1
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Shah S, Morris H, Thiagarajah S, Gordon A, Sharma S, Haslam P, Garcia J, Ali F. Handling 'carbon footprint' in orthopaedics. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024. [PMID: 38563077 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The National Health Service contributes 4%-5% of England and Wales' greenhouse gases and a quarter of all public sector waste. Between 20% and 33% of healthcare waste originates from a hospital's operating room, and up to 90% of waste is sent for costly and unneeded hazardous waste processing. The goal of this study was to quantify the amount and type of waste produced during a selection of common trauma and elective orthopaedic operations, and to calculate the carbon footprint of processing the waste. METHODS Waste generated for both elective and trauma procedures was separated primarily into clean and contaminated, paper or plastic, and then weighed. The annual carbon footprint for each operation at each site was subsequently calculated. RESULTS Elective procedures can generate up to 16.5kg of plastic waste per procedure. Practices such as double-draping the patient contribute to increasing the quantity of waste. Over the procedures analysed, the mean total plastic waste at the hospital sites varied from 6 to 12kg. One hospital site undertook a pilot of switching disposable gowns for reusable ones with a subsequent reduction of 66% in the carbon footprint and a cost saving of £13,483.89. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds new light on the environmental impact of waste produced during trauma and elective orthopaedic procedures. Mitigating the environmental impact of the operating room requires a collective drive for a culture change to sustainability and social responsibility. Each clinician can have an impact upon the carbon footprint of their operating theatre.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shah
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - H Morris
- East Midlands North Training Rotation, UK
| | - S Thiagarajah
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Gordon
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S Sharma
- Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - P Haslam
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Garcia
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - F Ali
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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2
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Shah S, Morris H, Nicolaou N, MacInnes S, Haslam P, Shahane S, Ali F, Garcia J. The carbon footprint of arthroscopic procedures. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:256-261. [PMID: 37381779 PMCID: PMC10906500 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The healthcare sector contributes the equivalent of 4.4% of global net emissions to the climate carbon footprint; between 20% and 70% of healthcare waste originates from a hospital's operating theatre and up to 90% of waste is sent for costly and unneeded hazardous waste processing. This study aimed to quantify the amount and type of waste produced during an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR), calculate the carbon footprint and assess the cost of the waste disposal. METHODS The amount of waste generated from ACLR and RCR procedures was calculated across a range of hospital sites. The waste was separated primarily into clean and contaminated, paper or plastic. Both carbon footprint and cost of disposal across the hospital sites was subsequently calculated. RESULTS RCR generated 3.3-15.5kg of plastic waste and 0.9-2.3kg of paper waste. ACLR generated 2.4-9.6kg of plastic waste and 1.1-1.6kg of paper waste. The cost to process waste varies widely between hospital sites, waste disposal contractors and method of waste disposal. The annual burden of the included hospital sites for the arthroscopic procedures undertaken was 6.2 tonnes of carbon dioxide. CONCLUSIONS The data collected demonstrated a significant variability in waste production and cost for waste disposal between hospital sites. At a national level, consideration should be given to the procurement of appropriate products such that waste can be efficiently recycled or disposed of by environmentally sustainable methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Morris
- East Midlands North Training Rotation, UK
| | - N Nicolaou
- Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S MacInnes
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - S Shahane
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - F Ali
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Garcia
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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3
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Popova ES, J Hahn B, Morris H, Loomis K, Shy E, Andrews J, Iacullo M, Peters A. Exploring Well-Being: Resilience, Stress, and Self-Care in Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Students. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2023; 43:159-169. [PMID: 35481402 DOI: 10.1177/15394492221091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Burnout is increasingly documented in occupational therapy (OT); however, practitioner and student well-being have not been examined to date. The research aim was to explore the relationship between well-being, resilience, stress, and self-care in OT. For this purpose, a cross-sectional survey of practitioners and students was done, including a background survey, World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS). Open-ended questions and Visual Analog Scales were used to gather satisfaction and service access. Practitioners (n = 235) and students (n = 200) reported well-being "less than half of the time" on the WHO-5, "moderate" stress on the PSS, and "normal" resilience on the BRS. The BRS, PSS, and MSCS explained a significant proportion of variance on the WHO-5 for practitioners and students. Most participants used at least one self-care strategy and desired additional organizational services. The findings of elevated stress and decreased well-being underscore the importance of reimagining wellness initiatives in OT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Erin Shy
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Kunert N, Hajek P, Hietz P, Morris H, Rosner S, Tholen D. Summer temperatures reach the thermal tolerance threshold of photosynthetic decline in temperate conifers. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:1254-1261. [PMID: 34651391 PMCID: PMC10078684 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-related environmental stress has been recognized as a driving force in accelerating forest mortality over the last decades in Central Europe. Here, we aim to elucidate the thermal sensitivity of three native conifer species, namely Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver fir (Abies alba), and three non-native species, namely Austrian pine (Pinus nigra), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica). Thermal sensitivity, defined here as a decline of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv /Fm ) with increasing temperature, was measured under varying levels of heat stress and compared with the turgor loss point (πtlp ) as a drought resistance trait. We calculated three different leaf thermotolerance traits: the temperature at the onset (5%) of the Fv /Fm decline (T5), the temperature at which Fv /Fm was half the maximum value (T50) and the temperature at which only 5% Fv /Fm remained (T95). T5 ranged from 38.5 ± 0.8 °C to 43.1 ± 0.6 °C across all species, while T50 values were at least 9 to 11 degrees above the maximum air temperatures on record for all species. Only Austrian pine had a notably higher T5 value than recorded maximum air temperatures. Species with higher T5 values were characterized by a less negative πtlp compared to species with lower T5. The six species could be divided into 'drought-tolerant heat-sensitive' and 'drought-sensitive heat-tolerant' groups. Exposure to short-term high temperatures thus exhibits a considerable threat to conifer species in Central European forest production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kunert
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchInstitute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - P. Hajek
- GeobotanyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - P. Hietz
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchInstitute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - H. Morris
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchInstitute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - S. Rosner
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchInstitute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - D. Tholen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity ResearchInstitute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
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5
