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Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Hütter R, Keller-Schierlein W, Kradolfer F, Neipp L, Prelog V, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 12. Mitteilung. Über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung von Acetomycin. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.660410127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Seiffert A, Goeke K, Fielder HP, Zähner H. Production of the siderophore enterobactin: use of four different fermentation systems and identification of the compound by HPLC. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 41:237-44. [PMID: 18609543 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260410210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The article describes four different fermentation procedures for Escherichia coli AN311, a producer of enterobactin. A regular rotary shaker culture with a biphasic system consisting of an agar layer (as a reservoir for feeding processes) and a layer of liquid medium, 2.4 L and 10 L batch cultures, and a novel dialysis membrane fermentor were used. With the use of this latter fermentor type, the production of enterobactin could be increased by a factor of about 9.5, while growth increased by a factor of 12 compared to the other systems. For the rapid and reliable quantification of the concentration and purity of enterobactin an analytical and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established. The degradation compounds of this siderophore were detected by diodearray and bioassays. A comparison of total catechol production as well as the distribution between enterobactin and its degradation compounds is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Seiffert
- Biologisches institut, LB Mikrobiologie/Antibiotika, Universität Tübingen, auf der Morgenstelle 28, 7400 Tübingen, Germany
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Zähner H. M. Girbardt (Herausgeber), Wirkungsmechanismen von Fungiziden und Antibiotica. Internationales Symposium, Reinhardsbrunn. 443 S., 167 Abb., 69 Tab., 2 Taf. Berlin 1967: Akademie-Verlag M 29,50. J Basic Microbiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.19680080317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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König WA, Krauss C, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Mikroorganismen 6-Chlorgenistein und 6,3′-Dichlorgenistein. 164. Mitteilung. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19770600627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gäumann E, Hütter R, Keller-Schierlein W, Neipp L, Prelog V, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 21. Mitteilung. Lankamycin und Lankacidin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19600430221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Keller-Schierlein W, Kradolfer F, Neipp L, Prelog V, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 3. Mitteilung. Nonactin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19550380617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Keller W, Kradolfer F, Kyburz E, Neipp L, Prelog V, Reusser R, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 1. Mitteilung. Narbomycin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19550380412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Keller-Schierlein W, Kradolfer F, Kyburz E, Neipp L, Prelog V, Wettstein A, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 4. Mitteilung. Die Foromacidine A, B, C und D. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19560390133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Schierlein WK, Kradolfer F, Neipp L, Prelog V, Reusser P, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 7. Mitteilung. Echinomycin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19570400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bickel H, Gämann E, Hütter R, Sackmann W, Vischer E, Voser W, Wettstein A, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 37. Mitteilung. Acumycin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19620450503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Keller-Schierlein W, Neipp L, Prelog V, Reusser P, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 2. Mitteilung. Angolamycin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19550380515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bickel H, Gäumann E, Nussberger G, Reusser P, Vischer E, Voser W, Wettstein A, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 25. Mitteilung. Über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Ferrimycine A1und A2, neuer Antibiotika der Sideromycin-Gruppe. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19600430730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Stamm OA, Zollinger H, Zähner H, Gäumann E. Die Bindung zwischen Reaktivfarbstoff und Cellulose. 7. Mitteilung über textilchemische Untersuchungen. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19610440432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Corbaz R, Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Kalvoda J, Keller-Schierlein W, Kradolfer F, Manukian BK, Neipp L, Prelog V, Reusser P, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 9. Mitteilung. Granaticin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19570400518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bachmann E, Gerlach H, Prelog V, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 39. Mitteilung. Zur Biogenese des Acetomycins. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19630460221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ettlinger L, Gäumann E, Hütter R, Keller-Schierlein W, Kradolfer F, Neipp L, Prelog V, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten 17. MitteilungHolomycin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19590420225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bickel H, Bosshardt R, Gäumann E, Reusser P, Vischer E, Voser W, Wettstein A, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 26. Mitteilung. Über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Ferrioxamine A-F, neuer Wuchsstoffe der Sideramin-Gruppe. