1
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Mascarenhas J, Kremyanskaya M, Patriarca A, Palandri F, Devos T, Passamonti F, Rampal RK, Mead AJ, Hobbs G, Scandura JM, Talpaz M, Granacher N, Somervaille TCP, Hoffman R, Wondergem MJ, Salama ME, Colak G, Cui J, Kiladjian JJ, Vannucchi AM, Verstovsek S, Curto-García N, Harrison C, Gupta V. MANIFEST: Pelabresib in Combination With Ruxolitinib for Janus Kinase Inhibitor Treatment-Naïve Myelofibrosis. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4993-5004. [PMID: 36881782 PMCID: PMC10642902 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Standard therapy for myelofibrosis comprises Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis), yet spleen response rates of 30%-40%, high discontinuation rates, and a lack of disease modification highlight an unmet need. Pelabresib (CPI-0610) is an investigational, selective oral bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibitor (BETi). METHODS MANIFEST (ClinicalTrails.gov identifier: NCT02158858), a global, open-label, nonrandomized, multicohort, phase II study, includes a cohort of JAKi-naïve patients with myelofibrosis treated with pelabresib and ruxolitinib. The primary end point is a spleen volume reduction of ≥ 35% (SVR35) at 24 weeks. RESULTS Eighty-four patients received ≥ 1 dose of pelabresib and ruxolitinib. The median age was 68 (range, 37-85) years; 24% of patients were intermediate-1 risk, 61% were intermediate-2 risk, and 16% were high risk as per the Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System; 66% (55 of 84) of patients had a hemoglobin level of < 10 g/dL at baseline. At 24 weeks, 68% (57 of 84) achieved SVR35, and 56% (46 of 82) achieved a total symptom score reduction of ≥ 50% (TSS50). Additional benefits at week 24 included 36% (29 of 84) of patients with improved hemoglobin levels (mean, 1.3 g/dL; median, 0.8 g/dL), 28% (16 of 57) with ≥ 1 grade improvement in fibrosis, and 29.5% (13 of 44) with > 25% reduction in JAK2V617F-mutant allele fraction, which was associated with SVR35 response (P = .018, Fisher's exact test). At 48 weeks, 60% (47 of 79) of patients had SVR35 response. Grade 3 or 4 toxicities seen in ≥ 10% patients were thrombocytopenia (12%) and anemia (35%), leading to treatment discontinuation in three patients. 95% (80 of 84) of the study participants continued combination therapy beyond 24 weeks. CONCLUSION The rational combination of the BETi pelabresib and ruxolitinib in JAKi-naïve patients with myelofibrosis was well tolerated and showed durable improvements in spleen and symptom burden, with associated biomarker findings of potential disease-modifying activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Marina Kremyanskaya
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Hematology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Palandri
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Institute of Hematology “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
| | - Timothy Devos
- Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (Rega Institute), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Adam J. Mead
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Hobbs
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Moshe Talpaz
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Tim C. P. Somervaille
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust & Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Gozde Colak
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals Inc, a MorphoSys Company, Boston, MA
| | - Jike Cui
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals Inc, a MorphoSys Company, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Leukemia Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Claire Harrison
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Li D, Wang P, Zhu WW, Zhang B, Zhang XX, Duan R, Zhang YK, Feng Y, Tang NY, Chatterjee S, Cordes JM, Cruces M, Dai S, Gajjar V, Hobbs G, Jin C, Kramer M, Lorimer DR, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Pan ZC, Qian L, Spitler L, Werthimer D, Zhang GQ, Wang FY, Xie XY, Yue YL, Zhang L, Zhi QJ, Zhu Y. Author Correction: A bimodal burst energy distribution of a repeating fast radio burst source. Nature 2021; 601:E1. [PMID: 34912125 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - P Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W W Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - X X Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y K Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N Y Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - S Chatterjee
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - J M Cordes
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - M Cruces
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V Gajjar
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Hobbs
- CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Kramer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - D R Lorimer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C C Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - C H Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J R Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Z C Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Spitler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - D Werthimer
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Q Zhang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Y Wang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - X Y Xie
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Y L Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q J Zhi
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Y Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Li D, Wang P, Zhu WW, Zhang B, Zhang XX, Duan R, Zhang YK, Feng Y, Tang NY, Chatterjee S, Cordes JM, Cruces M, Dai S, Gajjar V, Hobbs G, Jin C, Kramer M, Lorimer DR, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Pan ZC, Qian L, Spitler L, Werthimer D, Zhang GQ, Wang FY, Xie XY, Yue YL, Zhang L, Zhi QJ, Zhu Y. A bimodal burst energy distribution of a repeating fast radio burst source. Nature 2021; 598:267-271. [PMID: 34645999 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The event rate, energy distribution and time-domain behaviour of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) contain essential information regarding their physical nature and central engine, which are as yet unknown1,2. As the first precisely localized source, FRB 121102 (refs. 3-5) has been extensively observed and shows non-Poisson clustering of bursts over time and a power-law energy distribution6-8. However, the extent of the energy distribution towards the fainter end was not known. Here we report the detection of 1,652 independent bursts with a peak burst rate of 122 h-1, in 59.5 hours spanning 47 days. A peak in the isotropic equivalent energy distribution is found to be approximately 4.8 × 1037 erg at 1.25 GHz, below which the detection of bursts is suppressed. The burst energy distribution is bimodal, and well characterized by a combination of a log-normal function and a generalized Cauchy function. The large number of bursts in hour-long spans allows sensitive periodicity searches between 1 ms and 1,000 s. The non-detection of any periodicity or quasi-periodicity poses challenges for models involving a single rotating compact object. The high burst rate also implies that FRBs must be generated with a high radiative efficiency, disfavouring emission mechanisms with large energy requirements or contrived triggering conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - P Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W W Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - X X Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y K Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N Y Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - S Chatterjee
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - J M Cordes
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - M Cruces
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V Gajjar
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Hobbs
- CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Kramer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - D R Lorimer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C C Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - C H Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J R Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Z C Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Spitler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
| | - D Werthimer
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Q Zhang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Y Wang
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - X Y Xie
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Y L Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Q J Zhi
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Y Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, NAOC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Edwards T, Williams C, Teethaisong Y, Sealey J, Sasaki S, Hobbs G, Cuevas LE, Evans K, Adams ER. A highly multiplexed melt-curve assay for detecting the most prevalent carbapenemase, ESBL, and AmpC genes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 97:115076. [PMID: 32521424 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems in Gram-negative bacteria is chiefly mediated by beta-lactamases including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, and carbapenemase enzymes. Routine phenotypic detection methods do not provide timely results, and there is a lack of comprehensive molecular panels covering all important markers. An ESBL/carbapenemase high-resolution melt analysis (HRM) assay (SHV, TEM, CTX-M ESBL families, and NDM, IMP, KPC, VIM and OXA-48-like carbapenemases) and an AmpC HRM assay (16S rDNA control, FOX, MOX, ACC, EBC, CIT, and DHA) were designed and evaluated on 111 Gram-negative isolates with mixed resistance patterns. The sensitivity for carbapenemase, ESBL, and AmpC genes was 96.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.8-99.9%), 93.6% (95% CI: 85.7-97.9%), and 93.8% (95% CI: 82.8-98.7%), respectively, with a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 95.6-100%), 93.9% (95% CI: 79.8-99.3%), and 93.7% (95% CI: 84.5-98.2%). The HRM assays enable the simultaneous detection of the 14 most important ESBL, carbapenemase, and AmpC genes and could be used as a molecular surveillance tool or to hasten detection of antimicrobial resistance for treatment management.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Edwards
- Research Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - C Williams
- Research Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Y Teethaisong
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Sealey
- Research Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Sasaki
- Research Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Hobbs
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L E Cuevas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K Evans
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E R Adams
- Research Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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5
