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Palanisamy R, Indrajith Kahingalage N, Archibald D, Casari I, Falasca M. Synergistic Anticancer Activity of Plumbagin and Xanthohumol Combination on Pancreatic Cancer Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2340. [PMID: 38397018 PMCID: PMC10888694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Among diverse cancers, pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive types due to inadequate diagnostic options and treatments available. Therefore, there is a necessity to use combination chemotherapy options to overcome the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. Plumbagin and xanthohumol, natural compounds isolated from the Plumbaginaceae family and Humulus lupulus, respectively, have been used to treat various cancers. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of a combination of plumbagin and xanthohumol on pancreatic cancer models, as well as the underlying mechanism. We have screened in vitro numerous plant-derived extracts and compounds and tested in vivo the most effective combination, plumbagin and xanthohumol, using a transgenic model of pancreatic cancer KPC (KrasLSL.G12D/+; p53R172H/+; PdxCretg/+). A significant synergistic anticancer activity of plumbagin and xanthohumol combinations on different pancreatic cancer cell lines was found. The combination treatment of plumbagin and xanthohumol influences the levels of B-cell lymphoma (BCL2), which are known to be associated with apoptosis in both cell lysates and tissues. More importantly, the survival of a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer KPC treated with a combination of plumbagin and xanthohumol was significantly increased, and the effect on BCL2 levels has been confirmed. These results provide a foundation for a potential new treatment for pancreatic cancer based on plumbagin and xanthohumol combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Palanisamy
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia; (R.P.); (N.I.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Nimnaka Indrajith Kahingalage
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia; (R.P.); (N.I.K.); (I.C.)
| | | | - Ilaria Casari
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia; (R.P.); (N.I.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia; (R.P.); (N.I.K.); (I.C.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
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2
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Bose M, Sanders A, Handa A, Vora A, Cardona MR, Brouwer C, Mukherjee P. Molecular crosstalk between MUC1 and STAT3 influences the anti-proliferative effect of Napabucasin in epithelial cancers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3178. [PMID: 38326371 PMCID: PMC10850135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
MUC1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in epithelial cancers. The cytoplasmic tail of MUC1 (MUC1 CT) aids in tumorigenesis by upregulating the expression of multiple oncogenes. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a crucial role in several cellular processes and is aberrantly activated in many cancers. In this study, we focus on recent evidence suggesting that STAT3 and MUC1 regulate each other's expression in cancer cells in an auto-inductive loop and found that their interaction plays a prominent role in mediating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug resistance. The STAT3 inhibitor Napabucasin was in clinical trials but was discontinued due to futility. We found that higher expression of MUC1 increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to Napabucasin. Therefore, high-MUC1 tumors may have a better outcome to Napabucasin therapy. We report how MUC1 regulates STAT3 activity and provide a new perspective on repurposing the STAT3-inhibitor Napabucasin to improve clinical outcome of epithelial cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukulika Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Alexa Sanders
- Department of Bioinformatics, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Aashna Handa
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Aabha Vora
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Manuel R Cardona
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Cory Brouwer
- Department of Bioinformatics, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Pinku Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Serain AF, Buitrago-Mejia AJ, de Souza GCA, Corrêa WR, Stefanello MEA, Salvador MJ. Antitumoral photoinduced effects of crude extract, fractions, and naphthoquinones from Sinningia magnifica (Otto & A. Dietr.) Wiehler (Gesneriaceae) in a bioguided study. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:190-203. [PMID: 37395166 DOI: 10.1111/php.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for various purposes, including as an antitumor resource in a noninvasive therapy with minimal side effects. Sinningia magnifica (Otto & A. Dietr.) Wiehler is a rupicolous plant found in rock crevices in Brazilian tropical forests. Initial studies indicate the presence of phenolic glycosides and anthraquinones in species of the genus Sinningia (Generiaceae family). It is known that anthraquinones are natural photosensitizers with potential PDT applications. This led us to investigate the potential compounds of S. magnifica for use as a natural photosensitizer against the melanoma (SK-MEL-103) and the prostate cancer (PC-3) cell lines in a bioguided study. Our results showed that singlet oxygen production by the 1,3-DPBF photodegradation assay greatly increased in the presence of crude extract and fractions. The biological activity evaluation showed photodynamic action against melanoma cell line SK-MEL-103 and prostate cell line PC-3. These results suggest the presence of potential photosensitizing substances, as demonstrated in this in vitro antitumor PDT study by the naphthoquinones Dunniol and 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-α-dunnione for the first time. Naphthoquinones, anthraquinones and phenolic compounds were identified in the crude extract by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, motivating us to continue with the bioguided phytochemical study aiming to discover more photochemically bioactive substances in Gesneriaceae plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Serain
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - A J Buitrago-Mejia
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - G C A de Souza
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - W R Corrêa
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, South of Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), Inconfidentes, Brazil
| | - M E A Stefanello
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M J Salvador
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Hong SH, Lee YJ, Jang EB, Hwang HJ, Kim ES, Son DH, Park SY, Moon HS, Yoon YE. Therapeutic Efficacy of YM155 to Regulate an Epigenetic Enzyme in Major Subtypes of RCC. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:216. [PMID: 38203388 PMCID: PMC10779260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and includes more than 10 subtypes. Compared to the intensively investigated clear cell RCC (ccRCC), the underlying mechanisms and treatment options of other subtypes, including papillary RCC (pRCC) and chromogenic RCC (chRCC), are limited. In this study, we analyzed the public databases for ccRCC, pRCC, and chRCC and found that BIRC5 was commonly overexpressed in a large cohort of pRCC and chRCC patients as well as ccRCC and was closely related to the progression of RCCs. We investigated the potential of BIRC5 as a therapeutic target for these three types of RCCs. Loss and gain of function studies showed the critical role of BIRC5 in cancer growth. YM155, a BIRC5 inhibitor, induced a potent tumor-suppressive effect in the three types of RCC cells and xenograft models. To determine the mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effects of YM155, we examined epigenetic modifications in the BIRC5 promoter and found that histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac) was highly enriched on the promoter region of BIRC5. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that H3K27Ac enrichment was significantly decreased by YM155. Immunohistochemistry of xenografted tissue showed that overexpression of BIRC5 plays an important role in malignancy in RCC. Furthermore, high expression of P300 was significantly associated with the progression of RCC. Our findings demonstrate the P300-H3K27Ac-BIRC5 cascade in three types of RCC and provide a therapeutic path for future research on RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hwi Hong
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Eun Bi Jang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Hyun Ji Hwang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Eun Song Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Da Hyeon Son
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (E.B.J.); (H.J.H.); (E.S.K.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Sung Yul Park
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Hong Sang Moon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Young Eun Yoon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (S.H.H.); (Y.J.L.); (S.Y.P.); (H.S.M.)
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Song Y, Ding Q, Hao Y, Cui B, Ding C, Gao F. Pharmacological Effects of Shikonin and Its Potential in Skin Repair: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7950. [PMID: 38138440 PMCID: PMC10745356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, skin injuries have a serious impact on people's lives and socio-economic stress. Shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound derived from the root of the traditional Chinese medicine Shikonin, has favorable biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and wound-healing-promoting pharmacological activities. It has been reported that Shikonin can be used for repairing skin diseases due to its wide range of pharmacological effects. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of Shikonin can play a great role in food and can also reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in food. This paper summarizes the research on the pharmacological effects of Shikonin in recent years, as well as research on the mechanism of action of Shikonin in the treatment of certain skin diseases, to provide certain theoretical references for the clinical application of Shikonin, and also to provides research ideas for the investigation of the mechanism of action of Shikonin in other skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Song
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
| | - Qiteng Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yuewen Hao
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Bing Cui
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dunhua 133700, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
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Maeoka R, Ouji Y, Nakazawa T, Matsuda R, Morimoto T, Yokoyama S, Yamada S, Nishimura F, Nakagawa I, Park YS, Yoshikawa M, Nakase H. Local administration of shikonin improved the overall survival in orthotopic murine glioblastoma models with temozolomide resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115296. [PMID: 37557011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is a type of intracranial malignancy. Shikonin, a Chinese traditional medicine, has been shown to have anti-tumor efficacy toward human glioblastoma cells in vitro. However, shikonin cannot easily cross the blood-brain barrier. To address this issue, we evaluated the anti-tumor effects of direct intracranial infusion of shikonin in in vivo orthotopic syngeneic murine glioblastoma models using C57BL/6 mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effects of shikonin against murine glioblastoma cells, SB28 and CT-2A, were reported resistance to temozolomide, were evaluated using an allophycocyanin-conjugated annexin V and propidium iodide assay with flow cytometry. Impedance-based real-time cell analysis (RTCA) was used to analyze the inhibitory effects of shikonin on growth and proliferation. To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of shikonin in vivo, we used orthotopic syngeneic murine glioblastoma models with SB28 and CT-2A cells. RESULTS In flow cytometry-based cytotoxic assays, shikonin induced apoptosis. RTCA indicated that shikonin decreased the cell index of murine glioblastoma cells, SB28 and CT-2A, in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.0001 for both cell lines), while temozolomide did not (p = 0.91 and 0.82, respectively). In murine glioblastoma models, SB28 and CT-2A, direct intracranial infusion of shikonin, as a local chemotherapy, improved the overall survival of mice in a dose-dependent manner compared with control groups (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.02, respectively). While temozolomide did not (p = 0.48 and 0.52, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The direct intracranial infusion of shikonin has potential as a local therapy for patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Maeoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Yukiteru Ouji
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakazawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Grandsoul Research Institute for Immunology, Inc., Uda, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takayuki Morimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shohei Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Nishimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Young-Soo Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Luo Q, Ji XY, Zhang L, Huang X, Wang XQ, Zhang B. Shikonin prevents mice from heat stroke-induced death via suppressing a trigger IL-17A on the inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115346. [PMID: 37643485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stroke (HS) is the deadliest disease. Due to the complex pathogenesis of HS, lack of effective therapeutic drugs for clinical treatment. Shikonin (SK) is the main active compound of Radix Arnebiae, which was evaluated on the HS model (temperature: (41 ± 0.5) ℃, relative humidity: (60 ± 5) %) via pathological and biochemical approaches in vivo and in vitro. Upon the dose of 10 mg.kg-1, SK delays the rising rate of core temperature, prolongs the survival time of mice, and improves organ injury and coagulation function markedly. Serum HS biomarkers interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were decreased significantly by SK, which contribute to liver and lung protection in the models. Three pathways' responses to heat-stress were found to have a close connection with the IL-17 pathway via RNA sequencing and network analysis. WB and IHC results showed that the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in the SK group was down-regulated (P < 0.05). The expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2/Nrf2) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were up-regulated (P < 0.05). Additional administration of recombinant IL-17A protein on the HS model up-regulated the expression level of NF- κB p65 in the liver and lung tissue, additional intraperitoneal injection of IL-17A antibody in mice has a synergistic effect with SK in inhibiting tissue inflammatory response and protecting HS. In summary, SK was proved an effective compound for fulfilling the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capacity of the HS model by reducing the production and inhibiting the expression of IL-17A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, PR China
| | - Xin Ye Ji
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Xiao Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, PR China.
