1
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Wang S, Yu Y, Hao J, Liang K, Xiang B, Zhu J, Lin Y, Pan Y, Gu G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad249. [PMID: 38577674 PMCID: PMC10989300 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Superconducting phase transitions in two dimensions lie beyond the description of the Ginzburg-Landau symmetry-breaking paradigm for three-dimensional superconductors. They are Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions of paired-electron condensate driven by the unbinding of topological excitations, i.e. vortices. The recently discovered monolayers of layered high-transition-temperature ([Formula: see text]) cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) meant that this 2D superconductor promised to be ideal for the study of unconventional superconductivity. But inhomogeneity posed challenges for distinguishing BKT physics from charge correlations in this material. Here, we utilize the phase sensitivity of scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy susceptometry to image the local magnetic response of underdoped Bi2212 from the monolayer to the bulk throughout its phase transition. The monolayer segregates into domains with independent phases at elevated temperatures below [Formula: see text]. Within a single domain, we find that the susceptibility oscillates with flux between diamagnetism and paramagnetism in a Fraunhofer-like pattern up to [Formula: see text]. The finite modulation period, as well as the broadening of the peaks when approaching [Formula: see text] from below, suggests well-defined vortices that are increasingly screened by the dissociation of vortex-antivortex plasma through a BKT transition. In the multilayers, the susceptibility oscillation differs in a small temperature regime below [Formula: see text], consistent with a dimensional crossover led by interlayer coupling. Serving as strong evidence for BKT transition in the bulk, we observe a sharp jump in phase stiffness and paramagnetism at small fields just below [Formula: see text]. These results unify the superconducting phase transitions from the monolayer to the bulk underdoped Bi2212, and can be collectively referred to as the BKT transition with interlayer coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinxiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bingke Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yishi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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2
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Zhao SYF, Cui X, Volkov PA, Yoo H, Lee S, Gardener JA, Akey AJ, Engelke R, Ronen Y, Zhong R, Gu G, Plugge S, Tummuru T, Kim M, Franz M, Pixley JH, Poccia N, Kim P. Time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity between twisted cuprate superconductors. Science 2023; 382:1422-1427. [PMID: 38060675 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl8371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Twisted interfaces between stacked van der Waals (vdW) cuprate crystals present a platform for engineering superconducting order parameters by adjusting stacking angles. Using a cryogenic assembly technique, we construct twisted vdW Josephson junctions (JJs) at atomically sharp interfaces between Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x crystals, with quality approaching the limit set by intrinsic JJs. Near 45° twist angle, we observe fractional Shapiro steps and Fraunhofer patterns, consistent with the existence of two degenerate Josephson ground states related by time-reversal symmetry (TRS). By programming the JJ current bias sequence, we controllably break TRS to place the JJ into either of the two ground states, realizing reversible Josephson diodes without external magnetic fields. Our results open a path to engineering topological devices at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Frank Zhao
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Cui
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pavel A Volkov
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Hyobin Yoo
- Department of Physics, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jules A Gardener
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Austin J Akey
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Rebecca Engelke
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yuval Ronen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Stephan Plugge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tarun Tummuru
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Marcel Franz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jedediah H Pixley
- Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Philip Kim
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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3
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Zhang S, Sun Z, Liu Q, Wang Z, Wu Q, Yue L, Xu S, Hu T, Li R, Zhou X, Yuan J, Gu G, Dong T, Wang N. Revealing the frequency-dependent oscillations in the nonlinear terahertz response induced by the Josephson current. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad163. [PMID: 37818116 PMCID: PMC10561709 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonlinear responses of superconductors to intense terahertz radiation has been an active research frontier. Using terahertz pump-terahertz probe spectroscopy, we investigate the c-axis nonlinear optical response of a high-temperature superconducting cuprate. After excitation by a single-cycle terahertz pump pulse, the reflectivity of the probe pulse oscillates as the pump-probe delay is varied. Interestingly, the oscillatory central frequency scales linearly with the probe frequency, a fact widely overlooked in pump-probe experiments. By theoretically solving the nonlinear optical reflection problem on the interface, we show that our observation is well explained by the Josephson-type third-order nonlinear electrodynamics, together with the emission coefficient from inside the material into free space. The latter results in a strong enhancement of the emitted signal whose physical frequency is around the Josephson plasma edge. Our result offers a benchmark for and new insights into strong-field terahertz spectroscopy of related quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiaomei Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zixiao Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Yue
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuxiang Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tianchen Hu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rongsheng Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiayu Yuan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Tao Dong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nanlin Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100913, China
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4
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Saggau CN, Shokri S, Martini M, Confalone T, Lee Y, Wolf D, Gu G, Brosco V, Montemurro D, Vinokur VM, Nielsch K, Poccia N. 2D High-Temperature Superconductor Integration in Contact Printed Circuit Boards. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:51558-51564. [PMID: 37878903 PMCID: PMC10637321 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Inherent properties of superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x films, such as the high superconducting transition temperature Tc, efficient Josephson coupling between neighboring CuO layers, and fast quasiparticle relaxation dynamics, make them a promising platform for advances in quantum computing and communication technologies. However, preserving two-dimensional superconductivity during device fabrication is an outstanding experimental challenge because of the fast degradation of the superconducting properties of two-dimensional flakes when they are exposed to moisture, organic solvents, and heat. Herein, to realize superconducting devices utilizing two-dimensional (2D) superconducting films, we develop a novel fabrication technique relying on the cryogenic dry transfer of printable circuits embedded into a silicon nitride membrane. This approach separates the circuit fabrication stage requiring chemically reactive substances and ionizing physical processes from the creation of the thin superconducting structures. Apart from providing electrical contacts in a single transfer step, the membrane encapsulates the surface of the crystal, shielding it from the environment. The fabricated atomically thin Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x-based devices show a high superconducting transition temperature of Tc ≃ 91 K close to that of the bulk crystal and demonstrate stable superconducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian N. Saggau
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sanaz Shokri
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mickey Martini
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tommaso Confalone
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yejin Lee
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Valentina Brosco
- Istituto
dei Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR) and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita,
Sapienza, P.le A. Moro,
2, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Piazza del Viminale, 1, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Montemurro
- Department
of Physics, University of Naples Federico
II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerii M. Vinokur
- Terra Quantum
AG, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Physics
Department, CUNY, City College of City University
of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
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5
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Yan H, Bok JM, He J, Zhang W, Gao Q, Luo X, Cai Y, Peng Y, Meng J, Li C, Chen H, Song C, Yin C, Miao T, Chen Y, Gu G, Lin C, Zhang F, Yang F, Zhang S, Peng Q, Liu G, Zhao L, Choi HY, Xu Z, Zhou XJ. Ubiquitous coexisting electron-mode couplings in high-temperature cuprate superconductors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219491120. [PMID: 37851678 PMCID: PMC10614907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219491120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In conventional superconductors, electron-phonon coupling plays a dominant role in generating superconductivity. In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, the existence of electron coupling with phonons and other boson modes and its role in producing high-temperature superconductivity remain unclear. The evidence of electron-boson coupling mainly comes from angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) observations of [Formula: see text]70-meV nodal dispersion kink and [Formula: see text]40-meV antinodal kink. However, the reported results are sporadic and the nature of the involved bosons is still under debate. Here we report findings of ubiquitous two coexisting electron-mode couplings in cuprate superconductors. By taking ultrahigh-resolution laser-based ARPES measurements, we found that the electrons are coupled simultaneously with two sharp modes at [Formula: see text]70meV and [Formula: see text]40meV in different superconductors with different dopings, over the entire momentum space and at different temperatures above and below the superconducting transition temperature. These observations favor phonons as the origin of the modes coupled with electrons and the observed electron-mode couplings are unusual because the associated energy scales do not exhibit an obvious energy shift across the superconducting transition. We further find that the well-known "peak-dip-hump" structure, which has long been considered a hallmark of superconductivity, is also omnipresent and consists of "peak-double dip-double hump" finer structures that originate from electron coupling with two sharp modes. These results provide a unified picture for the [Formula: see text]70-meV and [Formula: see text]40-meV energy scales and their evolutions with momentum, doping and temperature. They provide key information to understand the origin of these energy scales and their role in generating anomalous normal state and high-temperature superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Yan
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jin Mo Bok
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Korea
| | - Junfeng He
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Xiangyu Luo
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Jianqiao Meng
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Cong Li
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chunyao Song
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chaohui Yin
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Taimin Miao
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics, Materials Science Division of Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973-5000
| | - Chengtian Lin
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fengfeng Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Shenjin Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Qinjun Peng
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan523808, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan523808, China
| | - Han-Yong Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Korea
| | - Zuyan Xu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - X. J. Zhou
- National Lab for Superconductivity, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan523808, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing100193, China
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6