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19600430731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Keller-Schierlein W, Muntwyler R, Pache W, Zähner H. Stoffwechselprodukte von Mikroorganismen 73. Mitteilung [1] Chlorothricin und Des-chlorothoricin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19690520113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Weidner S, Kittelmann M, Goeke K, Ghisalba O, Zähner H. 3'-Demethoxy-3'-hydroxystaurosporine-O-methyltransferase from Streptomyces longisporoflavus catalyzing the last step in the biosynthesis of staurosporine. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1998; 51:679-82. [PMID: 9727395 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.51.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Weidner
- Core Technology Area, Expertise Bioreactions, Novartis Pharma Inc., Basle, Switzerland
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Tschierske M, Drechsel H, Jung G, Zähner H. Production of rhizoferrin and new analogues obtained by directed fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/s002530050745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Decker H, Rohr J, Motamedi H, Zähner H, Hutchinson CR. Identification of Streptomyces olivaceus Tü 2353 genes involved in the production of the polyketide elloramycin. Gene 1995; 166:121-6. [PMID: 8529875 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The genes for the production of elloramycin (ELM) from Streptomyces olivaceus (So) Tü2353 were cloned using a polyketide synthase gene probe from the tetracenomycin pathway. A cosmid clone (16F4) isolated from a gene library of So Tü2353 conferred tetracenomycin C and ELM resistance to S. lividans TK64 and complemented a mutation in So Tü2353R. Introduction of cosmid 16F4 into S. lividans TK64 resulted in the production of 8-demethyl-tetracenomycin C, an intermediate of ELM biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Decker
- Biologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Volkmann C, Zeeck A, Potterat O, Zähner H, Bohnen FM, Herbst-Irmer R. Metabolic products of microorganismen. 270. The structures of the exfoliamycins. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1995; 48:431-2. [PMID: 7797447 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.48.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Volkmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Germany
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Braun D, Pauli N, Séquin U, Zähner H. New butenolides from the photoconductivity screening of Streptomyces antibioticus (Waksman and Woodruff) Waksman and Henrici 1948. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1995; 126:37-42. [PMID: 7896074 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces antibioticus strain TU 99, from which a wide variety of active compounds had been isolated previously, was reinvestigated using an HPLC photoconductivity screening system. Four new compounds were isolated, characterized and their constitutions determined. All four were alpha, beta-unsaturated gamma-lactones; the most abundant compound 3 (C10H16O4), as well as compound 1 (C9H14O4) had a hydroxy group at C(5) of the lactone ring. The four lactones showed antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also a weak inhibition of the chitinase from Serratia marcescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Braun
- Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Haag A, Zähner H. [What a nurse in neonatology must be able to do]. Krankenpfl Soins Infirm 1995; 88:45. [PMID: 7891441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Haag H, Fiedler HP, Meiwes J, Drechsel H, Jung G, Zähner H. Isolation and biological characterization of staphyloferrin B, a compound with siderophore activity from staphylococci. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1994; 115:125-30. [PMID: 8138126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly hydrophilic compound with siderophore activity has been isolated from the supernatant of Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459 grown under iron-restricted conditions. The metabolite, named staphyloferrin B, is strictly iron-regulated and produced by a large variety of staphylococci strains. In vivo iron transport measurements and the growth-promoting activity in a bioassay establish staphyloferrin B as the second siderophore for staphylococci besides the previously described staphyloferrin A. The structure elucidation revealed 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, citrate, ethylenediamine and 2-ketoglutaric acid as structural components of the compound. Thus, staphyloferrin B is a structurally new siderophore of the complexone type.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Haag
- Universität Tübingen, Frg
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Abstract
In a screening programme for substances with morphogenic effects on the nikkomycin producer strain Streptomyces tendae Tü 901 we identified a metabolite, which induced aerial mycelium formation in the bld mutant Tü 901/S 2566-EM 1. By using a HPLC UV/Vis absorbance spectral library we could confirm that this compound was identical with the macrolide antibiotic borrelidin. 100 ng borrelidin/paperdisc were sufficient to show an evident morphological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Schüz
- Biologisches Institut, LB Mikrobiologie/Antibiotika, Universität Tübingen, FRG
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Ritzau M, Philipps S, Zeeck A, Hoff H, Zähner H. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 268. Obscurolides, a novel class of phosphodiesterase inhibitors from streptomyces. II. Minor components belonging to the obscurolide B to D series. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1993; 46:1625-8. [PMID: 8244895 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.46.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ritzau
