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Matias G, Cagnacci F, Rosalino LM. FSC forest certification effects on biodiversity: A global review and meta-analysis. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168296. [PMID: 37926251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
FSC is a worldwide recognized forest certification scheme, that aims to promote the environmentally responsible management and conservation of the world's forests. Despite its broad application, there is little evidence of its effect on biodiversity. To address this important knowledge gap, here we conducted a systematic review and a hierarchical meta-analysis of the effects of FSC on biodiversity worldwide. Our review yielded 57 studies spanning 2004-2022. Most studies were in the Americas and Europe (31 % and 28 %, respectively), and largely focused on vascular plants (41 %). Half (51 %) of the studies aimed to determine the effect of FSC certification on biodiversity. There were 15 studies with sufficient information for meta-analysis, resulting in 231 effect sizes for mammal, bird, and vascular plant abundance and 10 for vascular plant richness. Overall, there is a neutral effect of certification on taxa abundance, with only a positive effect on mammal assemblages. Responses varied considerably between mammals' traits. Threatened species, individuals with reduced body weight, and omnivorous species benefit from management under the FSC scheme. Vascular plant richness exhibited significantly higher values in FSC-certified areas. Moreover, the abundance of vascular plants also differs among traits, with shrubs and adult trees benefiting from FSC certification. Our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed strong variation in biodiversity responses to FSC, and major geographic and taxonomic knowledge gaps. The overall neutral effect and the divergent responses of taxa and species traits suggest that taxa/species-specific management and improvement of FSC criteria are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Matias
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Animal Ecology Unit, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Luís Miguel Rosalino
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Dourado MLBF, Matias G, Sandes AF, Goncalves MV, Molla VC, Guirao FP, Barbosa MCR, Yamamoto M, Rodrigues CA, Kerbauy FR. O VALOR DA DOENÇA RESIDUAL MENSURÁVEL POR CITOMETRIA DE FLUXO NA LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE AGUDA: DO TRATAMENTO QUIMIOTERÁPICO AO PÓS-TRANSPLANTE. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Matias G, Rosalino LM, Rosa JL, Monterroso P. Wildcat population density in
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Portugal: A regional stronghold for a nationally threatened felid. POPUL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/1438-390x.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Matias
- cE3c‐Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Rosalino
- cE3c‐Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - José Luís Rosa
- Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e Florestas Bragança Portugal
| | - Pedro Monterroso
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
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Matias G, Seiwald M, Oliveira C, Sá D, Gandolpho L, Kerbauy F. DESFECHO CLÍNICO EM PACIENTES COM LEUCEMIA AGUDA E COLONIZAÇÃO POR BACTÉRIAS MULTI-DROGA RESISTENTE. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.10.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ray R, Dos Santos G, Buck PO, Claeys C, Matias G, Innis BL, Bekkat-Berkani R. A review of the value of quadrivalent influenza vaccines and their potential contribution to influenza control. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1640-1652. [PMID: 28532276 PMCID: PMC5512791 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1313375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of influenza B to the seasonal influenza burden varies from year-to-year. Although 2 antigenically distinct influenza B virus lineages have co-circulated since 2001, trivalent influenza vaccines (TIVs) contain antigens from only one influenza B virus. B-mismatch or co-circulation of both B lineages results in increased morbidity and mortality attributable to the B lineage absent from the vaccine. Quadrivalent vaccines (QIVs) contain both influenza B lineages. We reviewed currently licensed QIVs and their value by focusing on the preventable disease burden. Modeling studies support that QIVs are expected to prevent more influenza cases, hospitalisations and deaths than TIVs, although estimates of the case numbers prevented vary according to local specificities. The value of QIVs is demonstrated by their capacity to broaden the immune response and reduce the likelihood of a B-mismatched season. Some health authorities have preferentially recommended QIVs over TIVs in their influenza prevention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaël Dos Santos
- b Business & Decision Life Sciences , Brussels , Belgium (on behalf of GSK)