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Scott K, Kisiel E, Boyle TJ, Basak R, Jargot G, Das S, Agrestini S, Garcia-Fernandez M, Choi J, Pelliciari J, Li J, Chuang YD, Zhong R, Schneeloch JA, Gu G, Légaré F, Kemper AF, Zhou KJ, Bisogni V, Blanco-Canosa S, Frano A, Boschini F, da Silva Neto EH. Low-energy quasi-circular electron correlations with charge order wavelength in Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg3710. [PMID: 37467326 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Most resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) studies of dynamic charge order correlations in the cuprates have focused on the high-symmetry directions of the copper oxide plane. However, scattering along other in-plane directions should not be ignored as it may help understand, for example, the origin of charge order correlations or the isotropic scattering resulting in strange metal behavior. Our RIXS experiments reveal dynamic charge correlations over the qx-qy scattering plane in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. Tracking the softening of the RIXS-measured bond-stretching phonon, we show that these dynamic correlations exist at energies below approximately 70 meV and are centered around a quasi-circular manifold in the qx-qy scattering plane with radius equal to the magnitude of the charge order wave vector, qCO. This phonon-tracking procedure also allows us to rule out fluctuations of short-range directional charge order (i.e., centered around [qx = ±qCO, qy = 0] and [qx = 0, qy = ±qCO]) as the origin of the observed correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Scott
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Elliot Kisiel
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Timothy J Boyle
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rourav Basak
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gaëtan Jargot
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Sarmistha Das
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Jaewon Choi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jonathan Pelliciari
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Jiemin Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Yi-De Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - John A Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - François Légaré
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Alexander F Kemper
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Valentina Bisogni
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Santiago Blanco-Canosa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alex Frano
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Fabio Boschini
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Eduardo H da Silva Neto
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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7
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Ge JF, Bastiaans KM, Chatzopoulos D, Cho D, Tromp WO, Benschop T, Niu J, Gu G, Allan MP. Single-electron charge transfer into putative Majorana and trivial modes in individual vortices. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3341. [PMID: 37286552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Majorana bound states are putative collective excitations in solids that exhibit the self-conjugate property of Majorana fermions-they are their own antiparticles. In iron-based superconductors, zero-energy states in vortices have been reported as potential Majorana bound states, but the evidence remains controversial. Here, we use scanning tunneling noise spectroscopy to study the tunneling process into vortex bound states in the conventional superconductor NbSe2, and in the putative Majorana platform FeTe0.55Se0.45. We find that tunneling into vortex bound states in both cases exhibits charge transfer of a single electron charge. Our data for the zero-energy bound states in FeTe0.55Se0.45 exclude the possibility of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states and are consistent with both Majorana bound states and trivial vortex bound states. Our results open an avenue for investigating the exotic states in vortex cores and for future Majorana devices, although further theoretical investigations involving charge dynamics and superconducting tips are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Ge
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen M Bastiaans
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Doohee Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Willem O Tromp
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tjerk Benschop
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jiasen Niu
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Milan P Allan
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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8
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Liu Y, Pi H, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Gu G, Li Q, Weng H, Wu Q, Li Y, Xu Y. Gate-Tunable Multiband Transport in ZrTe 5 Thin Devices. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37205726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Interest in ZrTe5 has been reinvigorated in recent years owing to its potential for hosting versatile topological electronic states and intriguing experimental discoveries. However, the mechanism of many of its unusual transport behaviors remains controversial: for example, the characteristic peak in the temperature-dependent resistivity and the anomalous Hall effect. Here, through employing a clean dry-transfer fabrication method in an inert environment, we successfully obtain high-quality ZrTe5 thin devices that exhibit clear dual-gate tunability and ambipolar field effects. Such devices allow us to systematically study the resistance peak as well as the Hall effect at various doping densities and temperatures, revealing the contribution from electron-hole asymmetry and multiple-carrier transport. By comparing with theoretical calculations, we suggest a simplified semiclassical two-band model to explain the experimental observations. Our work helps to resolve the longstanding puzzles on ZrTe5 and could potentially pave the way for realizing novel topological states in the two-dimensional limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqi Pi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, United States
| | - Hongming Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Quansheng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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9
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Fan P, Chen H, Zhou X, Cao L, Li G, Li M, Qian G, Xing Y, Shen C, Wang X, Jin C, Gu G, Ding H, Gao HJ. Nanoscale Manipulation of Wrinkle-Pinned Vortices in Iron-Based Superconductors. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4541-4547. [PMID: 37162755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The controlled manipulation of Abrikosov vortices is essential for both fundamental science and logical applications. However, achieving nanoscale manipulation of vortices while simultaneously measuring the local density of states within them remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the manipulation of Abrikosov vortices by moving the pinning center, namely one-dimensional wrinkles, on the terminal layers of Fe(Te,Se) and LiFeAs, by utilizing low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S). The wrinkles trap the Abrikosov vortices induced by the external magnetic field. In some of the wrinkle-pinned vortices, robust zero-bias conductance peaks are observed. We tailor the wrinkle into short pieces and manipulate the wrinkles by using an STM tip. Strikingly, we demonstrate that the pinned vortices move together with these wrinkles even at high magnetic field up to 6 T. Our results provide a universal and effective routine for manipulating wrinkle-pinned vortices and simultaneously measuring the local density of states on the iron-based superconductor surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fan
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
| | - Xingtai Zhou
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lu Cao
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Geng Li
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Guojian Qian
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chengmin Shen
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiancheng Wang
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Jin
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
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10
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Bi X, Tian F, Chen G, Li Z, Qin F, Lv YY, Huang J, Qiu C, Ao L, Chen Y, Gu G, Chen Y, Yuan H. A Superconducting Micro-Magnetometer for Quantum Vortex in Superconducting Nanoflakes. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2211409. [PMID: 36808146 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting quantum interferometer device (SQUID) plays a key role in understanding electromagnetic properties and emergent phenomena in quantum materials. The technological appeal of SQUID is that its detection accuracy for the electromagnetic signal can precisely reach the quantum level of a single magnetic flux. However, conventional SQUID techniques normally can only be applied to a bulky sample and do not have the capability to probe the magnetic properties of micro-scale samples with small magnetic signals. Herein, it is demonstrated that, based on a specially designed superconducting nano-hole array, the contactless detection of magnetic properties and quantized vortices in micro-sized superconducting nanoflakes is realized. An anomalous hysteresis loop and a suppression of Little-Parks oscillation are observed in the detected magnetoresistance signal, which originates from the disordered distribution of the pinned vortices in Bi2 Sr2 CaCu2 O8+δ . Therefore, the density of pinning centers of the quantized vortices on such micro-sized superconducting samples can be quantitatively evaluated, which is technically inaccessible for conventional SQUID detection. The superconducting micro-magnetometer provides a new approach to exploring mesoscopic electromagnetic phenomena of quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Bi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Feifan Tian
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Ganyu Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Zeya Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Yang Lv
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Caiyu Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Ao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
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11
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Jois S, Lado JL, Gu G, Li Q, Lee JU. Andreev Reflection and Klein Tunneling in High-Temperature Superconductor-Graphene Junctions. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:156201. [PMID: 37115873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.156201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Scattering processes in quantum materials emerge as resonances in electronic transport, including confined modes, Andreev states, and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states. However, in most instances, these resonances are driven by a single scattering mechanism. Here, we show the appearance of resonances due to the combination of two simultaneous scattering mechanisms, one from superconductivity and the other from graphene p-n junctions. These resonances stem from Andreev reflection and Klein tunneling that occur at two different interfaces of a hole-doped region of graphene formed at the boundary with superconducting graphene due to proximity effects from Bi_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{1}Cu_{2}O_{8+δ}. The resonances persist with gating from p^{+}-p and p-n configurations. The suppression of the oscillation amplitude above the bias energy which is comparable to the induced superconducting gap indicates the contribution from Andreev reflection. Our experimental measurements are supported by quantum transport calculations in such interfaces, leading to analogous resonances. Our results put forward a hybrid scattering mechanism in graphene-high-temperature superconductor heterojunctions of potential impact for graphene-based Josephson junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadh Jois
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York 12203, USA
| | - Jose L Lado
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Ji Ung Lee
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York 12203, USA
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12
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Lee Y, Martini M, Confalone T, Shokri S, Saggau CN, Wolf D, Gu G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Montemurro D, Vinokur VM, Nielsch K, Poccia N. Encapsulating High-Temperature Superconducting Twisted van der Waals Heterostructures Blocks Detrimental Effects of Disorder. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2209135. [PMID: 36693810 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature cuprate superconductors based van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures hold high technological promise. One of the obstacles hindering their progress is the detrimental effect of disorder on the properties of the vdW-devices-based Josephson junctions (JJs). Here, a new method of fabricating twisted vdW heterostructures made of Bi2 Sr2 CuCa2 O8+δ , crucially improving the JJ characteristics and pushing them up to those of the intrinsic JJs in bulk samples, is reported. The method combines cryogenic stacking using a solvent-free stencil mask technique and covering the interface by insulating hexagonal boron nitride crystals. Despite the high-vacuum condition down to 10-6 mbar in the evaporation chamber, the interface appears to be protected from water molecules during the in situ metal deposition only when fully encapsulated. Comparing the current-voltage curves of encapsulated and unencapsulated interfaces, it is revealed that the encapsulated interfaces' characteristics are crucially improved, so that the corresponding JJs demonstrate high critical currents and sharpness of the superconducting transition comparable to those of the intrinsic JJs. Finally, it is shown that the encapsulated heterostructures are more stable over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Lee
