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Han S, Elnar AG, Lim C, Kim GB. Complete genome sequence of bacteriocin-producing Ligilactobacillus salivarius B4311 isolated from fecal samples of broiler chicken with anti-listeria activity. J Anim Sci Technol 2024; 66:232-236. [PMID: 38618026 PMCID: PMC11007469 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Ligilactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive lactobacilli commonly found in the intestinal tracts of vertebrates. It has been granted a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) status from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). One specific strain, Ligilactobacillus salivarius B4311, was isolated from fecal samples of broiler chickens from a farm associated with Chung-Ang University (Anseong, Korea). This strain was observed to have inhibitory effects against Listeria monocytogenes. In this paper, we present the complete genome sequence of Lig. salivarius B4311. The whole genome of strain B4311 comprises 2,071,255 bp assembled into 3 contigs representing a chromosome, repA-type megaplasmid, and small plasmid. The genome contains 1,963 protein-coding sequences, 22 rRNA genes, and 78 tRNA genes, with a guanine + cytosine (GC) content of 33.1%. The megaplasmid of strain B4311 was found to contain the bacteriocin gene cluster for salivaricin P, a two-peptide bacteriocin belonging to class IIb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Han
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Arxel G. Elnar
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Chiwoong Lim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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2
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Lee GY, Lee SI, Park JH, Kim SD, Kim GB, Yang SJ. Detection and characterization of potential virulence determinants in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi strains isolated from canine otitis externa in Korea. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e85. [PMID: 38031521 PMCID: PMC10694376 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent increase in the occurrence of canine skin and soft tissue infections, including otitis externa and pyoderma, caused by antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi has become a significant public and veterinary health issues. OBJECTIVE We investigated the virulence potentials associated with the occurrence of canine otitis externa in S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi. METHODS In this study, the prevalence of genes encoding leukocidins, exfoliative toxins, and staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) was investigated using previously characterized S. pseudintermedius (n = 26) and S. schleiferi (n = 19) isolates derived from canine otitis externa. Susceptibility to cathelicidins (K9CATH and PMAP-36) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was also examined in both staphylococcal species. RESULTS A high prevalence of genes encoding leukocidins (lukS/F-I, lukS1/F1-S, and lukS2/F2-S), exfoliative toxins (siet, expB, and sset), and SEs was identified in both S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi isolates. Notably, S. pseudintermedius isolates possessed higher number of SE genes, especially newer SE genes, than S. schleiferi isolates harboring egc clusters. Although no significant differences in susceptibility to K9CATH and H2O2 were observed between the two isolate groups, S. pseudintermedius isolates exhibited enhanced resistance to PMAP-36 compared to S. schleiferi isolates. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that high a prevalence of various toxin genes together with enhanced resistance to cathelicidins may contribute to the pathogenicity of S. pseudintermedius and S. schleiferi in canine cutaneous infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Yong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Ji Heon Park
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Do Kim
- School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Park JH, Lee GY, Lim JH, Kim GB, Park KT, Yang SJ. Species Profiles and Antimicrobial Resistance of Non- aureus Staphylococci Isolated from Healthy Broilers, Farm Environments, and Farm Workers. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:792-804. [PMID: 37701746 PMCID: PMC10493561 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), particularly antimicrobial-resistant NAS, have a substantial impact on human and animal health. In the current study, we investigated (1) the species profiles of NAS isolates collected from healthy broilers, farm environments, and farm workers in Korea, (2) the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant NAS isolates, especially methicillin resistance, and (3) the genetic factors involved in the methicillin and fluoroquinolone resistance. In total, 216 NAS isolates of 16 different species were collected from healthy broilers (n=178), broiler farm environments (n=18), and farm workers (n=20) of 20 different broiler farms. The two most dominant broiler-associated NAS species were Staphylococcus agnetis (23.6%) and Staphylococcus xylosus (22.9%). Six NAS isolates were mecA-positive carrying staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) II (n=1), SCCmec IV (n=1), SCCmec V (n=2), or non-typeable SCCmec element (n=2). While two mecA-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from farm workers had SCCmec II and IV, a mecA-positive S. epidermidis isolate from broiler and a Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolate farm environment carried SCCmec V. The occurrence of multidrug resistance was observed in 48.1% (104/216 isolates) of NAS isolates with high resistance rates to β-lactams (>40%) and fusidic acid (59.7%). Fluoroquinolone resistance was confirmed in 59 NAS isolates (27.3%), and diverse mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE were identified. These findings suggest that NAS in broiler farms may have a potential role in the acquisition, amplification, and transmission of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Heon Park
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gi Yong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lim
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Kun Taek Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje
University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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4
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Yoon SH, Kim GB. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes in Fresh Cheese Using a Bacteriocin-Producing Lactococcus lactis CAU2013 Strain. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:1009-1019. [PMID: 36415575 PMCID: PMC9647177 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biocontrol of foodborne pathogens has become a concern in the food industry, owing to safety issues. Listeria monocytogenes is one of the foodborne pathogens that causes listeriosis. The major concern in the control of L. monocytogenes is its viability as it can survive in a wide range of environments. The purpose of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria with antimicrobial activity, evaluate their applicability as a cheese starter, and evaluate their inhibitory effects on L. monocytogenes. Lactococcus lactis strain with antibacterial activity was isolated from raw milk. The isolated strain was a low acidifier, making it a suitable candidate as an adjunct starter culture. The commercial starter culture TCC-3 was used as a primary starter in this study. Fresh cheese was produced using TCC-3 and L. lactis CAU2013 at a laboratory scale. Growth of L. monocytogenes (5 Log CFU/g) in the cheese inoculated with it was monitored during the storage at 4°C and 10°C for 5 days. The count of L. monocytogenes was 1 Log unit lower in the cheese produced using the lactic acid bacteria strain compared to that in the cheese produced using the commercial starter. The use of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria as a starter culture efficiently inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes. Therefore, L. lactis can be used as a protective adjunct starter culture for cheese production and can improve the safety of the product leading to an increase in its shelf-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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5
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Kim SD, Kim GB, Lee GY, Yang SJ. Multilocus sequence type-dependent activity of human and animal cathelicidins against community-, hospital-, and livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. J Anim Sci Technol 2022; 64:515-530. [PMID: 35709124 PMCID: PMC9184701 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sequence type (ST) 5 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) with staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec)
type II (ST5-MRSA-II) and ST72-MRSA-IV represent the most significant genotypes
for healthcare- (HA) and community-associated (CA) MRSA in Korea, respectively.