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Matias G, Taylor R, Haguinet F, Schuck-Paim C, Lustig R, Shinde V. Estimates of hospitalization attributable to influenza and RSV in the US during 1997-2009, by age and risk status. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:271. [PMID: 28320361 PMCID: PMC5359836 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden must be periodically updated to inform public health strategies. We estimated seasonal influenza- and RSV-attributable hospitalizations in the US from 1997 to 2009 according to age and risk status (NCT01599390). METHODS Multiple linear regression modelling was used to attribute hospitalizations to influenza or RSV using virological surveillance and hospitalization data. Hospitalization data were obtained from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample and virology data were obtained from FluView (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Outcomes included any mention of ICD-coded respiratory disease and cardiorespiratory disease diagnoses. We also explored a broader definition of respiratory disease that included mention of relevant respiratory sign/symptoms and viral infection ("respiratory broad"). RESULTS Applying the respiratory broad outcome, our model attributed ~300,000 and ~200,000 hospitalizations to influenza and RSV, respectively. Influenza A/H3N2 was the predominant cause of influenza-related hospitalizations in most seasons, except in three seasons when influenza B was dominant; likewise, A/H3N2 caused most influenza-related hospitalizations in all age segments, except in children <18 years where the relative contribution of A/H3N2 and B was similar. Most influenza A- and B-related hospitalizations occurred in seniors while approximately one half and one third of all RSV-related events occurred in children 0-4 years and seniors 65+ years, respectively. High-risk status was associated with higher risk of both influenza- and RSV-attributable hospitalizations in adults, but not in children. CONCLUSIONS Our study assessed the burden of influenza and RSV, information that is important for both cost effectiveness studies and for prioritization of the development of antivirals and vaccines. For seniors, we found that the burdens of influenza and RSV were both substantial. Among children <18 years, about half of all influenza hospitalizations were due to influenza B, most occurring in children without noted risk conditions. RSV hospitalizations among children were confined to those 0-4 years. Our study also demonstrated the importance of the outcome used to estimate hospitalization burden. Our findings highlight the burden of influenza among children regardless of risk status and underscore the prevalence of RSV infections among both young children and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vivek Shinde
- GSK, King of Prussia, USA.,Present Address: Novavax Vaccines, Washington, DC, USA
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Kim WJ, Lee JS, Lee CK, Cheong HJ, Kim M, Monegal JS, Carneiro R, Kyaw MH, Haguinet F, Ray R, Matias G. Clinical Features of Influenza and Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults at Least 50 Years of Age in an Outpatient Setting in the Republic of Korea: a Prospective, Observational, Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:407-414. [PMID: 28145642 PMCID: PMC5290098 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.3.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two prospective, multi-centre, observational studies (GlaxoSmithKline [GSK] identifier No. 110938 and 112519) were performed over 2 influenza seasons (2007-2008 and 2008-2009) in the Republic of Korea (ROK) with the aim to evaluate the burden of laboratory-confirmed influenza (LCI) in patients ≥ 50 years of age seeking medical attention for acute respiratory illness (ARI). The median participant age was 58 years in the 2007-2008 season and 60 years in the 2008-2009 season. LCI was observed in 101/346 (29.2%) of ARI patients in the 2007-2008 season and in 166/443 (37.5%) of ARI patients in the 2008-2009 season. Compared to patients with non-influenza ARI, those with LCI had higher rates of decreased daily activities (60.4% vs. 32.9% in 2007-2008 and 46.4% vs. 25.8% in 2008-2009), work absenteeism (51.1% vs. 25.6% and 14.4% vs. 7.7%), and longer duration of illness. These results indicated that influenza is an important cause of ARI in adults aged 50 and older causing more severe illness than non-influenza related ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Joo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Inha Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chang Kyu Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Matias G, Haguinet F, Lustig RL, Edelman L, Chowell G, Taylor RJ. Model estimates of the burden of outpatient visits attributable to influenza in the United States. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:641. [PMID: 27821091 PMCID: PMC5100308 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although many studies have modelled the national burdens of hospitalizations and deaths due to influenza, few studies have considered the outpatient burden. To fill this gap for the United States (US), we applied traditional statistical modelling approaches to time series derived from large medical claims databases held in the private sector. Methods We accessed ICD-9-coded office visit data extracted from Truven Health Analytics’ MarketScan Commercial database covering about one third of the US population <65 years during 2001–2009, and Medicare Supplemental data covering about one fifth of US seniors 65+ during 2006–2009. We extracted weekly time series of visits due to respiratory diagnoses, otitis media (OM), and urinary tract infections (UTI), a “negative control”. We used multiple linear