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Keller G, Corvalan N, Carello MA, Arruabarrena MM, Martínez-Canyazo C, De Los Santos L, Spehrs J, Vila-Castelar C, Allegri RF, Quiroz YT, Crivelli L. Performance on the Latin American version of the Face-Name Associative Memory Exam (LAS-FNAME) distinguishes individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment from age-matched controls in a sample from Argentina. Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38447166 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2323627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Latin American Spanish version of the Face-Name Associative Memory Exam (LAS-FNAME) has shown promise in identifying cognitive changes in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its applicability for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) detection in the Latin American population remains unexplored. This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties in terms of validity and reliability and diagnostic performance of the LAS-FNAME for the detection of memory disorders in patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 31 participants with aMCI, diagnosed by a neurologist according to Petersen's criteria, and 19 healthy controls. Inclusion criteria for the aMCI group were to be 60 years of age or older, report cognitive complaints, have a memory test score (Craft Story 21) below a -1.5 z-score and have preserved functioning in activities of daily living. Participants completed LAS-FNAME and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. RESULTS LAS-FNAME showed the ability to discriminate against healthy controls from patients with aMCI (AUC= 75) in comparison with a gold-standard memory test (AUC = 69.1). LAS-FNAME also showed evidence of concurrent and divergent validity with a standard memory test (RAVLT) (r = 0.58, p < .001) and with an attention task (Digit Span) (r = -0.37, p = .06). Finally, the reliability index was very high (α = 0.88). DISCUSSION LAS-FNAME effectively distinguished aMCI patients from healthy controls, suggesting its potential for detecting early cognitive changes in Alzheimer's prodromal stages among Spanish speakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Keller
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Corvalan
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M A Carello
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M M Arruabarrena
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Martínez-Canyazo
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L De Los Santos
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Spehrs
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Vila-Castelar
- Department of Psychiatry, Multicultural Assessment & Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R F Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Buenos Aires Argentina, Institute of Neuroscience (INEU) - FLENI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Y T Quiroz
- Department of Psychiatry, Multicultural Assessment & Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Crivelli
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Buenos Aires Argentina, Institute of Neuroscience (INEU) - FLENI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Stocker G, Lorenzen S, Ettrich T, Herz AL, Longo F, Kiani A, Venerito M, Trojan J, Mahlberg R, Moosmann N, Chibaudel B, Kubicka S, Greil R, Daum S, Geissler M, Larcher-Senn J, Keller G, Lordick F, Haag GM. S-1 maintenance therapy in Caucasian patients with metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma-final results of the randomized AIO MATEO phase II trial. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101572. [PMID: 37270871 PMCID: PMC10373924 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Platinum-fluoropyrimidine combinations are standard of care for treatment of metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. The optimal duration of first-line chemotherapy is unknown, however, and maintenance strategies have not yet been established. DESIGN MATEO is an international randomized phase II trial exploring efficacy and safety of S-1 maintenance therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. After 3 months of first-line platinum-fluoropyrimidine-based induction therapy, patients without progression were randomized in a 2 : 1 allocation to receive S-1 monotherapy (arm A) or to continue combination chemotherapy (arm B). The primary objective was to show non-inferiority of overall survival in the S-1 maintenance group. Progression-free survival, adverse events, and quality of life were secondary endpoints. RESULTS From 2014 to 2019, 110 and 55 patients were randomized in arm A and arm B, respectively (recruitment closed prematurely). Median overall survival from randomization was 13.4 months for arm A and 11.4 months for arm B [hazard ratio 0.97 (80% confidence interval 0.76-1.23), P = 0.86]. Median progression-free survival from randomization was 4.3 and 6.1 months for arm A versus arm B, respectively [hazard ratio 1.10 (80% confidence interval 0.86-1.39), P = 0.62]. Patients in arm A had numerically fewer treatment-related adverse events (84.9% versus 93.9%) and significantly less peripheral sensory polyneuropathy ≥grade 2 (9.4% versus 36.7%). CONCLUSIONS S-1 maintenance following platinum-based induction therapy leads to non-inferior survival outcomes compared with the continuation of platinum-based combination. Toxicity patterns favor a fluoropyrimidine maintenance strategy. These data challenge the continued use of platinum combination chemotherapy after response to 3 months induction therapy in patients with advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stocker
- Department of Medicine (Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases) and University Cancer Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Lorenzen
- Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - T Ettrich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A-L Herz
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Longo
- Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Kiani
- Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Venerito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Trojan
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Mahlberg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum Mutterhaus der Borromaerinnen, Trier, Germany
| | - N Moosmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Chibaudel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Franco-British Hospital, Fondation Cognacq-Jay, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - S Kubicka
- Cancer Center Reutlingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - R Greil
- IIIrd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Salzburg, Austria; Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - S Daum
- Department of Gastroenterology, Campus B. Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - J Larcher-Senn
- Assign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Keller
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Lordick
- Department of Medicine (Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases) and University Cancer Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - G M Haag
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor-Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Zighan M, Arkadir D, Douiev L, Keller G, Miller C, Saada A. Variable effects of omaveloxolone (RTA408) on primary fibroblasts with mitochondrial defects. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:890653. [PMID: 36032663 PMCID: PMC9411646 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.890653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Omaveloxolone (RTA408) is a second-generation oleanane triterpenoid Nrf2 inducer with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and was reported to improve mitochondrial bioenergetics. It is currently being tested in medical trials for Friedrich ataxia, a genetic, multi-organ disease involving mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, omaveloxolone could potentially be beneficial for additional disorders involving mitochondrial dysfunction. To this end, we investigated its effect on primary fibroblasts derived from patients with mitochondrial complex I deficiency, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase deficiency, and two recessive forms of Parkinson’s disease. Patients and control cells were incubated in the presence or absence of 50 nM omaveloxolone for 72 h prior to measurements. Generally, growth on galactose medium and ATP production were unaltered. Mitochondrial membrane potential was slightly but significantly decreased, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was variably decreased. Mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents were significantly increased in the patient’s cells. These results were partially confirmed by the results of oxygen consumption studies which disclosed increased maximal oxygen consumption rates in most cells and increased energy status in all treated cells. Further investigation is required to explore the precise effect of omaveloxolone on mitochondrial function in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madleen Zighan
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Arkadir
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liza Douiev
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Keller
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chaya Miller
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Ann Saada, ,
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Mishra K, Péter M, Nardiello AM, Keller G, Llado V, Fernandez-Garcia P, Kahlert UD, Barasch D, Saada A, Török Z, Balogh G, Escriba PV, Piotto S, Kakhlon O. Multifaceted Analyses of Isolated Mitochondria Establish the Anticancer Drug 2-Hydroxyoleic Acid as an Inhibitor of Substrate Oxidation and an Activator of Complex IV-Dependent State 3 Respiration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030578. [PMID: 35159387 PMCID: PMC8834245 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic fatty acid 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA) has been extensively investigated as a cancer therapy mainly based on its regulation of membrane lipid composition and structure, activating various cell fate pathways. We discovered, additionally, that 2OHOA can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, but this has never been demonstrated mechanistically. Here, we explored the effect of 2OHOA on mitochondria isolated by ultracentrifugation from U118MG glioblastoma cells. Mitochondria were analyzed by shotgun lipidomics, molecular dynamic simulations, spectrophotometric assays for determining respiratory complex activity, mass spectrometry for assessing beta oxidation and Seahorse technology for bioenergetic profiling. We showed that the main impact of 2OHOA on mitochondrial lipids is their hydroxylation, demonstrated by simulations to decrease co-enzyme Q diffusion in the liquid disordered membranes embedding respiratory complexes. This decreased co-enzyme Q diffusion can explain the inhibition of disjointly measured complexes I–III activity. However, it doesn’t explain how 2OHOA increases complex IV and state 3 respiration in intact mitochondria. This increased respiration probably allows mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to maintain ATP production against the 2OHOA-mediated inhibition of glycolytic ATP production. This work correlates 2OHOA function with its modulation of mitochondrial lipid composition, reflecting both 2OHOA anticancer activity and adaptation to it by enhancement of state 3 respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudesh Mishra
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.K.); (D.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Mária Péter
- Lipodom Ltd., Dorottya Utca 35-37, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (M.P.); (Z.T.); (G.B.)
