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Masrani A, Jazmati T, Alahdab F, Mani S, Murad H, Mani N. Abstract No. 579 BRTO vs. TIPS for gastric variceal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Murad H, Ghabrah T, Rafeeq M, Ali S. Subdiuretic dose of furosemide enhances albuterol effects in asthmatic mice rather than bumetanide. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:585-593. [PMID: 30193887 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the loop diuretics, furosemide, was found useful in bronchial asthma. It enhanced anti-asthmatic effects of albuterol. The underlying mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was planned to investigate whether the enhancing effect of furosemide for albuterol in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic BALB/c mice is diuretic-related or not. METHODS Two sets of experiments were performed. In the first, effects of inhaled subdiuretic doses of furosemide and bumetanide (another loop diuretic) were compared. Treatments (mg/mL) were given as 15 minute-inhalation before final ovalbumin provocation as follows: albuterol (2.5), furosemide (0.08), bumetanide (0.005), (albuterol+furosemide, 2.5+0.08), and (albuterol+bumetanide, 2.5+0.005). Airway hyperreactivity (AHR) to inhaled methacholine, levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and differential white blood cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung histopathology were evaluated. In the second set, effects of oral diuretic doses (mg/kg) of furosemide (10) and bumetanide (0.25) were given before final ovalbumin provocation. Urine volume and asthma parameters were measured. RESULTS Ovalbumin-asthmatic mice showed significant increases in AHR, levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and inflammatory cells in BALF, and lung inflammatory cell infiltration. Inhaled furosemide significantly decreased these changes while inhaled bumetanide failed. Albuterol and albuterol+bumetanide significantly decreased these changes more than furosemide while albuterol+furosemide produced the most significant decreases. Both oral furosemide and bumetanide exerted equivalent diuretic effects but failed to improve asthma. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled subdiuretic dose of furosemide enhanced effects of albuterol more in ovalbumin-asthmatic mice rather than bumetanide, while oral diuretic doses of both drugs failed to improve asthma, indicating that this enhancing effect is not diuretic-related.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - T Ghabrah
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Ali
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Dankner R, Boker LK, Boffetta P, Balicer RD, Murad H, Berlin A, Olmer L, Agai N, Freedman LS. A historical cohort study on glycemic-control and cancer-risk among patients with diabetes. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 57:104-109. [PMID: 30388485 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This population-based historical cohort study examined whether poor glycemic-control (i.e., high glucose and HbA1c blood levels) in patients with diabetes is associated with cancer-risk. METHODS From a large healthcare database, patients aged 21-89 years, diagnosed with diabetes before January 2002 (prevalent) or during 2002-2010 (incident), were followed for cancer during 2004-2012 (excluding cancers diagnosed within the first 2 years since diabetes diagnosis). Risks of selected cancers (all-sites, colon, breast, lung, prostate, pancreas and liver) were estimated according to glycemic-control in a Cox regression model with time-dependent covariates, adjusted for age, sex, ethnic origin, socioeconomic status, smoking and parity. Missing glucose or HbA1c values were imputed. RESULTS Among 440,000 patients included in our analysis, cancer was detected more than 2 years after diabetes diagnosis in 26,887 patients (6%) during the follow-up period. Associations of poor glycemic-control with all-sites cancer and most specific cancers were either null or only weak (hazard ratios (HRs) for a 1% HbA1c or a 30 mg/dl glucose increase between 0.94 and 1.09). Exceptions were pancreatic cancer, for which there was a strong positive association (HRs: 1.26-1.51), and prostate cancer, for which there was a moderate negative association (HRs: 0.85-0.96). CONCLUSION Overall, poor glycemic-control appears to be only weakly associated with cancer-risk, if at all. A substantial part of the positive association with pancreatic cancer is attributable to reverse causation, with the cancer causing poorer glycemic-control prior to its diagnosis. The negative association with prostate cancer may be related to lower PSA levels in those with poor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dankner
- Unit for Cardiovascular Epidemiology, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel; Patient Oriented Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, North Shore, New York, United States.