regression modelling to estimate age-specific influenza-related excess in office visits. Results In the <65 year age group, in the 8 pre-pandemic seasons studied and for the broadest defined respiratory outcome, the model attributed an average of ~14.5 M (Standard deviation [SD] across seasons 3.9 million) office visits to influenza (rate of 5,581/100,000 population). Of these, ~80 % of visits occurred in the 5–17 and 18–49 age group. In school children aged 5–17 year olds and adult 18–64 year age groups the majority of visits were due to influenza B, while A/H3N2 explained most visits in children <5 year olds. The model further attributed ~2.2 M OM visits (SD across seasons 790,000) annually to influenza, of which 86 % of these occurred in children <18 years; this indicates that 6.4 % of all infants <2 years and 4.9 % of all toddlers aged 2–4 years in the US have an influenza-attributable outpatient visit with an OM diagnosis. In seniors 65 years and older, our model attributed ~0.7 M (SD across seasons 351,000) respiratory visits to influenza (rate of 1,887/100,000 population). The model identified no significant excess UTI (negative control) visits in most seasons. Conclusions This is to our knowledge a first study of the outpatient burden of influenza in the US in a large database. The model estimated that 10 % of all children <18 years and 4 % of the entire population <65 years seek outpatient care for respiratory illness attributable to influenza annually. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT02019732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Matias
- GSK Vaccines, Avenue Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - François Haguinet
- GSK Vaccines, Avenue Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Roger L Lustig
- Sage Analytica, 4915 St. Elmo Ave., Suite 205, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Laurel Edelman
- Symphony Health Solutions, Suite 100, 550 Blair Mill Road, Horsham, PA, 19044, USA.,Present address: Independent Outcomes and Healthcare Researcher, 1591 White Chimney Road, West Chester, PA, 19380, USA
| | - Gerardo Chowell
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert J Taylor
- Sage Analytica, 4915 St. Elmo Ave., Suite 205, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Mendonça MD, Guedes M, Matias G, Costa J, Viana-Baptista M. Steroid-responsive painful ophthalmoplegia: Tolosa–Hunt syndrome, Eales disease, or both? Cephalalgia 2016; 37:191-194. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102416631282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Tolosa–Hunt syndrome (THS) is one of the most common ‘benign’ causes of painful ophthalmoplegia. Diagnosis is based on clinical and imaging findings and the exclusion of other causes because there is no specific biomarker for the syndrome. Eales disease, an idiopathic inflammatory venous disease that primarily affects the eye, can also affect the central (as stroke or myelitis) and peripheral nervous system. Case report We report the case of a 32-year-old woman with a subacute left ophthalmoplegia and evidence of a gadolinium-enhanced lesion suggesting an inflammatory granuloma that resolved within 48 hours after treatment with steroids. A diagnosis of THS was considered at this time. On a follow-up ophthalmological examination, a diagnosis of Eales disease with involvement of the left eye was made. The patient was treated successfully. Conclusion Eales disease could be a cause of painful ophthalmoplegia and may mimic THS. Long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed with THS may be necessary to exclude other diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D Mendonça
- Neurology Department, Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Guedes
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Matias
- Neurology Department, Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Costa
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Viana-Baptista
- Neurology Department, Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Matias G, Taylor RJ, Haguinet F, Schuck-Paim C, Lustig RL, Fleming DM. Modelling estimates of age-specific influenza-related hospitalisation and mortality in the United Kingdom. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:481. [PMID: 27278794 PMCID: PMC4898386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza is rarely confirmed with laboratory testing and accurate assessment of the overall burden of influenza is difficult. We used statistical modelling methods to generate updated, granular estimates of the number/rate of influenza-attributable hospitalisations and deaths in the United Kingdom. Such data are needed on a continuing basis to inform on cost-benefit analyses of treatment interventions, including vaccination. METHODS Weekly age specific data on hospital admissions (1997-2009) and on deaths (1997-2009) were obtained from national databases. Virology reports (1996-2009) of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus detections were provided by Public Health England. We used an expanded set of ICD-codes to estimate the burden of illness attributable to influenza which we refer to as 'respiratory disease broadly defined'. These codes were chosen to optimise the balance between sensitivity and specificity. A multiple linear regression model controlled for respiratory syncytial virus circulation, with stratification by age and the presence of comorbid risk status (conditions associated with