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Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Sugawa T, Kosugi D, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Taura D, Harada N, Inagaki N. Prediction-based prompt levothyroxine replacement to prevent a hypothyroid state after immune-related adverse events involving the thyroid gland. Endocr J 2023; 70:987-998. [PMID: 37574279 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej23-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used for various malignancies, although they frequently cause immune-related adverse events involving the thyroid gland (thyroid irAEs). We conducted a retrospective cohort study to elucidate thyroid function outcomes. Fifty of 639 patients who received PD-1 blockade therapy met criteria and were divided into the following groups: thyrotoxicosis with subsequent hypothyroidism (Toxic-Hypo, n = 21); thyrotoxicosis without subsequent hypothyroidism (Toxic, n = 9); and hypothyroidism without prior thyrotoxicosis (Hypo, n = 20). The Toxic-Hypo group developed thyroid irAEs earlier than the Toxic group (26 vs. 91 days; p < 0.001), and had higher serum free T4 levels (3.210 vs. 1.880 ng/dL; p = 0.011). In addition, positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) at thyroid irAE onset were more common in the Toxic-Hypo group (93.3%) than in the Toxic group (0.0%; p = 0.005) and Hypo group (44.4%; p = 0.007). The Toxic-Hypo group developed severe hypothyroidism and required larger levothyroxine (LT4) doses than the Hypo group (75 vs. 25 μg/day; p = 0.007). We predicted that patients with positive TgAbs who developed severe thyrotoxicosis within 4 weeks after the first ICI administration would develop subsequent hypothyroidism. We treated 4 such patients with prompt LT4 replacement, characterized by LT4 initiation after thyrotoxicosis improvement and quick dose titration. Their euthyroid state was successfully maintained, in contrast with patients receiving conventional replacement. In conclusion, rapid-onset severe thyrotoxicosis in patients with TgAbs correlated with a high likelihood of subsequent hypothyroidism. Accordingly, prompt LT4 replacement is suggested to prevent a severely hypothyroid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kosugi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, PIIF Tazuke-kofukai, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
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Sakaki K, Murakami T, Fujimoto H, Shimizu Y, Miyake KK, Otani D, Kiyobayashi S, Okada T, Fujimoto M, Hakata T, Yamauchi I, Shimada K, Shimizu H, Nagai K, Nakamoto Y, Inagaki N. 18F-labeled PEGylated exendin-4 imaging noninvasively differentiates insulinoma from an accessory spleen: the first case report of [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 positron emission tomography/computed tomography for insulinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1245573. [PMID: 37720533 PMCID: PMC10501723 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1245573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulinomas are the most common functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, and these tumors induce hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinemia. Hypoglycemia caused by insulinomas can cause seizures, coma or death due to the delayed diagnosis. The only curative treatment is surgical resection. To perform curative surgical resection of insulinomas, preoperative localization is crucial. However, localization of insulinomas is often challenging using conventional imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) fine-needle aspiration and selective arterial calcium stimulation test, which can reflect the endocrine character of the tumor, are performed in such cases, these modalities are invasive and require operator-dependent techniques. Additionally, somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted imaging has a relatively low sensitivity for detecting insulinomas due to its low SSTR type 2 expression. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing a noninvasive diagnostic technique which is specific for detecting insulinomas. Consequently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-targeted imaging has recently emerged and gained a wide interest. Recently, we have developed a novel 18F-labeled exendin-4-based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 (18F-exendin-4), for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Here we report a case of insulinoma in which 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT noninvasively provided critical information for localization. Case description This is a case of a 58-year-old male with symptomatic hypoglycemia for 10 years; however, a preoperative diagnosis of insulinoma was not established due to the difficulty in differentiating it from an accessory spleen using conventional imaging. Moreover, the patient requested to avoid invasive diagnostic procedures including EUS. 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT revealed significant uptakes in the pancreatic tail whereas no apparent uptakes were observed in the spleen; thus, curative laparoscopic enucleation of the pancreatic tail was performed. The diagnosis of insulinoma was confirmed via histopathological examination. This is the first case report of insulinoma diagnosed using 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT. Conclusion In this case, PET information led to curative resection through enucleation of the pancreas. 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT may serve as a useful noninvasive clinical tool for insulinoma localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Sakaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanae Kawai Miyake
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Otani
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shimada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nagai
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Medical Research Institute Kitano HospitalPIIF Tazuke-kofukai, Osaka, Japan
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Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Ueda Y, Sugawa T, Omagari R, Teramoto Y, Nakayama SF, Nakajima D, Kubo T, Inagaki N. TRIAC disrupts cerebral thyroid hormone action via negative feedback and heterogenous distribution among organs. iScience 2023; 26:107135. [PMID: 37408688 PMCID: PMC10319255 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC), a metabolite of thyroid hormones (THs), was previously detected in sewage effluent, we aimed to investigate exogenous TRIAC's potential for endocrine disruption. We administered either TRIAC or 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (LT3) to euthyroid mice and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil-induced hypothyroid mice. In hypothyroid mice, TRIAC administration suppressed the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and upregulated TH-responsive genes in the pituitary gland, the liver, and the heart. We observed that, unlike LT3, TRIAC administration did not upregulate cerebral TH-responsive genes. Measurement of TRIAC contents suggested that TRIAC was not efficiently trafficked into the cerebrum. By analyzing euthyroid mice, we found that cerebral TRIAC content did not increase despite TRIAC administration at higher concentrations, whereas serum levels and cerebral contents of THs were substantially decreased. Disruption by TRIAC is due to the additive effects of circulating endogenous THs being depleted via a negative feedback loop involving the HPT axis and heterogeneous distribution of TRIAC among different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryo Omagari
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Yasuo Teramoto
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shoji F. Nakayama
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Medical Research Institute KITANO HOSPITAL, PIIF Tazuke-kofukai, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