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Guo Y, Zhou M, Mu Z, Guo J, Hou Y, Xu Y, Geng L. Recent advances in shikonin for the treatment of immune-related diseases: Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115138. [PMID: 37454591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Shikonin, the primary active compound found in the rhizome of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb known as "ZiCao", exhibits a diverse range of pharmacological effects. This drug has a wide range of uses, including as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer agent. It is also effective in promoting wound healing and treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Although shikonin has a wide range of applications, its mechanisms are still not fully understood. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the use of shikonin for the treatment of immune-related diseases. The article also delves into the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms of shikonin and offers insights into the inflammation and immunopathogenesis of related diseases. Overall, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians working in this field. These findings not only provide significant new information on the effects and mechanisms of shikonin but also establish a foundation for the development of clinical applications in treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingming Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Mu
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Jinrong Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Jincheng People's Hospital, 456N Wenchang East Street, Jincheng, Shanxi 048000, China
| | - Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, Shenyang, China
| | - Long Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155N Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, Shenyang, China.
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9
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Qian X, Zhu L, Xu M, Liu H, Yu X, Shao Q, Qin J. Shikonin suppresses small cell lung cancer growth via inducing ATF3-mediated ferroptosis to promote ROS accumulation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110588. [PMID: 37268198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a subtype of lung cancer with a very poor overall survival rate due to its extremely high proliferation and metastasis predilection. Shikonin is an active ingredient extracted from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, and exerts multiple anti-tumor functions in many cancers. In the present study, the role and underlying mechanism of shikonin in SCLC were investigated for the first time. We found that shikonin effectively suppressed cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and colony formation and slightly induced apoptosis in SCLC cells. Further experiment indicated the shikonin could also induced ferroptosis in SCLC cells. Shikonin treatment effectively suppressed the activation of ERK, the expression of ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4, and elevated the level of 4-HNE, a biomarker of ferroptosis. Both total ROS and lipid ROS were increased, while the GSH levels were decreased in SCLC cells after shikonin treatment. More importantly, our data identified that the function of shikonin was dependent on the up-regulation of ATF3 by performing rescue experiments using shRNA to silence the expression of ATF3, especially in the total and lipid ROS accumulaiton. Xenograft model was established using SBC-2 cells, and the results revealed that shikonin also significantly inhibited tumor growth by inducing ferroptosis. Finally, our data further confirmed that shikonin activated ATF3 transcription by impairing the recruitment of HDAC1 mediated by c-myc on the ATF3 promoter, and subsequently elevating of histone acetylation. Our data documented that shikonin suppressed SCLC by inducing ferroptosis in a ATF3-dependent manner. Shikonin upregulated the expression of ATF3 expression via promoting the histone acetylation by inhibiting c-myc-mediated HDAC1 binding on ATF3 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Qian
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Mengzhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Haoli Liu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Qiuyue Shao
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis & Treatment Technology on Thoracic oncology (lung and Esophagus), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, PR China.
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10
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Zhu F, Song Z, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhu D. The Renoprotective Effect of Shikonin in a Rat Model of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:1731-1738. [PMID: 37391330 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a typical complication and pivotal cause of chronic kidney disease. The DN disease burden is among the highest in the world and is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and disease burden. Safe and effective medications are urgently needed for the treatment of DN. Interest has been increasing in Shikonin, extracted from the naphthoquinone plant, particularly in determining its renal protective effect. METHODS In this study, we explored Shikonin's effects and potential mechanisms on a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN experimental model. An STZ-induced rat diabetic model was established, and the rats were treated with different doses of Shikonin (10/50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Blood, urine, and renal tissue samples were collected after the last administration. Renal tissues were examined to detect each group's physiologic, biochemical, histopathologic, and molecular changes. RESULTS The results showed that Shikonin administration could significantly alleviate the STZ-induced elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, urinary protein content, and renal pathologic injury. Furthermore, Shikonin significantly decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, and Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor-κB expression levels in DN kidney tissues. Shikonin showed a dose-dependent effect, with the best outcome at 50 mg/kg. CONCLUSION Shikonin could effectively alleviate DN-related nephropathy damage and reveal the underlying pharmacologic mechanism. Based on the results, a Shikonin combination can be used in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an City, China
| | - Zhengyi Song
- Department of General Surgery, Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Gezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm, Yichang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Gezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm, Yichang, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Gezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm, Yichang, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Gezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm, Yichang, China.
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11
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Li Y, Feng M, Guo T, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Tailored Beta-Lapachone Nanomedicines for Cancer-Specific Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300349. [PMID: 36970948 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology shows the power to improve efficacy and reduce the adverse effects of anticancer agents. As a quinone-containing compound, beta-lapachone (LAP) is widely employed for targeted anticancer therapy under hypoxia. The principal mechanism of LAP-mediated cytotoxicity is believed due to the continuous generation of reactive oxygen species with the aid of NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The cancer selectivity of LAP relies on the difference between NQO1 expression in tumors and that in healthy organs. Despite this, the clinical translation of LAP faces the problem of narrow therapeutic window that is challenging for dose regimen design. Herein, the multifaceted anticancer mechanism of LAP is briefly introduced, the advance of nanocarriers for LAP delivery is reviewed, and the combinational delivery approaches to enhance LAP potency in recent years are summarized. The mechanisms by which nanosystems boost LAP efficacy, including tumor targeting, cellular uptake enhancement, controlled cargo release, enhanced Fenton or Fenton-like reaction, and multidrug synergism, are also presented. The problems of LAP anticancer nanomedicines and the prospective solutions are discussed. The current review may help to unlock the potential of cancer-specific LAP therapy and speed up its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meiyu Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, 300120, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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12
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Villa-Ruano N, Anaya-Ruiz M, Villafaña-Diaz L, Barron-Villaverde D, Perez-Santos M. Drug repurposing of mito-atovaquone for cancer treatment. Pharm Pat Anal 2023; 12:143-149. [PMID: 37801038 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2023-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Repurposing of approved drugs in a new strategy to combat cancer that leads to savings in time and investment. Atovaquone is a US FDA-approved drug for treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and malaria. Patent US2023017373 describe the use of mito-atovaquone for the treatment of several types of cancer. Mito-atovaquone demonstrated antiproliferative activity in cell lines of pancreatic cancer, lung cancer and brain cancer and inhibited tumor growth in syngeneic mouse models and in animals genetically prone to breast cancer. Mito-atovaquone has the potential to be used successfully in the treatment of various types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemesio Villa-Ruano
- Dirección de Innovación y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla CP 72570, México
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Cátedras CONACYT, México
| | - Maricruz Anaya-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla CP 74360, México
| | - Luis Villafaña-Diaz
- Posgrado en Planeación Estratégica y Dirección Tecnológica, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla CP 72410, México
| | - Diana Barron-Villaverde
- Posgrado en Planeación Estratégica y Dirección Tecnológica, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla CP 72410, México
| | - Martin Perez-Santos
- Dirección de Innovación y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla CP 72570, México
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13
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Wan Y, Wang X, Yang L, Li Q, Zheng X, Bai T, Wang X. Antibacterial Activity of Juglone Revealed in a Wound Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043931. [PMID: 36835350 PMCID: PMC9963570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A serious problem currently facing the field of wound healing is bacterial infection, especially Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Although the application of antibiotics has achieved good effects, their irregular use has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. It is thus the purpose of this study to analyze whether the naturally extracted phenolic compound, juglone, can inhibit S. aureus in wound infection. The results show that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of juglone against S. aureus was 1000 μg/mL. Juglone inhibited the growth of S. aureus by inhibiting membrane integrity and causing protein leakage. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, juglone inhibited biofilm formation, the expression of α-hemolysin, the hemolytic activity, and the production of proteases and lipases of S. aureus. When applied to infected wounds in Kunming mice, juglone (50 μL juglone with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the number of S. aureus and had a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β). Moreover, the juglone-treated group promoted wound healing. At the same time, in animal toxicity experiments, juglone had no obvious toxic effects on the main tissues and organs of mice, indicating that juglone has good biocompatibility and has the potential to be used in the treatment of wounds infected with S. aureus.
