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McNeely A, Borchers L, Szeszulski J, Eicher-Miller HA, Seguin-Fowler RA, MacMillan Uribe A. The role of the community café in addressing food security: Perceptions of managers and directors. Appetite 2024; 196:107274. [PMID: 38364971 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In the United States, the pay-what-you-can restaurant model (community cafes) is an increasingly popular approach to addressing food insecurity in local communities. We conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 13) with community café executive managers and directors to assess their perceptions of the role that their cafes play in addressing food security (FS). Analysis of interviews revealed two major areas of emphasis by participants. Filling an unoccupied space in the food security landscape. Interviewees regularly cited the goal of making meals available through a dependable schedule, convenient location, and welcoming atmosphere for guests to promote regular visits to the café, and they did so with an awareness of how their practices were shaped by perceived shortcomings in comparable services. In addition, guest agency and social aspects of the café as components of utilization, was another major area. Interviewees often regarded the opportunity of the food insecure guest to choose healthy options (i.e., nutritionally dense) over less healthful ones (i.e., calorically dense) from the menu as a critical component of their service. The social component of the café (e.g., community atmosphere, 'dining-out' experience) was another aspect of the café's function that promoted dignity for the guest which can lead to greater likelihood of return visits. Perceptions shared by participants of the café's role in addressing food security suggest that rather than simply adding to the available options of hunger relief services, the café model attempts to address many areas of concern, such as structural and cultural barriers, found in the traditional forms of charitable food provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McNeely
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife Dallas Research Center, 17360 Coit Rd., Dallas, TX, 75252, USA
| | - Lori Borchers
- Texas Christian University Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Annie Richardson Bass Building 2101, 2800 W Bowie St, Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
| | - Jacob Szeszulski
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife Dallas Research Center, 17360 Coit Rd., Dallas, TX, 75252, USA
| | - Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Purdue University, Department of Nutrition Science, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, 500 Research Parkway Centeq Building B, Suite 270, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Alexandra MacMillan Uribe
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife Dallas Research Center, 17360 Coit Rd., Dallas, TX, 75252, USA.
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Germino J, Szymanski A, Eicher-Miller HA, Metoyer R, Chawla NV. Corrigendum: A community focused approach toward making healthy and affordable daily diet recommendations. Front Big Data 2024; 7:1396638. [PMID: 38638341 PMCID: PMC11024675 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2024.1396638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2023.1086212.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Germino
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Annalisa Szymanski
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | | | - Ronald Metoyer
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Nitesh V. Chawla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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Johnson AF, Lamontagne N, Bhupathiraju SN, Brown AG, Eicher-Miller HA, Fulgoni VL, Rehm CD, Tucker KL, Woteki CE, Ohlhorst SD. Workshop summary: building an NHANES for the future. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1075-1081. [PMID: 38331096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The American Society for Nutrition's (ASN) Committee on Advocacy and Science Policy (CASP) organized a workshop, "Building a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the Future," held during NUTRITION 2023, which took place in Boston, MA in July 2023. CASP had already identified an urgent need for increased support and modernization to ensure that a secure future for NHANES is achievable. The survey faces challenges associated with data collection, stagnant funding, and a need for more granular data for subpopulations and groups at risk. The workshop provided an overview of NHANES, including the nutrition component, and the many other uses for the survey's data, which extend beyond nutrition. Speakers highlighted NHANES's current and emerging challenges, as well as possible solutions to address these challenges, especially with regard to response rates of underrepresented groups, linkage of survey data to other resources, incorporation of new survey methodologies, and emerging data needs. The workshop also included a "Town Hall" component to gather additional feedback on NHANES' challenges and proposed solutions from audience members. The workshop provided many possible action items that ASN will explore and use to inform effective continued advocacy in support of NHANES and to find possible opportunities for ASN and others to partner with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics to strengthen this vital survey and maintain its robust and relevant data moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shilpa N Bhupathiraju
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alison Gm Brown
- Clinical Applications and Preventions Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Colin D Rehm
- Research & Development, PepsiCo, Inc., Purchase, NY, United States
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Catherine E Woteki
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Lin L, Guo J, Gelfand SB, Bhadra A, Delp EJ, Richards EA, Hennessy E, Eicher-Miller HA. Temporal Dietary Pattern Cluster Membership Varies on Weekdays and Weekends but Both Link to Health. J Nutr 2024; 154:722-733. [PMID: 38160806 PMCID: PMC10900253 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy and dietary quality are known to differ between weekdays and weekends. Data-driven approaches that incorporate time, amount, and duration of dietary intake have previously been used to partition participants' daily weekday dietary intake time series into clusters representing weekday temporal dietary patterns (TDPs) linked to health indicators in United States adults. Yet, neither the relationship of weekend day TDPs to health indicators nor how the TDP membership may change from weekday to weekend is known. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine the association between TDPs on weekdays and weekend days and health indicators [diet quality, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and obesity] and their overlap among participants. METHODS A weekday and weekend day 24-hour dietary recall of 9494 nonpregnant United States adults aged 20-65 years from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018 was used to determine the timing and amount of energy intake. Modified dynamic time warping and kernel k-means algorithm clustered participants into 4 TDPs on weekdays and weekend days. Multivariate regression models determined the associations between TDPs and health indicators, controlling for potential confounders and adjusting for the survey design and multiple comparisons. The percentages of overlap in cluster membership between TDPs on weekdays and weekend days were also determined. RESULTS United States adults with a TDP of evenly spaced, energy-balanced eating occasions, representing the TDP of more than one-third of all adults on weekdays and weekends, had significantly higher diet quality, lower BMI, WC, and odds of obesity when compared to those with other TDPs. Membership of most United States adults to TDPs varied from weekdays to weekends. CONCLUSIONS Both weekday and weekend TDPs were significantly associated with health indicators. TDP membership of most United States adults was not consistent on weekdays and weekends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luotao Lin
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | | | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Shea MK, Barger K, Rogers GT, Talegawkar SA, Eicher-Miller HA, Booth SL. Dietary Intakes of Community-Dwelling Adults in the United States across Older Adulthood: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-March 2020. J Nutr 2024; 154:691-696. [PMID: 38101520 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary guidance is set on the basis of age and life stage and defines older adults as ≥60 y. Yet, little is known about if and/or how diet quality differs beyond the age of 60. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the dietary intakes of 60-69 (n = 2079), 70-79 (n = 1181), and 80+ y old (n = 644) noninstitutionalized men and women in the United States using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI) and the What We Eat in America food categories. METHODS Data were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016 and 2017-March 2020. HEI and component scores were calculated using the population ratio method. Population estimates for dietary intake were calculated as the average reported over 2 separate nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS In men and women, the reported energy intake was lower among the 80+ y olds (kcal/d men-80+: 1884 ± 30, 70-79: 2022 ± 33, 60-69: 2142 ± 39; women-80+: 1523 ± 36; 70-79: 1525 ± 33, 60-69: 1650 ± 25; P-trend < 0.001). Total HEI scores did not differ significantly across the 3 age categories, but the 80+ y olds had significantly lower scores for the green vegetables and beans component than the 60-69 y olds [men-mean (95% confidence interval): 2.0 (1.5, 2.5) compared with 3.4 (2.6, 4.1); women-2.3 (1.8, 2.8) compared with 4.4 (3.7, 5.0)]. In women, the percentage of daily calories from protein was significantly lower in the 80+ y olds than in the 60-69 and 70-79 y olds (12.9% ± 0.6%, compared with 17.0% ± 0.9% and 15.6% ± 0.6%, respectively). Protein intake did not differ significantly among the 3 age groups in men. The 80+ y old men and women reported consuming a significantly higher percentage of calories from snacks and sweets compared with the 60-69 y olds (men-80+: 18.1% ± 0.8%, 60-69: 15.4% ± 0.7%; women-80+: 19.6% ± 0.8%, 60-69: 15.5% ± 0.7%). CONCLUSION The diet of 80+ y olds differed from that of 60-69 y olds in some key components, including energy, snacks and sweets, protein, and green vegetables. Future research is needed to determine if there are health-related consequences to these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyla Shea
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gail T Rogers
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sameera A Talegawkar
