hybridization, and apomixis contributed to the exceptional diversity of Sorbus (Rosaceae), giving rise to a mosaic of genetic and morphological entities. The Sorbus austriaca species complex from the mountains of Central and South-eastern Europe represents an allopolyploid apomictic system of populations that originated following hybridisation between S. aria and S. aucuparia. However, the mode and frequency of such allopolyploidisations and the relationships among different, morphologically more or less similar populations that have often been described as different taxa remain largely unexplored. We used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting, plastid DNA sequencing, and analyses of nuclear microsatellites, along with multivariate morphometrics and ploidy data, to disentangle the relationships among populations within this intricate complex. Our results revealed a mosaic of genetic lineages—many of which have not been taxonomically recognised—that originated via multiple allopolyploidisations. The clonal structure within and among populations was then maintained via apomixis. Our results thus support previous findings that hybridisation, polyploidization, and apomixis are the main drivers of Sorbus diversification in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Božo Frajman
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (B.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Peter Schönswetter
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Correspondence: (B.F.); (F.B.)
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Kremer D, Dunkić V, Radosavljević I, Bogunić F, Ivanova D, Ballian D, Stešević D, Matevski V, Ranđelović V, Eleftheriadou E, Šatović Z, Liber Z. Phytochemicals and Their Correlation with Molecular Data in Micromeria and Clinopodium (Lamiaceae) Taxa. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3407. [PMID: 36501446 PMCID: PMC9739532 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A study of the phytochemical and molecular characteristics of ten Micromeria and six Clinopodium taxa (family Lamiaceae) distributed in the Balkan Peninsula was carried out. The phytochemicals detected in essential oils by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and molecular data amplified fragment length polymorphism were used to study the taxonomic relationships among the taxa and the correlations between phytochemical and molecular data. STRUCTURE analysis revealed three genetic groups, while Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure grouped the studied taxa into 11 clusters nested in the groups obtained by STRUCTURE. Principal components analysis performed with the 21 most represented compounds in the essential oils yielded results that were partly consistent with those obtained by STRUCTURE and neighbour-joining analyses. However, their geographic distributions did not support the genetic grouping of the studied taxa and populations. The Mantel test showed a significant correlation between the phytochemical and genetic data (r = 0.421, p < 0.001). Genetic distance explained 17.8% of the phytochemical distance between populations. The current taxonomic position of several of the studied taxa is yet to be satisfactorily resolved, and further studies are needed. Such future research should include nuclear and plastid DNA sequences from a larger sample of populations and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Rudera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Radosavljević
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Daniella Ivanova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna Pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Vlado Matevski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Gazi Baba bb, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Vladimir Ranđelović
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Eleni Eleftheriadou
- School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zlatko Šatović
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Sáez L, Bogunić F, Cambria S, Riera J, Bogdanović S. On the identity of Thymushumifususvar.aureopunctatus (Lamiaceae) and taxonomic notes on the Th.richardii complex. PhytoKeys 2021; 186:139-158. [PMID: 35002361 PMCID: PMC8677714 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.186.75412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The name Thymushumifususvar.aureopunctatus, described from Bosnia and Herzegovina, is lectotypified, and its taxonomic value is discussed. Thymusrichardiisubsp.richardii is currently considered an endemic subspecies common to Mallorca (Balearic Islands) and Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Balkan Peninsula. Specimens identified as Th.richardii from both Balearic Islands and Bosnia and Herzegovina were studied to determine if they are indeed the same taxonomic entity. Detailed micromorphological observations and morphometric analysis, suggest that the Balkan plants (Th.humifususvar.aureopunctatus) and the Majorcan populations (Th.richardiisubsp.richardii) are clearly separate entities. For the former name, based on morphological, phytochemical, biogeographical and present results, we propose the subspecific rank, as Th.richardiisubsp.aureopunctatuscomb. & stat. nov. Full descriptions of all five subspecies currently accepted within Th.richardii are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llorenç Sáez
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, SpainUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Forestry, Zagrebačka 20, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaUniversity of SarajevoSarajevoBosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Salvatore Cambria
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via A. Longo 19, 95125 Catania, ItalyUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Jesús Riera
- Jardín Botánico. Universidad de Valencia. C/ Quart, 80. 46008 Valencia, SpainUniversidad de ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Sandro Bogdanović
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Botany, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCentre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant BreedingZagrebCroatia
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Nazlić M, Kremer D, Grubešić RJ, Soldo B, Vuko E, Stabentheiner E, Ballian D, Bogunić F, Dunkić V. Endemic Veronica saturejoides Vis. ssp. saturejoides-Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Free Volatile Compounds. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9121646. [PMID: 33255775 PMCID: PMC7760375 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemical profile and antioxidant activity of the species Veronica saturejoides Vis. ssp. saturejoides (Plantaginaceae)-which is endemic to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro -were investigated. Volatile compounds produced by glandular trichomes (composed of one stalk cell and two elliptically formed head cells according to scanning electron microscope investigation) were isolated from the plants collected in two locations. Additionally, as a part of specialized metabolites, total polyphenols, total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were determined spectrophotometrically. In the lipophilic volatile fractions-essential oils, the most abundant compounds identified were hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, caryophyllene oxide and hexadecanoic acid. In total, the class of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and the group of fatty aldehydes, acids and alcoholic compounds dominated in the essential oils. In the hydrophilic volatile fractions-hydrosols, the most abundant compounds identified were trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, allo-aromadendrene and (E)-caryophyllene. A group of oxygenated monoterpenes and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons dominated in the hydrosols. Antioxidant activity of essential oils and hydrosols was tested with two methods: 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Essential oils showed higher antioxidant activity than hydrosols and showed similar antioxidant activity to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Obtained results demonstrate that this genus is a potential source of volatiles with antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Nazlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (B.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Renata Jurišić Grubešić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Barbara Soldo
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (B.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Elma Vuko
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (B.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Edith Stabentheiner
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University, Schubertstrasse 51, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (D.B.); (F.B.)
