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Cruz KLO, Salla DH, Oliveira MP, Silva LE, Vedova LMD, Mendes TF, Bressan CBC, Silva MR, Santos SML, Soares HJ, Mendes RL, Vernke CN, Silva MG, Laurentino AOM, Medeiros FD, Vilela TC, Lemos I, Bitencourt RM, Réus GZ, Streck EL, Mello AH, Rezin GT. Energy metabolism and behavioral parameters in female mice subjected to obesity and offspring deprivation stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 451:114526. [PMID: 37271313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral and energy metabolism parameters in female mice subjected to obesity and offspring deprivation (OD) stress. Eighty female Swiss mice, 40 days old, were weighed and divided into two groups: Control group (control diet, n = 40) and Obese group (high-fat diet, n = 40), for induction of the animal model of obesity, the protocol was based on the consumption of a high-fat diet and lasted 8 weeks. Subsequently, the females were subjected to pregnancy, after the birth of the offspring, were divided again into the following groups (n = 20): Control non-deprived (ND), Control + OD, Obese ND, and Obese + OD, for induction of the stress protocol by OD. After the offspring were 21 days old, weaning was performed and the dams were subjected to behavioral tests. The animals were humanely sacrificed, the brain was removed, and brain structures were isolated to assess energy metabolism. Both obesity and OD led to anhedonia in the dams. It was shown that the structures most affected by obesity and OD are the hypothalamus and hippocampus, as evidenced by the mitochondrial dysfunction found in these structures. When analyzing the groups separately, it was observed that OD led to more pronounced mitochondrial damage; however, the association of obesity with OD, as well as obesity alone, also generated damage. Thus, it is concluded that obesity and OD lead to anhedonia in animals and to mitochondrial dysfunction in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, which may lead to losses in feeding control and cognition of the dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia L O Cruz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Daniele H Salla
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Larissa E Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil.
| | - Larissa M D Vedova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Talita F Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Catarina B C Bressan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariella R Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Sheila M L Santos
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Hevylin J Soares
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Rayane L Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Camila N Vernke
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Marina G Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Ana O M Laurentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Fabiana D Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Thais C Vilela
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Isabela Lemos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline H Mello
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
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Salgado ASI, Stramosk J, Ludtke DD, Kuci ACC, Salm DC, Ceci LA, Petronilho F, Florentino D, Danielski LG, Gassenferth A, Souza LR, Rezin GT, Santos ARS, Mazzardo-Martins L, Reed WR, Martins DF. Manual Therapy Reduces Pain Behavior and Oxidative Stress in a Murine Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9080197. [PMID: 31405150 PMCID: PMC6721404 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9080197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I) is a chronic painful condition. We investigated whether manual therapy (MT), in a chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) model, is capable of reducing pain behavior and oxidative stress. Male Swiss mice were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) to mimic CRPS-I. Animals received ankle joint mobilization 48h after the IR procedure, and response to mechanical stimuli was evaluated. For biochemical analyses, mitochondrial function as well as oxidative stress thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were determined. IR induced mechanical hyperalgesia which was subsequently reduced by acute MT treatment. The concentrations of oxidative stress parameters were increased following IR with MT treatment preventing these increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyls protein. IR diminished the levels of SOD and CAT activity and MT treatment prevented this decrease in CAT but not in SOD activity. IR also diminished mitochondrial complex activity, and MT treatment was ineffective in preventing this decrease. In conclusion, repeated sessions of MT resulted in antihyperalgesic effects mediated, at least partially, through the prevention of an increase of MDA and protein carbonyls levels and an improvement in the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afonso S I Salgado
- Coordinator of Integrative Physical Therapy Residency-Philadelphia University Center, Londrina 86020-000, Paraná, Brazil
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stramosk
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela D Ludtke
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana C C Kuci
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daiana C Salm
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lisandro A Ceci
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão 88704-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão 88704-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucineia G Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão 88704-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Gassenferth
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, University Federal of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luana R Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1212, USA
| | - Adair R S Santos
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain and Inflammation, Department of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences, University Federal of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - William R Reed
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1212, USA
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Coordinator of Integrative Physical Therapy Residency-Philadelphia University Center, Londrina 86020-000, Paraná, Brazil.
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça 88137-270, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Giridharan VV, Simões LR, Dagostin VS, Generoso JS, Rezin GT, Florentino D, Muniz JP, Collodel A, Petronilho F, Quevedo J, Barichello T. Temporal changes of oxidative stress markers in Escherichia coli K1-induced experimental meningitis in a neonatal rat model. Neurosci Lett 2017; 653:288-295. [PMID: 28583583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and advanced critical care neonatal bacterial meningitis has a mortality rate of over 10% and induces neurological sequelae in 20-50% of cases. Escherichia coli K1 (E. coli K1) is the most common gram-negative organism causing neonatal meningitis and is the second most common cause behind group B streptococcus. We previously reported that an E. coli K1 experimental meningitis infection in neonatal rats resulted in habituation and aversive memory impairment and a significant increase in cytokine levels in adulthood. In this present study, we investigated the oxidative stress profile including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, carbonyl protein formation, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and catalase (CAT) activity 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h after E. coli K1 experimental meningitis infection. In addition, sulfhydryl groups, nitrite and nitrate levels and activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes were also measured in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of neonatal rats. The results from this study demonstrated a significant increase in MDA, protein carbonyls and MPO activity and a simultaneous decrease in SOD activity in the hippocampus of the neonatal meningitis survivors but the same was not observed in frontal cortex. In addition, we also observed a significant increase in complex IV activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of meningitis survivor rats. Thus, the results from this study reaffirmed the possible role of oxidative stress, nitric oxide and its related compounds in the complex pathophysiology of E. coli K1-induced bacterial meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayasree V Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Lutiana R Simões
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Valdemira S Dagostin
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, 88704-900, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Jhonata P Muniz
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Allan Collodel
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, SC, 88704-900, Brazil; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA; Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, 88704-900, Tubarão, SC, Brazil; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Scaini G, Rezin GT, Carvalho AF, Streck EL, Berk M, Quevedo J. Mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder: Evidence, pathophysiology and translational implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:694-713. [PMID: 27377693 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric illness characterized by severe and biphasic changes in mood. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been hypothesized to underpin the neurobiology of BD, including the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction. A confluence of evidence points to an underlying dysfunction of mitochondria, including decreases in mitochondrial respiration, high-energy phosphates and pH; changes in mitochondrial morphology; increases in mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms; and downregulation of nuclear mRNA molecules and proteins involved in mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in neuronal cell survival or death as regulators of both energy metabolism and cell survival and death pathways. Thus, in this review, we discuss the genetic and physiological components of mitochondria and the evidence for mitochondrial abnormalities in BD. The final part of this review discusses mitochondria as a potential target of therapeutic interventions in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Ferreira GK, Cardoso MR, Jeremias IC, Gonçalves CL, Freitas KV, Antonini R, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Fluvoxamine alters the activity of energy metabolism enzymes in the brain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 36:220-6. [PMID: 24676049 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies support the hypothesis that metabolism impairment is involved in the pathophysiology of depression and that some antidepressants act by modulating brain energy metabolism. Thus, we evaluated the activity of Krebs cycle enzymes, the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and creatine kinase in the brain of rats subjected to prolonged administration of fluvoxamine. METHODS Wistar rats received daily administration of fluvoxamine in saline (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg) for 14 days. Twelve hours after the last administration, rats were killed by decapitation and the prefrontal cortex, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum were rapidly isolated. RESULTS The activities of citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and complexes I, II-III, and IV were decreased after prolonged administration of fluvoxamine in rats. However, the activities of complex II, succinate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase were increased. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in activity of energy metabolism enzymes were observed in most brain areas analyzed. Thus, we suggest that the decrease in citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and complexes I, II-III, and IV can be related to adverse effects of pharmacotherapy, but long-term molecular adaptations cannot be ruled out. In addition, we demonstrated that these changes varied according to brain structure or biochemical analysis and were not dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela K Ferreira
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariane R Cardoso
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela C Jeremias
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cinara L Gonçalves
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Karolina V Freitas
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Antonini
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Applied Neurosciences of Santa Catarina (NENASC), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Model CS, Gomes LM, Scaini G, Ferreira GK, Gonçalves CL, Rezin GT, Steckert AV, Valvassori SS, Varela RB, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Omega-3 fatty acids alter behavioral and oxidative stress parameters in animals subjected to fenproporex administration. Metab Brain Dis 2014; 29:185-92. [PMID: 24385143 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-013-9473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies have consistently reported the participation of oxidative stress in bipolar disorder (BD). Evidences indicate that omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids play several important roles in brain development and functioning. Moreover, preclinical and clinical evidence suggests roles for ω3 fatty acids in BD. Considering these evidences, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ω3 fatty acids on locomotor behavior and oxidative stress parameters (TBARS and protein carbonyl content) in brain of rats subjected to an animal model of mania induced by fenproporex. The fenproporex treatment increased locomotor behavior in saline-treated rats under reversion and prevention model, and ω3 fatty acids prevented fenproporex-related hyperactivity. Moreover, fenproporex increased protein carbonyls in the prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex, and the administration of ω3 fatty acids reversed this effect. Lipid peroxidation products also are increased in prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebral after fenproporex administration, but ω3 fatty acids reversed this damage only in the hippocampus. On the other hand, in the prevention model, fenproporex increased carbonyl content only in the cerebral cortex, and administration of ω3 fatty acids prevented this damage. Additionally, the administration of fenproporex resulted in a marked increased of TBARS in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex, and prevent this damage in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. In conclusion, we are able to demonstrate that fenproporex-induced hyperlocomotion and damage through oxidative stress were prevented by ω3 fatty acids. Thus, the ω3 fatty acids may be important adjuvant therapy of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila S Model
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Barg M, Rezin GT, Leffa DD, Balbinot F, Gomes LM, Carvalho-Silva M, Vuolo F, Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL, Andrade VM. Evaluation of the protective effect of Ilex paraguariensis and Camellia sinensis extracts on the prevention of oxidative damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 37:195-201. [PMID: 24361697 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects green and mate teas on oxidative and DNA damages in rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Were utilized 70 adult male Wistar rats that received daily oral or topic green or mate tea treatment during exposed to radiation by seven days. After, animals were killed by decapitation. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive species levels, protein oxidative damage were evaluated in skin and DNA damage in blood. Our results show that the rats exposed to ultraviolet radiation presented DNA damage in blood and increased protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation in skin. Oral and topic treatment with green tea and mate tea prevented lipid peroxidation, both treatments with mate tea also prevented DNA damage. However, only topic treatment with green tea and mate tea prevented increases in protein carbonylation. Our findings contribute to elucidate the beneficial effects of green tea and mate tea, here in demonstrated by the antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties presented by these teas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Barg
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela D Leffa
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Balbinot
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara M Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Vuolo
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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8
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Rezin GT, Scaini G, Gonçalves CL, Ferreira GK, Cardoso MR, Ferreira AG, Cunha MJ, Schmitz F, Varela RB, Quevedo J, Wyse AT, Streck EL. Evaluation of Na+, K+-ATPase activity in the brain of young rats after acute administration of fenproporex. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2013; 36:138-42. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil
| | - Cinara L. Gonçalves
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil
| | - Gabriela K. Ferreira
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil
| | - Mariane R. Cardoso
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Roger B. Varela
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil; UNESC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil; UNESC, Brazil
| | | | - Emilio L. Streck
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Brazil; National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine, Brazil
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9
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Rezin GT, Scaini G, Ferreira GK, Cardoso MR, Gonçalves CL, Constantino LS, Deroza PF, Ghedim FV, Valvassori SS, Resende WR, Quevedo J, Zugno AI, Streck EL. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain and behavioral analysis in adult rats after chronic administration of fenproporex. Metab Brain Dis 2012; 27:453-8. [PMID: 22832793 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-012-9331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fenproporex is an amphetamine-based anorectic and it is rapidly converted in vivo into amphetamine. It elevates the levels of extracellular dopamine in the brain. Acetylcholinesterase is a regulatory enzyme which is involved in cholinergic synapses and may indirectly modulate the release of dopamine. Thus, we investigated whether the effects of chronic administration of fenproporex in adult rats alters acquisition and retention of avoidance memory and acetylcholinesterase activity. Adult male Wistar rats received repeated (14 days) intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or fenproporex (6.25, 12.5 or 25 mg/kg i.p.). For behavioral assessment, animals were submitted to inhibitory avoidance (IA) tasks and continuous multiple trials step-down inhibitory avoidance (CMIA). Acetylcholinesterase activity was measured in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum. The administration of fenproporex (6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg) did not induce impairment in short and long-term IA or CMIA retention memory in rats. In addition, longer periods of exposure to fenproporex administration decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in prefrontal cortex and striatum of rats, but no alteration was verified in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. In conclusion, the present study showed that chronic fenproporex administration decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the rat brain. However, longer periods of exposure to fenproporex did not produce impairment in short and long-term IA or CMIA retention memory in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil
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10
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Réus GZ, Stringari RB, Rezin GT, Pezente DP, Scaini G, Maggi DD, De-Nês BT, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Feier G. Effects of maintenance electroshock on mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in the rat brain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2012; 24:275-85. [PMID: 25286992 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Réus GZ, Stringari RB, Rezin GT, Pezente DP, Scaini G, Maggi DD, De-Nês BT, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Feier G. Effects of maintenance electroshock on mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in the rat brain.Objective:Electroconvulsive therapy is used efficacious treatment for a variety of complicated psychiatric disorders and evidences have indicated that energy metabolism impairment may be involved in pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. This work was performed to determine creatine kinase and mitochondrial respiratory chain activities at different times after the maintenance electroconvulsive shock (ECS).Methods:Male Wistar rats received a protocol mimicking therapeutic of maintenance or simulated ECS (sham) and were subsequently sacrificed immediately after, 48 h and 7 days after the last maintenance ECS. We measured creatine kinase and mitochondrial respiratory chain activities in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and striatum.Results:Our results showed that maintenance ECS alter respiratory chain complexes and creatine kinase activities in the rat brain, but these effects were related to brain area and time after the ECS, in which the animal were killed.Conclusion:Finally, these findings further support the hypothesis that alteration on the energy metabolism could be involved in the therapeutic or adverse effects of ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Z Réus