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, the George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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Lin L, Guo J, Bhadra A, Gelfand SB, Delp EJ, Richards EA, Hennessy E, Eicher-Miller HA. Temporal Patterns of Diet and Physical Activity and of Diet Alone Have More Numerous Relationships With Health and Disease Status Indicators Compared to Temporal Patterns of Physical Activity Alone. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1729-1748.e3. [PMID: 37437807 PMCID: PMC10789913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily temporal patterns of energy intake (temporal dietary patterns [TDPs]) and physical activity (temporal physical activity patterns [TPAPs]) have been independently and jointly (temporal dietary and physical activity patterns [TDPAPs]) associated with health and disease status indicators. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the number and strength of association between clusters of daily TDPs, TPAPs, and TDPAPs and multiple health and disease status indicators. DESIGN This cross-sectional study used 1 reliable weekday dietary recall and 1 random weekday of accelerometer data to partition to create clusters of participants representing the 3 temporal patterns. Four clusters were created via kernel-k means clustering algorithm of the same constrained dynamic time warping distance computed over the time series for each temporal pattern. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2006), 1,836 US adults aged 20 through 65 years who were not pregnant and had valid diet, physical activity, sociodemographic, anthropometric, questionnaire, and health and disease status indicator data were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Health status indicators used as outcome measures were body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure; disease status indicators included obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Multivariate regression models determined associations between the clusters representing each pattern and health and disease status indicators, controlling for confounders and adjusting for multiple comparisons. The number of significant differences among clusters and adjusted R2 and Akaike information criterion compared the strength of associations between clusters of patterns and continuous and categorical health and disease status indicators. RESULTS TDPAPs showed 21 significant associations with health and disease status indicators, including body mass index, waist circumference, obesity, and type 2 diabetes; TDPs showed 19 significant associations; and TPAPs showed 8 significant associations. CONCLUSIONS TDPAPs and TDPs had stronger and more numerous associations with health and disease status indicators compared with TPAPs. Patterns representing the integration of daily dietary habits hold promise for early detection of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Germino J, Szymanski A, Eicher-Miller HA, Metoyer R, Chawla NV. A community focused approach toward making healthy and affordable daily diet recommendations. Front Big Data 2023; 6:1086212. [PMID: 38025946 PMCID: PMC10661405 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2023.1086212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maintaining an affordable and nutritious diet can be challenging, especially for those living under the conditions of poverty. To fulfill a healthy diet, consumers must make difficult decisions within a complicated food landscape. Decisions must factor information on health and budget constraints, the food supply and pricing options at local grocery stores, and nutrition and portion guidelines provided by government services. Information to support food choice decisions is often inconsistent and challenging to find, making it difficult for consumers to make informed, optimal decisions. This is especially true for low-income and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) households which have additional time and cost constraints that impact their food purchases and ultimately leave them more susceptible to malnutrition and obesity. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how the integration of data from local grocery stores and federal government databases can be used to assist specific communities in meeting their unique health and budget challenges. Methods We discuss many of the challenges of integrating multiple data sources, such as inconsistent data availability and misleading nutrition labels. We conduct a case study using linear programming to identify a healthy meal plan that stays within a limited SNAP budget and also adheres to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Finally, we explore the main drivers of cost of local food products with emphasis on the nutrients determined by the USDA as areas of focus: added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium. Results and discussion Our case study results suggest that such an optimization model can be used to facilitate food purchasing decisions within a given community. By focusing on the community level, our results will inform future work navigating the complex networks of food information to build global recommendation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Germino
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Annalisa Szymanski
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | | | - Ronald Metoyer
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Nitesh V. Chawla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucy Family Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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Bailey RL, Jun S, Cowan AE, Eicher-Miller HA, Gahche JJ, Dwyer JT, Hartman TJ, Mitchell DC, Seguin-Fowler RA, Carroll RJ, Tooze JA. Major Gaps in Understanding Dietary Supplement Use in Health and Disease. Annu Rev Nutr 2023; 43:179-197. [PMID: 37196365 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-011923-020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Precise dietary assessment is critical for accurate exposure classification in nutritional research, typically aimed at understanding how diet relates to health. Dietary supplement (DS) use is widespread and represents a considerable source of nutrients. However, few studies have compared the best methods to measure DSs. Our literature review on the relative validity and reproducibility of DS instruments in the United States [e.g., product inventories, questionnaires, and 24-h dietary recalls (24HR)] identified five studies that examined validity (n = 5) and/or reproducibility (n = 4). No gold standard reference method exists for validating DS use; thus, each study's investigators chose the reference instrument used to measure validity. Self-administered questionnaires agreed well with 24HR and inventory methods when comparing the prevalence of commonly used DSs. The inventory method captured nutrient amounts more accurately than the other methods. Reproducibility (over 3 months to 2.4 years) of prevalence of use estimates on the questionnaires was acceptable for common DSs. Given the limited body of research on measurement error in DS assessment, only tentative conclusions on these DS instruments can be drawn at present. Further research is critical to advancing knowledge in DS assessment for research and monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan L Bailey
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA;
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexandra E Cowan
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA;
| | | | - Jaime J Gahche
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Diane C Mitchell
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA;
| | - Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA;
| | - Raymond J Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Lin L, He J, Zhu F, Delp EJ, Eicher-Miller HA. Integration of USDA Food Classification System and Food Composition Database for Image-Based Dietary Assessment among Individuals Using Insulin. Nutrients 2023; 15:3183. [PMID: 37513600 PMCID: PMC10385317 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
New imaging technologies to identify food can reduce the reporting burden of participants but heavily rely on the quality of the food image databases to which they are linked to accurately identify food images. The objective of this study was to develop methods to create a food image database based on the most commonly consumed U.S. foods and those contributing the most to energy. The objective included using a systematic classification structure for foods based on the standardized United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) What We Eat in America (WWEIA) food classification system that can ultimately be used to link food images to a nutrition composition database, the USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS). The food image database was built using images mined from the web that were fitted with bounding boxes, identified, annotated, and then organized according to classifications aligning with USDA WWEIA. The images were classified by food category and subcategory and then assigned a corresponding USDA food code within the USDA's FNDDS in order to systematically organize the food images and facilitate a linkage to nutrient composition. The resulting food image database can be used in food identification and dietary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jiangpeng He
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Fengqing Zhu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Eicher-Miller HA, Graves L, McGowan B, Mayfield BJ, Connolly BA, Stevens W, Abbott A. A Scoping Review of Household Factors Contributing to Dietary Quality and Food Security in Low-Income Households with School-Age Children in the United States. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:914-945. [PMID: 37182740 PMCID: PMC10334140 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-income and food-insecure households are at risk of poor dietary quality and even more severe food insecurity. Especially in childhood, consuming a nutritionally adequate diet is an essential driver of health, growth, and development. Household-level factors can present challenges to support the nutritional needs of low-income and food-insecure household members. The aim of this scoping review is to identify the contributing household factors to dietary quality and food security in US households of school-aged children 5 to 19 years and synthesize the evidence around emergent themes for application to future interventions. The scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols Extension for Scoping Reviews using search terms addressing food insecurity, low income, and dietary behaviors in the database PubMed. Screening by 3 independent reviewers of the title, abstract, and full study phases identified 44 studies. The 5 themes around which the studies grouped were: parental behaviors, child/adolescent behaviors, food procurement behaviors, food preparation behaviors, and household environment factors. Most studies were cross-sectional (n = 41, 93%) and focused on parental behaviors (n = 31, 70%), followed by food preparation and procurement behaviors. The themes identified were interrelated and suggest that incorporating education on parent and child behaviors that influence food procurement and preparation, along with strengthening organization and planning in the household environment, may hold promise to improve dietary quality and food security among food-insecure and low-income households. The findings can be used to inform future nutrition education interventions aimed at improving dietary quality and food security in households with school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Graves
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bethany McGowan
- Libraries and School of Information Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Blake A Connolly
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wanda Stevens
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Angela Abbott
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Qin Y, Cowan AE, Bailey RL, Jun S, Eicher-Miller HA. Usual nutrient intakes and diet quality among United States older adults participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program compared with income-eligible nonparticipants. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:85-95. [PMID: 37407169 PMCID: PMC10493427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of older adults with food insecurity at 8% has increased faster than that of the general United States population from 2001 to 2017. Many low-income food-insecure older adults rely on food-assistance programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), for meeting energy and nutrient needs, whereas others are eligible but do not participate. Neither updated nutrient intake estimates nor potential differences in meeting the Dietary Reference Intakes from foods alone and with dietary supplements (DS) among low-income older adults using or eligible for SNAP are known. OBJECTIVES This study assessed and compared national estimates of usual nutrient adequacy and dietary quality of United States older adults using SNAP and income-eligible nonparticipants. METHODS Usual dietary intake was estimated among older adults (≥60 y; n = 2582) in the 2007-2016 NHANES cross-sectional national survey. Data on food-assistance participation and eligibility (poverty-income-ratio ≤130%), DS use, and ≥24-h dietary recalls were used. The NCI method (Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach) was applied to estimate mean usual nutrient intakes, proportion of inadequate nutrient intake, and dietary quality using the 2015 Healthy Eating Index. RESULTS Neither usual nutrient intake from dietary and total sources nor dietary quality differed between older adult SNAP participants and eligible nonparticipants. Low dietary quality and high percentage of inadequate intake for several nutrients were apparent among both groups, especially from food sources alone, including vitamins A (56%), C (55%), D (97%), E (99%), calcium (73%), and magnesium (74%), but rates were attenuated when DS were also considered (i.e., 36% reduced risk for vitamin D inadequacy). CONCLUSIONS Diet quality and usual nutrient intake among older adult SNAP participants and eligible nonparticipants were poor, but DS lowered the risk of nutrient inadequacy. Future policies and programs should focus on improving the intake of vitamins A, C, D, E, calcium, and magnesium and dietary quality for all older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Alexandra E Cowan