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mickey Martini
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tommaso Confalone
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sanaz Shokri
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian N Saggau
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Domenico Montemurro
- Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
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13
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Lee KS, Kim JJ, Joo SH, Park MS, Yoo JH, Gu G, Lee J. Atomic-scale interpretation of the quantum oscillations in cuprate superconductors. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:21LT01. [PMID: 36898156 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cuprate superconductors display unusual features in bothkspace and real space as the superconductivity is suppressed-a broken Fermi surface, charge density wave, and pseudogap. Contrarily, recent transport measurements on cuprates under high magnetic fields report quantum oscillations (QOs), which imply rather a usual Fermi liquid behavior. To settle the disagreement, we investigated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δunder a magnetic field in an atomic scale. A particle-hole (p-h) asymmetrically dispersing density of states (DOSs) modulation was found at the vortices on a slightly underdoped sample, while on a highly underdoped sample, no trace of the vortex was found even at 13 T. However, a similar p-h asymmetric DOS modulation persisted in almost an entire field of view. From this observation, we infer an alternative explanation of the QO results by providing a unifying picture where the aforementioned seemingly conflicting evidence from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy, and magneto-transport measurements can be understood solely in terms of the DOS modulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Yoo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Genda Gu
- CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States of America
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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14
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Farhang C, Zaki N, Wang J, Gu G, Johnson PD, Xia J. Revealing the Origin of Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Fe-Chalcogenide Superconductor FeTe_{1-x}Se_{x}. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:046702. [PMID: 36763427 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.046702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, evidence has emerged in the topological superconductor Fe-chalcogenide FeTe_{1-x}Se_{x} for time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB), the nature of which has strong implications on the Majorana zero modes (MZM) discovered in this system. It remains unclear, however, whether the TRSB resides in the topological surface state (TSS) or in the bulk, and whether it is due to an unconventional TRSB superconducting order parameter or an intertwined order. Here, by performing in superconducting FeTe_{1-x}Se_{x} crystals both surface-magneto-optic-Kerr effect measurements using a Sagnac interferometer and bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements, we pinpoint the TRSB to the TSS, where we also detect a Dirac gap. Further, we observe surface TRSB in nonsuperconducting FeTe_{1-x}Se_{x} of nominally identical composition, indicating that TRSB arises from an intertwined surface ferromagnetic (FM) order. The observed surface FM bears striking similarities to the two-dimensional (2D) FM found in 2D van der Waals crystals, and is highly sensitive to the exact chemical composition, thereby providing a means for optimizing the conditions for Majorana particles that are useful for robust quantum computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camron Farhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Nader Zaki
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division (CMPMSD), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division (CMPMSD), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Peter D Johnson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division (CMPMSD), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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15
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Li M, Zhou Y, Zhang K, Xu G, Gu G, Su F, Chen X. Pressure Evolution of Ultrafast Photocarrier Dynamics and Electron-Phonon Coupling in FeTe 0.5Se 0.5. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8467. [PMID: 36499961 PMCID: PMC9736001 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the coupling between electrons and phonons in iron chalcogenides FeTexSe1-x has remained a critical but arduous project in recent decades. The direct observation of the electron-phonon coupling effect through electron dynamics and vibrational properties has been lacking. Here, we report the first pressure-dependent ultrafast photocarrier dynamics and Raman scattering studies on an iron chalcogenide FeTe0.5Se0.5 to explore the interaction between electrons and phonons in this unconventional superconductor. The lifetime of the excited electrons evidently decreases as the pressure increases from 0 to 2.2 GPa, and then increases with further compression. The vibrational properties of the A1g phonon mode exhibit similar behavior, with a pronounced frequency reduction appearing at approximately 2.3 GPa. The dual evidence reveals the enhanced electron-phonon coupling strength with pressure in FeTe0.5Se0.5. Our results give an insight into the role of the electron-phonon coupling effect in iron-based superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyun Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Insititude of Space Power Source, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Guangyong Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Fuhai Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhou X, Liao L, Jin F, Han X, Dong T, Xu S, Zhao L, Dai Y, Cheng Q, Huang X, Zhang Q, Wang L, Wang NL, Yue M, Bai X, Li Y, Wu Q, Gao HJ, Gu G, Wang Y, Zhou XJ. Unveiling the Degradation Mechanism of High-Temperature Superconductor Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ in Water-Bearing Environments. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:39489-39496. [PMID: 35976742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of copper oxide high-temperature superconductors have been studied extensively, such as the band structure and doping effects of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212). However, some chemical-related properties of these superconductors are rarely reported, such as their stability in water-bearing environments. Herein, we report experiments combined with ab initio calculations that address the effects of water in contact with Bi-2212. The evolution of Bi-2212 flakes with exposure to water for different time intervals was tested and characterized by optical microscopy (OM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrical measurements. The thickness of Bi-2212 flakes is gradually decreased in water, and some thin flakes can be completely etched away after a few days. The stability of Bi-2212 in other solvents is also evaluated, including alcohol, acetone, HCl, and KOH. The morphology of Bi-2212 flakes is relatively stable in organic solvents. However, the flakes are etched relatively quick in HCl and KOH, especially in an acidic environment. Our results imply that hydrogen ions are primarily responsible for the deterioration of their properties. Both TEM and calculation results demonstrate that the atoms in the Bi-O plane are relatively stable when compared to the inner atoms in Sr-O, Ca-O, and Cu-O planes. This work contributes toward understanding the chemical stability of a Bi-2212 superconducting device in environmental medium, which is important for both fundamental studies and practical applications of copper oxide high-temperature superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xu Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tao Dong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuxiang Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiuzhen Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingming Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Nan-Lin Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yeliang Wang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Xie T, Liu Z, Gu Y, Gong D, Mao H, Liu J, Hu C, Ma X, Yao Y, Zhao L, Zhou X, Schneeloch J, Gu G, Danilkin S, Yang YF, Luo H, Li S. Tracking the nematicity in cuprate superconductors: a resistivity study under uniaxial pressure. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:334001. [PMID: 35671749 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac768c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Overshadowing the superconducting dome in hole-doped cuprates, the pseudogap state is still one of the mysteries that no consensus can be achieved. It has been suggested that the rotational symmetry is broken in this state and may result in a nematic phase transition, whose temperature seems to coincide with the onset temperature of the pseudogap stateT∗around optimal doping level, raising the question whether the pseudogap results from the establishment of the nematic order. Here we report results of resistivity measurements under uniaxial pressure on several hole-doped cuprates, where the normalized slope of the elastoresistivityζcan be obtained as illustrated in iron-based superconductors. The temperature dependence ofζalong particular lattice axis exhibits kink feature atTkand shows Curie-Weiss-like behavior above it, which may suggest a spontaneous nematic transition. WhileTkseems to be the same asT∗around the optimal doping and in the overdoped region, they become very different in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4. Our results suggest that the nematic order, if indeed existing, is an electronic phase within the pseudogap state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Huican Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Sergey Danilkin
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Yi-Feng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqian Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
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18
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Lee J, Lee W, Kim GY, Choi YB, Park J, Jang S, Gu G, Choi SY, Cho GY, Lee GH, Lee HJ. Twisted van der Waals Josephson Junction Based on a High- Tc Superconductor. Nano Lett 2021; 21:10469-10477. [PMID: 34881903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stacking two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials rotated with respect to each other show versatility for studying exotic quantum phenomena. In particular, anisotropic layered materials have great potential for such twistronics applications, providing high tunability. Here, we report anisotropic superconducting order parameters in twisted Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) vdW junctions with an atomically clean vdW interface, achieved using the microcleave-and-stack technique. The vdW junctions with twist angles of 0° and 90° showed the maximum Josephson coupling, comparable to that of intrinsic Josephson junctions. As the twist angle approaches 45°, Josephson coupling is suppressed, and eventually disappears at 45°. The observed twist angle dependence of the Josephson coupling can be explained quantitatively by theoretical calculation with the d-wave superconducting order parameter of Bi-2212 and finite tunneling incoherence of the junction. Our results revealed the anisotropic nature of Bi-2212 and provided a novel fabrication technique for vdW-based twistronics platforms compatible with air-sensitive vdW materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongyun Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Wonjun Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Gi-Yeop Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Materials Imaging & Analysis Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Yong-Bin Choi
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jinho Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seong Jang
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Si-Young Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Materials Imaging & Analysis Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Gil Young Cho
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Gil-Ho Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Hu-Jong Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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19