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (D.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia; (M.N.); (B.S.); (E.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +38-521-619-296
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Hajrudinović A, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Brown SC, Pustahija F, Bourge M, Ballian D, Bogunić F. When sexual meets apomict: genome size, ploidy level and reproductive mode variation of Sorbus aria s.l. and S. austriaca (Rosaceae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ann Bot 2015; 116:301-12. [PMID: 26113635 PMCID: PMC4512196 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Allopolyploidy and intraspecific heteroploid crosses are associated, in certain groups, with changes in the mating system. The genus Sorbus represents an appropriate model to study the relationships between ploidy and reproductive mode variations. Diploid S. aria and tetraploid apomictic S. austriaca were screened for ploidy and mating system variations within pure and sympatric populations in order to gain insights into their putative causalities. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to assess genome size and ploidy level among 380 S. aria s.l. and S. austriaca individuals from Bosnia and Herzegovina, with 303 single-seed flow cytometric seed screenings being performed to identify their mating system. Pollen viability and seed set were also determined. KEY RESULTS Flow cytometry confirmed the presence of di-, tri- and tetraploid cytotype mixtures in mixed-ploidy populations of S. aria and S. austriaca. No ploidy variation was detected in single-species populations. Diploid S. aria mother plants always produced sexually originated seeds, whereas tetraploid S. austriaca as well as triploid S. aria were obligate apomicts. Tetraploid S. aria preserved sexuality in a low portion of plants. A tendency towards a balanced 2m : 1p parental genome contribution to the endosperm was shared by diploids and tetraploids, regardless of their sexual or asexual origin. In contrast, most triploids apparently tolerated endosperm imbalance. CONCLUSIONS Coexistence of apomictic tetraploids and sexual diploids drives the production of novel polyploid cytotypes with predominantly apomictic reproductive modes. The data suggest that processes governing cytotype diversity and mating system variation in Sorbus from Bosnia and Herzegovina are probably parallel to those in other diversity hotspots of this genus. The results represent a solid contribution to knowledge of the reproduction of Sorbus and will inform future investigations of the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in triggering and regulating cytotype diversity and alteration of reproductive modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Hajrudinović
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev
- CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, UMR 8079, Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Bât. 360, 91450 Orsay, France and
| | - Spencer C Brown
- Pôle de Biologie Cellulaire, Imagif, Centre de Recherche de Gif (FRC3115), CNRS, Saclay Plant Sciences, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fatima Pustahija
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mickael Bourge
- Pôle de Biologie Cellulaire, Imagif, Centre de Recherche de Gif (FRC3115), CNRS, Saclay Plant Sciences, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
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Kremer D, Bolarić S, Ballian D, Bogunić F, Stešević D, Karlović K, Kosalec I, Vokurka A, Vuković Rodríguez J, Randić M, Bezić N, Dunkić V. Morphological, genetic and phytochemical variation of the endemic Teucrium arduini L. (Lamiaceae). Phytochemistry 2015; 116:111-119. [PMID: 25931417 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the morphological traits of leaves, genetic variability (analyzed by AFLP) and chemical composition of essential oils (analyzed by GC-MS) was conducted on eleven populations of the endemic Illyric-Balcanic species Teucrium arduini L. in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro. Average blade length and width ranged from 20.00 to 31.47mm and from 11.58 to 15.66mm, respectively. Multivariate analysis (PCA, UPGMA) of morphological traits distinguished two continental Bosnian populations from the remaining populations. AFLP analysis separated the investigated populations into two groups based primarily on geographical distance. Essential oil analysis showed a total of 52 compounds, with two chemotypes distinguished based on the essential oil profile. The first was a sesquiterpene chemotype, with β-caryophyllene, germacrene D or caryophyllene oxide as the major compounds, while the second was an oxygenated monoterpene chemotype, with pulegone and piperitone oxide as the main components. The Mantel test showed a stronger correlation between the morphological traits and AFLP than between the essential oil profile and AFLP. The test also showed a stronger association between the essential oil profile and geographical position than between the morphological traits and geographical position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Snježana Bolarić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81 000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
| | - Ksenija Karlović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Kosalec
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Aleš Vokurka
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Marko Randić
- Public Institution Priroda, Grivica 4, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Nada Bezić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia.