| | - L Keinan Boker
- The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Israel; School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
| | - P Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, United States
| | - R D Balicer
- Clalit Health Services, Clalit Research Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel; Public Health Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - H Murad
- Unit for Biostatistics, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - A Berlin
- Unit for Cardiovascular Epidemiology, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Clalit Health Services, Clalit Research Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Olmer
- Unit for Biostatistics, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - N Agai
- Unit for Cardiovascular Epidemiology, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - L S Freedman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel; Unit for Biostatistics, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Abu-Zaid M, Eid S, Elgazzar N, Murad H, Khodeir S. AB1059 Clinical and Electrophysiological Evaluation of The Effectiveness of Local Insulin Injection in Management of Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Prospective Study). Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kalter-Leibovici O, Chetrit A, Lubin F, Atamna A, Alpert G, Ziv A, Abu-Saad K, Murad H, Eilat-Adar S, Goldbourt U. Adult-onset diabetes among Arabs and Jews in Israel: a population-based study. Diabet Med 2012; 29:748-54. [PMID: 22050554 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the age at presentation and factors associated with adult-onset diabetes (≥ 20 years) among Arabs and Jews in Israel. METHODS Participants (n = 1100) were randomly selected from the urban population of the Hadera District in Israel. The study sample was stratified into equal groups according to sex, ethnicity (Arabs and Jews) and age. Information on age at diabetes presentation, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics was obtained through personal interviews. Self reports of diabetes were compared with medical records and were found reliable (κ = 0.87). The risk for diabetes was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Factors associated with diabetes in both ethnic groups were studied using Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS The prevalence of adult-onset diabetes was 21% among Arabs and 12% among Jews. Arab participants were younger than Jews at diabetes presentation. By the age of 57 years, 25% of Arabs had diagnosed diabetes; the corresponding age among Jews was 68 years, a difference of 11 years (P < 0.001). The greater risk for diabetes among Arabs was independent of lifestyle factors, family history of diabetes and, among women, history of gestational diabetes; adjusted hazard ratio 1.70; 95% confidence interval 1.19-2.43. CONCLUSIONS Arabs in Israel are at greater risk for adult-onset diabetes than Jews and are younger at diabetes presentation. Culturally sensitive interventions aimed at maintaining normal body weight and active lifestyle should be targeted at this population. Possible genetic factors and gene-environmental interactions underlying the high risk for diabetes among Arabs should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kalter-Leibovici
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Abstract
Family history (FH) scores are used for estimating the familial risk (FR), i.e. the level of risk for a particular disease among members of that family. An FH score is created from reports about the disease status of the relatives in each family. The most commonly used score is the dichotomous score (positive when at least one relative is affected), which does not consider the family size, number of affected relatives nor each relative's risk factor profile. Authors have proposed many other FH scores that overcome these deficiencies by using external expected risks adjusted for important risk factors. We consider the use of FH scores in studies, which investigate risk factors for a disease and where family risk is considered as a confounder, and examine through simulations the performance of a variety of FH scores in controlling the FR status. We also examine performance in predicting true FR status. For both criteria, only small differences were found between most of the FH scores, although the dichotomous score performed the poorest. Since the proportion score (the proportion of first-degree relatives of the index who have the disease) is the simplest to calculate, use of this score seems to be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murad
- Biostatistics Unit, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Schwartz E, Sadetzki S, Murad H, Raveh D. Age as a risk factor for severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in nonimmune patients. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33:1774-7. [PMID: 11641827 DOI: 10.1086/322522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2001] [Revised: 04/19/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this nationwide, cross-sectional study, we evaluated the influence of age and other factors that affect clinical outcome of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in nonimmune patients. Of 135 patients with P. falciparum malaria, 84 (62%) were < 40 years old, and only 5% of the patients in this age group developed severe malaria, compared with 18% of the subjects who were > or =40 years of age (odds ratio, 4.29); moreover, all deaths occurred in the latter group. Male subjects did not differ from female subjects with regard to severity of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schwartz