In addition to the human-type MRSA strains, the prevalence of
livestock-associated (LA) MRSA clonal lineages, such as ST541 and ST398
LA-MRSA-V in pigs and ST692 LA-MRSA-V and ST188 LA-MRSA-IV in chickens, has
recently been found. In this study, clonotype-specific resistance profiles to
cathelicidins derived from humans (LL-37), pigs (PMAP-36), and chickens (CATH-2)
were examined using six different ST groups of MRSA strains: ST5 HA-MRSA-II,
ST72 CA-MRSA-IV, ST398 LA-MRSA-V, ST541 LA-MRSA-V, ST188 LA-MRSA-IV, and ST692
LA-MRSA-V. Phenotypic characteristics often involved in cathelicidin resistance,
such as net surface positive charge, carotenoid production, and hydrogen
peroxide susceptibility were also determined in the MRSA strains. Human- and
animal-type MRSA strains exhibited clonotype-specific resistance profiles to
LL-37, PMAP-36, or CATH-2, indicating the potential role of cathelicidin
resistance in the adaptation and colonization of human and animal hosts. The ST5
HA-MRSA isolates showed enhanced resistance to all three cathelicidins and
hydrogen peroxide than ST72 CA-MRSA isolates by implementing increased surface
positive charge and carotenoid production. In contrast, LA-MRSA strains employed
mechanisms independent of surface charge regulation and carotenoid production
for cathelicidin resistance. These results suggest that human- and
livestock-derived MRSA strains use different strategies to counteract the
bactericidal action of cathelicidins during the colonization of their respective
host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Do Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Gi Yong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author: Soo-Jin Yang, Department of
Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute
for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. Tel:
+82-2-880-1185, E-mail:
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6
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Song D, Lee HB, Kim GB, Kang SS. Whey fermented by Enterococcus faecalis M157 exhibits antiinflammatory and antibiofilm activities against oral pathogenic bacteria. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:1900-1912. [PMID: 35086699 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiinflammatory and antibiofilm effects of whey fermented by Enterococcus faecalis M157 (M157-W) against oral pathogenic bacteria. The M157-W significantly inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, and nitric oxide induced by the lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis in RAW 264.7 cells. The M157-W also inhibited the production of IL-1β and IL-8 in human periodontal ligament cells. Treatment with M157-W suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases as well as the activation of nuclear factor-κB in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, M157-W dose-dependently inhibited Streptococcus mutans biofilm, whereas unfermented whey did not inhibit the biofilm. Treatment with M157-W significantly suppressed gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD gene expression in S. mutans compared with the control (0 μg/mL), indicating that M157-W inhibits S. mutans biofilm formation by reducing the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances. Collectively, these results suggest that M157-W has antiinflammatory and antibiofilm activities against oral pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahyun Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Seong Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Lee GY, Kim GB, Yang SJ. Co-occurrence of cfr-mediated linezolid-resistance in ST398 LA-MRSA and non-aureus staphylococci isolated from a pig farm. Vet Microbiol 2022; 266:109336. [PMID: 35038636 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Linezolid resistance, mediated by the cfr gene, which confers resistant phenotypes to phenicols, lincosamides, oxazolidinones, pleuromutilins, and streptogramin A antimicrobials, has emerged in S. aureus and non-aureus staphylococci (NAS). Moreover, due to the transferable potential via plasmids, the spread of cfr among staphylococci is of great concern. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of cfr-mediated linezolid resistance in ST398 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and NAS strains isolated from a pig farm. Among the 26 staphylococci isolates collected from a pig farm, 14 cfr-harboring ST398 MRSA and NAS (S. epidermidis, S. pasteuri, S. cohnii, and S. rostri) strains were resistant to linezolid and also carried the fexA gene. Comparative genome analysis of cfr-carrying linezolid-resistant ST398 MRSA and NAS (S. pasteuri, S. cohnii, and S. epidermidis) strains revealed that the segments harboring cfr in different staphylococcal strains showed ≥ 99 % sequence identity and the corresponding region containing the cfr, fexA, and Tn558 elements were located in a 38-kb plasmid, designated pSA12 of ST398 MRSA. These observations indicate that the cfr-carrying plasmids and/or fragments may be disseminated among staphylococci in a pig farm and possibly transmitted to staphylococci of human origin, subsequently posing a threat to public health. This is the first report of the co-existence of cfr in linezolid-resistant ST398 MRSA and NAS isolated from a pig farm in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Yong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Yang YJ, Lee GY, Kim SD, Park JH, Lee SI, Kim GB, Yang SJ. Profiles of Non-aureus staphylococci in retail pork and
slaughterhouse carcasses: prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic
determinant of fusidic acid resistance. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:225-239. [PMID: 35310565 PMCID: PMC8907790 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2021.e74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As commensal colonizers in livestock, there has been little attention on
staphylococci, especially non-aureus staphylococci (NAS),
contaminating meat production chain. To assess prevalence of staphylococci in
retail pork and slaughterhouse carcass samples in Korea, we collected 578
samples from Korean slaughterhouses (n=311) and retail markets
(n=267) for isolation of staphylococci and determined antimicrobial
resistance phenotypes in all the isolates. The presence of and prevalence of
fusB-family genes (fusB,
fusC, fusD, and fusF) and
mutations in fusA genes were examined in fusidic acid resistant
isolates. A total of 47 staphylococcal isolates of 4 different species
(Staphylococcus aureus, n=4; S.
hyicus, n=1; S. epidermidis, n=10;
Mammaliicoccus sciuri, n=32) were isolated. Fusidic
acid resistance were confirmed in 9/10 S. epidermidis and all
of the 32 M. sciuri (previously S. sciuri)
isolates. Acquired fusidic acid resistance genes were detected in all the
resistant strains; fusB and fusC in S.
epidermidis and fusB/C in M.
sciuri. Multi-locus sequence type analysis revealed that ST63
(n=10, 31%) and ST30 (n=8, 25%) genotypes were most
prevalent among fusidic acid resistant M. sciuri isolates. In
conclusion, the high prevalence of fusB-family genes in
S. epidermidis and M. sciuri strains
isolated from pork indicated that NAS might act as a reservoir for fusidic acid
resistance gene transmissions in pork production chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gi Yong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sun Do Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Ji Heon Park
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary
Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author : Soo-Jin
Yang, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and
Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul
08826, Korea, Tel: +82-2-880-1185, Fax: +82-2-885-0263, E-mail:
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Elnar AG, Kim GB. Complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens B20, a bacteriocin-producing pathogen. J Anim Sci Technol 2021; 63:1468-1472. [PMID: 34957460 PMCID: PMC8672250 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens B20 was isolated from chicken feces collected from a local farm associated with Chung-Ang University (Anseong, Korea). The whole genome of C. perfringens B20 was sequenced using the PacBio RS II platform and assembled de novo. The genome is 2,982,563 bp long and assembled in two contigs. Annotation analyses revealed 2,668 protein-coding sequences, 30 rRNA genes, and 94 tRNA genes, with 28.2% G + C (guanine + cytosine) content. In silico genomic analysis revealed the presence of genes encoding a class IId bacteriocin, lactococcin A, and associated ABC transporter and immunity proteins, as well as a putative bacteriocin gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arxel G Elnar
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Kim J, Yang SI, Moon H, Hong J, Hong J, Choi W, Son H, Lee BC, Kim GB, Kim Y. Potential release of nano-carbon black from tire-wear particles through the weathering effect. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Jo H, Kim G, Chang J, Lee K, Lee C, Lee B. Chronic Exposure to Lead and Cadmium in Residents Living Near a Zinc Smelter. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18041731. [PMID: 33579011 PMCID: PMC7916774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to measure lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposure levels in residents living near a zinc (Zn) smelter in Seokpo-myeon, Bonghwa-gun, South Korea, and identify factors affecting exposure. Residents aged ≥20 years living within 3 km and ≥30 km away from the smelter were classified as the exposure group (n = 549), and the control group (n = 265), respectively. Data were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Blood Pb levels in the exposure group (4.19 µg/dL) were higher than in the control group (2.70 µg/dL). The exposure group (1.32 µg/L) also had higher urinary Cd concentrations than the control group (0.80 µg/L). Male sex, older age, previous work at the smelter, smoking, and proximity to the smelter were associated with higher blood Pb levels on multivariate analysis; urinary Cd concentration was significantly higher in women, those who were older, those with experience of working in a Zn smelter or mine, those with proximity to the Zn smelter, and those who consumed locally grown vegetables. In conclusion, Zn smelters are major source of Pb and Cd pollution and require ongoing public health management to prevent potential adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeJeong Jo
- Environmental Health Research Department, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (H.J.); (G.K.); (J.C.); (C.L.)
| | - GeunBae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (H.J.); (G.K.); (J.C.); (C.L.)
| | - JunYoung Chang
- Environmental Health Research Department, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (H.J.); (G.K.); (J.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Kwan Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dongguk University, Kyungju 38066, Korea;
| | - ChulWoo Lee
- Environmental Health Research Department, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (H.J.); (G.K.); (J.C.); (C.L.)