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Maria Nardiello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
- Bionam Center for Biomaterials, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Guy Keller
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.K.); (D.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Victoria Llado
- Laminar Pharmaceuticals, Ctra. de Valldemossa Km. 7, 4 Parc BIT Ed. Naorte Bolque A-1°-3, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.L.); (P.F.-G.)
| | - Paula Fernandez-Garcia
- Laminar Pharmaceuticals, Ctra. de Valldemossa Km. 7, 4 Parc BIT Ed. Naorte Bolque A-1°-3, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.L.); (P.F.-G.)
| | - Ulf D. Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular, and Transplant Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Dinorah Barasch
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.K.); (D.B.); (A.S.)
- Mass Spectrometry Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.K.); (D.B.); (A.S.)
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Zsolt Török
- Lipodom Ltd., Dorottya Utca 35-37, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (M.P.); (Z.T.); (G.B.)
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Balogh
- Lipodom Ltd., Dorottya Utca 35-37, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (M.P.); (Z.T.); (G.B.)
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pablo V. Escriba
- Laminar Pharmaceuticals, Ctra. de Valldemossa Km. 7, 4 Parc BIT Ed. Naorte Bolque A-1°-3, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.L.); (P.F.-G.)
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.V.E.); (S.P.); (O.K.)
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
- Bionam Center for Biomaterials, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.V.E.); (S.P.); (O.K.)
| | - Or Kakhlon
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.K.); (D.B.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.V.E.); (S.P.); (O.K.)
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Binyamin O, Frid K, Keller G, Saada A, Gabizon R. Comparing anti-aging hallmark activities of Metformin and Nano-PSO in a mouse model of genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 110:77-87. [PMID: 34875507 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced age is the main risk factor for the manifestation of late onset neurodegenerative diseases. Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, was shown to extend longevity, and to ameliorate the activity of recognized aging hallmarks. Here, we compared the clinical, pathologic and biochemical effects of Metformin to those of Nano-PSO (Granagard), a brain targeted anti-oxidant shown by us to delay disease advance in transgenic mice mimicking for genetic Creutzfeldt Jacob disease (CJD) linked to the E200KPrP mutation. We demonstrate that both Metformin and Nano-PSO reduced aging hallmarks activities such as activated AMPK, the main energy sensor of cells as well as Nrf2 and COX IV1, regulators of oxidation, and mitochondrial activity. Both compounds reduced inflammation and increased stem cells production, however did not decrease PrP accumulation. As opposed to Nano-PSO, Metformin neither delayed clinical disease advance in these mice nor reduced the accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans, a pathologic feature of prion disease. We conclude that elevation of anti-aging markers may not be sufficient to delay the fatal advance of genetic CJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orli Binyamin
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kati Frid
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Keller
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem Israel, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Gabizon
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Harbowy R, Nielsen B, Logan A, Pritchard A, Vergara-Hernandez F, Li J, Keller G, Robison C, Herkelman K. 148 Analysis of purported insulin modulators on glycemic and insulinemic responses to various feeds in mature horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ballan N, Shaheen N, Keller G, Gepstein L. Measuring the systolic and the diastolic properties of single human pluripotent stem-cell cardiomyocyte for drug testing and disease modeling. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The advent of human pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) provided exciting tools for cardiovascular physiological studies, disease modeling and drug testing applications. Current platforms for studying the mechanical properties of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) as single-cells do not measure forces directly, require numerous assumptions, and cannot study cell mechanics at different loading conditions.
Objective
To establish a novel platform to assess the active and passive mechanical properties of single-cell hPSC-CMs at different loading conditions and to demonstrate the potential of this approach for drug testing and disease modeling applications.
Methods and results
To allow morphological maturation, hPSC-CMs were treated with Tri-iodo-thyronine hormone, dexamethasone and Insulin-like growth factor-1. The hPSC-CM were then lifted and attached to a highly sensitive optical-force transducer and a piezoelectric length controller and electrically-stimulated. The attached hPSC-CM remained intact and contractile allowing evaluation of their passive and active mechanical properties. Utilizing this technique, single-cell hPSC-CMs exhibited positive length-tension (Frank-Starling) relationships, and appropriate inotropic, klinotropic, and lusitropic changes in response to treatment with isoproterenol. The unique potential of the approach for drug testing and disease modeling was exemplified by treating the cells with doxorubicin (a potential cardiotoxic anti-cancer agent) and omecamtiv mecarbil (a positive ionotropic drug currently in stage 3 clinical trial). The results of these studies recapitulated the drugs' known actions to suppress (doxorubicin) and augment (omecamtiv mecarbil at low dose) cardiomyocyte contractility. Finally, novel insights were gained regarding the cellular effects of these drugs as doxorubicin treatment led to cellular mechanical alternans and high doses of omecamtiv mecarbil suppressed contractility and worsened the cellular diastolic properties.
