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Lin HB, Naito K, Oh Y, Farber G, Kanaan G, Valaperti A, Dawood F, Zhang L, Li GH, Smyth D, Moon M, Liu Y, Liang W, Rotstein B, Philpott DJ, Kim KH, Harper ME, Liu PP. Innate Immune Nod1/RIP2 Signaling Is Essential for Cardiac Hypertrophy but Requires Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein for Signal Transductions and Energy Balance. Circulation 2020; 142:2240-2258. [PMID: 33070627 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is a key biological response to injurious stresses such as pressure overload and, when excessive, can lead to heart failure. Innate immune activation by danger signals, through intracellular pattern recognition receptors such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (Nod1) and its adaptor receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2), might play a major role in cardiac remodeling and progression to heart failure. We hypothesize that Nod1/RIP2 are major contributors to cardiac hypertrophy, but may not be sufficient to fully express the phenotype alone. METHODS To elucidate the contribution of Nod1/RIP2 signaling to cardiac hypertrophy, we randomized Nod1-/-, RIP2-/-, or wild-type mice to transverse aortic constriction or sham operations. Cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cardiac function were examined in these mice. RESULTS Nod1 and RIP2 proteins were upregulated in the heart after transverse aortic constriction, and this was paralleled by increased expression of mitochondrial proteins, including mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). Nod1-/- and RIP2-/- mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction exhibited better survival, improved cardiac function, and decreased cardiac hypertrophy. Downstream signal transduction pathways that regulate inflammation and fibrosis, including NF (nuclear factor) κB and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-GATA4/p300, were reduced in both Nod1-/- and RIP2-/- mice after transverse aortic constriction compared with wild-type mice. Coimmunoprecipitation of extracted cardiac proteins and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed that Nod1/RIP2 interaction was robust and that this complex also included MAVS as an essential component. Suppression of MAVS expression attenuated the complex formation, NF κB signaling, and myocyte hypertrophy. Interrogation of mitochondrial function compared in the presence or ablation of MAVS revealed that MAVS serves to suppress mitochondrial energy output and mediate fission/fusion related dynamic changes. The latter is possibly linked to mitophagy during cardiomyocytes stress, which may provide an intriguing link between innate immune activation and mitochondrial energy balance under stress or injury conditions. CONCLUSIONS We have identified that innate immune Nod1/RIP2 signaling is a major contributor to cardiac remodeling after stress. This process is critically joined by and regulated through the mitochondrial danger signal adapter MAVS. This novel complex coordinates remodeling, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial energy metabolism in stressed cardiomyocytes. Thus, Nod1/RIP2/MAVS signaling complex may represent an attractive new therapeutic approach toward heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Lin
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kotaro Naito
- Cardiology, Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan (K.N.).,University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Yena Oh
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gedaliah Farber
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Georges Kanaan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (G.K., B.R., M.-E.H.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alan Valaperti
- Department of Clinical Immunology of the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (A.V.).,University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Fayez Dawood
- University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Liyong Zhang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Guo Hua Li
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Smyth
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Moon
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science (M.M., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada.,University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Youan Liu
- University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Wenbin Liang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rotstein
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (G.K., B.R., M.-E.H.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Kyoung-Han Kim
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (G.K., B.R., M.-E.H.), University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Peter P Liu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute (H.-B.L., Y.O., G.F., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., B.R., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine (H.-B.L., Y.O., L.Z., G.H.L., D.S., W.L., K.-H.K., P.P.L.), University of Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science (M.M., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada.,University Health Network (K.N., A.V., F.D., M.M., Y.L., P.P.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
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Harb HM, Knight M, Bottomley C, Overton C, Tobias A, Gallos ID, Shehmar M, Farquharson R, Horne A, Latthe P, Edi-Osagie E, MacLean M, Marston E, Zamora J, Dawood F, Small R, Ross J, Bourne T, Coomarasamy A, Jurkovic D. Caesarean scar pregnancy in the UK: a national cohort study. BJOG 2018; 125:1663-1670. [PMID: 29697890 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and to describe the management outcomes associated with this condition. DESIGN A national cohort study using the UK Early Pregnancy Surveillance Service (UKEPSS). SETTING 86 participating Early Pregnancy Units. POPULATION All women diagnosed in the participating units with CSP between November 2013 and January 2015. METHODS Cohort study of women identified through the UKEPSS monthly mailing system. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence, clinical outcomes and complications. RESULTS 102 cases of CSP were reported, with an estimated incidence of 1.5 per 10 000 (95% CI 1.1-1.9) maternities. Full outcome data were available for 92 women. Management was expectant in 21/92 (23%), medical in 15/92 (16%) and surgical in 56/92 (61%). The success rates of expectant, medical and surgical management were 43% (9/21), 46% (7/15) and 96% (54/56), respectively. The complication rates were 15/21 (71%) with expectant, 9/15 (60%) with medical and 20/56 (36%) with surgical management. Discharge from care (median number of days) was 82 (range 37-174) with expectant, 21 (range 10-31) with medical and 11 (range 4-49) with surgical management. CONCLUSIONS Surgical management appears to be associated with a high success rate, low complication rate and short post-treatment follow up. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Surgery for CSP appears to be successful, with low complication rates and short post-treatment follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Harb
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Knight
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK
| | - C Bottomley
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - A Tobias
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - I D Gallos
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Shehmar
- Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, UK
| | | | - A Horne
- The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh and Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Latthe
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Edi-Osagie
- Central Manchester University Hospitals, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - M MacLean
- NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Crosshouse Hospital, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, UK
| | - E Marston
- College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Zamora
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Dawood
- Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Small
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green East, UK
| | - J Ross
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - T Bourne
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage, Research, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Coomarasamy
- Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Lin H, Naito K, Valaperti A, Dawood F, Zhang L, Li G, Smyth D, Moon M, Liu Y, Liu P. 1984Innate immune nod1/rip2 signaling is essential for cardiac hypertrophic response with a surprising critical interaction with mitochondrial danger activator. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H.B.C. Lin
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Research-Cardiac Function, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K. Naito
- Keiyu Hospital, Cardiology Division, Yokohama, Japan
| | - A. Valaperti
- University of Zurich, Department of Immunology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Dawood
- UHN - University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L. Zhang
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Research-Cardiac Function, Ottawa, Canada
| | - G.H. Li
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Research-Cardiac Function, Ottawa, Canada
| | - D. Smyth
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Research-Cardiac Function, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M. Moon
- University of Toronto, Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Y. Liu
- UHN - University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P.P. Liu
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Research-Cardiac Function, Ottawa, Canada
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4
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Lin H, Naito K, Valaperti A, Dawood F, Zhang L, Li G, Smyth D, Moon M, Liu Y, Liu P. INNATE IMMUNE NOD1/RIP2 SIGNALING IS ESSENTIAL FOR CARDIAC HYPERTROPHIC RESPONSE - WITH A SURPRISING CRITICAL INTERACTION WITH MITOCHONDRIAL DANGER ACTIVATOR. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kumar S, Amarchand R, Gosain M, Sharma H, Dawood F, Jain S, Lafond K, Widdowson MA, Read J, Krishnan A. Design of a study to examine contact mixing and acute respiratory infection in Ballabgarh, Haryana. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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6
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Wang DY, Abbasi C, El-Rass S, Li JY, Dawood F, Naito K, Sharma P, Bousette N, Singh S, Backx PH, Cox B, Wen XY, Liu PP, Gramolini AO. Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 44 (ERp44) deficiency in mice and zebrafish leads to cardiac developmental and functional defects. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e001018. [PMID: 25332179 PMCID: PMC4323785 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein 44 (ERp44) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family, is induced during ER stress, and may be involved in regulating Ca(2+) homeostasis. However, the role of ERp44 in cardiac development and function is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ERp44 in cardiac development and function in mice, zebrafish, and embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived cardiomyocytes to determine the underlying role of ERp44. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated and characterized ERp44(-/-) mice, ERp44 morphant zebrafish embryos, and ERp44(-/-) ESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Deletion of ERp44 in mouse and zebrafish caused significant embryonic lethality, abnormal heart development, altered Ca(2+) dynamics, reactive oxygen species generation, activated ER stress gene profiles, and apoptotic cell death. We also determined the cardiac phenotype in pressure overloaded, aortic-banded ERp44(+/-) mice: enhanced ER stress activation and increased mortality, as well as diastolic cardiac dysfunction with a significantly lower fractional shortening. Confocal and LacZ histochemical staining showed a significant transmural gradient for ERp44 in the adult heart, in which high expression of ERp44 was observed in the outer subepicardial region of the myocardium. CONCLUSIONS ERp44 plays a critical role in embryonic heart development and is crucial in regulating cardiac cell Ca(2+) signaling, ER stress, ROS-induced oxidative stress, and activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Cynthia Abbasi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Suzan El-Rass
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science and Zebrafish Center for Advanced Drug Discovery, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., X.Y.W.)