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14
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Izumi K, Aoki H, Kakita H, Takeshita S, Ueda H, Inoue Y, Hayashi H, Yamada Y, Aoyama M. The DNMT3B Inhibitor Nanaomycin A as a Neuroblastoma Therapeutic Agent. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2023; 23:837-842. [PMID: 37221685 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230522113645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma is one of the most common childhood solid tumors. Because tumor suppressor genes are often hypermethylated in cancers, DNA methylation has emerged as a target for cancer therapeutics. Nanaomycin A, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase 3B, which mediates de novo DNA methylation, reportedly induces death in several types of human cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor activity of nanaomycin A against neuroblastoma cell lines and its mechanism. METHODS The anti-tumor effect of nanaomycin A on neuroblastoma cell lines was evaluated based on cell viability, DNA methylation levels, apoptosis-related protein expression, and neuronal-associated mRNA expression. RESULTS Nanaomycin A decreased genomic DNA methylation levels and induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells. Nanaomycin A also upregulated the expression of mRNAs for several genes related to neuronal maturation. CONCLUSIONS Nanaomycin A is an effective therapeutic candidate for treating neuroblastoma. Our findings also suggest that the inhibition of DNA methylation is a promising anti-tumor therapy strategy for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Izumi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kakita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeshita
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ueda
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Inoue
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
- Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Yamada
- Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
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15
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Chang MC, Mahar R, McLeod MA, Giacalone AG, Huang X, Boothman DA, Merritt ME. Synergistic Effect of β-Lapachone and Aminooxyacetic Acid on Central Metabolism in Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:3020. [PMID: 35893874 PMCID: PMC9331106 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound β-lapachone, a naturally derived naphthoquinone, has been utilized as a potent medicinal nutrient to improve health. Over the last twelve years, numerous reports have demonstrated distinct associations of β-lapachone and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protein in the amelioration of various diseases. Comprehensive research of NQO1 bioactivity has clearly confirmed the tumoricidal effects of β-lapachone action through NAD+-keresis, in which severe DNA damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS) production triggers a poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-I (PARP1) hyperactivation cascade, culminating in NAD+/ATP depletion. Here, we report a novel combination strategy with aminooxyacetic acid (AOA), an aspartate aminotransferase inhibitor that blocks the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) and synergistically enhances the efficacy of β-lapachone metabolic perturbation in NQO1+ breast cancer. We evaluated metabolic turnover in MDA-MB-231 NQO1+, MDA-MB-231 NQO1-, MDA-MB-468, and T47D cancer cells by measuring the isotopic labeling of metabolites from a [U-13C]glucose tracer. We show that β-lapachone treatment significantly hampers lactate secretion by ~85% in NQO1+ cells. Our data demonstrate that combinatorial treatment decreases citrate, glutamate, and succinate enrichment by ~14%, ~50%, and ~65%, respectively. Differences in citrate, glutamate, and succinate fractional enrichments indicate synergistic effects on central metabolism based on the coefficient of drug interaction. Metabolic modeling suggests that increased glutamine anaplerosis is protective in the case of MAS inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario C. Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.C.C.); (R.M.); (M.A.M.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.C.C.); (R.M.); (M.A.M.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Marc A. McLeod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.C.C.); (R.M.); (M.A.M.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Anthony G. Giacalone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.C.C.); (R.M.); (M.A.M.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - David A. Boothman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Matthew E. Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (M.C.C.); (R.M.); (M.A.M.); (A.G.G.)
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16
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Pan PH, Wang YY, Lin SY, Liao SL, Chen YF, Huang WC, Chen CJ, Chen WY. Plumbagin ameliorates bile duct ligation-induced cholestatic liver injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113133. [PMID: 35594710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin, a natural bicyclic naphthoquinone, has diverse pharmacological properties and biological benefits against a number of disorders, including liver disease. Though plumbagin's hepatoprotective potential attracts attention, currently no experimental evidence exists on its effectiveness against cholestatic liver injury. The present study investigated its hepatoprotection in the rat model of extrahepatic cholestasis using Bile Duct Ligation (BDL). We found that daily plumbagin supplementation protected the liver from cholestatic damage. Hepatoprotective actions of plumbagin were accompanied by reduction of Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad, High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1)/Toll-Like Receptor-4 (TLR4), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α), Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), caveolin-1, NF-κB/AP-1, Dynamin Related Protein-1 (Drp1), malondialdehyde level, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), p62/SQSTM1, and caspase 3 as well as increase of Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), bile acid efflux transporters, glutathione, LC3-II, Beclin1, and nuclear NF-E2-Related Factor-2 (Nrf2) and Transcription Factor EB (TFEB). The activation of nuclear Nrf2 caused by plumbagin correlated well with the improvement in bile acid retention, liver histology, serum biochemical, ductular reaction, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, impaired autophagy, and fibrosis, involving interplay of multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Plumbagin is likely a candidate drug to protect the liver from cholestatic damages. Despite the promising findings from this study, translational implication of plumbagin on cholestatic liver injury warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Ho Pan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung City 435, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Yu Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Fang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 840, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chi Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
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17
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Shen G, Liu X, Lei W, Duan R, Yao Z. Plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects that prevents menopausal-related osteoporosis in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101767. [PMID: 35235833 PMCID: PMC8958545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is caused by enhanced bone resorption and relatively reduced bone formation. There is an unmet need to develop new agents with both antiresorptive and anabolic effects to treat osteoporosis, although drugs with either effect alone are available. A small molecular compound, plumbagin, was reported to inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast (OC) differentiation by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation-mediated canonical NF-κB activation. However, the key transcriptional factor RelA/p65 in canonical NF-κB pathway functions to promote OC precursor survival but not terminal OC differentiation. Here, we found that plumbagin inhibited the activity of NF-κB inducing kinase, the key molecule that controls noncanonical NF-κB signaling, in an ATP/ADP-based kinase assay. Consistent with this, plumbagin inhibited processing of NF-κB2 p100 to p52 in the progenitor cells of both OCs and osteoblasts (OBs). Interestingly, plumbagin not only inhibited OC but also stimulated OB differentiation in vitro. Importantly, plumbagin prevented trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized mice. This was associated with decreased OC surfaces on trabecular surface and increased parameters of OBs, including OB surface on trabecular surface, bone formation rate, and level of serum osteocalcin, compared to vehicle-treated mice. In summary, we conclude that plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects on bone and could represent a new class of agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
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18
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Qadir MI, Iqbal MS, Khan R. β-lapachone: A Promising Anticancer Agent with a Unique NQO1 Specific Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:537-540. [PMID: 35490325 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220427121127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, one of the major health problems all over the world, requires more competent drugs for clinical use. One recent possible chemotherapeutic drug under research is β-lapachone. β- lapachone (1,2-naphthoquinone) has promising activity against those tumors showing raised levels of Nicotinamide di-phosphate Quinone Oxidoreductases-1 (NQO1). NQO1 is found to be up-regulated in pancreatic tumor cells, and thus β-lapachone could generate cytotoxicity in various cancers like pancreatic tumors. β-lapachone harborage independent growth and clonogenic cell survival in agar. The cell-killing effects of β-lapachone can be stopped by using dicumarol, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductases-1. In previously established pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice, β- lapachone inhibited the tumor growth when given orally rather than when combined with cyclodextrin to improve its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Qadir
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rimsha Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Singh AP, Sharma A. Structural Insights and Pharmaceutical Relevance of Plumbagin in Parasitic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov 2022; 17:187-198. [PMID: 36065920 DOI: 10.2174/2772434417666220905121531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, natural products have been became the center of attraction for the scientific society and exploration of their biologically abilities is proceeding continuously. In search for novel antiparasitic agents with an objective of protecting humans from parasitic infections, the present work was focused on naphthoquinones possessing antiparasitic activity. Among naphthoquinones, plumbagin is one of the secondary metabolites exhibiting diverse biological properties such as antibacterial, antimalarial, antiinflammatory, insecticidal and antiparasitic. Plumbagin is reported to have antischistosomiasis, anti-haemonchosis, anti-fascioliasis, antiotoacariasis, anti-leishmaniasis, antimalaria, antiallergic and anthelmintic activities. Besides, various methods of extraction of plumbagin from different methods, their effectiveness against different parasites, and the structure-activity relationship reported by different researchers. This work highlight on recent advancements in the phytochemistry of plumbagin, studies associated with various biological activities. The structure-activity relationship studies have also been summarized. To conclude, present review could be beneficial for the scientific community to get better insight into medicinal research of plumbagin and may provide a new horizon for the rational design of plumbagin based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alok Sharma
- ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
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20