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McLaughlin NJ, Wang H, Huang M, Lee-Wong E, Hu L, Lu H, Yan GQ, Gu G, Wu C, You YZ, Du CR. Strong Correlation Between Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in an Fe-Chalcogenide Superconductor. Nano Lett 2021; 21:7277-7283. [PMID: 34415171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The interplay among topology, superconductivity, and magnetism promises to bring a plethora of exotic and unintuitive behaviors in emergent quantum materials. The family of Fe-chalcogenide superconductors FeTexSe1-x are directly relevant in this context due to their intrinsic topological band structure, high-temperature superconductivity, and unconventional pairing symmetry. Despite enormous promise and expectation, the local magnetic properties of FeTexSe1-x remain largely unexplored, which prevents a comprehensive understanding of their underlying material properties. Exploiting nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, here we report nanoscale quantum sensing and imaging of magnetic flux generated by exfoliated FeTexSe1-x flakes, demonstrating strong correlation between superconductivity and ferromagnetism in FeTexSe1-x. The coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in an established topological superconductor opens up new opportunities for exploring exotic spin and charge transport phenomena in quantum materials. The demonstrated coupling between NV centers and FeTexSe1-x may also find applications in developing hybrid architectures for next-generation, solid-state-based quantum information technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J McLaughlin
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Eric Lee-Wong
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lunhui Hu
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hanyi Lu
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Gerald Q Yan
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Congjun Wu
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yi-Zhuang You
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Chunhui Rita Du
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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20
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Li Y, Zaki N, Garlea VO, Savici AT, Fobes D, Xu Z, Camino F, Petrovic C, Gu G, Johnson PD, Tranquada JM, Zaliznyak IA. Electronic properties of the bulk and surface states of Fe 1+yTe 1-xSe x. Nat Mater 2021; 20:1221-1227. [PMID: 33888904 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The idea of employing non-Abelian statistics for error-free quantum computing ignited interest in reports of topological surface superconductivity and Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in FeTe0.55Se0.45. However, the topological features and superconducting properties are not observed uniformly across the sample surface. The understanding and practical control of these electronic inhomogeneities present a prominent challenge for potential applications. Here, we combine neutron scattering, scanning angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and microprobe composition and resistivity measurements to characterize the electronic state of Fe1+yTe1-xSex. We establish a phase diagram in which the superconductivity is observed only at sufficiently low Fe concentration, in association with distinct antiferromagnetic correlations, whereas the coexisting topological surface state occurs only at sufficiently high Te concentration. We find that FeTe0.55Se0.45 is located very close to both phase boundaries, which explains the inhomogeneity of superconducting and topological states. Our results demonstrate the compositional control required for use of topological MZMs in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmu Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Nader Zaki
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Vasile O Garlea
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Andrei T Savici
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - David Fobes
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Zhijun Xu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Fernando Camino
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Cedomir Petrovic
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Johnson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - John M Tranquada
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Igor A Zaliznyak
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
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21
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Li N, Hou R, Zhao LM, Gu G, Hou SY. [Expression of melanoma-associated antigen-C2 in breast cancers and mechanism]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:821-826. [PMID: 34407585 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200116-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the expression pattern, mechanism and clinical significance of melanoma-associated antigen-C2 (MAGE-C2) in tumor-free breast specimens, breast benign disease specimens and breast cancer specimens. Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the expressions of MAGE-C2 in 60 tumor-free breast specimens, 60 breast benign disease specimens and 60 breast cancer specimens. The correlation of MAGE-C2 expression with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of breast cancer patients were analyzed. The expression of MAGE-C2 was also detected by RT-PCR in breast cancer cell MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 treated with DNA methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) and histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA). Results: The positive expression rates of MAGE-C2 mRNA and protein were 61.7% (37/60) and 58.3% (35/60) in breast cancer specimens, respectively, while negative expressed in breast and begin disease specimens. MAGE-C2 protein expression was associated with tumor grade, histological type and blood vessel invasion of breast cancer patients (P<0.05). The incidence of recurrence-free survival of patients with positive MAGE-C2 expression were lower than that of patients with negative MAGE-C2 expression (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the clinical stage (P<0.01), lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) and MAGE-C2 expression (P<0.05) were the independent prognostic factors of breast cancer patients. The MAGE-C2 mRNA was not observed in the control and TSA treated breast cancer cells while upregulated in the 5-aza-CdR treated cells. Besides, 5-aza-CdR combined with TSA further enhanced MAGE-C2 mRNA level in breast cancer cells (P<0.05). Conclusions: MAGE-C2 is one of the tumor-specific antigen and its expression is related with the poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. DNA methylation and histone acetylation may be an important regulation mechanism of MAGE-C2 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Oncology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - R Hou
- Department of Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050019, China
| | - L M Zhao
- Department of Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050019, China
| | - G Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - S Y Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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22
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Tang F, Wang P, He M, Isobe M, Gu G, Li Q, Zhang L, Smet JH. Two-Dimensional Quantum Hall Effect and Zero Energy State in Few-Layer ZrTe 5. Nano Lett 2021; 21:5998-6004. [PMID: 34251198 PMCID: PMC8397394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Topological matter plays a central role in today's condensed matter research. Zirconium pentatelluride (ZrTe5) has attracted attention as a Dirac semimetal at the boundary of weak and strong topological insulators (TI). Few-layer ZrTe5 is anticipated to exhibit the quantum spin Hall effect due to topological states inside the band gap, but sample degradation inflicted by ambient conditions and processing has so far hampered the fabrication of high quality devices. The quantum Hall effect (QHE), serving as the litmus test for 2D systems to be considered of high quality, has not been observed so far. Only a 3D variant on bulk was reported. Here, we succeeded in preserving the intrinsic properties of thin films lifting the carrier mobility to ∼3500 cm2 V-1 s-1, sufficient to observe the integer QHE and a bulk band gap related zero-energy state. The magneto-transport results offer evidence for the gapless topological states within this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangdong Tang
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department
of Physics and Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingquan He
- Low
Temperature Physics Laboratory, College of Physics and Center of Quantum
Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Masahiko Isobe
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, United States
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department
of Physics and Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jurgen H. Smet
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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23
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Kundu AK, Gu G, Valla T. Quantum Size Effects, Multiple Dirac Cones, and Edge States in Ultrathin Bi(110) Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:33627-33634. [PMID: 34232636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of inherently strong spin-orbit coupling in bismuth, its unique layer-dependent band topology and high carrier mobility make it an interesting system for both fundamental studies and applications. Theoretically, it has been suggested that strong quantum size effects should be present in the Bi(110) films, with the possibility of Dirac Fermion states in the odd-bilayer (BL) films, originating from dangling pz orbitals and quantum-spin hall (QSH) states in the even-bilayer films. However, the experimental verification of these claims has been lacking. Here, we study the electronic structure of Bi(110) films grown on a high-Tc superconductor, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We observe an oscillatory behavior of electronic structure with the film thickness and identify the Dirac-states in the odd-bilayer films, consistent with the theoretical predictions. In the even-bilayer films, we find another Dirac state that was predicted to play a crucial role in the QSH effect. In the low thickness limit, we observe several extremely one-dimensional states, probably originating from the edge-states of Bi(110) islands. Our results provide a much needed experimental insight into the electronic and structural properties of Bi(110) films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asish K Kundu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Tonica Valla
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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24
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Galeski S, Ehmcke T, Wawrzyńczak R, Lozano PM, Cho K, Sharma A, Das S, Küster F, Sessi P, Brando M, Küchler R, Markou A, König M, Swekis P, Felser C, Sassa Y, Li Q, Gu G, Zimmermann MV, Ivashko O, Gorbunov DI, Zherlitsyn S, Förster T, Parkin SSP, Wosnitza J, Meng T, Gooth J. Origin of the quasi-quantized Hall effect in ZrTe 5. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3197. [PMID: 34045452 PMCID: PMC8159947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantum Hall effect (QHE) is traditionally considered to be a purely two-dimensional (2D) phenomenon. Recently, however, a three-dimensional (3D) version of the QHE was reported in the Dirac semimetal ZrTe5. It was proposed to arise from a magnetic-field-driven Fermi surface instability, transforming the original 3D electron system into a stack of 2D sheets. Here, we report thermodynamic, spectroscopic, thermoelectric and charge transport measurements on such ZrTe5 samples. The measured properties: magnetization, ultrasound propagation, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, show no signatures of a Fermi surface instability, consistent with in-field single crystal X-ray diffraction. Instead, a direct comparison of the experimental data with linear response calculations based on an effective 3D Dirac Hamiltonian suggests that the quasi-quantization of the observed Hall response emerges from the interplay of the intrinsic properties of the ZrTe5 electronic structure and its Dirac-type semi-metallic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Galeski
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany.
| | - T Ehmcke
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Wawrzyńczak
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - P M Lozano
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - K Cho
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - A Sharma
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - S Das
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - F Küster
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - P Sessi
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - M Brando
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Küchler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Markou
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - M König
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Swekis
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Y Sassa
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Q Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - G Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | | | - O Ivashko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D I Gorbunov
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat,, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Zherlitsyn
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat,, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Förster
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat,, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - S S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - J Wosnitza
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat,, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Meng
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Gooth
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany.
- Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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25
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Fan P, Yang F, Qian G, Chen H, Zhang YY, Li G, Huang Z, Xing Y, Kong L, Liu W, Jiang K, Shen C, Du S, Schneeloch J, Zhong R, Gu G, Wang Z, Ding H, Gao HJ. Observation of magnetic adatom-induced Majorana vortex and its hybridization with field-induced Majorana vortex in an iron-based superconductor. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1348. [PMID: 33649307 PMCID: PMC7921435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Braiding Majorana zero modes is essential for fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. Iron-based superconductors with nontrivial band topology have recently emerged as a surprisingly promising platform for creating distinct Majorana zero modes in magnetic vortices in a single material and at relatively high temperatures. The magnetic field-induced Abrikosov vortex lattice makes it difficult to braid a set of Majorana zero modes or to study the coupling of a Majorana doublet due to overlapping wave functions. Here we report the observation of the proposed quantum anomalous vortex with integer quantized vortex core states and the Majorana zero mode induced by magnetic Fe adatoms deposited on the surface. We observe its hybridization with a nearby field-induced Majorana vortex in iron-based superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45. We also observe vortex-free Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states at the Fe adatoms with a weaker coupling to the substrate, and discover a reversible transition between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states and Majorana zero mode by manipulating the exchange coupling strength. The dual origin of the Majorana zero modes, from magnetic adatoms and external magnetic field, provides a new single-material platform for studying their interactions and braiding in superconductors bearing topological band structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fazhi Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guojian Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Yang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Geng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyuan Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chengmin Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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26
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Luo L, Cheng D, Song B, Wang LL, Vaswani C, Lozano PM, Gu G, Huang C, Kim RHJ, Liu Z, Park JM, Yao Y, Ho K, Perakis IE, Li Q, Wang J. A light-induced phononic symmetry switch and giant dissipationless topological photocurrent in ZrTe 5. Nat Mater 2021; 20:329-334. [PMID: 33462464 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissipationless currents from topologically protected states are promising for disorder-tolerant electronics and quantum computation. Here, we photogenerate giant anisotropic terahertz nonlinear currents with vanishing scattering, driven by laser-induced coherent phonons of broken inversion symmetry in a centrosymmetric Dirac material ZrTe5. Our work suggests that this phononic terahertz symmetry switching leads to formation of Weyl points, whose chirality manifests in a transverse, helicity-dependent current, orthogonal to the dynamical inversion symmetry breaking axis, via circular photogalvanic effect. The temperature-dependent topological photocurrent exhibits several distinct features: Berry curvature dominance, particle-hole reversal near conical points and chirality protection that is responsible for an exceptional ballistic transport length of ~10 μm. These results, together with first-principles modelling, indicate two pairs of Weyl points dynamically created by B1u phonons of broken inversion symmetry. Such phononic terahertz control breaks ground for coherent manipulation of Weyl nodes and robust quantum transport without application of static electric or magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Di Cheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Boqun Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Chirag Vaswani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - P M Lozano
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - G Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Chuankun Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Richard H J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Joong-Mok Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Yongxin Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kaiming Ho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ilias E Perakis
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, USA.
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27
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Wang D, Wiebe J, Zhong R, Gu G, Wiesendanger R. Spin-Polarized Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States in an Iron-Based Superconductor. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:076802. [PMID: 33666492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.076802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states appear when a magnetic atom interacts with a superconductor. Here, we report on spin-resolved spectroscopic studies of YSR states related with Fe atoms deposited on the surface of the topological superconductor FeTe_{0.55}Se_{0.45} using a spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope. We clearly identify the spin signature of pairs of YSR bound states at finite energies within the superconducting gap having opposite spin polarization as theoretically predicted. In addition, we also observe zero-energy bound states for some of the adsorbed Fe atoms. In this case, a spin signature is found to be absent indicating the absence of Majorana bound states associated with Fe adatoms on FeTe_{0.55}Se_{0.45}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfei Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Wiebe
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Roland Wiesendanger
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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28
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Berkowitz ME, Kim BSY, Ni G, McLeod AS, Lo CFB, Sun Z, Gu G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Millis AJ, Hone JC, Fogler MM, Averitt RD, Basov DN. Hyperbolic Cooper-Pair Polaritons in Planar Graphene/Cuprate Plasmonic Cavities. Nano Lett 2021; 21:308-316. [PMID: 33320013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic Cooper-pair polaritons (HCP) in cuprate superconductors are of fundamental interest due to their potential for providing insights into the nature of unconventional superconductivity. Here, we critically assess an experimental approach using near-field imaging to probe HCP in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) in the presence of graphene surface plasmon polaritons (SPP). Our simulations show that inherently weak HCP features in the near-field can be strongly enhanced when coupled to graphene SPP in layered graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)/Bi-2212 heterostructures. This enhancement arises from our multilayered structures effectively acting as plasmonic cavities capable of altering collective modes of a layered superconductor by modifying its electromagnetic environment. The degree of enhancement can be selectively controlled by tuning the insulating spacer thickness with atomic precision. Finally, we verify the expected renormalization of room-temperature graphene SPP using near-field infrared imaging. Our modeling, augmented with data, attests to the validity of our approach for probing HCP modes in cuprate superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Berkowitz
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Brian S Y Kim
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Guangxin Ni
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Alexander S McLeod
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Chiu Fan Bowen Lo
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute of Material Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute of Material Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukaba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - James C Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael M Fogler
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Richard D Averitt
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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29
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Chatzopoulos D, Cho D, Bastiaans KM, Steffensen GO, Bouwmeester D, Akbari A, Gu G, Paaske J, Andersen BM, Allan MP. Spatially dispersing Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in the unconventional superconductor FeTe 0.55Se 0.45. Nat Commun 2021; 12:298. [PMID: 33436594 PMCID: PMC7804303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
By using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) we find and characterize dispersive, energy-symmetric in-gap states in the iron-based superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45, a material that exhibits signatures of topological superconductivity, and Majorana bound states at vortex cores or at impurity locations. We use a superconducting STM tip for enhanced energy resolution, which enables us to show that impurity states can be tuned through the Fermi level with varying tip-sample distance. We find that the impurity state is of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) type, and argue that the energy shift is caused by the low superfluid density in FeTe0.55Se0.45, which allows the electric field of the tip to slightly penetrate the sample. We model the newly introduced tip-gating scenario within the single-impurity Anderson model and find good agreement to the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damianos Chatzopoulos
- grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, CA 2333 The Netherlands
| | - Doohee Cho
- grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, CA 2333 The Netherlands ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Koen M. Bastiaans
- grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, CA 2333 The Netherlands
| | - Gorm O. Steffensen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XCenter for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100 Denmark
| | - Damian Bouwmeester
- grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, CA 2333 The Netherlands ,grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, CJ 2628 Netherlands
| | - Alireza Akbari
- grid.419507.e0000 0004 0491 351XMax Planck Institute for the Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, D-01187 Germany ,grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Max Planck POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, and Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784 Korea
| | - Genda Gu
- grid.202665.50000 0001 2188 4229Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Jens Paaske
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XCenter for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100 Denmark
| | - Brian M. Andersen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XCenter for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100 Denmark
| | - Milan P. Allan
- grid.5132.50000 0001 2312 1970Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, CA 2333 The Netherlands
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30
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Galeski S, Zhao X, Wawrzyńczak R, Meng T, Förster T, Lozano PM, Honnali S, Lamba N, Ehmcke T, Markou A, Li Q, Gu G, Zhu W, Wosnitza J, Felser C, Chen GF, Gooth J. Unconventional Hall response in the quantum limit of HfTe 5. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5926. [PMID: 33230118 PMCID: PMC7683529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interacting electrons confined to their lowest Landau level in a high magnetic field can form a variety of correlated states, some of which manifest themselves in a Hall effect. Although such states have been predicted to occur in three-dimensional semimetals, a corresponding Hall response has not yet been experimentally observed. Here, we report the observation of an unconventional Hall response in the quantum limit of the bulk semimetal HfTe5, adjacent to the three-dimensional quantum Hall effect of a single electron band at low magnetic fields. The additional plateau-like feature in the Hall conductivity of the lowest Landau level is accompanied by a Shubnikov-de Haas minimum in the longitudinal electrical resistivity and its magnitude relates as 3/5 to the height of the last plateau of the three-dimensional quantum Hall effect. Our findings are consistent with strong electron-electron interactions, stabilizing an unconventional variant of the Hall effect in a three-dimensional material in the quantum limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Galeski
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
| | - X Zhao
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Physics Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - R Wawrzyńczak
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Meng
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Förster
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - P M Lozano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3800, USA
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - S Honnali
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - N Lamba
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Ehmcke
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Markou
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3800, USA