| | - BoEun Lee
- Environmental Health Research Department, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea; (H.J.); (G.K.); (J.C.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Hong J, Moon H, Kim J, Lee BC, Kim GB, Lee H, Kim Y. Differentiation of carbon black from black carbon using a ternary plot based on elemental analysis. Chemosphere 2021; 264:128511. [PMID: 33032213 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black (CB) is composed of engineered nanoparticles that are commercially produced by partial combustion of hydrocarbons. It is mainly used as a reinforcing agent in vehicle tires. Although the potential health effects of CB have been investigated extensively, some toxicological reports interchange CB with black carbon (BC), which has similar features, thereby misusing the term. BC is an undesirable byproduct of the incomplete combustion of fuels. Therefore, there is a need to differentiate CB from the unintentionally produced nanomaterials (BC) in nano-toxicity, environmental, and human health studies. To distinguish clearly CB from BC, it is important to find the key parameters from several characteristics of two substances. The fundamental physicochemical properties of commercial CB and naturally formed BC were conducted. Based on the elemental analysis, we found three key factors, which could be used to differentiate the CB from BC. And thus, herein, we propose a ternary plot of the aH/C-log(C/b)-1/H combination for use in differentiating CB from BC. The plot of the 100H/C-log(C/10)-1/H combination of elemental ratios separated the CB domain from the BC domain symmetrically. The effectiveness of the ternary chart was validated using 37 samples (nine samples in this work, 25 sample results taken from references studies, and three samples from the field). Therefore, the ternary plot could be used as a prescreening tool for distinguishing CB from BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
| | - Haejoo Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
| | - Jisue Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
| | - Byung-Cheun Lee
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22733, South Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22733, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Risk Assessment Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22733, South Korea
| | - Younghun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea.
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13
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Friedrich S, Kim GB, Bray C, Cantor R, Dilling J, Fretwell S, Hall JA, Lennarz A, Lordi V, Machule P, McKeen D, Mougeot X, Ponce F, Ruiz C, Samanta A, Warburton WK, Leach KG. Limits on the Existence of sub-MeV Sterile Neutrinos from the Decay of ^{7}Be in Superconducting Quantum Sensors. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:021803. [PMID: 33512206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.021803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sterile neutrinos are natural extensions to the standard model of particle physics and provide a possible portal to the dark sector. We report a new search for the existence of sub-MeV sterile neutrinos using the decay-momentum reconstruction technique in the decay of ^{7}Be. The experiment measures the total energy of the ^{7}Li daughter atom from the electron capture decay of ^{7}Be implanted into sensitive superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) quantum sensors. This first experiment presents data from a single STJ operated at a low count rate for a net total of 28 days, and provides exclusion limits on sterile neutrinos in the mass range from 100 to 850 keV that improve upon previous work by up to an order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Friedrich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G B Kim
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Bray
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - R Cantor
- STAR Cryoelectronics LLC, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, USA
| | - J Dilling
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - S Fretwell
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - J A Hall
- STAR Cryoelectronics LLC, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, USA
| | - A Lennarz
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - V Lordi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - P Machule
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - D McKeen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - X Mougeot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNE-LNHB), F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - F Ponce
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - C Ruiz
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - A Samanta
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | | | - K G Leach
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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14
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Fretwell S, Leach KG, Bray C, Kim GB, Dilling J, Lennarz A, Mougeot X, Ponce F, Ruiz C, Stackhouse J, Friedrich S. Direct Measurement of the ^{7}Be L/K Capture Ratio in Ta-Based Superconducting Tunnel Junctions. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:032701. [PMID: 32745397 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.032701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-statistics measurement of the L/K orbital electron capture ratio in ^{7}Be embedded in cryogenic Ta. The thin Ta film formed part of a high-resolution superconducting tunnel junction radiation detector that was used to identify the signals from different decay channels. The measured L/K capture ratio of 0.070(7) is significantly larger than the only previous measurement of this quantity and the theoretical predictions that include in-medium effects. This value is a uniquely sensitive probe of the 1s and 2s orbital overlaps with the nucleus and is of relevance to nuclear and atomic physics, as well as Li production in novae and other astrophysical scenarios. This is the first experiment that uses superconducting tunnel junctions for nuclear-recoil detection, opening a new experimental avenue for low-energy precision measurements with rare isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fretwell
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - K G Leach
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - C Bray
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - G B Kim
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J Dilling
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - A Lennarz
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - X Mougeot
- CEA, LIST, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F Ponce
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - C Ruiz
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - J Stackhouse
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - S Friedrich
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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15
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Abstract
Strain CA7T, a Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, was isolated from raw cow's milk collected from a farm affiliated with Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea, and characterized by a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth of strain CA7T was observed on tryptic soy agar at 30 °C and pH 7.0 with 0 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain CA7T belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium. The most closely related strains (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated in parentheses), based on the phylogenetic analysis, were Chryseobacterium rhizosphaerae KCTC 22548T (98.08 %), Chryseobacterium nakagawai CCUG 60563T (98.61 %), Chryseobacterium jejuense KACC 12501T (97.85 %) and Chryseobacterium aurantiacum KCTC 62135T (97.78 %). Whole genome sequencing indicated that the genome size was 5 125 723 bp and had a DNA G+C content of 37.4 mol%. Average nucleotide identity values for strain CA7T with C. rhizosphaerae, C. nakagawai, C. jejuense, C. aurantiacum, and the type species of the genus Chryseobacterium, C. gleum, were 80.2, 79.8, 79.8, 79.6 and 80.4 %, respectively. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of CA7T compared to C. rhizosphaerae, C. nakagawai, C. jejuense, C. aurantiacum and C. gleum were 24.1, 23.9, 23.9, 23.7 and 24.3 %, respectively. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1 ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c). Menaquinone-6 was the only respiratory quinone. The major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain CA7T represents a novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium for which the name Chryseobacterium vaccae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CA7T (=KACC 21402T=JCM 33749T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Eun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Yong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hoon Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Sung Huh
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Eco-friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
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16
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Lee JE, Heo S, Kim GB. Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus hyointestinalis B19, a strain producing bacteriocin, isolated from chicken feces. J Anim Sci Technol 2020; 62:420-422. [PMID: 32568267 PMCID: PMC7288230 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.3.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus hyointestinalis B19 was isolated from chicken
feces collected from local farm in Anseong, Korea. S.
hyointestinalis B19 was shown to produce bacteriocin-like compounds
exhibiting inhibitory activities against several pathogens including strains of
Clostridium perfringens and Listeria
monocytogenes. The whole genome of S.