| | - Jamie Yuanjun Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Fayez Dawood
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Kotaro Naito
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Parveen Sharma
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Nicolas Bousette
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Brian Cox
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science and Zebrafish Center for Advanced Drug Discovery, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., X.Y.W.)
| | - Peter P Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.Y.W., C.A., J.Y.L., P.S., N.B., S.S., P.H.B., B.C., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.) Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.R., F.D., K.N., P.H.B., X.Y.W., P.P.L., A.O.G.)
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Zhang L, Chen X, Sharma P, Moon M, Sheftel AD, Dawood F, Nghiem MP, Wu J, Li RK, Gramolini AO, Sorensen PH, Penninger JM, Brumell JH, Liu PP. HACE1-dependent protein degradation provides cardiac protection in response to haemodynamic stress. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3430. [PMID: 24614889 PMCID: PMC3959209 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1
is a tumour suppressor known to regulate Rac1 activity under stress conditions. HACE1 is increased in the serum of patients
with heart failure. Here we show that HACE1 protects the heart under pressure stress by controlling
protein degradation. Hace1
deficiency in mice results in accelerated heart failure and increased mortality
under haemodynamic stress. Hearts from Hace1−/− mice
display abnormal cardiac hypertrophy, left ventricular dysfunction, accumulation of
LC3, p62 and ubiquitinated proteins enriched for
cytoskeletal species, indicating impaired autophagy. Our data suggest that
HACE1 mediates p62-dependent selective autophagic turnover
of ubiquitinated proteins by its ankyrin repeat domain through
protein–protein interaction, which is independent of its E3 ligase
activity. This would classify HACE1 as a dual-function E3 ligase. Our finding that
HACE1 has a protective
function in the heart in response to haemodynamic stress suggests that HACE1 may be a potential diagnostic and
therapeutic target for heart disease. HACE1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase known to regulate various cell
biological processes. Here, Zhang et al. identify HACE1 as a protective factor in
the heart, demonstrating that HACE1 inhibits the development of heart failure in
response to haemodynamic stress by regulating protein degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Zhang
- 1] University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7 [2] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Xin Chen
- 1] University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7 [2] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Parveen Sharma
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Mark Moon
- 1] University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7 [2] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Alex D Sheftel
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7
| | - Fayez Dawood
- 1] University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7 [2] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Mai P Nghiem
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Jun Wu
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- 1] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4 [2] Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr Bohrgasse 3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - John H Brumell
- 1] Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [3] Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1 × 8
| | - Peter P Liu
- 1] University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4W7 [2] Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellent for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4 [3] Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [4] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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Li G, de Couto G, Chen Y, Sun M, Shi Y, Heng Y, Dawood F, Liu Y, Zong Y, Khaper N, Backx P, McCulloch C, Liu P. The Critical Role of Autophagy in Iron-Overload Cardiomyopathy: A Model of Diastolic Heart Failure Due to Oxidative Stress. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- K McNamee
- Department of Gynaecology, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS.
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Suntarattiwong P, Olsen S, Fernandez S, Keawchana S, Levy J, Dawood F, Punpanich W, Widdowson MA, Gibbons R, Chotpitayasunondh T. An early report from a pediatric cohort followed for acute respiratory infection in Bangkok, Thailand. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Al-Qahtani S, Heath A, Quenby S, Dawood F, Floyd R, Burdyga T, Wray S. Diabetes is associated with impairment of uterine contractility and high Caesarean section rate. Diabetologia 2012; 55:489-98. [PMID: 22101974 PMCID: PMC3245824 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The prevalence of births worldwide complicated by diabetes mellitus is increasing. In the UK, for example, <25% of diabetic women have a non-instrumental vaginal delivery. Strikingly, more than half the Caesarean sections (CS) in these patients are non-elective, but the reasons for this are not understood. We have tested the hypothesis that poor myometrial contractility as a consequence of the disease contributes to this high CS rate. METHODS We compared spontaneous, high K depolarisation and oxytocin-induced contractions from diabetic and matched control patients having an elective CS. To investigate the mechanism of any differences we measured intracellular Ca, and performed western blotting and compared the tissues histologically. RESULTS There was significantly decreased contraction amplitude and duration in uteri from diabetic compared with control patients, even when possible confounders such as BMI were analysed. Reduced intracellular calcium signals and expression of calcium entry channels were found in uteruses from diabetic patients, which, along with a reduction in muscle content found on histological examination, could explain the reduced force. Myometrium from diabetic patients was responsive to oxytocin, but still did not reach the levels found in non-diabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS These are the first data investigating myometrium in diabetic patients and they support the hypothesis that there is poorer contractility even in the presence of oxytocin. The underlying mechanism is related to reduced Ca channel expression and intracellular calcium signals and a decrease in muscle mass. We conclude that these factors significantly contribute to the increased emergency CS rate in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Heath
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
| | - S. Quenby
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Present Address: Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - F. Dawood
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R. Floyd
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
| | - T. Burdyga
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
| | - S. Wray
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
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de Couto G, Dawood F, Sun M, Chen M, Heximer S, Stanford W, Medin J, Liu P. Abstract P044: Activation of Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 Prolongs Stress-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Decreases Survival Post Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1161/res.109.suppl_1.ap044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background. The innate immune response is critical in mediating host protection from foreign antigen or stress. It is evident that multiple innate immune pathways also tightly regulate the remodeling process post-myocardial infarction (MI), however it is not clear how this process is mediated. In order to further elucidate the underlying mechanism of this process, we screened both mouse and human post-MI microarray databases and identified a common, significantly upregulated transcription factor of interest, interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3). To assess its function in vivo, we tested the hypothesis that activation of IRF3 post-MI coordinates maladaptive repair by promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Methods/Results. We randomly allocated IRF-3 knockout (IRF-3-/-) mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts to either left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation or sham operation. Four weeks post-MI, deficiency in IRF3 led to improved survival [88% (44/50) vs. 29% (14/49) in WT, p<0.0001], preserved cardiac function via echocardiography [Fractional Shortening: 37% vs. 22.9% in WT, LVEDD: 5.15mm vs. 5.85mm in WT, LVESD: 4.15mm vs. 5.14mm in WT; p<0.057#x005D;, and attenuated infarct size [27% vs. 44% in WT, p<0.05]. Assessing the stress response 1-week post-MI, we found that NFkB signaling (IKKa, Ikba, p65) as well as pan-ubiquitination of proteins, were both significantly downregulated in the border infarct zone of IRF3-/- mice. These findings were complemented with increased protein and mRNA expression of de-ubiquitinating enzyme A20. Interestingly, in IRF3-/- mice these results were linked with decreased apoptosis (Caspases, TUNEL staining), however with a more specific attenuation of the mitochondrial-specific apoptotic pathway (Bid, Cytochrome C, Caspase9).