- Center for Geographic Medicine and Department of Medicine C, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
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Murad H, Tabibian MP. The effect of an oral supplement containing glucosamine, amino acids, minerals, and antioxidants on cutaneous aging: a preliminary study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2001; 12:47-51. [PMID: 12171689 DOI: 10.1080/095466301750163590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans contribute to cutaneous changes seen in aging skin. METHODS A randomized, controlled, single-blind study was conducted with 53 female volunteers who were supplied with an oral supplement containing glucosamine, amino acids, minerals, and various antioxidant compounds. Hydration properties of the skin as well as textural analysis of the women's fine lines and wrinkles were assessed following 5 weeks intake of the oral supplement and results were compared with those of a control group of 12 individuals who did not take the supplement. RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction (34%) in the number of visible wrinkles as measured by the silflo replicas (P < 0.01) and a reduction (34%) in the number of fine lines (P < 0.06) in the group of women who took the supplement. No significant changes in epidermal hydration were observed in either the control or study groups. CONCLUSION The use of an oral supplement containing glucosamine, minerals, and various antioxidant compounds can potentially improve the appearance of visible wrinkles and fine lines. It does not, however, affect epidermal hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murad
- El Segundo, California 90245, USA
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Kenet G, Sadetzki S, Murad H, Martinowitz U, Rosenberg N, Gitel S, Rechavi G, Inbal A. Factor V Leiden and antiphospholipid antibodies are significant risk factors for ischemic stroke in children. Stroke 2000; 31:1283-8. [PMID: 10835445 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.31.6.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association between ischemic childhood stroke and thrombophilia has been debated. We studied the prevalence of thrombophilia risk factors in 65 unrelated children with ischemic stroke compared with 145 control subjects. METHODS Patients and control subjects were tested for antithrombin protein C and protein S deficiencies, the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA), factor V Leiden (FVL), G20210A polymorphism of factor II gene (FII G20210A), and C677T polymorphism of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (C677T MTHFR). RESULTS Of 65 children, 7 had a stroke in the neonatal/perinatal period and therefore were analyzed separately. Thirty-one of the remaining 58 patients with pediatric stroke (53.4%) were found to have at least 1 thrombophilia marker compared with only 25.5% of control subjects. None of the patients or control subjects had protein S or antithrombin III deficiency. The prevalence of protein C deficiency was higher among pediatric stroke patients than among control subjects, but the difference was not statistically significant (OR=7, 95% CI 0.75 to 65.1). Heterozygous FII G20210A and homozygous MTHFR 677T were not associated with an increased risk for stroke (OR=1.29, 95% CI 0.2 to 8.2; and OR=1.06, 95% CI 0.4 to 2.7, respectively). In contrast, the presence of APLA was associated with a >6-fold risk of stroke (OR=6. 08, 95% CI 1.5 to 24.3), and the heterozygosity for FVL increased the risk of stroke by almost 5-fold (OR=4.82, 95% CI 1.4 to 16.5). Five patients with pediatric stroke had a combination of > or =2 thrombophilia markers, whereas none of the control subjects had a combination of the markers. Most of the patients with neonatal/perinatal stroke were found to have at least 1 thrombophilia marker. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the prevalence of thrombophilia markers is increased in children with stroke compared with control subjects and, specifically, that FVL and APLA contribute significantly to stroke occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kenet
- Institute of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Menczer J, Sadetzki S, Murad H, Barda G, Andreev H, Barchana M. Childhood and adolescent ovarian malignant tumors in Israel. A nationwide study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1999; 78:813-7. [PMID: 10535348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of ovarian malignant tumors in childhood and adolescence, to ascertain the frequency distribution of the various tumor types and to assess time trends in Israel on a nationwide basis. METHODS The study group included all Israeli Jewish patients < or = 19 years old with histologically confirmed ovarian malignancies, diagnosed in Israel from 1970 to 1994. Data were obtained from the Israel Cancer Registry. The effects of age at diagnosis and period of diagnosis were analyzed using the Poisson regression. RESULTS Among the 82 patients identified, the most frequent tumors (72.0%) were of germ cell origin and among those about one third were dysgerminomas. Epithelial tumors were diagnosed in 26.6% of the patients and most of these were borderline malignancies. The incidence rate (IR) for the total group of ovarian malignancies in the 0-19 age group was 0.52 and for ages 5-19 it was 0.71 per 100,000. After adjustment for age, a significant linear trend for a decrease of germ cell tumors over time was found, stemming from a decrease of dysgerminomas. A significant trend for increase in the IRs with age was also found. In addition, a steep rise in the age specific IRs of epithelial borderline tumors was noted in the last 5 year period. CONCLUSIONS The IRs of ovarian malignancies in childhood and adolescence in Israel, as in other countries, is very low as compared to adults and the most common tumors are of germ cell origin while malignant epithelial tumors are very rare. A time period effect in the germ cell tumors that resulted from an inexplicable significant decrease in the age specific IRs of dysgerminomas, was observed. A significant increase in borderline tumors was also noted and may be attributed to greater awareness of pathologists to this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Menczer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