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Gigoux M, Zappasodi R, Park JJ, Pourpe S, Ghosh A, Bozkus CC, Mangarin LM, Redmond D, Verma S, Schad S, Duke W, Leventhal M, Jan M, Ho V, Hobbs G, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Kjær L, Larsen TS, Hansen DL, Lindsley RC, Hasselbalch H, Grauslund JH, Andersen MH, Holmström MO, Chan T, Rampal R, Abdel-Wahab O, Bhardwaj N, Wolchok JD, Mullally A, Merghoub T. Heteroclitic peptide cancer vaccine counters MHC-I skewing in mutant calreticulin-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.239.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The majority of JAK2WT myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) have disease-initiating frameshift mutations in calreticulin (CALR) resulting in a common novel C-terminal mutant fragment (CALRMUT), representing an attractive source of neoantigens for cancer vaccines. However, studies have shown that CALRMUT-specific T cells are rare in CALRMUT MPN patients, but the reasons for this phenomenon are unknown. In this study, we examine class-I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) allele frequency in CALRMUT MPN patients from two independent cohorts and observed that MHC-I alleles that present CALRMUT neoepitopes with high affinity are under-represented in CALRMUT MPN patients. We speculate that this is due to an increased chance of immune-mediated tumor rejection by individuals expressing one of these MHC-I alleles. As a result of this MHC-I allele restriction, we reasoned that CALRMUT MPN patients would not efficiently respond to cancer vaccines composed of the CALRMUT fragment, but could do so with a properly modified CALRMUT heteroclitic peptide vaccine approach. We found that heteroclitic CALRMUT peptides designed for CALRMUT MPN patient MHC-I alleles elicited a cross-reactive CD8+ T cell response in human PBMC samples otherwise unable to respond to the matched weakly immunogenic CALRMUT native peptides. We also modeled this effect in mice and observed that C57BL/6J mice, which are unable to mount an immune response to CALRMUT, can mount a cross-reactive CD8+ T cell response against a CALRMUT peptide upon heteroclitic peptide immunization and this was further amplified by combining with anti-PD-1. Together, our data underscore the therapeutic potential of heteroclitic peptide-based cancer vaccines in CALRMUT MPN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Gigoux
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
| | - Roberta Zappasodi
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
- 3Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
| | | | - Stephane Pourpe
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
| | | | | | | | - Svena Verma
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
- 4Weill Cornell Med. Col
| | - Sara Schad
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
- 7Weill Cornell Grad. Sch. of Med. Sci
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Ho
- 10Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | - Vibe Skov
- 12Zealand University Hospital, Denmark, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- 12Zealand University Hospital, Denmark, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacob H Grauslund
- 14National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Denmark
| | - Mads H Andersen
- 14National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Denmark
| | - Morten O Holmström
- 14National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Denmark
| | - Timothy Chan
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 4Weill Cornell Med. Col
| | | | | | | | - Jedd D Wolchok
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
- 4Weill Cornell Med. Col
| | - Ann Mullally
- 8Harvard Med. Sch
- 9Broad Inst. of MIT and Harvard
- 10Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
| | - Taha Merghoub
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- 2Ludwig Inst. for Cancer Res
- 4Weill Cornell Med. Col
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6
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Bamber AI, Fitzsimmons K, Cunniffe JG, Beasor CC, Mackintosh CA, Hobbs G. Diagnosis ofClostridium difficile-associated disease: examination of multiple algorithms using toxin EIA, glutamate dehydrogenase EIA and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Br J Biomed Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2012.12069136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. I. Bamber
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral
| | - K. Fitzsimmons
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral
| | - J. G. Cunniffe
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral
| | - C. C. Beasor
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral
| | - C. A. Mackintosh
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral
| | - G. Hobbs
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, UK
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7
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Robinson J, Hobbs G, Robinson C. Ulrike Wurth 1950-2018. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:173. [PMID: 31136694 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Buetefisch CM, Revill KP, Haut MW, Kowalski GM, Wischnewski M, Pifer M, Belagaje SR, Nahab F, Cobia DJ, Hu X, Drake D, Hobbs G. Abnormally reduced primary motor cortex output is related to impaired hand function in chronic stroke. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:1680-1694. [PMID: 29924707 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00715.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke often involves primary motor cortex (M1) and its corticospinal projections (CST). As hand function is critically dependent on these structures, its recovery is often incomplete. The neuronal substrate supporting affected hand function is not well understood but likely involves reorganized M1 and CST of the lesioned hemisphere (M1IL and CSTIL). We hypothesized that affected hand function in chronic stroke is related to structural and functional reorganization of M1IL and CSTIL. We tested 18 patients with chronic ischemic stroke involving M1 or CST. Their hand function was compared with 18 age-matched healthy subjects. M1IL thickness and CSTIL fractional anisotropy (FA) were determined with MRI and compared with measures of the other hemisphere. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to M1IL to determine its input-output function [stimulus response curve (SRC)]. The plateau of the SRC (MEPmax), inflection point, and slope parameters of the curve were extracted. Results were compared with measures in 12 age-matched healthy controls. MEPmax of M1IL was significantly smaller ( P = 0.02) in the patients, indicating reduced CSTIL motor output, and was correlated with impaired hand function ( P = 0.02). M1IL thickness ( P < 0.01) and CSTIL-FA ( P < 0.01) were reduced but did not correlate with hand function. The results indicate that employed M1IL or CSTIL structural measures do not explain the extent of impairment in hand function once M1 and CST are sufficiently functional for TMS to evoke a motor potential. Instead, impairment of hand function is best explained by the abnormally low output from M1IL. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hand function often remains impaired after stroke. While the critical role of the primary motor cortex (M1) and its corticospinal output (CST) for hand function has been described in the nonhuman primate stroke model, their structure and function have not been systematically evaluated for patients after stroke. We report that in chronic stroke patients with injury to M1 and/or CST an abnormally reduced M1 output is related to impaired hand function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Buetefisch
- Department of Neurology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - K P Revill
- Department of Psychology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M W Haut
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine , Morgantown, West Virginia.,Department of Neurology, West Virginia University School of Medicine , Morgantown, West Virginia.,Department of Radiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine , Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - G M Kowalski
- Department of Neurology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M Pifer
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine , Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - S R Belagaje
- Department of Neurology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia.,Marcus Stroke and Neuroscience Center, Grady Memorial Hospital , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - F Nahab
- Department of Neurology, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - D J Cobia
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah
| | - X Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside , Riverside, California
| | - D Drake
- Department of Biostatistics, The Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - G Hobbs
- Department of Statistics, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia
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Teethaisong Y, Eumkeb G, Nakouti I, Evans K, Hobbs G. A combined disc method with resazurin agar plate assay for early phenotypic screening of KPC, MBL and OXA-48 carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:408-14. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Teethaisong
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
- School of Pharmacology; Institute of Science; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
| | - G. Eumkeb
- School of Pharmacology; Institute of Science; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
| | - I. Nakouti
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - K. Evans
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - G. Hobbs
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
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10
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Rai A, Smith M, Boo S, Tarabishy A, Hobbs G, Carpenter J. P-014 A Six-Sigma Approach for Decreasing Door To Needle Times In Endovascular Stroke Therapy. J Neurointerv Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012589.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Shannon RM, Ravi V, Lentati LT, Lasky PD, Hobbs G, Kerr M, Manchester RN, Coles WA, Levin Y, Bailes M, Bhat NDR, Burke-Spolaor S, Dai S, Keith MJ, Osłowski S, Reardon DJ, van Straten W, Toomey L, Wang JB, Wen L, Wyithe JSB, Zhu XJ. Gravitational waves from binary supermassive black holes missing in pulsar observations. Science 2015; 349:1522-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Shannon
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - V. Ravi
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Post Office Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - L. T. Lentati
- Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - P. D. Lasky
- Monash Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Post Office Box 27, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - G. Hobbs
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - M. Kerr
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - R. N. Manchester
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - W. A. Coles
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Y. Levin
- Monash Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Post Office Box 27, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - M. Bailes
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Post Office Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - N. D. R. Bhat
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - S. Burke-Spolaor
- National Radio Astronomical Observatory, Array Operations Center, Post Office Box O, Socorro, NM 87801-0387, USA
| | - S. Dai
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M. J. Keith
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - S. Osłowski
- Department of Physics, Universitat Bielefeld, Universitatsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - D. J. Reardon
- Monash Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Post Office Box 27, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - W. van Straten
- Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Post Office Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - L. Toomey
- Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Post Office Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia
| | - J.-B. Wang
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - L. Wen
- School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - J. S. B. Wyithe
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - X.-J. Zhu
- School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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12