severe influenza outcomes). RESULTS In the United Kingdom there were 28,516 hospitalisations and 7163 deaths estimated to be attributable to influenza respiratory disease in a mean season, with marked variability between seasons. The highest incidence rates of influenza-attributable hospitalisations and deaths were observed in adults aged 75+ years (252/100,000 and 131/100,000 population, respectively). Influenza B hospitalisations were highest among 5-17 year olds (12/100,000 population). Of all estimated influenza respiratory deaths in 75+ year olds, 50 % occurred out of hospital, and 25 % in 50-64 year olds. Rates of hospitalisations and death due to influenza-attributable respiratory disease were increased in adults identified as at-risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study points to a substantial but highly variable seasonal influenza burden in all age groups, particularly affecting 75+ year olds. Effective influenza prevention or early intervention with anti-viral treatment in this age group may substantially impact the disease burden and associated healthcare costs. The high burden of influenza B hospitalisation among 5-17 year olds supports current United Kingdom vaccine policy to extend quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccination to this age group. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT01520935.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Matias
- GSK Vaccines, Avenue Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - Robert J Taylor
- Sage Analytica, 4915 St. Elmo Avenue, Suite 205, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - François Haguinet
- GSK Vaccines, Avenue Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, Wavre, Belgium
| | | | - Roger L Lustig
- Sage Analytica, 4915 St. Elmo Avenue, Suite 205, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Taylor S, Taylor RJ, Lustig RL, Schuck-Paim C, Haguinet F, Webb DJ, Logie J, Matias G, Fleming DM. Modelling estimates of the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children in the UK. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009337. [PMID: 27256085 PMCID: PMC4893852 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) illness is not well characterised in primary care. We estimated the burden of disease attributable to RSV in children in the UK between 1995 and 2009. DESIGN Time-series regression modelling. SETTING A multiple linear regression model based on weekly viral surveillance (RSV and influenza, Public Health England), and controlled for non-specific seasonal drivers of disease, estimated the proportion of general practitioner (GP) episodes of care (counted as first visit in a series within 28 days; Clinical Practice Research Datalink, CPRD), hospitalisations (Hospital Episode Statistics, HES) and deaths (Office of National Statistics, ONS) attributable to RSV each season. PARTICIPANTS Children 0-17 years registered with a GP in CPRD, or with a respiratory disease outcome in the HES or ONS databases. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES RSV-attributable burden of GP episodes, hospitalisations and deaths due to respiratory disease by age. RSV-attributable burden associated with selected antibiotic prescriptions. RESULTS RSV-attributable respiratory disease in the UK resulted in an estimated 450 158 GP episodes, 29 160 hospitalisations and 83 deaths per average season in children and adolescents, with the highest proportions in children <6 months of age (14 441/100 000 population, 4184/100 000 and 6/100 000, respectively). In an average season, there were an estimated 125 478 GP episodes for otitis media and 416 133 prescriptions for antibiotics attributable to RSV. More GP episodes, hospitalisations and deaths from respiratory disease were attributable to RSV than to influenza in children under 5 years. CONCLUSIONS The burden of RSV in children in the UK exceeds that of influenza. RSV in children and adolescents contributes substantially to GP office visits for a diverse range of illnesses, and was associated with an average 416 133 prescribed antibiotic courses per season. Effective antiviral treatments and preventive vaccines are urgently needed for the management of RSV infection in children. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01706302.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Douglas M Fleming
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Fleming DM, Taylor RJ, Lustig RL, Schuck-Paim C, Haguinet F, Webb DJ, Logie J, Matias G, Taylor S. Modelling estimates of the burden of Respiratory Syncytial virus infection in adults and the elderly in the United Kingdom. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:443. [PMID: 26497750 PMCID: PMC4618996 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory disease in adults. However, the adult burden remains largely uncharacterized as most RSV studies focus on children, and population-based studies with laboratory-confirmation of infection are difficult to implement. Indirect modelling methods, long used for influenza, can further our understanding of RSV burden by circumventing some limitations of traditional surveillance studies that rely on direct linkage of individual-level exposure and outcome data. Methods Multiple linear time-series regression was used to estimate RSV burden in the United Kingdom (UK) between 1995 and 2009 among the total population and adults in terms of general practice (GP) episodes (counted as first