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - G Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - W Zhu
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physics Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - J Wosnitza
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL) and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - G F Chen
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- School of Physics Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - J Gooth
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
- Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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31
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Chong YX, Liu X, Sharma R, Kostin A, Gu G, Fujita K, Davis JCS, Sprau PO. Severe Dirac Mass Gap Suppression in Sb 2Te 3-Based Quantum Anomalous Hall Materials. Nano Lett 2020; 20:8001-8007. [PMID: 32985892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect appears in ferromagnetic topological insulators (FMTIs) when a Dirac mass gap opens in the spectrum of the topological surface states (SSs). Unaccountably, although the mean mass gap can exceed 28 meV (or ∼320 K), the QAH effect is frequently only detectable at temperatures below 1 K. Using atomic-resolution Landau level spectroscopic imaging, we compare the electronic structure of the archetypal FMTI Cr0.08(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.92Te3 to that of its nonmagnetic parent (Bi0.1Sb0.9)2Te3, to explore the cause. In (Bi0.1Sb0.9)2Te3, we find spatially random variations of the Dirac energy. Statistically equivalent Dirac energy variations are detected in Cr0.08(Bi0.1Sb0.9)1.92Te3 with concurrent but uncorrelated Dirac mass gap disorder. These two classes of SS electronic disorder conspire to drastically suppress the minimum mass gap to below 100 μeV for nanoscale regions separated by <1 μm. This fundamentally limits the fully quantized anomalous Hall effect in Sb2Te3-based FMTI materials to very low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xue Chong
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Rahul Sharma
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Andrey Kostin
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Genda Gu
- CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - K Fujita
- CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - J C Séamus Davis
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, Cork T12R5C, Ireland
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Peter O Sprau
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Advanced Development Center, ASML, Wilton, Connecticut 06897, United States
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32
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Zhang W, Wang P, Skinner B, Bi R, Kozii V, Cho CW, Zhong R, Schneeloch J, Yu D, Gu G, Fu L, Wu X, Zhang L. Observation of a thermoelectric Hall plateau in the extreme quantum limit. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1046. [PMID: 32098952 PMCID: PMC7042294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoelectric Hall effect is the generation of a transverse heat current upon applying an electric field in the presence of a magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate that the thermoelectric Hall conductivity αxy in the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal ZrTe5 acquires a robust plateau in the extreme quantum limit of magnetic field. The plateau value is independent of the field strength, disorder strength, carrier concentration, or carrier sign. We explain this plateau theoretically and show that it is a unique signature of three-dimensional Dirac or Weyl electrons in the extreme quantum limit. We further find that other thermoelectric coefficients, such as the thermopower and Nernst coefficient, are greatly enhanced over their zero-field values even at relatively low fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Quantum Devices, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Brian Skinner
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ran Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Quantum Devices, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Vladyslav Kozii
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chang-Woo Cho
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Xiaosong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Quantum Devices, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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33
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Reber TJ, Zhou X, Plumb NC, Parham S, Waugh JA, Cao Y, Sun Z, Li H, Wang Q, Wen JS, Xu ZJ, Gu G, Yoshida Y, Eisaki H, Arnold GB, Dessau DS. A unified form of low-energy nodal electronic interactions in hole-doped cuprate superconductors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5737. [PMID: 31844065 PMCID: PMC6914777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ over a wide range of doping levels, we present a universal form for the non-Fermi liquid electronic interactions in the nodal direction in the exotic normal state phase. It is described by a continuously varying power law exponent versus energy and temperature (hence named a Power Law Liquid or PLL), which with doping varies smoothly from a quadratic Fermi Liquid in the overdoped regime, to a linear Marginal Fermi Liquid at optimal doping, to a non-quasiparticle non-Fermi Liquid in the underdoped regime. The coupling strength is essentially constant across all regimes and is consistent with Planckian dissipation. Using the extracted PLL parameters we reproduce the experimental optics and resistivity over a wide range of doping and normal-state temperature values, including the T* pseudogap temperature scale observed in the resistivity curves. This breaks the direct link to the pseudogapping of antinodal spectral weight observed at similar temperature scales and gives an alternative direction for searches of the microscopic mechanism. The normal state of hole-doped, high-temperature superconductors is a currently-unexplained "strange metal" with exotic electronic behaviour. Here, the authors show that a doping-dependent power law ansatz for the electronic scattering phenomenologically captures ARPES, transport and optics observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Reber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - X Zhou
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA.
| | - N C Plumb
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA.,Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Parham
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - J A Waugh
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - J S Wen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Labs, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Z J Xu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Labs, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - G Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Labs, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Y Yoshida
- AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3058568, Japan
| | - H Eisaki
- AIST Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3058568, Japan
| | - G B Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA
| | - D S Dessau
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA. .,Center for Experiments on Quantum Materials, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0390, USA.
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34
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Zhu S, Kong L, Cao L, Chen H, Papaj M, Du S, Xing Y, Liu W, Wang D, Shen C, Yang F, Schneeloch J, Zhong R, Gu G, Fu L, Zhang YY, Ding H, Gao HJ. Nearly quantized conductance plateau of vortex zero mode in an iron-based superconductor. Science 2019; 367:189-192. [PMID: 31831637 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are spatially localized, zero-energy fractional quasiparticles with non-Abelian braiding statistics that hold promise for topological quantum computing. Owing to the particle-antiparticle equivalence, MZMs exhibit quantized conductance at low temperature. By using variable-tunnel-coupled scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we studied tunneling conductance of vortex bound states on FeTe0.55Se0.45 superconductors. We report observations of conductance plateaus as a function of tunnel coupling for zero-energy vortex bound states with values close to or even reaching the 2e 2/h quantum conductance (where e is the electron charge and h is Planck's constant). By contrast, no plateaus were observed on either finite energy vortex bound states or in the continuum of electronic states outside the superconducting gap. This behavior of the zero-mode conductance supports the existence of MZMs in FeTe0.55Se0.45.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingyuan Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Michał Papaj
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenyao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongfei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chengmin Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fazhi Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu-Yang Zhang
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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35
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Yin H, Gu G, Nou X, Patel J. Comparative evaluation of irrigation waters on microbiological safety of spinach in field. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1889-1900. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H.‐B. Yin
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory USDA ARS Beltsville MD USA
| | - G. Gu
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory USDA ARS Beltsville MD USA
| | - X. Nou
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory USDA ARS Beltsville MD USA
| | - J. Patel
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory USDA ARS Beltsville MD USA
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36
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Zhang C, Zhao W, Bi S, Rouleau CM, Fowlkes JD, Boldman WL, Gu G, Li Q, Feng G, Rack PD. Low-Temperature Charging Dynamics of the Ionic Liquid and Its Gating Effect on FeSe 0.5Te 0.5 Superconducting Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:17979-17986. [PMID: 31021595 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated extensively because of their unique ability to form the electric double layer (EDL), which induces high electrical field. For certain materials, low-temperature IL charging is needed to limit the electrochemical etching. Here, we report our investigation of the low-temperature charging dynamics in two widely used ILs-DEME-TF2N and C4mim-TF2N. Results show that the formation of the EDL at ∼220 K requires several hours relative to milliseconds at room temperature, and an equivalent voltage Ve is introduced as a measure of the EDL formation during the biasing process. The experimental observation is supported by molecular dynamics simulation, which shows that the dynamics are logically a function of gate voltage, time, and temperature. To demonstrate the importance of understanding the charging dynamics, a 140 nm thick FeSe0.5Te0.5 film was biased using the DEME IL, showing a tunable Tc between 18 and 35 K. Notably, this is the first observation of the tunability of the Tc in thick film FeSe0.5Te0.5 superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Sheng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Christopher M Rouleau
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Jason D Fowlkes
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Walker L Boldman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074 , China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Philip D Rack
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
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37
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Tang F, Ren Y, Wang P, Zhong R, Schneeloch J, Yang SA, Yang K, Lee PA, Gu G, Qiao Z, Zhang L. Three-dimensional quantum Hall effect and metal–insulator transition in ZrTe5. Nature 2019; 569:537-541. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Zhou X, Wang R, Zhang T, Liu F, Zhang W, Wang G, Gu G, Han Q, Xu D, Yao C, Guo D, Fu W, Qi Y, Wang L. Identification of Lysophosphatidylcholines and Sphingolipids as Potential Biomarkers for Acute Aortic Dissection via Serum Metabolomics. J Vasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Williams J, Tu S, Lodhia C, Gu G, Haar G, O'Connor J, Niewiadomski O, Tandiari T, Nicoll A. Parenteral nutrition: How do patients initiated in the intensive care unit differ from those on the ward? Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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Kim JA, Dustin D, Gu G, Corona-Rodriguez A, Edwards D, Coarfa C, Keyomarsi K, Fuqua SA. Abstract PD7-11: Therapeutic strategy for ESR1 mutation driven-endocrine resistance in ER-positive breast cancers. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd7-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Endocrine therapy is used in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers, however, 25% of these patients are at risk of distant relapse and the development of acquired endocrine resistance. Recently mutations in the ER gene (ESR1) have been validated to be acquired during the development of endocrine resistance. The most frequent ESR1 mutation, Y537S, promotes ligand-independent ER activity and emerges subclonally during aromatase inhibitor treatment. In this study, we examined the effects of the Y537S ESR1 mutation on cell cycle signaling and therapeutic response to a novel checkpoint inhibitor.