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Kremer D, Dunkić V, Ruščić M, Matevski V, Ballian D, Bogunić F, Eleftheriadou E, Stešević D, Kosalec I, Bezić N, Stabentheiner E. Micromorphological traits and essential oil contents of Micromeria kerneri Murb. and M. juliana (L.) Benth. (Lamiaceae). Phytochemistry 2014; 98:128-136. [PMID: 24388062 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil (analysed by GC and GC-MS), the types and distribution of trichomes and pollen morphology (analysed by scanning electron microscopy) were investigated in two closely related species, Micromeria kerneri Murb. and Micromeria juliana (L.) Benth. (Lamiaceae) from Southeast Europe as a contribution to their taxonomy. The essential oil of M. kerneri was characterized by a high concentration of oxygenated sesquiterpenes, with caryophyllene-oxide as the major compound. Caryophyllene-oxide was also the major component of the essential oil of M. juliana from all localities, except from Mt Krivošije (Montenegro), where piperitone oxide was the major constituent. Non-glandular trichomes, peltate trichomes, and two types of capitate trichomes (type 1 composed of one basal epidermal cell, and one head cell with subcuticular space; type 2 composed of one basal epidermal cell, two stalk cells, and one head cell with subcuticular space) were observed on leaves, the calyx and on the stem. Pollen of both species had six apertures (hexacolpate) set in the equatorial pollen belt (zonocolpate) and showed medium reticulate ornamentation. Multivariate analysis (PCA and UPGMA) of essential oil components clearly separated the investigated M. kerneri and M. juliana populations, and confirmed the opinion that they are different taxa. On the other hand, micromorphological traits between these species were the same. Nevertheless, definitive conclusions about the taxonomic relationships among these species will require genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Mirko Ruščić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Vlado Matevski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, BIH-71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Eleni Eleftheriadou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81 000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ivan Kosalec
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Bezić
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Split, Teslina 12, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Edith Stabentheiner
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens University, Schubertstrasse 51, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Kremer D, Stabentheiner E, Dunkić V, Müller ID, Vujić L, Kosalec I, Ballian D, Bogunić F, Bezić N. Micromorphological and chemotaxonomical traits of Micromeria croatica (Pers.) Schott. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:755-68. [PMID: 22492493 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A study on the types and distribution of trichomes, pollen morphology, chemical composition of essential oil (analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS), and the content of macroelements (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and trace elements (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Hg, and As) analyzed by ICP-AES (=inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) was conducted on Micromeria croatica (Pers.) Schott. Non-glandular trichomes, peltate trichomes (typical hairs of Lamiaceae), small capitate trichomes (composed of one basal epidermal cell and one head cell), and larger capitate trichomes (composed of one basal epidermal cell, two to three stalk cells, and one head cell with subcuticular space) were observed on leaves, stems, the calyx, and corolla. Pollen of M. croatica had six apertures (hexacolpate) which were set in the equatorial pollen belt (zonocolpate) and showed medium reticulate ornamentation (hetrobrochate type). The essential oil contained from 27 to 39 constituents, the most representative of which were caryophyllene oxide and E-caryophyllene. Among the investigated macroelements, the content of K was highest (8730-10080 mg/kg). The content of trace elements ranged from 0.12 mg/kg (Cr) to 78.00 mg/kg (Fe), while the content of Cd, Ni, Hg, and As were lower than the limit of quantification.
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Bogunić F, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Muratović E, Ballian D. Different karyotype patterns among allopatric Pinus nigra (Pinaceae) populations revealed by molecular cytogenetics. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2011; 13:194-200. [PMID: 21143741 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To examine variation and taxonomic recognition of Pinus nigra (European black pine) at the intraspecific level, chromosomal distribution of 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S rDNA loci revealed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and fluorochrome banding with chromomycin A(3) and DAPI were analysed among allopatric populations belonging to different subspecies. Despite prevalent opinion on predominantly conserved and homogenous conifer karyotypes, several patterns were observed. Surprisingly, interstitial 18S rDNA loci and DAPI heterochromatin staining after FISH showed variations in distribution and localisation. Three subspecies shared a pattern with nine 18S rDNA loci (ssp. nigra, pallasiana and laricio) while ssp. dalmatica and salzmannii had eight rDNA loci. DAPI banding displayed two patterns, one with a high number of signals (ssp. nigra, pallasiana and dalmatica) and the other with a lower number of signals (ssp. salzmannii and laricio). We conclude that our results cannot provide proof for either classification scheme for the P. nigra complex, but rather demonstrate the variability of different heterochromatin fractions at the intraspecific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Siljak-Yakovlev S, Pustahija F, Šolić EM, Bogunić F, Muratović E, Bašić N, Catrice O, Brown SC. Towards a Genome Size and Chromosome Number Database of Balkan Flora: C-Values in 343 Taxa with Novel Values for 242. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1166/asl.2010.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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