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Cui J, Jia J. Discovery of juglone and its derivatives as potent SARS-CoV-2 main proteinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113789. [PMID: 34438124 PMCID: PMC8372460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 as a positive-sense single-stranded RNA coronavirus caused the global outbreak of COVID-19. The main protease (Mpro) of the virus as the major enzyme processing viral polyproteins contributed to the replication and transcription of SARS-CoV-2 in host cells, and has been characterized as an attractive target in drug discovery. Herein, a set of 1,4-naphthoquinones with juglone skeleton were prepared and evaluated for the inhibitory efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. More than half of the tested naphthoquinones could effectively inhibit the target enzyme with an inhibition rate of more than 90% at the concentration of 10 μM. In the structure-activity relationships (SARs) analysis, the characteristics of substituents and their position on juglone core scaffold were recognized as key ingredients for enzyme inhibitory activity. The most active compound, 2-acetyl-8-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (15), which exhibited much higher potency in enzyme inhibitions than shikonin as the positive control, displayed an IC50 value of 72.07 ± 4.84 nM towards Mpro-mediated hydrolysis of the fluorescently labeled peptide. It fit well into the active site cavity of the enzyme by forming hydrogen bonds with adjacent amino acid residues in molecular docking studies. The results from in vitro antiviral activity evaluation demonstrated that the most potent Mpro inhibitor could significantly suppress the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells within the low micromolar concentrations, with its EC50 value of about 4.55 μM. It was non-toxic towards the host Vero E6 cells under tested concentrations. The present research work implied that juglone skeleton could be a primary template for the development of potent Mpro inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinping Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Rinaldi-Neto F, Ribeiro AB, Ferreira NH, Squarisi IS, Oliveira KM, Orenha RP, Parreira RLT, Batista AA, Tavares DC. Anti-melanoma effect of ruthenium(II)-diphosphine complexes containing naphthoquinone ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 222:111497. [PMID: 34090039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of natural products as potential ligands has been explored as a strategy in the development of metal-based chemotherapy. Since ruthenium complexes are promising alternatives to traditional antitumor agents, this study evaluated the anti-melanoma potential of two ruthenium(II) complexes containing the naphthoquinone ligands lapachol (lap), [Ru(lap)(dppm)2]PF6, and lawsone (law), [Ru(law)(dppm)2]PF6, in addition to the bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) ligand, referred to as complexes (1) and (2), respectively, using a syngeneic murine melanoma model. Activation of the apoptotic pathway by the treatments was assessed by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue. Additionally, toxicity of the treatments was evaluated by variation in body and organ weight, quantification of biochemical indicators of renal damage, and genotoxicity in bone marrow and hepatocytes. First, the antiproliferative activity of (1) and (2) was observed in B16F10 cells, with IC50 values of 2.78 and 1.68 μM, respectively. The results obtained in mice showed that, unlike complex (1), (2) possesses significant anti-melanoma activity demonstrated by a reduction in tumor volume and mass (88.42%), as well as in mitosis frequency (83.86%). Additionally, complex (2) increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3, inducing tumor cell apoptosis. When compared to the metallodrug cisplatin, complex (2) exhibited similar anti-melanoma activity and lower toxicity considering all parameters evaluated. In silico studies demonstrated no difference in the binding energy of the naphthoquinone complex between complexes (1) and (2). However, the complex containing the lawsone ligand has a lower molar volume, which may be important for interactions with minor DNA grooves. The present results demonstrate the antitumor efficiency of complex (2) and a significantly lower systemic toxicity compared to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rinaldi-Neto
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Arthur Barcelos Ribeiro
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Natália Helen Ferreira
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Iara Silva Squarisi
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Kátia Mara Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Química, Rodovia Washington Luis s/n Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Renato Pereira Orenha
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Renato Luís Tame Parreira
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Alzir Azevedo Batista
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Química, Rodovia Washington Luis s/n Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Denise Crispim Tavares
- Universidade de Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil.
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Kim HK, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Han J. Multifaceted Clinical Effects of Echinochrome. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:412. [PMID: 34436251 PMCID: PMC8400489 DOI: 10.3390/md19080412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine drug histochrome is a special natural antioxidant. The active substance of the drug is echinochrome A (Ech A, 7-ethyl-2,3,5,6,8-pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), the most abundant quinonoid pigment in sea urchins. The medicine is clinically used in cardiology and ophthalmology based on the unique properties of Ech A, which simultaneously block various links of free radical reactions. In the last decade, numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of histochrome in various disease models without adverse effects. Here, we review the data on the various clinical effects and modes of action of Ech A in ophthalmic, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, inflammatory, metabolic, and malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea
| | - Elena A. Vasileva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Natalia P. Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Sergey A. Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Jin Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea
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Jiang ZB, Xu C, Wang W, Zhang YZ, Huang JM, Xie YJ, Wang QQ, Fan XX, Yao XJ, Xie C, Wang XR, Yan PY, Ma YP, Wu QB, Leung ELH. Plumbagin suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression through downregulating ARF1 and by elevating CD8 + T cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105656. [PMID: 33964470 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Therefore, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. Plumbagin (PLB), a natural sesquiterpene present in many Chinese herbal medicines, has been reported for its anti-cancer activity in various cancer cells. In this study, the effects and underlying mechanisms of PLB on the tumorigenesis of NSCLC were investigated. PLB dose-dependently inhibited the growth of NSCLC cell lines. PLB promoted ROS production, activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, and induced cell apoptosis, accompanied by the decreased expression level of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) in NSCLC cancer cells, and those effects of PLB could be reversed by the pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). More importantly, the calcium chelator (BM) significantly reversed PLB-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, PLB significantly inhibited the growth of both H1975 xenograft and LLC1 tumors and exhibited antitumor activity by enhancing the number and the effector function of CD8+ T cells in KRASLA2 mice model and the LLC1 xenograft. Our findings suggest that PLB exerts potent antitumor activity against NSCLC in vitro and in vivo through ARF1 downregulation and induction of antitumor immune response, indicating that PLB is a new novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bo Jiang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Cong Xu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yi-Zhong Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Ju-Min Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Ya-Jia Xie
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Chun Xie
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Xuan-Run Wang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Pei-Yu Yan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yu-Po Ma
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Qi-Biao Wu
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
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24
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de Almeida PDO, Dos Santos Barbosa Jobim G, Dos Santos Ferreira CC, Rocha Bernardes L, Dias RB, Schlaepfer Sales CB, Valverde LDF, Rocha CAG, Soares MBP, Bezerra DP, de Carvalho da Silva F, Cardoso MFDC, Ferreira VF, Brito LF, Pires de Sousa L, de Vasconcellos MC, Lima ES. A new synthetic antitumor naphthoquinone induces ROS-mediated apoptosis with activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 343:109444. [PMID: 33939975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quinones are plant-derived secondary metabolites that present diverse pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anticancer activities. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of a new naphthoquinone 6b,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta [b]naphtho [2,1-d]furan-5,6 (9aH)-dione) (CNFD) in different tumor cell lines. CNFD displayed cytotoxic activity against different tumor cell lines, especially in MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells, which showed IC50 values of 3.06 and 0.98 μM for 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively. In wound-healing migration assays, CNFD promoted inhibition of cell migration. We have found typical hallmarks of apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine exposure, increase of caspases-9 and-3 activation, increase of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation without affecting the cell membrane permeabilization, increase of ROS production, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by CNFD. Moreover, gene expression experiments indicated that CNFD increased the expression of the genes CDKN1A, FOS, MAX, and RAC1 and decreased the levels of mRNA transcripts of several genes, including CCND1, CDK2, SOS1, RHOA, GRB2, EGFR and KRAS. The CNFD treatment of MCF-7 cells induced the phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inactivation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). In a study using melanoma cells in a murine model in vivo, CNFD induced a potent anti-tumor activity. Herein, we describe, for the first time, the cytotoxicity and anti-tumor activity of CNFD and sequential mechanisms of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. CNFD seems to be a promising candidate for anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia D O de Almeida
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Gleyce Dos Santos Barbosa Jobim
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Caio César Dos Santos Ferreira
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rocha Bernardes
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Rosane B Dias
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Schlaepfer Sales
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Biomorphology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-902, Brazil
| | - Ludmila de F Valverde
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Clarissa A G Rocha
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleotide Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Mariana Filomena do Carmo Cardoso
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleotide Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Nucleotide Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Larissa F Brito
- Laboratory of Signaling in Inflammation, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia Pires de Sousa
- Laboratory of Signaling in Inflammation, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marne C de Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Emerson S Lima
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, 69077-000, Brazil.