consultation ≥28 days following any previous consultation for same diagnosis/diagnostic group), hospitalisations, and deaths for respiratory disease, using data from Public Health England weekly influenza/RSV surveillance, Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office of National Statistics. The main outcome considered all ICD-listed respiratory diseases and, for GP episodes, related symptoms. Estimates were adjusted for non-specific seasonal drivers of disease using secular cyclical terms and stratified by age and risk group (according to chronic conditions indicating severe influenza risk as per UK recommendations for influenza vaccination). Trial registration NCT01706302. Registered 11 October 2012. Results Among adults aged 18+ years an estimated 487,247 GP episodes, 17,799 hospitalisations, and 8,482 deaths were attributable to RSV per average season. Of these, 175,070 GP episodes (36 %), 14,039 hospitalisations (79 %) and 7,915 deaths (93 %) were in persons aged 65+ years. High- versus low-risk elderly were two-fold more likely to have a RSV-related GP episode or death and four-fold more likely be hospitalised for RSV. In most seasons since 2001, more GP episodes, hospitalisations and deaths were attributable to RSV in adults than to influenza. Conclusion RSV is associated with a substantial disease burden in adults comparable to influenza, with most of the hospitalisation and mortality burden in the elderly. Treatment options and measures to prevent RSV could have a major impact on the burden of RSV respiratory disease in adults, especially the elderly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1218-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas M Fleming
- Independent Consultant, 9 Dowles Close, Birmingham, B29 4LE, United Kingdom.
| | - Robert J Taylor
- Sage Analytica, 4550 Montgomery Ave., Suite 4915 St. Elmo Ave, Ste. 205, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Roger L Lustig
- Sage Analytica, 4550 Montgomery Ave., Suite 4915 St. Elmo Ave, Ste. 205, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Cynthia Schuck-Paim
- Sage Analytica, 4550 Montgomery Ave., Suite 4915 St. Elmo Ave, Ste. 205, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - François Haguinet
- GSK Vaccines, Av Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - David J Webb
- GSK Pharmaceuticals, Stockley Park West, 1-3 Ironbridge Road, Heathrow, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB11 1B S, United Kingdom.
| | - John Logie
- GSK Pharmaceuticals, Stockley Park West, 1-3 Ironbridge Road, Heathrow, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB11 1B S, United Kingdom.
| | - Gonçalo Matias
- GSK Vaccines, Av Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - Sylvia Taylor
- GSK Vaccines, Av Fleming 20, Parc de la Noire Epine, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
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Cohen JM, Silva ML, Caini S, Ciblak M, Mosnier A, Daviaud I, Matias G, Badur S, Valette M, Enouf V, Paget J, Fleming DM. Striking Similarities in the Presentation and Duration of Illness of Influenza A and B in the Community: A Study Based on Sentinel Surveillance Networks in France and Turkey, 2010-2012. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139431. [PMID: 26426119 PMCID: PMC4591015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza B represents a high proportion of influenza cases in some seasons (even over 50%). The Influenza B study in General Practice (IBGP) is a multicenter study providing information about the clinical, demographic and socio-economic characteristics of patients affected by lab-confirmed influenza A or B. Influenza B patients and age-matched influenza A patients were recruited within the sentinel surveillance networks of France and Turkey in 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons. Data were collected for each patient at the swab test day, after 9±2 days and, if not recovered, after 28±5 days. It was related to patient's characteristics, symptoms at presentation, vaccination status, prescriptions of antibiotics and antivirals, duration of illness, follow-up consultations in general practice or emergency room. We performed descriptive analyses and developed a multiple regression model to investigate the effect of patients and disease characteristics on the duration of illness. Overall, 774 influenza cases were included in the study: 419 influenza B cases (209 in France and 210 in Turkey) and 355 influenza A cases (205 in France and 150 in Turkey). There were no differences between influenza A and B patients in terms of clinical presentation and number of consultations with a practitioner; however, the use of antivirals was higher among influenza B patients in both countries. The average (median) reported duration of illness in the age groups 0–14 years, 15–64 years and 65+ years was 7.4 (6), 8.7 (8) and 10.5 (9) days in France, and 6.3 (6), 8.2 (7) and 9.2 (6) days in Turkey; it increased with age but did not differ by virus type; increased duration of illness was associated with antibiotics prescription. In conclusion, our findings show that influenza B infection appears not to be milder disease than influenza A infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marie Cohen
- Open Rome (Organize and Promote Epidemiological Network), Paris, France
- Réseau des GROG, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Laura Silva
- Open Rome (Organize and Promote Epidemiological Network), Paris, France