Conclusions. These data establish a novel link between the innate immune transcription factor IRF3 and maladaptive regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway activation. As an acute responder coordinating maladaptive remodeling, IRF3 may prove to be an efficacious therapeutic target to improve outcome following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mei Sun
- Univ Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the extent to which in vitro measurements of myometrial contractility reflect the clinical indication for caesarean section. DESIGN A prospective, observational hypothesis-generating study. SETTING Women were recruited from Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust and experiments were performed in the Physiology Department at the University of Liverpool. POPULATION Myometrial samples were taken from women undergoing a caesarean section during labour (n = 50) or from women having a repeat nonlabouring caesarean section (n = 70). METHODS The demographic characteristics of the women and indications for current and previous caesarean sections were recorded. The force, frequency and duration of spontaneous contractions of myometrial strips, and changes in the intracellular calcium concentration of the strips, were measured. Kruskall-Wallis and post hoc tests were used to assess the significance of differences between groups. RESULTS Samples from women whose caesarean section was for fetal distress/acidosis (scalp pH <7.2) contracted with more force than those from women whose caesarean section was for delay in the first stage of labour (P < 0.001). For repeat, nonlabouring caesarean sections, samples from women whose first caesarean section was for fetal distress/acidosis also contracted with more force than did samples from women whose first caesarean section was for delay in the first stage of labour (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the myometrium contracts with greater force in women who have a caesarean section for fetal distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Quenby
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
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Martino TA, Tata N, Simpson JA, Vanderlaan R, Dawood F, Kabir MG, Khaper N, Cifelli C, Podobed P, Liu PP, Husain M, Heximer S, Backx PH, Sole MJ. The primary benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on cardiac remodeling occur during sleep time in murine pressure overload hypertrophy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:2020-8. [PMID: 21565639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to test the hypothesis that there is a significant diurnal variation for the therapeutic benefit of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on pressure-overload cardiovascular hypertrophy. BACKGROUND Physiological and molecular processes exhibit diurnal rhythms that may affect efficacy of disease treatment (chronotherapy). Evidence suggests that the heart primarily remodels during sleep. Although a growing body of clinical and epidemiological evidence suggests that the timing of therapy, such as ACE inhibition, alters diurnal blood pressure patterns in patients with hypertension, the benefits of chronotherapy on myocardial and vascular remodeling have not been studied. METHODS We examined the effects of the short-acting ACE inhibitor, captopril, on the structure and function of cardiovascular tissue subjected to pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice. Captopril (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or placebo was administered at either murine sleep time or wake time for 8 weeks starting 1 week after surgery. RESULTS TAC mice given captopril at sleep time had improved cardiac function and significantly decreased heart: body weight ratios, myocyte cross-sectional areas, intramyocardial vascular medial wall thickness, and perivascular collagen versus TAC mice given captopril or placebo during wake time. Captopril induced similar drops in blood pressure at sleep or wake time, suggesting that time-of-day differences were not attributable to blood pressure changes. These beneficial effects of captopril were correlated with diurnal changes in ACE mRNA expression in the heart. CONCLUSIONS The ACE inhibitor captopril benefited cardiovascular remodeling only when administered during sleep; wake-time captopril ACE inhibition was identical to that of placebo. These studies support the hypothesis that the heart (and vessels) remodel during sleep time and also illustrate the importance of diurnal timing for some cardiovascular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami A Martino
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Kamijo T, Milart P, Wojcik K, Szkodziak P, Wozniak S, Czuczwar P, Paszkowski T, Landolsi H, Yacoubi MT, Stita W, Gribaa M, Hmissa S, Molenaar N, van Besouw NH, Steegers EAP, Visser W, de Kuiper P, de Krijger R, Exalto N, Lagrand R, Kaandorp SP, Mellink CHM, van Wely M, Redeker EJW, Knegt AC, Goddijn M, Vidal C, Giles J, Meseguer M, Zuzuarregui JL, Bosch E, Pellicer A, Schust D, Sugimoto M, Sugimoto J, Reus AD, Stephenson MD, Steegers EAP, Krijger de RR, Dunne van FM, Exalto N, Exacoustos C, Vaquero E, Di Giovanni A, Romeo V, Lazzarin N, Arduini D, Brahem S, Mehdi M, Atig F, Ghedir H, Ibala S, Ajina M, Saad A, Chang C, Wang H, Huang S, Pai S, Soong Y, Papanikolaou E, Pantos G, Grimbizis G, Bili E, Polyzos N, Karastefanou K, Humaidan P, Esteves S, Tarlatzis B, McNamee K, Topping A, Farquharson RG, Dawood F, Ruiz Galdon M, Lendinez AM, Palomares AR, Martinez F, Perez-Nevot B, Jimenez Fernandez A, Reyes-Engel A, Horcajadas JA, Savaris RF, Kovac V, Reljic M, Vlaisavljevic V, Colicchia A, Pergolini I, Gilio B, Rampini MR, Alfano P, Marconi D, Verlengia C, Alviggi E, Bellver J, Cruz F, Martinez MC, Ramirez J, Ferro J, Garrido N, Brown JK, Lauer KB, Inglis NF, Critchley HOD, Horne AW, Samli H, Cetinkaya Demir B, Ozgoz A, Atalay MA, Uncu G, Yan Y, Cai-hong MA, Jie QIAO, Xin-na CHEN, Weimar CHE, Kavelaars A, Gellersen B, Brosens JJ, de Vreeden-Elbertse JMT, Heijnen CJ, Macklon NS, Castillo JC, Dolz M, Caballero O, Abad L, Perez-Panades J, Bonilla-Musoles F, Eggert - Kruse W, Scholz S, Klopsch I, Strowitzki T. POSTER VIEWING SESSION - EARLY PREGNANCY. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Tang AW, Alfirevic Z, Turner MA, Drury J, Topping J, Dawood F, Farquharson R, Quenby S, Adam K, Entwisle M, O'Toole K, Bhima G, Palep-Singh M, Edi-Osagie E, Abediasl Z, Moini M, Jansen E, Stoop D, Ermini B, Haentjens P, De Vos M, Polyzos N, Verheyen G, Devroey P, Cabar FR, P. Pereira P, Francisco RP, Zugaib M, Horiuchi R, Miyaji S, Haruki A, Fukuda A, Morimoto Y. SELECTED ORAL COMMUNICATION SESSION, SESSION 34: EARLY PREGNANCY LOSS PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT, Tuesday 5 July 2011 10:00 - 11:30. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sun M, Chen M, Liu Y, Fukuoka M, Zhou K, Li G, Dawood F, Gramolini A, Liu PP. Cathepsin-L contributes to cardiac repair and remodelling post-infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 89:374-83. [PMID: 21147810 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cathepsin-L (CTSL) is a member of the lysozomal cysteine protease family, which participates in remodelling of various tissues. Herein, we sought to examine the potential regulation of CTSL in cardiac remodelling post-infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Experimental myocardial infarction (MI) was created in CTSL-deficient (Ctsl(-/-)) mice (B6 × FSB/GnEi a/a Ctsl(fs)/J) and wild-type littermates (Ctsl(+/+)) by left coronary artery ligation. At days 3, 7, 14, and 28 post-MI, we monitored survival rate and evaluated cardiac function, morphology, and molecular endpoints of repair and remodelling. Survival was 56% in Ctsl(-/-) mice in contrast to 80% (P < 0.05) in Ctsl(+/+) mice post-MI by day 28. The Ctsl(-/-) mice exhibited greater scar dilatation, wall thinning, and worse cardiac dysfunction when compared with Ctsl(+/+) mice. Cardiac matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) activity was also diminished, and c-kit-positive cells, natural killer cells, fibrocytes, and monocytes mobilized to peripheral blood and deposited to the infarcted myocardium were significantly decreased in Ctsl(-/-) mice. Furthermore, the local inflammatory response, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, stem cell factor (SCF), and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1α) expression, as well as cell proliferation, revascularization, and myofibroblast deposition were significantly decreased in Ctsl(-/-) mice compared with Ctsl(+/+) mice. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that CTSL regulates cardiac repair and remodelling post-MI through a mechanism with multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of H1N1 is crucial during pregnancy to prevent major morbidity and mortality as the virus poses an increased risk of severe illness in pregnant women. Currently, there is limited obstetric literature concerning pregnancy and the pandemic swine flu outbreak in the UK. Although there was a concerted effort to stockpile the HIN1 virus vaccinations, critical care adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is only available in one centre in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- K McNamee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Women's Hospital , Crown Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L8 7SS , UK