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Buetefisch CM, Howard C, Korb C, Haut MW, Shuster L, Pergami P, Smith C, Hobbs G. Conditions for enhancing the encoding of an elementary motor memory by rTMS. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 126:581-93. [PMID: 25113275 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motor learning results in changes of movement representation in primary motor cortex (M1) a process involving long-term potentiation (LTP). Pairing motor training with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of M1 enhances the formation of a motor memory. Here we determined the effect of pairing M1 stimulation and the execution of training movements at different times and frequencies on the formation of a motor memory. METHODS Formation of a motor memory was defined as increases in motor evoked potentials (MEP) of the training agonist (extensor carpi ulnaris muscle, ECU) and increases in peak acceleration of the trained movements that last more than 60min. Training consisted of auditory-paced ballistic wrist extension movements (30min, 0.5Hz) paired with 0.1, 0.25 or 0.5Hz subthreshold rTMS. The rTMS pulse was applied at either the onset, 100ms prior to or 300ms after the onset of training movement related increases in electromyographic (EMG) activity of ECU. This was compared to a Sham condition. RESULTS Only 0.1Hz rTMS applied at the onset of the training related increase in ECU-EMG activity resulted in increases in MEP amplitudes and peak acceleration when compared to the Sham. CONCLUSIONS The formation of motor memory is enhanced above the naïve level by co-administration of low frequency rTMS at the time of execution of training movements. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate the importance of time and frequency of rTMS in these settings and should be considered in the design of rehabilitation treatment strategies using rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Buetefisch
- Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Radiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - C Howard
- Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C Korb
- Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M W Haut
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - L Shuster
- Department of Language Speech Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - P Pergami
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C Smith
- Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - G Hobbs
- Department of Statistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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13
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Shannon RM, Ravi V, Coles WA, Hobbs G, Keith MJ, Manchester RN, Wyithe JSB, Bailes M, Bhat NDR, Burke-Spolaor S, Khoo J, Levin Y, Oslowski S, Sarkissian JM, van Straten W, Verbiest JPW, Wang JB. Gravitational-Wave Limits from Pulsar Timing Constrain Supermassive Black Hole Evolution. Science 2013; 342:334-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1238012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Abstract
AIMS This study was conducted to investigate the application of 2,2'-dipyridyl as a new approach to isolating siderophore-producing actinobacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolation of actinobacteria from soil was conducted by a soil dilution plate technique using starch-casein agar. Iron starvation was fostered by the incorporation of the iron chelator 2,2'-dipyridyl in the isolation medium. Pretreatment of the samples at an elevated temperature (40°C) ensured that the majority of nonsporulating bacteria were excluded. The survivors of this treatment were largely actinobacteria. Of the viable cultures grown in the presence of 2,2'-dipyridyl, more than 78-88% (average of three separate studies) were reported to produce siderophore-like compounds compared to 13-18% (average of three separate studies) when grown on the basic media in the absence of the chelating agent. The most prolific producers as assessed by the chrome azurol sulphate (CAS) assay were further characterized and found to belong to the genus Streptomyces. CONCLUSIONS Selective pressure using 2,2'-dipyridyl as an iron-chelating agent in starch-casein media increased the isolation of siderophore-producing actinobacteria compared to the unamended medium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study described represents a new approach to the isolation of siderophore-producing actinobacteria using a novel procedure that places a selection on cell population based upon the incorporation of a chelating agent in the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nakouti
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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15
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Bamber AI, Fitzsimmons K, Cunniffe JG, Beasor CC, Mackintosh CA, Hobbs G. Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated disease: examination of multiple algorithms using toxin EIA, glutamate dehydrogenase EIA and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Br J Biomed Sci 2012; 69:112-118. [PMID: 23057158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) needs to be accurate and timely to ensure optimal patient management, infection control and reliable surveillance. Three methods are evaluated using 810 consecutive stool samples against toxigenic culture: CDT TOX A/B Premier enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit (Meridian Bioscience, Europe), Premier EIA for C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) (Meridian Bioscience, Europe) and the Illumigene kit (Meridian Bioscience, Europe), both individually and within combined testing algorithms. The study revealed that the CDT TOX A/B Premier EIA gave rise to false-positive and false-negative results and demonstrated poor sensitivity (56.47%), compared to Premier EIA for C. difficile GDH (97.65%), suggesting this GDH EIA can be a useful negative screening method. Results for the Illumigene assay alone showed sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.57%, 98.07%, 99.03% and 84.44%, respectively. A two-stage algorithm using Premier EIA for C. difficile GDH/Illumigene assay yielded superior results compared with other testing algorithms (91.57%, 98.07%, 99.03% and 84.44%, respectively), mirroring the Illumigene performance. However, Illumigene is approximately half the cost of current polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, has a rapid turnaround time and requires no specialised skill base, making it an attractive alternative to assays such as the Xpert C. difficile assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA). A three-stage algorithm offered no improvement and would hamper workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Bamber
- Medical Microbiology, Wirral University Teaching Hospitals, Clatterbridge Hospital, Bebington, Wirral, UK
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16
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Virani S, Lagos R, Hobbs G, Marano G, Nagaiah G, Abraham J. P4-12-14: Pilot Study Utilizing Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography Scan (PET-CT Scan) To Investigate Brain Metabolic Changes during Treatment in Women with Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-12-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Approximately 25% of the patients undergoing chemotherapy develop cognitive changes. Similarly, significant neurocognitive changes in verbal memory and executive functioning have been reported in patients undergoing endocrine therapy. Though extensively studied, specific changes in the brain associated with cognitive dysfunction are still not clear. We performed an IRB-approved retrospective pilot study utilizing brain images from standard PET-CT scans in patients being treated for breast cancer. Comparison was made between patients initial and follow-up scans to look for metabolic changes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty nine patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer were identified from radiology database of West Virginia University Hospitals, who underwent at least two PET-CT scans during their treatment for breast cancer from 2004–2009. Patients with brain metastasis were excluded. NeuroMIM® software analysis program was used to compare a comprehensive database of physiologic brain anatomy and metabolism with F-18 FDG perfusion brain images from the patients. Comparison was made in sixty-three defined brain regions. For each patient, two scans at approximately twelve month intervals were analyzed. The data sets from initial scans were compared with the follow up.
RESULTS: A total of 37 patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy, 2 patients received only endocrine therapy. Data analysis using the signed-rank test shows that the collective Z-score values change between the initial and follow up scans. When data analysis is applied to the individual brain regions, the Lingual Gyrus (p=0.012) and the Angular Gyrus (p=0.056)show statistically significant and near significant decreases in brain metabolism respectively. These regions are attributed with language, mathematics and cognition. Several additional regions such as the fusiform gyrus and the primary visual cortex show p-values between 0.05 and 0.10, which indicate “trending”. These regions may demonstrate statistically significant decrease in metabolism if the sample size is increased.
DISCUSSION: The Lingual and the Angular Gyrus show a statistically significant and near significant decrease in glucose metabolism respectively, in patients receiving treatment for breast cancer. Limitations of this study include lack of baseline brain imaging and its clinical correlation with cognitive function. Based upon these preliminary findings prospective studies are being planned.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-12-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Virani
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - R Lagos
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G Hobbs
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G Marano
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G Nagaiah
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - J Abraham
- 1West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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17
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Kanate A, Osman S, Cumpston A, Hobbs G, Leadmon S, Bunner P, Gibson L, Tse W, Abraham J, Remick S, Craig M, Hamadani M. In Vivo T-Cell Depletion (TCD) Does Not Improve Rates of Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) and Transplantation Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Peripheral Blood Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (AHCT). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.12.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Vona-Davis L, Turner JM, Gadiyaram V, Hobbs G, Ducatman B. Abstract PD09-03: Disease Outcomes in Primary Breast Cancer Are Associated with Obesity, Lymph Node Status and Angiolymphatic Invasion. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-pd09-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with higher rates of breast cancer and poorer survival. Our previous work has shown that lymph node metastases are more frequently associated with advanced disease in obese patients. We sought to investigate the association of obesity with angiolymphatic invasion on disease outcomes in patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective study involved 627 predominately white women with invasive breast cancer. Hospital tumor registry, charts, and pathology records provided demographics and tumor biologic features. Body mass index (BMI) values were categorized according to WHO criteria: normal or underweight (lean), < 25.0 kg/m2; overweight, 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2; obese, 30.0 kg/m2 or higher. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted between BMI and clinical outcomes, controlling for menopausal status. Recurrence-free survival and overall survival were calculated and a log-rank test was used to determine significance between groups.
Results: In our study cohort, 175 (27.9%) were normal weight, 211 (33.7%) overweight and 241 (38.4%) were considered obese. Greater lymph node involvement and angiolymphatic invasion (P = 0.04) were present with obesity. Triple-negative tumors were more common in those patients classified as overweight and obese (43%) compared to normal weight individuals (20%). Factors associated with BMI were tumor size and lymph node status. In postmenopausal women, obesity was associated with an increased risk of lymph node metastases (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.14-2.91; P = 0.010) and angiolymphatic invasion (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.01-4.72; P = 0.049) when compared with normal weight individuals. The probability of developing a relapse within 10 years was higher among women with BMI ≥30.0 with positive lymph nodes and the presence of angiolymphatic invasion.