Conclusion
A novel method that allows direct active and passive force measurements from single hPSC-CMs at different loading conditions for the first time was established and validated. Our results highlight the potential implications of this novel approach for pharmacological studies and disease modeling studies.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Research Council
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ballan
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - N Shaheen
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - G Keller
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Gepstein
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Bauer L, Hapfelmeier A, Blank S, Reiche M, Slotta-Huspenina J, Jesinghaus M, Novotny A, Schmidt T, Grosser B, Kohlruss M, Weichert W, Ott K, Keller G. A novel pretherapeutic gene expression-based risk score for treatment guidance in gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:127-132. [PMID: 29069277 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perioperative chemotherapy is an established treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients. Treatment selection is based on clinical staging (cT). We aimed to establish and validate a prognostic score including clinical and molecular factors, to optimize treatment decisions for these patients. Patients and methods We analyzed 626 carcinomas of the stomach and of the gastro-esophageal junction from two academic centers including primarily resected and pre-/perioperatively treated patients. Patients were divided into a training (N = 269) and validation (N = 357) set. Expression of 11 target genes was measured by quantitative PCR in resected tumors. A risk score to predict overall survival (OS) was generated and validated. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity was assessed by analyzing 50 tumor areas from 10 patients. Results A risk score including the expression of CCL5, CTNNB1, EXOSC3 and LZTR1 and the clinical parameters cT, tumor localization and histopathologic type suggested two groups with a significant difference in OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.52]. The risk score was successfully validated in an independent cohort (HR 0.32; 95% CI 0.21-0.51; P < 0.001) as well as in subgroups of primarily resected (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.17-0.54; P < 0.001) and pre-/perioperatively treated patients (HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17-0.81; P = 0.009). A significant difference in OS of high- and low-risk patients was also found in primarily resected patients with intestinal (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.23-0.90; P = 0.020) and nonintestinal-type carcinomas (HR 0.1; 95% CI 0.02-0.42; P < 0.001). Intra-tumor heterogeneity analysis indicated a classification reliability of 95% for a supposed analysis of three biopsies. Conclusion The identified risk score could substantially contribute to an improved management of gastric cancer patients in the context of perioperative chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bauer
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Hapfelmeier
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Blank
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Reiche
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Slotta-Huspenina
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Jesinghaus
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Novotny
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Grosser
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Kohlruss
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Weichert
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K Ott
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - G Keller
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Keller G, Binyamin O, Frid K, Saada A, Gabizon R. Mitochondrial dysfunction in preclinical genetic prion disease: A target for preventive treatment? Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:57-66. [PMID: 30423473 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial malfunction is a common feature in advanced stages of neurodegenerative conditions, as is the case for the accumulation of aberrantly folded proteins, such as PrP in prion diseases. In this work, we investigated mitochondrial activity and expression of related factors vis a vis PrP accumulation at the subclinical stages of TgMHu2ME199K mice, modeling for genetic prion diseases. While these mice remain healthy until 5-6 months of age, they succumb to fatal disease at 12-14 months. We found that mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymatic activates and ATP/ROS production, were abnormally elevated in asymptomatic mice, concomitant with initial accumulation of disease related PrP. In parallel, the expression of Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit IV isoform 1(Cox IV-1) was reduced and replaced by the activity of Cox IV isoform 2, which operates in oxidative neuronal conditions. At all stages of disease, Cox IV-1 was absent from cells accumulating disease related PrP, suggesting that PrP aggregates may directly compromise normal mitochondrial function. Administration of Nano-PSO, a brain targeted antioxidant, to TgMHu2ME199K mice, reversed functional and biochemical mitochondrial functions to normal conditions regardless of the presence of misfolded PrP. Our results therefore indicate that in genetic prion disease, oxidative damage initiates long before clinical manifestations. These manifest only when aggregated PrP levels are too high for the compensatory mechanisms to sustain mitochondrial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Keller
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Israel; Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orli Binyamin
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Israel; Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kati Frid
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Israel; Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Israel; Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Gabizon
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Israel; Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Binyamin O, Keller G, Frid K, Larush L, Magdassi S, Gabizon R. Continues administration of Nano-PSO significantly increased survival of genetic CJD mice. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:140-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Siraj M, Mundil D, Afroze T, Ying L, Wheeler M, Keller G, Husain M. 4805GLP-1(28–36) prevents ischemic cardiac injury by modulating metabolism and activating soluble adenylyl cyclase in coronary vascular cells. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx494.4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gallagher D, Bramall A, Paquin A, Voronova A, Burns S, Neilsen P, Keller G, Kaplan D, Miller F. ISDN2014_0042: Autism‐associated Ankrd11 is a novel epigenetic regulator of neurogenesis. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Paquin
- The Hospital For Sick ChildrenCanada
| | | | - S. Burns
- The Hospital For Sick ChildrenCanada
| | - P. Neilsen
- Centre for Personalised MedicineAustralia
| | - G. Keller
- McEwen Centre For Regenerative MedicineCanada
| | - D. Kaplan
- The Hospital For Sick ChildrenCanada
| | - F. Miller
- The Hospital For Sick ChildrenCanada
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Binyamin O, Larush L, Frid K, Keller G, Friedman-Levi Y, Ovadia H, Abramsky O, Magdassi S, Gabizon R. Treatment of a multiple sclerosis animal model by a novel nanodrop formulation of a natural antioxidant. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7165-74. [PMID: 26648720 PMCID: PMC4664546 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and is associated with demyelination, neurodegeneration, and sensitivity to oxidative stress. In this work, we administered a nanodroplet formulation of pomegranate seed oil (PSO), denominated Nano-PSO, to mice induced for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established model of MS. PSO comprises high levels of punicic acid, a unique polyunsaturated fatty acid considered as one of the strongest natural antioxidants. We show here that while EAE-induced mice treated with natural PSO presented some reduction in disease burden, this beneficial effect increased significantly when EAE mice were treated with Nano-PSO of specific size nanodroplets at much lower concentrations of the oil. Pathological examinations revealed that Nano-PSO administration dramatically reduced demyelination and oxidation of lipids in the brains of the affected animals, which are hallmarks of this severe neurological disease. We propose that novel formulations of natural antioxidants such as Nano-PSO may be considered for the treatment of patients suffering from demyelinating diseases. On the mechanistic side, our results demonstrate that lipid oxidation may be a seminal feature in both demyelination and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orli Binyamin