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
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12
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He J, Lin L, Eicher-Miller HA, Zhu F. Long-Tailed Food Classification. Nutrients 2023; 15:2751. [PMID: 37375655 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food classification serves as the basic step of image-based dietary assessment to predict the types of foods in each input image. However, foods in real-world scenarios are typically long-tail distributed, where a small number of food types are consumed more frequently than others, which causes a severe class imbalance issue and hinders the overall performance. In addition, none of the existing long-tailed classification methods focus on food data, which can be more challenging due to the inter-class similarity and intra-class diversity between food images. In this work, two new benchmark datasets for long-tailed food classification are introduced, including Food101-LT and VFN-LT, where the number of samples in VFN-LT exhibits real-world long-tailed food distribution. Then, a novel two-phase framework is proposed to address the problem of class imbalance by (1) undersampling the head classes to remove redundant samples along with maintaining the learned information through knowledge distillation and (2) oversampling the tail classes by performing visually aware data augmentation. By comparing our method with existing state-of-the-art long-tailed classification methods, we show the effectiveness of the proposed framework, which obtains the best performance on both Food101-LT and VFN-LT datasets. The results demonstrate the potential to apply the proposed method to related real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng He
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Fengqing Zhu
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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13
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Qin Y, Rivera RL, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Tooze JA, Abbott AR, Maulding MK, Craig BA, Bailey RL, Eicher-Miller HA. A Randomized Intervention of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education Did Not Improve Dietary Outcomes Except for Vitamin D Among Lower-Income Women in Indiana. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:284-298.e2. [PMID: 35781080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of US Department of Agriculture Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) is to improve the likelihood that those eligible for SNAP will make healthy choices aligned with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term effects of a direct SNAP-Ed intervention in which participants actively engage in learning with educator instruction about dietary quality and usual intake of key nutrient and food groups among Indiana SNAP-Ed-eligible women participants as an example sample in the context of no similar existing evaluation. DESIGN The study design was a parallel-arm, randomized controlled, nutrition education intervention, with follow-up at 1 year. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants (18 years and older; n = 97 women) eligible for SNAP-Ed and interested in receiving nutrition education lessons were recruited from 31 Indiana counties from August 2015 to May 2016 and randomized to an intervention (n = 53) or control (n = 44) group. INTERVENTION The intervention comprised core lessons of Indiana SNAP-Ed delivered between 4 and 10 weeks after baseline assessment. Each participant completed a baseline and 1-year follow-up assessment. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24-hour dietary recalls (up to 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean usual nutrient, food group intake, diet quality (ie, Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores), and proportion of intervention and control groups meeting Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 recommendations and Dietary Reference Intake indicators of requirement or adequacy, were determined using the National Cancer Institute method and the simple Healthy Eating Index-2010 scoring algorithm method. Dietary changes between intervention and control groups were examined over time using mixed linear models. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Bonferroni-corrected significance levels were applied to the results of the mixed linear models for comparisons of usual intake of nutrients and foods. RESULTS No differences in diet quality, intake of food group components, food group intake, or nutrients were observed at 1-year follow-up, except that vitamin D intake was higher among those who received SNAP-Ed compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS A direct SNAP-Ed intervention did not improve diet quality, food group intake, or key nutrient intake, except for vitamin D, among Indiana SNAP-Ed-eligible women up to 1 year after the nutrition education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Rebecca L Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Janet A Tooze
- School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Angela R Abbott
- Health and Human Sciences Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Melissa K Maulding
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston
| | - Bruce A Craig
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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14
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Qin Y, Sneddon DA, MacDermid Wadsworth S, Topp D, Sterrett RA, Newton JR, Eicher-Miller HA. Grit but Not Help-Seeking Was Associated with Food Insecurity among Low Income, At-Risk Rural Veterans. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2500. [PMID: 36767870 PMCID: PMC9916015 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rural veterans have poorer health, use healthcare services less often than their urban counterparts, and have more prevalent food insecurity than average U.S. households. Food insecurity and resource use may be influenced by modifiable psychological attributes such as grit and help-seeking behaviors, which may be improved through interventions. Grit and help-seeking have not been previously evaluated among rural veterans. Thus, this cross-sectional study evaluated the hypothesis that grit and help-seeking were associated with food insecurity and the use of resources. Food security, resource use, grit, and help-seeking behavior were assessed among rural veterans (≥18 years) from five food pantries in southern Illinois counties (n = 177) from March 2021 to November 2021. Adjusted multiple regression was used to estimate the relationship between the odds of food insecurity and the use of resources with grit and help-seeking scores. Higher grit scores were significantly associated with lower odds of food insecurity (OR = 0.5, p = 0.009). No other associations were detected. The results provided evidence to inform the content of future educational interventions to improve food insecurity and address health disparities among rural veterans by addressing grit. The enhancement of psychological traits such as grit is related to food security and has the potential to benefit other aspects of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Douglas A. Sneddon
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Dave Topp
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rena A. Sterrett
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jake R. Newton
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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15
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Fainguersch A, Dewar AJ, McCormack LA, Eicher-Miller HA. Dietary Costs among Midwestern Adult Food-Pantry Users by Food-Security Status. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030680. [PMID: 36771388 PMCID: PMC9919618 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the relationship between dietary cost, diet quality, and socio-economic status is mixed. No studies have directly evaluated food-security status and dietary cost. This study investigated whether food-pantry clients with low and very low food-security status had less expensive daily diets than food-secure clients by comparing total cost, cost per gram, and cost per calorie of total daily dietary intake both per person and by individual food item, followed by evaluations of each food group. Mixed-model regression and Tukey-Kramer comparisons were used to compare food-security groups. There was no clear association between food-security status and cost of daily diet. Analyzed per person, total price and price per gram showed significant differences between low food-secure and food-secure groups. When analyzing individual food items, prices per calorie were significantly different between food-secure and very low food-secure groups. The directionality of the relationships by food-security status was inconsistent. Per person, those with lower food security had lower mean prices, and for individual foods this association was reversed. Therefore, the metric of food cost and the unit of analysis are critical to determining the relationship between food-security status and dietary cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Fainguersch
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Aaron J. Dewar
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | | | - Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-494-6815
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16
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Guo J, Gelfand SB, Hennessy E, Aqeel MM, Eicher-Miller HA, Richards EA, Lin L, Bhadra A, Delp EJ. Cluster Analysis to Find Temporal Physical Activity Patterns Among US Adults. medRxiv 2023:2023.01.23.23284777. [PMID: 36747782 PMCID: PMC9901066 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.23284777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is known to be a risk factor for obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Few attempts have been made to pattern the time of physical activity while incorporating intensity and duration in order to determine the relationship of this multi-faceted behavior with health. In this paper, we explore a distance-based approach for clustering daily physical activity time series to estimate temporal physical activity patterns among U.S. adults (ages 20-65) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 (NHANES). A number of distance measures and distance-based clustering methods were investigated and compared using various metrics. These metrics include the Silhouette and the Dunn Index (internal criteria), and the associations of the clusters with health status indicators (external criteria). Our experiments indicate that using a distance-based cluster analysis approach to estimate temporal physical activity patterns through the day, has the potential to describe the complexity of behavior rather than characterizing physical activity patterns solely by sums or labels of maximum activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University Boston MA, USA