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25
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Thapa R, Mondal S, Riikonen J, Rantanen J, Näkki S, Nissinen T, Närvänen A, Lehto VP. Biogenic nanoporous silicon carrier improves the efficacy of buparvaquone against resistant visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009533. [PMID: 34185780 PMCID: PMC8274846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan infection that is fatal if untreated. There is no vaccination against the disease, and the current chemotherapeutic agents are ineffective due to increased resistance and severe side effects. Buparvaquone is a potential drug against the leishmaniases, but it is highly hydrophobic resulting in poor bioavailability and low therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we loaded the drug into silicon nanoparticles produced from barley husk, which is an agricultural residue and widely available. The buparvaquone-loaded nanoparticles were several times more selective to kill the intracellular parasites being non-toxic to macrophages compared to the pure buparvaquone and other conventionally used anti-leishmanial agents. Furthermore, the in vivo results revealed that the intraperitoneally injected buparvaquone-loaded nanoparticles suppressed the parasite burden close to 100%. By contrast, pure buparvaquone suppressed the burden only by 50% with corresponding doses. As the conclusion, the biogenic silicon nanoparticles are promising carriers to significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy and selectivity of buparvaquone against resistant visceral leishmaniasis opening a new avenue for low-cost treatment against this neglected tropical disease threatening especially the poor people in developing nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinez Thapa
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Subhasish Mondal
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisa, West Bengal, India
| | - Joakim Riikonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jimi Rantanen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simo Näkki
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo Nissinen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ale Närvänen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Rubilar T, Barbieri ES, Gazquez A, Avaro M. Sea Urchin Pigments: Echinochrome A and Its Potential Implication in the Cytokine Storm Syndrome. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:267. [PMID: 34064550 PMCID: PMC8151293 DOI: 10.3390/md19050267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Echinochrome A (EchA) is a pigment from sea urchins. EchA is a polyhydroxylated 1,4-naphthoquinone that contains several hydroxyl groups appropriate for free-radical scavenging and preventing redox imbalance. EchA is the most studied molecule of this family and is an active principle approved to be used in humans, usually for cardiopathies and glaucoma. EchA is used as a pharmaceutical drug. Methods: A comprehensive literature and patent search review was undertaken using PubMed, as well as Google Scholar and Espacenet search engines to review these areas. Conclusions: In the bloodstream, EchA can mediate cellular responses, act as a radical scavenger, and activate the glutathione pathway. It decreases ROS imbalance, prevents and limits lipid peroxidation, and enhances mitochondrial functions. Most importantly, EchA contributes to the modulation of the immune system. EchA can regulate the generation of regulatory T cells, inhibit pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine production, while slightly reducing IL-8, TNF-α, INF-α, and NKT, thus correcting immune imbalance. These characteristics suggest that EchA is a candidate drug to alleviate the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rubilar
- Laboratorio de Química de Organismos Marinos, Instituto Patagónico del Mar, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina;
- Laboratorio de Oceanografía Biológica, Centro Para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), CONICET, Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina;
| | - Elena S. Barbieri
- Laboratorio de Oceanografía Biológica, Centro Para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), CONICET, Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina;
- Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Patagónico del Mar, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Ayelén Gazquez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, The Chascomús Technological Institute (INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús 7130, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Marisa Avaro
- Laboratorio de Química de Organismos Marinos, Instituto Patagónico del Mar, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina;
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27
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Sakpakdeejaroen I, Somani S, Laskar P, Mullin M, Dufès C. Regression of Melanoma Following Intravenous Injection of Plumbagin Entrapped in Transferrin-Conjugated, Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2615-2631. [PMID: 33854311 PMCID: PMC8039437 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s293480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plumbagin, a naphthoquinone extracted from the officinal leadwort presenting promising anti-cancer properties, has its therapeutic potential limited by its inability to reach tumors in a specific way at a therapeutic concentration following systemic injection. The purpose of this study is to assess whether a novel tumor-targeted, lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle formulation of plumbagin would suppress the growth of B16-F10 melanoma in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Novel lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles entrapping plumbagin and conjugated with transferrin, whose receptors are present in abundance on many cancer cells, have been developed. Their cellular uptake, anti-proliferative and apoptosis efficacy were assessed on various cancer cell lines in vitro. Their therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in vivo after tail vein injection to mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma tumors. RESULTS The transferrin-bearing lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles loaded with plumbagin resulted in the disappearance of 40% of B16-F10 tumors and regression of 10% of the tumors following intravenous administration. They were well tolerated by the mice. CONCLUSION These therapeutic effects, therefore, make transferrin-bearing lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles entrapping plumbagin a highly promising anti-cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intouch Sakpakdeejaroen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Sukrut Somani
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Partha Laskar
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Margaret Mullin
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Christine Dufès
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
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Xue D, Zhou X, Qiu J. Cytotoxicity mechanisms of plumbagin in drug-resistant tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:98-109. [PMID: 33791802 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of plumbagin (PLB) against drug-resistant tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), and whether its antitumour effect is not affected by tumour drug resistance. METHODS TSCC sensitive CAL27 cells and drug-resistant CAL27/RE cells were used to study the cytotoxicity and mechanism of PLB in vitro, including CCK-8 analysis, colony formation, DAPI staining, flow cytometry assay, transmission electron microscopy, western blotting assay, autophagy, apoptosis and ROS fluorescent probes. BALB/c nude mice xenograft models were used to study the growth inhibitory effect of PLB in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that the cell viability and proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction abilities of PLB on drug-resistant cells were more obvious than that on sensitive cells. And PLB induced protective autophagy in TSCC cells. Mechanistically, PLB induced apoptosis and autophagy by generating reactive oxygen species to mediate JNK and AKT/mTOR pathways. Finally, the growth inhibitory effect of PLB against drug-resistant TSCC was also confirmed in vivo. CONCLUSIONS PLB will be a promising anticancer agent to overcome drug-resistant TSCC without being affected by its drug resistance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiongming Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaxuan Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Stavrinou M, Tsitsi T, Astras G, Paikousis L, Charalambous A. A randomised controlled feasibility trial to evaluate Lawsonia inermis (henna)'s effect on palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia induced by capecitabine or pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2021; 51:101908. [PMID: 33626423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the effectiveness of henna in the management of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) in patients receiving treatment with capecitabine or pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD). METHOD This was a randomized controlled feasibility study in three specialized tertiary cancer centers with 56 patients with a PPE grade 1 or above and various cancer diagnoses. The intervention included the local application of henna to the affected areas. The control group followed the same process with a henna inert. Primary outcome was PPE grade and secondary outcomes were the EORTC QLQ-C30, PPE-related QoL (HFS-14), activities of daily living (ECOG) and pain. Patients in both groups were assessed at baseline and then weekly at four follow-ups. RESULTS PPE grade in the intervention group (1-3.8%) was lower compared to the control group (4-13.38%) and also lower levels of pain were reported by the patients in the intervention group (2.46 ± 1.17) compared to the control (5.57 ± 2.01). ECOG status in the intervention group was improved compared to the control (p = 0.039). The intervention group, experienced higher Global Health Status (p ≤ 0.008), Physical function (p ≤ 0.001), Emotional Function (p = 0.029), Social function (p ≤ 0.001) and lower Fatigue (p ≤ 0.001) and Pain (p ≤ 0.001) compared to the Control group. A statistically significant interaction was found between Group and Time over the weekly measurements of HFS-14 scores (F = 5,009, p ≤ 0.002) indicating the significant effect of the intervention throughout the weekly assessments. CONCLUSION The trial provided preliminary evidence on henna's effectiveness for treating PPE during treatment with capecitabine or PLD, with lower PPE grades, better performance status and better HRQoL observed in the henna group. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT01751893.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theologia Tsitsi
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Nursing, 15 Vragadinou Street, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - George Astras
- American Medical Centre, 215 2047, B22, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Lefkios Paikousis
- Improvast, Arkadias 7, Fairdeal House, Flat 206, Nicosia, 1048, Cyprus
| | - Andreas Charalambous
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Nursing, 15 Vragadinou Street, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus; University of Turku, Department of Nursing, Finland.
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Chen Y, Si L, Zhang J, Yu H, Liu X, Chen Y, Wu Y. Uncovering the antitumor effects and mechanisms of Shikonin against colon cancer on comprehensive analysis. Phytomedicine 2021; 82:153460. [PMID: 33476976 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound extracted from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has been extensively studied for its antitumor activity. However, the systematic pathways involved in Shikonin intervention in human colon cancer has not yet clearly defined. PURPOSE This study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Shikonin in colon cancer, as well as investigate the potential biomarkers from a global perspective and the possible antitumor mechanisms involved. METHODS In this work, cell viability, cell cycle and cell apoptosis in human colon cancer cells were assessed to evaluate the antitumor activity of Shikonin. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were integrated to provide the perturbed pathways and explore the potential mechanisms. The crucial proteins and genes involved were further validated by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS Shikonin revealed a remarkable antitumor potency in colon cancer. Cell cycle was significantly arrested at the S phase as well as apoptosis was induced in SW480 cell line. Furthermore, a total of 1642 differentially expressed genes and 40 metabolites were detected after Shikonin intervention. The integrated analysis suggested that the antitumor effect was mainly attributed to purine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, urea cycle and metabolism of amino acids. The up-regulated expression of proteins vital for arginine biosynthesis was subsequently validated by immunohistochemistry in xenograft mice. Notably, supplemental dNTPs and arginine could significantly reverse the cytotoxic effect induced by Shikonin and the genes participating in purine metabolism and arginine biosynthesis were further determined by RT-qPCR. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a systematic perspective in the therapeutic effect of Shikonin which might lay a foundation for further research on Shikonin in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Leting Si
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang M, Gao S, Hong L, Hou T, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Qian F. Shikonin ameliorates lipoteichoic acid‑induced acute lung injury via promotion of neutrophil apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:133. [PMID: 33313945 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikonin is the major active component in Lithospermum erythrorhizon and has pharmacological effects including reducing inflammation, aiding resistance to bacteria and promoting wound healing. However, the effect of shikonin on lipoteichoic acid (LTA)‑induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains to be elucidated. ALI is a serious illness resulting from significant pulmonary inflammation caused by various diseases, such as sepsis, acid aspiration and trauma. The present study found that shikonin significantly attenuated LTA‑induced ALI. Following shikonin treatment, the accumulation of pulmonary neutrophils and expression of TNFα, IL‑1β and IL‑6 were decreased in mice with LTA‑induced ALI. Furthermore, Shikonin promoted neutrophil apoptosis by increasing the activation of caspase‑3 and reducing the expression of the antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia‑1 (Mcl‑1) protein. However, shikonin treatment did not influence the expression of B‑cell lymphoma‑2. The findings of the present study demonstrated that shikonin protected against LTA‑induced ALI by promoting caspase-3 and Mcl‑1‑related neutrophil apoptosis, suggesting that shikonin is a potential agent that can be used in the treatment of sepsis‑mediated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Muqun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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Yang W, Liu J, Hou L, Chen Q, Liu Y. Shikonin differentially regulates glucose metabolism via PKM2 and HIF1α to overcome apoptosis in a refractory HCC cell line. Life Sci 2021; 265:118796. [PMID: 33220292 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In tumor cells, shikonin treatment has been reported to inhibit glycolysis by suppressing the activity of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and to induce apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows variable sensitivity to shikonin treatment, and the mechanism for these differences remains unclear. We evaluated the effects of shikonin on metabolic and oxidative pathways in sensitive and refractory HCC cell lines to identify mechanisms of differential sensitivity. MAIN METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay, PI/Annexin V and JC-1 staining. Mitochondrial function was further evaluated by measurements of ROS and mitochondrial mass. Oxygen consumption rates, NAD+/NADH, ATP and lactate were measured as indicators of energy metabolism and glycolysis. Protein expression associated with glycolysis and apoptosis was evaluated by western blotting, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining. KEY FINDINGS The sensitivity to shikonin treatment was significantly higher for HepG2 cells than for HCCLM3 cells, with less dramatic effects in HCCLM3 cells on apoptosis, ROS, and oxidative phosphorylation. Shikonin up-regulated mitochondrial biogenesis to increase mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in HepG2 cells, but displayed the opposite trend in HCCLM3 cells. Mechanistically, shikonin promoted nuclear expression of PKM2 and HIF1α in HCCLM3 cells, with upregulation of glycolysis-related gene transcription and glycolysis. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that PKM2 rewires glucose metabolism, which explains the differential sensitivity to shikonin-induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Our findings elucidate mechanisms for differential responses to shikonin, provide potential biomarkers, and indicate a theoretical basis for targeting glycolytic enzymes in refractory HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qingmin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.