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Ueba Y, Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Ikeda K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Taura D, Inagaki N. Delayed-onset immune-related adverse events involving the thyroid gland by immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy: a case report and retrospective cohort study. Endocr J 2023; 70:323-332. [PMID: 36464271 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) frequently cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that often involve endocrine organs. Pembrolizumab and atezolizumab are currently administered in combination with chemotherapy for several malignancies. Although transient thyrotoxicosis within 6 weeks after the first ICI dose is the typical course of thyroid irAEs with ICI monotherapy, we encountered a unique course of a thyroid irAE in a patient who received combination therapy consisting of pembrolizumab plus pemetrexed and carboplatin. Delayed onset of thyrotoxicosis occurred at 22 weeks after the first dose of pembrolizumab. To understand more about this curious event, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of the following groups: pembrolizumab monotherapy (Pem-mono), pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (Pem-combi), atezolizumab monotherapy (Atezo-mono), and atezolizumab plus chemotherapy (Atezo-combi). There were no differences in the incidence of overt thyroid irAEs: Pem-mono, 12 of 151 patients (7.9%) versus Pem-combi, 4 of 56 patients (7.1%) (p = 0.85) and Atezo-mono, 5 of 27 patients (18.5%) versus Atezo-combi, 5 of 57 patients (8.8%) (p = 0.20). Through detailed analyses of patients with thyrotoxicosis, we found some patients with delayed-onset thyroid irAE, defined as development at 16 weeks or more after the first ICI dose. Delayed-onset thyroid irAEs were only observed in the combination therapy groups: Pem-combi or Atezo-combi, 3 of 8 patients versus Pem-mono or Atezo-mono, 0 of 10 patients. Our observation that thyroid irAE development can be delayed with ICIs when used in combination with chemotherapy suggests longer monitoring of thyroid function is needed to avoid missing irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ueba
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kaori Ikeda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research Facilitation, Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Yamauchi I, Sakane Y, Yamashita T, Hakata T, Sugawa T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Taura D, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. ODP478 Effects of peripheral iodothyronine deiodinases on thyroid hormone economy: Insights from the overexpressing mice. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9625510 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In peripheral tissues, triiodothyronine (T3) production and consequent thyroid hormone actions are mainly regulated by iodothyronine deiodinases (DIOs) classified into 3 types: D1, D2, and D3. Although thyroid hormone economy in the DIO-deficient mice and patients carrying genetic variants of DIOs was well clarified, a condition of DIOs upregulation was not enough elucidated. We aimed to investigate effects of peripheral DIOs on thyroid hormone economy and consequent thyroid hormone action using novel DIO-overexpressing mice that were not yet generated. Methods We cloned coding sequences of human DIOs with FLAG-tag and HiBiT-tag sequences into a pcDNA3.1 vector. To obtain full-length proteins, we modified these vectors by cloning selenocysteine insertion sequence of each DIO (SECIS vectors). Western blot analyses and HiBiT lytic assay using HEK293T cells revealed that SECIS vectors expressed full-length proteins with substantial activity. Subsequently, in vivo transfections of pLIVE-based SECIS vectors into male C57BL/6J mice were performed by hydrodynamic gene delivery to generate mice overexpressing DIOs (D1, D2, and D3 mice). Results First, we verified that DIOs were successfully overexpressed in the livers using HiBiT lytic assay as well as RT-PCR. Analyses of multiple organs of D3 mice assured that full-length protein was not significantly expressed in the heart, the kidney, and the skeletal muscle. RT-PCR analyses also suggested that the pituitary glands and the thyroid glands were not transfected. We evaluated thyroid hormone economy of DIO-overexpressing mice compared to Empty mice transfected with pLIVE-Empty vector. D1 mice did not have changes in serum thyroid hormone levels, whereas D2 mice had higher serum fT3 levels. Clearer changes were found in D3 mice. They had hypothyroidism with higher serum rT3 levels. Correspondingly, in their livers, rT3 concentration was higher and T3-responsive genes were downregulated. We elucidated by adding the cohort with levothyroxine (LT4) administration because DIO-overexpressing mice had liver T4 insufficiency probably due to consumption by DIOs. Comparisons between the DIO-overexpressing mice with and without LT4 administration revealed that D2 mice presented upregulation of T3-responsive genes by LT4 administration distinct from Empty mice. Conclusions We generated DIO-overexpressing mice that expressed human DIOs predominantly in the liver. They provided physiological evidence to integrate the phenotypes of the knockout mice and specific clinical situations. D2 mice seemed to recruit T3 into the circulation as well as in the liver. D3 mice had an overt phenotype characterized by consumptive hypothyroidism. In addition, D3 mice are expected to be a novel hypothyroidism model that does not involve disruption of thyroidal hormone secretion. DIO-overexpressing mice can be generated by single injections of plasmid vectors of interest and can contribute to progress in the field of thyroid hormone economy and action. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Omagari R, Yagishita M, Shiraishi F, Nakayama SF, Terasaki M, Tanigawa T, Yamauchi I, Kubo T, Nakajima D. Identification by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry of the Contributor to the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Agonist Activity in Effluents from Sewage Treatment Plants. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:13709-13718. [PMID: 36100216 PMCID: PMC9536310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
3,3',5-Triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) was identified as a major contributor to the activity of thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists in environmental water. TRIAC contributed 60-148% of the TR-agonist activity in effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs). Meanwhile, the contributions of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronine (T4), and analogues were <1%. TRIAC concentrations in the range of 0.30-4.2 ng/L are likely enough to cause disruption of the thyroid system in living aquatic organisms. The origin of TRIAC in the STP effluents was investigated by analyzing both STP influents and effluents. Relatively high concentrations of T3 and T4 (2.5 and 6.3 ng/L, respectively) were found only in the influents. TRIAC was identified only in the effluents. These findings suggested that T3 and T4 in STP influents were potentially converted into TRIAC during activated sludge treatment or by other means. The evaluation of TRIAC at relevant environmental concentrations by in vivo assays and an appropriate treatment to reduce the TR activity in sewage are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Omagari
- Health
and Environmental Risk Division, National
Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Mayuko Yagishita
- Department
of Life and Environmental Science, Prefectural
University of Hiroshima, Shobara
City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
| | - Fujio Shiraishi
- Health
and Environmental Risk Division, National
Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shoji F. Nakayama
- Health
and Environmental Risk Division, National
Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Masanori Terasaki
- Graduate
School of Arts and Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka City, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanigawa
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku,Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department
of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Department
of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Health
and Environmental Risk Division, National
Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba
University, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Yamauchi I, Sakane Y, Okuno Y, Sugawa T, Hakata T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Taura D, Yamashita T, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. High-throughput Screening in Combination With a Cohort Study for Iodothyronine Deiodinases. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6607576. [PMID: 35695766 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory mechanisms of iodothyronine deiodinases (DIOs) require further elucidation, and conventional methods for evaluating DIOs are unsuitable for high-throughput screening (HTS). Here we explored factors of transcriptional regulation of 3 types of DIOs (DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3) from a chemical library using our designed HTS. We constructed HTS based on a promoter assay and performed a screen of 2480 bioactive compounds. For compounds that were clinically approved, we validated hit compounds through a retrospective cohort study in our department that evaluated changes in thyroid function in patients using the compounds as drug therapy. Furthermore, we verified the involvement of DIOs using mice treated with the compounds. Of the hit compounds, 6 and 7 compounds transcriptionally up- and downregulated DIO1, respectively; 34 transcriptionally upregulated DIO2; and 5 and 2 compounds transcriptionally up- and downregulated DIO3, respectively. The cohort study clarified the clinical effects of some hit compounds: ritodrine increased free triiodothyronine (fT3)/free thyroxine (fT4) ratio and decreased serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, tadalafil increased serum fT3 levels, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) decreased serum fT3 and fT4 levels and increased serum TSH levels. Following in vivo experiments using treated mice, consistent results were observed in ritodrine, which upregulated DIO2 in the thyroid gland. In conclusion, we completed HTS for DIOs and obtained attractive hit compounds. Our cohort study revealed the clinical significance of ritodrine, sildenafil, and TKIs. We hope our unique method will contribute to analyzing various targets and lists of hit compounds will promote understanding of DIOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Sugawa Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Okuno
- Medical Research Support Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Metabolism and Endocrinology Division of Internal Medicine, Kishiwada City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Miyazaki Y, Ichimura A, Kitayama R, Okamoto N, Yasue T, Liu F, Kawabe T, Nagatomo H, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Nakao K, Kakizawa S, Nishi M, Mori Y, Akiyama H, Nakao K, Takeshima H. C-type natriuretic peptide facilitates autonomic Ca 2+ entry in growth plate chondrocytes for stimulating bone growth. eLife 2022; 11:71931. [PMID: 35287796 PMCID: PMC8923661 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth plates are cartilage tissues found at both ends of developing bones, and vital proliferation and differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes are primarily responsible for bone growth. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) stimulates bone growth by activating natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) which is equipped with guanylate cyclase on the cytoplasmic side, but its signaling pathway is unclear in growth plate chondrocytes. We previously reported that transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7 (TRPM7) channels mediate intermissive Ca2+ influx in growth plate chondrocytes, leading to activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) for promoting bone growth. In this report, we provide evidence from experiments using mutant mice, indicating a functional link between CNP and TRPM7 channels. Our pharmacological data suggest that CNP-evoked NPR2 activation elevates cellular cGMP content and stimulates big-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ (BK) channels as a substrate for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). BK channel-induced hyperpolarization likely enhances the driving force of TRPM7-mediated Ca2+ entry and seems to accordingly activate CaMKII. Indeed, ex vivo organ culture analysis indicates that CNP-facilitated bone growth is abolished by chondrocyte-specific Trpm7 gene ablation. The defined CNP signaling pathway, the NPR2-PKG-BK channel–TRPM7 channel–CaMKII axis, likely pinpoints promising target proteins for developing new therapeutic treatments for divergent growth disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yasue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Feng Liu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagatomo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takuro Hakata
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Kakizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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9
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Kondo A, Murakami T, Fujii T, Tatsumi M, Ueda-Sakane Y, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Ogura M, Taura D, Inagaki N. Opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency in transdermal fentanyl treatment: a revisited diagnosis in clinical setting. Endocr J 2022; 69:209-215. [PMID: 34483147 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are widely used for treatment of acute and chronic pain. However, opioids have several well-known clinical adverse effects such as constipation, nausea, respiratory depression and drowsiness. Endocrine dysfunctions are also opioid-induced adverse effects but remain under-diagnosed in clinical settings, especially opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency (OIAI). A 46-year-old woman was treated with transdermal fentanyl at a dose of 90-120 mg daily morphine milligram equivalent for non-malignant chronic pain for four years. Fatigue, loss of appetite and decrease in vitality began about two years after starting fentanyl. Subsequently, constipation and abdominal pain appeared and became worse, which led to suspicion of adrenal insufficiency. Clinical diagnosis of OIAI was established based on laboratory findings of secondary adrenal insufficiency, including corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test, clinical history of long-term fentanyl use, and exclusion of other hypothalamic-pituitary diseases. Oral corticosteroid replacement therapy was unable to relieve her abdominal pain and constipation; opioid-rotation and dose-reduction of fentanyl were not feasible because of her persistent pain and severe anxiety. While her clinical course clearly suggested that long-term, relatively high-dose transdermal fentanyl treatment may have contributed to the development of secondary adrenal insufficiency, the symptoms associated with OIAI are generally non-specific and complex. Together with under-recognition of OIAI as a clinical entity, the non-specific, wide range of symptoms can impede prompt diagnosis. Thus, vigilance for early symptoms enabling treatments including corticosteroid replacement therapy is necessary for patients taking long-term and/or high dose opioid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Makiko Tatsumi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ueda-Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahito Ogura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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10
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Yamauchi I, Yamashita T, Sugawa T, Tagami T, Hanaoka I, Usui T, Hirota K, Hakata T, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Sakane Y, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Bezafibrate induces hypothyroidism in a patient with resistance to thyroid hormone β due to a G347R variant. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 96:236-245. [PMID: 34519083 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A unique clinical course was observed in a patient with resistance to thyroid hormone β (RTHβ) caused by a variant of the THRB gene leading to the replacement of glycine with arginine in codon 347 (p.G347R). He presented with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of thyrotropin (TSH) (free T4 [fT4]: 32.43 pmol/L, TSH: 4.67 mIU/L), but slowly developed progressive hypothyroidism (fT4: 8.37 pmol/L, TSH: 100.90 mIU/L) that resolved after suspending bezafibrate (BZ) treatment (fT4: 32.18 pmol/L, TSH: 7.14 mIU/L). This study clinically and experimentally evaluated this interesting phenomenon. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis of non-RTHβ patients was performed at Kyoto University Hospital. Data before BZ treatment were compared to the first data after treatment. Using reporter assays of iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3) in HEK293T cells, we performed functional analyses of mutant thyroid hormone receptor β with p.G347R (G347R TRβ). Mice with G347R TRβ were generated by hydrodynamic gene delivery. RESULTS In non-RTHβ patients (n = 7), BZ treatment did not change serum free T3 and TSH but significantly increased fT4 (p = .008). BZ administration increased DIO3 reporter activity in the context of G347R TRβ, whereas did not change DIO1 and DIO2 reporter activity. In the livers of mice with G347R TRβ, BZ administration increased reverse T3 content, which corresponded to an increase in Dio3 messenger RNA. CONCLUSIONS While hypothyroidism associated with BZ treatment did not occur in non-RTHβ patients, it was observed in a patient with RTHβ due to the p.G347R variant. Liver DIO3 upregulation might involve this hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Metabolism and Endocrinology Division of Internal Medicine, Kishiwada City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuko Hanaoka