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liraz Larush
- Casali Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kati Frid
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Keller
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Friedman-Levi
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haim Ovadia
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oded Abramsky
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Gabizon
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center of Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Bauer L, Munzig A, Müller E, Slotta-Huspenina J, Becker K, Hapfelmeier A, Novotny A, Höfler H, Keller G. 820: Chemo-resistant gastric cancer: changes in Notch signalling. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Malinowsky K, Nitsche U, Janssen KP, Bader FG, Späth C, Drecoll E, Keller G, Höfler H, Slotta-Huspenina J, Becker KF. Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway correlates with prognosis in stage II colon cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2081-9. [PMID: 24619078 PMCID: PMC3992486 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with UICC/AJCC stage II colon cancer have a high 5-year overall survival rate after surgery. Nevertheless, a significant subgroup of patients develops tumour recurrence. Currently, there are no clinically established biomarkers available to identify this patient group. We applied reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA) for phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase pathway activation mapping to stratify patients according to their risk of tumour recurrence after surgery. Methods: Full-length proteins were extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 118 patients who underwent curative resection. RPPA technology was used to analyse expression and/or phosphorylation levels of six major factors of the phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase pathway. Oncogenic mutations of KRAS and BRAF, and DNA microsatellite status, currently discussed as prognostic markers, were analysed in parallel. Results: Expression of phospho-AKT (HR=3.52; P=0.032), S6RP (HR=6.3; P=0.044), and phospho-4E-BP1 (HR=4.12; P=0.011) were prognostic factors for disease-free survival. None of the molecular genetic alterations were significantly associated with prognosis. Conclusions: Our data indicate that activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway evidenced on the protein level might be a valuable prognostic marker to stratify patients for their risk of tumour recurrence. Beside adjuvant chemotherapy targeting of upregulated PI3K/AKT signalling may be an attractive strategy for treatment of high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Malinowsky
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - U Nitsche
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - K-P Janssen
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - F G Bader
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - C Späth
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - E Drecoll
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - G Keller
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - H Höfler
- 1] Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany [2] Department of Pathology, Helmholtz-Centre Munich, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - J Slotta-Huspenina
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - K-F Becker
- Department of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstrasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Bauer L, Langer R, Mandl M, Becker K, Slotta-Huspenina J, Novotny A, Hapfelmeier A, Höfler H, Keller G. 837 Notch Signaling and Chemoresistance in Gastric Cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Keller G, D'Hondt S, Orth C, Gilmore J, Oliver P, Shoemaker E, Molina E. LATE EOCENE IMPACT MICROSPHERULES: STRATIGRAPHY, AGE AND GEOCHEMISTRY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.1987.tb00883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kim JH, Song HB, Kim DH, Park KD, Kim JH, Kim JH, Lee BJ, Kim DH, Kim JH, Khatua S, Kalkan E, Brown R, Pearlman M, Vats T, Abela L, Fiaschetti G, Shalaby T, Grunder E, Ma M, Grahlert J, Baumgartner M, Siler U, Nonoguchi N, Ohgaki H, Grotzer M, Adachi JI, Suzuki T, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Mishima K, Koga T, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Sardi I, Giunti L, Bresci C, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Buccoliero AM, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Filippi L, Erdreich-Epstein A, Zhou H, Ren X, Schur M, Davidson TB, Ji L, Sposto R, Asgharzadeh S, Tong Y, White E, Murugesan M, Nimmervoll B, Wang M, Marino D, Ellison D, Finkelstein D, Pounds S, Malkin D, Gilbertson R, Eden C, Ju B, Murugesan M, Phoenix T, Poppleton H, Lessman C, Taylor M, Gilbertson R, Sardi I, la Marca G, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Malvagia S, Giunti L, Fratoni V, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Giovannini MG, Giangaspero F, Badiali M, Gleize V, Paris S, Moi L, Elhouadani S, Arcella A, Morace R, Antonelli M, Buttarelli F, Mokhtari K, Sanson M, Smith S, Ward J, Wilson M, Rahman C, Rose F, Peet A, Macarthur D, Grundy R, Rahman R, Venkatraman S, Birks D, Balakrishnan I, Alimova I, Harris P, Patel P, Foreman N, Vibhakar R, Wu H, Zhou Q, Wang D, Wang G, Dang D, Pencreach E, Nguyen A, Guerin E, Lasthaus C, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Unland R, Schlosser S, Farwick N, Plagemann T, Richter G, Juergens H, Fruehwald M, Chien CL, Lee YH, Lin CI, Hsieh JY, Lin SC, Wong TT, Ho DMT, Wang HW, Lagah S, Tan IL, Malcolm S, Grundy R, Rahman R, Majani Y, Smith S, Grundy R, Rahman R, van Vuurden DG, Aronica E, Wedekind LE, Hulleman E, Biesmans D, Bugiani M, Vandertop WP, Kaspers GJL, Wurdinger T, Noske DP, Van der Stoop PM, van Vuurden DG, Shukla S, Wedekind LE, Kuipers GK, Hulleman E, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Vandertop WP, Slotman BJ, Kaspers GJL, Cloos J, Sun T, Warrington N, Luo J, Ganzhorn S, Tabori U, Druley T, Gutmann D, Rubin J, Castelo-Branco P, Choufani S, Mack S, Galagher D, Zhang C, Lipman T, Zhukova N, Martin D, Merino D, Wasserman J, Samuel C, Alon N, Hitzler J, Wang JCY, Malkin D, Keller G, Dirks PB, Pfister S, Taylor MD, Weksberg R, Tabori U, Leblond P, Meignan S, Dewitte A, Le Tinier F, Wattez N, Lartigau E, Lansiaux A, Hanson R, Gordon I, Zhao S, Camphausen K, Warren K, Warrington NM, Sun T, Gutmann DH, Rubin JB, Nguyen A, Lasthaus C, Jaillet M, Pencreach E, Guerin E, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Kovacs Z, Martin-Fiori E, Shalaby T, Grotzer M, Bernasconi M, Werner B, Dyberg C, Baryawno N, Milosevic J, Wickstrom M, Northcott PA, Taylor MD, Kool M, Kogner P, Johnsen JI, Wilson M, Reynolds G, Davies N, Arvanitis T, Peet A, Zoghbi A, Meisterernst M, Fruehwald MC, Kerl K, Orr B, Haffner M, Nelson W, Yegnasubramanian S, Eberhart C, Fotovati A, Abu-Ali S, Wang PS, Deleyrolle L, Lee C, Triscott J, Chen J, Franciosi S, Nakamura Y, Sugita Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Leavitt B, Singh S, Jury A, Jones C, Wakimoto H, Reynolds B, Pallen C, Dunn S, Fletcher S, Levine J, Li M, Kagawa N, Hirayama R, Chiba Y, Kijima N, Arita H, Kinoshita M, Hashimoto N, Izumoto S, Maruno M, Yoshimine T. BIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i7-i15. [PMCID: PMC3483341 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