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Roberto B Stringari
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiana P Pezente
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora D Maggi
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruna T De-Nês
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Feier
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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11
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Zugno AI, Barcelos M, Oliveira LD, Canever L, Luca RDD, Fraga DB, Matos MP, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Búrigo M, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Energy metabolism, leptin, and biochemical parameters are altered in rats subjected to the chronic administration of olanzapine. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2012; 34:168-75. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462012000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Gonçalves CL, Rezin GT, Ferreira GK, Jeremias IC, Cardoso MR, Carvalho-Silva M, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Differential effects of escitalopram administration on metabolic parameters of cortical and subcortical brain regions of Wistar rats. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2012; 24:147-54. [PMID: 26953007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Considering that mitochondria may be drug targets and some characteristics of drug-mitochondria interactions may still be misjudged because of the difficulty in foreseeing and understanding all possible implications of the complex pathophysiology of mitochondria, our study aimed to investigate the effect of escitalopram on the activity of enzymes of mitochondrial energy metabolism. METHODS Animals received daily administration of escitalopram dissolved in saline [10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (IP)] at 1.0 ml/kg volume for 14 days. Control rats received an equivalent volume of saline, 1.0 ml/kg (IP), for the same treatment period. Twelve hours after last injection, rats were killed by decapitation and brain areas were rapidly isolated. The samples were homogenised and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, some enzymes of Krebs cycle (citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase) and creatine kinase were measured. RESULTS We verified that chronic administration of escitalopram decreased the activities of complexes I and II-III in cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and posterior cortex whereas prefrontal cortex was not affected. Complex II activity was decreased only in striatum without affecting prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and posterior cortex. However, chronic administration of escitalopram did not affect complex IV and enzymes of Krebs cycle activities as well as creatine kinase. CONCLUSION In this study we showed a decrease in the activities of complexes I and II-III in most of the brain structures analysed and complex II activity was decreased only in striatum. However, it remains to be determined if mitochondrial dysfunction is rather a causal or a consequential event of abnormal signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinara L Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela K Ferreira
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela C Jeremias
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariane R Cardoso
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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13
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Ferreira GK, Rezin GT, Cardoso MR, Gonçalves CL, Borges LS, Vieira JS, Gomes LM, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Brain energy metabolism is increased by chronic administration of bupropion. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2012; 24:115-21. [PMID: 26952953 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00597.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Based on the hypothesis that energy impairment may be involved in the pathophysiology of depression, we evaluated the activities of citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, II-III, IV and creatine kinase (CK) in the brain of rats submitted to chronic administration of bupropion. METHODS Animals received daily administration of bupropion dissolved in saline (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) at 1.0 ml/kg body weight. The rats received injections once a day for 14 days; control rats received an equivalent volume of saline. Twelve hours after the last administration, the rats were killed by decapitation and brain was rapidly removed and kept on an ice plate. The activities of the enzymes were measured in different brain areas. RESULTS We observed that the activities of citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase, mithocondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II-III and IV and CK were not altered after chronic administration of bupropion. However, SDH activity was increased in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. In the hippocampus, cerebellum and striatum the activity of complex II was increased after chronic administration of bupropion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that bupropion increased some enzymes of brain energy metabolism. These findings are in accordance with other studies which showed that some antidepressants may improve energy metabolism. The present results reinforce the hypothesis that antidepressants modulate brain energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela K Ferreira
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariane R Cardoso
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cinara L Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lislaine S Borges
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Júlia S Vieira
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara M Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Translacional, do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Translacional, do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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14
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Agostinho FR, Réus GZ, Stringari RB, Ribeiro KF, Ferreira GK, Jeremias IC, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Olanzapine plus fluoxetine treatment alters mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in the rat brain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2011; 23:282-91. [PMID: 25380039 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00569.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Agostinho FR, Réus GZ, Stringari RB, Ribeiro KF, Ferreira GK, Jeremias IC, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Olanzapine plus fluoxetine treatment alters mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in the rat brain.Background:Evidence is emerging for the role of dysfunctional mitochondria in pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. In this study, we evaluated the effects of acute and chronic administration of fluoxetine (FLX), olanzapine (OLZ) and the combination of FLX/OLZ on mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in the rat brain.Methods:For acute treatment, Wistar rats received one single injection of OLZ (3 or 6 mg/kg) and/or FLX (12 or 25 mg/kg) and for chronic treatment, rats received daily injections of OLZ (3 or 6 mg/kg) and/or FLX (12 or 25 mg/kg) for 28 days and we evaluated the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, II–III and IV in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum.Results:Our results showed that both acute and chronic treatments with FLX and OLZ alone or in combination altered respiratory chain complexes activity in the rat brain, but in combination we observed larger alterations.Conclusions:Finally, these findings further support the hypothesis that metabolism energy could be involved in the treatment with antipsychotics and antidepressants in combination to mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano R Agostinho
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberto B Stringari
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Karine F Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriela K Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Isabela C Jeremias
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Emílio L Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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15
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Freitas TP, Rezin GT, Fraga DB, Moretti M, Vieira JS, Gomes LM, Borges LS, Valvassori SS, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2011; 23:106-11. [PMID: 26952896 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00543.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental illness associated with higher rates of suicide. The present study aims to investigate the brain mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats received a single intracerebroventricular administration of ouabain (10-3 and 10-2 M) or vehicle. Locomotor activity was measured using the open field test. Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity was measured in the brain of rats 1 h and 7 days after ouabain administration. RESULTS Our results showed that spontaneous locomotion was increased 1 h and 7 days after ouabain administration. Complexes I, III and IV activities were increased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum immediately after the administration of ouabain, at the concentration of 10-3 and 10-2 M. Moreover, complex II activity was increased only in the prefrontal cortex at the concentration of 10-2 M. On the other hand, no significant alterations were observed in complex I activity 7 days after ouabain administration. However, an increase in complexes II, III and IV activities was observed only in the prefrontal cortex at the concentration of 10-2 M. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest an increase in the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain in this model of mania. A possible explanation is that these findings occur as a rebound effect trying to compensate for a decrease of ATP deprivation in BD. The present findings suggest that this model may present good face validity and a limitation in construct validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiane B Fraga
