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Gonçalves B, Silva V, Bacelar E, Guedes F, Ribeiro C, Silva AP, Pereira S. Orchard Net Covers Improve Resistance to Cherry Cracking Disorder. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030543. [PMID: 36766071 PMCID: PMC9914920 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Orchard net cover improves plant physiology, yield and fruit quality, pest and disease control, and anticipates fruit ripening. Moreover, this crop technology has been used to reduce natural cherry cracking (NCC). This is a serious physiological disorder that cracks the epidermis, the hypodermis, and the storage parenchyma layers of the fruit due to rainfall events near the harvest and it is related to low fruit osmotic potential and/or high fruit water permeability. This work aims to study the effect of orchard net cover on sweet cherry trees, cv. Early Bigi, in two harvesting years (2019 and 2021). The NCC, the induced cracking index (CI), and the cracking type incidence were determined. In addition, epicuticular and intra-cuticular wax content, biometric and physicochemical parameters were also evaluated. Net cover reduced the natural cracking index by 40%. High fruit weight values were observed in covered trees comparing to the control ones, with increases of 45% and 13%, in 2019 and 2021, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between CI and total soluble solids and a negative correlation between CI and wax content. Therefore, with forecasts of worsening heavy precipitation events near harvest, protecting cherry trees with nets will increase resistance to fruit cracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Vânia Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Francisco Guedes
- Cermouros-Cerejas de São Martinho de Mouros, Lda., Quinta da Ribeira, Bulhos, 4660-210 Resende, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sandra Pereira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Garozzo D, Rispoli R, Graziano F, Gerardi RM, Grotenhuis A, Jenkins A, Sammons V, Visocchi M, Pinazzo S, Lima R, Martinez F, Emamhadi M, Pedro MT, Shirwari HS, Guedes F, Bhagavatula ID, Shukla DP, Bhat ID, Ojo OA, Tirsit A, Gonzales-Gonzales ME, Luna F, Kretschmer T, Benzel E, Cappelletto B. Women in Neurosurgery: Historical Path to Self-Segregation and Proposal for an Integrated Future. Front Surg 2022; 9:908540. [PMID: 35836607 PMCID: PMC9274114 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.908540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rising percentage of women accessing the medical profession over the last few decades, surgical specialties are still largely male-dominated; in particular, a remarkable gender disparity is evident in neurosurgery, where only 19% of practitioners are females. Although women may be reluctant to choose a challenging specialty like neurosurgery due to concerns around how to balance family and career, it must be admitted that prejudices against female neurosurgeons have been deeply rooted for long, prompting many to give up and switch track to less demanding subspecialties. Among those who have persisted, many, if not most, have experienced difficulties in career progression and received unequal treatment in comparison with their male counterparts. In 1989, a group of 8 female neurosurgeons founded Women in Neurosurgery (WINS), an organization that aimed to guarantee inclusivity in neurosurgery, encouraging a better and more egalitarian working environment. Thereafter, WINS sessions were regularly promoted at international conferences, offering female neurosurgeons a platform to report issues related to gender discrimination. Over recent years, the mission of WINS sessions in national and international conferences has taken an unexpected deviation; they have progressively become supplementary scientific sessions with only women neurosurgeons as speakers, thus paving the road to a form of self-segregation. This tendency has also resulted in the establishment of sections of only female neurosurgeons within some national societies. Although there remains a faction that fiercely supports the WINS mindset of reserved spaces for women, such segregation is an upsetting prospect for those who believe that science and professionalism have no gender; a growing part of the global neurosurgical community believes that the conception of a “female neurosurgery” and a “male neurosurgery” is misguided and counterproductive and consider the existence of the WINS as anachronistic and no longer necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Garozzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mediclinic Parkview Hospital, Dubai, UAE
| | - R Rispoli
- SOC Chirurgia Vertebro-Midollare, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - F Graziano
- Department of Neurosurgery, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - R M Gerardi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Grotenhuis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jenkins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - V Sammons
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Shore Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Visocchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Pinazzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Maciel, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Lima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F Martinez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Emamhadi
- Brachial plexus and peripheral nerve injury center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - M T Pedro
- Peripheral Nerve Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, BKH Günzburg at Ulm University, Günzburg, Germany