| | - Marah M Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
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17
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Guo J, Lin L, Aqeel MM, Gelfand SB, Eicher-Miller HA, Bhadra A, Hennessy E, Richards EA, Delp EJ. Joint Temporal Patterns By Integrating Diet and Physical Activity. medRxiv 2023:2023.01.23.23284780. [PMID: 36747820 PMCID: PMC9901045 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.23284780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Both diet and physical activity are associated with obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Early efforts in connecting dietary and physical activity behaviors to generate patterns rarely considered the use of time. In this paper, we propose a distance-based cluster analysis approach to find joint temporal diet and physical activity patterns among U.S. adults ages 20-65. Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) generalized to multi-dimensions is combined with commonly used clustering methods to generate unbiased partitioning of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 (NHANES) dataset. The clustering results are evaluated using visualization of the clusters, the Silhouette Index, and the associations between clusters and health status indicators based on multivariate regression models. Our experiments indicate that the integration of diet, physical activity, and time has the potential to discover joint temporal patterns with association to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Marah M Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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18
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Lin L, Zhu F, Delp EJ, Eicher-Miller HA. Differences in Dietary Intake Exist among U.S. Adults by Diabetic Status Using NHANES 2009–2016. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163284. [PMID: 36014790 PMCID: PMC9415376 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to determine the most frequently consumed food items, food subcategories, and food categories, and those that contributed most to total energy intake for the group of U.S. adults reporting taking insulin, those with type 2 diabetes (T2D) not taking insulin, and those without diabetes. Laboratory tests and questionnaires of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2016 classified 774 participants reporting taking insulin, 2758 participants reporting T2D not taking insulin, and 17,796 participants without diabetes. Raw and weighted frequency and energy contributions of each food item, food subcategory, and food category were calculated and ranked. Comparisons among groups by broad food category used the Rao–Scott modified chi-square test. Soft drinks ranked as the 8th and 6th most consumed food subcategory of participants with T2D not taking insulin and those without diabetes, and contributed 5th and 2nd most to energy, respectively. The group reporting taking insulin is likely to consume more protein foods and less soft drink compared to the other two groups. Lists of the most frequently reported foods and foods contributing most to energy may be helpful for nutrition education, prescribing diets, and digital-based dietary assessment for the group reporting taking insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Fengqing Zhu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Edward J. Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence:
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19
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Cowan AE, Tooze JA, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Potischman N, Bhadra A, Carroll RJ, Bailey RL. Trends in Overall and Micronutrient-Containing Dietary Supplement Use in US Adults and Children, NHANES 2007-2018. J Nutr 2022; 152:2789-2801. [PMID: 35918260 PMCID: PMC9839985 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplement (DS) use is widespread in the United States and contributes large amounts of micronutrients to users. Most studies have relied on data from 1 assessment method to characterize the prevalence of DS use. Combining multiple methods enhances the ability to capture nutrient exposures from DSs and examine trends over time. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to characterize DS use and examine trends in any DS as well as micronutrient-containing (MN) DS use in a nationally representative sample of the US population (≥1 y) from the 2007-2018 NHANES using a combined approach. METHODS NHANES obtains an in-home inventory with a frequency-based dietary supplement and prescription medicine questionnaire (DSMQ), and two 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs). Trends in the prevalence of use and selected types of products used were estimated for the population and by sex, age, race/Hispanic origin, family income [poverty-to-income ratio (PIR)], and household food security (food-secure vs. food-insecure) using the DSMQ or ≥ 1 24HR. Linear trends were tested using orthogonal polynomials (significance set at P < 0.05). RESULTS DS use increased from 50% in 2007 to 56% in 2018 (P = 0.001); use of MN products increased from 46% to 49% (P = 0.03), and single-nutrient DS (e.g., magnesium, vitamins B-12 and D) use also increased (all P < 0.001). In contrast, multivitamin-mineral use decreased (70% to 56%; P < 0.001). In adults (≥19 y), any (54% to 61%) and MN (49% to 54%) DS use increased, especially in men, non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics, and low-income adults (PIR ≤130%). In children (1-18 y), any DS use remained stable (∼38%), as did MN use, except for food-insecure children, whose use increased from 24% to 31% over the decade (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of any and MN DS use increased over time in the United States. This may be partially attributed to increased use of single-nutrient products. Population subgroups differed in their DS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Cowan
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Raymond J Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Liu Y, Eicher-Miller HA. Cost-Attributed Medical Care Disruptions Are a Concern Among US Adults With Food Insecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Am J Public Health 2022; 112:823-825. [PMID: 35420898 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2022.306851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Liu
- Yibin Liu is with the Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, in the School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY. Heather A. Eicher-Miller is with the Department of Nutrition Science, in the College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Yibin Liu is with the Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, in the School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY. Heather A. Eicher-Miller is with the Department of Nutrition Science, in the College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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21
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Franzen-Castle L, Remley D, McCormack L, Adamski R, Henne R, Eicher-Miller HA, Mehrle DJ, Stluka S. Engaging Rural Community Members with Food Policy Councils to Improve Food Access: Facilitators and Barriers. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2021.1997858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Franzen-Castle
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Daniel Remley
- Family and Consumer Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lacey McCormack
- Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Rose Adamski
- Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Rebecca Henne
- Health and Nutrition Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Donna J. Mehrle
- College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Missouri Extension, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Suzanne Stluka
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Usda National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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22
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Eicher-Miller HA, Wright BN, Tooze JA, Craig BA, Liu Y, Bailey RL, McCormack LA, Stluka S, Franzen-Castle L, Henne B, Mehrle D, Remley D. Evaluating a food pantry-based intervention to improve food security, dietary intake and quality in Midwestern food pantries. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:2060-2071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Pickford C, McCormack L, Liu Y, Eicher-Miller HA. USDA Food Composition Databases, the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies 2013-2014 and the National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Version 28, yield significantly different nutrient totals of food items from 8 Midwestern food pantry inventories. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1326-1335.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Cowan AE, Bailey RL, Jun S, Dodd KW, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Potischman N, Bhadra A, Carroll RJ, Tooze JA. The Total Nutrient Index is a Useful Measure for Assessing Total Micronutrient Exposures Among US Adults. J Nutr 2021; 152:863-871. [PMID: 34928350 PMCID: PMC8891182 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most dietary indices reflect foods and beverages and do not include exposures from dietary supplements (DS) that provide substantial amounts of micronutrients. A nutrient-based approach that captures total intake inclusive of DS can strengthen exposure assessment. OBJECTIVES We examined the construct and criterion validity of the Total Nutrient Index (TNI) among US adults (≥19 years; nonpregnant or lactating). METHODS The TNI includes 8 underconsumed micronutrients identified by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans: calcium; magnesium; potassium; choline; and vitamins A, C, D, and E. The TNI is expressed as a percentage of the RDA or Adequate Intake to compute micronutrient component scores; the mean of the component scores yields the TNI score, ranging from 0-100. Data from exemplary menus and the 2003-2006 (≥19 years; n = 8861) and 2011-2014 NHANES (≥19 years; n = 9954) were employed. Exemplary menus were used to determine whether the TNI yielded high scores from dietary sources (women, 31-50 years; men ≥ 70 years). TNI scores were correlated with Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 overall and component scores for dairy, fruits, and vegetables; TNI component scores for vitamins A, C, D, and E were correlated with respective biomarker data. TNI scores were compared between groups with known differences in nutrient intake based on the literature. RESULTS The TNI yielded high scores on exemplary menus (84.8-93.3/100) and was moderately correlated (r = 0.48) with the HEI-2015. Mean TNI scores were significantly different for DS users (83.5) compared with nonusers (67.1); nonsmokers (76.8) compared with smokers (70.3); and those living with food security (76.6) compared with food insecurity (69.1). Correlations of TNI vitamin component scores with available biomarkers ranged from 0.12 (α-tocopherol) to 0.36 (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D), and were significantly higher than correlations obtained from the diet alone. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of validity supports that the TNI is a useful construct to assess total micronutrient exposures of underconsumed micronutrients among US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kevin W Dodd
- NIH National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Raymond J Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Landry MJ, Gundersen C, Eicher-Miller HA. Food Insecurity on College and University Campuses: A Context and Rationale for Solutions. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:519-524. [PMID: 34718223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Landry
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Palo Alto, CA.