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina
| | - Julia S Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara M Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lislaine S Borges
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - João Quevedo
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Roza CA, Scaini G, Jeremias IC, Ferreira GK, Rochi N, Benedet J, Rezin GT, Vuolo F, Constantino LS, Petronilho FC, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Evaluation of brain and kidney energy metabolism in an animal model of contrast-induced nephropathy. Metab Brain Dis 2011; 26:115-22. [PMID: 21437673 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-011-9240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy is a common cause of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients, occurring from 24 to 48 h and up to 5 days after the administration of iodinated contrast media. Encephalopathy may accompany acute renal failure and presents with a complex of symptoms progressing from mild sensorial clouding to delirium and coma. The mechanisms responsible for neurological complications in patients with acute renal failure are still poorly known, but several studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of uremic encephalopathy. Thus, we measured mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and creatine kinase activities in rat brain and kidney after administration of contrast media. Wistar rats were submitted to 6.0 ml/kg meglumine/sodium diatrizoate administration via the tail vein (acute renal failure induced by contrast media) and saline in an equal volume with the radiocontrast material (control group); 6 days after, the animals were killed and kidney and brain were obtained. The results showed that contrast media administration decreased complexes I and IV activities in cerebral cortex; in prefrontal cortex, complex I activity was inhibited. On the other hand, contrast media administration increased complexes I and II-III activities in hippocampus and striatum and complex IV activity in hippocampus. Moreover, that administration of contrast media also decreased creatine kinase activity in the cerebral cortex. The present findings suggest that the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and creatine kinase caused by the acute renal failure induced by contrast media administration may be involved in the neurological complications reported in patients and might play a role in the pathogenesis of the encephalopathy caused by acute renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa A Roza
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Feier G, Valvassori SS, Rezin GT, Búrigo M, Streck EL, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. Creatine kinase levels in patients with bipolar disorder: depressive, manic, and euthymic phases. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2011; 33:171-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462011005000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Bipolar disorder is a severe, recurrent, and often chronic psychiatric illness associated with significant functional impairment, morbidity, and mortality. Creatine kinase is an important enzyme, particularly for cells with high and fluctuating energy requirements, such as neurons, and is a potential marker of brain injury. The aim of the present study was to compare serum creatine kinase levels between bipolar disorder patients, in the various phases (depressive, manic, and euthymic), and healthy volunteers. METHOD: Forty-eight bipolar patients were recruited: 18 in the euthymic phase; 17 in the manic phase; and 13 in the depressive phase. The control group comprised 41 healthy volunteers. The phases of bipolar disorder were defined as follows: euthymic-not meeting the DSM-IV criteria for a mood episode and scoring < 8 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS); manic-scoring < 7 on the HDRS and > 7 on the YMRS; depressive-scoring > 7 on the HDRS and < 7 on the YMRS. Patients in mixed phases were excluded. Blood samples were collected from all participants. RESULTS: Creatine kinase levels were higher in the manic patients than in the controls. However, we observed no significant difference between euthymic and depressive patients in terms of the creatine kinase level. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the clinical differences among the depressive, manic, and euthymic phases of bipolar disorder are paralleled by contrasting levels of creatine kinase. However, further studies are needed in order to understand the state-dependent differences observed in serum creatine kinase activity.
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Peruchi BB, Petronilho F, Rojas HA, Constantino L, Mina F, Vuolo F, Cardoso MR, Gonçalves CL, Rezin GT, Streck EL, Dal-Pizzol F. Skeletal muscle electron transport chain dysfunction after sepsis in rats. J Surg Res 2011; 167:e333-8. [PMID: 21316710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The derangement in oxygen utilization occurring during sepsis is likely to be linked to impaired mitochondrial functioning. Skeletal muscle comprises 50%-60% of body cell mass and represents the largest organ potentially affected by systemic inflammation. Thus, we investigated whether sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) modifies mitochondrial activity in respiratory and nonrespiratory skeletal muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were subjected to CLP and at different times, diaphragm and quadriceps were removed for the determination of electron transfer chain activities and mitochondrial oxidative stress. In addition, we determined diaphragm contractile strength. RESULTS In the quadriceps, 12 h after CLP we demonstrated a significant diminution on complex II-III activity. At late times (48 h after CLP), we demonstrated a decrease in the activity of all electron transfer chain complexes, which seemed to be secondary to early oxidative stress and correlates with diaphragm contractile strength. Differently from diaphragm, electron transfer chain was not decreased after sepsis and even oxidative stress was not increased at all times tested. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that quadriceps mitochondria are more resistant to sepsis-induced dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno B Peruchi
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Panatto JP, Jeremias IC, Ferreira GK, Ramos AC, Rochi N, Gonçalves CL, Daufenbach JF, Jeremias GC, Carvalho-Silva M, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Streck EL. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain in the brain of rats after hepatic failure induced by acetaminophen. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 350:149-54. [PMID: 21203802 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with severe hepatic failure. This disease is clinically characterized by a large variety of symptoms including motor symptoms, cognitive deficits, as well as changes in the level of alertness up to hepatic coma. Acetaminophen is frequently used in animals to produce an experimental model to study the mechanisms involved in the progression of hepatic disease. The brain is highly dependent on ATP and most cell energy is obtained through oxidative phosphorylation, a process requiring the action of various respiratory enzyme complexes located in a special structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this context, the authors evaluated the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the brain of rats submitted to acute administration of acetaminophen and treated with the combination of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) plus deferoxamine (DFX) or taurine. These results showed that acetaminophen administration inhibited the activities of complexes I and IV in cerebral cortex and that the treatment with NAC plus DFX or taurine was not able to reverse this inhibition. The authors did not observe any effect of acetaminophen administration on complexes II and III activities in any of the structures studied. The participation of oxidative stress has been postulated in the hepatic encephalopathy and it is well known that the electron transport chain itself is vulnerable to damage by reactive oxygen species. Since there was no effect of NAC + DFX, the effect of acetaminophen was likely to be due to something else than oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana P Panatto
- Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
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Rezin GT, Petronilho FC, Araújo JH, Gonçalves CL, Daufenbach JF, Cardoso MR, Roesler R, Schwartsmann G, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist or N-acetylcysteine combined with Omeprazol Protect against Mitochondrial Complex II Inhibition in a Rat Model of Gastritis. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 108:214-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ceretta LB, Réus GZ, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Brain energy metabolism parameters in an animal model of diabetes. Metab Brain Dis 2010; 25:391-6. [PMID: 21088877 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-010-9220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has indicated that altered mitochondrial function may be involved in mechanism for the development of diabetic complications. Thus, we investigated whether animal model of diabetes induced by alloxan alters energy metabolism parameters. Wistar rats received one single injection of alloxan (250 mg/kg) and after 15 days we evaluated mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, II, II-III and IV, creatine kinase and citrate synthase activities in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. We observed that animal model of diabetes induced by alloxan increased complexes I and IV activities in hippocampus, complexes II and II-III activities in prefrontal cortex and striatum and complex IV in prefrontal cortex; however decreased complex IV activity in striatum. Moreover, diabetes rats decreased creatine kinase activity in striatum and increased citrate synthase activity in hippocampus. In conclusion, this study indicates that the alteration in mitochondrial function is probably involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane B Ceretta
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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22
