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Argyris PP, Saavedra F, Malz C, Stone IA, Wei Y, Boyle WS, Johnstone KF, Khammanivong A, Herzberg MC. Intracellular calprotectin (S100A8/A9) facilitates DNA damage responses and promotes apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2023; 137:106304. [PMID: 36608459 PMCID: PMC9877195 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), poor prognosis and low survival rates are associated with downregulated calprotectin. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion and facilitates G2/M cell cycle arrest. We investigated whether S100A8/A9 regulates DNA damage responses (DDR) and apoptosis in HNSCC after chemoradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human HNSCC cases in TCGA were analyzed for relationships between S100A8/A9 and expression of apoptosis-related genes. Next, S100A8/A9-expressing and non-expressing carcinoma lines (two different lineages) were exposed to genotoxic agents and assessed for 53BP1 and γH2AX expression and percent of viable/dead cells. Finally, S100A8/A9-wild-type and S100A8/A9null C57BL/6j mice were treated with 4-NQO to induce oral dysplastic and carcinomatous lesions, which were compared for levels of 53BP1. RESULTS In S100A8/A9-high HNSCC tumors, apoptosis-related caspase family member genes were upregulated, whereas genes limiting apoptosis were significantly downregulated based on TCGA analyses. After X-irradiation or camptothecin treatment, S100A8/A9-expressing carcinoma cells (i.e., TR146 and KB-S100A8/A9) showed significantly higher 53BP1 and γH2AX expression, DNA fragmentation, proportions of dead cells, and greater sensitivity to cisplatin than wild-type KB or TR146-S100A8/A9-KD cells. Interestingly, KB-S100A8/A9Δ113-114 cells showed similar 53BP1 and γH2AX levels to S100A8/A9-negative KB and KB-EGFP cells. After 4-NQO treatment, 53BP1 expression in oral lesions was significantly greater in calprotectin+/+ than S100A8/A9null mice. CONCLUSIONS In HNSCC cells, intracellular calprotectin is strongly suggested to potentiate DDR and promote apoptosis in response to genotoxic agents. Hence, patients with S100A8/A9-high HNSCC may encounter more favorable outcomes because more tumor cells enter apoptosis with increased sensitivity to chemoradiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Flávia Saavedra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chris Malz
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ian A Stone
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yuping Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William S Boyle
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Karen F Johnstone
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Mark C Herzberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Fiege JK, Stone IA, Dumm RE, Waring BM, Fife BT, Agudo J, Brown BD, Heaton NS, Langlois RA. Long-term surviving influenza infected cells evade CD8+ T cell mediated clearance. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008077. [PMID: 31557273 PMCID: PMC6782110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a seasonal pathogen with the potential to cause devastating pandemics. IAV infects multiple epithelial cell subsets in the respiratory tract, eliciting damage to the lungs. Clearance of IAV is primarily dependent on CD8+ T cells, which must balance control of the infection with immunopathology. Using a virus expressing Cre recombinase to permanently label infected cells in a Cre-inducible reporter mouse, we previously discovered infected club cells that survive both lytic virus replication and CD8+ T cell-mediated clearance. In this study, we demonstrate that ciliated epithelial cells, type I and type II alveolar cells can also become survivor cells. Survivor cells are stable in the lung long-term and demonstrate enhanced proliferation compared to uninfected cells. When we investigated how survivor cells evade CD8+ T cell killing we observed that survivor cells upregulated the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, but survivor cells did not use PD-L1 to evade CD8+ T cell killing. Instead our data suggest that survivor cells are not inherently resistant to CD8+ T cell killing, but instead no longer present IAV antigen and cannot be detected by CD8+ T cells. Finally, we evaluate the failure of CD8+ T cells to kill these previously infected cells. This work demonstrates that additional cell types can survive IAV infection and that these cells robustly proliferate and are stable long term. By sparing previously infected cells, the adaptive immune system may be minimizing pathology associated with IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Fiege
- University of Minnesota, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Center for Immunology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ian A. Stone
- University of Minnesota, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Center for Immunology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rebekah E. Dumm
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Barbara M. Waring
- University of Minnesota, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Center for Immunology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brian T. Fife
- University of Minnesota, Department of Medicine and the Center for Immunology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Judith Agudo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian D. Brown
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas S. Heaton
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ryan A. Langlois
- University of Minnesota, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Center for Immunology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fiege JK, Stone IA, Fay EJ, Markman MW, Wijeyesinghe S, Macchietto MG, Shen S, Masopust D, Langlois RA. The Impact of TCR Signal Strength on Resident Memory T Cell Formation during Influenza Virus Infection. J Immunol 2019; 203:936-945. [PMID: 31235552 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (TRM) in the lung are vital for heterologous protection against influenza A virus (IAV). Environmental factors are necessary to establish lung TRM; however, the role of T cell-intrinsic factors like TCR signal strength have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the impact of TCR signal strength on the generation and maintenance of lung TRM after IAV infection. We inserted high- and low-affinity OT-I epitopes into IAV and infected mice after transfer of OT-I T cells. We uncovered a bias in TRM formation in the lung elicited by lower affinity TCR stimulation. TCR affinity did not impact the overall phenotype or long-term maintenance of lung TRM Overall, these findings demonstrate that TRM formation is negatively correlated with increased TCR signal strength. Lower affinity cells may have an advantage in forming TRM to ensure diversity in the Ag-specific repertoire in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Fiege
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ian A Stone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Elizabeth J Fay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
| | - Matthew W Markman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Sathi Wijeyesinghe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Marissa G Macchietto
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Steven Shen
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ryan A Langlois
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; .,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
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