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Nadhan R, Patra D, Krishnan N, Rajan A, Gopala S, Ravi D, Srinivas P. Perspectives on mechanistic implications of ROS inducers for targeting viral infections. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 890:173621. [PMID: 33068588 PMCID: PMC7554476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective, we propose to leverage reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction as a potential therapeutic measure against viral infections. Our rationale for targeting RNA viral infections by pro-oxidants is routed on the mechanistic hypothesis that ROS based treatment paradigm could impair RNA integrity faster than the other macromolecules. Though antiviral drugs with antioxidant properties confer potential abilities for preventing viral entry, those with pro-oxidant properties could induce the degradation of nascent viral RNA within the host cells, as RNAs are highly prone to ROS mediated degradation than DNA/proteins. We have previously established that Plumbagin is a highly potent ROS inducer, which acts through shifting of the host redox potential. Besides, it has been reported that Plumbagin treatment has the potential for interrupting viral RNA replication within the host cells. Since the on-going Corona Virus Disease - 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic mediated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits high infectivity, the development of appropriate antiviral therapeutic strategies remains to be an urgent unmet race against time. Therefore, additional experimental validation is warranted to determine the appropriateness of repurposable drug candidates, possibly ROS inducers, for fighting the pandemic which could lead to saving many lives from being lost to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Nadhan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Dipyaman Patra
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Neethu Krishnan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Arathi Rajan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Dashnamoorthy Ravi
- Division of Blood Disorders, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.
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Li Y, Yu S, Li Y, Liang X, Su M, Li R. Medical Significance of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 and Pharmacological Characteristics of Plumbagin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:714909. [PMID: 34712201 PMCID: PMC8547653 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.714909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, evidence shows that uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have a higher death-rate. However, current anti-UCEC/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment is lacking. Plumbagin (PLB), a pharmacologically active alkaloid, is an emerging anti-cancer inhibitor. Accordingly, the current report was designed to identify and characterize the anti-UCEC function and mechanism of PLB in the treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 via integrated in silico analysis. METHODS The clinical analyses of UCEC and COVID-19 in patients were conducted using online-accessible tools. Meanwhile, in silico methods including network pharmacology and biological molecular docking aimed to screen and characterize the anti-UCEC/COVID-19 functions, bio targets, and mechanisms of the action of PLB. RESULTS The bioinformatics data uncovered the clinical characteristics of UCEC patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, including specific genes, health risk, survival rate, and prognostic index. Network pharmacology findings disclosed that PLB-exerted anti-UCEC/COVID-19 effects were achieved through anti-proliferation, inducing cytotoxicity and apoptosis, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, and modulation of some of the key molecular pathways associated with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating actions. Following molecular docking analysis, in silico investigation helped identify the anti-UCEC/COVID-19 pharmacological bio targets of PLB, including mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU). CONCLUSIONS Based on the present bioinformatic and in silico findings, the clinical characterization of UCEC/COVID-19 patients was revealed. The candidate, core bio targets, and molecular pathways of PLB action in the potential treatment of UCEC/COVID-19 were identified accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Guigang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guigang, China
| | - Songzuo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People’s Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Min Su
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Min Su, ; Rong Li, ;
| | - Rong Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Min Su, ; Rong Li, ;
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Freidus LG, Kumar P, Marimuthu T, Pradeep P, Pillay V, Choonara YE. Synthesis and Properties of CurNQ for the Theranostic Application in Ovarian Cancer Intervention. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194471. [PMID: 33003358 PMCID: PMC7582707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of a novel theranostic molecule for targeted cancer intervention. A reaction between curcumin and lawsone was carried out to yield the novel curcumin naphthoquinone (CurNQ) molecule (2,2′-((((1E,3Z,6E)-3-hydroxy-5-oxohepta-1,3,6-triene-1,7-diyl) bis(2-methoxy-4,1-phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(naphthalene-1,4-dione). CurNQ’s structure was elucidated and was fully characterized. CurNQ was demonstrated to have pH specific solubility, its saturation solubility increased from 11.15 µM at pH 7.4 to 20.7 µM at pH 6.8. This pH responsivity allows for cancer targeting (Warburg effect). Moreover, CurNQ displayed intrinsic fluorescence, thus enabling imaging and detection applications. In vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated the chemotherapeutic properties of CurNQ as CurNQ reduced cell viability to below 50% in OVCAR-5 and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell lines. CurNQ is a novel theranostic molecule for potential targeted cancer detection and treatment.
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Polish N, Nesterkina M, Marintsova N, Karkhut A, Kravchenko I, Novikov V, Khairulin A. Synthesis and Evaluation on Anticonvulsant and Antidepressant Activities of Naphthoquinone Derivatives Containing Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Fragments. Acta Chim Slov 2020; 67:934-939. [PMID: 33533434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel heterocyclic dichloronaphthoquinone derivatives have been synthesized by chlorine atom substitution in 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone to pyrazole or pyrimidine fragments. The structures of these compounds have been confirmed by FT-IR, ESI-MS, 1H?NMR, 13C-NMR and elementary analysis. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant action in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-convulsion model and antidepressant activity in the forced swimming test (FST). All naphthoquinone derivatives at a dose 100 mg/kg indicated anticonvulsant effect in PTZ-induced test at 3 h and 24 h after oral administration. In addition, these compounds possessed prolonged antidepressant properties significantly reducing the duration of immobility time when compared to the reference drug amitriptyline.