| | - F Dawood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Women's Hospital , Crown Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L8 7SS , UK
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Cohn DM, Goddijn M, Middeldorp S, Korevaar JC, Dawood F, Farquharson RG. Recurrent miscarriage and antiphospholipid antibodies: prognosis of subsequent pregnancy. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:2208-13. [PMID: 20704646 PMCID: PMC2965809 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.04015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although women with antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAs) are at increased risk of recurrent miscarriage, the outcome of a subsequent pregnancy is not clearly elucidated. OBJECTIVES To assess the pregnancy outcome of a subsequent pregnancy in women with APLAs and compare this outcome with women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. METHODS We performed a cohort study among all women who attended the Miscarriage Clinic at Liverpool Women's Hospital between 1987 and 2006 after being referred due to recurrent miscarriage (≥2 consecutive pregnancy losses). All women underwent a standardized investigation sequence. Women with other reasons for recurrent miscarriage were excluded. RESULTS A total of 693 women fulfilled the selection criteria, of whom 176 (25%) had APLAs. One hundred and twenty-two (69%) women with APLAs had a subsequent live birth compared with 324 (63%) women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9-1.9). No differences were found for birth weight, gestational age, and intra-uterine growth restriction. When treatment was analyzed, 53/67 (79%) of women with APLAs who had received aspirin and heparin during their pregnancy had a live birth, compared with 64/104 (62%) of women with APLAs who received aspirin only (adjusted OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3-5.8). In unexplained recurrent miscarriage, stratification for treatment showed no differences in outcome. CONCLUSION The prognosis of a subsequent pregnancy in women with APLAs is good. Although this was not a randomized clinical trial, combined treatment of aspirin and heparin seemed associated with a better outcome in women with APLAs, but not in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Cohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Adams E, Lewis-Jones I, Alfirevic Z, MacDonald R, Dawood F, Mallaiah S, Djabatey E, Parkinson D, Farquharson R, Patrick D, Fowler G, Turner M, Hapangama D, Wauchob T, Kingsland C, Weeks A, Kingston R, Kirwan J. 18 Liverpool consultants reply. West J Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dawood F, Quenby S, Wray S. P752 Myometrial contractility patterns in endometriosis compared to menorrhagia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)62243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dawood F, Farquharson R. P426 Increased risk of adverse obstetric outcome in women with acquired APCR and recurrent miscarriage. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Maekawa Y, Mizue N, Chan A, Shi Y, Liu Y, Dawood S, Chen M, Dawood F, de Couto G, Li GH, Suzuki N, Yeh WC, Gramolini A, Medin JA, Liu PP. Survival and cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction are critically dependent on the host innate immune interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 signaling: a regulator of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Circulation 2009; 120:1401-14. [PMID: 19770394 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.865956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate immune system greatly contributes to the inflammatory process after myocardial infarction (MI). Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4), downstream of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor signaling, has an essential role in regulating the innate immune response. The present study was designed to determine the mechanism by which IRAK-4 is responsible for the cardiac inflammatory process, which consequently affects left ventricular remodeling after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Experimental MI was created in IRAK-4(-/-) and wild-type mice by left coronary ligation. Mice with a targeted deletion of IRAK-4 had an improved survival rate at 4 weeks after MI. IRAK-4(-/-) mice also demonstrated attenuated cardiac dilation and decreased inflammation in the infarcted myocardium, which was associated with less proinflammatory and Th1 cytokine expression mediated by suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation. IRAK-4(-/-) mice had fewer infiltrations of CD45+ leukocytes and CD11c+ dendritic cells, inhibition of apoptosis, and reduced fibrosis and nitric oxide production. Cardiac dendritic cells in IRAK-4(-/-) mice were relatively immature or functionally naïve after MI in that they demonstrated less cytokine and costimulatory molecule gene expression. Furthermore, IRAK-4(-/-) dendritic cells have less mobilization capacity. Transfer of wild type-derived bone marrow dendritic cells into IRAK-4(-/-) mice for functional dendritic cell reconstitution negated the survival advantage and reduced the cardiac dilation observed with IRAK-4(-/-) mice at 28 days after MI. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of IRAK-4 has favorable effects on survival and left ventricular remodeling after MI through modification of the host inflammatory process by blunting the detrimental bone marrow dendritic cells mobilization after myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Maekawa
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G2C4, Canada
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Maekawa Y, Mizue N, Chan A, Shi Y, Liu Y, Manyin C, Dawood F, de Coute G, Li GH, Medin JA, Liu PP. Survival and Cardiac Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction Are Critically Dependent on the Host Innate Immune Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase-4 (IRAK-4) Signaling: A Regulator of Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells. J Card Fail 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.06.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shi Y, Li G, Wang D, Chen M, Fukuoka M, Tejani S, Li M, Dawood F, Szalai AJ, Verma S, Liu PP. Human C-Reactive Protein Paradoxically Protects Against Myocardial Infarction (MI) in Mice: Role of hCRP in Bone Marrow Cell Mobilization. J Card Fail 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.06.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Moon MS, Liu C, Fukuoka M, Dawood F, Chen M, Arab S, Li HL, de Couto G, Sun M, Shi Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu PP. Mindin, a Regulator of Innate Immunity and Inhibitor of Angiogenesis, Contributes to Mortality and Adverse Remodeling Post Myocardial Infarction. J Card Fail 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.06.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li HL, Liu C, de Couto G, Ouzounian M, Sun M, Wang AB, Huang Y, He CW, Shi Y, Chen X, Nghiem MP, Liu Y, Chen M, Dawood F, Fukuoka M, Maekawa Y, Zhang L, Leask A, Ghosh AK, Kirshenbaum LA, Liu PP. Curcumin prevents and reverses murine cardiac hypertrophy. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:2113. [PMID: 19603550 DOI: 10.1172/jci32865r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kassiri Z, Defamie V, Hariri M, Oudit GY, Anthwal S, Dawood F, Liu P, Khokha R. Simultaneous transforming growth factor beta-tumor necrosis factor activation and cross-talk cause aberrant remodeling response and myocardial fibrosis in Timp3-deficient heart. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:29893-904. [PMID: 19625257 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.028449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokines, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) play critical roles in tissue homeostasis in response to injury and are implicated in multiple human diseases and cancer. We reported that the loss of Timp3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3) leads to abnormal TNF signaling and cardiovascular function. Here we show that parallel deregulation of TGFbeta1 and TNF signaling in Timp3(-/-) mice amplifies their cross-talk at the onset of cardiac response to mechanical stress (pressure overload), resulting in fibrosis and early heart failure. Microarray analysis showed a distinct gene expression profile in Timp3(-/-) hearts, highlighting activation of TGFbeta1 signaling as a potential mechanism underlying fibrosis. Neonatal cardiomyocyte-cardiofibroblast co-cultures were established to measure fibrogenic response to agonists known to be induced following mechanical stress in vivo. A stronger response occurred in neonatal Timp3(-/-) co-cultures, as determined by increased Smad signaling and collagen expression, due to increased TNF processing and precocious proteolytic maturation of TGFbeta1 to its active form. The relationship between TGFbeta1 and TNF was dissected using genetic and pharmacological manipulations. Timp3(-/-)/Tnf(-/-) mice had lower TGFbeta1 than Timp3(-/-), and anti-TGFbeta1 antibody (1D11) negated the abnormal TNF response, indicating their reciprocal stimulatory effects, with each manipulation abolishing fibrosis and improving heart function. Thus, TIMP3 is a common innate regulator of TGFbeta1 and TNF in tissue response to injury. The matrix-bound TIMP3 balances the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory processes toward constructive tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamaneh Kassiri
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G2M9, Canada
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Li GH, Shi Y, Chen Y, Sun M, Sader S, Maekawa Y, Arab S, Dawood F, Chen M, De Couto G, Liu Y, Fukuoka M, Yang S, Da Shi M, Kirshenbaum LA, McCulloch CA, Liu P. Gelsolin regulates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction through DNase I-mediated apoptosis. Circ Res 2009; 104:896-904. [PMID: 19246681 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.172882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gelsolin, a calcium-regulated actin severing and capping protein, is highly expressed in murine and human hearts after myocardial infarction and is associated with progression of heart failure in humans. The biological role of gelsolin in cardiac remodeling and heart failure progression after injury is not defined. To elucidate the contribution of gelsolin in these processes, we randomly allocated gelsolin knockout mice (GSN(-/-)) and wild-type littermates (GSN(+/+)) to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation or sham surgery. We found that GSN(-/-) mice have a surprisingly lower mortality, markedly reduced hypertrophy, smaller late infarct size, less interstitial fibrosis, and improved cardiac function when compared with GSN(+/+) mice. Gene expression and protein analysis identified significantly lower levels of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I and reduced nuclear translocation and biological activity of DNase I in GSN(-/-) mice. Absence of gelsolin markedly reduced DNase I-induced apoptosis. The association of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha with gelsolin and actin filaments cleaved by gelsolin may contribute to the higher activation of DNase. The expression pattern of HIF-1alpha was similar to that of gelsolin, and HIF-1alpha was detected in the gelsolin complex by coprecipitation and HIF-1alpha bound to the promoter of DNase I in both gel-shift and promoter activity assays. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and expression of Bcl-2 were significantly increased in GSN(-/-) mice, suggesting that gelsolin downregulates prosurvival factors. Our investigation concludes that gelsolin is an important contributor to heart failure progression through novel mechanisms of HIF-1alpha and DNase I activation and downregulation of antiapoptotic survival factors. Gelsolin inhibition may form a novel target for heart failure therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Hua Li
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada
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Li HL, Liu C, de Couto G, Ouzounian M, Sun M, Wang AB, Huang Y, He CW, Shi Y, Chen X, Nghiem MP, Liu Y, Chen M, Dawood F, Fukuoka M, Maekawa Y, Zhang L, Leask A, Ghosh AK, Kirshenbaum LA, Liu PP. Curcumin prevents and reverses murine cardiac hypertrophy. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:879-93. [PMID: 18292803 DOI: 10.1172/jci32865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling, particularly histone acetylation, plays a critical role in the progression of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. We hypothesized that curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound abundant in the spice turmeric and a known suppressor of histone acetylation, would suppress cardiac hypertrophy through the disruption of p300 histone acetyltransferase-dependent (p300-HAT-dependent) transcriptional activation. We tested this hypothesis using primary cultured rat cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts as well as two well-established mouse models of cardiac hypertrophy. Curcumin blocked phenylephrin-induced (PE-induced) cardiac hypertrophy in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, curcumin both prevented and reversed mouse cardiac hypertrophy induced by aortic banding (AB) and PE infusion, as assessed by heart weight/BW and lung weight/BW ratios, echocardiographic parameters, and gene expression of hypertrophic markers. Further investigation demonstrated that curcumin abrogated histone acetylation, GATA4 acetylation, and DNA-binding activity through blocking p300-HAT activity. Curcumin also blocked AB-induced inflammation and fibrosis through disrupting p300-HAT-dependent signaling pathways. Our results indicate that curcumin has the potential to protect against cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis through suppression of p300-HAT activity and downstream GATA4, NF-kappaB, and TGF-beta-Smad signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Liang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Oudit GY, Kassiri Z, Zhou J, Liu QC, Liu PP, Backx PH, Dawood F, Crackower MA, Scholey JW, Penninger JM. Loss of PTEN attenuates the development of pathological hypertrophy and heart failure in response to biomechanical stress. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 78:505-14. [PMID: 18281373 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The maladaptive response to biomechanical stress is a fundamental response in heart disease. Loss of the 3'-lipid phosphatase, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), is associated with increased phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase-beta. We hypothesize that these key changes will halt the development of pathological hypertrophy and the progression to heart failure in response to pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS In mice, muscle-specific knockout of PTEN, mckCRE-PTEN(flox/flox) (PTEN KO), resulted in basal hypertrophy and mild reduction in left ventricular (LV) systolic function. Male mice were subjected to aortic banding (AB) or sham operation. In contrast to mckCRE-PTEN(+/+) control mice, pressure overload in PTEN KO mice resulted in reduced pathological hypertrophy, less interstitial fibrosis, and reduced apoptosis with a marked preservation of LV function. Western blot analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling showed equivalent phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1 and ERK2 with markedly reduced phosphorylation of jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1 and JNK2, and p38 in PTEN KO mice subjected to AB. Loss of PTEN was associated with increased expression of the proangiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and angiopoietin-2, with preservation of the myocardial capillary density in response to pressure overload. Moreover, banded PTEN KO mice maintained the expression of several key metabolic genes that are known to be dysregulated in heart failure. In contrast, a subpressor dose of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonist angiotensin II (Ang II) leads to increased pathological hypertrophy and MAPK activation in PTEN KO mice. CONCLUSION Loss of PTEN prevents the development of maladaptive ventricular remodelling with preservation of angiogenesis and metabolic gene expression in response to pressure overload but not in response to the GPCR agonist, Ang II. Inhibition of PTEN signalling in the heart may represent a novel approach to slow the progression of heart failure in response to pathological biomechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Y Oudit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rm 7326, Medical Sciences Building, One King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A8.