Conclusions: In obese women with breast cancers, higher rates of lymph node involvement and angiolymphatic invasion may explain poorer outcomes. These findings further support the relationship between obesity and the factors that are elaborated by adipocytes as instrumental in promoting a more aggressive growth and progression of breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD09-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vona-Davis
- West Virginia University, Morgantown; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV
| | - JM Turner
- West Virginia University, Morgantown; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV
| | - V Gadiyaram
- West Virginia University, Morgantown; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV
| | - G Hobbs
- West Virginia University, Morgantown; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV
| | - B. Ducatman
- West Virginia University, Morgantown; Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV
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19
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Sigel MM, Hart MM, Hobbs G, Guthner B. DEMONSTRATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS, TYPE B, IN A RECENT OUTBREAK OF UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION. Science 2010; 102:646. [PMID: 17788251 DOI: 10.1126/science.102.2660.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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20
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Rai A, Hobbs G, Meadows J, Izar B, Carpenter J, Raghuram K. P-008 Collateral blood supply as predictor of good clinical outcome in patients undergoing endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke. J Neurointerv Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnis.2010.003236.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Altaha R, Almubarak M, Newton MD, Torres-Trejo A, Marano G, Hobbs G, Gibson L, Petros WP, Remick SC. A pilot study of fosbretabulin with bevacizumab in recurrent high-grade gliomas. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.tps147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Gadiyaram VK, Kurian S, Abraham J, Ducatman B, Hazard H, Hobbs G, Vona-Davis L. Recurrence and survival after pulmonary metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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23
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Gadiyaram V, Kurian S, Abraham J, Hobbs G, Vona-Davis L, Vona-Davis L. Predominance of Brain and Lung Metastases in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-6159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients with triple-negative breast cancer have an increased likelihood of recurrence compared to other types of breast cancer, however, little is known about their pattern of metastatic spread. Our object was to evaluate the metastatic patterns of women diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer compared to other subtypes. Methods: We studied a cohort of 572 white patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at West Virginia University Hospital between 1999 and 2004. Hospital registry, charts, and pathology records provided clinical data including tumor receptor status and biopsy-proven metastatic spread to bone, brain, liver and lung. Breast cancers that were negative for estrogen, progesterone, and HER2neu, otherwise known as triple-negative were compared with HER2neu-postive and HER2neu-negative (endocrine receptor positive) disease. Body mass index was calculated and a value of ≥30 considered indicative of obesity. Specimens of primary carcinoma were available for analysis of Ki67 mitotic index and expression of p53. Results: 134/572 (23.4%) had triple-negative breast cancer, while the frequencies were 108/572 (18.9%) and 330/572 (57.7%) in HER2neu-positive and HER2neu-negative (endocrine receptor positive) groups. Women with triple-negative disease were more likely to have brain-metastasizing breast cancer; 10.5% versus 4.6% for HER2neu-positive and 3.3% for HER2neu-negative (P<0.05). They were also more likely to have metastasis to the lung; 10.5% versus 2.8% for HER2neu-positive and 7.0% for HER2neu-negative (P<0.05). Triple-negative breast cancer patients who developed brain and lung metastases were younger <50 years and significantly more obese (P=0.0236). High Ki67 labeling index and p53 expression were associated with more advanced disease indicating an aggressive phenotype for this group.Patterns of metastasis in breast cancer subtypesSite of metastasisTriple-negativeHER2-positiveHER2-negativeP valueBone20/134 (14.9)7/108 (6.5)38/330 (11.5)0.1037Brain14/134 (10.5)5/108 (4.6)11/330 (3.3)0.0136*Liver11/134 (8.2)4/108 (3.7)22/330 (6.7)0.3261Lung14/134 (10.5)3/108 (2.8)23/330 (6.9)0.0507*Other5/134 (3.7)3/108 (2.8)3/330 (0.91)0.1093 Conclusion: The excess risk of brain and lung metastasis in women with triple-negative breast cancers versus other subtypes needs further validation. The unique biology of triple-negative tumors may explain this pattern of metastatic spread.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6159.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Kurian
- 2Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, WV,
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Abdo A, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood W, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring M, Bastieri D, Baughman B, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bignami G, Blandford R, Bloom E, Bonamente E, Borgland A, Bregeon J, Brez A, Brigida M, Bruel P, Burnett T, Caliandro G, Cameron R, Camilo F, Caraveo P, Carlson P, Casandjian J, Cecchi C, Çelik Ö, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Cheung C, Chiang J, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cognard I, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky L, Conrad J, Corbet R, Cutini S, Dermer C, Desvignes G, de Angelis A, de Luca A, de Palma F, Digel S, Dormody M, do Couto e Silva E, Drell P, Dubois R, Dumora D, Edmonds Y, Farnier C, Favuzzi C, Fegan S, Focke W, Frailis M, Freire P, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giebels B, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier I, Grondin MH, Grove J, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hanabata Y, Harding A, Hayashida M, Hays E, Hobbs G, Hughes R, Jóhannesson G, Johnson A, Johnson R, Johnson T, Johnson W, Johnston S, Kamae T, Katagiri H, Kataoka J, Kawai N, Kerr M, Knödlseder J, Kocian M, Kramer M, Kuss M, Lande J, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette M, Lubrano P, Madejski G, Makeev A, Manchester R, Marelli M, Mazziotta M, McConville W, McEnery J, McLaughlin M, Meurer C, Michelson P, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev A, Monte C, Monzani M, Morselli A, Moskalenko I, Murgia S, Nolan P, Norris J, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes J, Paneque D, Panetta J, Parent D, Pelassa V, Pepe M, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Porter T, Rainò S, Rando R, Ransom S, Ray P, Razzano M, Rea N, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester L, Rodriguez A, Romani R, Roth M, Ryde F, Sadrozinski HW, Sanchez D, Sander A, Saz Parkinson P, Scargle J, Schalk T, Sgrò C, Siskind E, Smith D, Smith P, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stappers B, Starck JL, Striani E, Strickman M, Suson D, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer J, Thayer J, Theureau G, Thompson D, Thorsett S, Tibaldo L, Torres D, Tosti G, Tramacere A, Uchiyama Y, Usher T, Van Etten A, Vasileiou V, Venter C, Vilchez N, Vitale V, Waite A, Wallace E, Wang P, Watters K, Webb N, Weltevrede P, Winer B, Wood K, Ylinen T, Ziegler M. A Population of Gamma-Ray Millisecond Pulsars Seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Science 2009; 325:848-52. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1176113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Abdo
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - M. Ackermann
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Ajello
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - W. B. Atwood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - M. Axelsson
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L. Baldini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J. Ballet
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Barbiellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M. G. Baring
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA
| | - D. Bastieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - B. M. Baughman
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - K. Bechtol
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R. Bellazzini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - B. Berenji
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - G. F. Bignami
- Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R. D. Blandford
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. D. Bloom
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. Bonamente
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A. W. Borgland
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. Bregeon
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Brez
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Brigida
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - P. Bruel
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - T. H. Burnett
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - G. A. Caliandro
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - R. A. Cameron
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - F. Camilo
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - P. A. Caraveo
- INAF–Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - P. Carlson
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J. M. Casandjian
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. Cecchi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ö. Çelik
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - E. Charles
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. Chekhtman
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
- George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - C. C. Cheung
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - J. Chiang
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - S. Ciprini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Claus
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - I. Cognard
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement, UMR 6115 CNRS, F45071 Orléans Cedex 02, and Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, F18330 Nançay, France
| | - J. Cohen-Tanugi
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - L. R. Cominsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - J. Conrad
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Corbet
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - S. Cutini
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - C. D. Dermer
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - G. Desvignes
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement, UMR 6115 CNRS, F45071 Orléans Cedex 02, and Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, F18330 Nançay, France
| | - A. de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - A. de Luca
- Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - F. de Palma
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S. W. Digel
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Dormody
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - E. do Couto e Silva
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - P. S. Drell
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R. Dubois
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - D. Dumora
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Y. Edmonds
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - C. Farnier
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - C. Favuzzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S. J. Fegan
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - W. B. Focke
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Frailis
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - Y. Fukazawa
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - S. Funk
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - P. Fusco
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - F. Gargano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - D. Gasparrini
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - N. Gehrels
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - S. Germani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - B. Giebels
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - N. Giglietto
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - F. Giordano
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - T. Glanzman
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - G. Godfrey
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - I. A. Grenier
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M. H. Grondin
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - J. E. Grove
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - L. Guillemot
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - S. Guiriec
- University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Y. Hanabata
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - A. K. Harding
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - M. Hayashida
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. Hays
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - G. Hobbs
- Australia Telescope National Facility, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
| | - R. E. Hughes
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G. Jóhannesson
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. S. Johnson
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R. P. Johnson
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - T. J. Johnson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - W. N. Johnson
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - S. Johnston
- Australia Telescope National Facility, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
| | - T. Kamae
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - H. Katagiri
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J. Kataoka
- Waseda University, 1104 Totsukamachi, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan
| | - N. Kawai
- Cosmic Radiation Laboratory, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - M. Kerr
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J. Knödlseder
- Centre d’Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-30128 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - M. L. Kocian
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Kramer