| | - H S Shirwari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dawodzai Medical Complex, Jalalabad, Afghanistan
| | - F Guedes
- Division of Neurosurgery, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - D P Shukla
- Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - I D Bhat
- Department of Neurosurgery, RV Astor Hospital Sarakki Jp Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - O A Ojo
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Tirsit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - M E Gonzales-Gonzales
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - F Luna
- Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico Regional de Concepción, Universidad de Concepción. Concepcion, Chile
| | - T Kretschmer
- Dept. of Neurosurgery & Neurorestoration, Neurosurgical Intensive Care, Neurooncological Centre (DKG) Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - E Benzel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - B Cappelletto
- SOC Chirurgia Vertebro-Midollare, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia di Udine, Udine, Italy
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Guedes F, Ferreira AJ, Dionísio J, Rodrigues LV, Bugalho A. Pre- and post-COVID practice of interventional pulmonology in adults in Portugal. Pulmonology 2022:S2531-0437(22)00070-8. [PMID: 35339419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES There is a lack of information regarding bronchoscopy practice in adults in Portugal. Our objective was to obtain an overview of the characteristics, resources, techniques and behaviors in national interventional pulmonology (IP) units, before and after SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey was developed by an expert panel with a total of 46 questions comprising the specifications of each unit, namely physical space, equipment, staff, procedure planning, monitoring, technical differentiation, and numbers pre- and post-COVID-19. Forty-one interventional pulmonology centers were invited to participate between April and May 2021. RESULTS 37 units (90.2%) responded to the survey. The majority (64.9%) have a fully dedicated space with a weekly presence of ≥3 chest physicians (82.1%) and support of an anesthesiologist on specific days (48.6%). There is marked heterogeneity in the IP unit's equipment, and 56.8% acquired disposable bronchoscopes after COVID-19 pandemics. Pre-bronchoscopy hemogram, platelet count and coagulation tests are regularly asked by more than 90% of the units, even when deep sedation or biopsies are not planned. In 97.3% of cases, topical anesthesia and midazolam are utilized. Propofol (21.6%) and fentanyl (29.7%) are occasionally employed in some institutions. Most units use ancillary sampling techniques to diagnose central or peripheral lesions, with radial EBUS being used for guidance of distal procedures in 37.8% of centers, linear EBUS and EUS-B-FNA for mediastinal diagnosis and/or staging in 45.9% and 27.0% of units, respectively. Cryobiopsies are used by 21.6% of respondents to diagnose diffuse lung diseases. Rigid bronchoscopy is performed in 37.8% of centers. There was a decrease in the number of flexible (p < 0.001) and rigid (p = 0.005) bronchoscopies and an upscale of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 outbreak. CONCLUSIONS IP units have variable bronchoscopic practices, but during the COVID-19 pandemic, they complied with most international recommendations, as elective procedures were postponed and PPE levels increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guedes
- Pulmonology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - A J Ferreira
- Pulmonology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Dionísio
- Pulmonology Department, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L V Rodrigues
- Pulmonology Department, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Bugalho
- Pulmonology Department, CUF Tejo Hospital and CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal; Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
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Silva V, Pereira S, Vilela A, Bacelar E, Guedes F, Ribeiro C, Silva AP, Gonçalves B. Preliminary Insights in Sensory Profile of Sweet Cherries. Foods 2021; 10:612. [PMID: 33805668 PMCID: PMC8001138 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a fruit appreciated by consumers for its well-known physical and sensory characteristics and its health benefits. Being an extremely perishable fruit, it is important to know the unique attributes of the cultivars to develop cultivation or postharvest strategies that can enhance their quality. This study aimed to understand the influence of physicochemical characteristics of two sweet cherry cultivars, Burlat and Van, on the food quality perception. Several parameters (weight, dimensions, soluble solids content (SSC), pH, titratable acidity (TA), colour, and texture) were measured and correlated with sensory data. Results showed that cv. Van presented heavier and firmer fruits with high sugar content. In turn, cv. Burlat showed higher pH, lower TA, and presented redder and brightest fruits. The principal component analysis revealed an evident separation between cultivars. Van cherries stood out for their sensory parameters and were classified as more acidic, bitter, and astringent, and presented a firmer texture. Contrarily, Burlat cherries were distinguished as being more flavourful, succulent, sweeter, and more uniform in terms of visual and colour parameters. The results of the sensory analysis suggested that perceived quality does not always depend on and/or recognize the quality parameters inherent to the physicochemical characteristics of each cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.P.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Sandra Pereira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.P.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Alice Vilela