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Kuba K, Zhang L, Imai Y, Arab S, Chen M, Maekawa Y, Leschnik M, Leibbrandt A, Markovic M, Makovic M, Schwaighofer J, Beetz N, Musialek R, Neely GG, Komnenovic V, Kolm U, Metzler B, Ricci R, Hara H, Meixner A, Nghiem M, Chen X, Dawood F, Wong KM, Sarao R, Cukerman E, Kimura A, Hein L, Thalhammer J, Liu PP, Penninger JM. Impaired heart contractility in Apelin gene-deficient mice associated with aging and pressure overload. Circ Res 2007; 101:e32-42. [PMID: 17673668 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.107.158659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apelin constitutes a novel endogenous peptide system suggested to be involved in a broad range of physiological functions, including cardiovascular function, heart development, control of fluid homeostasis, and obesity. Apelin is also a catalytic substrate for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the key severe acute respiratory syndrome receptor. The in vivo physiological role of Apelin is still elusive. Here we report the generation of Apelin gene-targeted mice. Apelin mutant mice are viable and fertile, appear healthy, and exhibit normal body weight, water and food intake, heart rates, and heart morphology. Intriguingly, aged Apelin knockout mice developed progressive impairment of cardiac contractility associated with systolic dysfunction in the absence of histological abnormalities. We also report that pressure overload induces upregulation of Apelin expression in the heart. Importantly, in pressure overload-induced heart failure, loss of Apelin did not significantly affect the hypertrophy response, but Apelin mutant mice developed progressive heart failure. Global gene expression arrays and hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes in hearts of banded Apelin(-/y) and Apelin(+/y) mice showed concerted upregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and muscle contraction. These genetic data show that the endogenous peptide Apelin is crucial to maintain cardiac contractility in pressure overload and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Kuba
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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34
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Sun M, Chen M, Dawood F, Zurawska U, Li JY, Parker T, Kassiri Z, Kirshenbaum LA, Arnold M, Khokha R, Liu PP. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediates cardiac remodeling and ventricular dysfunction after pressure overload state. Circulation 2007; 115:1398-407. [PMID: 17353445 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.643585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure overload is accompanied by cardiac myocyte apoptosis, hypertrophy, and inflammatory/fibrogenic responses that lead to ventricular remodeling and heart failure. Despite incomplete understanding of how this process is regulated, the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha after aortic banding in the myocardium is known. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that TNF-alpha regulates the cardiac inflammatory response, extracellular matrix homeostasis, and ventricular hypertrophy in response to mechanical overload and contributes to ventricular dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS C57/BL wild-type mice and TNF-knockout (TNF-/-) mice underwent descending aortic banding or sham operation. Compared with sham-operated mice, wild-type mice with aortic banding showed a significant increase in cardiac TNF-alpha levels, which coincided with myocyte apoptosis, inflammatory response, and cardiac hypertrophy in week 2 and a significant elevation in matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and impaired cardiac function in weeks 2 and 6. Compared with wild-type mice with aortic banding, TNF-/- mice with aortic banding showed attenuated cardiac apoptosis, hypertrophy, inflammatory response, and reparative fibrosis. These mice also showed reduced cardiac matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and improved cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the present study have suggested that TNF-alpha contributes to adverse left ventricular remodeling during pressure overload through regulation of cardiac repair and remodeling, leading to ventricular dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta
- Apoptosis
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/immunology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocarditis/immunology
- Myocarditis/pathology
- Myocarditis/physiopathology
- Myocardium/immunology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/immunology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Pressure/physiology
- Ventricular Remodeling/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- The Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence and Toronto General University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Martino TA, Tata N, Belsham DD, Chalmers J, Straume M, Lee P, Pribiag H, Khaper N, Liu PP, Dawood F, Backx PH, Ralph MR, Sole MJ. Disturbed diurnal rhythm alters gene expression and exacerbates cardiovascular disease with rescue by resynchronization. Hypertension 2007; 49:1104-13. [PMID: 17339537 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.106.083568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Day/night rhythms are recognized as important to normal cardiovascular physiology and timing of adverse cardiovascular events; however, their significance in disease has not been determined. We demonstrate that day/night rhythms play a critical role in compensatory remodeling of cardiovascular tissue, and disruption exacerbates disease pathophysiology. We use a murine model of pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy (transverse aortic constriction) in a rhythm-disruptive 20-hour versus 24-hour environment. Echocardiography reveals increased left ventricular end-systolic and -diastolic dimensions and reduced contractility in rhythm-disturbed transverse aortic constriction animals. Furthermore, cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells exhibit reduced hypertrophy, despite increased pressure load. Microarray and real-time PCR demonstrate altered gene cycling in transverse aortic constriction myocardium and hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus. With rhythm disturbance, there is a consequent altered cellular clock mechanism (per2 and bmal), whereas key genes in hypertrophic pathways (ANF, BNP, ACE, and collagen) are downregulated paradoxical to the increased pressure. Phenotypic rescue, including reversal/attenuation of abnormal pathology and genes, only occurs when the external rhythm is allowed to correspond with the animals' innate 24-hour internal rhythm. Our study establishes the importance of diurnal rhythm as a vital determinant in heart disease. Disrupted rhythms contribute to progression of organ dysfunction; restoration of normal diurnal schedules appears to be important for effective treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami A Martino
- Toronto General Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, University Health Network, Canada
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36
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Yoshimitsu M, Higuchi K, Dawood F, Rasaiah VI, Ayach B, Chen M, Liu P, Medin JA. Correction of cardiac abnormalities in fabry mice by direct intraventricular injection of a recombinant lentiviral vector that engineers expression of alpha-galactosidase A. Circ J 2006; 70:1503-8. [PMID: 17062978 DOI: 10.1253/circj.70.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant lentiviral vectors (LVs) offer the possibility of stable, long-term expression of transgenes even in non-dividing cells. In the present study this vector system was applied to a clinically relevant cardiovascular problem. METHODS AND RESULTS Fabry disease results from deficient activity of alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-gal A) and cardiac abnormalities are a common and an important cause of death in patients with the disease. A therapeutic LV that delivers the alpha-gal A cDNA has been synthesized. In vitro studies established efficient transduction of the H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes and showed overexpression of enGFP (control) and alpha-gal A. In in vivo studies, the enGFP cDNA was transferred into C57BL/6 mouse hearts by direct intraventricular injection. Next, in a mouse model of Fabry disease, the recombinant therapeutic construct was delivered analogously. In cardiac tissue, alpha-gal A activity rose to 23% of normal levels at day 7 after LV injection, which is encouraging because levels of correction approximating 5% of normal may be curative for this disorder. There was also a corresponding reduction in globotriaosylceramide accumulation. Other organs assayed showed no detectable changes in alpha-gal A activity levels in injected animals. CONCLUSION A localized benefit of directly injecting a therapeutic LV into the heart has been shown, confirming the utility of this delivery system for research and therapy for a variety of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Division of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1, Canada