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - M. Kuss
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J. Lande
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - L. Latronico
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Lemoine-Goumard
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - F. Longo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - F. Loparco
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - B. Lott
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - M. N. Lovellette
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - P. Lubrano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G. M. Madejski
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. Makeev
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
- George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - R. N. Manchester
- Australia Telescope National Facility, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
| | - M. Marelli
- INAF–Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M. N. Mazziotta
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - W. McConville
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J. E. McEnery
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - M. A. McLaughlin
- Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - C. Meurer
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. F. Michelson
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - W. Mitthumsiri
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - T. Mizuno
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - A. A. Moiseev
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - C. Monte
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. E. Monzani
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. Morselli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - I. V. Moskalenko
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - S. Murgia
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - P. L. Nolan
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. P. Norris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - E. Nuss
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - T. Ohsugi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - N. Omodei
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E. Orlando
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. F. Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - D. Paneque
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. H. Panetta
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - D. Parent
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - V. Pelassa
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Pepe
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - M. Pesce-Rollins
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - F. Piron
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - T. A. Porter
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - S. Rainò
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - R. Rando
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S. M. Ransom
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - P. S. Ray
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - M. Razzano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - N. Rea
- Sterrenkundig Institut “Anton Pannekoek,” 1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEECCSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Reimer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - O. Reimer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T. Reposeur
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - S. Ritz
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - L. S. Rochester
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. Y. Rodriguez
- Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEECCSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R. W. Romani
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Roth
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - F. Ryde
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H. F. W. Sadrozinski
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - D. Sanchez
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - A. Sander
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - P. M. Saz Parkinson
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - J. D. Scargle
- Space Sciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - T. L. Schalk
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - C. Sgrò
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E. J. Siskind
- NYCB RealTime Computing Inc., Lattingtown, NY 11560, USA
| | - D. A. Smith
- CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre d’Études Nucléaires Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - P. D. Smith
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G. Spandre
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P. Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - B. W. Stappers
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - J. L. Starck
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E. Striani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M. S. Strickman
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - D. J. Suson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, USA
| | - H. Tajima
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - H. Takahashi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T. Tanaka
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. B. Thayer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. G. Thayer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - G. Theureau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement, UMR 6115 CNRS, F45071 Orléans Cedex 02, and Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, F18330 Nançay, France
| | - D. J. Thompson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - S. E. Thorsett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - L. Tibaldo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D. F. Torres
- Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEECCSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Tosti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Tramacere
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale, I-10133 Torino, Italy
| | - Y. Uchiyama
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - T. L. Usher
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. Van Etten
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - V. Vasileiou
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - C. Venter
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Unit for Space Physics, NorthWest University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - N. Vilchez
- Centre d’Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-30128 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - V. Vitale
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata,” I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - A. P. Waite
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - P. Wang
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - K. Watters
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics, and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - N. Webb
- Centre d’Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, CNRS/UPS, BP 44346, F-30128 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - P. Weltevrede
- Australia Telescope National Facility, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
| | - B. L. Winer
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - K. S. Wood
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - T. Ylinen
- Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - M. Ziegler
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Gadiyaram VK, Khan MA, Hogan T, Altaha R, Crowell E, Hobbs G, Perrota P. Significance of MTHFR gene mutation with normal homocysteine level in vascular events. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e20520 Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia, due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, is considered to be a risk factor for vascular disease. Two common variations of the MTHFR gene (C677T and A1298C) result in amino acid substitutions and enhanced thermolability of the enzyme. Individuals with MTHFR gene mutations appear to have raised plasma level of homocysteine which may lead to increased risk of vascular events. However, significance of MTHFR gene mutations with normal homocysteine levels is unknown. Objective: To assess the relation of MTHFR gene mutations with normal homocysteine level and risk of Vascular events (deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), Ischemic Heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA),recurrent fetal loss). Methods: We reviewed the records of 90 patients referred to our benign hematology clinic for thrombophilia evaluation between 2006 and 2008. All available medical history for risk factors and laboratory test results, obtained from first vascular event through time of consultation, including genetic testing, were reviewed. Anti-cardiolipin antibody, MTHFR genotyping and Protein C and Protein S assays were performed at Warde Medical Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI. Results: 61 patients with documented vascular events were tested for MTHFR gene mutations. Forty one of these patients also had homocysteine levels available. Thirty-eight of these 41 (92 %) patients had an MTHFR gene mutation with normal homocysteine levels. Eighteen (47%) of these 38 patients had only an MTHFR gene mutation with normal homocysteine level and no other congenital or acquired risk factors for vascular events identified. Conclusions: In our clinic population, many patients with documented vascular events had MTHFR gene polymorphisms with normal homocysteine levels with no other thrombophilia risk factors identified, raising the question of whether MTHFR gene polymorphisms alone, without hyperhomocysteinemia, may somehow contribute to thrombophilia. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. K. Gadiyaram
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - M. A. Khan
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - T. Hogan
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - R. Altaha
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - E. Crowell
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - G. Hobbs
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
| | - P. Perrota
- West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, WV; WVU, morgantown, WV
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Almubarak M, Gadiyaram V, Osman S, Hobbs G, Saad A, Marano G, Abraham J. Impact of FDG-PET scan on follow-up care in nonmetastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e11611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e11611 Background: Fluorine-18-FDG positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) role in the follow up care of non-metastatic breast cancer is not defined. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 177 patients with stage I-III breast cancer between November 2004 and June 2006. IRB approval was obtained for this study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of patients who had one or more FDG-PET scans as part of their clinical follow up (N=68), and Group B consisted of patients who did not (N=109). Clinical, radiological and pathology data were obtained from patients’ records. Results: Median follow-up is 35 months. Mean age 53 years for group A and 57 years for group B. Group A patients were more likely to have had higher stages (29% stage I, 53% stage II, and 18% stage III) compared with group B (64 % stage I, 31% stage II and 4% stage III). The two groups did not differ significantly in ER+ status (69% vs. 78% p=0.21), or Her2neu status (19% vs. 17%; p=0.6). Group A patients had more clinic visits (18 vs. 11; p=0.009), their tumor marker was checked more often (13 vs. 9 times; p=0.0001), had more radiological studies (10 studies vs. 5; p=0.0001), and had more biopsies (0.88 vs. 0.48 biopsy per patient; p=0.05). These differences were significant even after controlling for stage and chemotherapy. 9/68 patients in group A had tumor recurrence compared to 1/109 in group B (p=0.0003). PET scan indications were as follows: 29 (43%) for asymptomatic follow up evaluation [2 recurred]; 18 (26%) concerning symptoms [0 recurred]; 10 (15%) elevated tumor marker [2 recurred]; 7 (10%) other abnormal imaging studies [1 recurred]; 4 (6%) metastatic workup. Conclusions: While FDG-PET might aid in detecting recurrence in some patients with non-metastatic breast cancer, its use was associated with more clinic visits, blood tests, biopsies, and radiological tests. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Almubarak
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - V. Gadiyaram
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - S. Osman
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - G. Hobbs
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - A. Saad
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - G. Marano
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - J. Abraham
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Vona-Davis L, Rose DP, Hazard H, Partin J, Adkins F, Hobbs G. Triple-negative breast cancer and obesity in a rural Appalachian population. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-6099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #6099
Background: Our objective was to determine the clinico-pathological features of triple-negative (estrogen, progesterone and HER-2 receptor negative) breast cancer and their relationship to obesity in women drawn from a population with one of the highest obesity rates in the United States.
 Methods: This retrospective study involved 620 white patients with invasive breast cancer in West Virginia. Hospital tumor registry, charts, and pathology records provided age at diagnosis, tumor histologic type, size, and nodal status, and receptor status. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and a value of ≥30 considered indicative of obesity.
 Results: Triple-negative tumors occurred in 117 (18.9%) of the 620 patients, most often in association with invasive ductal carcinomas. Patients with triple-negative tumors were younger than those with other receptor types, 44.5% and 26.7%, respectively, being diagnosed before age 50 years (P = 0.0004). The triple-negative tumors were larger (P = 0.0003), most notably in the younger women, but small tumors (<2.0 cm) were more often accompanied by lymph node metastases. Obesity was present in 49.6% of those with triple-negative tumors, but only 35.8% of those with non-triple-negative tumors (P = 0.0098). Lymph node metastases were more frequently associated with T2 tumors in obese patients (P = 0.032) regardless of their receptor status.