hyointestinalis B19 strain was sequenced using PacBio RS II
platform. The genome comprised four contigs with a size of 2,217,061 bp. The DNA
G + C content was found to be 42.95 mol%. Annotation results revealed 2,266
coding sequences (CDSs), 18 rRNAs, and 61 tRNA genes. Based on genome analysis,
we found that the strain B19 possessed various genes associated with bacteriocin
synthesis, modification, and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Eun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sunhak Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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17
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Abstract
A bacterial strain, designated B301T and isolated from raw chicken meat obtained from a local market in Korea, was characterized and identified using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were gram-negative, non-motile, obligate-aerobic coccobacilli that were catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The optimum growth conditions were 30°C, pH 7.0, and 0% NaCl in tryptic soy broth. Colonies were round, convex, smooth, and cream-colored on tryptic soy agar. Strain B301T has a genome size of 3,102,684 bp, with 2,840 protein-coding genes and 102 RNA genes. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that strain B301T belongs to the genus Acinetobacter and shares highest sequence similarity (97.12%) with A. celticus ANC 4603T and A. sichuanensis WCHAc060041T. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values for closely related species were below the cutoff values for species delineation (95-96% and 70%, respectively). The DNA G+C content of strain B301T was 37.0%. The major respiratory quinone was Q-9, and the cellular fatty acids were primarily summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c/C16:1 ω7c), C16:0, and C18:1 ω9c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidyl-glycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidyl-serine. The antimicrobial resistance profile of strain B301T revealed the absence of antibiotic-resistance genes. Susceptibility to a wide range of antimicrobials, including imipenem, minocycline, ampicillin, and tetracycline, was also observed. The results of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic analyses indicate that strain B301T represents a novel species of the genus Acinetobacter, for which the name Acinetobacter pullorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B301T (=KACC 21653T = JCM 33942T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arxel G. Elnar
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Eun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae-Hee Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Yong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-31-670-3027 Fax: +82-31-676-5986 E-mail:
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18
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Han RH, Lee JE, Yoon SH, Kim GB. Acinetobacter pullicarnis sp. nov. isolated from chicken meat. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:727-732. [PMID: 31792599 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, named S23T, was isolated from chicken meat of local market in Korea. Cells were Gram-negative, milky-yellow colored, non-motile and coccobacillus. The strain was obligate aerobic and catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, optimum growth temperature and pH were 25 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain S23T belongs to the genus Acinetobacter and is most closely related to Acinetobacter defluvii KCTC 52503 T (97.40%). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value between strain S23T and its closet phylogenetic neighbors was below 76% and 17%, respectively. The G + C content of genomic DNA of strain S23T was 41.53 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was Q-9. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c), C18:1ω9c, and C16:0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanol-amine, and phosphatidylserine. The ANI and dDDH results and results of the genotypic analysis in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data demonstrated that strain S23T represented a novel species within the genus Acinetobacter, for which the name Acinetobacter pullicarnis sp. nov. is proposed. The strain type is S23T (= KACC 19921 T = JCM 33150 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae-Hee Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Eun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain, designated CA10T, was isolated from bovine raw milk sampled in Anseong, Republic of Korea. Cells were yellow-pigmented, aerobic, non-motile bacilli and grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.0 on tryptic soy agar without supplementation of NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CA10T belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium, family Flavobacteriaceae, and was most closely related to Chryseobacterium indoltheticum ATCC 27950T (98.75 % similarity). The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain CA10T were 94.4 and 56.9 %, respectively, relative to Chryseobacterium scophthalmum DSM 16779T, being lower than the cut-off values of 95-96 and 70 %, respectively. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6; major polar lipid, phosphatidylethanolamine; major fatty acids, iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The results of physiological, chemotaxonomic and biochemical analyses suggested that strain CA10T is a novel species of genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium mulctrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CA10T (=KACC 21234T=JCM 33443T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Eun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae-Hee Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
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20
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Choi SH, Lee SH, Kim MG, Lee HJ, Kim GB. Lactobacillus plantarum CAU1055 ameliorates inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis animal model. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6718-6725. [PMID: 31155246 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for their anti-inflammatory activity by using RAW264.7 cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In all, 192 LAB strains were isolated from healthy human feces, of which 8 strains showed excellent nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity. Peptidoglycan extracts of these 8 LAB strains were subjected to NO assay, Western blot, and ELISA. Among the 8 tested strains, extracts of 4 strains significantly inhibited the production of NO, related enzyme activities such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2, and key cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. The 4 strains belonged to Lactobacillus (CAU1054, CAU1055, CAU1064, and CAU1301). Oral administration of the 4 strains inhibited DSS-induced body weight loss, colon shortening, and colon damage in ICR mice. The colon tissue of the mice treated with Lactobacillus plantarum strain CAU1055 had significantly reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6. We found that strain CAU1055 could be used as a candidate probiotic strain for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Further studies are warranted to confirm the mechanisms of interaction between peptidoglycan of L. plantarum strain CAU1055 and upstream cellular signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hae Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Min Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hong Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.
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21
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Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, non-motile, non-spore-forming, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated 17S1E7T, was isolated from the Han River, Republic of Korea, and characterized by polyphasic taxonomy analyses. Strain 17S1E7T grew optimally on tryptic soy agar at 37 °C and pH 7.0 in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain 17S1E7T belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium and was most closely related to Chryseobacterium culicis DSM 23031T (98.54 %). The average nucleotide identity value of strain 17S1E7T was 91.1 % to Chryseobacterium culicis DSM 23031T, which was lower than the cut-off of 95-96 %. The DNA G+C content of strain 17S1E7T was 37.4 mol%. Flexirubin-type pigments were produced. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 6. The major fatty acids of strain 17S1E7T were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The predominant polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on polyphasic taxonomy data, strain 17S1E7T represents a novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium aureum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 17S1E7T (=KACC 19920T=JCM 33165T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Eun Lee
- 1Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Hwang
- 2Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jun Cha
- 2Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- 1Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
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22
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Adam GO, Lee HR, Lee SJ, Kim SJ, Kim GB, Kang HS. Effects of acute lipopolysaccharide-induced toxemia model on some neglected blood parameters. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 21:665-671. [PMID: 30605278 DOI: 10.24425/124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in blood induces an inflammatory response which leads to multiple organ dysfunction and numerous metabolic disorders. Uncontrolled, improper or late intervention may lead to tissue hypoxia, anaerobic glycolysis and a disturbance in the acid -base balance. The effects of LPS-induced toxemia on biological and immunological markers were well studied. However, parameters such as base excess, ions, and acid-base balance were not fully investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine these blood parameters collectively in LPS-induced inflammatory toxemia in rat's model. After induction of toxemia by injecting LPS at a rate of 5 mg/kg body weight intravenously, blood was collected from the tail vein of twenty rats and immediately analyzed. After 24 hours, the animals were sacrificed and the blood was collected from the caudal vena cava. The results revealed that the levels of pH, bicar- bonate, partial pressure of oxygen, oxygen saturation, Alveolar oxygen, hemoglobin, hematocrit, magnesium (Mg2+), and calcium (Ca2+) were significantly decreased. On the other side, the levels of Base excess blood, Base excess extracellular fluid, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, lactate, Ca2+/Mg2+, potassium, and chloride were significantly increased compared to those found pre toxemia induction. However, sodium level showed no significant change. In conclusion, Acute LPS-toxemia model disturbs acid-base balance, blood gases, and ions. These parameters can be used to monitor human and animal toxemic inflammatory response induced by bacterial LPS conditions to assist in the management of the diagnosed cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Adam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box No. 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - H R Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju Center, Deokjingu, Jeonjusi, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - G B Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
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23