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Rezin GT, Gonçalves CL, Daufenbach JF, Carvalho-Silva M, Borges LS, Vieira JS, Hermani FV, Comim CM, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Effect of chronic administration of ketamine on the mitochondrial respiratory chain activity caused by chronic mild stress. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2010; 22:292-9. [PMID: 25385216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2010.00500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rezin GT, Gonçalves CL, Daufenbach JF, Carvalho-Silva M, Borges LS, Vieira JS, Hermani FV, Comim CM, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Effect of chronic administration of ketamine on the mitochondrial respiratory chain activity caused by chronic mild stress. OBJECTIVE Recently, we reported that mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV were inhibited in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats submitted to chronic mild stress (CMS) and that acute ketamine administration reversed this effect. Therefore, we investigated whether the inhibition of these enzymes may be reversed by chronic administration of ketamine. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to CMS and chronically treated with ketamine. After 40 days of CMS, consumption of sweet food, adrenal gland weight, body weight and enzymatic activity of the complexes were measured. RESULTS We verified that CMS decreased the intake of sweet food, increased the adrenal gland weight and the control group gained weight after 40 days but the stressed group did not; ketamine administration reversed these effects. We also verified that chronic administration of ketamine reversed the inhibition of complexes I, III and IV in cerebral cortex. However, in cerebellum, only complex IV inhibition was reversed. The chronic ketamine administration partially reverses the inhibition caused by CMS. CONCLUSION We hypothesise that CMS inhibits complexes I, III and IV activities and that chronic administration of ketamine administration partially reverses such an effect. Therefore, it seems reasonable to propose that ketamine administration might be a useful therapy for patients affected by major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine T Rezin
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cinara L Gonçalves
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Daufenbach
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho-Silva
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lislaine S Borges
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Julia S Vieira
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Clarissa M Comim
- 2Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina
| | - João Quevedo
- 2Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina
| | - Emilio L Streck
- 1Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Comim CM, Cassol-Jr OJ, Constantino LS, Felisberto F, Petronilho F, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Daufenbach JF, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Alterations in Inflammatory Mediators, Oxidative Stress Parameters and Energetic Metabolism in the Brain of Sepsis Survivor Rats. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:304-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Valvassori SS, Rezin GT, Ferreira CL, Moretti M, Gonçalves CL, Cardoso MR, Streck EL, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J. Effects of mood stabilizers on mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in brain of rats treated with d-amphetamine. J Psychiatr Res 2010; 44:903-9. [PMID: 20334877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a devastating major mental illness associated with high rates of suicide and work loss. There is an emerging body of data suggesting that bipolar disorder is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the effects of mood stabilizers lithium (Li) and valproate (VPT) on mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in brain of rats undergoing treatment with the pro-manic agent d-AMPH d-amphetamine (d-AMPH). In the reversal treatment, Wistar rats were first given d-AMPH or saline for 14 days, and then, between days 8 and 14, rats were treated with Li, VPA or saline (Sal). In the prevention treatment, rats were pretreated with Li, VPA or Sal. Locomotor behavior was assessed using the open-field task and mitochondrial chain activity complexes I, II, III and IV were measured in brain structures (hippocampus, striatum and prefrontal). Li and VPA reversed and prevented d-AMPH-induced hyperactivity. In both experiments, d-AMPH inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in all analyzed structures. In the reversal treatment, VPA reversed d-AMPH-induced dysfunction in all brain regions analyzed. In the prevention experiment, the effects of Li and VPA on d-AMPH-induced mitochondrial dysfunction were dependent on the brain region analyzed. These findings suggested that dopamine can be an important link for the mitochondrial dysfunction seen in BD and, Li and VPA exert protective effects against this d-AMPH-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, but this effect varies depending on the brain region and the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and National Institute for Translational Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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25
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Barbosa PR, Cardoso MR, Daufenbach JF, Gonçalves CL, Machado RA, Roza CA, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Schuck PF, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain in the brain of rats after renal ischemia is prevented by N-acetylcysteine and deferoxamine. Metab Brain Dis 2010; 25:219-25. [PMID: 20424907 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-010-9187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the brain of rats after renal ischemia and the effect of administration of the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and deferoxamine (DFX). The rats were divided into the groups: sham (control) or renal ischemia treated with saline, NAC 20 mg/kg, DFX 20 mg/kg or both antioxidants. Complex I activity was inhibited in hippocampus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex of rats 1 and 6 h after renal ischemia and that the treatment with a combination of NAC and DFX prevented such effect. Complex I activity was not altered in hippocampus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex of rats 12 h after renal ischemia. Complexes II and III activities were not altered in hippocampus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex of rats 1, 6 and 12 h after renal ischemia. Complex IV activity was inhibited in hippocampus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex of rats 1 h after renal ischemia, but the treatment with the combination of NAC and DFX was able to prevent this inhibition. Complex IV activity was not altered in hippocampus, striatum, prefrontal cortex and cerebral cortex of rats 6 and 12 h after renal ischemia. These results suggest that the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain after renal ischemia might play a role in the pathogenesis of uremic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Barbosa
- Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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26
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Sifroni KG, Damiani CR, Stoffel C, Cardoso MR, Ferreira GK, Jeremias IC, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Schuck PF, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Mitochondrial respiratory chain in the colonic mucosal of patients with ulcerative colitis. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 342:111-5. [PMID: 20440543 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large bowel. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, but it appears to result from a deregulated immune response, with infiltration of leukocytes into the mucosal interstitium. Several studies link oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction to the pathogenesis of UC. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the colonic mucosal of UC patients. Colonic biopsies were obtained from UC patients (n = 13). The control specimens were taken from patients without any history of inflammatory bowel disease (n = 8). Colon mucosal was removed by colonoscopy and homogenized. Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activities were then measured. Our results showed that the activity of complex I was not altered in UC patients, when compared to the control group. On the other hand, complexes II, III, and IV were decreased around 50-60% in the colonic mucosal of UC patients. Based on the present findings, we hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in pathogenesis of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla G Sifroni
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Scaini G, Santos PM, Benedet J, Rochi N, Gomes LM, Borges LS, Rezin GT, Pezente DP, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Evaluation of Krebs cycle enzymes in the brain of rats after chronic administration of antidepressants. Brain Res Bull 2010; 82:224-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Freitas TP, Scaini G, Corrêa C, Santos PM, Ferreira GK, Rezin GT, Moretti M, Valvassori SS, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Evaluation of brain creatine kinase activity in an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2010; 117:149-53. [PMID: 19911114 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and severe mood disorder associated with higher rates of suicide and disability. The development of new animal models, and the investigation employing those available have extensively contributed to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ouabain, a specific Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitor, has been used as an animal model for BD. It has been demonstrated that Na+,K+-ATPase is altered in psychiatric disorders, especially BD. Creatine kinase (CK) is important for brain energy homeostasis by exerting several integrated functions. In the present study,we evaluated CK activity in the striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats subjected to i.c.v. administration of ouabain. Adult male Wistar rats received a single i.c.v. administration of ouabain (10(-2) and 10(-3) M) or vehicle (control group). Locomotor activity was measured using the open field test. CK activity was measured in the brain of rats immediately (1 h) and 7 days after ouabain administration. Our results showed that spontaneous locomotion was increased 1 h after ouabain administration and that hyperlocomotion was also observed 7 days after that.Moreover, CK activity was inhibited immediately after the administration of ouabain in the striatum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Moreover, the enzyme was not affected in the striatum and hippocampus 7 days after ouabain administration. On the other hand, an inhibition in CK activity in the prefrontal cortex was observed. If inhibition of CK also occurs in BD patients, it will be tempting to speculate that the reduction of brain metabolism may be related probably to the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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29