 Conclusions: Triple-negative breast cancers within a white, socioeconomically-deprived, population occurred in younger women, with later stage at diagnosis, and in association with obesity. The elevated adipokine production which is present in obesity may exert tumor proliferative and angiogenic effects that contribute to an aggressive phenotype.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6099.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vona-Davis
- 1 Surgery and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - DP Rose
- 1 Surgery and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - H Hazard
- 1 Surgery and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - J Partin
- 1 Surgery and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - F Adkins
- 1 Surgery and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G Hobbs
- 2 Statistics and Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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McMahon V, Garg A, Aldred D, Hobbs G, Smith R, Tothill IE. Evaluation of the potential of applying composting/bioremediation techniques to wastes generated within the construction industry. Waste Manag 2009; 29:186-196. [PMID: 18439815 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the viability of reducing landfill requirements to satisfy EC Landfill Directive requirements by applying composting/bioremediation techniques to the construction and demolition (C&D) industry waste stream at laboratory scale. The experimental study was carried out in nine test rigs to examine different wood mixtures; untreated timber, creosote treated timber and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated timber. Several experimental variables affecting the process were characterised and optimised. These include the best nitrogen additive and optimum moisture content required for composting. Poultry manure was found to be the best nitrogen additive. The optimum moisture content was decreased after the addition of poultry manure. The composting/bioremediation process was evaluated through monitoring the microbial activity, carbon dioxide emissions and toxicity examination of the composted product. A typical temperature profile suggested that untreated and CCA treated mix could be classified as hot composting whereas creosote treated mix could be classified as cold composting. The paper reports on the results obtained during this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V McMahon
- Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedfordshire, MK45 4DT England, United Kingdom
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Adumala R, Sharma M, Khan M, Gadiyaram V, Gayam S, Hobbs G, Kurian S, Hogan T, Higa GM, Auber ML. Phase II study of combined modality treatment for patients with potentially curable esophageal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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31
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Swayampakula AK, Schwartzman A, Saad A, Dillis C, Schreiman J, Hobbs G, Abraham J. Breast cancer tumor size in MRI versus surgical pathological specimen: A correlative study. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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32
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McMahon V, Garg A, Aldred D, Hobbs G, Smith R, Tothill IE. Composting and bioremediation process evaluation of wood waste materials generated from the construction and demolition industry. Chemosphere 2008; 71:1617-1628. [PMID: 18325565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of using bioremediation and composting techniques for diverting construction and demolition (C&D) waste from landfill has been validated in this study. Different timber products from C&D waste have been composted using various composting approaches. The present work demonstrates the quality of compost produced as a result of composting of mixed board product wood waste, which is frequently obtained from the construction and demolition industry. Three compost mixes were prepared by mixing shredded chip board, medium density fibre, hardboard and melamine. Poultry manure, Eco-Bio mixture and green waste were used as nutrient supplements. The results revealed that compost produced from mixtures of poultry manure and green waste used as nutrient supplements improved the performance in plant growth trials (phytotoxicity tests). Results obtained from the experimental study clearly indicate that the composts produced comply with the criterion suggested in BSI PAS 100 (A specification for compost materials) for use in different applications. Composting can also be demonstrated to be a very practical approach to material management including transport reduction to and from the site. The economic suitability of the process will be improved with the increase in landfill tax. In the current regulatory scenario, it is recommended that these materials should be composted at a centralised facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- V McMahon
- Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedfordshire, MK45 4DT, England, UK
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McCarthy MJH, Grevitt MP, Silcocks P, Hobbs G. The reliability of the Vernon and Mior neck disability index, and its validity compared with the short form-36 health survey questionnaire. Eur Spine J 2007; 16:2111-7. [PMID: 17922152 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-007-0503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Revised: 08/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prospective single cohort study. To evaluate the NDI by comparison with the SF36 health Survey Questionnaire. The NDI is a simple ten-item questionnaire used to assess patients with neck pain. The SF36 measures functional ability, well being and the overall health of patients. It is used as a gold standard in health economics to assess the health utility, gain and economic impact of medical interventions. One hundred and sixty patients with neck pain attending the spinal clinic completed self-assessment questionnaires. A second questionnaire was completed in 34 patients after a period of 1-2 weeks. The internal consistency of the NDI and SF36 was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The test-retest reliability was assessed using the Bland and Altman method. The concurrent validity of the NDI with respect to the SF-36 was assessed using Pearson correlations. Both questionnaires showed robust internal consistency: Cronbach's alpha for the NDI scale was acceptable (0.864, 95% confidence limits 0.825-0.894) though slightly smaller than that of the SF36. The correlations between each item of the NDI scores and the total NDI score ranged from 0.447 to 0.659, (all with P < 0.001). The test-retest reliability of the NDI was high (intra-class correlation 0.93, 95% confidence limits 0.86-0.97) and comparable with the best values found for SF36. The correlations between NDI and SF36 domains ranged from -0.45 to -0.74 (all with P < 0.001). We have shown that the NDI has good reliability and validity and that it compares well with the SF36 in the spinal surgery out patient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J H McCarthy
- Department of Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, UK.
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35
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Saad AA, Rikhye S, Kanate A, Sehbai A, Marano G, Hobbs G, Abraham J. Correlation among [18-F] FDG-PET/CT, tumor marker CA 27.29, and circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.10533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
10533 Background: Both tumor marker CA 27.29 and combined [18-F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan (PET/CT) are used to follow up response to treatment and disease progression in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Recently, circulating tumor cell testing (CTC) has been used in this context. It is not known if one of the three tests can be a surrogate for the other 2 tests. Methods: We analyzed the database of 35 patients with MBC. There were 173 time points (at least 6 weeks apart), when at least 2 of these tests were done. CA 27.29 test (chemiluminescent immunoassay by Bayer Advia Centaur) was either high or normal (< 38.6 U/ml). Circulating tumor cells cell test (Cell Search by Quest Diagnostics, Nichols Institute, Chantilly, VA) was either high or normal (0 cells detected). Results: PET/CT scan results were compared to CA 27.29 at 163 time points. There was statistically significant correlation between both groups (P value: 0.02), however, sensitivity of CA 27.29 to detect metastatic disease seen in PET/CT scan was 59%. The positive predictive value (PPV) of CA 27.29 was 90%, while the negative predictive value (NPV) was only 24%. PET/CT scan results were compared to CTC at 100 events, where there was statistically significant correlation between both groups (P value: 0.0002), however, sensitivity of CTC to detect metastatic disease shown in PET/CT scan was 55%. The positive predictive value of CTC was 98% while the negative predictive value was only 33%. CTC test was more specific (94% Vs 67%) than CA 27.29 to rule out metastatic disease that is seen in PET/CT scan. CA 27.29 results were also compared to CTC at 93 events, where there was statistically significant correlation between both groups (P value: 0.0002). However, only 64 % of those with high CA 27.29 had abnormal CTC. Conclusion: Our data shows correlation among PET/CT scan, CA 27.29, and CTC. However, both CA 27.29 and CTC had poor sensitivity and negative predictive value to detect metastatic disease seen in PET/CT scan. Normal CA 27.29 test or CTC has to be interpreted cautiously in patients with MBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Saad
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - S. Rikhye
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - A. Kanate
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - A. Sehbai
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G. Marano
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - G. Hobbs
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - J. Abraham
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hoskisson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Science, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - G Hobbs
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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Saad A, Visweshwar N, Sehbai A, Cumpston A, Watkins K, Buckhalter R, Hobbs G, Abraham J, Ericson S. Correlation of CD3 and CD34 cell dose with incidence of acute GVHD in myeloablative stem cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6553 Background: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is used to treat different types of hematologic malignancies. The target stem cell dose typically is based on the recipient’s ideal body weight (IBW) with CD34 dose of 2.0–5.0 ×106/Kg. The dose of CD3 in the infusate is typically not taken into account in a stem cell product, except in T-depleted transplantation. The dose of T-cells in peripheral blood stem cell collections has been found to be at least 10-fold more than that in a bone marrow harvest product. Combined CD4+ and CD25+ cells infused have been directly correlated with increased incidence of GVHD. Methods: This is a retrospective study reporting the correlation of the CD34 and CD3 doses of stem cell transplant with incidence of acute GVHD in 67 consecutive patients who were treated between 2003 and 2005. All patients were followed up for at least 100 days following the stem cell transplant. Results: Among the 67 patients, 35 patients developed acute GVHD, while 32 patients had no evidence of acute GVHD. The CD3 and CD34 doses did not correlate. The correlation coefficient was 0.14 (P value: 0.27). Using t-test, there was NO statistical difference between the mean CD34 dose when comparing the group of patients who developed acute GVHD with the group that did not develop acute GVHD (P value: 0.31). Those who developed acute GVHD (n = 35) received a mean CD3 dose of 41.9 × 107/kg IBW (95% CI: 35.9–47.9). Those who did NOT develop acute GVHD (n= 32) received a mean CD3 dose of 33.5 × 107/kg IBW (95% CI: 27.3–39.8). By using the t-test, the P value for the different means was 0.0575. However, using a CD3 dose cutoff value of 30 × 107/kg IBW, the incidence of acute GVHD was statistically significantly less among those who received CD3 dose < 30 × 107/kg IBW. The Chi Square P value was 0.04. Conclusions: In our series, CD3 dose less than 30 × 107/kg IBW was associated with reduced risk of acute GVHD (P value: 0.04). There was no correlation between CD3 and CD34 counts in peripheral stem cell product. In addition, the CD34 dose did not influence the incidence of acute GVHD. These data suggest that, in addition to considering CD34 dose required for engraftment in allogeneic transplant, the CD3 dose will need to be considered to try to minimize the risk of acute GVHD. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Saad
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - A. Sehbai
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - K. Watkins
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - G. Hobbs
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - J. Abraham
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - S. Ericson
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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McLaughlin MA, Lyne AG, Lorimer DR, Kramer M, Faulkner AJ, Manchester RN, Cordes JM, Camilo F, Possenti A, Stairs IH, Hobbs G, D'Amico N, Burgay M, O'Brien JT. Transient radio bursts from rotating neutron stars. Nature 2006; 439:817-20. [PMID: 16482150 DOI: 10.1038/nature04440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2005] [Accepted: 11/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The radio sky is relatively unexplored for transient signals, although the potential of radio-transient searches is high. This was demonstrated recently by the discovery of a previously unknown type of source, varying on timescales of minutes to hours. Here we report a search for radio sources that vary on much shorter timescales. We found eleven objects characterized by single, dispersed bursts having durations between 2 and 30 ms. The average time intervals between bursts range from 4 min to 3 h with radio emission typically detectable for <1 s per day. From an analysis of the burst arrival times, we have identified periodicities in the range 0.4-7 s for ten of the eleven sources, suggesting origins in rotating neutron stars. Despite the small number of sources detected at present, their ephemeral nature implies a total Galactic population significantly exceeding that of the regularly pulsing radio pulsars. Five of the ten sources have periods >4 s, and the rate of change of the pulse period has been measured for three of them; for one source, we have inferred a high magnetic field strength of 5 x 10(13) G. This suggests that the new population is related to other classes of isolated neutron stars observed at X-ray and gamma-ray wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McLaughlin
- Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL, UK.