Material and Methods: MCF-7 cells expressing the Y537S ESR1 mutation were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in techniques. Cells were incubated in steroid deprived conditions. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry annnexin-V assays. Proliferation was analyzed by BrdU incorporation. Cell cycle checkpoint kinases were examined by western blot analysis. Cell growth was analyzed using soft agar and MTT assays. Replication stress was identified by RPA32 and gamma-H2AX foci formation assay. For in vivo studies, MCF-7 ESR1 Y537S mutant cells were injected into female athymic nude mice with 17β-estradiol (E2) supplemented water. When tumors reached 350 mm3, tamoxifen (20 mg/kg; s.c.; three times a week), fulvestrant (200 mg/kg; s.c; once a week) and/or PF477736 Chk1 inhibitor (7.5 mg/kg; i.p.; twice a day and twice a week) was treated without E2.
Results: ESR1 Y537S mutant cells accumulated approximately 5 fold in S phase and 1.7 fold in G2/M phase compared to control cells in estrogen-deprived (ED) conditions. BrdU incorporation also increased about 2.5-fold, however, apoptosis was decreased about 60 % compared with wild-type ER parental cells. ESR1 Y537S mutant cells induced significant replication stress, showing increased RPA32 foci together with increased gamma H2AX foci, a marker of DNA double-stranded breaks. ChIP-seq analysis revealed binding sites on ATR and CHEK1 genomic locations. ATR/Chk1-mediated checkpoint signaling was activated in ESR1 Y537S mutant cells, and was repressed with fulvestrant, tamoxifen, or ESR1 siRNA treatment. The Chk1 inhibitor, PF477736, sensitized MCF-7 expressing the ESR1 Y537S mutation to endocrine treatments such as fulvestrant, tamoxifen, and the ER degrader AZD9496 in cell proliferation assays. In MCF-7 ESR1 Y537S mutant xenograft and patient derived mouse models, tamoxifen treatment combined with the Chk1 inhibitor PF477736 repressed primary xenograft tumor doubling times (P=0.038, Wilcoxon test). Treatment of mutant tumors with PF477736 together with fulvestrant significantly inhibited the frequency of distant lung metastases by 80% (P=0.0031, t-test), suggesting that these combinations may be useful in second line treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients resistant to endocrine therapies.
Conclusion: These preclinical results suggest that ESR1 mutant tumors have a therapeutic vulnerability to combination endocrine therapy with cell cycle checkpoint kinase inhibitors. These data demonstrate that this new therapeutic approach may be useful to restore endocrine sensitivity in metastatic breast cancer patients with ESR1 mutation driven-endocrine resistance.
Citation Format: Kim J-A, Dustin D, Gu G, Corona-Rodriguez A, Edwards D, Coarfa C, Keyomarsi K, Fuqua SA. Therapeutic strategy for ESR1 mutation driven-endocrine resistance in ER-positive breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD7-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-A Kim
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D Dustin
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G Gu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Corona-Rodriguez
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D Edwards
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Coarfa
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Keyomarsi
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - SA Fuqua
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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41
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Joo SH, Kim JJ, Yoo JH, Park MS, Lee KS, Gu G, Lee J. Cooper Pair Density of Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+ x in Atomic scale at 4.2 K. Nano Lett 2019; 19:1112-1117. [PMID: 30698977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In pursuit of the elusive mechanism of high- T C superconductors (HTSC), spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM) is an indispensable tool for surveying local properties of HTSC. Since a conventional STM utilizes metal tips, which allow the examination of only quasiparticles and not superconducting (SC) pairs, Josephson tunneling using STM has been demonstrated by many authors in the past. An atomically resolved scanning Josephson tunneling microscopy (SJTM), however, was realized only recently on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ x (Bi-2212) below 50 mK and on the Pb(110) surface at 20 mK. Here we report the atomically resolved SJTM on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ x at 4.2 K using Bi-2212 tips created in situ. The I- V characteristics show clear zero bias conductance peaks following Ambegaokar-Baratoff (AB) theory. A gap map was produced for the first time using an atomically resolved Josephson critical current map I C( r) and AB theory. Surprisingly, we found that this new gap map is anticorrelated to the gap map produced by a conventional method relying on the coherence peaks. Quasiparticle resonance due to a single isolated zinc atom impurity was also observed by SJTM, indicating that atomically resolved SJTM was achieved at 4.2 K. Our result provides a starting point for realizing SJTM at even higher temperatures, rendering possible investigation of the existence of SC pairs in HTSC above the T C.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - J H Yoo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - M S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - G Gu
- CMPMS Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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42
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Zhao H, Ren Z, Rachmilowitz B, Schneeloch J, Zhong R, Gu G, Wang Z, Zeljkovic I. Charge-stripe crystal phase in an insulating cuprate. Nat Mater 2019; 18:103-107. [PMID: 30559411 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity in cuprates arises from carrier doping of an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator. This carrier doping leads to the formation of electronic liquid-crystal phases1. The insulating charge-stripe crystal phase is predicted to form when a small density of holes is doped into the charge-transfer insulator state1-3, but this phase is yet to be observed experimentally. Here, we use surface annealing to extend the accessible doping range in Bi-based cuprates and realize the lightly doped charge-transfer insulating state of the cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x. In this insulating state with a charge transfer gap on the order of ~1 eV, our spectroscopic imaging scanning tunnelling microscopy measurements provide strong evidence for a unidirectional charge-stripe order with a commensurate 4a0 period along the Cu-O-Cu bond. Notably, this insulating charge-stripe crystal phase develops before the onset of the pseudogap and formation of the Fermi surface. Our work provides fresh insight into the microscopic origin of electronic inhomogeneity in high-Tc cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhao
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Genda Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Ilija Zeljkovic
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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43
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Liao M, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Zhong R, Schneeloch J, Gu G, Jiang K, Zhang D, Ma X, Xue QK. Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Exfoliated Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ Flakes. Nano Lett 2018; 18:5660-5665. [PMID: 30111116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We realize superconductor-insulator transitions (SIT) in mechanically exfoliated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (BSCCO) flakes and address simultaneously their transport properties as well as the evolution of density of states. Back-gating via the solid ion conductor (SIC) engenders a SIT in BSCCO due to the modulation of carrier density by intercalated lithium ions. Scaling analysis indicates that the SIT follows the theoretical description of a two-dimensional quantum phase transition (2D-QPT). We further carry out tunneling spectroscopy in graphite(G)/BSCCO heterojunctions. We observe V-shaped gaps in the critical regime of the SIT. The density of states in BSCCO gets symmetrically suppressed by further going into the insulating regime. Our technique of combining solid state gating with tunneling spectroscopy can be easily applied to the study of other two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794 , United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Kaili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
- Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xucun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Qi-Kun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100084 , China
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44
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Wang D, Kong L, Fan P, Chen H, Zhu S, Liu W, Cao L, Sun Y, Du S, Schneeloch J, Zhong R, Gu G, Fu L, Ding H, Gao HJ. Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor. Science 2018; 362:333-335. [PMID: 30115743 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The search for Majorana bound states (MBSs) has been fueled by the prospect of using their non-Abelian statistics for robust quantum computation. Two-dimensional superconducting topological materials have been predicted to host MBSs as zero-energy modes in vortex cores. By using scanning tunneling spectroscopy on the superconducting Dirac surface state of the iron-based superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45, we observed a sharp zero-bias peak inside a vortex core that does not split when moving away from the vortex center. The evolution of the peak under varying magnetic field, temperature, and tunneling barrier is consistent with the tunneling to a nearly pure MBS, separated from nontopological bound states. This observation offers a potential platform for realizing and manipulating MBSs at a relatively high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingyuan Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenyao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China
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45
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Zhang J, Ding Y, Chen CC, Cai Z, Chang J, Chen B, Hong X, Fluerasu A, Zhang Y, Ku CS, Brewe D, Heald S, Ishii H, Hiraoka N, Tsuei KD, Liu W, Zhang Z, Cai YQ, Gu G, Irifune T, Mao HK. Evolution of a Novel Ribbon Phase in Optimally Doped Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ at High Pressure and Its Implication to High- T C Superconductivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4182-4188. [PMID: 29979596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One challenge in studying high-temperature superconductivity (HTSC) stems from a lack of direct experimental evidence linking lattice inhomogeneity and superconductivity. Here, we apply synchrotron hard X-ray nanoimaging and small-angle scattering to reveal a novel micron-scaled ribbon phase in optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212, with δ = 0.1). The morphology of the ribbon-like phase evolves simultaneously with the dome-shaped TC behavior under pressure. X-ray absorption studies show that the increasing of TC is associated with oxygen-hole redistribution in the CuO2 plan, while TC starts to decrease with pressure when oxygen holes become immobile. Additional X-ray irradiation experiments reveal that nanoscaled short-range ordering of oxygen vacancies could further lower TC, which indicates that the optimal TC is affected not only by an optimal morphology of the ribbon phase, but also an optimal distribution of oxygen vacancies. Our studies thereby provide for the first time compelling experimental evidence correlating the TC with micron to nanoscale inhomogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhang
- Center for High-Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research , Beijing , 100094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ding
- Center for High-Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research , Beijing , 100094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chien Chen
- Department of Physics , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama 35294 , United States
| | - Zhonghou Cai
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jun Chang
- College of Physics and Information Technology , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Center for High-Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research , Beijing , 100094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinguo Hong