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Hong Y, Truong AD, Lee J, Lee K, Kim GB, Heo KN, Lillehoj HS, Hong YH. Identification of duck liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 and characterization of its bactericidal activity. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018; 32:1052-1061. [PMID: 30381731 PMCID: PMC6601062 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to identify duck liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) and demonstrate its antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. Methods Tissue samples were collected from 6 to 8-week-old Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), total RNA was extracted, and cDNA was synthesized. To confirm the duck LEAP-2 transcript expression levels, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted. Two kinds of peptides (a linear peptide and a disulfide-type peptide) were synthesized to compare the antimicrobial activity. Then, antimicrobial activity assay and fluorescence microscopic analysis were conducted to demonstrate duck LEAP-2 bactericidal activity. Results The duck LEAP-2 peptide sequence showed high identity with those of other avian species (>85%), as well as more than 55% of identity with mammalian sequences. LEAP-2 mRNA was highly expressed in the liver with duodenum next, and then followed by lung, spleen, bursa and jejunum and was the lowest in the muscle. Both of LEAP-2 peptides efficiently killed bacteria, although the disulfide-type LEAP-2 showed more powerful bactericidal activity. Also, gram-positive bacteria was more susceptible to duck LEAP-2 than gram-negative bacteria. Using microscopy, we confirmed that LEAP-2 peptides could kill bacteria by disrupting the bacterial cell envelope. Conclusion Duck LEAP-2 showed its antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Disulfide bonds were important for the powerful killing effect by disrupting the bacterial cell envelope. Therefore, duck LEAP-2 can be used for effective antibiotics alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojin Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Anh Duc Truong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Dong Da, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Janggeun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Kyungbaek Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Kang-Nyeong Heo
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Yeong Ho Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Choi SH, Lee KM, Kim KH, Kim GB. Development of a Rapid Method for the Screening of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)-Producing Strains of Bifidobacterium breve. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2018; 38:806-815. [PMID: 30206439 PMCID: PMC6131384 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to isolate some strains of Bifidobacteriumbreve from fecal materials of neonates and to screen them for the biotransformation activity of converting linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Fecal samples were collected from twenty healthy neonates between 14 and 100 days old, and four hundred colonies were randomly selected from a Bifidobacterium selective transoligosaccharide medium. A duplex polymerase chain reaction technique was developed for the rapid and accurate molecular characterization of the B. breve strains that have been reported to show the species-specific characteristic of CLA production. They are identified by 16S ribosomal DNA, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase encoding genes (xfp), and rapid pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Thirty-six isolates were identified as B. breve, and just two of the 12 neonates were harboring B. breve strains. Each isolate showed different CLA-producing ability in the spectrophotometric assay. All of the positive strains from the primary spectrophotometric assay were confirmed for their CLA-producing activities using gas-chromatographic analysis, and their conversion rates were different, depending on the strain isolated in this study. Some strains of B. breve were successfully isolated and characterized based on the CLA-producing activity, and further studies are necessary to characterize the enzyme and the gene responsible for the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang
University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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25
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Lee K, Choi JH, Lee S, Park HJ, Oh YJ, Kim GB, Lee WS, Son BS. Indoor levels of volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde from emission sources at elderly care centers in Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197495. [PMID: 29879122 PMCID: PMC5991643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to characterize indoor and outdoor levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde (HCHO) and identify indoor emission sources in thirty elderly care centers (ECCs) located in the Seoul metropolitan city and Gyeonggi province in Korea. Air monitoring samples from indoor and outdoor environments were collected from January to December in 2007. Statistical analyses of indoor and outdoor VOCs and HCHO levels in three rooms (a bedroom, living, and dining rooms) of each ECC were performed, and these were compared to identify environmental factors associated with an increase of indoor pollution levels. Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) levels were significantly (p<0.05) different between indoor (230.7±1.7 μg/m3) and outdoor (137.8±1.9 μg/m3) environments, with an I/O ratio of 1.67. The indoor HCHO level (20.1±1.6 μg/m3) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than the outdoor level (8.1±1.9 μg/m3), with an I/O ratio of 2.48. Indoor VOCs and HCHO levels in the bedrooms were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in the living and dining rooms. Furthermore, indoor levels of VOCs and HCHO at ECCs were significantly (p<0.05) different depending on environmental factors such as the use of carpet, paint, and wooden furniture. In multiple regression analysis, indoor VOCs and HCHO levels at ECCs were significantly (p<0.05) correlated with two micro-environmental factors: the use of carpet and paint. This study confirmed that indoor VOCs and HCHO levels were significantly higher than those in outdoor environments. These air pollutants were mainly emitted from indoor sources, such as carpet, paint, and construction materials at the ECCs in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungho Lee
- Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Lee
- Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Park
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Oh
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Seok Lee
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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26
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Hong E, Lee S, Kim GB, Kim TJ, Kim HW, Lee K, Son BS. Effects of Environmental Air Pollution on Pulmonary Function Level of Residents in Korean Industrial Complexes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15050834. [PMID: 29695054 PMCID: PMC5981873 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to identify environmental air pollution adversely affecting pulmonary function among a community-based general population living in Korean industrial complexes. A total of 1963 residents participated in a pulmonary function test (PFT). The sample population consisted of an exposed group (n = 1487) living within a radius of 5 km of industrial complexes and a control group (n = 476) living over a radius of 10 km from the industrial complexes in Gwangyang and Yeosu cities. PFT results were calculated for each resident of the study population. On-site questionnaire surveys with face-to-face interviews were also conducted to collect more detailed information on personal lifestyles, medical history, exposure to air pollution, and respiratory disease and related symptoms. A total of 486 measured samples were collected by eight automated air-monitoring stations installed in four counties of Gwangyang and four counties of Yeosu in South Korea from January 2006 to February 2007. Mean levels of SO2 (0.012 ppm), CO (0.648 ppm), NO2 (0.02 ppm), O3 (0.034 ppm), and PM10 (43.07 μg/m3), collected within a radius of 5 km, were significantly higher than those collected over a radius of 10 km from Gwangyang and Yeosu industrial complexes. Prevalence odds ratio (OR) of abnormal pulmonary function in the exposed group of residents (<5 km) was elevated at 1.24 (95% CI 0.71–1.96), but not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In multiple linear regression analysis, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) levels significantly declined as SO2, CO, and O3 levels increased when adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alcohol, smoking, secondhand smoke, and respiratory disease and related symptoms (n = 1963) (p < 0.05). These results suggest that exposure to air pollution affects pulmonary function levels of residents living in Korean industrial complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Hong
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Natural Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan City, Chungnam 31538, Korea.
| | - Seokwon Lee
- Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., 1 Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwaseong City, Gyeonggi-do 18448, Korea.
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon City 22689, Korea.
| | - Tae-Jong Kim
- World Vertex Corp., ACE bldg., 401m 179, Baumoe-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06744, Korea.
| | - Hyoung-Wook Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Natural Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan City, Chungnam 31538, Korea.
| | - Kyoungho Lee
- Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., 1 Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwaseong City, Gyeonggi-do 18448, Korea.
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Natural Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan City, Chungnam 31538, Korea.
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Shuai J, Kim S, Ryu H, Park J, Lee CK, Kim GB, Ultra VU, Yang W. Health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds exposure near Daegu dyeing industrial complex in South Korea. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:528. [PMID: 29678134 PMCID: PMC5910572 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying human health in areas with industrial contamination is a serious and complex issue. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the health implications of large industrial complexes. A variety of potential toxic chemicals have been produced during manufacturing processes and activities in industrial complexes in South Korea. A large number of dyeing industries gathered together in Daegu dyeing industrial complex. The residents near the industrial complex could be often exposed to volatile organic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate VOCs levels in the ambient air of DDIC, to assess the impact on human health risks, and to find more convincing evidences to prove these VOCs emitted from DDIC. METHODS According to deterministic risk assessment, inhalation was the most important route. Residential indoor, outdoor and personal exposure air VOCs were measured by passive samplers in exposed area and controlled area in different seasons. Satisfaction with ambient environments and self-reported diseases were also obtained by questionnaire survey. The VOCs concentrations in exposed area and controlled area was compared by t-test. The relationships among every VOC were tested by correlation. The values of hazard quotient (HQ) and life cancer risk were estimated. RESULTS The concentrations of measured VOCs were presented, moreover, the variety of concentrations according the distances from the residential settings to the industrial complex site in exposed area. The residential indoor, outdoor, and personal exposure concentrations of toluene, DMF and chloroform in exposed area were significantly higher than the corresponding concentrations in controlled area both in summer and autumn. Toluene, DMF, chloroform and MEK had significantly positive correlations with each other in indoor and outdoor, and even in personal exposure. The HQ for DMF exceeded 1, and the life cancer risk of chloroform was greater than 10- 4 in exposed area. The prevalence of respiratory diseases, anaphylactic diseases and cardiovascular diseases in exposed area were significantly higher than in controlled area. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that adverse cancer and non-cancer health effects may occur by VOCs emitted from DDIC, and some risk managements are needed. Moreover, this study provides a convenient preliminarily method for pollutants source characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Shuai
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea.,College of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sunshin Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Hazardous Gas Exposure, Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea
| | - Hyeonsu Ryu
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Park
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea
| | - Chae Kwan Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Seo-gu, South Korea
| | - Venecio U Ultra
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Wonho Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea.