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Abstract
AIMS This study set out to investigate the effect of amino acids on the uptake of glucose by Micromonospora eichinospora (ATCC 15837). METHODS AND RESULTS The specific rate of glucose uptake was found to be reduced when organic nitrogen components were present in the medium. Radioactive uptake studies revealed that the Km for glucose in this organism was 53 mm, indicating a low affinity for uptake compared with other actinomycete sugar transport systems. Individual amino acids negatively influenced the rate of glucose transport, suggesting a relationship between amino acid metabolism and glucose uptake in this organism. The sugar transport system was found to be an active process being inhibited by ionophores and KCN. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest a direct link between amino acid metabolism and glucose uptake at the level of sugar transport. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study shows that the uptake of glucose, a major carbon source for many antibiotic fermentations, is significantly reduced in the presence of amino acids. This fact should inform the medium design and feeding regimes of fermentations involving similar actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hoskisson
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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40
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Abstract
Provision of home- and community-based long-term care is a growing concern at the national, state, and local levels. As more persons grow old, the need for these services is expected to rise. This analysis examines the distribution and utilization of three home- and community-based long-term care programs in North Carolina for each of the state's 100 counties. Maps were generated to examine how counties differed in respect to service utilization among the elderly. Great variability was found in number of elderly utilizing the services across the state as well as the percent of Medicaid- and/or age-eligible persons who utilized the programs. Multivariate modeling for associations to service utilization was only possible for one of the long-term care programs. Results indicated that living alone, being non-white, and having a mobility and self-care limitation were all positively related to utilization. Percent of persons 85 years or older and the ratio of institutionalized long-term care beds were negatively associated with utilization. It was concluded that states must engage in concerted efforts to ensure equity in access to home- and community-based long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Goins
- West Virginia University School of Medicine's Center on Aging and Department of Community Medicine, P.O. Box 9127, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine if a university based (third party) intervention can improve construction contractor organizational performance to increase use of fall prevention practices and technologies. SETTING Falls are the leading cause of worker injury and death in the construction industry. Equipment and practices that can prevent falls are often not used appropriately in the dynamic construction work environment. METHODS A contractual partnership between a university and construction contractors created management systems to ensure use of fall protection measures. Audits by university faculty provided accountability for implementing the fall prevention system. Evaluation was conducted by quasiexperimental methodology comparing changes in audit score from baseline to fifth quarter from baseline for intervention and control contractors. RESULTS Audit scores improvement was greater for intervention than for control contractor group. CONCLUSION A third party intervention can improve contractor fall prevention performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Becker
- West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6615, USA.
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Kofke WA, Shaheen N, McWhorter J, Sinz EH, Hobbs G. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with induction of anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade in surgical patients. J Clin Anesth 2001; 13:335-8. [PMID: 11498313 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(01)00280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cerebral vascular effects of cis-atracurium and rocuronium given after thiopental induction of anesthesia. DESIGN Randomized, single-blinded study. SETTING University-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS 39 adult ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing nonintracranial procedures. INTERVENTIONS Patients received intravenously (IV), either saline placebo, cis-atracurium, or rocuronium after induction of general anesthesia with thiopental sodium. MEASUREMENTS The right middle cerebral artery was insonated using a pulsed-wave range-gated transcranial Doppler, and data were recorded at preinduction, immediately postinduction, at injection of the study drug, and at 15-second intervals for 3 minutes thereafter. The variables recorded for each subject included the systolic, diastolic, and mean flow velocity, as well as pulsality index, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration. MAIN RESULTS No significant differences between the groups were present in the postanesthetic induction maximal or minimal mean flow velocity. CONCLUSIONS cis-Atracurium and rocuronium, administered after thiopental, do not produce clinically relevant changes in cerebral blood flow velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Kofke
- Department of Anesthesiology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, USA.
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43
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Hoskisson PA, Hobbs G, Sharples GP. Antibiotic production, accumulation of intracellular carbon reserves, and sporulation in Micromonospora echinospora (ATCC 15837). Can J Microbiol 2001; 47:148-52. [PMID: 11261494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The physiology of the actinomycete Micromonospora echinospora was examined during growth. Biphasic accumulation of glycogen occurred, initially during the early exponential growth phase, and again following the onset of sporulation at 120 h. Lipid levels increased during growth eventually representing 25% of the cell mass. A significant proportion of the lipid was found to be in the form of triacylglycerols, which were found to accumulate markedly during the sporulation phase. The disaccharide trehalose was also found to accumulate during growth with levels rising to 5% of the dry weight during the mycelial production phase, then remaining constant during sporulation. Antibiotic was produced transiently by the cultures over the period preceding sporulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hoskisson
- Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
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44
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Smith C, Stamm SC, Riggs JE, Stauber W, Harsh V, Gannett PM, Hobbs G, Miller MR. Ethanol-mediated CYP1A1/2 induction in rat skeletal muscle tissue. Exp Mol Pathol 2000; 69:223-32. [PMID: 11115363 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2000.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The causes of non-trauma-mediated rhabdomyolysis are not well understood. It has been speculated that ethanol-associated rhabdomyolysis may be attributed to ethanol induction of skeletal muscle cytochrome P450(s), causing drugs such as acetaminophen or cocaine to be metabolized to myotoxic compounds. To examine this possibility, the hypothesis that feeding ethanol induces cytochrome P450 in skeletal muscle was tested. To this end, rats were fed an ethanol-containing diet and skeletal muscle tissue was assessed for induction of CYP2E1 and CYP1A1/2 by immunohistochemical procedures; liver was examined as a positive control tissue. Enzymatic assays and Western blot analyses were also performed on these tissues. In one feeding system, ethanol-containing diets induced CYP1A1/2 in soleus, plantaris, and diaphragm muscles, with immunohistochemical staining predominantly localized to capillaries surrounding myofibers. Antibodies to CYP2E1 did not react with skeletal muscle tissue from animals receiving a control or ethanol-containing diet. However, neither skeletal muscle CYP1A1/2 nor CYP2E1 was induced when ethanol diets were administered by a different feeding system. Ethanol consumption can induce some cytochrome P450 isoforms in skeletal muscle tissue; however, the mechanism of CYP induction is apparently complex and appears to involve factors in addition to ethanol, per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Smith
- Department of Anatomy, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506, USA
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45
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Hoskisson PA, Hobbs G, Sharples GP. Response of Micromonospora echinospora (NCIMB 12744) spores to heat treatment with evidence of a heat activation phenomenon. Lett Appl Microbiol 2000; 30:114-7. [PMID: 10736011 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of heat treatment on spores of the actinomycete Micromonospora echinospora were investigated. The percentage of culturable spores in untreated spore stocks was found to be approximately 20%. A 60 degrees C treatment of spores in phosphate buffer for 10 min led to an approximately five-fold increase in the number of culturable units. This indicated that a large proportion of the spores were constitutively dormant. Within 10 min and in the absence of an external energy-yielding substrate, the heat treatment was found to stimulate spore respiration suggesting that endogenous storage compounds were being utilized. Heating spores at 70 degrees C shortened the time period required for activation; holding times greater than 10 min, however, resulted in a reduction of culturable cells. Classic thermal death characteristics were seen at temperatures of 80 degrees C and above with D-values of 21.43, 2.67, 0.45 and 0.09 min being recorded at 70, 80, 90 and 100 degrees C, respectively. Spores of this organism, while being weakly heat resistant in comparison with bacterial endospores, are significantly more resistant than vegetative cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hoskisson
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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46
