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Wang YR, Samset BH, Stordal F, Bryn A, Hessen DO. Past and future trends of diurnal temperature range and their correlation with vegetation assessed by MODIS and CMIP6. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166727. [PMID: 37673261 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Temperature anomalies and changes in the diurnal temperature range (DTR) are expected to pose physiological challenges to biota; hence, both spatial and temporal variations in DTR provide important insights into temperature-induced stress in humans, animals, and vegetation. Furthermore, vegetation could dampen temperature variability. Here, we use the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data of Land Surface Temperature (LST) to evaluate the global variation in DTR and its rate of change in spatial and temporal scales for the two decades spanning from 2001 to 2020. We show that North America, Africa, and Antarctica, as well as the global mean, experienced statistically significant DTR rates of change over the last 20 years in either summer, winter, or the annual mean. The rates were all negative, indicating the day-night temperature differences are decreasing in those regions because night temperatures are increasing at a faster rate than day temperatures. MODIS data of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) revealed a strongly negative correlation with DTR, with a spatial correlation coefficient of -0.61. This correlation demonstrates a prominent dampening effect of vegetation on diurnal temperature oscillations. For future DTR projections, we used 19 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) to predict global DTR trends from 2021 to 2050 with low and high CO2 concentration scenarios. The high CO2 emission scenario projects significant decreases in DTR in circumpolar regions, central Africa, and India compared to the low CO2 scenario. This difference in the two scenarios underscores the substantial influence of increased global temperatures and elevated CO2 concentration on DTR and, consequently, on the ecosystems in certain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ren Wang
- Dept. Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Marine Affairs, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Dept. Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Bjørn H Samset
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo 0349, Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Dept. Geosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Anders Bryn
- Natural History Museum and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Dept. Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
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2
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Keetz LT, Lieungh E, Karimi-Asli K, Geange SR, Gelati E, Tang H, Yilmaz YA, Aas KS, Althuizen IHJ, Bryn A, Falk S, Fisher R, Fouilloux A, Horvath P, Indrehus S, Lee H, Lombardozzi D, Parmentier FJW, Pirk N, Vandvik V, Vollsnes AV, Skarpaas O, Stordal F, Tallaksen LM. Climate-ecosystem modelling made easy: The Land Sites Platform. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:4440-4452. [PMID: 37303068 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) provide a state-of-the-art process-based approach to study the complex interplay between vegetation and its physical environment. For example, they help to predict how terrestrial plants interact with climate, soils, disturbance and competition for resources. We argue that there is untapped potential for the use of DGVMs in ecological and ecophysiological research. One fundamental barrier to realize this potential is that many researchers with relevant expertize (ecology, plant physiology, soil science, etc.) lack access to the technical resources or awareness of the research potential of DGVMs. Here we present the Land Sites Platform (LSP): new software that facilitates single-site simulations with the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator, an advanced DGVM coupled with the Community Land Model. The LSP includes a Graphical User Interface and an Application Programming Interface, which improve the user experience and lower the technical thresholds for installing these model architectures and setting up model experiments. The software is distributed via version-controlled containers; researchers and students can run simulations directly on their personal computers or servers, with relatively low hardware requirements, and on different operating systems. Version 1.0 of the LSP supports site-level simulations. We provide input data for 20 established geo-ecological observation sites in Norway and workflows to add generic sites from public global datasets. The LSP makes standard model experiments with default data easily achievable (e.g., for educational or introductory purposes) while retaining flexibility for more advanced scientific uses. We further provide tools to visualize the model input and output, including simple examples to relate predictions to local observations. The LSP improves access to land surface and DGVM modelling as a building block of community cyberinfrastructure that may inspire new avenues for mechanistic ecosystem research across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse T Keetz
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Lieungh
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sonya R Geange
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Hui Tang
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate System Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yeliz A Yilmaz
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil S Aas
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge H J Althuizen
- Division of Climate and Environment, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Bryn
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefanie Falk
- Department of Geography, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rosie Fisher
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Peter Horvath
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Hanna Lee
- Division of Climate and Environment, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Danica Lombardozzi
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Frans-Jan W Parmentier
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Norbert Pirk
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ane V Vollsnes
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Skarpaas