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Chen Y, Ni J, Gao Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wu Y. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics reveals the comprehensive characterization of antitumor mechanism underlying Shikonin on colon cancer patient-derived xenograft model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14092. [PMID: 32839531 PMCID: PMC7445290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy occurring in the digestive system. Despite progress in surgery and therapy options, CRC is still a considerable cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In this study, a colon cancer patient-derived xenograft model was established to evaluate the antitumor activity of Shikonin. The protective effect underlying Shikonin was determined through assessing serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and kidney functions (BuN, Scr) in PDX mice. Proteomics and metabolomics profiles were integrated to provide a systematic perspective in dynamic changes of proteins and global endogenous metabolites as well as their perturbed pathways. A total of 456 differently expressed proteins (DEPs), 32 differently expressed metabolites (DEMs) in tumor tissue, and 20 DEMs in mice serum were identified. The perturbation of arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids may mainly account for therapeutic mechanism of Shikonin. Furthermore, the expression of mRNAs participating in arginine biosynthesis (CPS1, OTC, Arg1) and do novo purine synthesis (GART, PAICS, ATIC) were validated through RT-qPCR. Our study provides new insights into the drug therapeutic strategies and a better understanding of antitumor mechanisms that might be valuable for further studies on Shikonin in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Juan Ni
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Li Q, Hou W, Li M, Ye H, Li H, Wang Z. Ultrasound Combined with Core Cross-Linked Nanosystem for Enhancing Penetration of Doxorubicin Prodrug/Beta-Lapachone into Tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4825-4845. [PMID: 32753868 PMCID: PMC7355081 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s251277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have shown excellent prospects in tumor therapy. However, insufficient penetration of NDDSs has significantly impeded their development due to physiological instability and low passive penetration efficiency. METHODS Herein, we prepared a core cross-linked pullulan-modified nanosized system, fabricated by visible-light-induced diselenide bond cross-linked method for transporting β-Lapachone and doxorubicin prodrug (boronate-DOX, BDOX), to improve the physiological stability of the NDDSs for efficient passive accumulation in tumor blood vessels (β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS). Additionally, ultrasound (US) was utilized to transfer β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS around the tumor vessel in a relay style to penetrate the tumor interstitium. Subsequently, β-Lapachone enhanced ROS levels by overexpressing NQO1, resulting in the transformation of BDOX into DOX. DOX, together with abundant levels of ROS, achieved synergistic tumor therapy. RESULTS In vivo experiments demonstrated that ultrasound (US) + cross-linked nanosized drug delivery systems (β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS) group showed ten times higher DOX accumulation in the tumor interstitium than the non-cross-linked (β-Lapachone/BDOX-NCS) group. CONCLUSION Thus, this strategy could be a promising method to achieve deep penetration of NDDSs into the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hemin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhibiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
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Dyshlovoy SA, Pelageev DN, Hauschild J, Sabutskii YE, Khmelevskaya EA, Krisp C, Kaune M, Venz S, Borisova KL, Busenbender T, Denisenko VA, Schlüter H, Bokemeyer C, Graefen M, Polonik SG, Anufriev VP, von Amsberg G. Inspired by Sea Urchins: Warburg Effect Mediated Selectivity of Novel Synthetic Non-Glycoside 1,4-Naphthoquinone-6S-Glucose Conjugates in Prostate Cancer. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18050251. [PMID: 32403427 PMCID: PMC7281150 DOI: 10.3390/md18050251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of high sugar consumption by tumor cells is known as Warburg effect. It results from a high glycolysis rate, used by tumors as preferred metabolic pathway even in aerobic conditions. Targeting the Warburg effect to specifically deliver sugar conjugated cytotoxic compounds into tumor cells is a promising approach to create new selective drugs. We designed, synthesized, and analyzed a library of novel 6-S-(1,4-naphthoquinone-2-yl)-d-glucose chimera molecules (SABs)—novel sugar conjugates of 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs of the sea urchin pigments spinochromes, which have previously shown anticancer properties. A sulfur linker (thioether bond) was used to prevent potential hydrolysis by human glycoside-unspecific enzymes. The synthesized compounds exhibited a Warburg effect mediated selectivity to human prostate cancer cells (including highly drug-resistant cell lines). Mitochondria were identified as a primary cellular target of SABs. The mechanism of action included mitochondria membrane permeabilization, followed by ROS upregulation and release of cytotoxic mitochondrial proteins (AIF and cytochrome C) to the cytoplasm, which led to the consequent caspase-9 and -3 activation, PARP cleavage, and apoptosis-like cell death. These results enable us to further clinically develop these compounds for effective Warburg effect targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Dyshlovoy
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +4940-7410-53591
| | - Dmitry N. Pelageev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Jessica Hauschild
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
| | - Yurii E. Sabutskii
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Khmelevskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Moritz Kaune
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
| | - Simone Venz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Interfacultary Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ksenia L. Borisova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
| | - Tobias Busenbender
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
| | - Vladimir A. Denisenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sergey G. Polonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
| | - Victor Ph. Anufriev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (D.N.P.); (Y.E.S.); (E.A.K.); (K.L.B.); (V.A.D.); (S.G.P.); (V.P.A.)
| | - Gunhild von Amsberg
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (M.K.); (T.B.); (C.B.); (G.v.A.)
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
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Lee SY, Kim MJ, Jang S, Lee GE, Hwang SY, Kwon Y, Hong JY, Sohn MH, Park SY, Yoon HG. Plumbagin Suppresses Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibition of p300 Histone Acetyltransferase Activity. J Med Food 2020; 23:633-640. [PMID: 32311286 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis similar to that of malignancy. The causes of IPF are not clearly known, and there is no effective therapy to date. In this study, the natural compound plumbagin, which was isolated from Plumbago rosea root extract, was screened for p300 inhibitory activity. Plumbagin specifically inhibited the activity of p300 toward histone acetyltransferases. Plumbagin treatment significantly suppressed transforming growth factor-β-induced profibrotic target-gene expression and proliferation of fibroblast cell lines. Moreover, plumbagin significantly inhibited bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Taken together, these data demonstrate the inhibitory effects of plumbagin on lung fibrosis and its promise as a therapeutic agent for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subhin Jang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Eun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gwon SY, Ahn J, Jung CH, Moon B, Ha TY. Shikonin Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis by Enhancing Beta Oxidation and Energy Expenditure via AMPK Activation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041133. [PMID: 32316687 PMCID: PMC7230385 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikonin, a natural plant pigment, is known to have anti-obesity activity and to improve insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to examine the effect of shikonin on hepatic steatosis, focusing on the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and energy expenditure in Hepa 1-6 cells and in high-fat fed mice. Shikonin increased AMPK phosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and inhibition of AMPK with compound C inhibited this activation. In an oleic acid-induced steatosis model in hepatocytes, shikonin suppressed oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation, increased AMPK phosphorylation, suppressed the expression of lipogenic genes, and stimulated fatty acid oxidation-related genes. Shikonin administration for four weeks decreased body weight gain and the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver of high-fat fed mice. Furthermore, shikonin promoted energy expenditure by activating fatty acid oxidation. In addition, shikonin increased the expression of PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) and other mitochondrial function-related genes. These results suggest that shikonin attenuated a high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by stimulating fatty acid oxidation and energy expenditure via AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Gwon
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.G.); (J.A.); (C.H.J.)
- Department of Law Policy Research, National Food Safety Information Service, Seoul 110-750, Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.G.); (J.A.); (C.H.J.)
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.G.); (J.A.); (C.H.J.)
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
| | - BoKyung Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea;
| | - Tae-Youl Ha
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.G.); (J.A.); (C.H.J.)
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-632299054; Fax: +82-632299225
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Shi JY, Huang ZR, Gao HY, Xu XL. Anticancer effects of juglone in OVCAR-3 human ovarian carcinoma are facilitated through programmed cell death, endogenous ROS production, inhibition of cell migration and invasion and cell cycle arrest. J BUON 2020; 25:779-784. [PMID: 32521867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence suggests that Juglone is a potent anticancer molecule of plant origin. However, its anticancer effects have not been fully explored against human ovarian cancer cells. Therefore this study was undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of Juglone against the human OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. METHODS Cell viability was evaluated by WST-1 assay. Cellular apoptosis was studied using fluorescence microscopy with DAPI staining. The percentage of OVCAR-3 human ovarian cancer cells was examined by using flow cytometry in combination with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Effects on cell cycle were studied by flow cytometer while effects on cell migration and invasion were evaluated using wound healing and transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS Juglone inhibited the growth rate of OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells and showed an IC50 of 30 µM. However, Juglone showed very high IC50 (100 µM) against the normal SV40 ovarian cells. DAPI staining showed that Juglone caused nuclear fragmentation of the OVCAR-3 cells, suggestive of apoptosis. Annexin V/PI staining showed that the percentage of the apoptotic OVCAR-3 cells increased from 2.15 in control to 45.24% at 60 µM concentration of Juglone. The induction of apoptosis in the OVCAR-3 cells was also accompanied with activation caspase-3, upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. Juglone was also found to cause an upsurge in the ROS levels in the OVCAR-3 cells. Cell cycle analysis showed that Juglone caused accumulation of the OVCAR-3 cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle triggering G2/M cell cycle arrest. Wound healing assay and transwell assay showed that Juglone suppressed the migration as well as the invasion of the OVCAR-3 cells, suggestive of the antimetastatic potential of this molecule. CONCLUSIONS Juglone may prove advantageous in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Shi
- Department of Gynecology, the third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University (Changzhou First People's Hospital), Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, 213003
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Sarkar A, Ghosh S, Shaw R, Patra MM, Calcuttawala F, Mukherjee N, Das Gupta SK. Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate synthase (ThyX) is a target for plumbagin, a natural product with antimycobacterial activity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228657. [PMID: 32017790 PMCID: PMC6999906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin derived from the plant Plumbago indica, known as Chitrak in India, is an example of a medicinal compound used traditionally to cure a variety of ailments. Previous reports have indicated that it can inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of the deadly disease TB. In this investigation, we provide an insight into its mode of action. We show here that a significant mycobacterial target that is inhibited by plumbagin is the enzyme ThyX, a form of thymidylate synthase, that is responsible for the synthesis of dTMP from dUMP in various bacterial pathogens, including Mtb. Using a purified preparation of the recombinant version of Mtb ThyX, we demonstrate that plumbagin, a 2,4 napthoquinone, but not lawsone, a structurally related medicinal compound, inhibits its activity in vitro. We also show that the intracellular [dTTP]/[dATP] ratio in Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm) cells decrease upon treatment with plumbagin, and this, in turn, leads to cell death. Such a conclusion is supported by the observation that over-expression of thyx in the plumbagin treated Msm cells leads to the restoration of viability. The results of our investigation indicate that plumbagin kills mycobacterial cells primarily by targeting ThyX, a vital enzyme required for their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurba Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Shreya Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rahul Shaw