- Chemistry Research Centre (CQ-VR), Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.P.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Francisco Guedes
- Cermouros-Cerejas de São Martinho de Mouros, Lda., Quinta da Ribeira, Bulhos, 4660-210 Resende, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Department of Agronomy, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.P.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.P.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
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Pereira S, Silva V, Bacelar E, Guedes F, Silva AP, Ribeiro C, Gonçalves B. Cracking in Sweet Cherry Cultivars Early Bigi and Lapins: Correlation with Quality Attributes. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1557. [PMID: 33198394 PMCID: PMC7697881 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fruit cracking is one of the main concerns in sweet cherry production and is caused by a heavy rainfall before and during the harvest. This physiological disorder leads to severe economic losses, which can be more or less effective depending on the cracked region of the fruit: in the cheeks (side cracks), in the stylar scar region, or in the stem cavity region. Sweet cherry cracking can be affected by several factors such as cultivar, growing conditions, rootstock, fruit size, flesh osmotic potential, cuticular characteristics of the skin, and stage of fruit development. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the cracking incidence in two sweet cherry cultivars (Early Bigi and Lapins grafted on "Saint Lucie 64" rootstock) and correlate the cracking index with other quality parameters. Fruits were harvested on 2 May (cv. Early Bigi) and on 27 May (cv. Lapins) 2019 at their commercial ripening stage. In the field, the total yield and the trunk cross-sectional area were determined for each tree in order to calculate the yield efficiency. In the laboratory, the cracking index was determined in 150 fruits without visual defects. In addition, fruit size and weight, wax content, flesh firmness, epidermis rupture force, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, and maturity index of 30 fruits were also evaluated. In general, all the analyzed quality parameters were influenced by the cultivar, being that cv. Lapins presented larger, heavier, firmer, and sweeter fruits, with more acidity and higher maturation index. However, cv. Lapins also presented higher cracking index, which was positively correlated with all the parameters above-mentioned and negatively correlated with the wax content. In fact, cv. Early Bigi presented a high wax content and simultaneously a low cracking index. The stylar scar region cracks were the most prevalent in both cultivars. These results allowed us to conclude that, in the North Portugal region, the Lapins cherries presented better quality attributes than the Early Bigi cherries. However, the latter are still very valuable to the region due to its early ripening. Additionally, it was also possible to conclude that bigger, firmer, more mature, and with lower wax content cherries were more sensitive to cracking than the smaller fruits, soft-fleshed, less mature, and with higher wax content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pereira
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Vânia Silva
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Francisco Guedes
- Cermouros—Cerejas de São Martinho de Mouros, Lda, Quinta da Ribeira, Bulhos, 4660-210 Resende, Portugal;
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Department of Agronomy, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (E.B.); (A.P.S.); (B.G.)
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Guedes F, Boléo-Tomé JP, Rodrigues LV, Bastos HN, Campainha S, de Santis M, Mota L, Bugalho A. Recommendations for interventional pulmonology during COVID-19 outbreak: a consensus statement from the Portuguese Pulmonology Society. Pulmonology 2020; 26:386-397. [PMID: 32868252 PMCID: PMC7405831 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. Its capacity for human-to-human transmission through respiratory droplets, coupled with a high-level of population mobility, has resulted in a rapid dissemination worldwide. Healthcare workers have been particularly exposed to the risk of infection and represent a significant proportion of COVID-19 cases in the worst affected regions of Europe. Like other open airway procedures or aerosol-generating procedures, bronchoscopy poses a significant risk of spreading contaminated droplets, and medical workers must adapt the procedures to ensure safety of both patients and staff. Several recommendation documents were published at the beginning of the pandemic, but as the situation evolves, our thoughts should not only focus on the present, but should also reflect on how we are going to deal with the presence of the virus in the community until there is a vaccine or specific treatment available. It is in this sense that this document aims to guide interventional pulmonology throughout this period, providing a set of recommendations on how to perform bronchoscopy or pleural procedures safely and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guedes
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Hospital Geral de Santo António (HGSA), Unidade de Broncologia, Serviço de Pneumologia, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401, Porto, Portugal.