| | - Craig Gundersen
- Baylor University, Baylor Collaborative on Hunger and Poverty (BCHP), and Department of Economics, Waco, TX
| | - Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Purdue University, College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Nutrition Science, West Lafayette, IN
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Lin L, Guo J, Aqeel MM, Gelfand SB, Delp EJ, Bhadra A, Richards EA, Hennessy E, Eicher-Miller HA. Joint temporal dietary and physical activity patterns: associations with health status indicators and chronic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:456-470. [PMID: 34617560 PMCID: PMC8827100 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet and physical activity (PA) are independent risk factors for obesity and chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The temporal sequence of these exposures may be used to create patterns with relations to health status indicators. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to create clusters of joint temporal dietary and PA patterns (JTDPAPs) and to determine their association with health status indicators including BMI, waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and disease status including obesity, T2DM, and MetS in US adults. METHODS A 24-h dietary recall and random day of accelerometer data of 1836 participants from the cross-sectional NHANES 2003-2006 data were used to create JTDPAP clusters by constrained dynamic time warping, coupled with a kernel k-means clustering algorithm. Multivariate regression models determined associations between the 4 JTDPAP clusters and health and disease status indicators, controlling for potential confounders and adjusting for multiple comparisons. RESULTS A JTDPAP cluster with proportionally equivalent energy consumed at 2 main eating occasions reaching ≤1600 and ≤2200 kcal from 11:00 to 13:00 and from 17:00 to 20:00, respectively, and the highest PA counts among 4 clusters from 08:00 to 20:00, was associated with significantly lower BMI (P < 0.0001), WC (P = 0.0001), total cholesterol (P = 0.02), and odds of obesity (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.5) than a JTDPAP cluster with proportionally equivalent energy consumed reaching ≤1600 and ≤1800 kcal from 11:00 to 14:00 and from 17:00 to 21:00, respectively, and high PA counts from 09:00 to 12:00. CONCLUSIONS The joint temporally patterned sequence of diet and PA can be used to cluster individuals with meaningful associations to BMI, WC, total cholesterol, and obesity. Temporal patterns hold promise for future development of lifestyle patterns that integrate additional temporal and contextual activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Marah M Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Cowan AE, Jun S, Tooze JA, Dodd KW, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Potischman N, Bhadra A, Carroll RJ, Bailey RL. A narrative review of nutrient based indexes to assess diet quality and the proposed total nutrient index that reflects total dietary exposures. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1722-1732. [PMID: 34470512 PMCID: PMC8888777 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1967872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A priori dietary indices provide a standardized, reproducible way to evaluate adherence to dietary recommendations across different populations. Existing nutrient-based indices were developed to reflect food/beverage intake; however, given the high prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) use and its potentially large contribution to nutrient intakes for those that use them, exposure classification without accounting for DS is incomplete. The purpose of this article is to review existing nutrient-based indices and describe the development of the Total Nutrient Index (TNI), an index developed to capture usual intakes from all sources of under-consumed micronutrients among the U.S. population. The TNI assesses U.S. adults' total nutrient intakes relative to recommended nutrient standards for eight under-consumed micronutrients identified by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans: calcium, magnesium, potassium, choline, and vitamins A, C, D, E. The TNI is scored from 0 to 100 (truncated at 100). The mean TNI score of U.S. adults (≥19 y; n = 9,954) based on dietary data from NHANES 2011-2014, was 75.4; the mean score for the index ignoring DS contributions was only 69.0 (t-test; p < 0.001). The TNI extends existing measures of diet quality by including nutrient intakes from all sources and was developed for research, monitoring, and policy purposes.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1967872.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Patricia M. Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Raymond J. Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, 447 Blocker Building, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Jun S, Cowan AE, Dodd KW, Tooze JA, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Potischman N, Bhadra A, Forman MR, Bailey RL. Association of food insecurity with dietary intakes and nutritional biomarkers among US children, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1059-1069. [PMID: 33964856 PMCID: PMC8408856 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity is associated with poorer nutrient intakes from food sources and lower dietary supplement use. However, its association with total usual nutrient intakes, inclusive of dietary supplements, and biomarkers of nutritional status among US children remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess total usual nutrient intakes, Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores, and nutritional biomarkers by food security status, sex, and age among US children. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 9147 children aged 1-18 y from the 2011-2016 NHANES were analyzed. Usual energy and total nutrient intakes and HEI-2015 scores were estimated using the National Cancer Institute method from 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS Overall diet quality was poor, and intakes of sodium, added sugars, and saturated fat were higher than recommended limits, regardless of food security status. Food-insecure girls and boys were at higher risk of inadequate intakes for vitamin D and magnesium, and girls also had higher risk for inadequate calcium intakes compared with their food-secure counterparts, when total intakes were examined. Choline intakes of food-insecure children were less likely to meet the adequate intake than those of their food-secure peers. No differences by food security status were noted for folate, vitamin C, iron, zinc, potassium, and sodium intakes. Food-insecure adolescent girls aged 14-18 y were at higher risk of micronutrient inadequacies than any other subgroup, with 92.8% (SE: 3.6%) at risk of inadequate intakes for vitamin D. No differences in biomarkers for vitamin D, folate, iron, and zinc were observed by food security status. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 12.7% in food-secure and 12.0% in food-insecure adolescent girls. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity was associated with compromised intake of some micronutrients, especially among adolescent girls. These results highlight a need for targeted interventions to improve children's overall diet quality, including the reduction of specific nutrient inadequacies, especially among food-insecure children. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03400436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexandra E Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kevin W Dodd
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michele R Forman
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Aqeel M, Guo J, Lin L, Gelfand S, Delp E, Bhadra A, Richards EA, Hennessy E, Eicher-Miller HA. Temporal physical activity patterns are associated with obesity in U.S. adults. Prev Med 2021; 148:106538. [PMID: 33798532 PMCID: PMC8489165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Few attempts have been made to incorporate multiple aspects of physical activity (PA) to classify patterns linked with health. Temporal PA patterns integrating time and activity counts were created to determine their association with health status. Accelerometry data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 was used to pattern PA counts and time of activity from 1999 adults with one weekday of activity. Dynamic time warping and kernel k-means clustering partitioned 4 participant clusters representing temporal PA patterns. Multivariate regression models determined associations between clusters and health status indicators and obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Cluster 1 with a temporal PA pattern of the lowest activity counts reaching 4.8e4 cph from 6:00-23:00 was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) (β = 2.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2, 95% CI: 1.0, 4.1), higher waist circumference (WC) (β = 6.4 ± 1.3 cm, 95% CI: 2.8, 10.0), and higher odds of obesity (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3, 4.4) compared with Cluster 3 with activity counts reaching 9.6e4-1.2e5 cph between 16:00-21:00. Cluster 1 was also associated with higher BMI (β = 1.5 ± 0.5 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.1, 2.8) and WC (β = 3.6 ± 1.3 cm, 95% CI: 0.1, 7.0) compared to Cluster 4 with activity counts reaching 9.6e4 cph between 8:00-11:00. A Temporal PA pattern with the lowest PA counts had significantly higher mean BMI and WC compared to temporal PA patterns of higher activity counts performed early (8:00-11:00) or late (16:00-21:00) throughout the day. Temporal PA patterns appear to meaningfully link to health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Saul Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Edward Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | | | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Eicher-Miller HA, Prapkree L, Palacios C. Expanding the Capabilities of Nutrition Research and Health Promotion Through Mobile-Based Applications. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1032-1041. [PMID: 33734305 PMCID: PMC8166539 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile-based applications are popular and prevalently used in the US population. Applications focusing on nutrition offer platforms for quantifying and changing behaviors to improve dietary intake. Such behavior changes can intervene in the relation of diet to promote health and prevent disease. Mobile applications offer a safe and convenient way to collect user data and share it back to users, researchers, and to health care providers. Other lifestyle factors like activity, sleep, and sedentary behavior, can also be quantified and included in investigations of how lifestyle is related to health. Yet, challenges in the assessment offered through mobile applications and effectiveness to change behavior still remain, including rigorous evaluation, demonstration of successful health improvement, and participant engagement. The data mobile applications generate, however, expands opportunities for discovery of the integrated and time-based nature of various daily activities in relation to health. This article is a summary of a symposium at Nutrition 2020 Live Online on the role of mobile applications as a tool for nutrition research and health promotion. The types and capabilities of mobile applications, challenges in their evaluation and use in research, and opportunities for the data they generate along with a specific example, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukkamol Prapkree
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cristina Palacios
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Abstract
Purpose of Review This review examines the current epidemiological evidence for the relationship between levels of food insecurity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes among US adults > 17 years. Recent Findings Review of recent literature revealed that reduced food security was associated with decreased likelihood of good self-reported cardiovascular health and higher odds of reporting CVD-related outcomes such as coronary heart disease, angina, heart attack, peripheral arterial disease, and hypertension. Summary Existing evidence suggests a compelling association between each level of reduced food security and CVD risk with a particularly strong association between very low food security and CVD risk. Policies and public health-based strategies are needed to identify the most vulnerable subgroups, strengthen and enhance access to food assistance programs, and promote awareness and access to healthful foods and beverages to improve food security, nutrition, and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Liu