- Metabolism and Endocrinology Division of Internal Medicine, Kishiwada City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Sugawa Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Yamauchi I, Sakane Y, Yamashita T, Hakata T, Sugawa T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Taura D, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Thyroid hormone economy in mice overexpressing iodothyronine deiodinases. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22141. [PMID: 34981562 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101288rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In peripheral tissues, triiodothyronine (T3) production and consequent thyroid hormone actions are mainly regulated by iodothyronine deiodinases (DIOs) classified into 3 types: D1, D2, and D3. We aimed to investigate the effects of peripheral DIOs on thyroid hormone economy independent of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. We cloned coding sequences of human DIOs with FLAG-tag and HiBiT-tag sequences into a pcDNA3.1 vector. To obtain full-length proteins, we modified these vectors by cloning the selenocysteine insertion sequence of each DIO (SECIS vectors). Western blot analyses and HiBiT lytic assay using HEK293T cells revealed that SECIS vectors expressed full-length proteins with substantial activity. Subsequently, in vivo transfections of pLIVE-based SECIS vectors into male C57BL/6J mice were performed by hydrodynamic gene delivery to generate mice overexpressing DIOs predominantly in the liver (D1, D2, and D3 mice). After 7 days from transfections, mice were analyzed to clarify phenotypes. To summarize, serum thyroid hormone levels did not change in D1 mice but D2 mice had higher serum free T3 levels. D3 mice developed hypothyroidism with higher serum reverse T3 (rT3) levels. Transfections with levothyroxine administration suggested that thyroid hormone action was upregulated in D2 mice. Our DIO-overexpressing mice provided insights on the physiological properties of upregulated DIOs: D2 augments local thyroid hormone action and recruits T3 into the circulation: D3 decreases circulating T3 and T4 levels with elevated rT3, leading to consumptive hypothyroidism. As D3 mice are expected to be a novel hypothyroidism model, they can contribute to progress in the field of thyroid hormone economy and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Sugawa Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Metabolism and Endocrinology Division of Internal Medicine, Kishiwada City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamauchi I, Ueda Y, Sugawa T, Hakata T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Ohno Y, Fujii T, Taura D, Inagaki N. Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Due to a GNA11 Variant: The First Case in Japan. J Endocr Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to hypoparathyroidism. ADH type 1 is caused by gain-of-function variants in CASR gene coding the calcium-sensing receptor. Recently, ADH type 2 caused by gain-of-function variants in GNA11 gene coding G-protein subunit α11 has been recognized.
Case: A 32-year-old female patient visited our hospital because she suffered from hyperhidrosis, exertional dyspnea, and palpitations. She had a past medical history of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia confirmed by genetic analysis of PRRT2. Although her sister has unspecified epilepsy, no members of her kindred have episodes of tetany. Her height was 155.7 cm and weight was 64.1 kg. She had goiter with tremor and tachycardia and was diagnosed as Graves’ disease (fT3 >32.55 pg/mL, fT4 >7.77 ng/dL, TSH <0.005 µIU/mL, and TRAb 36.9 IU/L). Thiamazole therapy ameliorated her hyperthyroidism, while serum calcium level was low (7.5 mg/dL) and serum phosphate level was slight high (5.1 mg/dL). Hypoparathyroidism was confirmed because intact-PTH was relatively low (20 pg/mL) under the hypocalcemia. Her episode of tetany that she could not sit on her heels from childhood and her basal ganglia calcification in head CT scan suggest the long disease duration. Germline whole exome sequence detected a rare variant in GNA11 gene; c.1023C>A resulted in p.Phe341Leu. There were no relevant pathogenic variants in other candidate genes such as CASR, PTH, and GCM2. Treatment with 2 µg/day of alfacalcidol and 1200 mg/day of calcium aspartate could not normalize serum calcium level (7.0 mg/dL) and serum phosphate level (5.3 mg/dL) even after 1 year.
Conclusions: The pathogenicity of the variant, p.Phe341Leu, in GNA11 gene was previously confirmed [1]. ADH type 2 is extremely rare as our literature review found only four previous reports; 17 patients in 5 families [1–4]. Phenotypes of the present case are mild and skeletal growth is normal. Meanwhile, we are having difficulty in management of her hypocalcemia, even though Graves’ disease might affect her bone metabolism. Optimal therapy for ADH type 2 needs further investigation.
References: [1] Nesbit et al. Mutations Affecting G-protein Subunit α11 in Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia. N Engl J Med. 2013; 368: 2476–2486. [2] Li et al. Autosomal Dominant Hypoparathyroidism Caused by Germline Mutation in GNA11: Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99: 1774–83. [3] Piret et al. Identification of a G-Protein Subunit-α11 Gain-of-Function Mutation, Val340Met, in a Family With Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Type 2 (ADH2). J Bone Miner Res. 2016; 31: 1207–14. [4] Tenhola et al. Impaired Growth and Intracranial Calcifications in Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Caused by a GNA11 Mutation. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016; 175: 211–8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taku Sugawa
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Youichi Ohno
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Taura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Yamauchi I, Taura D, Hakata T, Fujita H, Okamoto K, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Inagaki N. Clinical features and thyroid dysfunction in adverse events involving the pituitary gland during PD-1 blockade therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 94:258-268. [PMID: 33037658 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade therapy, an immune checkpoint treatment, can induce hypophysitis or hypopituitarism as an immune-related adverse event (pituitary irAE). We aimed to clarify the clinical features of pituitary irAEs during PD-1 blockade therapy. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS This retrospective study investigated consecutive patients treated with nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, at Kyoto University Hospital between 1 September 2014 and 31 August 2019. We examined patients' baseline characteristics and analysed the clinical data of those who developed pituitary irAEs. RESULTS Of the 374 recruited patients, 7 (1.9%) developed pituitary irAEs, and each presented with isolated secondary adrenal insufficiency. In 4 patients, changes in ACTH were delayed relative to those in cortisol: when serum cortisol levels fell below the reference range, plasma ACTH levels were still normal. Pituitary irAEs were accompanied by elevated serum-free T3 (fT3) levels, which resolved with glucocorticoid replacement. Serum TSH levels were not suppressed despite elevated serum fT3 levels and 1 patient even presented with high fT3 level above the reference range (fT3, 7.1 pmol/L; free T4 (fT4), 13.9 pmol/L; and TSH, 5.1 mIU/L). CONCLUSIONS Isolated secondary adrenal insufficiency was a common pituitary irAE during PD-1 blockade therapy. This condition was accompanied by thyroid dysfunction, including elevation of fT3 without TSH suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Ueda Y, Hirota K, Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Yamashita T, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Is C-type natriuretic peptide regulated by a feedback loop? A study on systemic and local autoregulatory effect. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240023. [PMID: 33002060 PMCID: PMC7529242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a pivotal enhancer of endochondral bone growth and is expected to be a therapeutic reagent for impaired skeletal growth. Although we showed that CNP stimulates bone growth as a local regulator in the growth plate via the autocrine/paracrine system, CNP is abundantly produced in other various tissues and its blood concentration is reported to correlate positively with growth velocity. Therefore we investigated the systemic regulation of CNP levels using rodent models. In order to examine whether CNP undergoes systemic feedback regulation, we investigated blood CNP levels and local CNP expression in various tissues, including cartilage, of 4-week-old rats after systemic administration of sufficient amounts of exogenous CNP (0.5 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. This CNP administration did not alter blood NT-proCNP levels in male rats but decreased mRNA expression only in tissue that included cartilage. Decrease in expression and blood NT-proCNP were greater in female rats. To analyze the existence of direct autoregulation of CNP in the periphery as an autocrine/paracrine system, we estimated the effect of exogenous supplementation of CNP on the expression of endogenous CNP itself in the growth plate cartilage of extracted fetal murine tibias and in ATDC5, a chondrogenic cell line. We found no alteration of endogenous CNP expression after incubation with adequate concentrations of exogenous CNP for 4 and 24 hours, which were chosen to observe primary and later transcriptional effects, respectively. These results indicate that CNP is not directly autoregulated but indirectly autoregulated in cartilage tissue. A feedback system is crucial for homeostatic regulation and further studies are needed to elucidate the regulatory system of CNP production and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (YU); (AY)
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kishiwada City Hospital, Kishiwada-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (YU); (AY)
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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15
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Yamauchi I, Yasoda A, Yamashita T, Ueda Y, Fujii T, Taura D, Sone M, Inagaki N. SAT-416 Novel Autoantibodies for Thyroid-Specific Transcriptional Factors in Patients with Immune-Related Adverse Events Involving the Thyroid Gland. J Endocr Soc 2020. [PMCID: PMC7209760 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune-related adverse events by immune checkpoint inhibitors often involve several endocrine-related organs. PD-1 pathway blockade therapy by anti-PD-1 antibodies including nivolumab frequently causes thyroid dysfunction (thyroid irAE). Thyroid irAE seems to be distinctive compared to conventional painless thyroiditis in terms of a clinical course: transient thyrotoxicosis and subsequent persistent hypothyroidism [1]. Our retrospective cohort study regarding nivolumab provided several suggestions [2]. The thyroid irAE (+) group had a longer median overall survival than the thyroid irAE (−) group in patients with lung cancer, but this observation was not seen in patients with malignant melanoma: In addition, 5 of 17 patients tested at the point of thyroid dysfunction development were double negative for TPOAbs and TgAbs, known thyroid autoantibodies. From these findings, we set a hypothesis that antibodies for unknown antigens mediate prognostic effects of thyroid irAEs if tumor tissues express the same antigens. Methods: We performed co-immunoprecipitation using Protein G beads, sera of three patients with thyroid irAEs, and lysates of HEK293T cells overexpressing candidate proteins tagged with FLAG and HiBit (NKX2-1, PAX8, FOXE1, and HHEX). The pellets were analyzed by western blot. Results: FOXE1 bands were augmented in patient 1 with lung cancer, a PAX8 band in patient 2 with malignant melanoma, and bands of FOXE1, PAX8, and HHEX in patient 3 with renal cell carcinoma, compared to a control sample of a normal subject. We performed subcutaneous injections of purified IgG fraction from the serum of patient 3 to C57BL/6 mice every 2 weeks. The mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks, but no significant changes were observed in their thyroid glands and thyroid function. Conclusions: We identified novel autoantibodies for FOXE1, PAX8, and HHEX, thyroid-specific transcriptional factors. In our experiments, the pathogenicity of antibodies were not suggested. Considering our previous observation that the thyroid gland expresses both PD-L1 and PD-L2, ligands of PD-1 receptor [1], PD-1 pathway blockade may particularly disrupt immune tolerance of the thyroid gland, resulting in autoantibody production. Because thyroid irAEs have been revealed to be a prognostic factor, these novel autoantibodies are candidate biomarkers for PD-1 pathway blockade therapy. References: 1. Yamauchi et al. Clinical Features of Nivolumab-Induced Thyroiditis: A Case Series Study. Thyroid. 2017; 27(7): 894–901. 2. Yamauchi et al. Incidence, features, and prognosis of immune-related adverse events involving the thyroid gland induced by nivolumab. PLoS One. 2019; 14(5): e0216954.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamashita T, Fujii T, Yamauchi I, Ueda Y, Hirota K, Kanai Y, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Restores Growth Impairment Under Enzyme Replacement in Mice With Mucopolysaccharidosis VII. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5715045. [PMID: 31974587 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Growth impairment in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) is an unresolved issue as it is resistant to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and growth hormone therapy. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a promising agent that has growth-promoting effects. Here we investigate the effects of CNP on growth impairment of MPSs using Gusbmps-2J mice, a model for MPS type VII, with combination therapy of CNP and ERT by hydrodynamic gene delivery. Although monotherapies were not sufficient to restore short statures of treated mice, combination therapy resulted in successful restoration. The synergistic effects of CNP and ERT were not only observed in skeletal growth but also in growth plates. ERT reduced cell swelling in the resting zone and increased cell number by accelerating proliferation or inhibiting apoptosis. CNP thickened the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. Regarding changes in the bone, ERT restored bone sclerosis through decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption, and CNP did not adversely affect this process. In addition, improvement of joint deformation by ERT was suggested by analyses of joint spaces and articular cartilage. CNP additively provided restoration of the short stature of MPS VII mice in combination with ERT, which improved abnormalities of growth plates and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Kyoto University Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Ueda Y, Yasoda A, Hirota K, Yamauchi I, Yamashita T, Kanai Y, Sakane Y, Fujii T, Inagaki N. Exogenous C-type natriuretic peptide therapy for impaired skeletal growth in a murine model of glucocorticoid treatment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8547. [PMID: 31189976 PMCID: PMC6561908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth retardation is an important side effect of glucocorticoid (GC)-based drugs, which are widely used in various preparations to treat many pediatric diseases. We investigated the therapeutic effect of exogenous CNP-53, a stable molecular form of intrinsic CNP, on a mouse model of GC-induced growth retardation. We found that CNP-53 successfully restored GC-induced growth retardation when both dexamethasone (DEX) and CNP-53 were injected from 4 to 8 weeks old. Notably, CNP-53 was not effective during the first week. From 4 to 5 weeks old, neither CNP-53 in advance of DEX, nor high-dose CNP-53 improved the effect of CNP. Conversely, when CNP-53 was started at 5 weeks old, final body length at 8 weeks old was comparable to that when CNP-53 was started at 4 weeks old. As for the mechanism of resistance to the CNP effect, DEX did not impair the production of cGMP induced by CNP. CNP reduced Erk phosphorylation even under treatment with DEX, while CNP did not changed that of p38 or GSK3β. Collectively, the effect of CNP-53 on GC-induced growth retardation is dependent on age in a mouse model, suggesting adequate and deliberate use of CNP would be effective for GC-induced growth retardation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan. .,Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, 612-8555, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki-cho, Tennoji-ku, 543-8555, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Preemptive Medicine and Lifestyle Related Disease Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Yamauchi I, Yasoda A, Matsumoto S, Sakamori Y, Kim YH, Nomura M, Otsuka A, Yamasaki T, Saito R, Kitamura M, Kitawaki T, Hishizawa M, Kawaguchi-Sakita N, Fujii T, Taura D, Sone M, Inagaki N. Incidence, features, and prognosis of immune-related adverse events involving the thyroid gland induced by nivolumab. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216954. [PMID: 31086392 PMCID: PMC6516638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blocking the PD-1 pathway induces immune-related adverse events (irAEs) which often involve the thyroid gland (thyroid irAEs). Clinical features of a thyroid irAE including its predictability and relationship to prognosis remain to be elucidated. METHODS Two hundred consecutive patients treated with nivolumab at Kyoto University Hospital between September 1, 2014 and August 31, 2017 were included in a retrospective cohort study. We systematically determined and classified subclinical and overt thyroid irAEs based on data collected of serum free T4 and TSH levels. Baseline characteristics and detailed clinical data were analyzed, and analyses of overall survival (OS) excluded patients censored within 1 month from the first administration of nivolumab. RESULTS Sixty-seven patients (33.5%) developed thyroid irAEs and these were divided into a subclinical thyroid irAE group (n = 40, 20.0%) and an overt thyroid irAE group (n = 27, 13.5%). Patients with thyroid uptake of FDG-PET before treatment showed high incidences of overt thyroid irAE (adjusted odds ratio 14.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.12-67.19), while the same relationship was not seen with subclinical thyroid irAE. Regarding the total cohort, the thyroid irAE (+) group had a significantly longer median OS than the thyroid irAE (-) group (16.1 versus 13.6 months, hazard ratio [HR] 0.61; 95% CI 0.39-0.93). In 112 non-excluded patients with lung cancer, the thyroid irAE (+) group similarly had a longer median OS than the thyroid irAE (-) group (not reached versus 14.2 months, HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.27-0.92). However, this observation was not seen in 41 non-excluded patients with malignant melanoma (12.0 versus 18.3 months, HR 1.54; 95% CI 0.67-3.43). CONCLUSIONS By thyroid uptake of FDG-PET, overt thyroid irAEs could be predicted before nivolumab therapy. Thyroid irAEs related to good prognosis in lung cancer but might be inconclusive in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigemi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sakamori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Young Hak Kim
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoo Nomura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshinari Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Saito
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morimasa Kitamura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Hishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Hirota K, Furuya M, Morozumi N, Yoshikiyo K, Yotsumoto T, Jindo T, Nakamura R, Murakami K, Ueda Y, Hanada T, Sade H, Yoshida S, Enomoto K, Kanai Y, Yamauchi I, Yamashita T, Ueda-Sakane Y, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Exogenous C-type natriuretic peptide restores normal growth and prevents early growth plate closure in its deficient rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204172. [PMID: 30235256 PMCID: PMC6147488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling by C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor-B, is a pivotal stimulator of endochondral bone growth. We recently developed CNP knockout (KO) rats that exhibit impaired skeletal growth with early growth plate closure. In the current study, we further characterized the phenotype and growth plate morphology in CNP-KO rats, and the effects of exogenous CNP in rats. We used CNP-53, an endogenous form of CNP consisting of 53 amino acids, and administered it for four weeks by continuous subcutaneous infusion at 0.15 or 0.5 mg/kg/day to four-week old CNP-KO and littermate wild type (WT) rats. We demonstrated that CNP-KO rats were useful as a reproducible animal model for skeletal dysplasia, due to their impairment in endochondral bone growth. There was no significant difference in plasma bone-turnover markers between the CNP-KO and WT rats. At eight weeks of age, growth plate closure was observed in the distal end of the tibia and the calcaneus of CNP-KO rats. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of CNP-53 significantly, and in a dose-dependent manner, stimulated skeletal growth in CNP-KO and WT rats, with CNP-KO rats being more sensitive to the treatment. CNP-53 also normalized the length of long bones and the growth plate thickness, and prevented growth plate closure in the CNP-KO rats. Using organ culture experiment of fetal rat tibia, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that CNP might have a negative influence on mitogen activated protein kinase signaling cascades in chondrocyte. Our results indicated that CNP-KO rats might be a valuable animal model for investigating growth plate physiology and the mechanism of growth plate closure, and that CNP-53, or its analog, may have the potential to promote growth and to prevent early growth plate closure in the short stature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayumi Furuya
- Asubio Pharma Co. Ltd. Kobe, Japan
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (AY)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Koichiro Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ueda-Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (AY)
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Fujii T, Hirota K, Yasoda A, Takizawa A, Morozumi N, Nakamura R, Yotsumoto T, Kondo E, Yamashita Y, Sakane Y, Kanai Y, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Yamanaka S, Nakao K, Kuwahara K, Jindo T, Furuya M, Mashimo T, Inagaki N, Serikawa T, Nakao K. Rats deficient C-type natriuretic peptide suffer from impaired skeletal growth without early death. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194812. [PMID: 29566041 PMCID: PMC5864047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously investigated the physiological role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on endochondral bone growth, mainly with mutant mouse models deficient in CNP, and reported that CNP is indispensable for physiological endochondral bone growth in mice. However, the survival rate of CNP knockout (KO) mice fell to as low as about 70% until 10 weeks after birth, and we could not sufficiently analyze the phenotype at the adult stage. Herein, we generated CNP KO rats by using zinc-finger nuclease-mediated genome editing technology. We established two lines of mutant rats completely deficient in CNP (CNP KO rats) that exhibited a phenotype identical to that observed in mice deficient in CNP, namely, a short stature with severely impaired endochondral bone growth. Histological analysis revealed that the width of the growth plate, especially that of the hypertrophic chondrocyte layer, was markedly lower and the proliferation of growth plate chondrocytes tended to be reduced in CNP KO rats. Notably, CNP KO rats did not have malocclusions and survived for over one year after birth. At 33 weeks of age, CNP KO rats persisted significantly shorter than wild-type rats, with closed growth plates of the femur in all samples, which were not observed in wild-type rats. Histologically, CNP deficiency affected only bones among all body tissues studied. Thus, CNP KO rats survive over one year, and exhibit a deficit in endochondral bone growth and growth retardation throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akiko Takizawa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamanaka
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Furuya
- Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoji Mashimo
- Genome Editing Research and Development (R&D) Center and Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadao Serikawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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21
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Yamauchi I, Sakane Y, Yamashita T, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Kanai Y, Yamashita Y, Kondo E, Fujii T, Taura D, Sone M, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Effects of growth hormone on thyroid function are mediated by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in humans. Endocrine 2018; 59:353-363. [PMID: 29274063 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth hormone (GH) therapy in adults alters thyroid function, and acromegaly often involves thyroid disease. The present study aimed to elucidate roles and mechanisms of GH in regulating thyroid function. METHODS We performed two retrospective observational studies, which focused on consecutive patients with severe adult GH deficiency who received recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy (n = 20) and consecutive patients with acromegaly who underwent transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) (n = 25). In both studies, serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and fT3/fT4 ratio were examined before and after the interventions. We subsequently administered GH to four human cell lines (HepG2, TSA201, MCF7, and HTC/C3) in vitro, and examined changes in mRNA levels of iodothyronine deiodinases (D1, D2, and D3). RESULTS Median serum fT3 level significantly increased after rhGH therapy from 2.38 to 2.78 pg/mL (p < 0.001), and fT4 decreased from 1.115 to 1.065 ng/dL (p = 0.081). TSS significantly decreased median serum fT3 from 3.03 to 2.53 pg/mL (p < 0.001), and increased fT4 from 1.230 to 1.370 ng/dL (p < 0.001). In vitro, GH significantly increased D2 expression at the mRNA level in HTC/C3 cells (p < 0.01), as well as D2 protein and its activity. CONCLUSIONS GH increased serum fT3 level and decreased serum fT4 level in humans. Our results suggest that its mechanism involves D2 upregulation. Considering this GH effect on thyroid hormone metabolism, data on thyroid function could be useful in the management of GH deficiency and acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Preemptive Medicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, 1-1-35 Nagara, Otsu, Shiga, 520-8511, Japan
| | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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22
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Kanai Y, Yasoda A, Mori KP, Watanabe-Takano H, Nagai-Okatani C, Yamashita Y, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Kondo E, Yamanaka S, Sakane Y, Nakao K, Fujii T, Yokoi H, Minamino N, Mukoyama M, Mochizuki N, Inagaki N. Circulating osteocrin stimulates bone growth by limiting C-type natriuretic peptide clearance. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:4136-4147. [PMID: 28990933 DOI: 10.1172/jci94912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although peptides are safe and useful as therapeutics, they are often easily degraded or metabolized. Dampening the clearance system for peptide ligands is a promising strategy for increasing the efficacy of peptide therapies. Natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) and its naturally occurring ligand, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), are potent stimulators of endochondral bone growth, and activating the CNP/NPR-B system is expected to be a powerful strategy for treating impaired skeletal growth. CNP is cleared by natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C); therefore, we investigated the effect of reducing the rate of CNP clearance on skeletal growth by limiting the interaction between CNP and NPR-C. Specifically, we generated transgenic mice with increased circulating levels of osteocrin (OSTN) protein, a natural NPR-C ligand without natriuretic activity, and observed a dose-dependent skeletal overgrowth phenotype in these animals. Skeletal overgrowth in OSTN-transgenic mice was diminished in either CNP- or NPR-C-depleted backgrounds, confirming that CNP and NPR-C are indispensable for the bone growth-stimulating effect of OSTN. Interestingly, double-transgenic mice of CNP and OSTN had even higher levels of circulating CNP and additional increases in bone length, as compared with mice with elevated CNP alone. Together, these results support OSTN administration as an adjuvant agent for CNP therapy and provide a potential therapeutic approach for diseases with impaired skeletal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Keita P Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Chiaki Nagai-Okatani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | | | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Shigeki Yamanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoto Minamino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology and.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and
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23
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Yamauchi I, Sakane Y, Fukuda Y, Fujii T, Taura D, Hirata M, Hirota K, Ueda Y, Kanai Y, Yamashita Y, Kondo E, Sone M, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Clinical Features of Nivolumab-Induced Thyroiditis: A Case Series Study. Thyroid 2017; 27:894-901. [PMID: 28537531 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) pathway is a novel therapeutic target in immune checkpoint therapy for cancer. It consists of the PD-1 receptor and its two ligands, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-ligand 2 (PD-L2). Nivolumab is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody approved for malignant melanoma, advanced non-small cell lung cancer, and advanced renal cell carcinoma in Japan. Thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism have both been reported in international Phase 3 studies and national post-marketing surveillance of nivolumab in Japan. METHODS This study analyzed five consecutive cases with thyroid dysfunction associated with nivolumab therapy. Second, it examined the mRNA and protein expressions of PD-L1 and PD-L2 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. RESULTS All patients were diagnosed with painless thyroiditis. Thyrotoxicosis developed within four weeks from the first administration of nivolumab and normalized within four weeks of onset in three of the five patients. Hypothyroidism after transient thyrotoxicosis developed in two patients, and preexisting hypothyroidism persisted in one patient. The other two patients were treated with glucocorticoids and discontinued nivolumab therapy for comorbid adverse events. One did not develop hypothyroidism, and the other developed mild, transient hypothyroidism. In addition, it was verified that normal thyroid tissue expresses PD-L1 and PD-L2 mRNA and those proteins. CONCLUSIONS In the present cases, nivolumab-induced thyrotoxicosis seemed to be associated with painless thyroiditis, while no patient with Graves' disease was observed. A transient and rapid course with subsequent hypothyroidism was observed in nivolumab-induced thyroiditis. In addition, it was verified that PD-L1 and PD-L2 are expressed in normal thyroid tissue. This suggests that nivolumab therapy reduces immune tolerance, even in normal thyroid tissue, and leads to the development of thyroiditis. Treating thyrotoxicosis with only supportive care and considering levothyroxine replacement therapy once subsequent hypothyroidism occurs is proposed. Further investigations are required to confirm whether glucocorticoid therapy and discontinuation of nivolumab therapy prevent subsequent hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Yamauchi
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
- 2 Preemptive Medicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yorihide Fukuda