| | - J P Boléo-Tomé
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - L V Rodrigues
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Sousa Martins, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - H N Bastos
- Department of Pneumology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC/i3S - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular / Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - S Campainha
- Pulmonology Department, Vila Nova de Gaia-Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - M de Santis
- Pulmonology Department, Instituto Português de Oncologia (IPO), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L Mota
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Pulido Valente, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Bugalho
- Pulmonology Department, CUF Infante Santo Hospital and CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gonçalves B, Morais MC, Sequeira A, Ribeiro C, Guedes F, Silva AP, Aires A. Quality preservation of sweet cherry cv. 'staccato' by using glycine-betaine or Ascophyllum nodosum. Food Chem 2020; 322:126713. [PMID: 32283370 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pre-harvest application of exogenous compounds has been employed in many crops, as a cultural practice, to promote their adaptation to a new climate-changing environment. Effect of foliar pre-harvest application of salicylic acid, glycine-betaine complex and seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum) on the cherry quality from 'Staccato' cultivar was studied. Treatments significantly affected (p < 0.01) the fruit size, soluble solids content, pH, colour, polyphenols, vitamin C and antioxidant activity. Glycine-betaine and A. nodosum treated cherries presented higher dimensions, soluble solids content and pH and lower acidity. In addition, these cherries had a higher content of polyphenols and vitamin C and antioxidant capacity, but lower values of L*, C*ab and hue angle, meaning that both treatments can rise the fruit ripening process. Therefore, the pre-harvest application of glycine-betaine and A. nodosum can be a good alternative to promote the adaptation of sweet cherry tree to stressful environmental conditions, without compromising the fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal; Departament of Biology and Environment, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Maria Cristina Morais
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alex Sequeira
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Departament of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Francisco Guedes
- Cermouros- Cerejas de São Martinho de Mouros, Lda., Quinta da Ribeira, Bulhos, 4660-210 Resende, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal; Departament of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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Rodrigues LV, Gomes R, Samouco G, Guedes F, Ferreira L. Current utilization of pleuroscopy in mainland Portugal. Pulmonology 2019; 25:51-53. [PMID: 30770284 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L V Rodrigues
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Sousa Martins, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal.
| | - R Gomes
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Sousa Martins, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal
| | - G Samouco
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Sousa Martins, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Portugal
| | - F Guedes
- Bronchology Unit, Pulmonology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Portugal; Animal Study Sciences Center, Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Department of Veterinarian Clinics, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - L Ferreira
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Sousa Martins, Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal
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Areias J, Calinas F, Porto A, Carvalho A, Freitas D, Macedo G, Noronha R, Cotter J, Meliço-Silvestre A, Peixe R, Pratas J, Barrote D, Teixeira R, Augusto F, Carrilho I, Campante F, Velosa J, Carvalho L, Duarte MA, Guerreiro H, Pires C, Silva A, Cotrim I, Guedes F, Tomé L, Marcelino M, Gonçalves C, Ferreira E, Matos L, Peixe P, Esteves J, Valente T, Simões C, Marinho C, Jasmins L, Vieira MJ, Marinho R, Matos P, Estevens J, Carrasquinho J, Salcedo G, Parada P, Teixeira C. One year of Lamivudine therapy for portuguese patients with chronic hepatitis B. Clin Drug Investig 2012; 23:339-46. [PMID: 17535046 DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200323050-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of lamivudine treatment on hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and/or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion, on other virological and serological markers of response including hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and serum aminotransferases, and the safety of lamivudine treatment in hepatitis B patients. PATIENTS This phase III open-label study evaluated the virological and biochemical response to lamivudine in 70 Portuguese patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. Patients were treated with lamivudine 100mg once daily for 12 months. METHODS Antiviral activity was assessed by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels at all protocol visits, and hepatitis B serology and HBV DNA were performed at baseline and at month 12 visits. Evaluation of safety and tolerance was based on clinical adverse events and laboratory analyses. RESULTS The primary endpoint was virological response at month 12, defined as loss of detectable HBeAg from serum with a reduction of HBV DNA to undetectable levels, and this was observed in 19/69 (27.5%) of patients. Almost half of the patients were HBV DNA negative by this time. Mean ALT values decreased steadily during treatment and by 12 months 61% of patients had values within the normal range. HBeAg seroconversion (HBeAg negative, HBeAb positive) was achieved in 27.9% of patients by 12 months, although all patients remained HBsAg positive. CONCLUSION Lamivudine was well tolerated and the incidence of adverse events was similar to those reported in previous studies. Lamivudine treatment resulted in virological and biochemical improvements in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients, with HBeAg seroconversion in one-third of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Areias