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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Han D, Yu T, Dong N, Wang B, Sun F, Jiang D. Napabucasin, a novel STAT3 inhibitor suppresses proliferation, invasion and stemness of glioblastoma cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:289. [PMID: 31277685 PMCID: PMC6612138 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) cells with stem cell-like properties are called glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs display highly treatment resistance and are responsible for tumor recurrence. Napabucasin (BBI608), a novel small molecule inhibitor of STAT3, has been identified to eliminate stemness-like tumor cells in some cancers. However, the influence of Napabucasin on GBM cells, especially on GSCs, is currently unclear. In this study, we explored the influence and underlying mechanisms of Napabucasin on GBM cells. METHODS STAT3 expression and its correlation with the glioma grade and patient survival were analyzed using CGGA and TCGA glioma databases. The influence of Napabucasin on proliferation, stemness, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and invasion of human GBM cell lines U87MG and LN229 was tested by CCK8, EdU incorporation, colony formation, Transwell invasion, and three-dimensional spheroid assays as well as flow cytometry, qPCR, and western blot analysis. The ability of Napabucasin to inhibit cell proliferation of U87MG tumor xenografts in mice was assessed using a live animal bioluminescence imaging system and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Napabucasin suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of U87MG and LN229 cells. Furthermore, Napabucasin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. More importantly, Napabucasin treatment obviously inhibited expression of stemness-associated genes including STAT3 and suppressed the spheroid formation of glioma cells in vitro. Napabucasin also disrupted the NF-κB signaling pathway via downregulation of RelA (p65). Finally, glioma growth was effectively impaired by Napabucasin in nude mice bearing intracranial glioma xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Napabucasin treatment may be a novel approach for the treatment of GBM, particularly GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Han
- 0000 0004 1758 0558grid.452207.6Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jie Fang Nan Road, Xuzhou, 221009 China
| | - Tianfu Yu
- 0000 0001 2314 964Xgrid.41156.37Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008 China
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Nan Dong
- 0000 0004 1758 0558grid.452207.6Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jie Fang Nan Road, Xuzhou, 221009 China
| | - Bo Wang
- 0000 0004 1758 0558grid.452207.6Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jie Fang Nan Road, Xuzhou, 221009 China
| | - Fei Sun
- 0000 0004 1758 0558grid.452207.6Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jie Fang Nan Road, Xuzhou, 221009 China
| | - Dehua Jiang
- 0000 0004 1758 0558grid.452207.6Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jie Fang Nan Road, Xuzhou, 221009 China
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Chen Y, Zhao C, Liu X, Wu G, Zhong J, Zhao T, Li J, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Wei Y. Plumbagin ameliorates liver fibrosis via a ROS-mediated NF-кB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108923. [PMID: 31154269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate plumbagin (PL) on liver fibrosis in vitro and in vivo and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to establish a rat liver fibrosis model, primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from the rat liver, and fibrosis-related indicators were detected. RESULTS The results revealed that PL significantly prevented CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, as evidenced by the attenuation of histopathological changes, the decrease of MDA and the increase of SOD and GSH-P X . In addition, PL downregulated the mRNA levels of NOX4 and procollagen I; the protein expression levels of NOX4 and p-IκB; and the transcriptional activity of NF-κB in liver fibrosis rats. Moreover, PL significantly decreased ROS expression, protein expression of α-SMA and collagen III, and activation of NF-κB and inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in IL-1β-stimulated HSCs in vitro. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that PL can mitigate liver fibrosis in vitro and in vivo, which may be related to the ROS-mediated NF-кB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Chuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Guanyi Wu
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Tiejian Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Junxuan Li
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Yuning Lin
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Yanping Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China.
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Wang H, Zou C, Zhao W, Yu Y, Cui Y, Zhang H, E F, Qiu Z, Zou C, Gao X. Juglone eliminates MDSCs accumulation and enhances antitumor immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:118-127. [PMID: 31085459 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to immune activity suppression and promote the tumor progression. Elimination of MDSCs is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy, and some chemotherapeutic agents have been reported to hamper tumor progression by suppressing MDSCs. Juglone has been showed to exert a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. However, the effect of juglone on MDSCs and anti-tumor immune statue has remained unexplored. In our study, we observed that juglone suppressed tumor growth and metastasis markedly, and the tumor growth suppression in immunocompetent mice was more drastic than that in immunodeficient mice. Juglone reduced the accumulation of MDSCs and increased IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells. Consistently, juglone affected myeloid cells differentiation and maturation, impairing the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs. Moreover, juglone down-regulated the level of IL-1β which was mediating accumulation of MDSCs. In addition, juglone inhibited 5FU-induced liver injury in a colorectal carcinoma-bearing mice model. Thus, our work suggests that the anti-tumor effect of juglone is mediated, at least in part, by eliminating accumulation of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chendan Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Fang E
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zini Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chaoxia Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medicine Sciences, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medicine Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research of Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150081, China.
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Shah MA, Reanmongkol W, Radenahmad N, Khalil R, Ul-Haq Z, Panichayupakaranant P. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of rhinacanthins-rich extract from Rhinacanthus nasutus leaves in nicotinamide-streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108702. [PMID: 30844658 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Wantana Reanmongkol
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand; Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Nisaudah Radenahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand; Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
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Rufener R, Dick L, D'Ascoli L, Ritler D, Hizem A, Wells TNC, Hemphill A, Lundström-Stadelmann B. Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2018; 8:440-450. [PMID: 30396011 PMCID: PMC6216040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis causes the lethal disease alveolar echinococcosis. Current chemotherapeutic treatment options are based on benzimidazoles (albendazole and mebendazole), which are insufficient and hence alternative drugs are needed. In this study, we screened the 400 compounds of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pathogen Box against E. multilocularis metacestodes. For the screen, we employed the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) assay which assesses drug-induced damage on metacestodes, and identified ten new compounds with activity against the parasite. The anti-theilerial drug MMV689480 (buparvaquone) and MMV671636 (ELQ-400) were the most promising compounds, with an IC50 of 2.87 μM and 0.02 μM respectively against in vitro cultured E. multilocularis metacestodes. Both drugs suggested a therapeutic window based on their cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that treatment with buparvaquone impaired parasite mitochondria early on and additional tests showed that buparvaquone had a reduced activity under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, we established a system to assess mitochondrial respiration in isolated E. multilocularis cells in real time using the Seahorse XFp Analyzer and demonstrated inhibition of the cytochrome bc1 complex by buparvaquone. Mice with secondary alveolar echinococcosis were treated with buparvaquone (100 mg/kg per dose, three doses per week, four weeks of treatment), but the drug failed to reduce the parasite burden in vivo. Future studies will reveal whether improved formulations of buparvaquone could increase its effectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Rufener
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Dick
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura D'Ascoli
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Ritler
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amani Hizem
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Parasitology-Mycology, LR 12ES08, Department of Clinical Biology B, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Timothy N C Wells
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Britta Lundström-Stadelmann
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Li X, Jia X, Niu H. Nanostructured lipid carriers co-delivering lapachone and doxorubicin for overcoming multidrug resistance in breast cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4107-4119. [PMID: 30034236 PMCID: PMC6047616 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s163929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance is responsible for the poor outcome in breast cancer therapy. Lapa is a novel therapeutic agent that generates ROS through the catalysis of the NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) enzyme which significantly facilitate the intracellular accumulation of the co-delivered DOX to overcome MDR in cancer cells. PURPOSE Herein, in our study, nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) co-delivering β-lapachone (Lapa) and doxorubicin (DOX) was developed (LDNLC) with the aim to overcome the multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Lapa and DOX were loaded into NLC to prepare LDNLC using melted ultrasonic dispersion method. RESULTS The well designed LDNLC was nanoscaled particles that exhibited preferable stability in physiological environment. In vitro cell experiments on MCF-7 ADR cells showed increased DOX retention as compared to DOX mono-delivery NLC (DNLC). In vivo anti-cancer assays on MCF-7 ADR tumor bearing mice model also revealed significantly enhanced efficacy of LDNLC than mono-delivery NLCs (DNLC and LNLC). CONCLUSION LDNLC might be a promising platform for effective breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqian Jia
- Department of General Surgery 2, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China,
| | - Hu Niu
- Department of General Surgery 2, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China,
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Darvin SS, Esakkimuthu S, Toppo E, Balakrishna K, Paulraj MG, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA. Hepatoprotective effect of lawsone on rifampicin-isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo models. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 61:87-94. [PMID: 29859372 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Drug-induced liver injury is one of the common unfavourable impacts, which seriously affects any drug therapy. This study documented the hepatoprotective efficacy of lawsone, the major bioactive naphthoquinone present in Lawsonia inermis L. (Lythraceae) using in vitro and in vivo models. Lawsone was isolated from the leaves of L. inermis and its structure was confirmed using spectroscopic data. In-vitro antioxidant effect of lawsone was evaluated using ABTS assay. Hepatoprotective effect of lawsone was determined with RIF-INH treated HepG2 cells and Wistar rats. Administration of RIF-INH reduced the viability of the HepG2 cells and the treatment with lawsone significantly restored the viability of the cells even at lower concentration (7.5 μM). The other parameters such as the leakage of transaminases and MDA levels were also significantly reduced by the treatment with lawsone. Oral administration of lawsone to the animals did not show any toxicity up to 2 g/kg b.w. concentration. Treatment with lawsone to the RIF-INH administered animals significantly lowered the serum transaminases levels. The ratio of albumin to globulin was improved and the level of bilirubin was lowered. This study indicated the hepatoprotective effect of lawsone; detailed investigations will give deeper understanding of the application of lawsone for hepatoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sylvester Darvin
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Esakkimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - Erenius Toppo
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - M Gabriel Paulraj
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - P Pandikumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India; International Scientific Partnership Programme, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - N A Al-Dhabi
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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