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Heo S, Kim MG, Kwon M, Lee HS, Kim GB. Inhibition of Clostridium perfringens using Bacteriophages and Bacteriocin Producing Strains. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2018; 38:88-98. [PMID: 29725227 PMCID: PMC5932972 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.38.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we isolated and characterized a bacteriocin-producing strain and two bacteriophages (P4, A3), showing antimicrobial effects against Clostridium perfringens, from chicken and swine feces by the spot-on-the lawn antagonism method. The selected strain was identified as Streptococcus hyointestinalis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bacteriocin from the isolated strain exhibited strong inhibitory activity against four strains of C. perfringens and all the tested strains of Listeria monocytogenes, and the bacteriocin were highly heat- and pH-stable even at pH 2, pH 10 and 121℃ for 15 min. We also evaluated the combined effects of the isolated bacteriocin and phages. Combining the phage treatments and bacteriocin resulted in a synergetic effect compared with the phage or the bacteriocin alone. In addition, during the probiotic test, the bacteriocin-producing S. hyointestinalis B19 strain reduced the population of C. perfringens significantly. Treatment with S. hyointestinalis B19 and a cocktail of lytic bacteriophages eradicated the C. perfringens KCTC 3269T, completely. Consequently, the isolated bacteriocin and bacteriophages represent candidates for effective biocontrol of C. perfringens, and bacteriocin-producing S. hyointestinalis B19 is a potential probiotic candidate for use in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhak Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Min Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Mirae Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hee Soo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Bang JH, Oh I, Kim S, You S, Kim Y, Kwon HJ, Kim GB. Modeling the effects of pollutant emissions from large industrial complexes on benzene, toluene, and xylene concentrations in urban areas. Environ Health Toxicol 2017; 32:e2017022. [PMID: 29161803 PMCID: PMC5825684 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2017022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized the Community Multiscale Air Quality model to simulate the spatial distribution of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) concentrations from large national industrial complexes (IC) located in the Ulsan metropolitan region (UMR). Through controlling pollutant emissions from major IC, this study performed a quantitative analysis of the influence of pollutant emissions on BTX concentrations in surrounding urban areas. The results showed that approximately 40% of the annual average BTX concentrations in nearby urban grids were directly influenced by pollutant emissions from the IC. Seasonal modeling results indicated that average BTX concentrations were high around petrochemical complexes, with higher concentrations in the surrounding urban areas during the summer (July). All three of the BTX pollutants showed similar seasonal differences. Daily contributions differed significantly throughout the modeling period, with some values reaching a maximum of 80% during July. Overall, when urban areas were located downwind of the IC, contributions rose. Moreover, this study compared the differences in BTX contributions at each measurement point within the IC and urban areas, which showed that the influence of the IC emissions decreased significantly with distance. The spatial distribution and direct influence of the IC on BTX concentrations in the UMR identified through this study could be used to provide input data in environmental epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Bang
- Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Inbo Oh
- Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Soontae Kim
- Department of Environmental Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seunghee You
- Department of Environmental Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
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30
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Jung SE, Kim YH, Cho S, Kim BJ, Lee HS, Hwang S, Kim GB, Kim YH, Pang MG, Lee S, Ryu BY. A Phytochemical Approach to Promotion of Self-renewal in Murine Spermatogonial Stem Cell by Using Sedum Sarmentosum Extract. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11441. [PMID: 28900261 PMCID: PMC5595968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the basis of spermatogenesis, which is dependent on the ability to self-renew and differentiation. Controlling self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs could apply to treatment of disease such as male infertility. Recently, in the field of stem cell research, it was demonstrated that effective increase in stem cell activity can be achieved by using growth factors derived from plant extracts. In this study, our aim is to investigate components from natural plant to improve the self-renewal of SSCs. To find the components, germ cells were cultured with comprehensive natural plant extracts, and then the more pure fraction, and finally single compound at different concentrations. As a result, we found 5H-purin-6-amine at 1 µg/mL, originated from Sedum sarmentosum, was a very effective compound induced SSCs proliferation. Our data showed that germ cells cultured with 5H-purin-6-amine could maintain their stable characteristics. Furthermore, transplantation results demonstrated that 5H-purin-6-amine at 1 µg/mL increased the activity of SSCs, indicating the compound could increase true SSC concentration within germ cells to 1.96-fold. These findings would be contributed to improve further reproductive research and treat male infertility by using natural plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Jung
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghun Cho
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang-Jin Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, MFDS Korea, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 30 Yeongudangi-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea.
| | - Buom-Yong Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HS, Kwon M, Heo S, Kim MG, Kim GB. Characterization of the Biodiversity of the Spoilage Microbiota in Chicken Meat Using Next Generation Sequencing and Culture Dependent Approach. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:535-541. [PMID: 28943766 PMCID: PMC5599574 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.4.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from chicken meat to characterize their microbial composition during refrigerated storage. The bacterial community was identified by the Illumina MiSeq method based on bacterial DNA extracted from spoiled chicken meat. Molecular identification of the isolated psychrotrophic bacteria was carried out using 16S rDNA sequencing and their putrefactive potential was investigated by the growth at low temperature as well as their proteolytic activities in chicken meat. From the Illumina sequencing, a total of 187,671 reads were obtained from 12 chicken samples. Regardless of the type of chicken meat (i.e., whole meat and chicken breast) and storage temperatures (4°C and 10°C), Pseudomonas weihenstephanensis and Pseudomonas congelans were the most prominent bacterial species. Serratia spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were prominent in chicken breast and whole chicken meat, respectively. The 118 isolated strains of psychrotrophic bacteria comprised Pseudomonas spp. (58.48%), Serratia spp. (10.17%), and Morganella spp. (6.78%). All isolates grew well at 10°C and they induced different proteolytic activities depending on the species and strains. Parallel analysis of the next generation sequencing and culture dependent approach provides in-depth information on the biodiversity of the spoilage microbiota in chicken meat. Further study is needed to develop better preservation methods against these spoilage bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Soo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Mirae Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sunhak Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Min Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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32
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Lee SJ, Lee SY, Kim GD, Kim GB, Jin SK, Hur SJ. Effects of self-carbon dioxide-generation material for active packaging on pH, water-holding capacity, meat color, lipid oxidation and microbial growth in beef during cold storage. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:3642-3648. [PMID: 28106265 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active packaging refers to the mixing of additive agents into packaging materials with the purpose of maintaining or extending food product quality and shelf life. The aim of this study was to develop an easy and cheap active packaging for beef. Beef loin samples were divided into three packaging groups (C, ziplock bag packaging; T1, vacuum packaging; T2, active packaging) and stored at 4 °C for 21 days. RESULTS The water-holding capacity was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in C and T2 than in T1 for up to 7 days of storage. The TBARS value was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in T1 and T2 after 7 days of storage. The counts of some microorganism were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in T1 and T2 after 7 days of storage; the total bacterial count and Escherichia coli count were lowest in T2 at the end of storage. CONCLUSION These results indicate that active packaging using self-CO2 -generation materials can extend the shelf life similarly to that observed with vacuum packaging, and that the active packaging method can improve the quality characteristics of beef during cold storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Jae Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Keun Jin