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, 314 Kimball Tower, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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Eicher-Miller HA. The Need for Investment in Rigorous Interventions to Improve Child Food Security. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:S70-S73. [PMID: 33342527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aqeel MM, Guo J, Lin L, Gelfand SB, Delp EJ, Bhadra A, Richards EA, Hennessy E, Eicher-Miller HA. Temporal Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Obesity in US Adults. J Nutr 2020; 150:3259-3268. [PMID: 33096568 PMCID: PMC7726125 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integration of time with dietary patterns throughout a day, or temporal dietary patterns (TDPs), have been linked with dietary quality but relations to health are unknown. OBJECTIVE The association between TDPs and selected health status indicators and obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was determined. METHODS The first-day 24-h dietary recall from 1627 nonpregnant US adult participants aged 20-65 y from the NHANES 2003-2006 was used to determine timing, amount of energy intake, and sequence of eating occasions (EOs). Modified dynamic time warping (MDTW) and kernel k-means algorithm clustered participants into 4 groups representing distinct TDPs. Multivariate regression models determined associations between TDPs and health status, controlling for potential confounders, and adjusting for the survey design and multiple comparisons (P <0.05/6). RESULTS A cluster representing a TDP with evenly spaced, energy balanced EOs reaching ≤1200 kcal between 06:00 to 10:00, 12:00 to 15:00, and 18:00 to 22:00, had statistically significant and clinically meaningful lower mean BMI (P <0.0001), waist circumference (WC) (P <0.0001), and 75% lower odds of obesity compared with 3 other clusters representing patterns with much higher peaks of energy: 1000-2400 kcal between 15:00 and 18:00 (OR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.8, 10.1), 800-2400 kcal between 11:00 and 15:00 (OR: 4.4; 95% CI: 2.5, 7.9), and 1000-2600 kcal between 18:00 and 23:00 (OR: 6.7; 95% CI: 3.9, 11.6). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with a TDP characterized by evenly spaced, energy balanced EOs had significantly lower mean BMI, WC, and odds of obesity compared with the other patterns with higher energy intake peaks at different times throughout the day, providing evidence that incorporating time with other aspects of a dietary pattern may be important to health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah M Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Luotao Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Saul B Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Edward J Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Wright BN, Vasquez-Mejia CM, Guenther PM, McCormack L, Stluka S, Franzen-Castle L, Henne B, Mehrle D, Remley D, Eicher-Miller HA. Fruit and Vegetable Healthy Eating Index Component Scores of Distributed Food Bags Were Positively Associated with Client Diet Scores in a Sample of Rural, Midwestern Food Pantries. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 121:74-83. [PMID: 33350943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food pantries have the potential to improve the quality of clients' diets. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the relationship between the quality of the mix of foods in pantry inventories and client food bags (separately), as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), with client diet quality and how these relationships varied by food security status. DESIGN This cross-sectional, secondary analysis used baseline data from the Voices for Food intervention study (Clinical Trial Registry: NCT03566095). A demographic questionnaire, the US Household Food Security Survey Module, and up to three 24-hour dietary recalls on nonconsecutive days, including weekdays and weekends, were collected. Foods available in pantry inventories and distributed in client food bags were recorded at one time point during baseline data collection. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A convenience sample of adult food pantry clients (N = 575) from 24 rural, food pantries in the US Midwest was recruited from August to November 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pantry inventories, client food bags, and client diets were scored using the HEI-2010. Main outcomes were client HEI-2010 scores. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Linear regression models estimated associations between HEI-2010 total and component scores for pantry inventories and client food bags (in separate models) and the corresponding scores for client dietary intake. The interaction of client food security status, and potential pantry- and client-level confounders, was considered. RESULTS Client food bag HEI-2010 scores were positively associated with client diet scores for total vegetables, greens and beans, and total fruit components, whereas pantry inventory HEI-2010 scores were negatively associated with client diet scores for total fruit, total protein foods, and seafood and plant proteins components. Client food bag whole-grains scores were more strongly associated with very low food secure compared with food secure client diet scores (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The quality of client food bags, but not of pantry inventories, was positively associated with client diet quality in a rural sample in the US Midwest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne N Wright
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Lacey McCormack
- Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | | | | | - Becky Henne
- Michigan State University, Eaton County Extension Office, Charlotte, MI
| | | | - Dan Remley
- Extension, Ohio State University, Piketon, OH
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Jun S, Cowan AE, Bhadra A, Dodd KW, Dwyer JT, Eicher-Miller HA, Gahche J, Guenther PM, Potischman N, Tooze JA, Bailey RL. Older adults with obesity have higher risks of some micronutrient inadequacies and lower overall dietary quality compared to peers with a healthy weight, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 2011-2014. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2268-2279. [PMID: 32466808 PMCID: PMC7429309 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate total usual intakes and biomarkers of micronutrients, overall dietary quality and related health characteristics of US older adults who were overweight or obese compared with a healthy weight. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Two 24-h dietary recalls, nutritional biomarkers and objective and subjective health characteristic data were analysed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. We used the National Cancer Institute method to estimate distributions of total usual intakes from foods and dietary supplements for eleven micronutrients of potential concern and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 score. PARTICIPANTS Older adults aged ≥60 years (n 2969) were categorised by sex and body weight status, using standard BMI categories. Underweight individuals (n 47) were excluded due to small sample size. RESULTS A greater percentage of obese older adults compared with their healthy-weight counterparts was at risk of inadequate Mg (both sexes), Ca, vitamin B6 and vitamin D (women only) intakes. The proportion of those with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 40 nmol/l was higher in obese (12 %) than in healthy-weight older women (6 %). Mean overall HEI-2015 scores were 8·6 (men) and 7·1 (women) points lower in obese than in healthy-weight older adults. In addition, compared with healthy-weight counterparts, obese older adults were more likely to self-report fair/poor health, use ≥ 5 medications and have limitations in activities of daily living and cardio-metabolic risk factors; and obese older women were more likely to be food-insecure and have depression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that obesity may coexist with micronutrient inadequacy in older adults, especially among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Alexandra E. Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, 250 N. University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kevin W. Dodd
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-7517, USA
| | - Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jaime Gahche
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-7517, USA
| | - Patricia M. Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 South 850 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112. USA
| | - Nancy Potischman
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-7517, USA
| | - Janet A. Tooze
- School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Wright BN, Tooze JA, Bailey RL, Liu Y, Rivera RL, McCormack L, Stluka S, Franzen-Castle L, Henne B, Mehrle D, Remley D, Eicher-Miller HA. Dietary Quality and Usual Intake of Underconsumed Nutrients and Related Food Groups Differ by Food Security Status for Rural, Midwestern Food Pantry Clients. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1457-1468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Eicher-Miller HA, Rivera RL, Sun H, Zhang Y, Maulding MK, Abbott AR. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education Improves Food Security Independent of Food Assistance and Program Characteristics. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092636. [PMID: 32872411 PMCID: PMC7551191 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this project was to determine whether consistent food assistance program participation or changes in participation over time mediated or moderated the effect of federal nutrition education through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) on food security and determine the associations of SNAP-Ed program delivery characteristics with change in food security. This secondary analysis used data from a randomized controlled trial from September 2013 through April 2015. SNAP-Ed-eligible participants (n = 328; ≥18 years) in households with children were recruited from 39 counties in Indiana, USA. The dependent variable was one year change in household food security score measured using the United States Household Food Security Survey Module. Assessment of mediation used Barron-Kenny analysis and moderation used interactions of food assistance program use and changes over time with treatment group in general linear regression modeling. Program delivery characteristics were investigated using mixed linear regression modeling. Results showed that neither consistent participation nor changes in food assistance program participation over time mediated nor moderated the effect of SNAP-Ed on food security and neither were SNAP-Ed program delivery characteristics associated with change in food security over the one year study period. SNAP-Ed directly improved food security among SNAP-Ed-eligible Indiana households with children regardless of food assistance program participation and changes over time or varying program delivery characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-494-6815; Fax: +1-765-494-0906
| | - Rebecca L. Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health and the Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hanxi Sun
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (H.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (H.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Melissa K. Maulding
- Health and Human Sciences Cooperative Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.K.M.); (A.R.A.)
- College of Health and Human Services, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920, USA
| | - Angela R. Abbott
- Health and Human Sciences Cooperative Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.K.M.); (A.R.A.)