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White J, Morris H, Cortright L, Buckman C, Tumin D, Jamison S. Concordance of Data on Children's Unmet Health Care Needs Between 2 National Surveys. J Public Health Manag Pract 2022; 28:E155-E161. [PMID: 32810072 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We used public data from 2 national surveys to determine how survey mode and questionnaire wording potentially impact estimated prevalence and predictors of children's unmet health care needs. METHODS Data from 2016-2017 were obtained for the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), where interviewers ask caregivers about each type of unmet health care need in person, and the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), a self-administered questionnaire asking a general question about any unmet health care needs, with subparts about specific types of unmet needs. Weighted proportions and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze each data set. RESULTS The weighted proportion of any unmet health care needs was significantly higher in the NHIS (7.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0-8.1; N = 17 723) than in the NSCH (3.3%; 95% CI, 2.9-3.7; N = 65 766). When analyzing specific unmet needs, unmet need for dental care was significantly higher according to the NHIS (4.2% vs 1.9% in the NSCH), as was unmet need for vision care (1.7% vs 0.8%). Conversely, estimates of unmet need for medical care were comparable between the surveys (1.4% and 1.0%). On multivariable analysis, predictors of unmet health care needs, such as being uninsured, had effect sizes of similar magnitude in both surveys. CONCLUSION The NHIS design, asking about each type of unmet need in person, may have been more conducive to identifying the full range of unmet health care needs among children. However, our results did not indicate that this was a source of bias in multivariable regression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessiya White
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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6
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Morris H, Tumin D, Kroeger RA, Buckman C. Medical home access among children of parents in same-sex couples. Children's Health Care 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.2005599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | - Cierra Buckman
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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7
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Jones RM, Anyigbo C, Morris H, Tumin D, Jamison S. Does a Medical Home Buffer the Association between Child Poverty and Poor Health? J Health Care Poor Underserved 2021; 32:1935-1948. [PMID: 34803051 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2021.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of the medical home on health status and health care use among children living in poverty compared with children not living in poverty. METHODS Data from the 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health were used to examine the associations of having a medical home with health outcomes of interest, among children living in poverty and among children not living in poverty. RESULTS Among 69,039 children ages 0-17 years, children living in poverty had lower medical home access (31%) compared with those not living in poverty (50%). Medical home access was favorably associated with health outcomes, but the strength of these association did not vary according to poverty status. CONCLUSIONS Notwithstanding the efficacy of the medical home at promoting child health, children living in poverty did not have greater health benefits associated with medical home access compared with children not living in poverty.
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8
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Lev-Ari S, Kancheva I, Marston L, Morris H, Swingler T, Zaynudinova M. "Big" Sounds Bigger in More Widely Spoken Languages. Cogn Sci 2021; 45:e13059. [PMID: 34758146 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Larger communities face more communication barriers. We propose that languages spoken by larger communities adapt and overcome these greater barriers by increasing their reliance on sound symbolism, as sound symbolism can facilitate communication. To test whether widely spoken languages are more sound symbolic, participants listened to recordings of the words big and small in widely spoken and less common languages and guessed their meanings. Accuracy was higher for words from widely spoken languages providing evidence that widely spoken languages harbor more sound symbolism. Preliminary results also suggest that widely spoken languages rely on different sound symbolic patterns than less common languages. Community size can thus shape linguistic forms and influence the tools that languages use to facilitate communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Lev-Ari
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London
| | - Ivet Kancheva
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London
| | - Louise Marston
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London
| | - Hannah Morris
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London
| | - Teah Swingler
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London
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9
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Habiyaremye MA, Clary K, Morris H, Tumin D, Crotty J. Which Children Use School-Based Health Services as a Primary Source of Care? J Sch Health 2021; 91:876-882. [PMID: 34494271 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND School-based health centers (SBHCs) offer primary and preventive health care for children and adolescents. Using nationally representative data, we aimed to examine which child and family characteristics are associated with using school-based health care providers as the primary source of health care, and whether care received from these providers met the criteria for a medical home. METHODS Using data from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), we analyzed children's usual source of care (school-based provider, doctor's office or clinic, other location, or none), and whether they received care meeting medical home criteria. RESULTS Based on a sample of 64,710 children, 0.5% identified school-based providers as their primary source of health care. Children who were older, uninsured, or living in the Northeast were significantly more likely to report school-based providers as their usual source of care. Children whose usual source of care was a school-based provider were less likely to receive care meeting medical home criteria than children who usually received care at a doctor's office. CONCLUSIONS While SBHCs improve access to care, our findings indicate potential challenges with establishing a medical home for children who usually receive health care from a school-based provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Habiyaremye
- Department of Sociology, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Kathryn Clary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Duke University, 3710 Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Hannah Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Jennifer Crotty
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
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10
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Bruder A, Crossley K, Culvenor A, Guermazi A, Haberfield M, Morris H, Patterson B, Whitehead T. Should return to pivoting sport be avoided for the secondary prevention of osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction? J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Brown A, Quaile M, Morris H, Tumin D, Parker CL, Warren L, Wall B, Crickmore K, Ledoux M, Eldridge DL, Aikman I. Outpatient Follow-up Care After Hospital Discharge of Children With Complex Chronic Conditions at a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2021; 60:512-519. [PMID: 34541911 DOI: 10.1177/00099228211047242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with completion of recommended outpatient follow-up visits in children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) following hospital discharge. METHODS We retrospectively identified children aged 1 to 17 years diagnosed with a CCC who were discharged from our rural tertiary care children's hospital between 2017 and 2018 with a diagnosis meeting published CCC criteria. Patients discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit and patients enrolled in a care coordination program for technology-dependent children were excluded. RESULTS Of 113 eligible patients, 77 (68%) had outpatient follow-up consistent with discharge instructions. Intensive care unit (ICU) admission (P = .020) and prolonged length of stay (P = .004) were associated with decreased likelihood of completing recommended follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Among children with CCCs who were not already enrolled in a care coordination program, ICU admission was associated with increased risk of not completing recommended outpatient follow-up. This population could be targeted for expanded care coordination efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Quaile
- East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Clayten L Parker
- James and Connie Maynard Children's Hospital at Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lana Warren
- James and Connie Maynard Children's Hospital at Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Bennett Wall
- James and Connie Maynard Children's Hospital at Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kim Crickmore
- James and Connie Maynard Children's Hospital at Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Inga Aikman
- East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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12
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurs in women more than men whereas survival in men is worse than in women. In recent years, much research has been carried out to understand these sex differences in PAH. This article discusses clinical and preclinical studies that have investigated the influences of sex, serotonin, obesity, estrogen, estrogen synthesis, and estrogen metabolism on bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II signaling, the pulmonary circulation and right ventricle in both heritable and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Morris
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Nina Denver
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Rosemary Gaw
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Hicham Labazi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Kirsty Mair
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - Margaret R MacLean
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland.