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Wang YR, Buchmann N, Hessen DO, Stordal F, Erisman JW, Vollsnes AV, Andersen T, Dolman H. Disentangling effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers on forest net ecosystem production. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156326. [PMID: 35654183 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) of forests is the net carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between land and the atmosphere due to forests' biogeochemical processes. NEP varies with natural drivers such as precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, plant functional type (PFT), and soil texture, which affect the gross primary production and ecosystem respiration, and thus the net C sequestration. It is also known that deposition of sulphur and nitrogen influences NEP in forest ecosystems. These drivers' respective, unique effects on NEP, however, are often difficult to be individually identified by conventional bivariate analysis. Here we show that by analyzing 22 forest sites with 231 site-year data acquired from FLUXNET database across Europe for the years 2000-2014, the individual, unique effects of these drivers on annual forest CO2 fluxes can be disentangled using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) for nonlinear regression analysis. We show that S and N deposition have substantial impacts on NEP, where S deposition above 5 kg S ha-1 yr-1 can significantly reduce NEP, and N deposition around 22 kg N ha-1 yr-1 has the highest positive effect on NEP. Our results suggest that air quality management of S and N is crucial for maintaining healthy biogeochemical functions of forests to mitigate climate change. Furthermore, the empirical models we developed for estimating NEP of forests can serve as a forest management tool in the context of climate change mitigation. Potential applications include the assessment of forest carbon fluxes in the REDD+ framework of the UNFCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ren Wang
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway; Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Jan Willem Erisman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden 2311, the Netherlands
| | - Ane Victoria Vollsnes
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Han Dolman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel 1797 SZ, the Netherlands
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Beigaitė R, Tang H, Bryn A, Skarpaas O, Stordal F, Bjerke JW, Žliobaitė I. Identifying climate thresholds for dominant natural vegetation types at the global scale using machine learning: Average climate versus extremes. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3557-3579. [PMID: 35212092 PMCID: PMC9302987 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The global distribution of vegetation is largely determined by climatic conditions and feeds back into the climate system. To predict future vegetation changes in response to climate change, it is crucial to identify and understand key patterns and processes that couple vegetation and climate. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have been widely applied to describe the distribution of vegetation types and their future dynamics in response to climate change. As a process-based approach, it partly relies on hard-coded climate thresholds to constrain the distribution of vegetation. What thresholds to implement in DGVMs and how to replace them with more process-based descriptions remain among the major challenges. In this study, we employ machine learning using decision trees to extract large-scale relationships between the global distribution of vegetation and climatic characteristics from remotely sensed vegetation and climate data. We analyse how the dominant vegetation types are linked to climate extremes as compared to seasonally or annually averaged climatic conditions. The results show that climate extremes allow us to describe the distribution and eco-climatological space of the vegetation types more accurately than the averaged climate variables, especially those types which occupy small territories in a relatively homogeneous ecological space. Future predicted vegetation changes using both climate extremes and averaged climate variables are less prominent than that predicted by averaged climate variables and are in better agreement with those of DGVMs, further indicating the importance of climate extremes in determining geographic distributions of different vegetation types. We found that the temperature thresholds for vegetation types (e.g. grass and open shrubland) in cold environments vary with moisture conditions. The coldest daily maximum temperature (extreme cold day) is particularly important for separating many different vegetation types. These findings highlight the need for a more explicit representation of the impacts of climate extremes on vegetation in DGVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Beigaitė
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Hui Tang
- Natural History MuseumUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of GeosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Anders Bryn
- Natural History MuseumUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | | | - Frode Stordal
- Department of GeosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Jarle W. Bjerke
- Norwegian Institute for Nature ResearchFRAM – High North Research Centre for Climate and the EnvironmentTromsøNorway
| | - Indrė Žliobaitė
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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5
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Hvidsten D, Frafjord K, Gray JS, Henningsson AJ, Jenkins A, Kristiansen BE, Lager M, Rognerud B, Slåtsve AM, Stordal F, Stuen S, Wilhelmsson P. The distribution limit of the common tick, Ixodes ricinus, and some associated pathogens in north-western Europe. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 11:101388. [PMID: 32122808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In north-western Europe, the common tick, Ixodes ricinus, is widely established, its distribution appears to be increasing and the spread of tick-borne diseases is of increasing concern. The project 'Flått i Nord' (Ticks in northern Norway) commenced in spring 2009 with the intention of studying the tick's distribution and that of its pathogens in northern Norway. Several methods were used: cloth-dragging, collecting from trapped small mammals, and collecting from pets. Since 2010, the occurrence of ticks in the region of northern Norway was determined directly by cloth-dragging 167 times in 109 separate locations between the latitudes of 64 °N and 70 °N (included seven locations in the northern part of Trøndelag County). The northernmost location of a permanent I. ricinus population was found to be Nordøyvågen (66.2204 °N, 12.59 °E) on the Island of Dønna. In a sample of 518 nymphal and adult ticks, the Borrelia prevalence collected close to this distribution limit varied but was low (1-15 %) compared with the locations in Trøndelag, south of the study area (15-27 %). Five specimens (1 %) were positive for Rickettsia helvetica. The length of the vegetation growing season (GSL) can be used as an approximate index for the presence of established populations of I. ricinus. The present study suggests that the threshold GSL for tick establishment is about 170 days, because the median GSL from 1991 to 2015 was 174-184 days at sites with permanent tick populations, showing a clear increase compared with the period 1961-1990. This apparent manifestation of climate change could explain the northward extension of the range of I. ricinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hvidsten
- University Hospital of North Norway, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Tromsø, Norway; Nordland Hospital, Division of Diagnostic Services, Department of Microbiology, Bodø, Norway.