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Rivera RL, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Maulding MK, Tooze JA, Wright BN, Craig BA, Bailey RL, Eicher-Miller HA. Diet Quality and Associations with Food Security among Women Eligible for Indiana Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education. J Nutr 2020; 150:2191-2198. [PMID: 32559278 PMCID: PMC7690761 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diet quality among adults receiving nutrition education lessons through Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) is currently unknown. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to characterize the diet quality of Indiana SNAP-Ed-eligible women; estimate their mean usual intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, and whole grains compared to Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations; and determine if these dietary outcomes differed by food security status. METHODS SNAP-Ed paraprofessionals recruited participants from August 2015 to May 2016 for this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data collected as the baseline assessment for a randomized controlled trial. Participants were SNAP-Ed-eligible women aged ≥18 y interested in nutrition education lessons. Dietary outcomes were assessed by one or two 24-h dietary recalls. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010 was used to characterize diet quality. Mean usual intake of food groups was estimated using the National Cancer Institute Method. Food security status was classified using the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Data were analyzed in October 2019. RESULTS Mean ± SEM HEI-2010 total score was 42 ± 0.9 for the study sample. Mean ± SE usual intake of servings of fruits (0.61 ± 0.08 cups [144.32 ± 18.93 mL]), vegetables [1.4 ± 0.10 cups (331.2 ± 23.66 mL)], dairy [1.5 ± 0.11 cups (354.88 ± 26.02 mL)], and whole grains [0.48 ± 0.06 ounces (13.61 ± 1.70 g)] did not differ by food security subgroup. Mean HEI-2010 total score was significantly higher by 4.8 ± 2.0 points for the food-secure than for the food-insecure subgroup (P = 0.01). Mean HEI-2010 component scores were 1.1 ± 0.5 points higher for whole grain (P = 0.01) and 1.0 ± 0.5 points higher for dairy (P = 0.05) in the food-secure than in the food-insecure subgroup. The proportions of the study sample not meeting the DGA recommendations for food group intake were ≥85% for both food-secure and -insecure subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Indiana SNAP-Ed-eligible women reported poor diet quality, highlighting their need for nutrition interventions aiming to improve food security and diet as per DGA recommendations in low-income populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Melissa K Maulding
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Breanne N Wright
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bruce A Craig
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Cowan AE, Jun S, Tooze JA, Dodd KW, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Moshfegh AJ, Rhodes DG, Bhadra A, Bailey RL. Comparison of 4 Methods to Assess the Prevalence of Use and Estimates of Nutrient Intakes from Dietary Supplements among US Adults. J Nutr 2020; 150:884-893. [PMID: 31851315 PMCID: PMC7138661 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and reliable methods to assess prevalence of use of and nutrient intakes from dietary supplements (DSs) are critical for research, clinical practice, and public health monitoring. NHANES has been the primary source of DS usage patterns using an in-home inventory with a frequency-based DS and Prescription Medicine Questionnaire (DSMQ), but little is known regarding DS information obtained from 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs). METHODS The objectives of this analysis were to compare results from 4 different methods for measuring DS use constructed from two data collection instruments (i.e., DSMQ and 24HR) and to determine the most comprehensive method for measuring the prevalence of use and estimating nutrient intakes from DS for selected nutrients. NHANES 2011-2014 data from US adults (aged ≥19 y; n = 11,451) were used to examine the 4 combinations of methods constructed for measuring the prevalence of use of and amount of selected nutrients from DSs (i.e., riboflavin, vitamin D, folate, magnesium, calcium): 1) DSMQ, 2) 24HR day 1, 3) two 24HRs (i.e., mean), and 4) DSMQ or at least one 24HR. RESULTS Half of US adults reported DS use on the DSMQ (52%) and on two 24HRs (mean of 49%), as compared with a lower prevalence of DS use when using a single 24HR (43%) and a higher (57%) prevalence when combining the DSMQ with at least one 24HR. Mean nutrient intake estimates were highest using 24HR day 1. Mean supplemental calcium from the DSMQ or at least one 24HR was 372 mg/d, but 464 mg/d on the 24HR only. For vitamin D, the estimated intakes per consumption day were higher on the DSMQ (46 μg) and the DSMQ or at least one 24HR (44 μg) than those on the 24HR day 1 (32 μg) or the mean 24HR (31 μg). Fewer products were also classed as a default or reasonable match on the DSMQ than on the 24HR. CONCLUSIONS A higher prevalence of use of DSs is obtained using frequency-based methods, whereas higher amounts of nutrients are reported from a 24HR. The home inventory results in greater accuracy for products reported. Collectively, these findings suggest that combining the DSMQ with at least one 24HR (i.e., DSMQ or at least one 24HR) is the most comprehensive method for assessing the prevalence of and estimating usual intake from DSs in US adults.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03400436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kevin W Dodd
- NIH National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alanna J Moshfegh
- Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Donna G Rhodes
- Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA,Address correspondence to RLB (e-mail: )
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Eicher-Miller HA. A review of the food security, diet and health outcomes of food pantry clients and the potential for their improvement through food pantry interventions in the United States. Physiol Behav 2020; 220:112871. [PMID: 32179054 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Food pantries are community-based organizations that provide food to prevalently low and very low food secure households, presenting an opportune point of contact and potential site for interventions. This review evaluates the food security, dietary quality, dietary intake and health outcomes of U.S. adults served by food pantries and the potential for interventions based in food pantries to improve these outcomes. Results from the 15 included studies showed the prevalence of food insecurity and very low food security among food pantry clients was higher than national estimates at up to 89% and 52%, respectively; dietary quality was up to 20 points lower on the Healthy Eating Index compared with U.S. adults; intake for 16 nutrients did not meet the Estimated Average Requirement or exceed the Average Intake for 30% to 100% of clients; and a strikingly high prevalence of obesity, diabetes, heart disease and related conditions, and depressive symptoms were present among U.S. food pantry users. Interventions in food pantries have been successful in improving food security, weight and diabetic control but not dietary quality or intake. However, these few interventions hold promise and present a need for further research investment to address food security, dietary intake and health outcomes among food pantry clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University 700 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2059, United States.
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Eicher-Miller HA, Boushey CJ, Bailey RL, Yang YJ. Frequently Consumed Foods and Energy Contributions among Food Secure and Insecure U.S. Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020304. [PMID: 31979303 PMCID: PMC7070395 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity is associated with nutritional risk in children. This study identified and compared the most frequently consumed foods, beverages, and food groups and their contributions to energy intake among U.S. children and adolescents (6–11, 12–17 years) by food security status. Dietary intake from the day-1, 24-h dietary recall, and household child food security status were analyzed in the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 8123). Foods and beverages were classified into food categories, ranked, and compared by weighted proportional frequency and energy contribution for food security groups by age. Significant differences between household child food security groups were determined using the Rao-Scott modified chi-square statistic. The weighted proportional frequency of beverages (including diet, sweetened, juice, coffee, and tea) and their energy was significantly higher among food insecure compared with food secure while the reverse was true for water frequency among 12–17 years. Beverage and mixed dish frequency were higher among food insecure compared with food secure 6–11 years while the reverse was true for frequency and energy from snacks. Frequency-differentiated intake patterns for beverages and snacks by food security across age groups may inform dietary recommendations, population-specific dietary assessment tools, interventions, and policy for food insecure children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (C.J.B.); (R.L.B.); (Y.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-494-6815
| | - Carol J. Boushey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (C.J.B.); (R.L.B.); (Y.J.Y.)
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (C.J.B.); (R.L.B.); (Y.J.Y.)
| | - Yoon Jung Yang
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (C.J.B.); (R.L.B.); (Y.J.Y.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduk Women’s University, 60 Hwarang-ro 13-gil, Wolgok 2(i)-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136714, Korea
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Aqeel M, Forster A, Richards EA, Hennessy E, McGowan B, Bhadra A, Guo J, Gelfand S, Delp E, Eicher-Miller HA. The Effect of Timing of Exercise and Eating on Postprandial Response in Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010221. [PMID: 31952250 PMCID: PMC7019516 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a major public health concern. Management of this condition has focused on behavior modification through diet and exercise interventions. A growing body of evidence has focused on temporality of dietary intake and exercise and potential effects on health. This review summarizes current literature that investigates the question "how does the timing of exercise relative to eating throughout the day effect postprandial response in adults?" Databases PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched between March-May 2019. Experimental studies conducted in healthy adults (≥18 y) and those with type 2 diabetes were included. Full texts were examined by at least two independent reviewers. Twenty studies with a total of 352 participants met the inclusion criteria. The primary finding supports that exercise performed post-meal regardless of time of day had a beneficial impact on postprandial glycemia. There was insufficient evidence regarding whether timing of exercise performed pre- vs. post-meal or vice versa in a day is related to improved postprandial glycemic response due to inherent differences between studies. Future studies focusing on the investigation of timing and occurrence of meal intake and exercise throughout the day are needed to inform whether there is, and what is, an optimal time for these behaviors regarding long-term health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Anna Forster
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (A.F.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Richards
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (A.F.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Erin Hennessy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA;
| | - Bethany McGowan
- Libraries and School of Information Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.G.); (S.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Saul Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.G.); (S.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Edward Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.G.); (S.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Heather A. Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-494-6815; Fax: +1-765-494-0906
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Rivera RL, Maulding MK, Eicher-Miller HA. Effect of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) on food security and dietary outcomes. Nutr Rev 2019. [PMID: 31077323 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz013+[doi]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) is the nutrition promotion component of SNAP, formerly known as food stamps. SNAP-Ed assists low-income populations in the United States improve dietary intake and reduce food insecurity through nutrition education. This narrative review summarizes current investigations of SNAP-Ed's effectiveness at improving food security and dietary outcomes, and it can help inform future policy and implementation of the program. There was stronger evidence for SNAP-Ed as an effective means of improving food security (n = 4 reports) than for its effects on nutrition or dietary outcomes (n = 10 reports). Inconsistency in measurement tools and outcomes and a lack of strong study designs characterized the studies that sought to evaluate the effectiveness of SNAP-Ed at improving nutrition or dietary outcomes. Additional rigorous study designs in diverse population groups are needed to strengthen the evidence. In the face of reduced financial SNAP benefits, SNAP-Ed may play an important role in helping to eliminate food insecurity and improve dietary outcomes and, ultimately, the health of low-income Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa K Maulding