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Abstract
Objective. To determine whether living in a family with medical financial hardship decreases children's access to health care. Methods. We identified children aged 4 to 17 years from the 2013 to 2018 National Health Interview Surveys. Medical financial hardship was defined as living in a family where one or more family members had problems paying medical bills in the past 12 months. Results. Of 53 483 children in the analysis, 19% were exposed to medical financial hardship. This was adversely associated with children's health status and health care use, especially greater odds of delaying care (odds ratio [OR] = 5.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.51-6.19) and having unmet health care needs (OR = 4.43; 95% CI = 4.00-4.91). Conclusions. One fifth of children live in families experiencing medical financial hardship, and this exposure is adversely correlated with child health outcomes even controlling for established measures of socioeconomic status, such as family income, health insurance coverage, and need-based program participation.
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Neves KB, Morris H, Alves-lopes R, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Abstract MP31: Peripheral Vascular Dysfunction In A Model Of Small Vessel Disease Of The Brain (CADASIL) Involves Impaired Redox-sensitive Cyclic GMP/PKG Signaling. Hypertension 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.mp31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CADASIL, a monogenic condition due to
Notch3
mutations, is a very aggressive small vessel disease of the brain resulting in premature vascular dementia and stroke. Changes in cerebral vessels include vascular dysfunction and narrowing, and accumulation of granular osmiophilic material (GOM). It is not clear whether small peripheral arteries undergo similar damage. Therefore, our aim is to assess vascular dysfunction and associated mechanisms in mesenteric resistance arteries from CADASIL mice. Mesenteric arteries (MA) from male CADASIL-causing
Notch3
mutation (TgNotch3
R169C
) and wildtype (TgNotch3
WT
) mice (6 months old) were investigated. GOM deposits in MA from CADASIL mice were identified by electron microscopy. mRNA expression of
Notch3
(WT: 2.0±0.5 vs. 6.0±1.3) and its downstream target HeyL (WT: 1.1±0.4 vs. 2.9±0.6) was augmented in CADASIL mice (p<0.01), suggesting increased Notch3 activation. CADASIL mice exhibited endothelial-dependent (Emax 109.9±7.4 vs. 81.3±5.4) and -independent dysfunction (pD
2
7.8±0.1 vs. 6.8±0.3); effects associated with increased eNOS inhibition (p-Thr
495
) (1.8-fold increase) and decreased cGMP levels (1.2±0.2 vs. 0.59±0.2) (p<0.05). Plasma lipid peroxidation (0.8±0.1 vs. 2.0±0.3; p<0.05) and vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (7.2±1.9 vs. 75.4±35.0; p<0.05) were increased in TgNotch3
R169C
mice; processes associated with upregulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) oxidation and decreased sGC activity. H
2
O
2
levels were decreased in TgNotch3
R169C
mice (1.9±0.2 vs. 1.1±1.9; p<0.05), which was associated with reduced activation of protein kinase G (PKG). Observations in TgNotch3
R169C
mice were recapitulated in human CADASIL, where ROS levels (0.8±0.1 vs. 4.1±2.7; p<0.05) and sGC oxidation were also increased. Our findings demonstrate that the vasculopathy associated with a CADASIL Notch3 gain-of-function mutation in peripheral small vessels involves reduction in eNOS activation and redox-sensitive processes leading to impaired sGC/cGMP signalling pathway. We identify a potential new therapeutic target in CADASIL, for which there are no disease-specific treatments.