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Germany
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Haag H, Hantke K, Drechsel H, Stojiljkovic I, Jung G, Zähner H. Purification of yersiniabactin: a siderophore and possible virulence factor of Yersinia enterocolitica. J Gen Microbiol 1993; 139:2159-2165. [PMID: 8245841 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-9-2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
HPLC analysis revealed that Yersinia enterocolitica WA-C produced two substances under iron-limiting conditions one of which was identified as 2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl-L-serine. The other compound had iron-complexing activity and was called yersiniabactin. The fur mutant H1852 was shown to produce yersiniabactin constitutively in an iron-independent manner. Yersiniabactin was isolated by ethyl acetate extraction from the spent medium of H1852, size-fractionation chromatography and preparative HPLC. A catechol function was demonstrated with different chemical assays and by UV-visible spectroscopy. The molecular mass of yersiniabactin was determined to be 482 Da. Purified yersiniabactin stimulated growth of Y. enterocolitica and Escherichia coli phi under iron-limiting conditions and apparently served as an iron carrier. Transport of 55Fe-yersiniabactin was TonB-dependent, indicating a receptor-mediated uptake across the outer membrane. A pesticin-resistant mutant missing the receptor protein FyuA was unable to transport and use yersiniabactin as a siderophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Haag
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie I, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Petersen F, Zähner H, Metzger JW, Freund S, Hummel RP. Germicidin, an autoregulative germination inhibitor of Streptomyces viridochromogenes NRRL B-1551. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1993; 46:1126-38. [PMID: 8360109 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.46.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
During germination spores of Streptomyces viridochromogenes NRRL B-1551 excrete a compound, germicidin, which has an inhibitory effect on the germination of its own arthrospores at a concentration as low as 200 pM (40 pg/ml). At higher concentrations germicidin inhibits porcine Na+/K(+)-activated ATPase and retards the germination of the cress Lepidium sativum. Germicidin is the first known autoregulative inhibitor of spore germination in the genus Streptomyces and was isolated from the supernatant of germinated spores, but also from the supernatant of the submerged culture. Spectroscopic analysis and derivatization reactions revealed germicidin to be 6-(2-butyl)-3-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyrone (C11H16O3). Crude isolates of germicidin from the supernatant of submerged culture, but not from the spores, contained a second, structurally very similar compound (C10H14O3), in which in contrast to germicidin a 2-propyl instead of the 2-butyl chain was bound to C-6 and which did not show any activity in the germination and ATPase assay. The germination assay was evaluated as a new screening model for specifically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Petersen
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Potterat O, Zähner H, Volkmann C, Zeeck A. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 264. Exfoliamycin and related metabolites, new naphthoquinone antibiotics from Streptomyces exfoliatus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1993; 46:346-9. [PMID: 8468251 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.46.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Potterat
- Biologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Drechsel H, Freund S, Nicholson G, Haag H, Jung O, Zähner H, Jung G. Purification and chemical characterization of staphyloferrin B, a hydrophilic siderophore from staphylococci. Biometals 1993; 6:185-92. [PMID: 8400765 DOI: 10.1007/bf00205858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the chemical characterization of staphyloferrin B, a new complexone type siderophore isolated from low iron cultures of Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459. Purification of the very hydrophilic metabolite was achieved by anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography HPLC. Mass spectrometry showed a molecular mass of 448 amu. Hydrolysis with 8 M HCl revealed the presence of L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid, citrate, ethylenediamine and succinic semialdehyde. The connections between the four building blocks were determined by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. UV/Vis and circular dichroism spectra are consistent with the proposed structure, which could also be confirmed by precursor feeding. The siderophore activity of staphyloferrin B was demonstrated by iron transport measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Drechsel
- Organische Chemie I, Universitat Tübingen, Germany
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Hoff H, Drautz H, Fiedler HP, Zähner H, Schultz JE, Keller-Schierlein W, Philipps S, Ritzau M, Zeeck A. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 261. Obscurolides, a novel class of phosphodiesterase inhibitors from streptomyces. I. Production, isolation, structural elucidation and biological activity of obscurolides A1 to A4. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1992; 45:1096-107. [PMID: 1325435 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.45.1096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of butyrolactones, named obscurolides, was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces viridochromogenes by chemical screening methods. The structural elucidation of the obscurolides A1 to A4 (1 approximately 4) is described. The carboxy group of the 4-aminobenzoic acid moiety of obscurolide A1 (1) is reduced in the other compounds. The isolated natural products have been proved to be diastereomeric mixtures by a partial racemization at C-7 which belongs to an allylic alcohol system. The obscurolides showed a weak inhibitory activity against calcium/calmodulin-dependent and independent phosphodiesterases from bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hoff
- Biologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Schüz TC, Fiedler HP, Zähner H, Rieck M, Konig WA. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 263. Nikkomycins SZ, SX, SoZ and SoX, new intermediates associated to the nikkomycin biosynthesis of Streptomyces tendae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1992; 45:199-206. [PMID: 1556011 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.45.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
New intermediates associated with nikkomycin biosynthesis, called nikkomycins SZ, SX, SoZ and SoX, were isolated and characterized from the culture broth of Streptomyces tendae Tü 901/S 2566. They are analogues to octosyl acids, shunt metabolites of polyoxin biosynthesis. The decreasing amounts of nikkomycins SZ and SX, produced in the culture medium, shows a significant correlation to the increasing amounts of the biologically active nikkomycins Z and X, dependent on the increasing concentration of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Schüz
- Biologisches Institut, LB Mikrobiologie/Antibiotika, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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36
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Wessels P, Göhrt A, Zeeck A, Drautz H, Zähner H. Metabolic products of microorganisms, 260. Naphthgeranines, new naphthoquinone antibiotics from Streptomyces sp. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1991; 44:1013-8. [PMID: 1938608 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.44.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Wessels
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, FRG
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37
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Abstract
The structure-activity relationships of different nikkomycins were studied to evaluate the structural requirements for a potent chitin synthase inhibitor. We investigated the transport of the nikkomycins via the peptide transport system of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and determined the kinetic parameters for nikkomycin Z uptake [Km = 24 microM, Vmax = 2.2 nmol min-1 (mg dry wt)-1]. We demonstrated that the beta-methyl group of the N-terminal amino acid of dipeptide nikkomycins protects the molecule against peptidase activity in crude cell-extracts of different fungi. Furthermore, the relationship between inhibition constants for chitin synthase, transport of the nikkomycins via the peptide transport system, susceptibility to degradation by cellular proteases and whole-cell activity of the nikkomycins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Decker
- Universität Tübingen, Biologisches Institut, Tübingen, FRG
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38
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Decker H, Pfefferle U, Bormann C, Zähner H, Fiedler HP, Van Pée KH, Rieck M, König WA. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 258. Enzymatic bromination of nikkomycin Z. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1991; 44:626-34. [PMID: 1906452 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.44.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two brominated nikkomycins were produced by enzymatic halogenation of nikkomycin Z in the presence of a nonheme bromoperoxidase isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens Tü 24. The monobrominated and dibrominated nikkomycin Z derivatives were substituted at the hydroxypyridyl moiety of the N-terminal amino acid of nikkomycin Z at position C-6"' (ZBr) or C-4"' and C-6"' (ZBr2). The brominated nikkomycin Z derivatives had a decreased affinity to chitin synthase of Coprinus cinereus as compared to nikkomycin Z and exhibited a low inhibitory activity towards various fungi and yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Decker
- Biologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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39
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Hörner T, Ungermann V, Zähner H, Fiedler HP, Utz R, Kellner R, Jung G. Comparative studies on the fermentative production of lantibiotics by staphylococci. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1990; 32:511-7. [PMID: 1366437 DOI: 10.1007/bf00173719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The production of the lanthionine-containing polypeptide antibiotics gallidermin from Staphylococcus gallinarum TU 3928 and pep 5 from S. epidermidis 5 is investigated with respect to regulation and stimulation of productivity by media components, optimization of both the media used and the fermentation process and is compared to the production of the lantibiotic epidermin from S. epidermidis TU 3298. Efficient methods for rapid quantification of lantibiotics, optimization of the media and a primary enrichment by adsorption chromatography are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hörner
- Lehrbereich Mikrobiologie/Antibiotika, Universität Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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40
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Abstract