- Family Nutrition Program, Health and Human Sciences Cooperative Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Liu Y, Tooze JA, Zhang Y, Leidy HJ, Bailey RL, Wright B, Ma M, Stluka S, Remley DT, McCormack LA, Franzen-Castle L, Henne R, Mehrle D, Eicher-Miller HA. Breakfast Consumption Is Positively Associated with Usual Nutrient Intakes among Food Pantry Clients Living in Rural Communities. J Nutr 2019; 150:546-553. [PMID: 31711170 PMCID: PMC9890906 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast consumption has declined over the past 40 y and is inversely associated with obesity-related diet and health outcomes. The breakfast pattern of food pantry clients and its association with diet is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective is to investigate the association of breakfast consumption with diet quality and usual nutrient intakes among food pantry clients (n = 472) living in rural communities. METHODS This was an observational study using cross-sectional analyses. English-speaking participants ≥18 y (or ≥19 y in Nebraska) were recruited from 24 food pantries in rural high-poverty counties in Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, and South Dakota. Participants were surveyed at the pantry regarding characteristics and diet using 24-h recall. A second recall was self-completed or completed via assisted phone call within 2 wk of the pantry visit. Participants were classified as breakfast skippers when neither recall reported breakfast ≥230 kcal consumed between 04:00 and 10:00; breakfast consumers were all other participants. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 was modeled with breakfast pattern using multiple linear regression. Mean usual intake of 16 nutrients was estimated using the National Cancer Institute Method and compared across breakfast pattern groups. Usual nutrient intake was compared with the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI) to estimate the proportion of population not meeting the EAR or exceeding the AI. RESULTS A total of 56% of participants consumed breakfast. Compared with breakfast skippers, breakfast consumers had 10-59% significantly higher usual mean intakes of all nutrients (P ≤ 0.05), and had 12-21% lower prevalence of at-risk nutrient intakes except for vitamin D, vitamin E, and magnesium. CONCLUSIONS Adult food pantry clients living in rural communities experienced hardships in meeting dietary recommendations. Breakfast consumption was positively associated with usual nutrient intakes in this population. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03566095.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Liu
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA,Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, College of Natural Sciences, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Breanne Wright
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mengran Ma
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Suzanne Stluka
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Dan T Remley
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Wellness, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Ohio State University Extension, Piketon, OH, USA
| | - Lacey A McCormack
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Lisa Franzen-Castle
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Rebecca Henne
- Michigan State University Extension, Charlotte, MI, USA
| | - Donna Mehrle
- Department of Nutrition & Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri Extension, Columbia, MO, USA
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Remley DT, Eicher-Miller HA. Frequency of Food Pantry Use Is Associated with Diet Quality among Indiana Food Pantry Clients. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:1703-1712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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McCormack LA, Eicher-Miller HA, Remley DT, Moore LA, Stluka SR. The development and use of an assessment tool to capture changes in the food pantry nutrition environment and system of food distribution. Transl Behav Med 2019; 9:962-969. [DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The MyChoice Scorecard assesses the food pantry environment, including client-choice, and can be used by community professionals to document and facilitate meaningful change in pantries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey A McCormack
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | | | - Dan T Remley
- Family and Consumer Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lindsay A Moore
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Suzanne R Stluka
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Eicher-Miller HA, Gelfand S, Hwang Y, Delp E, Bhadra A, Guo J. Distance metrics optimized for clustering temporal dietary patterning among U.S. adults. Appetite 2019; 144:104451. [PMID: 31521771 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few attempts to determine dietary patterns have incorporated concepts of time, specifically time and proportion of energy intake consumed throughout a day. A type of modified dynamic time warping (MDTW) was previously developed using an appropriate distance metric for patterning these aspects to determine temporal dietary patterns (TDP). This study further explores dynamic time warping (DTW) distance metrics including unconstrained DTW (UDTW), constrained DTW (CDTW), and MDTW with modern spectral clustering methods to optimize TDP related to dietary quality. MDTW was expected to create TDP with the strongest relationships to dietary quality and distinct visualization among U.S. adults 20-65y of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. METHODS Proportional energy intake by time of day metrics were optimized to create TDP from complete day-one 24-h dietary recalls using MDTW, UDTW with only a standard local constraint, and CDTW with standard local and global banding constraints, then clustered using spectral clustering. The association between each TDP distance metric clustering and mean dietary quality, as indicated by the 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2005), were determined using multiple linear regression controlled for potential confounders. Strength of association for each model was compared using adjusted R-squared. The results were also visualized to make qualitative comparisons. RESULTS Four clusters representing distinct TDP for each distance metric by spectral clustering were generated among participants. MDTW exhibited TDP clusters with strongest associations to HEI compared with the TDP clusters generated from unconstrained and constrained DTW, and visualization of the TDP clusters from MDTW supported the association. IMPLICATION MDTW paired with spectral clustering is a useful tool for dimension reduction and uncovering temporal patterns with dietary data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Eicher-Miller
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Saul Gelfand
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 465 Northwestern Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Youngha Hwang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 465 Northwestern Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Edward Delp
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 465 Northwestern Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, 250 North University Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 465 Northwestern Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Rivera RL, Maulding MK, Eicher-Miller HA. Effect of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education (SNAP-Ed) on food security and dietary outcomes. Nutr Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz013 [doi]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education (SNAP-Ed) is the nutrition promotion component of SNAP, formerly known as food stamps. SNAP-Ed assists low-income populations in the United States improve dietary intake and reduce food insecurity through nutrition education. This narrative review summarizes current investigations of SNAP-Ed’s effectiveness at improving food security and dietary outcomes, and it can help inform future policy and implementation of the program. There was stronger evidence for SNAP-Ed as an effective means of improving food security (n = 4 reports) than for its effects on nutrition or dietary outcomes (n = 10 reports). Inconsistency in measurement tools and outcomes and a lack of strong study designs characterized the studies that sought to evaluate the effectiveness of SNAP-Ed at improving nutrition or dietary outcomes. Additional rigorous study designs in diverse population groups are needed to strengthen the evidence. In the face of reduced financial SNAP benefits, SNAP-Ed may play an important role in helping to eliminate food insecurity and improve dietary outcomes and, ultimately, the health of low-income Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa K Maulding
- Family Nutrition Program, Health and Human Sciences Cooperative Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Rivera RL, Maulding MK, Eicher-Miller HA. Effect of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education (SNAP-Ed) on food security and dietary outcomes. Nutr Rev 2019; 77:903-921. [PMID: 31077323 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education (SNAP-Ed) is the nutrition promotion component of SNAP, formerly known as food stamps. SNAP-Ed assists low-income populations in the United States improve dietary intake and reduce food insecurity through nutrition education. This narrative review summarizes current investigations of SNAP-Ed’s effectiveness at improving food security and dietary outcomes, and it can help inform future policy and implementation of the program. There was stronger evidence for SNAP-Ed as an effective means of improving food security (n = 4 reports) than for its effects on nutrition or dietary outcomes (n = 10 reports). Inconsistency in measurement tools and outcomes and a lack of strong study designs characterized the studies that sought to evaluate the effectiveness of SNAP-Ed at improving nutrition or dietary outcomes. Additional rigorous study designs in diverse population groups are needed to strengthen the evidence. In the face of reduced financial SNAP benefits, SNAP-Ed may play an important role in helping to eliminate food insecurity and improve dietary outcomes and, ultimately, the health of low-income Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rivera
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Melissa K Maulding
- Family Nutrition Program, Health and Human Sciences Cooperative Extension, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Jun S, Zeh MJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Bailey RL. Children's Dietary Quality and Micronutrient Adequacy by Food Security in the Household and among Household Children. Nutrients 2019; 11:E965. [PMID: 31035584 PMCID: PMC6567152 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's food-security status has been described largely based on either the classification of food security in the household or among household children, but few studies have investigated the relationship between food security among household children and overall dietary quality. Our goal was to examine children's dietary quality and micronutrient adequacy by food-security classification for the household and among household children. Data from 5540 children (2-17 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were analyzed. Food-security status was assessed using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module and categorized into high, marginal, low, and very low food security for the households and among household children. Dietary quality and micronutrient adequacy were characterized by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR; based on total nutrient intakes from diet and dietary supplements), respectively. The HEI 2015 scores did not substantially vary by either food-security classification, but the MAR was greater in high compared to very low food security in households and among household children; a linear relationship was found only among household children. In general, very good agreement was observed between the classifications, but the strength of agreement differed by children's age, race/Hispanic origin, and family income. In conclusion, micronutrient adequacy, but not dietary quality, significantly differed by food-security status. While the agreement between food security in the household and among household children is very good, classification of food security among household children may be more sensitive to detecting differences in exposure to nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Mary J Zeh
- Human Biology Program, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | | | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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