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15
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McRea A, Moore B, Morris H, Cortright L, Buckman C, Tumin D, Baker KD. Human papillomavirus vaccine series follow-through: comparison of four clinics in an academic medical center. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 34:431-436. [PMID: 32870809 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2020-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective The Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) recommends that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series be initiated at ages 11-12 years, but many children never follow-through with the series. By examining differences in clinic-specific vaccine series follow-through rates across four clinics, we aimed to identify best practices related to communication around the vaccine and pathways to follow-through. Methods We used the electronic medical record (EMR) to retrospectively analyze HPV vaccine follow-through at four clinic settings. We limited the sample to children ages 11-17 who received a dose of the vaccine series at any of the clinics between January 2015 and June 2018. The primary outcome was follow-through of the HPV vaccine series within 18 months of initiation. Results A total of 3,813 patients were included in this study, 29% of which followed through with the HPV vaccine series. There was significant variability of vaccine follow-through among the clinics (p<0.001), with the Med/Peds clinic having the highest rate of follow-through (32%). After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariable analysis found that Med/Peds and Family Medicine had higher odds of HPV vaccine series follow-through than the Pediatrics clinic. Conclusions We found that the likelihood of vaccine series follow-through was highest when the series was started in the Med/Peds and Family Medicine clinics, compared to Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. These results suggest that further qualitative research is needed to understand what communication strategies are most effective at facilitating HPV vaccine uptake among adolescents, and how the most effective strategies can be shared among clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail McRea
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Brittney Moore
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Hannah Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, phone: 252-744-4773
| | - Lindsay Cortright
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, phone: 252-744-4773
| | - Cierra Buckman
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, phone: 252-744-4773
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, phone: 252-744-4773
| | - K Drew Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, phone: 252-744-4773
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16
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Morris H, Larsen J, Catterall E, Moss AC, Dombrowski SU. Peer pressure and alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK: a systematic qualitative review. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1014. [PMID: 32631278 PMCID: PMC7339443 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peer pressure to drink alcohol may influence excessive alcohol consumption, which can have adverse impacts on health and wellbeing. While peer pressure to drink alcohol is extensively studied among youth, less examination exists among adults. This systematic review examined qualitative research studies which explored the role and concept of peer pressure within the context of alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK. Methods Qualitative studies which explored peer pressure within the context of alcohol consumption or alcohol related behaviours and views in adults (age range approximately 18–52 years) living in the UK were included. Systematic searches conducted in Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science identified 1462 references, of which 13 studies met inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis was conducted. Results Five overarching themes were identified. Four of these themes directly address aspects of peer pressure, including: experiences of peer pressure; consequences of peer pressure; strategies to deal with peer pressure; and conditions perceived to affect peer pressure. The fifth overarching theme explains the wider social context influencing peer pressure. Pressure to drink alcohol affects individuals across the life span and can be experienced as overt and aggressive, or subtle and friendly. Those consuming little or no alcohol are more likely to feel overt forms of peer pressure. Some developed strategies to cope with pressure from drinkers. Peer pressure can result in feelings of social isolation, or giving in by consuming alcohol against ones wishes. Conclusion Peer pressure to drink alcohol is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon experienced across adulthood requiring better understanding to support initiatives to decrease the impact of pressure-inducing environments and develop strategies to deal with perceived pressure conditions. Trial Registration The protocol for this review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019122201). Registered 11 February 2019
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antony C Moss
- Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, London South Bank University, Devon, UK
| | - Stephan U Dombrowski
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, 90 Mackay Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada.
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17
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Morris H, Latchem-Hastings G. Final year physiotherapy studentś experiences of early mobilisation and rehabilitation for the critically ill patient. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Crudgington H, Rogers M, Morris H, Gringras P, Pal DK, Morris C. Epilepsy-specific patient-reported outcome measures of children's health-related quality of life: A systematic review of measurement properties. Epilepsia 2020; 61:230-248. [PMID: 31953859 PMCID: PMC7065094 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and appraise published evidence of the measurement properties for epilepsy-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of children's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS We searched multiple databases for studies evaluating the measurement properties of English-language epilepsy-specific PROMs of children's HRQoL. We assessed the methodological quality using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidance. We extracted data about the content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, proxy reliability, responsiveness, and precision, and assessed the measurement properties with reference to standardized criteria. RESULTS We identified 27 papers that evaluated 11 PROMs. Methodological quality was variable. Construct validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency were more commonly assessed. Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy (QoLCE) questionnaires are parent-reported and evaluated more than other PROMs; QoLCE-55 has good and replicated evidence for structural and construct validity and internal consistency. Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQoL) has both child and parent-reported versions and good evidence of content, structural, and construct validity. SIGNIFICANCE This review identified two leading candidate epilepsy-specific PROMs for measuring health-related quality of life in children. Establishing evidence of the responsiveness of PROMs is a priority to help the interpretation of meaningful change scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Crudgington
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Hannah Morris
- University of Exeter Medical SchoolUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Paul Gringras
- Evelina London Children's HospitalLondonUK
- KCL Institute for Women and Children's HealthLondonUK
| | - Deb K. Pal
- Basic and Clinical Neuroscience DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Evelina London Children's HospitalLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
- King's College HospitalLondonUK
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19
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Morris H, March B, Delprado W, McLeod N. Don't be fooled by the fat: A rare case of renal cell carcinoma with intratumoural fat. Urol Case Rep 2020; 30:101116. [PMID: 31993326 PMCID: PMC6971347 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2020.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumour composed of fat, smooth muscle and blood vessels. Radiologic evidence of macroscopic fat within a solid renal lesion on computed tomography was historically thought to be pathognomonic for this condition. Herein, we report a case of an incidental solid renal cell mass with multiple foci of intra-tumoral fat, which was shown to be a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at nephrectomy. Macroscopic fat within solid renal lesions does not exclude malignancy, evaluation of other radiologic features is necessary when RCC is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Morris
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Brayden March
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Warick Delprado
- Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2113, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia.,Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas McLeod
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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20