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Micallef SJ, Li X, Schiesser JV, Hirst CE, Yu QC, Lim SM, Nostro MC, Elliott DA, Sarangi F, Harrison LC, Keller G, Elefanty AG, Stanley EG. INS(GFP/w) human embryonic stem cells facilitate isolation of in vitro derived insulin-producing cells. Diabetologia 2012; 55:694-706. [PMID: 22120512 PMCID: PMC3268987 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to generate human embryonic stem cell (hESC) reporter lines that would facilitate the characterisation of insulin-producing (INS⁺) cells derived in vitro. METHODS Homologous recombination was used to insert sequences encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the INS locus, to create reporter cell lines enabling the prospective isolation of viable INS⁺ cells. RESULTS Differentiation of INS(GFP/w) hESCs using published protocols demonstrated that all GFP⁺ cells co-produced insulin, confirming the fidelity of the reporter gene. INS-GFP⁺ cells often co-produced glucagon and somatostatin, confirming conclusions from previous studies that early hESC-derived insulin-producing cells were polyhormonal. INS(GFP/w) hESCs were used to develop a 96-well format spin embryoid body (EB) differentiation protocol that used the recombinant protein-based, fully defined medium, APEL. Like INS-GFP⁺ cells generated with other methods, those derived using the spin EB protocol expressed a suite of pancreatic-related transcription factor genes including ISL1, PAX6 and NKX2.2. However, in contrast with previous methods, the spin EB protocol yielded INS-GFP⁺ cells that also co-expressed the beta cell transcription factor gene, NKX6.1, and comprised a substantial proportion of monohormonal INS⁺ cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION INS(GFP/w) hESCs are a valuable tool for investigating the nature of early INS⁺ progenitors in beta cell ontogeny and will facilitate the development of novel protocols for generating INS⁺ cells from differentiating hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. J. Micallef
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - X. Li
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - J. V. Schiesser
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - C. E. Hirst
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Q. C. Yu
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - S. M. Lim
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - M. C. Nostro
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - D. A. Elliott
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - F. Sarangi
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - L. C. Harrison
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - G. Keller
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. G. Elefanty
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - E. G. Stanley
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Level 3, Building 75, STRIP1, West Ring Road, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
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Urbanski PP, Lenos A, Bougioukakis P, Keller G, Diegeler A. Monitoring of unilateral cerebral perfusion with near-infrared spectroscopy. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Basford CL, Prentice KJ, Hardy AB, Sarangi F, Micallef SJ, Li X, Guo Q, Elefanty AG, Stanley EG, Keller G, Allister EM, Nostro MC, Wheeler MB. The functional and molecular characterisation of human embryonic stem cell-derived insulin-positive cells compared with adult pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2012; 55:358-71. [PMID: 22075915 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Using a novel directed differentiation protocol, we recently generated up to 25% insulin-producing cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) (insulin(+) cells). At this juncture, it was important to functionally and molecularly characterise these hESC-derived insulin(+) cells and identify key differences and similarities between them and primary beta cells. METHODS We used a new reporter hESC line with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cDNA targeted to the INS locus by homologous recombination (INS (GFP/w)) and an untargeted hESC line (HES2). INS (GFP/w) allowed efficient identification and purification of GFP-producing (INS:GFP(+)) cells. Insulin(+) cells were examined for key features of adult beta cells using microarray, quantitative PCR, secretion assays, imaging and electrophysiology. RESULTS Immunofluorescent staining showed complete co-localisation of insulin with GFP; however, cells were often multihormonal, many with granules containing insulin and glucagon. Electrophysiological recordings revealed variable K(ATP) and voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel activity, and reduced glucose-induced cytosolic Ca(2+) uptake. This translated into defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion but, intriguingly, appropriate glucagon responses. Gene profiling revealed differences in global gene expression between INS:GFP(+) cells and adult human islets; however, INS:GFP(+) cells had remarkably similar expression of endocrine-lineage transcription factors and genes involved in glucose sensing and exocytosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION INS:GFP(+) cells can be purified from differentiated hESCs, providing a superior source of insulin-producing cells. Genomic analyses revealed that INS:GFP(+) cells collectively resemble immature endocrine cells. However, insulin(+) cells were heterogeneous, a fact that translated into important functional differences within this population. The information gained from this study may now be used to generate new iterations of functioning beta cells that can be purified for transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Basford
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, TMDT, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Keller G, Desebbe O, Di Fillipo S, Lehot JJ. [Transesophageal guidance during a radiofrequency ablation procedure in a newborn]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2011; 30:760-761. [PMID: 21944203 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Desgranges FP, Desebbe O, Ghazouani A, Gilbert K, Keller G, Chiari P, Robin J, Bastien O, Lehot JJ, Cannesson M. Influence of the site of measurement on the ability of plethysmographic variability index to predict fluid responsiveness. Br J Anaesth 2011; 107:329-35. [PMID: 21680600 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aer165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plethysmographic variability index (PVI) is an accurate predictor of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. However, the site of measurement of the plethysmographic waveform impacts its morphology and its respiratory variation. The goal of this study was to investigate the ability of PVI to predict fluid responsiveness at three sites of measurement (the forehead, ear, and finger) in mechanically ventilated patients under general anaesthesia. METHODS We studied 28 subjects after induction of general anaesthesia. Subjects were monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter and three pulse oximeter sensors (the finger, ear, and forehead). Pulse pressure variation, central venous pressure, cardiac index (CI), and PVI measured at the forehead, ear, and finger (PVI(forehead), PVI(ear), and PVI(finger)) were recorded before and after fluid loading (FL). Subjects were responders to volume expansion if CI increased >15% after FL. RESULTS Areas under the receiver-operating curves to predict fluid responsiveness were 0.906, 0.880, and 0.836 for PVI(forehead), PVI(ear), and PVI(finger), respectively (P<0.05). PVI(forehead), PVI(ear), and PVI(finger) had a threshold value to predict fluid responsiveness of 15%, 16%, and 12% with sensitivities of 89%, 74%, and 74% and specificities of 78%, 74%, and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS PVI can predict fluid responsiveness in anaesthetized and ventilated subjects at all three sites of measurement. However, the threshold values for predicting fluid responsiveness differ with the site of measurement. These results support the use of this plethysmographic dynamic index in the cephalic region when the finger is inaccessible or during states of low peripheral perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-P Desgranges
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Louis Pradel Hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSERM ERI 22, Lyon, France