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Freitas TP, Rezin GT, Gonçalves CL, Jeremias GC, Gomes LM, Scaini G, Teodorak BP, Valvassori SS, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Evaluation of citrate synthase activity in brain of rats submitted to an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 341:245-9. [PMID: 20372980 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression. The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) administration of ouabain (a Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor) in rats has been used as an animal model of mania, because present face, construct and predictive validities. Several studies strongly suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction play a central role in the pathophysiology of BD. Citrate synthase (CS) is an enzyme localized in the mitochondrial matrix and represents one of the most important steps of Krebs cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate CS activity in brain of rats after the administration of ouabain. Adult male Wistar rats received a single i.c.v. administration of ouabain (10(-2) and 10(-3) M) or vehicle (control group). Locomotor activity was measured using the open field task. CS activity was measured in the brain of rats immediately (1 h) and 7 days after ouabain administration. Our results showed that spontaneous locomotion was increased 1 h after ouabain administration, and that the hyperlocomotion persists 7 days after the administration. Moreover, CS activity was inhibited immediately after the administration of ouabain in the prefrontal cortex at the doses of 10(-3) and 10(-2) M. This inhibition remains by 7 days after the administration of ouabain. On the other hand, it was not observed any difference in CS activity in the hippocampus and striatum. Considering that inhibition of CS activity may reflect a mitochondrial dysfunction, it is tempting to speculate that the reduction of brain energy metabolism might be related to the pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Assis LC, Rezin GT, Comim CM, Valvassori SS, Jeremias IC, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Effect of acute administration of ketamine and imipramine on creatine kinase activity in the brain of rats. Braz J Psychiatry 2010; 31:247-52. [PMID: 19784492 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462009000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical findings suggest that ketamine may be used for the treatment of major depression. The present study aimed to compare behavioral effects and brain Creatine kinase activity in specific brain regions after administration of ketamine and imipramine in rats. METHOD Rats were acutely given ketamine or imipramine and antidepressant-like activity was assessed by the forced swimming test; Creatine kinase activity was measured in different regions of the brain. RESULTS The results showed that ketamine (10 and 15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) reduced immobility time when compared to saline group. We also observed that ketamine (10 and 15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) increased Creatine kinase activity in striatum and cerebral cortex. Ketamine at the highest dose (15mg/kg) and imipramine (20 and 30mg/kg) increased Creatine kinase activity in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. On the other hand, hippocampus was not affected. CONCLUSION Considering that metabolism impairment is probably involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders, the modulation of energy metabolism (like increase in Creatine kinase activity) by antidepressants could be an important mechanism of action of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara C Assis
- Experimental Physiopathology Laboratory, Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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31
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Tuon L, Comim CM, Fraga DB, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Baptista BR, Streck EL, Vainzof M, Quevedo J. Mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in mdx
mouse brain. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41:257-60. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.21559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Santos PM, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Benedet J, Rochi N, Jeremias GC, Carvalho-Silva M, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Brain creatine kinase activity is increased by chronic administration of paroxetine. Brain Res Bull 2009; 80:327-30. [PMID: 19772902 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 09/12/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is a serious and recurrent disorder often manifested with symptoms at the psychological, behavioral, and physiological levels. In addition, several works also suggest brain metabolism impairment as a mechanism underlying depression. Creatine kinase (CK) plays a central role in the metabolism of high-energy consuming tissues such as brain, where it functions as an effective buffering system of cellular ATP levels. Considering that CK plays an important role in brain energy homeostasis and that some antidepressants may modulate energy metabolism, we decided to investigate CK activity from rat brain after chronic administration of paroxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), nortriptiline (tricyclic antidepressant) and venlafaxine (selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor). Adult male Wistar rats received daily injections of paroxetine (10 mg/kg), nortriptiline (15 mg/kg), venlafaxine (10 mg/kg) or saline in 1.0 mL/kg volume for 15 days. Twelve hours after the last administration, the rats were killed by decapitation, the hippocampus, striatum and prefrontal cortex were immediately removed, and activity of CK was measured. Our results demonstrated that chronic administration of paroxetine increased CK activity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum of adult rats. On the other hand, nortriptiline and venlafaxine chronic administration did not affect CK activity in these brain areas. In order to verify whether the effect of paroxetine on CK is direct or indirect, we also measured the in vitro effect of this drug on the activity of the enzyme. We verified that paroxetine did not affect CK activity in vitro. Considering that metabolism impairment is probably involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders, an increase in CK activity by antidepressants may be an important mechanism of action of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Santos
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Agostinho FR, Scaini G, Ferreira GK, Jeremias IC, Réus GZ, Rezin GT, Castro AA, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Effects of olanzapine, fluoxetine and olanzapine/fluoxetine on creatine kinase activity in rat brain. Brain Res Bull 2009; 80:337-40. [PMID: 19748553 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a fixed combination of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine and the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine has been approved in the US for the treatment of bipolar I depression. In this work, we evaluated the effect of acute and chronic administration of fluoxetine, olanzapine and the combination of fluoxetine/olanzapine on creatine kinase (CK) activity in the brain of rats. For acute treatment, adult male Wistar rats received one single injection of olanzapine (3 or 6 mg/kg) and/or fluoxetine (12.5 or 25mg/kg). For chronic treatment, adult male Wistar rats received daily injections of olanzapine (3 or 6 mg/kg) and/or fluoxetine (12.5 or 25mg/kg) for 28 days. In the present study we observed that acute administration of OLZ inhibited CK activity in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. The acute administration of FLX inhibited creatine kinase in cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex. In the chronic treatment, when the animals were killed 2h after the last injection a decrease in creatine kinase activity after FLX administration, alone or in combination with OLZ, in cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex of rats occurred. However, when the animals were killed 24h after the last injection, we found no alterations in the enzyme. Although it is difficult to extrapolate our findings to the human condition, the inhibition of creatine kinase activity by these drugs may be associated to the occurrence of some side effects of OLZ and FLX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano R Agostinho
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Pacheco GS, Panatto JP, Fagundes DA, Scaini G, Bassani C, Jeremias IC, Rezin GT, Constantino L, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Brain creatine kinase activity is inhibited after hepatic failure induced by carbon tetrachloride or acetaminophen. Metab Brain Dis 2009; 24:383-94. [PMID: 19688255 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-009-9143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Encephalopathy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with severe hepatic failure and the mechanisms underlying hepatic encephalopathy are still not fully known. Considering that creatine kinase (CK) play a crucial role in brain energy homeostasis and is inhibited by free radicals, and that oxidative stress is probably involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, we evaluated CK activity in hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, cerebral cortex and prefrontal cortex of rats submitted to acute administration of carbon tetrachloride or acetaminophen. The effects of the administration of antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) plus deferoxamine (DFX) in association, and taurine, were also evaluated. Our findings demonstrated that carbon tetrachloride inhibited CK activity in cerebellum; acetaminophen inhibited the enzyme in cerebellum and hippocampus. CK activity was not affected in other brain areas. The administration of NAC plus DFX reversed the inhibition of CK activity caused by carbon tetrachloride in cerebellum and by acetaminophen in cerebellum and hippocampus. On the other hand, taurine was not able to reverse the inhibition in CK activity. Although it is difficult to extrapolate our findings to the human condition, the inhibition of brain CK activity after hepatic failure may be involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo S Pacheco