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Abstract
We describe a patient with complete (100%) innervation of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle by the accessory deep peroneal nerve, which resulted in an erroneous diagnosis of peroneal mononeuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murad
- EMG Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106-5098, USA
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Agid O, Shapira B, Zislin J, Ritsner M, Hanin B, Murad H, Troudart T, Bloch M, Heresco-Levy U, Lerer B. Environment and vulnerability to major psychiatric illness: a case control study of early parental loss in major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 1999; 4:163-72. [PMID: 10208448 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current focus on identifying genes which predispose to psychiatric illness sharpens the need to identify environmental factors which interact with genetic predisposition and thus contribute to the multifactorial causation of these disorders. One such factor may be early parental loss (EPL). The putative relationship between early environmental stressors such as parental loss and psychopathology in adult life has intrigued psychiatrists for most of this century. We report a case control study in which rates of EPL, due to parental death or permanent separation before the age of 17 years were evaluated in patients with major depression (MD), bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), compared to individually matched, healthy control subjects (MD-Control, 79 pairs; BPD-Control, 79 pairs; SCZ-Control, 76 pairs). Loss of parent during childhood significantly increased the likelihood of developing MD during adult life (OR=3.8, P=0.001). The effect of loss due to permanent separation (P=0.008) was more striking than loss due to death, as was loss before the age of 9 years (OR=11.0, P=0.003) compared to later childhood and adolescence. The overall rate of EPL was also increased in BPD (OR=2.6, P=0.048) but there were no significant findings in any of the subcategories of loss. A significantly increased rate of EPL was observed in schizophrenia patients (OR=3.8, P=0.01), particularly before the age of 9 years (OR=4.3, P=0.01). Comparison of psychosocial, medical and clinical characteristics of subjects with and without a history of EPL, within the larger patient groups from which the matched samples were drawn (MD, n=136; BPD, n=107; SCZ, n=160), yielded few significant findings. Among the controls (n=170), however, subjects who had experienced EPL, reported lower incomes, had been divorced more frequently, were more likely to be living alone, were more likely to smoke or have smoked cigarettes and reported more physical illness (P=0.03-0.001). Long term neurobiological consequences of early environmental stressors such as maternal deprivation have been extensively studied in many animal species. Recently, enduring changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, including corticotrophin releasing factor gene expression, have received particular attention. Analogous processes may be implicated in the effect of EPL on human vulnerability to psychopathology, via alterations in responsiveness to stress. Genetic predisposition may influence the degree of susceptibility of the individual to the effects of early environmental stress and may also determine the psychopathological entity to which the individual is rendered vulnerable as a consequence of the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Agid
- Dept of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Pessanha AV, Rodrigues C, Fuks V, Murad H, Murad M. [Percutaneous approach for the treatment of unprotected left main coronary stenosis. New perspectives with the use of coronary stents]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1997; 68:193-7. [PMID: 9435359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of coronary stenosis located in an unprotected left main coronary artery, treated primarily and electively with the placement of a coronary stent. As a function of the large mass of myocardium involved, this patient would be considered a classical candidate for direct surgery, because the inherent risk involved with conventional balloon angioplasty, mainly due to the eventual occurrence of acute closure during the procedure. Since the previsibility of the immediate results with the use of coronary stents was significantly improved, we propose this new therapeutic approach for this traditionally surgical case, that has been performed with success and without any complication. This strategy for the treatment of unprotected left main lesions with the elective placement of Palmaz-Schatz stents, has not yet been proposed or applied in our country, and may represent a new universe of indication of percutaneous treatment of coronary artery disease, no longer approaching the left main stem only in special or emergency situations, usually a result of complications of left main manipulation during angioplasty of the coronary system. The patient involved in this case did not show any contraindication for the treatment with conventional open heart surgery.