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Morris H, March B, Delprado W, McLeod N. Don't be fooled by the fat: A rare case of renal cell carcinoma with intratumoural fat. Urol Case Rep 2019; 30:101112. [PMID: 32021805 PMCID: PMC6992983 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal tumour composed of fat, smooth muscle and blood vessels. Radiologic evidence of macroscopic fat within a solid renal lesion on computed tomography was historically thought to be pathognomonic for this condition. Herein, we report a case of an incidental solid renal cell mass with multiple foci of intra-tumoral fat, which was shown to be a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at nephrectomy. Macroscopic fat within solid renal lesions does not exclude malignancy, evaluation of other radiologic features is necessary when RCC is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Morris
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Brayden March
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Warick Delprado
- Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2113, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia.,Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas McLeod
- Department of Urology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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21
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Thiex NJ, Erem TV, Amundson D, Boucher J, Clark A, Clark D, Coco P, Dow D, Fahey P, Hoffmann H, Mertens D, Morris H, Rittenhouse T, Wohla M. Determination of Water (Moisture) and Dry Matter in Animal Feed, Grain, and Forage (Plant Tissue) by Karl Fischer Titration: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.2.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A Karl Fischer method for determining water (dry matter) in animal feed and forages was collaboratively studied. Water was extracted from animal feed or forage material into methanol–formamide (1 + 1) directly in the Karl Fischer titration vessel by high-speed homogenization. The water was titrated at 50°C with one-component Karl Fischer reagent based on imidazole. Ten blind samples were sent to 9 collaborators in the United States, Canada, and Germany. The within-laboratory relative standard deviation (repeatability) ranged from 1.14 to 6.99% for water or from 0.09 to 0.56% for dry matter. Among-laboratory (including within-) relative standard deviation (reproducibility) ranged from 5.35 to 10.73%, or from 0.44 to 0.77% for dry matter. The authors recommend that the method be adopted as Official First Action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL. A comparable alternative extraction procedure using boiling methanol is also recommended for Official First Action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Thiex
- South Dakota State University, Oscar E. Olson Biochemistry Laboratories, Box 2170, ASC 151, Brookings, SD 57007
| | - Terri van Erem
- South Dakota State University, Oscar E. Olson Biochemistry Laboratories, Box 2170, ASC 151, Brookings, SD 57007
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22
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Neves KB, Morris H, Alves-Lopes R, Joutel A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Abstract 052: Rho Kinase and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediate Peripheral Vascular Dysfunction in a Model of Small Vessel Disease of the Brain. Hypertension 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.74.suppl_1.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CADASIL, a monogenic condition due to
Notch3
mutations is a small vessel disease of the brain resulting in premature vascular dementia and stroke. CADASIL patients have cerebral vascular narrowing, progressive SMCs loss and granular osmiophilic material (GOM) deposition, however it is unclear whether peripheral arteries also exhibit dysfunction. We studied mice harbouring the CADASIL-causing
Notch3
mutation (TgNotch3
R169C
), which recapitulates human CADASIL, to evaluate whether peripheral small arteries exhibit vascular dysfunction. Mesenteric arteries (MA) from male TgNotch3
R169C
and wildtype (TgNotch3
WT
) mice (6 months old) were investigated. Vascular structure and function were assessed by myography. No changes were observed in blood pressure and cardiac function in CADASIL mice, measured by tail cuff and echocardiography respectively. Expression of
Notch3
and target genes was augmented in MA from CADASIL mice (
Notch3
: 2.0±0.5 vs. 6.0±1.3; HeyL: 1.1±0.4 vs. 2.9±0.6, p<0.01). CADASIL mice exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent (Emax 109.9±7.4 vs. 81.3±5.4) and -independent (pD
2
7.8±0.1 vs 6.8±0.3) relaxation and increased reactivity in response to AngII (Emax 33.7±6.8 vs. 72.8±4.4), phenylephrine (Emax: 70.6±7.2 vs. 92.1±4.2), and U46619 (Emax: 123.4±4.4 vs. 215.1±24.4) (p<0.05 vs TgNotch3
WT
); effects attenuated by fasudil (Rho-kinase inhibitor) and 4-PBA (ER stress inhibitor) (p<0.05 vs. TgNotch3
R169C
). MA from CADASIL mice also had hypotrophic remodelling. U46619-induced calcium influx was increased in VSMCs (AUC: 1.3 fold increase) from TgNotch3
R169C
and gene expression of Rho GEFs (LARG: 1.1±0.1 vs. 2.1±0.3; PDZ: 0.9±0.1 vs. 2.9±0.4) was increased in MA from TgNotch3
R169C
vs. TgNotch3
WT
mice (p<0.05). eNOS phosphorylation (Thr
495
) and BiP expression (ER stress marker) were increased in vessels from CADASIL mice (eNOS: 1.8 fold increase; Bip: 1.7 fold increase; p<0.05 vs. TgNotch3
WT
). In conclusion, our data demonstrated that the vasculopathy associated with
Notch3
mutation is also present in peripheral small vessels where the interplay between Notch3, Rho-kinase and ER stress may be important. We identify potential new therapeutic targets in CADASIL, for which there are no disease-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Joutel
- Inserm U1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, Paris, France
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23
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Philips L, Taylor I, Mowat V, Morris H, Rye P. P276 Long term toxicity studies confirm good safety profile for OligoG dry powder for inhalation. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Morris H, Lanati S, Gilbert R. Challenges of administrative data linkages: experiences of Administrative Data Research Centre for England (ADRC-E) researchers. Int J Popul Data Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v3i2.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLinkage between administrative datasets routinely collected by government departments and other statutory bodies create rich resources for policy-relevant research. We describe how ADRC-E has achieved linkage between health and education data for England, and the challenges presented by this process.
MethodsA key task of ADRC-E is to progress exemplar studies of novel data linkages, and build relationships with data providers. While navigating untested data application and permission processes, ADRC-E researchers have maintained detailed timelines and developed a framework to improve the efficiency of future applications.
ResultsThe ADRC-E has approval to link four one-year birth cohorts of the National Pupil Database and Hospital Episode Statistics to facilitate research into outcomes for children with chronic conditions. The timeline of 3 years and 4 months represents 6 face-to-face meetings and 108 email and telephone correspondences. The technical challenges of data linkage have yet to be overcome before we receive data for research. Other examples of data timelines for cross-sectoral data linkage requests will be reported.
ConclusionsThe shifting legal landscape governing the use of personal data, and a lack of precedent mean that unlocking administrative data for research requires substantial time, diligence and expertise on the part of both researcher and data provider.
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25
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Wallach
- University of the Sciences, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - H Morris
- University of the Sciences, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - S D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K
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27
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Abstract
As policy directives gather pace for service provision to be delivered in primary care, district nursing has not been recognised as a valuable asset to facilitate this agenda. Investment in district nursing and specialist district nursing education has fallen. This is concurrent with an ageing district nursing workforce, a lack of recruitment and growing caseloads, as district nursing adapts to meet the challenges of the complexities of contemporary healthcare in the community. The district nurse role is complex and multifaceted and includes working collaboratively and creatively to coordinate care. Redressing the shortages of specialist district nurse practitioners with increased numbers of health care support workers will not replace the skill, knowledge, experience required to meet the complex care needs of today's society. District nursing needs to be reinstated as the valuable asset it is, through renewed investment in the service, research development and in specialist practice education. To prevent extinction district nurses need to be able to demonstrate and articulate the complexities and dynamisms of the role to reinstate themselves to their commissioners as a valuable asset for contemporary practice that can meet current health and social care needs effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Morris
- University of Brighton, School of Health Sciences, Westlain House, Village Way, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9PH, United Kingdom.