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Dal-Pizzol F, Ritter C, Cassol-Jr OJ, Rezin GT, Petronilho F, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Oxidative Mechanisms of Brain Dysfunction During Sepsis. Neurochem Res 2009; 35:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-0043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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36
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Petronilho F, Araújo JH, Steckert AV, Rezin GT, Ferreira GK, Roesler R, Schwartsmann G, Dal-Pizzol F, Streck EL. Effect of a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist and a proton pump inhibitor association in an animal model of gastritis. Peptides 2009; 30:1460-5. [PMID: 19505518 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species play a causative role of gastric mucosal damage induced by increased gastric secretion. Gastrin-releasing peptide is a typical neuropeptide that stimulates acid secretion by release of gastrin. In the present work we have investigated the mechanism of indomethacin (IDM)-induced gastric ulcer caused by ROS and determined the effects of a selective gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist, RC-3095, alone and in association with omeprazole (OM) and compared it with an established antioxidant compound N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Adult male Wistar rats were pre-treated for 7 days with OM, RC-3095, NAC, both drugs and water (control). The animals were then submitted to fasting for 24h; IDM was administered. Rats were killed 6h after that and the stomachs were used for evaluation of macroscopic damage and oxidative stress parameters. Our results showed that IDM increased mitochondrial superoxide production; OM and RC-3095 alone did not prevent such effect, but the combination of these drugs was effective. TBARS assay revealed that IDM-induced lipid peroxidation in gastric tissue and that OM and RC-3095, alone or in combination, prevented this effect with superior action that NAC. Finally, we verified that IDM increased protein carbonyl content and that this effect was prevented RC-3095, alone or in combination with OM, being similar to standard antioxidant. The present results support the view that, besides the inhibition of acid secretion, the protective effects exerted by OM and RC-3095 against IDM-induced gastric damage can be ascribed to a reduction of gastric oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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37
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Barichello T, Silva GZ, Savi GD, Torquato JM, Batista AL, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Santos PM, Feier G, Streck EL. Brain creatine kinase activity after meningitis induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Brain Res Bull 2009; 80:85-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Rezin GT, Gonçalves CL, Daufenbach JF, Fraga DB, Santos PM, Ferreira GK, Hermani FV, Comim CM, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Acute administration of ketamine reverses the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain induced by chronic mild stress. Brain Res Bull 2009; 79:418-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Freitas TP, Gomes M, Fraga DB, Freitas LS, Rezin GT, Santos PM, Silveira PC, Paula MM, Pinho RA, Streck EL. Effect of therapeutic pulsed ultrasound on lipoperoxidation and fibrogenesis in an animal model of wound healing. J Surg Res 2009; 161:168-71. [PMID: 19577772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from the literature has shown that the wound healing process is enhanced by ultrasound therapy. In the present study, we measured thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS; index of lipoperoxidation) and hydroxyproline (index of collagen synthesis) levels in wounds after therapeutic pulsed ultrasound (TPU) treatment. Male Wistar rats were submitted to skin ulceration, and three doses of TPU (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8W/cm(2)) were used. A circular area of skin was removed with a punch biopsy from the medial dorsal region. After TPU for 10 days, TBARS (Draper and Hadley [21]) and hydroxyproline (Woessner [22]) levels were measured in the tissue around the wound. Results showed that TPU improved wound healing, since the wound size was significantly smaller 5 and 10 days after ulceration in groups submitted to this treatment. Moreover, TBARS levels were decreased in the 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8W/cm(2) TPU groups, and hydroxyproline levels were increased in the 0.6 and 0.8W/cm(2) TPU groups. These findings indicate that TPU presents beneficial effects on the wound healing process, probably by speeding up the inflammatory phase and inducing collagen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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40
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Zugno AI, Valvassori SS, Scherer EBS, Mattos C, Matté C, Ferreira CL, Rezin GT, Wyse ATS, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Na+,K+-ATPase activity in an animal model of mania. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:431-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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41
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Freitas TP, Silveira PC, Rocha LG, Rezin GT, Rocha J, Citadini-Zanette V, Romão PT, Dal-Pizzol F, Pinho RA, Andrade VM, Streck EL. Effects ofMikania glomerataSpreng. andMikania laevigataSchultz Bip. ex Baker (Asteraceae) Extracts on Pulmonary Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Caused by Acute Coal Dust Exposure. J Med Food 2008; 11:761-6. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago P. Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. Silveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luís G. Rocha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine T. Rezin
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Rocha
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanilde Citadini-Zanette
- Laboratório de Herbário Pe. Dr. Raulino Reitz, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Pedro T. Romão
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. Pinho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M. Andrade
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Mutagênese, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Emilio L. Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Rezin GT, Cardoso MR, Gonçalves CL, Scaini G, Fraga DB, Riegel RE, Comim CM, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain in brain of rats subjected to an experimental model of depression. Neurochem Int 2008; 53:395-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2008] [Revised: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Streck EL, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Moreira J, Fochesato CM, Romão PRT. Effects of the HIV treatment drugs nevirapine and efavirenz on brain creatine kinase activity. Metab Brain Dis 2008; 23:485-92. [PMID: 18815873 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-008-9109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 08/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV) are antiretroviral drugs belonging to potent class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) widely used for the treatment human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It has been demonstrated that NVP and EFV are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and arrive at the central nervous system (CNS), causing important adverse effects related to their presence within this tissue. Considering that the exact mechanisms responsible for CNS toxicity associated with NVP and EFV remain unknown and that creatine kinase (CK) plays an important role in cell energy homeostasis, in the present work we evaluated CK activity in brain of mice after chronic administration of these drugs. Our results demonstrated that NVP and EFV significantly inhibited CK activity in cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and cortex of mice. Although it is difficult to extrapolate our findings to the human condition, the inhibition of brain CK activity by NVP and EFV may be associated with neurological adverse symptoms of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Rezin GT, Amboni G, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Mitochondrial dysfunction and psychiatric disorders. Neurochem Res 2008; 34:1021-9. [PMID: 18979198 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-008-9865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is the major ATP-producing pathway, which supplies more than 95% of the total energy requirement in the cells. Damage to the mitochondrial electron transport chain has been suggested to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of a range of psychiatric disorders. Tissues with high energy demands, such as the brain, contain a large number of mitochondria, being therefore more susceptible to reduction of the aerobic metabolism. Mitochondrial dysfunction results from alterations in biochemical cascade and the damage to the mitochondrial electron transport chain has been suggested to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia. Bipolar disorder is a prevalent psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression. Recent studies have demonstrated that important enzymes involved in brain energy are altered in bipolar disorder patients and after amphetamine administration, an animal model of mania. Depressive disorders, including major depression, are serious and disabling. However, the exact pathophysiology of depression is not clearly understood. Several works have demonstrated that metabolism is impaired in some animal models of depression, induced by chronic stress, especially the activities of the complexes of mitochondrial respiratory chain. Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder characterized by disturbed thoughts and perception, alongside cognitive and emotional decline associated with a severe reduction in occupational and social functioning, and in coping abilities. Alterations of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in schizophrenia have been reported in several brain regions and also in platelets. Abnormal mitochondrial morphology, size and density have all been reported in the brains of schizophrenic individuals. Considering that several studies link energy impairment to neuronal death, neurodegeneration and disease, this review article discusses energy impairment as a mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of some psychiatric disorders, like bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