| | - Saverio Caini
- Open Rome (Organize and Promote Epidemiological Network), Paris, France
| | | | - Anne Mosnier
- Open Rome (Organize and Promote Epidemiological Network), Paris, France
- Réseau des GROG, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Daviaud
- Open Rome (Organize and Promote Epidemiological Network), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Martine Valette
- Virology Department, National Influenza Center, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Enouf
- Virology Department, Unit of Molecular Genetics of RNA viruses, National Influenza Center, Pasteur Institute, CNRS UMR3569, Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - John Paget
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Douglas M. Fleming
- Royal College of General Practitioners, Surveillance and Research Unit, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Correia AS, Matias G, Calado S, Lourenço A, Viana-Baptista M. Orolingual Angiodema Associated with Alteplase Treatment of Acute Stroke: A Reappraisal. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 24:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Vanacker P, Matias G, Hagmann P, Michel P. Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome is Different from Transient Ischemic Attack on CT Perfusion. J Neuroimaging 2014; 25:643-6. [PMID: 25258008 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRES is a reversible neurotoxic state presenting with headache, altered mental status, visual loss, and seizures. Delayed diagnosis can be avoided if radiological patterns could distinguish PRES from cerebral ischemia. METHODS Clinical and radiological data were collected on all hospitalized patients who had (1) discharge diagnosis of PRES and (2) acute CTP/CTA. Data were compared with 10 TIA patients with proven cytotoxic edema on MRI. RESULTS Of the four PRES patients found, three were correlated with acute blood pressure and one with chemotherapy. At the radiological level, quantitative analyses of the CTP parameters showed that 2 out of 4 patients had bilaterally reduced CBF-values (23.2-47.1 ml/100g/min) in occipital regions, as seen in the pathological regions of TIA patients (27.3 ± 13.5 ml/100g/min). When compared with TIA patients, the pathological ROI's demonstrated decreased CBV-values (3.4-5.6 ml/100g). Vasogenic edema on MRI FLAIR imaging was seen in only one PRES patient, and cytotoxic edema on DWI-imaging was never found. CT angiography showed in one PRES patient a vasospasm-like unilateral posterior cerebral artery. CONCLUSIONS If confirmed by other groups, CTP and CTA imaging in patients with acute visual loss and confusion may help to distinguish PRES from bi-occipital ischemia. These radiological parameters may identify PRES patients at risk for additional tissue infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vanacker
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Gonçalo Matias
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patric Hagmann
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Michel
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Matias G, Taylor R, Haguinet F, Schuck-Paim C, Lustig R, Shinde V. Estimates of mortality attributable to influenza and RSV in the United States during 1997-2009 by influenza type or subtype, age, cause of death, and risk status. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2014; 8:507-15. [PMID: 24975705 PMCID: PMC4181813 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause substantial mortality from respiratory and other causes in the USA, especially among people aged 65 and older. OBJECTIVES We estimated the influenza-attributable mortality and RSV-attributable mortality in the USA, stratified by age and risk status, using outcome definitions with different sensitivity and specificity. METHODS Influenza- and RSV-associated mortality was assessed from October 1997-March 2009 using multiple linear regression modeling on data obtained from designated government repositories. RESULTS The main outcomes and measures included mortality outcome definitions-pneumonia and influenza, respiratory broad, and cardiorespiratory disease. A seasonal average of 10,682 (2287-16,363), 19,100 (4862-29,245), and 28,169 (6797-42,316) deaths was attributed to influenza for pneumonia and influenza, respiratory broad, and cardiorespiratory outcome definitions, respectively. Corresponding values for RSV were 6211 (4584-8169), 11,300 (8546-14,244), and 17,199 (13,384-21,891), respectively. A/H3N2 accounted for seasonal average of 71% influenza-attributable deaths; influenza B accounted for most (51-95%) deaths during four seasons. Approximately 70% influenza-attributable deaths occurred in individuals ≥75 years, with increasing mortality for influenza A/H3N2 and B, but not A/H1N1. In children aged 0-4 years, an average of 97 deaths was attributed to influenza (A/H3N2 = 49, B = 33, A/H1N1 = 15) and 165 to respiratory broad outcome definition (RSV). Influenza-attributable mortality was 2.94-fold higher in high-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS Influenza-attributable mortality was highest in older and high-risk individuals and mortality in children was higher than reported in passive Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance. Influenza B-attributable mortality was higher than A in four of 12 seasons. Our estimates represent an updated assessment of influenza-attributable mortality in the USA.