- Department of Animal Resources Technology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Kim MG, Lee HS, Heo S, Kwon M, Kim G. Isolation and Characterization of Listeria phages for Control of Growth of Listeria monocytogenes in Milk. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:320-328. [PMID: 28515656 PMCID: PMC5434219 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.2.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two Listeria bacteriophages, LMP1 and LMP7, were isolated from chicken feces as a means of biocontrol of L. monocytogenes. Both bacteriophages had a lytic effect on L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644, 15313, 19114, and 19115. Phages LMP1 and LMP7 were able to inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 and 19114 in tryptic soy broth at 10°C and 30°C. Nevertheless, LMP1 was more effective than LMP7 at inhibiting L. monocytogenes ATCC 19114. On the contrary, LMP7 was more effective than LMP1 at inhibiting L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644. The morphology of LMP1 and LMP7 resembled that of members of the Siphoviridae family. The growth of L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 was inhibited by both LMP1 and LMP7 in milk; however, the growth of L. monocytogenes ATCC 19114 was only inhibited by LMP1 at 30°C. The lytic activity of bacteriophages was also evaluated at 4°C in milk in order to investigate the potential use of these phages in refrigerated products. In conclusion, these two bacteriophages exhibit different host specificities and characteristics, suggesting that they can be used as a component of a phage cocktail to control L. monocytogenes in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhee Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Min Gon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hee Soo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Sunhak Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Mirae Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - GeunBae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Seo DJ, Choi S, Jeon SB, Jeong S, Park H, Lee BH, Kim GB, Yang SJ, Nishikawa Y, Choi C. Comparative sequence analysis of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 identified in Korean and Japanese Escherichia coli strains. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 243:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jung SW, Lee K, Cho YS, Choi JH, Yang W, Kang TS, Park C, Kim GB, Yu SD, Son BS. Association by Spatial Interpolation between Ozone Levels and Lung Function of Residents at an Industrial Complex in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:E728. [PMID: 27447653 PMCID: PMC4962269 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13070728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Spatial interpolation is employed to improve exposure estimates and to assess adverse health effects associated with environmental risk factors. Since various studies have reported that high ozone (O₃) concentrations can give rise to adverse effects on respiratory symptoms and lung function, we investigated the association between O₃ levels and lung function using a variety of spatial interpolation techniques and evaluated how different methods for estimating exposure may influence health results for a cohort from an industrial complex (Gwangyang Bay) in South Korea in 2009. To estimate daily concentrations of O₃ in each subject, four different methods were used, which include simple averaging, nearest neighbor, inverse distance weighting, and kriging. Also, to compare the association between O₃ levels and lung function by age-groups, we explored ozone's impacts on three age-related groups: children (9-14 years), adults (15-64 years), and the elderly (≥65 years). The overall change of effect size on lung function in each age group tended to show similar patterns for lag and methods for estimating exposure. A significant negative association was only observed between O₃ levels and FVC and FEV₁ for most of the lag and methods in children. The largest effect of O₃ levels was found at the average for the lung function test day and last 2 days (0-2 days). In conclusions, the spatial interpolation methods may benefit in providing individual-level exposure with appropriate temporal resolution from ambient monitors. However, time-activity patterns of residents, monitoring site locations, methodological choices, and other factors should be considered to minimize exposure misclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Won Jung
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Kyoungho Lee
- Occupational Epidemiology, Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics, Giheung City 17113, Korea.
| | - Yong-Sung Cho
- Research Development and Education Division, National Institute of Chemical Safety, 90, Gajeonbuk-ro, Daejeon 34111, Korea.
| | - Ji-Hee Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 336-745, Korea.
| | - Wonho Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, 13-13, Hayang-ro, Daegu 38430, Korea.
| | - Tack-Shin Kang
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Choonghee Park
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Seung-Do Yu
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Incheon 22689, Korea.
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 336-745, Korea.
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Kim SH, Jeung W, Choi ID, Jeong JW, Lee DE, Huh CS, Kim GB, Hong SS, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Sim JH, Ahn YT. Lactic Acid Bacteria Improves Peyer��s Patch Cell-Mediated Immunoglobulin A and Tight-Junction Expression in a Destructed Gut Microbial Environment. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 26:1035-45. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1512.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Unno T, Choi JH, Hur HG, Sadowsky MJ, Ahn YT, Huh CS, Kim GB, Cha CJ. Changes in human gut microbiota influenced by probiotic fermented milk ingestion. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:3568-76. [PMID: 25864056 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of consuming probiotic fermented milk (PFM) on the microbial community structure in the human intestinal tract by using high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing. Six healthy adults ingested 2 servings of PFM daily for 3 wk, and their fecal microbiota were analyzed before and after 3 wk of PFM ingestion period and for another 3 wk following the termination of PFM ingestion (the noningestion period). Fecal microbial communities were characterized by sequencing of the V1-V3 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. All subjects showed a similar pattern of microbiota at the phylum level, where the relative abundance of Bacteriodetes species increased during the PFM ingestion period and decreased during the noningestion period. The increase in Bacteroidetes was found to be due to an increase in members of the families Bacteroidaceae or Prevotellaceae. In contrast to PFM-induced adaptation at the phylum level, the taxonomic composition at the genus level showed a considerable alteration in fecal microbiota induced by PFM ingestion. As revealed by analysis of operational taxonomic units (OTU), the numbers of shared OTU were low among the 3 different treatments (before, during, and after PFM ingestion), but the abundance of the shared OTU was relatively high, indicating that the majority (>77.8%) of total microbiota was maintained by shared OTU during PFM ingestion and after its termination. Our results suggest that PFM consumption could alter microbial community structure in the gastrointestinal tract of adult humans while maintaining the stability of microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hor-Gil Hur
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate; and BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
| | - Young-Tae Ahn
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin 446-901, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Sung Huh
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Jun Cha
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HK, Choi SH, Lee CR, Lee SH, Park MR, Kim Y, Lee MK, Kim GB. Screening and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains with Anti-inflammatory Activities through in vitro and Caenorhabditis elegans Model Testing. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2015; 35:91-100. [PMID: 26761805 PMCID: PMC4682497 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2015.35.1.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to screen candidate probiotic strains for anti-inflammatory activity. Initially, a nitric oxide (NO) assay was used to test selected candidate probiotic strains for anti-inflammatory activity in cultures of the murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. Then, the in vitro probiotic properties of the strains, including bile tolerance, acid resistance, and growth in skim milk media, were investigated. We also performed an in vitro hydrophobicity test and an intestinal adhesion assay using Caenorhabditis elegans as a surrogate in vivo model. From our screening, we obtained 4 probiotic candidate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains based on their anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell cultures and the results of the in vitro and in vivo probiotic property assessments. Molecular characterization using 16S rDNA sequencing analysis identified the 4 LAB strains as Lactobacillus plantarum. The selected L. plantarum strains (CAU1054, CAU1055, CAU1064, and CAU1106) were found to possess desirable in vitro and in vivo probiotic properties, and these strains are good candidates for further investigations in animal models and human clinical studies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyoung Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea
| | - Sun-Hae Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea
| | - Cho Rong Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea
| | - Mi Ri Park
- BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - Myung-Ki Lee
- Fermentation and Functionality Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea
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Lim YR, Bae HJ, Lim YH, Yu S, Kim GB, Cho YS. Spatial analysis of PM10 and cardiovascular mortality in the Seoul metropolitan area. Environ Health Toxicol 2014; 29:e2014005. [PMID: 25116367 PMCID: PMC4152940 DOI: 10.5620/eht.2014.29.e2014005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have revealed the adverse health effects of acute and chronic exposure to particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10). The aim of the present study was to examine the spatial distribution of PM10 concentrations and cardiovascular mortality and to investigate the spatial correlation between PM10 and cardiovascular mortality using spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) and a regression model. METHODS From 2008 to 2010, the spatial distribution of PM10 in the Seoul metropolitan area was examined via kriging. In addition, a group of cardiovascular mortality cases was analyzed using SaTScan-based cluster exploration. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied to investigate the correlation between PM10 concentrations and cardiovascular mortality. RESULTS An examination of the regional distribution of the cardiovascular mortality was higher in provincial districts (gu) belonging to Incheon and the northern part of Gyeonggido than in other regions. In a comparison of PM10 concentrations and mortality cluster (MC) regions, all those belonging to MC 1 and MC 2 were found to belong to particulate matter (PM) 1 and PM 2 with high concentrations of air pollutants. In addition, the GWR showed that PM10 has a statistically significant relation to cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS To investigate the relation between air pollution and health impact, spatial analyses can be utilized based on kriging, cluster exploration, and GWR for a more systematic and quantitative analysis. It has been proven that cardiovascular mortality is spatially related to the concentration of PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ra Lim