- Center for High-Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research , Beijing , 100094 , People's Republic of China
| | - Andrei Fluerasu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Yugang Zhang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Ching-Shun Ku
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Dale Brewe
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Steve Heald
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Hirofumi Ishii
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Nozomu Hiraoka
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Ku-Ding Tsuei
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yong Q Cai
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Tetsuo Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center , Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama 790-8577 , Japan
- Earth-Life Science Institute , Tokyo Institute of Technology , Tokyo 152-8500 , Japan
| | - Ho-Kwang Mao
- Center for High-Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research , Beijing , 100094 , People's Republic of China
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , Washington, D.C. 20015 , United States
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46
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Gelsomino L, Panza S, Giordano C, Barone I, Gu G, Spina E, Catalano S, Fuqua S, Andò S. Mutations in the estrogen receptor alpha hormone binding domain promote stem cell phenotype through notch activation in breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Lett 2018; 428:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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47
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Yin HB, Nou X, Gu G, Patel J. Microbiological quality of spinach irrigated with reclaimed wastewater and roof-harvest water. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:133-141. [PMID: 29478274 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The effect of reclaimed wastewater (RCW) and roof-harvest rainwater (RHW) on the microbiological quality of irrigated spinach was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Spinach grown in the controlled environment chamber was irrigated by RCW, RHW or creek water (CW; control water) for 4 weeks, and then six replicate spinach samples from each treatment were collected weekly at 0 h and 24 h postirrigation. Spinach samples were analysed for populations of faecal bacterial indicators and pathogens. Bacterial populations in alternative irrigation water samples were determined by the membrane filtration technique. The RCW samples contained the highest faecal bacterial indicator populations, followed by the CW and RHW throughout the entire study. Irrigation waters containing higher populations of total and faecal coliforms did not necessarily result in higher populations of these bacteria on the irrigated spinach. Higher numbers of E. coli-positive spinach samples were reported from RCW-irrigated spinach, especially with repeated irrigation. Pathogens were not detected from any water or spinach samples. CONCLUSIONS Spinach irrigated with RHW did not significantly affect the populations of faecal indicator bacteria when compared with CW-irrigated spinach. Repeat irrigation with RCW is not recommended due to the increased contamination of E. coli on spinach leaves. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY RHW may potentially be used as alternative irrigation water without deleteriously affecting the microbiological safety of the spinach.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - X Nou
- United States Department of Agriculture, Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - G Gu
- Virginia Tech, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA, USA
| | - J Patel
- United States Department of Agriculture, Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
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48
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Konstantinova T, Rameau JD, Reid AH, Abdurazakov O, Wu L, Li R, Shen X, Gu G, Huang Y, Rettig L, Avigo I, Ligges M, Freericks JK, Kemper AF, Dürr HA, Bovensiepen U, Johnson PD, Wang X, Zhu Y. Nonequilibrium electron and lattice dynamics of strongly correlated Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ single crystals. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaap7427. [PMID: 29719862 PMCID: PMC5922801 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between the electronic and lattice degrees of freedom in nonequilibrium states of strongly correlated systems has been debated for decades. Although progress has been made in establishing a hierarchy of electronic interactions with the use of time-resolved techniques, the role of the phonons often remains in dispute, a situation highlighting the need for tools that directly probe the lattice. We present the first combined megaelectron volt ultrafast electron diffraction and time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. Quantitative analysis of the lattice and electron subsystems' dynamics provides a unified picture of nonequilibrium electron-phonon interactions in the cuprates beyond the N-temperature model. The work provides new insights on the specific phonon branches involved in the nonequilibrium heat dissipation from the high-energy Cu-O bond stretching "hot" phonons to the lowest-energy acoustic phonons with correlated atomic motion along the <110> crystal directions and their characteristic time scales. It reveals a highly nonthermal phonon population during the first several picoseconds after the photoexcitation. The approach, taking advantage of the distinct nature of electrons and photons as probes, is applicable for studying energy relaxation in other strongly correlated electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Konstantinova
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Alexander H. Reid
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Lijun Wu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Renkai Li
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Yuan Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Laurenz Rettig
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47048, Germany
| | - Isabella Avigo
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47048, Germany
| | - Manuel Ligges
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47048, Germany
| | | | - Alexander F. Kemper
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Hermann A. Dürr
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bovensiepen
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47048, Germany
| | | | - Xijie Wang
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yimei Zhu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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49
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Gu G, Piyarathna B, Coarfa C, Ellis L, Ando' S, Fuqua S. Abstract P1-02-03: The Y537S ESR1 mutation carries unique metabolomics profiling in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-02-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Estrogen receptor (ESR1) mutations occur at a high frequency in metastatic breast tumors in patients treated with hormonal therapy in the metastatic setting. We do not know if these mutations changed metabolomics and whether these metabolomics change could affect metastasis.
Experimental design and methods:
We generated ESR1 Y537S homozygous mutations using CRISPR Casp-9 technology. Globe metabolites screening was performed using 6550 Agilent QTOF instrument. Athymic mice were used in tumor xenograft studies. Affymetrix microarrays were performed to compare gene expression changes in Y537S mutant compared with parental cells. Enriched metabolite pathways and gene expression integrated analysis was analyzed by using online analysis tool http://www.metaboanalyst.ca.
Results:
We generated CRISPR ESR1 Y537S mutation homozygous knock-in clones in MCF-7 cells. In vivo experiments revealed that mutant cells are dominant drivers of metastasis. Transcriptome profiling revealed elevated expression of Hallmark pathways, including EMT and estrogen-regulated gene expression. We performed globe metabolites screening using MCF-7 Y537S and MCF-7 parental and identified 134 metabolites. Serum starvation media was used and estrogen was used as control for both cell lines. As we expected estrogen treatment induced metabolites changes in parental cells. However, metabolites in mutant cells were not changed significantly under estrogen treatment. Interestingly, metabolites in the mutant cells at baseline were remarkably upregulated (78 out of 134 identified total metabolites) indicating mutant cells in serum starvation condition had significantly different metabolomics compared with parental cells. Top upregulated pathways include protein biosynthesis, betaine metabolism and ammonia recycling. Integration of microarray gene expression and metabolites reviewed several metabolomics pathways significantly changed in mutant compared with parental cells including for example aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
Conclusion: The Y537S ER mutation is a driver of distant metastasis in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Y537S ER mutant had globe changes of metabolites expression which was confirmed by integrated analysis combining microarray gene expression. The roles of these metabolites need to be studied to correlate with metastasis. Enzymes responsible for converting these metabolites changes could be served as potential therapeutic targets.
Citation Format: Gu G, Piyarathna B, Coarfa C, Ellis L, Ando' S, Fuqua S. The Y537S ESR1 mutation carries unique metabolomics profiling in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
| | - B Piyarathna
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
| | - C Coarfa
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
| | - L Ellis
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
| | - S Ando'
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
| | - S Fuqua
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; UC-Irvine and the Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center University of California, Long Beach, CA; University of Calabria, Rende, Calabria, Italy
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50
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Zhao J, Yu Z, Hu Q, Wang Y, Schneeloch J, Li C, Zhong R, Wang Y, Liu Z, Gu G. Structural phase transitions of (Bi 1-xSb x) 2(Te 1-ySe y) 3 compounds under high pressure and the influence of the atomic radius on the compression processes of tetradymites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:2207-2216. [PMID: 28054052 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07324g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, A2B3-type tetradymites have developed into a hot topic in physical and material research fields, where the A and B atoms represent V and VI group elements, respectively. In this study, in situ angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on Bi2Te2Se, BiSbTeSe2, and Sb2Te2Se tetradymites under high pressure. Bi2Te2Se transforms from a layered rhombohedral structure (phase I) into 7-fold monoclinic (phase II) and body-centered tetragonal (phase IV) structures at about 8.0 and 14.3 GPa, respectively, without an 8-fold monoclinic structure (phase III) similar to that in Bi2Te3. Thus, the compression behavior of Bi2Te2Se is the same as that of Bi2Se3, which could also be obtained from first-principles calculations and in situ high-pressure electrical resistance measurements. Under high pressure, BiSbTeSe2 and Sb2Te2Se undergo similar structural phase transitions to Bi2Te2Se, which indicates that the compression process of tellurides can be modulated by doping Se in Te sites. According to these high-pressure investigations of A2B3-type tetradymites, the decrease of the B-site atomic radius shrinks the stable pressure range of phase III and expands that of phase II, whereas the decrease of the A-site atomic radius induces a different effect, i.e. expanding the stable pressure range of phase III and shrinking that of phase II. The influence of the atomic radius on the compression process of tetradymites is closely related to the chemical composition and the atom arrangement in the quintuple layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggeng Zhao
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. and Natural Science Research Center, Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China and Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Chunyu Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China. and Natural Science Research Center, Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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