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37
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Walinski HP, Gyorffy SF, Leong HS, Slaughter GRD, Dawood F, Pate GE, Liu PP, Parker TG, Podor TJ. Exercise increases tissue-type plasminogen activator expression in rat cardiomyocytes. Thromb Haemost 2006; 96:859-61. [PMID: 17139388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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38
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Ayach BB, Maekawa Y, Dawood F, Chen M, Arab S, Wadhawan S, Liu PP. C-KIT Receptor Maintains Cardiac Function in Aging Mice Post MI. J Card Fail 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.06.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Ayach BB, Dawood F, Higuchi K, Lam K, Bansal T, Chen M, Stanford WL, Medin JA, Liu PP. SCF/C-KIT Compensates for FL/FLT3 Deficiency To Mediate Myocardial Rescue and Repair Post-MI. J Card Fail 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Maekawa Y, Ayach BB, Dawood F, Higuchi K, Chen M, Lam K, Bansal T, Medin JA, Liu PP. Female MRL Cardiac Rescue Is Considerably Worst Compared to Male MRL Mice Post-Myocardial Infarction – No Evidence of Mobilized Stem/Progenitor Cells. J Card Fail 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.06.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Ayach BB, Yoshimitsu M, Dawood F, Sun M, Arab S, Chen M, Higuchi K, Siatskas C, Lee P, Lim H, Zhang J, Cukerman E, Stanford WL, Medin JA, Liu PP. Stem cell factor receptor induces progenitor and natural killer cell-mediated cardiac survival and repair after myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2304-9. [PMID: 16467148 PMCID: PMC1413746 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0510997103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate cardiac remodeling and repair after myocardial infarction (MI) predisposes to heart failure. Studies have reported on the potential for lineage negative, steel factor positive (c-kit+) bone marrow-derived hematopoetic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to repair damaged myocardium through neovascularization and myogenesis. However, the precise contribution of the c-kit signaling pathway to the cardiac repair process has yet to be determined. In this study, we sought to directly elucidate the mechanistic contributions of c-kit+ bone marrow-derived hematopoetic stem/progenitor cells in the maintenance and repair of damaged myocardium after MI. Using c-kit-deficient mice, we demonstrate the importance of c-kit signaling in preventing ventricular dilation and hypertrophy, and the maintenance of cardiac function after MI in c-kit-deficient mice. Furthermore, we show phenotypic rescue of cardiac repair after MI of c-kit-deficient mice by bone marrow transplantation of wild-type HSPCs. The transplanted group also had reduced apoptosis and collagen deposition, along with an increase in neovascularization. To better understand the mechanisms underlying this phenotypic rescue, we investigated the gene expression pattern within the infarcted region by using microarray analysis. This analysis suggested activation of inflammatory pathways, specifically natural killer (NK) cell-mediated mobilization after MI in rescued hearts. This finding was confirmed by immunohistology and by using an NK blocker. Thus, our investigation revealed a previously uncharacterized role for c-kit signaling after infarction by mediating bone marrow-derived NK and angiogenic cell mobilization, which contributes to improved remodeling and cardiac function after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal B. Ayach
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
- The Heart and Stroke∕Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4; and
| | - Fayez Dawood
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Mei Sun
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Sara Arab
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Manyin Chen
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Koji Higuchi
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4; and
| | - Christopher Siatskas
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4; and
| | - Paul Lee
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Hilda Lim
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
- The Heart and Stroke∕Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Jane Zhang
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Eva Cukerman
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
| | - William L. Stanford
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and
- The Heart and Stroke∕Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Jeffrey A. Medin
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4; and
- The Heart and Stroke∕Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4
| | - Peter P. Liu
- *Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and
- The Heart and Stroke∕Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Walinski H, Gyorffy S, Leong H, Slaughter G, Dawood F, Pate G, Liu P, Parker T, Podor T. Exercise increases tissue-type plasminogen activator expression in rat cardiomyocytes. Thromb Haemost 2006. [DOI: 10.1160/th06-03-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Abstract
BACKGROUND S100B, a 20-kDa, Ca2+-binding dimer, is a putative intrinsic negative regulator of myocardial hypertrophy expressed after myocardial infarction. S100B-overexpressing transgenic (TG) and S100B-knockout (KO) mice have been generated to assess the consequences of S100B expression and altered hypertrophy after infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared 21 wild-type (WT), 20 TG, and 24 KO mice over 35 days after experimental myocardial infarction with sham-operated controls (n=56). Of those, 4 WT-infarcted mice, 7 TG-infarcted mice, and 1 KO-infarcted mouse and no sham-operated mice died during the observation period. Among survivors, echocardiography, hemodynamic studies, and postmortem examination indicated that the WT and KO groups of infarcted mice mounted a hypertrophic response that was augmented in KO mice. The S100B-overexpressing TG group did not develop hypertrophy but demonstrated increased apoptosis. The postinfarct end-diastolic pressure was lower in KO mice than in WT mice, in accordance with other structural, hemodynamic, and functional parameters, which suggests that abrogation of S100B expression augmented hypertrophy, decreased apoptosis, and was beneficial to preservation of cardiac function within this time frame. CONCLUSIONS S100B regulates the hypertrophic response and remodeling in the early postinfarct period and represents a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Tsoporis
- Division of Cardiology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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44