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Newman J, Aulick N, Cheng T, Faynor S, Curtis R, Mercer D, Williams J, Hobbs G. Prehospital identification of acute coronary ischemia using a troponin T rapid assay. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 1999; 3:97-101. [PMID: 10225639 DOI: 10.1080/10903129908958914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of a rapid assay for cardiac troponin T (cTn-T) in patients with chest pain in the prehospital setting. METHODS A prospective, observational clinical trial in a rural county served by a single emergency medical services system and two emergency departments. Patients fulfilling prehospital criteria to identify acute coronary ischemia (ACI) had a blood sample applied to the cTn-T rapid-assay device. Quantitative analysis of cTn-T was also performed on each sample at a later time. Medical records were reviewed to determine ultimate diagnoses. Non-admitted patients were followed by telephone at one week. Main outcome measures included the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the rapid cTn-T assay for detecting ACI defined as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or unstable angina (UA) within one week of presentation. RESULTS Of 87 patients enrolled, 29 were identified with ACI. This included 15 patients diagnosed as having AMI and 14 patients diagnosed as having UA. The cTn-T rapid-assay device was positive for five of 87 patients (5.7%); three were associated with AMI and two with UA. Measurement of a single cTn-T to detect ACI had a sensitivity of 17.2% (0.058, 0.358), specificity of 100% (0.950, 1), positive predictive value of 100% (0.549, 1), and negative predictive value of 70.7% (0.609, 0.806). CONCLUSION The cTn-T rapid-assay device may be useful in the prehospital setting to identify a small number of patients with ACI. The authors caution, however, that a negative test in the prehospital setting cannot be used to rule out significant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Newman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
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47
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Maiti H, Cheyne MF, Hobbs G, Jeraj HA. Cryotherapy Gas — to Use Nitrous Oxide or Carbon Dioxide? Int J STD AIDS 1999. [DOI: 10.1177/095646249901000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cryotherapy is regularly used in our clinic for treating genital warts. Nitrous oxide was used as the cryogenic gas. Following a health and safety review it was decided to monitor the nitrous oxide levels in the treatment room under different conditions. The Occupational Exposure Standard for nitrous oxide is 100 parts per million (PPM) (8-h time weighted average) and an indicative short-term exposure limit of 300 PPM (15-min reference period). High levels of gas were detected, especially when the exhaust was not vented to the outside. Venting of the gas to the outside could also present a hazard to adjacent areas. The situation was considered to be unacceptable and carbon dioxide was proposed as an alternative. The Occupational Exposure Standard for carbon dioxide is 5000 PPM (8-h time weighted average) and a short-term limit of 15,000 PPM (15-min reference period). Carbon dioxide levels were found to be within the Occupational Exposure Standard. There is no noticeable difference in the cryogenic efficacy of the 2 gases. Carbon dioxide is, therefore, a safer alternative. It also offers significant savings when compared with nitrous oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maiti
- Department of Sexual Health and Quality Control Department, North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK
| | - M F Cheyne
- Department of Sexual Health and Quality Control Department, North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK
| | - G Hobbs
- Department of Sexual Health and Quality Control Department, North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK
| | - H A Jeraj
- Department of Sexual Health and Quality Control Department, North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK
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48
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Abstract
Cryotherapy is regularly used in our clinic for treating genital warts. Nitrous oxide was used as the cryogenic gas. Following a health and safety review it was decided to monitor the nitrous oxide levels in the treatment room under different conditions. The Occupational Exposure Standard for nitrous oxide is 100 parts per million (PPM) (8-h time weighted average) and an indicative short-term exposure limit of 300 PPM (15-min reference period). High levels of gas were detected, especially when the exhaust was not vented to the outside. Venting of the gas to the outside could also present a hazard to adjacent areas. The situation was considered to be unacceptable and carbon dioxide was proposed as an alternative. The Occupational Exposure Standard for carbon dioxide is 5000 PPM (8-h time weighted average) and a short-term limit of 15,000 PPM (15-min reference period). Carbon dioxide levels were found to be within the Occupational Exposure Standard. There is no noticeable difference in the cryogenic efficacy of the 2 gases. Carbon dioxide is, therefore, a safer alternative. It also offers significant savings when compared with nitrous oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maiti
- Department of Sexual Health, North Herts NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, UK
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49
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Islam S, Gutin B, Treiber F, Hobbs G, Kamboh I, Lopes-Virella M. Association of apolipoprotein A phenotypes and oxidized low-density lipoprotein immune complexes in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999; 153:57-62. [PMID: 9895000 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.153.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small apolipoprotein A (apo [A]) phenotypes and oxidized low-density lipoprotein immune complexes (oxLDL-ICs) are known to be associated with the development of atherosclerosis in adults. Presence of these factors in children and their relationships with other known cardiovascular risk factors have not been well documented. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of oxLDL-ICs with apo(A) phenotypes and other known cardiovascular risk factors in children. DESIGN A survey of asymptomatic 9- to 11-year-old children, randomly selected from a cohort of children stratified based on family history of premature coronary artery disease. SETTING A preventive medicine research institute. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-five children with or without a family history of premature coronary artery disease who are participating in a longitudinal cardiovascular health study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The influence of apo(A) phenotypes on plasma levels of oxLDL-ICs after controlling for lipid/lipoprotein levels, percentage of body fat, and physical fitness. RESULTS Oxidized low-density lipoprotein immune complexes were significantly correlated with the levels of total cholesterol (r = 0.56, P< or =.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.64, P< or =.01), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.54, P<.05). Oxidized low-density lipoprotein immune complexes were also correlated with total cholesterol high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.49, P< or =.06) and percentage of body fat (r = 0.48, P< or =.06). However, they achieved only a borderline level of statistical significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that small apo(A) phenotypes, levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and family history of premature coronary artery disease explained 54% of the variation of oxLDL-ICs using a parsimonious model (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Significant correlations exist between oxLDL-ICs and known cardiovascular risk factors in children. The association of oxLDL-ICs with the genetically controlled small apo(A) phenotype suggests that the genetic predisposition to immune complex formation may be an important determinant of future coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Islam
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, USA
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50
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Abstract
Early referral (ER) to nephrologists of patients with chronic renal failure was assessed for its impact on the incidence of emergent first dialyses and choice of dialysis modality (hemodialysis [HD] or peritoneal dialysis [PD]), and survival. We reviewed events preceding first dialyses of 238 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) starting dialysis between January 1990 and April 1997, with follow-up extending through November 1997. Patients referred more than 1 month before needing dialysis (early referral [ER]) were compared with patients presenting within 30 days of needing dialysis (late referral [LR]). The need for emergent HD was significantly less among ER (29%) as compared with LR (90%) (P < 0.0001). Initial modality chosen was similar among ER patients (59% for HD v 41% for PD), a finding that contrasts with national percentages, which approximate 85% and 15%, respectively. Whereas most patients had not changed modality at 4 months, significantly more had changed from HD to PD (36 of 160 or 23%) than from PD to HD (7 of 78 or 9%) (P < 0.0001). Despite starting out on HD, ER and LR patients were amenable to ultimately changing to PD. ER and LR groups had similar numbers of Medicaid patients and patients living 1 hour or more distant to tertiary medical care. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the incidence of emergent HD when ER and LR living more than 1 hour away were compared. LR was not associated with lack of insurance or distance from referral site, although these patients more often required emergent HD, with its higher attendant medical care costs. Controlling for age and cause of ESRD, there was no statistically significant difference in long-term survival when ER patients were compared with LR patients or when patients who had received emergent HD were compared with those who had not. Despite the lack of difference in long-term survival, the financial costs of emergent HD alone merit greater promotion of ER and the psychosocial preparation and modality choice it allows.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Schmidt
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-9165, USA.
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