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Saroul C, Keller G, Benaissa M, Lehot JJ. [Anesthesia for minimally invasive cardiac procedure]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2011; 30 Suppl 1:S38-S43. [PMID: 21703486 DOI: 10.1016/s0750-7658(11)70009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The objectives are to present the different minimally invasive cardiac surgery techniques to repair the mitral valve, TAVI and MitraClip, as well as the implications for the anaesthetist. Evaluate retrospectively the anaesthesist methods, change in monitoring and how the patients are selected. The mitral valve repair by minithoracotomy and video-surgery requires selective left intubation and monitoring by TEE. The TAVI methods seem to be working best under local anaesthesia and sedation for haemodynamic and neurologic monitoring. The MitraClip surgery requires an extensive monitoring during and after surgery. In conclusion, the care of patients that are candidates for a TAVI requires the same level of expertise as anaesthesiology in cardiac surgery. The number of procedures performed under sedation will increase. These patients require multidisciplinary care (surgeons, cardiologists, sonographers and anaesthesiologists) due to comorbidities, and the possible haemodynamic, neurologic and vascular complications. These patients have an Euroscore greater than 20% and a STS score greater than 10%. In our experience, 80% of the cases are done femorally, 17% of the cases are done through the subsclavian artery (Corevalve(®)). 80% of the patients have surgery with a local anaesthesia and sedation. 20% of the patients get surgery with general anaesthesia. For the Edwards-Sapien(®) valve, when the femoral approach is impossible, the patient can get surgery with general anaesthesia using the transapical access.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Saroul
- Hôpital Cardio-Vasculaire et Pneumologique Louis Pradel - Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron cedex, France
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Merz L, Haase W, Keller G. Magnetische Eigenschaften tetramerer Halogeno(2-dialkylaminoäthanolato)kupfer(II)-Komplexe vom Kubantyp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19760800408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Keller G, Sahni A, Bajpai S. Erratum to: Deccan volcanism, the KT mass extinction and dinosaurs. J Biosci 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-010-0017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Recent advances in Deccan volcanic studies indicate three volcanic phases with the phase-1 at 67.5 Ma followed by a 2 m.y. period of quiescence. Phase-2 marks the main Deccan volcanic eruptions in Chron 29r near the end of the Maastrichtian and accounts for approximately 80% of the entire 3500 m thick Deccan lava pile. At least four of the world's longest lava flows spanning 1000 km across India and out into the Gulf of Bengal mark phase-2. The final phase-3 was smaller, coincided with the early Danian Chron 29n and also witnessed several of the longest lava flows. The KT boundary and mass extinction was first discovered based on planktic foraminifera from shallow marine intertrappean sediments exposed in Rajahmundry quarries between the longest lava flows of the main volcanic phase-2 and smaller phase-3. At this locality early Danian (zone P1a) planktic foraminiferal assemblages directly overlie the top of phase-2 eruptions and indicate that the masse extinction coincided with the end of this volcanic phase. Planktic foraminiferal assemblages also mark the KT boundary in intertrappean sediments at Jhilmili, Chhindwara, where freshwater to estuarine conditions prevailed during the early Danian and indicate the presence of a marine seaway across India at KT time. Dinosaur bones, nesting sites with complete eggs and abundant eggshells are known from central India surrounding the hypothesized seaway through the Narmada-Tapti rift zone. A Maastrichtian age is generally assigned to these dinosaur remains. Age control may now be improved based on marine microfossils from sequences deposited in the seaway and correlating these strata to nearby terrestrial sequences with dinosaur remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Keller
- Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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Ferrari G, Beckmann E, Sainger R, Keller G, Yu P, Monti M, Galloway A, Grau J. Validation of Plasma Biomarkers in Degenerative Calcific Aortic Stenosis. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gaudet P, Lane L, Fey P, Bridge A, Poux S, Auchincloss A, Axelsen K, Braconi Quintaje S, Boutet E, Brown P, Coudert E, Datta RS, de Lima WC, de Oliveira Lima T, Duvaud S, Farriol-Mathis N, Ferro Rojas S, Feuermann M, Gateau A, Hinz U, Hulo C, James J, Jimenez S, Jungo F, Keller G, Lemercier P, Lieberherr D, Moinat M, Nikolskaya A, Pedruzzi I, Rivoire C, Roechert B, Schneider M, Stanley E, Tognolli M, Sjölander K, Bougueleret L, Chisholm RL, Bairoch A. Collaborative annotation of genes and proteins between UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and dictyBase. Database (Oxford) 2009; 2009:bap016. [PMID: 20157489 PMCID: PMC2790310 DOI: 10.1093/database/bap016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, a curated protein database, and dictyBase, the Model Organism Database for Dictyostelium discoideum, have established a collaboration to improve data sharing. One of the major steps in this effort was the ‘Dicty annotation marathon’, a week-long exercise with 30 annotators aimed at achieving a major increase in the number of D. discoideum proteins represented in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. The marathon led to the annotation of over 1000 D. discoideum proteins in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. Concomitantly, there were a large number of updates in dictyBase concerning gene symbols, protein names and gene models. This exercise demonstrates how UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot can work in very close cooperation with model organism databases and how the annotation of proteins can be accelerated through those collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gaudet
- dictyBase, Northwestern University Biomedical Informatics Center and Center for Genetic Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, Swiss-Prot group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, The EMBL Outstation, The European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK, QB3 Institute and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, CMU, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven St NW, Suite 1200, Washington DC 20007, USA and Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, CMU, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Ludwig A, Keller G, Klin M. Results of more than 300 cases using beta-tricalcium phosphate for defect reconstruction in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Navarro M, Marque G, Ayax C, Keller G, Borges JP, Marque C, Teulières C. Complementary regulation of four Eucalyptus CBF genes under various cold conditions. J Exp Bot 2009; 60:2713-24. [PMID: 19457981 PMCID: PMC2692017 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
CBF transcription factors play central roles in the control of freezing tolerance in plants. The isolation of two additional CBF genes, EguCBF1c and EguCBF1d, from E. gunnii, one of the cold-hardiest Eucalyptus species, is described. While the EguCBF1D protein sequence is very similar to the previously characterized EguCBF1A and EguCBF1B sequences, EguCBF1C is more distinctive, in particular in the AP2-DBD (AP2-DNA binding domain). The expression analysis of the four genes by RT-qPCR reveals that none of them is specific to one stress but they are all preferentially induced by cold, except for the EguCBF1c gene which is more responsive to salt. The calculation of the transcript copy number enables the quantification of constitutive CBF gene expression. This basal level, significant for the four genes, greatly influences the final EguCBF1 transcript level in the cold. A cold shock at 4 degrees C, as well as a progressive freezing which mimics a natural frost episode, trigger a fast and strong response of the EguCBF1 genes, while growth at acclimating temperatures results in a lower but more durable induction. The differential expression of the four EguCBF1 genes under these cold regimes suggests that there is a complementary regulation. The high accumulation of the CBF transcript, observed in response to the different types of cold conditions, might be a key for the winter survival of this evergreen broad-leaved tree.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - C. Teulières