- Hospital Geral de Santo António, Oporto, Portugal
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Futata E, Azor M, Dos Santos J, Maruta C, Sotto M, Guedes F, Rivitti E, Duarte A, Sato M. Impaired IFN-α secretion by plasmacytoid dendritic cells induced by TLR9 activation in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Br J Dermatol 2011; 164:1271-9. [PMID: 21198536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the early events of the immune response, through the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) by Toll-like receptor (TLR)9-sensing, could contribute to the evaluation of immune dysregulation in chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). OBJECTIVES We decided to investigate innate immunity in CIU and the mechanisms implicated in the modulation of interferon (IFN)-α production by pDC upon TLR9 activation. METHODS Patients with CIU (n = 31) and healthy control subjects (HC, n = 36) were enrolled in the study. Leucocytes cultured with the TLR9 ligand, CpG type A, or with inhibitory-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) were used to determine IFN-α secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Enumeration of pDC, intracellular IFN-α and signal transducers and activators of transcription protein (STAT) (1 and 4) phosphorylation were assessed by flow cytometry. TLR9 and regulatory factor-7 mRNA transcripts were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Evidence of pDC in the skin lesions of patients was analysed with immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS The findings show a decreased IFN-α secretion induced by CpG A by leucocytes, due to the diminished IFN-α expression on pDC in CIU. It was mediated by TLR9-activation since inhibitory-ODN further suppressed TLR9-induced IFN-α secretion. A normal pDC percentage and degree of activation by the expression of costimulatory molecules was observed in CIU, with the rare presence of pDC in the skin lesion. In addition, an increased constitutive STAT1 phosphorylation on nonstimulated lymphocytes and a downregulation of TLR9 mRNA transcripts after CpG A activation were verified in patients with CIU. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed an innate immune response in CIU disturbed by impairment of the pDC response to TLR9 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Futata
- University of São Paulo, Department of Dermatology, São Paulo, Brazil
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Moussallem TM, Guedes F, Fernandes ER, Pagliari C, Andrade HF, Duarte MIS, Lancellotti CLP. CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULAR PHENOTYPES AND CYTOKINE EXPRESSION IN BALT FROM CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 22:449-59. [PMID: 14578038 DOI: 10.1080/pdp.22.6.449.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study was performed to target and call attention to the bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), part of our immune system, from which, we believe, several forms of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches can be developed. The characterization of its immune components, cells, and cytokines, in absence of antigenic stimuli, is pioneer in literature. Eighteen cases of necropsies were chosen and selected the paraffin-embedded lungs. The ages of 11 females and 7 males varied from 5 to 31 months. Cause of death: congenital heart diseases. EXCLUSION CRITERIA lung infection at necropsy and/or arterial hypertrophy greater than Heath-Edwards' 1st degree. Immunohistochemical technique was applied to identify the cell phenotypes and the cytokines in situ. BALT was identified in all cases in this study. The main cellular phenotypes in BALT were T helper (TH) and B lymphocytes surrounded by T cytotoxic lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells in less quantities. Interleukin 10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha were the predominant cytokines in BALT without antigenic stimuli. BALT is an important structure of the lung immune system in infants, with a tendency to maintain an environment favorable to the Th2 arm of immune response. It needs more exploration to define its behavior in front of infections, especially those with pulmonary tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Moussallem
- Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Guedes F, de Andrade HF, Fernandes ER, Tuon FF, Brasil RA, Pagliari C, Duarte MIS. The effects of human herpesvirus 8 infection and interferon-gamma response in cutaneous lesions of Kaposi sarcoma differ among human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected individuals. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:839-46. [PMID: 18644020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). The cutaneous immune response in this tumour is not well established and a better understanding is necessary. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the HHV-8 expression and immune response in cutaneous lesions of classic KS (CKS) and AIDS-associated KS (AIDS-KS). METHODS We performed a quantitative immunohistochemical study of cells expressing HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), CD4, CD8 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in skin lesions from patients with CKS and AIDS-KS (with or without highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART). RESULTS CKS showed higher LANA expression compared with AIDS-KS, regardless of HAART. We also found higher LANA expression in nodules compared with patch/plaque lesions. The tissue CD4+ cell proportion was lower in AIDS-KS patients without HAART than in patients with CKS. In CKS lesions, CD4+ and CD8+ cells expressed IFN-gamma, as shown by double immunostaining. AIDS-KS presented low numbers of IFN-gamma-expressing cells. CD8+ cell numbers were similar in all groups, which appeared unrelated to the clinical or epidemiological type of KS. CONCLUSIONS Our quantitative data on the pattern of KS lesions in selected groups of patients, as shown by in situ immune response, demonstrated a CD4+ T-cell involvement associated with IFN-gamma, an environment of immune response-modified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In our sample, the promotion of KS in patients without HIV appears to be related to higher HHV-8 load or virulence than in those with AIDS. This higher resistance may be explained by a sustained immune response against this herpesvirus, that is only partially restored but effective after HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guedes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
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Rotta NT, Silva C, Ohlweiler L, Lago I, Cabral R, Gonçalves F, Almeida AM, Khan R, Mello L, Ranzan J, Guedes F. [Aids neurologic manifestations in childhood]. Rev Neurol 1999; 29:319-22. [PMID: 10797917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with AIDS get infected mainly by vertical transmission. DEVELOPMENT That was what happened in 90% of the cases in a series of 340 HIV+ children followed at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Currently, after the use of prophylactic treatment during pregnancy and the six first weeks of life, our transmission rate is 3% to 4%. The incidence of neurologic complications in the vertical transmission group was 49% in our prospective series, and due either to immunosuppression or primary neurological disease. Neurologic changes secondary to HIV constitute a complex syndrome, manifested by various degrees of cognitive, motor and behavioral delay. Encephalopathy can be either progressive or static. In our series, encephalopathy occurred in 32.5% of cases, developmental delay in 42.5%, seizures in 6%, speech delay in 5%, headaches in 2.5% and behavioral disorders in 2%. Central nervous system infections happened in 33.8% of our cases: acute bacterial infections in 11%, cytomegalovirus in 6.8%, toxoplasmosis in 5.9%, cryptococcal in 5%, tuberculous in 3.8% and syphilis in 1.3%. Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents were seen in 2.5% of our cases, and peripheral neuropathy in 5%. Seventy percent of our cases had abnormalities in the CSF, 75% in brain CT scans and 45% in EEGs. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of children with AIDS and neurologic manifestations was based on specific drugs aimed at controlling viral replication. Best response was obtained with combined use of AZT and other anti-retroviral neuro-protective.
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Barrett TV, Hoff R, Mott KE, Guedes F, Sherlock IA. An outbreak of acute Chagas's disease in the São Francisco Valley region of Bahia, Brazil: triatomine vectors and animal reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1979; 73:703-9. [PMID: 120045 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(79)90025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following reports of an unusually high incidence of acute Chagas's disease and the appearance of large numbers of Triatoma infestans in the southwestern region of the State of Bahia, triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and domestic animals in one of the affected communities were surveyed and examined for infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Triatoma infestans was prevalent in houses and was also found in peridomestic habitats. T. sordida and T. pseudomaculata occupied peridomestic and sylvatic habitats and T. brasiliensis was found only among rocks far from houses. Panstrongylus megistus, formerly present in the region, was not found. Trypanosoma cruzi was detected in 19.5% of Triatoma infestans, 11.5% of T. sordida, 19% of dogs, 29% of cats and 100% of rats examined. A disproportionate number of early instar bugs were infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, suggesting that a rapid increase in the rate of transmission had recently occurred. The history of the domestic triatomine fauna of the region since 1912 is reviewed, and it is proposed that the relatively recent arrival of Triatoma infestans initiated a domestic cycle linked to peridomestic and sylvatic cycles of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission. Increased human mobility, the use of DDT for malaria control, and drought conditions are considered as factors which might have contributed to the outbreak of human infection.
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Nascimiento da Fonseca R, Monteiro H, Reis G, Guedes F. [Our experience with ketamine in pediatric anesthesia]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1973; 20:121-4. [PMID: 4701282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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