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Konstantinov IE, Arab S, Li J, Coles JG, Boscarino C, Mori A, Cukerman E, Dawood F, Cheung MMH, Shimizu M, Liu PP, Redington AN. The remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus modifies gene expression in mouse myocardium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130:1326-32. [PMID: 16256785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Revised: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently demonstrated that remote ischemic preconditioning reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in animal models. The mechanisms by which the remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus exerts its effect remain to be fully defined, and its effect on myocardial gene expression is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that remote ischemic preconditioning modifies myocardial gene expression immediately after the remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus (early phase) and 24 hours later (late phase). METHODS Twenty male (C57BL/6) 10- to 12-week-old mice were randomized into 4 groups: group 1 (control, early phase; n = 5), group 2 (remote ischemic preconditioning, early phase; n = 5), group 3 (control, late phase; n = 5), and group 4 (remote ischemic preconditioning, late phase; n = 5). Groups 2 and 4 underwent remote ischemic preconditioning induced by 6 cycles of 4 minutes of occlusion and 4 minutes of reperfusion of the femoral artery. Groups 1 and 2 were killed 15 minutes after completion of sham procedure or remote ischemic preconditioning, and the hearts were removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Groups 3 and 4 were killed 24 hours after remote ischemic preconditioning, and the hearts were harvested in the same fashion. Gene expression was assessed by using the Affymetrix MG-430A chip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, Calif). RESULTS Data filtering (P < .05, analysis of variance) and hierarchic 2-way clustering identified significant differences in gene expression among the 4 groups. Genes involved in protection against oxidative stress (eg, Hadhsc, Prdx4, and Fabp4) and cytoprotection (Hsp73) were upregulated, whereas many proinflammatory genes (eg, Egr-1 and Dusp 1 and 6) were suppressed. CONCLUSION A simple remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus modifies myocardial gene expression by upregulating cardioprotective genes and suppressing genes potentially involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor E Konstantinov
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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45
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Kassiri Z, Oudit GY, Sanchez O, Dawood F, Mohammed FF, Nuttall RK, Edwards DR, Liu PP, Backx PH, Khokha R. Combination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha ablation and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition prevents heart failure after pressure overload in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 knock-out mice. Circ Res 2005; 97:380-90. [PMID: 16037568 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000178789.16929.cf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine and extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis are distinct systems that are each dysregulated in heart failure. Here we show that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-3 is a critical regulator of both systems in a mouse model of left ventricular (LV) dilation and dysfunction. Timp-3(-/-) mice develop precipitous LV dilation and dysfunction reminiscent of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), culminating in early onset of heart failure by 6 weeks, compared with wild-type aortic-banding (AB). Timp-3 deficiency resulted in increased TNFalpha converting enzyme (TACE) activity within 6 hours after AB leading to enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) processing. In addition, TNFalpha production increased in timp-3(-/-)-AB myocardium. A significant elevation in gelatinase and collagenase activities was observed 1 week after AB, with localized ECM degradation in timp-3(-/-)-AB myocardium. Timp-3(-/-)/tnfalpha(-/-) mice were generated and subjected to AB for comparative analyses with timp-3(-/-)-AB mice. This revealed the critical role of TNFalpha in the early phase of LV remodeling, de novo expression of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 in the absence of TNFalpha, and highlighted the importance of interstitial collagenases (MMP-2, MMP-13, and MT1-MMP) for cardiac ECM degradation. Ablation of TNFalpha, or limiting MMP activity with a synthetic MMP inhibitor (PD166793), each partially attenuated LV dilation and cardiac dysfunction in timp-3(-/-)-AB mice. Notably, combining TNFalpha ablation with MMP inhibition completely rescued heart disease in timp-3(-/-)-AB mice. This study provides a basis for anti-TNFalpha and MMP inhibitor combination therapy in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamaneh Kassiri
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent miscarriage has been associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and other prothombotic conditions. We tested the hypothesis that women diagnosed as having APS as an aetiological factor for their miscarriages were at higher risk of thrombosis than those with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was performed using validated questionnaires. A total of 141 women with recurrent miscarriage and APS alone were matched with 141 women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage for age, number and type of pregnancy loss and number of years of follow-up. A subgroup of eight women included those who initially presented with recurrent miscarriage, thrombosis and APS. RESULTS The mean length of follow-up was 7.3 years and response rate 74%. The incidence of thrombosis was similar in the recurrent miscarriage and APS women (6/1000 women-years) and in the idiopathic recurrent miscarriage women (2/1000 women-years) (P = 0.18). All eight women who presented with recurrent miscarriage, APS and thrombosis reported further thrombotic events. CONCLUSIONS Both idiopathic and APS-associated recurrent miscarriage were associated with a similar long-term risk of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Quenby
- School of Developmental and Reproductive Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L8 7SS and Liverpool Women's Hospital Trust, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK.
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Sun M, Dawood F, Wen WH, Chen M, Dixon I, Kirshenbaum LA, Liu PP. Excessive tumor necrosis factor activation after infarction contributes to susceptibility of myocardial rupture and left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 2004; 110:3221-8. [PMID: 15533863 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000147233.10318.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the potential contributions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the incidence of acute myocardial rupture and subsequent chronic cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI) in TNF knockout (TNF-/-) mice compared with C57/BL wild-type (WT) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Animals were randomized to left anterior descending ligation or sham operation and killed on days 3, 7, 14, and 28. We monitored cardiac rupture rate, cardiac function, inflammatory response, collagen degradation, and net collagen formation. We found the following: (1) within 1 week after MI, 53.3% (n=120) of WT mice died of cardiac rupture, in contrast to 2.5% (n=80) of TNF-/- mice; (2) inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine expression were significantly higher in the infarct zone in WT than TNF-/- mice on day 3; (3) matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2 activity in the infarcted myocardium was significantly higher in WT than in TNF-/- mice on day 3; (4) on day 28 after MI compared with sham, there was a significant decrease in LV developed pressure (74%) and +/-dP/dt(max) (68.3%/65.3%) in WT mice but a less significant decrease in +/-dP/dt(max) (25.8%/28.8%) in TNF-/- mice; (5) cardiac collagen volume fraction was lower in WT than in TNF-/- mice on days 3 and 7 but higher on day 28 compared with TNF-/- mice; and (6) a reduction in myocyte apoptosis in TNF-/- mice occurred on day 28 compared with WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Elevated local TNF-alpha in the infarcted myocardium contributes to acute myocardial rupture and chronic left ventricle dysfunction by inducing exuberant local inflammatory response, matrix and collagen degradation, increased matrix metalloproteinase activity, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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48
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Tata N, Martino T, Ralph M, Arab S, Belsham D, Cukerman E, Tsui P, Straume M, Dawood F, Liu P, Backx P, Husain M, Sole M. Day/Night molecular rhythms in normal and diseased murine aorta. J Card Fail 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Ayach B, Yoshimitsu M, Siatskas C, Lee P, Lim H, Dawood F, Chen M, Medin JA, Liu PP. C-Kit Receptor is Essential for Functional Cardiac Repair Post-myocardial Infarction. J Card Fail 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Tata N, Martino T, Ralph M, Arab S, Belsham D, Cuckerman E, Tsui P, Straume M, Dawood F, Wen WH, Liu P, Sole M. DIURNAL MOLECULAR RHYTHMS IN THE MURINE AORTA: ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION UNDER INCREASED PRESSURE. Cardiovasc Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2004.03.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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