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Keller G, D'Auria V, Treps N, Coudreau T, Laurat J, Fabre C. Experimental demonstration of frequency-degenerate bright EPR beams with a self-phase-locked OPO. Opt Express 2008; 16:9351-9356. [PMID: 18575498 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.009351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental observation of bright EPR beams produced by a type-II optical parametric oscillator operating above threshold at frequency degeneracy. The degenerate operation is obtained by introducing a birefringent plate inside the cavity resulting in phase locking. After filtering the pump noise, which plays a critical role, continuous-variable EPR correlations between the orthogonally polarized signal and idler beams are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Keller
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Case 74, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Iwanski GB, Block A, Keller G, Muench J, Claus S, Fiedler W, Bokemeyer C. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma presenting with extensive skin lesions: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2008; 2:115. [PMID: 18426583 PMCID: PMC2365965 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-2-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2007] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histological subtype of cancer in the upper and middle esophagus and is characterized by a high rate of mortality. The incidence of esophageal cancer varies greatly among regions of the world and occurs at a high frequency in Asia and South America. Case presentation In our department, a 51-year-old man was diagnosed with ESCC after presenting with extensive disseminated skin nodules. Biopsy of the nodules showed metastatic ESCC. Cutaneous manifestations of esophageal neoplasia are very rare and are mainly described for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC). Here we report a very uncommon case of extensive skin metastases of ESCC. Conclusion Early biopsies of suspicious skin lesions are important and should be performed in patients with unclear symptoms such as weight loss or dysphagia and especially in patients with a history of cancer, since they can reveal the existence of a distant malignant disease leading to diagnosis and prompt therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Iwanski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Hamburg, Eppendorf, Martinistrasse, Hamburg, Germany.
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Urbanski P, Lenos A, Blume C, Keller G, Dinkel M, Diegeler A. Usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy for the monitoring of unilateral cerebral perfusion. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ollivon M, Bourgaux C, Keller G, Kalnin D, Angelova A. Characterization of molecular organization and thermal properties of lipidic nanostructures applied to pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food products. Acta Crystallogr A 2007. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767307096675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Keller G, Calleja G, Floccard B, Gruner L, Allaouchiche B. [An unrecognized oesophageal rupture]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2007; 26:596-9. [PMID: 17543493 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2007.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Perforation of the abdominal oesophagus from blunt trauma is an extremely rare injury. We report a case of an initially unrecognized oesophageal injury. The patient underwent an immediate laparotomy for haemorrhagic shock. The diagnosis was made by tomodensitometry and was delayed by modified radiological interpretation secondary to laparotomy. Finally, the outcome was favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Keller
- Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, hospices civils de Lyon, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon cedex 03, France
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Amato MF, Lerman DC, Keller G, Digirolamo G, Bignone IMI. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Two Cases Associated to Allopurinol and Cotrimoxazole. Drug Saf 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200730100-00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Baumann S, Keller G, Pühringer F, Napieralski R, Feith M, Langer R, Höfler H, Stein HJ, Sarbia M. The prognostic impact of O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) promotor hypermethylation in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2006; 119:264-8. [PMID: 16477636 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Promotor hypermethylation is a common event in human cancer. O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) is a gene involved in DNA repair, which is methylated in a variety of cancer types. In colorectal cancer and lung cancer, hypermethylation of MGMT has been correlated with p53 mutation. In the present study, 132 samples of esophageal adenocarcinoma and 58 samples of normal esophageal tissue were investigated for MGMT hypermethylation status by methylation-specific real-time PCR and results were correlated to clinicopathological parameters, patient's survival, p53 mutation and expression of p53 protein and MGMT protein. In the carcinomas, hypermethylation of MGMT was found in 63.6% of cases and loss of MGMT protein expression in 48.5% of cases. Furthermore, MGMT hypermethylation was found in 5.7% of normal esophageal smooth muscle tissue, in 20.0% of esophageal squamous epithelium and in 61.5% of nonneoplastic Barrett's mucosa. In the carcinomas, hypermethylation of the MGMT gene was correlated with loss MGMT protein expression (p < 0.0001) and with high tumor differentiation (p = 0.0079). In contrast, no correlation between MGMT hypermethylation, Lauren's classification, WHO classification, tumor size, gender, age, pT category and pN category, and p53 status was found. Neither MGMT hypermethylation nor loss of MGMT protein expression was correlated with patient's survival. In conclusion, MGMT hypermethylation in esophageal adenocarcinoma is a frequent event that is associated with loss of MGMT protein expression but not with patient's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baumann
- Institute for Pathology and Pathologic Anatomy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Davalos V, Dopeso H, Velho S, Ferreira AM, Cirnes L, Díaz-Chico N, Bilbao C, Ramírez R, Rodríguez G, Falcón O, León L, Niessen RC, Keller G, Dallenbach-Hellweg G, Espín E, Armengol M, Plaja A, Perucho M, Imai K, Yamamoto H, Gebert JF, Díaz-Chico JC, Hofstra RM, Woerner SM, Seruca R, Schwartz S, Arango D. High EPHB2 mutation rate in gastric but not endometrial tumors with microsatellite instability. Oncogene 2006; 26:308-11. [PMID: 16819508 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The EPH/EFN family of receptor tyrosine kinases regulates cell adhesion and migration and has an important role in controlling cell positioning in the normal intestinal epithelium. Inactivation of EPHB2 has recently been shown to accelerate tumorigenesis in the colon and rectum, and we have previously demonstrated frequent frameshift mutations (41%) in an A9 coding microsatellite repeat in exon 17 of EPHB2 in colorectal tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI). In this study, we extended these analyses to extracolonic MSI cancers, and found frameshift EPHB2 mutations in 39% (25/64) of gastric tumors and 14% (8/56) of endometrial tumors. Regression analysis of these EPHB2 mutation data on the basis of our previously proposed statistical model identified EPHB2 as a selective target of frameshift mutations in MSI gastric cancers but not in MSI endometrial carcinomas. These results suggest a functional role for EPHB2 in gastric tumor progression, and emphasize the differences between the tumorigenic processes in MSI gastrointestinal and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Davalos