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Scaini G, Fagundes AO, Rezin GT, Gomes KM, Zugno AI, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Methylphenidate increases creatine kinase activity in the brain of young and adult rats. Life Sci 2008; 83:795-800. [PMID: 18938183 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The high prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the increased therapeutic use of methylphenidate (MPH) raise some concerns regarding its long-term side effects and safety profile. Considering that MPH effects on brain metabolism are poorly known and that creatine kinase (CK) plays an important role in cell energy homeostasis, we evaluated CK activity in the brain of young and adult rats following acute (one injection) or chronic (28 days) administration of MPH. MAIN METHODS MPH was acutely or chronically administered to young and adult rats. For acute administration, a single injection of MPH was given to rats on postnatal day (PD) 25 or PD 60, in the young and adult groups, respectively. For chronic administration, MPH injections were given to young rats starting at PD 25 once daily for 28 days (last injection at PD 53). In adult rats, the same regimen was performed starting at PD 60 (last injection at PD 88). CK activity was measured in brain homogenates. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that MPH acute administration increased the enzyme in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex, but not cerebellum of young and adult rats. Chronic administration of MPH also increased CK activity in these brain regions, as well as the cerebellum, in young and adult rats. The highest dose (10.0 mg/kg) presented more pronouncing effects. SIGNIFICANCE The present findings suggest that acute or chronic exposure to MPH increased CK activity, an enzyme involved in energy homeostasis, in the brain of young and adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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46
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Comim CM, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Di-Pietro PB, Cardoso MR, Petronilho FC, Ritter C, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in rat brain after sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation. Mitochondrion 2008; 8:313-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2008] [Revised: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zapelini PH, Rezin GT, Cardoso MR, Ritter C, Klamt F, Moreira JCF, Streck EL, Dal-Pizzol F. Antioxidant treatment reverses mitochondrial dysfunction in a sepsis animal model. Mitochondrion 2008; 8:211-8. [PMID: 18417427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from the literature has demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the development of multiple organ failure and septic shock. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The hypothesis of cytopathic hypoxia postulates that impairment in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reduces aerobic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and potentially induces MODS. In this work, our aim was to evaluate the effects of antioxidants on oxidative damage and energy metabolism parameters in liver of rats submitted to a cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. We speculate that CLP induces a sequence of events that culminate with liver cells death. We propose that mitochondrial superoxide production induces mitochondrial oxidative damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, swelling and release of cytochrome c. These events occur in early sepsis development, as reported in the present work. Liver cells necrosis only occurs 24 h after CLP, but all other events occur earlier (6-12 h). Moreover, we showed that antioxidants may prevent oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in liver of rats after CLP. In another set of experiments, we verified that L-NAME administration did not reverse increase of superoxide anion production, TBARS formation, protein carbonylation, mitochondrial swelling, increased serum AST or inhibition on complex IV activity caused by CLP. Considering that this drug inhibits nitric oxide synthase and that no parameter was reversed by its administration, we suggest that all the events reported in this study are not mediated by nitric oxide. In conclusion, although it is difficult to extrapolate our findings to human, it is tempting to speculate that antioxidants may be used in the future in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula H Zapelini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Criciúma 88006-000, SC, Brazil
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Streck EL, Rezin GT, Barbosa LM, Assis LC, Grandi E, Quevedo J. Effect of antipsychotics on succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activities in rat brain. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2007; 376:127-33. [PMID: 17673979 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs have been shown to have different clinical, biochemical, and behavioral profiles. It is well described that impairment of metabolism, especially in the mitochondria, leads to oxidative stress and neuronal death and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases in the brain. Considering that some effects of chronic use of antipsychotic drugs are still not well known and that succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) are crucial enzymes of mitochondria, in this work, we evaluated the activities of these enzymes in rat brain after haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine, or aripiprazole chronic administration. Adult male Wistar rats received daily injections of haloperidol (1.5 mg/kg), clozapine (25 mg/kg), olanzapine (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg), or aripiprazole (2, 10 or 20 mg/kg) for 28 days. We verified that COX was not altered by any drug tested. Moreover, our results demonstrated that the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine inhibited SDH in the cerebellum and aripiprazole increased the enzyme in the prefrontal cortex. We also observed that haloperidol inhibited SDH in the striatum and hippocampus, whereas clozapine inhibited the enzyme only in the striatum. These results showed that antipsychotic drugs altered SDH activity but not COX. In this context, haloperidol, olanzapine, and clozapine may impair energy metabolism in some brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Fagundes AO, Rezin GT, Zanette F, Grandi E, Assis LC, Dal-Pizzol F, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Chronic administration of methylphenidate activates mitochondrial respiratory chain in brain of young rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2006; 25:47-51. [PMID: 17188451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 11/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylphenidate is frequently prescribed for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychostimulants can cause long-lasting neurochemical and behavioral adaptations. The exact mechanisms underlying its therapeutic and adverse effects are still not well understood. In this context, it was previously demonstrated that methylphenidate altered brain metabolic activity, evaluated by glucose consumption. Most cell energy is obtained through oxidative phosphorylation, in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Tissues with high energy demands, such as the brain, contain a large number of mitochondria. In this work, our aim was to measure the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II and IV and succinate dehydrogenase in cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebral cortex of young rats (starting on 25th post-natal day and finishing on 53rd post-natal day) chronically treated with methylphenidate. Our results showed that mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes activities were increased by chronic administration of this drug. Succinate dehydrogenase was activated in cerebellum, prefrontal cortex and striatum, but did not change in hippocampus and brain cortex. Complex II activity was increased in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex and was not affected in hippocampus, striatum and brain cortex. Finally, complex IV activity was increased in cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and brain cortex, and was not affected in prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that chronic exposure to methylphenidate in young rats increases mitochondrial enzymes involved in brain metabolism. Further research is being carried out in order to better understand the effects of this drug on developing nervous system and the potential consequences in adulthood resulting from early-life drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana O Fagundes
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Búrigo M, Roza CA, Bassani C, Fagundes DA, Rezin GT, Feier G, Dal-Pizzol F, Quevedo J, Streck EL. Effect of Electroconvulsive Shock on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain in Rat Brain. Neurochem Res 2006; 31:1375-9. [PMID: 17063391 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
It is well described that impairment of energy production has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. Although several advances have occurred over the past 20 years concerning the use and administration of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to minimize its side effects, little progress has been made in understanding its mechanism of action. In this work, our aim was to measure the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II and IV and succinate dehydrogenase from rat brain after acute and chronic electroconvulsive shock (ECS). Our results showed that mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes activities were increased after acute ECS in hippocampus, striatum and cortex of rats. Besides, we also demonstrated that complex II activity was increased after chronic ECS in cortex, while hippocampus and striatum were not affected. Succinate dehydrogenase, however, was inhibited after chronic ECS in striatum, activated in cortex and not affected in hippocampus. Finally, complex IV was not affected by chronic ECS in hippocampus, striatum and cortex. Our findings demonstrated that brain metabolism is altered by ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Búrigo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil,
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