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28
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Hawks J, Elliott M, Schmid P, Churchill SE, Ruiter DJD, Roberts EM, Hilbert-Wolf H, Garvin HM, Williams SA, Delezene LK, Feuerriegel EM, Randolph-Quinney P, Kivell TL, Laird MF, Tawane G, DeSilva JM, Bailey SE, Brophy JK, Meyer MR, Skinner MM, Tocheri MW, VanSickle C, Walker CS, Campbell TL, Kuhn B, Kruger A, Tucker S, Gurtov A, Hlophe N, Hunter R, Morris H, Peixotto B, Ramalepa M, Rooyen DV, Tsikoane M, Boshoff P, Dirks PH, Berger LR. New fossil remains of Homo naledi from the Lesedi Chamber, South Africa. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28483039 PMCID: PMC5423776 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rising Star cave system has produced abundant fossil hominin remains within the Dinaledi Chamber, representing a minimum of 15 individuals attributed to Homo naledi. Further exploration led to the discovery of hominin material, now comprising 131 hominin specimens, within a second chamber, the Lesedi Chamber. The Lesedi Chamber is far separated from the Dinaledi Chamber within the Rising Star cave system, and represents a second depositional context for hominin remains. In each of three collection areas within the Lesedi Chamber, diagnostic skeletal material allows a clear attribution to H. naledi. Both adult and immature material is present. The hominin remains represent at least three individuals based upon duplication of elements, but more individuals are likely present based upon the spatial context. The most significant specimen is the near-complete cranium of a large individual, designated LES1, with an endocranial volume of approximately 610 ml and associated postcranial remains. The Lesedi Chamber skeletal sample extends our knowledge of the morphology and variation of H. naledi, and evidence of H. naledi from both recovery localities shows a consistent pattern of differentiation from other hominin species.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hawks
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States
| | - Marina Elliott
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Peter Schmid
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Anthropological Institute and Museum, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Steven E Churchill
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Darryl J de Ruiter
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - Eric M Roberts
- Geosciences, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Hannah Hilbert-Wolf
- Geosciences, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Heather M Garvin
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology/Archaeology, Mercyhurst University, Erie, United States.,Department of Applied Forensic Sciences, Mercyhurst University, Erie, United States
| | - Scott A Williams
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States.,New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, United States
| | - Lucas K Delezene
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, United States
| | - Elen M Feuerriegel
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Patrick Randolph-Quinney
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa.,School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy L Kivell
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Myra F Laird
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Gaokgatlhe Tawane
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Jeremy M DeSilva
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | - Shara E Bailey
- Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States.,New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, United States
| | - Juliet K Brophy
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, United States
| | - Marc R Meyer
- Department of Anthropology, Chaffey College, Rancho Cucamonga, United States
| | - Matthew M Skinner
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthew W Tocheri
- Department of Anthropology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada.,Human Origins Program, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States
| | - Caroline VanSickle
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States.,Department of Anthropology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, United States
| | - Christopher S Walker
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, United States.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States
| | - Timothy L Campbell
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - Brian Kuhn
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ashley Kruger
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Steven Tucker
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Alia Gurtov
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States
| | - Nompumelelo Hlophe
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Rick Hunter
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Hannah Morris
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, United States
| | - Becca Peixotto
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa.,Department of Anthropology, American University, Washington, United States
| | - Maropeng Ramalepa
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Dirk van Rooyen
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Mathabela Tsikoane
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Pedro Boshoff
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
| | - Paul Hgm Dirks
- Geosciences, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Lee R Berger
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
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29
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Vachharajani AJ, Vachharajani NA, Morris H, Niesen A, Elward A, Linck DA, Mathur AM. Reducing peripherally inserted central catheters in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinatol 2017; 37:409-413. [PMID: 28079867 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2016.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to safely reduce the number of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) inserted in infants with umbilical venous catheter using quality improvement methods. STUDY DESIGN In a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit, a questionnaire designed to prompt critical thinking around the decision to place a PICC, along with an updated standardized feeding guideline was introduced. PICC insertion in 86 infants with umbilical venous catheter (pre intervention) with birth weight 1000-1500 g were compared with 115 infants (post intervention) using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS PICC lines inserted after the intervention decreased by 37.5% (67/86; 77.9% vs 56/115; 48.7%; P<0.001). The proportion of central line-associated blood stream infection were 2.49 vs 2.82/1000 umbilical venous catheter days; P=0.91 in the two epochs, respectively. CONCLUSION Quality improvement methodology was successful in significantly reducing the number of PICCs inserted without an increase in central line-associated blood stream infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Vachharajani
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - N A Vachharajani
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Morris
- St Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Niesen
- St Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Elward
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - D A Linck
- St Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A M Mathur
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Simpson S, Mina S, Morris H, Mahendran S, Taylor B, Boggild M. The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Isle of Man: 2006-2011. Acta Neurol Scand 2015; 132:381-8. [PMID: 25891133 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine the prevalence of MS on the Isle of Man in 2006 and 2011, and the incidence and mortality rates over this interval. METHODS Cases were identified by hospital medical record review, General Practitioners and the local MS Society. The significance of the change in prevalence over time and the significance of differences in frequencies by sex and place of birth were assessed by Poisson regression. RESULTS The 2006 prevalence was 153.64 per 100,000 persons and the 2011 prevalence was 179.89. The prevalence was higher among females and persons born in the Isle of Man at both time points. The 2006-2011 incidence rate was 6.86 per 100,000 person-years, much higher among females and persons born in the Isle of Man. The prevalence sex ratios in 2006 and 2011, 2.77 and 2.59, respectively, and the incidence sex ratio, 2.19, are similar to others found in the region. The mortality rate over the study period was 2.84 per 100,000 person-years, this solely among persons born overseas. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of MS epidemiology in the Isle of Man, finding this area to be of high prevalence and to have one of the highest incidence rates in the UK region.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Simpson