- Molecular Oncology Program, Molecular Oncology and Aging Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Passeig Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Gaiser T, Rüschoff J, Schally AV, Keller G, Engel JB. [Receptors for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone expressed on melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and non Hodgkin lymphoma can be used for targeted chemotherapy with cytotoxic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues]. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 2006; 90:186-92. [PMID: 17867596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cytotoxic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues AN-152 and AN-207 consist of [D-Lys6] LHRH linked to doxorubicin or its hyperactive derivate AN-201 and bind with high affinity to LHRH receptors. We evaluated the use of AN-207 and AN-201 in a nude mice model. In order to provide a rationale for the possible use of cytotoxic LHRH analogues in different malignancies we investigated the expression of LHRH-R in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC), melanoma and non Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL). METHODS The expression of LHRH-R was examined in surgically removed human specimens of primary tumours and metastases from 37 RCC, 19 melanomas and 17 NHLs. In addition, human tumour cell lines expressing LHRH receptors were transplanted into nude mice and anti-tumour efficacy and systemic toxicity of AN-207 and its cytotoxic radical AN-201 were compared in various experiments. RESULTS Positive staining for LHRH receptors was found in all of the RCC (37/37) and the melanoma specimens (19/19) as well as in 100% (10/10) of the NHLs. In in vivo experiments AN-207 significantly inhibited tumour growth while the cytotoxic radical alone was ineffective. Furthermore, side effects were reduced with targeted therapy. CONCLUSIONS LHRH receptor expression was found to be very high in melanomas, RCCs and NHLs. Therefore targeted therapy with cytotoxic LHRH analogues may be a promising, novel therapy for advanced stages of these tumours. A first clinical trial with AN-152 was initiated recently in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gaiser
- Institut für Pathologie und biomedizinische Forschung, Klinikum Kassel
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Mueller-Koch Y, Vogelsang H, Kopp R, Lohse P, Keller G, Aust D, Muders M, Gross M, Daum J, Schiemann U, Grabowski M, Scholz M, Kerker B, Becker I, Henke G, Holinski-Feder E. Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer: clinical and molecular evidence for a new entity of hereditary colorectal cancer. Gut 2005; 54:1733-40. [PMID: 15955785 PMCID: PMC1774771 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is clinically defined by familial clustering of colorectal cancer and other associated tumours. METHODS By thorough molecular and clinical evaluation of 41 families, two different groups were characterised: group 1, 25 families with truncating mutations in MLH1 or MSH2 (12 novel mutations); and group 2, 16 Amsterdam positive families without mutations in these genes and without microsatellite instability in their corresponding tumours. RESULTS Significant clinical differences between these two groups were found. Firstly, earlier age of onset for all colorectal cancers (median 41 v 55 years; p < 0.001) and all tumours (median 43 v 56 years; p = 0.022) was observed, comparing groups 1 and 2. Secondly, 68% of the index colorectal cancers were localised proximally of the splenic flexure in group 1 compared with 14% in group 2 (p < 0.010). Thirdly, more synchronous and metachronous colorectal (p = 0.017) and extracolorectal tumours (p < 0.001) were found in group 1. Fourthly, a higher colorectal adenoma/carcinoma ratio (p = 0.030) and a tendency towards more synchronous or metachronous adenomas in group 2 (p = 0.084) was observed, indicating a slower progression of adenomas to carcinomas. As three mutation negative tumours revealed chromosomal instability after comparative genomic hybridisation, these tumours may be caused by one or more highly penetrant disease alleles from the chromosomal instability pathway. CONCLUSION These data show that HNPCC includes at least two entities with clinical and molecular differences. This will have implications for surveillance programmes and for cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mueller-Koch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
A premalignant condition with high risk of gastric cancer is the basis for prophylactic gastric surgery. The germline mutation carrier in the E-cadherin gene has a lifetime risk of 70-80% for diffuse-type gastric cancer, and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia has a 60-70% gastric cancer risk. Other premalignant conditions such as HNPCC syndrome (5% gastric cancer) and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (10% risk) are moderate risk factors for developing gastric cancer. They do not justify prophylactic surgery, but surveillance is required. In case high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or early gastric cancer is detected, an option is extended radicality with total gastrectomy instead of subtotal gastric resection. Positive family history and early-onset of gastric cancer are risk factors to consider when discussing prophylactic gastrectomy or extended radicality.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vogelsang
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München.
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Engel JB, Schally AV, Nagy A, Gabor H, Keller G. Rezeptorvermittelte Chemotherapie experimenteller Ovarial- und Endometriumkarzinome in vivo. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-920862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Keller G. Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht. Gesichtspunkte der Beobachtung, Beratung, Beurteilung. Von V. Pankratz, F. Puchtinger, H. Reuther, H. Schmoranzer, B. Soloch, H. Struß und P. Tresselt. Verlag Moritz Diesterweg, Frankfurt, Berlin, München 1976. 1. Aufl. CHEM UNSERER ZEIT 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ciuz.19770110106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Keller G. Lehrbuch der Chemie für die Sekundarstufe I. CHEM UNSERER ZEIT 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ciuz.19730070209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sekiyama A, Fujiwara H, Imada S, Suga S, Eisaki H, Uchida SI, Takegahara K, Harima H, Saitoh Y, Nekrasov IA, Keller G, Kondakov DE, Kozhevnikov AV, Pruschke T, Held K, Vollhardt D, Anisimov VI. Mutual experimental and theoretical validation of bulk photoemission spectra of Sr1-xCaxVO3. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:156402. [PMID: 15524910 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.156402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report high-resolution high-energy photoemission spectra together with parameter-free LDA + DMFT (local density approximation + dynamical mean-field theory) results for Sr1-xCaxVO3, a prototype 3d(1) system. In contrast to earlier investigations the bulk spectra are found to be insensitive to x. The good agreement between experiment and theory confirms the bulk sensitivity of the high-energy photoemission spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sekiyama
- Department of Material Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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Keller G, Vogelsang H, Becker I, Plaschke S, Ott K, Suriano G, Mateus AR, Seruca R, Biedermann K, Huntsman D, Döring C, Holinski-Feder E, Neutzling A, Siewert JR, Höfler H. Germline mutations of the E-cadherin(CDH1) and TP53 genes, rather than of RUNX3 and HPP1, contribute to genetic predisposition in German gastric cancer patients. J Med Genet 2004; 41:e89. [PMID: 15173255 PMCID: PMC1735803 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2003.015594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Keller
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany.
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