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Matias G, Calado S, Viana-Baptista M. Stroke Prevention: Behaviors and Attitudes of the Healthcare Professionals. Int J Stroke 2013; 8:E21. [DOI: 10.1111/ijs.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Matias
- Department of Neurology, Egas Moniz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Calado
- Department of Neurology, Egas Moniz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Viana-Baptista
- Department of Neurology, Egas Moniz Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
- CEDOC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Matias G, Canas N, Antunes I, Vale J. [Post-malaria neurologic syndrome]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2008; 21:387-390. [PMID: 19094816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The neurologic symptoms in malaria are usually associated with a severe infection by Plasmodium falciparum. Less frequently, the presence of impaired consciousness, seizures and visual and auditory deficits is related with hypoglycemia (by malaria or quinine) or with the toxicity of anti-malarial drugs. In the last years, it was recognized a rare neurologic complication after the efficient treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria - post-malaria neurologic syndrome (PMNS). PMNS occurs days to weeks after the parasite clearance, presenting as an encephalopathy of variable severity. The pathogenic mechanisms involved in PMNS are not well understood, being admitted a possible immunological cause. We describe a case of a 61-year-old man presenting with a severe encephalopathy (delirium, cerebellar ataxia and ophthalmoparesis ), 2 days after complete recovery from Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Peripheral blood smears were repeatedly negative for malaria parasites. MRI during acute phase showed extensive multifocal white matter abnormalities. He was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone with complete resolution of neurological deficits. After 9 months the MRI showed minimal residual lesions.
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Pouillot R, Matias G, Wondje CM, Portaels F, Valin N, Ngos F, Njikap A, Marsollier L, Fontanet A, Eyangoh S. Risk factors for buruli ulcer: a case control study in Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2007; 1:e101. [PMID: 18160977 PMCID: PMC2154388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Buruli ulcer is an infectious disease involving the skin, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. This disease is associated with areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant. However, the exact mechanism of transmission of the bacillus and the development of the disease through human activities is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings A case-control study to identify Buruli ulcer risk factors in Cameroon compared case-patients with community-matched controls on one hand and family-matched controls on the other hand. Risk factors identified by the community-matched study (including 163 pairs) were: having a low level of education, swamp wading, wearing short, lower-body clothing while farming, living near a cocoa plantation or woods, using adhesive bandages when hurt, and using mosquito coils. Protective factors were: using bed nets, washing clothes, and using leaves as traditional treatment or rubbing alcohol when hurt. The family-matched study (including 118 pairs) corroborated the significance of education level, use of bed nets, and treatment with leaves. Conclusions/Significance Covering limbs during farming activities is confirmed as a protective factor guarding against Buruli ulcer disease, but newly identified factors including wound treatment and use of bed nets may provide new insight into the unknown mode of transmission of M. ulcerans or the development of the disease. Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. While BU is associated with areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant, the exact mechanism of transmission of the bacillus is unknown, impairing efficient control programs. Two hypotheses are proposed in the literature: previous trauma at the lesion site, and transmission through aquatic insect bites. Using results from a face-to-face questionnaire, our study compared characteristics from Cameroonian patients with Buruli ulcer to people without Buruli ulcer. This latter group of people was chosen within the community or within the family of case patients. The statistical analysis confirmed some well-known factors associated with the presence of BU, such as wearing short lower-body clothing while farming, but it showed that the use of bed nets and the treatment of wounds with leaves is less frequent in case patients. These newly identified factors may provide new insight into the mode of transmission of M. ulcerans. The implication of domestic or peridomestic insects, suggested by the influence of the use of bed nets, should be confirmed in specific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régis Pouillot
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail: (RP); (SE)
| | - Gonçalo Matias
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Nadia Valin
- Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - François Ngos
- Hôpital de District d'Akonolinga, Ministère de la Santé Publique, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Laurent Marsollier
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôtes Parasites, Université d Angers, Angers, France
- Equipe Avenir Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Arnaud Fontanet
- Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sara Eyangoh
- Laboratoire des Mycobactéries, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail: (RP); (SE)
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