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania; University of Tasmania; Hobart TAS Australia
| | - S. Mina
- Noble's Hospital; Douglas Isle of Man
| | - H. Morris
- Noble's Hospital; Douglas Isle of Man
| | - S. Mahendran
- Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery; Liverpool UK
| | - B. Taylor
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania; University of Tasmania; Hobart TAS Australia
| | - M. Boggild
- Department of Neurology; Townsville Hospital; Douglas QLD Australia
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Dirks PHGM, Berger LR, Roberts EM, Kramers JD, Hawks J, Randolph-Quinney PS, Elliott M, Musiba CM, Churchill SE, de Ruiter DJ, Schmid P, Backwell LR, Belyanin GA, Boshoff P, Hunter KL, Feuerriegel EM, Gurtov A, Harrison JDG, Hunter R, Kruger A, Morris H, Makhubela TV, Peixotto B, Tucker S. Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26354289 PMCID: PMC4559842 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the physical context of the Dinaledi Chamber within the Rising Star cave, South Africa, which contains the fossils of Homo naledi. Approximately 1550 specimens of hominin remains have been recovered from at least 15 individuals, representing a small portion of the total fossil content. Macro-vertebrate fossils are exclusively H. naledi, and occur within clay-rich sediments derived from in situ weathering, and exogenous clay and silt, which entered the chamber through fractures that prevented passage of coarser-grained material. The chamber was always in the dark zone, and not accessible to non-hominins. Bone taphonomy indicates that hominin individuals reached the chamber complete, with disarticulation occurring during/after deposition. Hominins accumulated over time as older laminated mudstone units and sediment along the cave floor were eroded. Preliminary evidence is consistent with deliberate body disposal in a single location, by a hominin species other than Homo sapiens, at an as-yet unknown date. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09561.001 Modern humans, or Homo sapiens, are now the only living species in their genus. But as recently as 20,000 years ago there were other species that belonged to the genus Homo. Together with modern humans, these extinct human species, our immediate ancestors and their close relatives are collectively referred to as ‘hominins’. Now, Dirks et al. describe an unusual collection of hominin fossils that were found within the Dinaledi Chamber in the Rising Star cave system in South Africa. The fossils all belong to a newly discovered hominin species called Homo naledi, which is described in a related study by Berger et al. The unearthed fossils are the largest collection of hominin fossils from a single species ever to be discovered in Africa, and include the remains of at least 15 individuals and multiple examples of most of the bones in the skeleton. Dirks et al. explain that the assemblage from the Dinaledi Chamber is unusual because of the large number of fossils discovered so close together in a single chamber deep within the cave system. It is also unusual that no other large animal remains were found in the chamber, and that the bodies had not been damaged by scavengers or predators. The fossils were excavated from soft clay-rich sediments that had accumulated in the chamber over time; it also appears that the bodies were intact when they arrived in the chamber, and then started to decompose. Dirks et al. discuss a number of explanations as to how the remains came to rest in the Dinaledi Chamber, which range from whether Homo naledi lived in the caves to whether they were brought in by predators. Most of the evidence obtained so far is largely consistent with these bodies being deliberately disposed of in this single location by the same extinct hominin species. However, a number of other explanations cannot be completely ruled out and further investigation is now needed to uncover the series of events that resulted in this unique collection of hominin fossils. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09561.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H G M Dirks
- Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Lee R Berger
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eric M Roberts
- Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Jan D Kramers
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - John Hawks
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Patrick S Randolph-Quinney
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marina Elliott
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Charles M Musiba
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Steven E Churchill
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Darryl J de Ruiter
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Peter Schmid
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lucinda R Backwell
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Georgy A Belyanin
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pedro Boshoff
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - K Lindsay Hunter
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elen M Feuerriegel
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alia Gurtov
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - James du G Harrison
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rick Hunter
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ashley Kruger
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hannah Morris
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tebogo V Makhubela
- Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Becca Peixotto
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Steven Tucker
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, National Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Horowitz M, Morris H. In memoriam: B. E. Christopher Nordin. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2049-50. [PMID: 26092066 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Horowitz
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Elliott SP, Brandt SD, Wallach J, Morris H, Kavanagh PV. First Reported Fatalities Associated with the 'Research Chemical' 2-Methoxydiphenidine. J Anal Toxicol 2015; 39:287-93. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Culvenor A, Collins N, Vicenzino B, Cook J, Whitehead T, Morris H, Crossley K. Factors associated with anterior knee pain 12 months follow hamstring tendon autograft ACL reconstruction. J Sci Med Sport 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.11.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kawai T, Sachs DH, Sprangers B, Spitzer TR, Saidman SL, Zorn E, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Preffer F, Crisalli K, Gao B, Wong W, Morris H, LoCascio SA, Sayre P, Shonts B, Williams WW, Smith RN, Colvin RB, Sykes M, Cosimi AB. Long-term results in recipients of combined HLA-mismatched kidney and bone marrow transplantation without maintenance immunosuppression. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1599-611. [PMID: 24903438 PMCID: PMC4228952 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report here the long-term results of HLA-mismatched kidney transplantation without maintenance immunosuppression (IS) in 10 subjects following combined kidney and bone marrow transplantation. All subjects were treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning and an 8- to 14-month course of calcineurin inhibitor with or without rituximab. All 10 subjects developed transient chimerism, and in seven of these, IS was successfully discontinued for 4 or more years. Currently, four subjects remain IS free for periods of 4.5-11.4 years, while three required reinstitution of IS after 5-8 years due to recurrence of original disease or chronic antibody-mediated rejection. Of the 10 renal allografts, three failed due to thrombotic microangiopathy or rejection. When compared with 21 immunologically similar living donor kidney recipients treated with conventional IS, the long-term IS-free survivors developed significantly fewer posttransplant complications. Although most recipients treated with none or two doses of rituximab developed donor-specific antibody (DSA), no DSA was detected in recipients treated with four doses of rituximab. Although further revisions of the current conditioning regimen are planned in order to improve consistency of the results, this study shows that long-term stable kidney allograft survival without maintenance IS can be achieved following transient mixed chimerism induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Kawai