- Korea Environment Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungdo Yu
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Cho
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
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Abstract
A novel strain, designated strain CU3-7(T), was isolated from faeces of a two-week-old baby. The isolate was Gram-staining-positive, anaerobic and rod-shaped. Results from 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain CU3-7(T) was phylogenetically affiliated with members of the genus Bifidobacterium. Strain CU3-7(T) showed the highest level of sequence similarity with Bifidobacterium adolescentis KCTC 3216(T) (98.4 %), followed by Bifidobacterium ruminantium KCTC 3425(T) (97.9 %). Analysis of hsp60 sequences showed that strain CU3-7(T) was closely related to B. adolescentis KCTC 3216(T) (94.0 %) and B. ruminantium KCTC 3425(T) (92.5 %). The DNA-DNA hybridization values with the closely related strains were all below the cut-off value for species delineation, 17.0 % with B. ruminantium KCTC 3425(T) and 14.9 % with B. adolescentis KCTC 3216(T). Fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase activity was detected. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 (27.7 %), C18 : 1ω9c (27.4 %) and C18 : 1ω9c dimethylacetate (15.5 %). The DNA G+C content was 58.6 mol%. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomy, strain CU3-7(T) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species within the genus Bifidobacterium, for which the name Bifidobacterium faecale sp. nov. is proposed ( = KACC 17904(T) = JCM 19861(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ki Lee
- Fermentation and Functionality Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jun Cha
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Bacterial communities in the different regions of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chickens were analyzed by pyrosequencing approach to understand microbial composition and diversity. The DNA samples extracted from 7 different regions along the GIT were subjected to bacterial-community analysis by pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 region of 16S rRNA gene. Major bacterial phyla in the chicken-gut microbiota included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, but Firmicutes were mostly dominant (67.3 ± 16.1% of the total sequence reads identified). Among Firmicutes, Lactobacillales, including the genera Lactobacillus and Enterococcus, were the most dominant (51.8 ± 34.5% of the total sequence reads identified) from the crop to ileum. In contrast, in the cecum and large intestine, those genera were rarely detected, and Clostridiales were dominant (55.9 ± 31.4%). Fast UniFrac analysis showed that microbial communities from the crop to jejunum of the same individual chicken were grouped together, and those from ileum, cecum, and large intestine were clustered in a more GIT-specific manner. The numbers of shared operational taxonomic units between the neighboring segments of GIT were low, ranging from 2.9 to 20.3%. However, the abundance of shared operational taxonomic units in each segment was relatively high, ranging from 61.7 to 85.0%, suggesting that substantial proportions of microbial communities were shared between each segment and its neighboring segments, comprising a core microbiota. Our results suggested that the microbial communities of 7 main segments in the chicken GIT were distinctive according to both individuals and the different segments of GIT, but their stability was maintained along the GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiomics, and
| | - G B Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - C J Cha
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiomics, and
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Hur SJ, Lee SY, Kim YC, Choi I, Kim GB. Effect of fermentation on the antioxidant activity in plant-based foods. Food Chem 2014; 160:346-56. [PMID: 24799248 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study provides an overview of the factors that influence the effect of fermentation on the antioxidant activity and the mechanisms that augment antioxidative activities in fermented plant-based foods. The ability of fermentation to improve antioxidant activity is primarily due to an increase in the amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids during fermentation, which is the result of a microbial hydrolysis reaction. Moreover, fermentation induces the structural breakdown of plant cell walls, leading to the liberation or synthesis of various antioxidant compounds. These antioxidant compounds can act as free radical terminators, metal chelators, singlet oxygen quenchers, or hydrogen donors to radicals. The production of protease, α-amylase and some other enzymes can be influenced by fermentation that may have metal ion chelation activity. Because the mechanisms that affect antioxidant activity during fermentation are extremely varied, further investigation is needed to establish the precise mechanisms for these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yuan Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62 Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwook Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62 Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
We report a very rare case of isolated multiple pulmonary arterial calcification with severe bilateral peripheral pulmonary arterial stenosis diagnosed in utero. Despite treatment with bisphosphonate for 6 months, systolic right ventricular pressure increased persistently and surpassed left ventricular pressure. After successful bilateral pulmonary arterioplasty at 13 months of age, the patient showed decreased systolic right ventricular pressure with normal interventricular septal configuration. This is the first case report for an isolated pulmonary artery calcification without other arterial calcification proven by non-contrast computed tomography of a living patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cha
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Choi JK, Lim YS, Kim HJ, Hong YH, Ryu BY, Kim GB. Screening and Characterization of Lactobacillus casei MCL Strain Exhibiting Immunomodulation Activity. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.5.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Jang YS, Kim GB, Kim KJ, Kim MS, Lee HJ, Lee JS, Lee KB, Lee MK, Lee SJ, Ri HC, Yoon WS, Yuryev YN, Kim YH. Development of decay energy spectroscopy using low temperature detectors. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:2255-9. [PMID: 22410296 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a high-resolution detection technique for measuring the energy and activity of alpha decay events using low-temperature detectors. A small amount of source material containing alpha-emitting radionuclides was enclosed in a 4π metal absorber. The energy of the alpha particles as well as that of the recoiled nuclides, low-energy electrons, and low-energy x-rays and γ-rays was converted into thermal energy of the gold absorber. A metallic magnetic calorimeter serving as a fast and sensitive thermometer was thermally attached to the metal absorber. In the present report, experimental demonstrations of Q spectroscopy were made with a new meander-type magnetic calorimeter. The thermal connection between the temperature sensor and the absorber was established with annealed gold wires. Each alpha decay event in the absorber resulted in a temperature increase of the absorber and the temperature sensor. Using the spectrum measured for a drop of (226)Ra solution in a 4π gold absorber, all of the alpha emitters in the sample were identified with a demonstration of good detector linearity. The resolution of the (226)Ra spectrum showed a 3.3 keV FWHM at its Q value together with an expected gamma escape peak at the energy shifted by its γ-ray energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Jang
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, South Korea
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Kim HJ, Eom SJ, Park SJ, Cha CJ, Kim GB. Lactobacillus alvi sp. nov., isolated from the intestinal tract of chicken. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2011; 323:83-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02361.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Eom
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Korea
| | - Sung-Joon Park
- Department of Biotechnology (BK21 Program); Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Korea
| | - Chang-Jun Cha
- Department of Biotechnology (BK21 Program); Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Korea
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Im JH, Choi JK, Lee MH, Ahn YT, Lee JH, Huh CS, Kim GB. Effect of Functional Yogurt (R&B Rhythm®) on the Improvement of Constipation in Animal Models. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2011. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2011.31.3.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Jung H, Kim YU, Sung MS, Hwa Y, Jeong G, Kim GB, Sohn HJ. Nanosize Si anode embedded in super-elastic nitinol (Ni–Ti) shape memory alloy matrix for Li rechargeable batteries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Kim HJ, Choi JK, Lee KM, Im JH, Eom SJ, Kim GB. Growth Characteristics and Physiological Properties in Milk of Lactobacillus casei CU2604 Isolated from Adult Feces. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2009. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2009.29.5.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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50
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Kim KK, Eom SJ, Im JH, Lee KM, Yoo SJ, Kim HU, Kim GB. A Study on the Effects of Probiotic Yogurt on the Microbial Quality of Fresh Chicken Meat during Cold Storage. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2009. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2009.29.2.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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