| | - K Frafjord
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø University Museum, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J S Gray
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A J Henningsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, AND Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Jenkins
- University of South-Eastern Norway, Department of Natural Science and Environmental Health, Bø, Norway
| | | | - M Lager
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, AND Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - B Rognerud
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - A M Slåtsve
- Nordland Hospital, Division of Diagnostic Services, Department of Microbiology, Bodø, Norway
| | - F Stordal
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Stuen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Section for Small Ruminants Research, Sandnes, Norway
| | - P Wilhelmsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, AND Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Pereira-Flores ME, Justino F, Ruiz-Vera UM, Stordal F, Melo AAM, Rodrigues RDÁ. Response of soybean yield components and allocation of dry matter to increased temperature and CO2 concentration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.06.p7310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Laken BA, Stordal F. Are there statistical links between the direction of European weather systems and ENSO, the solar cycle or stratospheric aerosols? R Soc Open Sci 2016; 3:150320. [PMID: 26998314 PMCID: PMC4785965 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Hess Brezowsky Großwetterlagen (HBGWL) European weather classification system, accumulated over a long period (more than 130 years), provides a rare opportunity to examine the impact of various factors on regional atmospheric flow. We have used these data to examine changes in the frequency (days/month) of given weather systems direction (WSD) during peak phases in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), solar cycle (SC) and peaks in stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) with superposed epoch analysis and Monte Carlo significance testing. We found highly significant responses to the NAO consistent with expectations: this signal confirmed the utility of the HBGWL data for this type of analysis and provided a benchmark of a clear response. WSD changes associated with ENSO, SC and AOD were generally within the ranges expected from random samples. When seasonal restrictions were added the results were similar, however, we found one clearly significant result: an increase in southerly flow of 2.6±0.8 days/month (p=1.9×10(-4)) during boreal summertime in association with El Niño. This result supports the existence of a robust teleconnection between the ENSO and European weather.
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Lindholm M, Hessen DO, Færøvig PJ, Rognerud B, Andersen T, Stordal F. Is distribution of cold stenotherms constrained by temperature? The case of the Arctic fairy shrimp (Branchinecta paludosa O.F. Müller 1788). J Therm Biol 2015; 53:46-52. [PMID: 26590455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Small water bodies in cold climate respond fast to global warming, and species adapted to such habitats may be valuable indicators for climate change. We investigated the geographical and physiological temperature limits of the Arctic fairy shrimp (Branchinecta paludosa), which is common in cold water arctic ponds, but at present retracts its range in alpine areas along its southern outreach of Norway. Seasonal logging of water temperatures along an altitudinal transect revealed an upper temperature limit of 12.7°C for its presence, which closely matched a calculated upper temperature limit of 12.9°C throughout its entire Norwegian range. Field data hence point to cold stenotherm features, which would be consistent with its Arctic, circumpolar distribution. Lab experiments, on the other hand, revealed a linear increase in respiration over 10-20°C. When fed ad libitum somatic growth increased with temperature, as well, without negative physiological impacts of higher temperatures. The absence of Branchinecta paludosa in ponds warmer than 13°C could still be due to a mismatch between temperature dependent metabolism and limited energy supply in these ultraoligotrophic water bodies. We discuss the concept of cold stenothermy in this context, and the impacts of regional warming on the future distribution of the Arctic fairy shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lindholm
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research/NIVA, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway; Rudolf Steiner University College, Professor Dahls gate 32, 0260 Oslo, Norway.