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Corresponding author: Tatsuo Kawai,
| | - D. H. Sachs
- Transplantation Biology Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - B. Sprangers
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - T. R. Spitzer
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - S. L. Saidman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - E. Zorn
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - N. Tolkoff-Rubin
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - F. Preffer
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - K. Crisalli
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - B. Gao
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - W. Wong
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - H. Morris
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - S. A. LoCascio
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - P. Sayre
- Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, CA
| | - B. Shonts
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - W. W. Williams
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - R.-N. Smith
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - R. B. Colvin
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - M. Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - A. B. Cosimi
- Transplant Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Marrinan S, Bajaj N, Barker R, Ben-Shlomo Y, Emmanuel A, Foltynie T, Grosset D, Morris H, Williams N, Wood N, Burn D. 131 * GASTROPARESIS SYMPTOMS IN EARLY PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu047.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Peall K, Smith D, Kurian M, Wardle M, Waite A, Hedderly T, Lin J, Smith M, Whone A, Pall H, White C, Lux A, Jardine P, Bajaj N, Lynch B, Kirov G, O'Riordan S, Samuel M, Lynch T, King M, Chinnery P, Warner T, Blake D, Owen M, Morris H. ARE PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS A CORE PHENOTYPE OF MYOCLONUS DYSTONIA SYNDROME CAUSED BY SGCE MUTATIONS? J Neurol Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306103.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ryan N, Biessels G, Bastos-Leite A, Beck J, Mead S, Morris H, Schott JM, Rossor MN, Fox NC. 1130 White matter lesions in familial Alzheimer's disease: evidence for influence of mutation position on amyloid angiopathy? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Morris H, Pearson JP, Kilarski LL, Wickremaratchi MM, Knipe MDW, Newsway V, Williams NM, Ben-Shlomo Y. 1636 Prevalence of mutations in parkin, PINK1, DJ-1 and LRRK2 in early onset Parkinson's Disease: a UK based study and systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Morris H, Crossley K, Makdissi M, Lai C, Gabbe B. Hamstring tendon autograft does not protect the patellofemoral joint from osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: 7 year follow-up. J Sci Med Sport 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Morris H, Morgan MD, Wood AM, Smith SW, Ekeowa UI, Herrmann K, Holle JU, Guillevin L, Lomas DA, Perez J, Pusey CD, Salama AD, Stockley R, Wieczorek S, McKnight AJ, Maxwell AP, Miranda E, Williams J, Savage CO, Harper L. ANCA-associated vasculitis is linked to carriage of the Z allele of α₁ antitrypsin and its polymers. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70:1851-6. [PMID: 21821620 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2011.153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small studies have linked α1 antitrypsin (α1AT) deficiency to patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). OBJECTIVE To test the validity and the mechanism of this association between α1AT and AAV. METHODS The distribution of α1AT deficiency alleles Z and S was compared between 856 White Europeans with AAV and 1505 geographic and ethnically matched healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS were compared between cases and controls using χ(2) tests. The serum and renal biopsies for α1AT polymers were compared using the polymer-specific 2C1 antibody. The role of α1AT polymers in promoting inflammation was investigated by examining their ability to prime neutrophils for ANCA activation as assessed by CD62L shedding, superoxide production and myeloperoxidase degranulation. Results The Z but not the S allele was over-represented in the patients compared with controls (HR=2.25, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.19). Higher concentrations of polymers of α1AT were detected in serum from patients carrying the Z allele than in those not carrying the Z allele (median (IQR) 1.40 (0.91-3.32) mg/dl vs 0.17 (0.06-0.28) mg/dl, p<0.001); polymers of α1AT were also seen in the renal biopsy of a patient with vasculitic glomerulonephritis. Polymers of α1AT primed neutrophils with CD62L shedding and increased superoxide production following ANCA activation. Carriage of the Z allele was not associated with disease severity, survival or relapse. CONCLUSIONS The Z but not the S deficiency allele is associated with AAV. Polymers of α1AT are present in the serum and glomeruli of at least some patients with the Z allele, which may promote inflammation through priming of neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Morris
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Goff I, Coady D, Wright D, Mooney J, Poland F, Spalding N, Scott DGI, Watts R, Aquilina D, Walker D, Margham T, Bracewell C, Vila J, Burridge D, Coady D, Morris H, Ryan C, Lauchlan D, Field M, Lutalo PM, Davies U, Nandagudi A, Bruce J, Dabrera MG, Fleming CA, O'Connor MB, Bond U, Swan J, Phelan MJ, Hughes M, Amin R, Watson P, Pocock J, Gaffney K, Rao VK, Bhaskar S, Tosounidou S, Chaudhuri K, Nicolaou M, Amstrong R, Hassell AB, Walker D, Birrell F. Education research: 33. Evaluation of the First BSR Ultrasound Anatomy Training Course. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Morris H. The Bradshaw Lecture ON CANCER AND ITS ORIGIN: Delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons on December 9th. Br Med J 2011; 2:1505-11. [PMID: 20761233 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2241.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Morris H. The HUNTERIAN LECTURES on the SURGERY of the KIDNEY: Delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Br Med J 2011; 1:809-15. [PMID: 20757724 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.1943.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Crossley K, Lai C, Lentzos J, Gabbe B, Morris H, Tan C, Pandy M, Brukner P, Makdissi M. Hamstring tendon autograft does not protect the patellofemoral joint from osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: 7 year follow-up. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cohen L, Morris H, Vaughan D. Correspondence: Bench study of ventilation in simulated upper airway obstruction. Anaesthesia 2010; 65:952; author reply 952-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roberts C, Thompson S, Furness D, Lee S, Anderson P, Morris H, Dekker G. Season, vitamin D-related genes and maternal circulating 25OH vitamin D3 associate with pregnancy complications in an Australian population. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jomová K, Kysel O, Madden J, Morris H, Enoch S, Budzak S, Young A, Cronin M, Mazur M, Valko M. Electron transfer from all-trans β-carotene to the t-butyl peroxyl radical at low oxygen pressure (an EPR spectroscopy and computational study). Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Morris H, Thomas J. Nutritional aspects of colorectal cancer surgery care in a district general hospital. J Hum Nutr Diet 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2009.00952_20.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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