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Murad H, Shamban AT, Premo PS. The use of glycolic acid as a peeling agent. Dermatol Clin 1995; 13:285-307. [PMID: 7600706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycolic acid is a member of the AHA family, which occurs naturally in foods and has been used for centuries as a cutaneous rejuvenation treatment. Recently it has proved to be a versatile peeling agent and it is now widely used to treat many defects of the epidermis and papillary dermis in a variety of strengths, ranging from 20% to 70%, depending on the condition being treated. People of almost any skin type and color are candidates, and almost any area of the body can be peeled. Several weeks prior to a peel the skin may be prepared with topical tretinoin or glycolic acid, and immediately prior to the peel the skin may be degreased with a variety of agents. Following the peel the skin is carefully observed for any complications such as hyperpigmentation and infection. Results are maintained with serial peels and at-home use of tretinoin or glycolic acid, as well as sun avoidance. The glycolic acid can be applied simultaneously with TCA and is another technique for a medium-depth peel. Comparison of 35% TCA-treated skin with 70% glycolic acid-treated skin examined histologically at different times reveals similar changes in papillary dermis connective tissue proteins, epidermal necrosis seen only with TCA, and reversion at 2 years postpeel to pretreatment appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murad
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxyacid that is useful as a chemical peeling agent. OBJECTIVE To discuss the techniques using glycolic acid to remove actinic keratoses, fine wrinkles, lentigines, melasma, and seborrheic keratoses. METHOD Applied in a carefully timed manner, the depth of penetration can be titrated by the timed duration of application of acid on the skin. Chemical peels are left on the skin for 3 to 7 minutes for most patients. For ideal results, the chemical peel can be repeated 3 to 4 times. RESULT Glycolic acid can easily be used to peel skin of all skin types with minimal risk. CONCLUSION We have found glycolic acid can be an ideal adjunct to other cosmetic modalities such as soft tissue augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Moy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine
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Awad MT, Stolf NA, Gomes OM, Jazbik ADP, Murad H, Bastos E. [Spectral analysis of the arterial pulse during extracorporeal circulation. Experimental study in dogs]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1990; 54:199-204. [PMID: 2288506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Spectral analysis of arterial pulse was performed during cardiopulmonary bypass with both pulsatile and continuous flow in order to evaluate the pulse model best suitable to reproduce physiological circulatory conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten adult mongrel dogs were submitted to cardiopulmonary bypass with a roller pump for continuous flow and pulsatile flow pump in parallel. The physiological pressure waves, the roller pump waves and the pulsatile pump flow waves were recorded. During the pulsatile flow we varied the ejection period of the pump in relation to the total cycle by 70%, 60%, 50%, 40% and 30%. RESULTS The roller pump flow showed a bifid wave followed by single peak wave. During spectral analysis we observed three harmonic components of the same amplitude. The using of the pulsatile pump flow proportioned, by spectral analysis, harmonic components whose amplitudes are inversely proportional for ejection/cycle ratio. CONCLUSION The fundamental component of the pressure wave during the physiological flow, the pulsatile flow, and that of the roller pump stays the same, if the same blood flow is maintained; the pulse of the flow is inversely proportional to the ejection/cycle ratio; the roller pump produces a flow pattern that cannot be described as laminar; the ejection/cycle ratio of 30% seemed ideal for the performance of pulsatile flow perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Awad
- Universidades de Mogi das Cruzes, de São Paulo, Federal de Minas Gerais e Federal do Rio de Janeiro
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Murad H, de Queiroz AD, de Mattos SC, Piedade MM, de Albuquerque PC, Murad LH, Pereira GC, Bastos ES, Jazbik AP. [Myocardial protection by blood cardioplegia during extracorporeal circulation. Ultrastructural myocardial evaluation in the dog]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1983; 41:231-9. [PMID: 6675615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Murad H, de Queiróz AD, Piedade MM, Murad LH, Pereira GC, de Mattos SC, Bastos ES, Jazbik ADP. [Ultrastructural changes in the myocardium during cardiac surgery]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1983; 41:53-62. [PMID: 6365046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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19
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Murad H, de Albuquerque PC, Bastos ES, de Deus e Brito J, Jazbik Ade P. [Myocardial protection during extracorporeal circulation]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1983; 40:413-22. [PMID: 6667151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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20
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Bastos ES, Murad H, Haddad R, de Deus e Brito J, Jazbik ADP. [Posterior drainage of the mediastinum in heart surgery]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1980; 35:295-7. [PMID: 7213111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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21
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Hasan SA, Murad H, Usmani NN. Effect of Cu-IUD on the level of glycogen and protein in different organs of rat. CURR SCI INDIA 1976; 45:460-1. [PMID: 976536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Murad H, Hasan SA, Usmani NN. Studies on the glycogen and protein levels in the uterine horns of rat in the presence of copper intrauterine device,. Indian J Exp Biol 1976; 14:174-5. [PMID: 992736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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24
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Vieira OM, de Andrade CA, Murad H, Lacombe D, Hércules HDC, do Amaral CR, Pessoa RF, de Andrade MA. [Duodenal stasis and pancreatitis. Experimental study]. AMB Rev Assoc Med Bras 1973; 19:81-6. [PMID: 4540918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Vieira OM, Santos MA, Murad H, Hugill J, de Andrade M. [Filtration of Schistosoma mansoni using extracorporeal circulation]. Hospital (Rio J) 1969; 76:1729-38. [PMID: 5308968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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