Two ferric ion-binding compounds, designated staphyloferrin A and B, were detected in the culture filtrates of staphylococci grown under iron-deficient conditions. Staphyloferrin A was isolated from cultures of Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459. The structural elucidation of this highly hydrophilic, acid-labile compound revealed a novel siderophore, N2,N5-di-(1-oxo-3-hydroxy-3,4-dicarboxybutyl)-D-ornithine, which consists of one ornithine and two citric acid residues linked by two amide bonds. The two citric acid components of staphyloferrin A provide two tridentate pendant ligands, comprising of a beta-hydroxy, beta-carboxy-substituted carboxylic acid derivative, for octahedral metal chelation. The CD spectrum of the staphyloferrin A ferric complex indicates a predominant A configuration about the ferric ion center. The uptake of ferric staphyloferrin A by S. hyicus obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Km = 0.246 microM; vmax = 82 pmol.mg-1.min-1), indicating active transport of this siderophore. The staphyloferrin A transport system is different from that of the ferrioxamines as shown by an antagonism test. Production of staphyloferrin A is strongly iron-dependent and is stimulated by supplementation of the medium with either D- or L-ornithine. DL-[5-14C]ornithine was incorporated into staphyloferrin A, demonstrating that ornithine is an intermediate in staphyloferrin A biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Konetschny-Rapp
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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41
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Meiwes J, Fiedler HP, Zähner H, Konetschny-Rapp S, Jung G. Production of desferrioxamine E and new analogues by directed fermentation and feeding fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1990; 32:505-10. [PMID: 1367428 DOI: 10.1007/bf00173718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces olivaceus TU 2718 produces the siderophore desferrioxamine E. Production depends on L-lysine and iron concentrations in the medium. With optimized conditions the yield of desferrioxamine E could be increased to 12 g/l in feeding fermentations. Supplementation of the basic production medium with natural and synthetic precursors of desferrioxamine E led to the production of twelve new analogues of desferrioxamine E.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Meiwes
- Lehrbereich Mikrobiologie/Antibiotika, Universität Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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42
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Meiwes J, Fiedler HP, Haag H, Zähner H, Konetschny-Rapp S, Jung G. Isolation and characterization of staphyloferrin A, a compound with siderophore activity from Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 55:201-5. [PMID: 2139423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb13863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly hydrophilic compound was isolated from low iron culture broth of Staphylococcus hyicus DSM 20459 which exhibits siderophore activity to the producer and 37 other staphylococci. The previously unknown metabolite was designated staphyloferrin A and consists of two molecules of citric acid, each linked to D-ornitine by an amide bond. Using an ion-pair HPLC-system we detected staphyloferrin A and a second iron regulated compound (staphyloferrin B) in the culture fluid of several Staphylococcus strains. We found no evidence that staphylococci synthesize catecholor hydroxamate-type siderophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Meiwes
- Mikrobiologie I, Universität Tübingen, F.R.G
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43
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Decker H, Walz F, Bormann C, Zähner H, Fiedler HP, Heitsch H, König WA. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 255. Nikkomycins Wz and Wx, new chitin synthetase inhibitors from Streptomyces tendae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1990; 43:43-8. [PMID: 2137814 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.43.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two new dipeptidyl nikkomycins of the Z and X type were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces tendae TU 901/395-11/32 and characterized. They show a variation in the amino acid moiety of the molecule. Nikkomycin Wz is composed of L-tyrosine and 5-amino-5-deoxy-D-allo-furanuronic acid N-glycosidally bound to uracil, whereas nikkomycin Wx is composed of L-tyrosine and 5-amino-5-deoxy-D-allo-furanuronic acid N-glycosidally bound to 4-formyl-4-imidazolin-2-one. The new nikkomycins are good inhibitors of chitin synthetase from Coprinus cinereus but they did not inhibit growth of fungi and yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Decker
- Biologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, FRG
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44
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Abstract
To isolate Streptomyces tendae mutants blocked in the biosynthesis of the nikkomycin nucleoside base 4-formyl-4-imidazoline-2-one, an assay was developed to detect the formation of nikkomycins containing this base during growth on solid medium. The assay is based on the reaction of the 4-formylimidazolone structure of nikkomycins with the aldehyde reagent barbituric acid leading to red-colored products. Among 18,000 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine treated clones tested in the barbituric acid assay, we isolated one mutant which was incapable of forming any nikkomycins containing the 4-formylimidazolone base (nikkomycins Cx, X and I) but instead produced nikkomycins containing uracil (nikkomycins C, Z and J). In addition, we isolated strains with mutations affecting the biosynthesis of 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)-3-methylbutyric acid, the unusual amino acid of nikkomycins Z, X, J and I. By analyzing colonies derived from single spores or protoplasts of S. tendae Tü901/395, a mutant producing besides nikkomycins Z, X, J and I, also nikkomycins Kz/Kx and Oz/Ox, we obtained strains which only formed nikkomycins Kz/Kx and Oz/Ox with 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(2-pyridyl)butyric acid and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)-butyric acid as amino acids. Mutation of such a strain (Tü901/395-11) by UV365nm in the presence of 8-methoxypsoralen and selection of S-2-aminoethyl-L-cysteine-resistant clones led to the isolation of Tü901/AEC1 and AEC2 which produced exclusively nikkomycins Kz and Kx. According to their nikkomycin spectrum, these strains were blocked at the hydroxylation step occurring at the pyridyl residue during biosynthesis of the nikkomycin amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bormann