| | - D O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - P J Færøvig
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Rognerud
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, P.O. Box 1047 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Andersen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - F Stordal
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, P.O. Box 1047 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Hvidsten D, Stordal F, Lager M, Rognerud B, Kristiansen BE, Matussek A, Gray J, Stuen S. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-infected Ixodes ricinus collected from vegetation near the Arctic Circle. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2015; 6:768-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Justino F, Stordal F, Clement A, Coppola E, Setzer A, Brumatti D. Modelling Weather and Climate Related Fire Risk in Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2013.24022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Justino F, Oliveira EC, Rodrigues RDÁ, Gonçalves PHL, Souza PJOP, Stordal F, Marengo J, Silva TGD, Delgado RC, Lindemann DDS, Costa LC. Mean and Interannual Variability of Maize and Soybean in Brazil under Global Warming Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2013.24024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Greally BR, Manning AJ, Reimann S, McCulloch A, Huang J, Dunse BL, Simmonds PG, Prinn RG, Fraser PJ, Cunnold DM, O'Doherty S, Porter LW, Stemmler K, Vollmer MK, Lunder CR, Schmidbauer N, Hermansen O, Arduini J, Salameh PK, Krummel PB, Wang RHJ, Folini D, Weiss RF, Maione M, Nickless G, Stordal F, Derwent RG. Observations of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations in 1994–2004 and derived global and regional emission estimates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Myhre G, Berntsen TK, Haywood JM, Sundet JK, Holben BN, Johnsrud M, Stordal F. Modeling the solar radiative impact of aerosols from biomass burning during the Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI-2000) experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Myhre
- Department of Geophysics; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
| | - Terje K. Berntsen
- Department of Geophysics; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Center for International Climate and Environmental Research-Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | | | | | - Brent N. Holben
- Biospheric Sciences Branch; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Mona Johnsrud
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Department of Geophysics; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
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Myhre G, Karlsdóttir S, Isaksen ISA, Stordal F. Radiative forcing due to changes in tropospheric ozone in the period 1980 to 1996. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kraabøl AG, Flatøy F, Stordal F. Impact of NOxemissions from subsonic aircraft: Inclusion of plume processes in a three-dimensional model covering Europe, North America, and the North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rummukainen M, Isaksen ISA, Rognerud B, Stordal F. A global model tool for three-dimensional multiyear stratospheric chemistry simulations: Model description and first results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Berntsen TK, Isaksen ISA, Myhre G, Fuglestvedt JS, Stordal F, Larsen TA, Freckleton RS, Shine KP. Effects of anthropogenic emissions on tropospheric ozone and its radiative forcing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Notholt J, Toon G, Stordal F, Solberg S, Schmidbauer N, Becker E, Meier A, Sen B. Seasonal variations of atmospheric trace gases in the high Arctic at 79°N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Olson J, Prather M, Berntsen T, Carmichael G, Chatfield R, Connell P, Derwent R, Horowitz L, Jin S, Kanakidou M, Kasibhatla P, Kotamarthi R, Kuhn M, Law K, Penner J, Perliski L, Sillman S, Stordal F, Thompson A, Wild O. Results from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change Photochemical Model Intercomparison (PhotoComp). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd03380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Garcia RR, Stordal F, Solomon S, Kiehl JT. A new numerical model of the middle atmosphere: 1. Dynamics and transport of tropospheric source gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fisher DA, Hales CH, Filkin DL, Ko MKW, Sze ND, Connell PS, Wuebbles DJ, Isaksen ISA, Stordal F. Model calculations of the relative effects of CFCs and their replacements on stratospheric ozone. Nature 1990. [DOI: 10.1038/344508a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Isaksen ISA, Stordal F. Ozone perturbations by enhanced levels of CFCs, N2O, and CH4: A two-dimensional diabatic circulation study including uncertainty estimates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1029/jd091id04p05249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Stordal F, Isaksen ISA, Horntveth K. A diabatic circulation two-dimensional model with photochemistry: Simulations of ozone and long-lived tracers with surface sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id03p05757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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