- Institute of Biology II, University of Tübingen, FRG
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45
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Heitsch H, König WA, Decker H, Bormann C, Fiedler HP, Zähner H. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 254. Structure of the new nikkomycins pseudo-Z and pseudo-J. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1989; 42:711-7. [PMID: 2722685 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.42.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two new nikkomycins were isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces tendae Tü 901/PF 53+-3. These new metabolites, nikkomycins pseudo-Z (psi-Z,1) and pseudo-J (psi-J, 2) differ from the corresponding nikkomycins Z and J by a C-glycosidic bond between C-5 of uracil and C-1' of 5-amino-5-deoxy-D-allo-furanuronic acid instead of an N-glycosidic bond. The structure elucidation was achieved by two-dimensional NMR techniques and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Heitsch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, FRG
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46
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Decker H, Bormann C, Fiedler HP, Zähner H, Heitsch H, König WA. Metabolic products of microorganisms. 252. Isolation of new nikkomycins from Streptomyces tendae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1989; 42:230-5. [PMID: 2925514 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.42.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two new nikkomycins were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces tendae Tü 901/PF 53+-3. The new compounds are the dipeptide nikkomycin pseudo-Z (psi Z) and tripeptide nikkomycin pseudo-J (psi J), which are analogues to nikkomycins Z and J. Nikkomycins pseudo-Z and pseudo-J have a C-glycosidic linkage between uracil and 5-amino-5-deoxy-D-allo-furanuronic acid, which is comparable to the C-glycosidic bond in pseudouridine. The new Cc-nucleoside nikkomycins exhibit a lower biological activity than the CN-nucleoside nikkomycins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Decker
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tübingen, FRG
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- H Achenbach
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Erlangen, Federal Republic of Germany
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48
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Abstract
A synthesis of racemie saphenic acid is described. From this acid 9 ester derivatives of saphenamycin were prepared. Those with aromatic acid components showed high activity against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. Of the esters with aliphatic acid moieties only the acetate and, to a lesser extent, the butyrate showed considerable anti-bacterial activities, whereas esters with higher fatty acids showed strongly reduced, if any, activities against some test organisms. Similar results were obtained with ID50 values against the eucaryotic tumor cell line CCRF/CEM. The salicylate, which is structurally similar to saphenamycin, was most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bahnmüller
- Organisch-chemisches Laboratorium, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland
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49
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Geiger A, Keller-Schierlein W, Brandl M, Zähner H. Metabolites of microorganisms. 247. Phenazines from Streptomyces antibioticus, strain Tü 2706. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1988; 41:1542-51. [PMID: 3058669 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.41.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
From a strain of Streptomyces antibioticus seven yellow phenazines were isolated. The antibacterially most active antibiotic was identified as (-)-saphenamycin, a second one with compound DC-86-Y (saphenic acid). Three compounds were new: Saphenic acid methyl ether, 6-acetylphenazine-1-carboxylic acid and an inseparable mixture of fatty acid esters of saphenic acid. Two simple phenazines were phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (tubermycin B) and unsubstituted phenazine, which was isolated for the first time from a microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- Organisch-chemisches Laboratorium, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland
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50
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Abstract
Gallidermin is a new member of the class of lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotics, which are summarized under the common name lantibiotics. The lantibiotic gallidermin is produced by Staphylococcus gallinarum (F16/P57) Tü3928, and it exhibits activities against the Propionibacteria, involved in acne disease. Gallidermin differs from the recently discovered tetracyclic 21-residue peptide antibiotic epidermin only in a Leu/Ile exchange in position 6. The isolation procedures for gallidermin included adsorption directly from the culture broth, ion-exchange chromatography of the amphiphilic and basic polypeptide followed by desalting, and final purification by reversed-phase HPLC. The structural elucidation of the polypeptide containing four thioether bridges involved mainly a combination of automated gas-phase sequencing, thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kellner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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