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hirata
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Kondo
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- 1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Kyoto, Japan
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Ueda Y, Yasoda A, Yamashita Y, Kanai Y, Hirota K, Yamauchi I, Kondo E, Sakane Y, Yamanaka S, Nakao K, Fujii T, Inagaki N. C-type natriuretic peptide restores impaired skeletal growth in a murine model of glucocorticoid-induced growth retardation. Bone 2016; 92:157-167. [PMID: 27594049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are widely used for treating autoimmune conditions or inflammatory disorders. Long-term use of glucocorticoids causes impaired skeletal growth, a serious side effect when they are used in children. We have previously demonstrated that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a potent stimulator of endochondral bone growth. In this study, we investigated the effect of CNP on impaired bone growth caused by glucocorticoids by using a transgenic mouse model with an increased circulating CNP level. Daily administration of a high dose of dexamethasone (DEX) to 4-week-old male wild-type mice for 4weeks significantly shortened their naso-anal length, which was restored completely in DEX-treated CNP transgenic mice. Impaired growth of the long bones and vertebrae by DEX was restored to a large extent in the CNP transgenic background, with recovery in the narrowed growth plate by increased cell volume, whereas the decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of the growth plate chondrocytes were unaffected. Trabecular bone volume was not changed by DEX treatment, but decreased significantly in a CNP transgenic background. In young male rats, the administration of high doses of DEX greatly decreased N-terminal proCNP concentrations, a marker of CNP production. In organ culture experiments using fetal wild-type murine tibias, longitudinal growth of tibial explants was inhibited by DEX but reversed by CNP. These findings now warrant further study of the therapeutic potency of CNP in glucocorticoid-induced bone growth impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Yamanaka
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan.
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25
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Yoshida M, Kobayashi H, Yamauchi I, Takigawa M, Capponi S, Poilblanc D, Mila F, Kudo K, Koike Y, Kobayashi N. Real space imaging of spin polarons in Zn-doped SrCu(2)(BO(3))(2). Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:056402. [PMID: 25699459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.056402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the real space profile of spin polarons in the quasi-two-dimensional frustrated dimer spin system SrCu(2)(BO(3))(2) doped with 0.16% of Zn. The (11)B nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum exhibits 15 additional boron sites near nonmagnetic Zn impurities. With the help of exact diagonalizations of finite clusters, we have deduced from the boron spectrum, the distribution of local magnetizations at the Cu sites with fine spatial resolution, providing direct evidence for an extended spin polaron. The results are confronted with those of other experiments performed on doped and undoped samples of SrCu(2)(BO(3))(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yoshida
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - H Kobayashi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - I Yamauchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Takigawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - S Capponi
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université de Toulouse and CNRS, UPS (IRSAMC), F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - D Poilblanc
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université de Toulouse and CNRS, UPS (IRSAMC), F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - F Mila
- Institut de Théorie des Phénomènes Physiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Kudo
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Y Koike
- Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - N Kobayashi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Yamaura J, Ohgushi K, Ohsumi H, Hasegawa T, Yamauchi I, Sugimoto K, Takeshita S, Tokuda A, Takata M, Udagawa M, Takigawa M, Harima H, Arima T, Hiroi Z. Tetrahedral magnetic order and the metal-insulator transition in the pyrochlore lattice of Cd2Os2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:247205. [PMID: 23004317 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.247205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cd2Os2O7 shows a peculiar metal-insulator transition at 227 K with magnetic ordering in a frustrated pyrochlore lattice, but its magnetic structure in the ordered state and the transition origin are yet uncovered. We observed a commensurate magnetic peak by resonant x-ray scattering in a high-quality single crystal. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering experiments confirmed that the transition is not accompanied with any spatial symmetry breaking. We propose a noncollinear all-in-all-out spin arrangement on the tetrahedral network made of Os atoms. Based on this we suggest that the transition is not caused by the Slater mechanism as believed earlier but by an alternative mechanism related to the formation of the specific tetrahedral magnetic order on the pyrochlore lattice in the presence of strong spin-orbit interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yamaura
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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27
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Kogure K, Yamauchi I, Tokumura A, Kondou K, Tanaka N, Takaishi Y, Fukuzawa K. Novel antioxidants isolated from plants of the genera Ferula, Inula, Prangos and Rheum collected in Uzbekistan. Phytomedicine 2004; 11:645-51. [PMID: 15636179 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of 48 compounds isolated from Ferula pallida, F. penninervis, Inula macrophylla, Prangos pabularia, P. tschimganica and Rheum maximowiczii collected in Uzbekistan on ADP/Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes. Of those compounds, 23 inhibited ADP/Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation and nine showed especially strong inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Most compounds that inhibited peroxidation scavenged the 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, indicating that the inhibition was due to radical scavenging. However, some compounds did not scavenge DPPH but inhibited lipid peroxidation significantly, suggesting that their inhibitory effect was not due to radical scavenging but to some other mechanism, such as prevention of Fe2+ function. Thus, we found various new antioxidants, some of which had a unique mechanism of action, in Ferula, Inula, Prangos and Rheum plants collected in Uzbekistan as seeds used in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kogure
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomachi-1, 770-8505 Tokushima, Japan
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Abstract
A new phenethyl alcohol glycoside, galactosylmartynoside (1), and a new abietatriene-type diterpene glycoside, ajugaside A (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Ajuga decumbens, together with known phenethyl alcohol glycosides (3 and 4) and iridoid glycosides (5-7). Chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data. Of these compounds, 8-acetylharpagide (6) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takasaki
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Yagotoyama, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468-0077, Japan
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30
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Yamauchi I, Higashi M, Yoshioka M, Koyama N, Hashimoto M, Takahashi K, Nakamura Y. [Bowel injury caused by a catheter for Intraperitoneal chemotherapy--a case report]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1996; 23:1713-6. [PMID: 8886051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A case of bowel perforation caused by a catheter used for intraperitoneal chemotherapy is reported. A 46-year-old woman underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, total hysterectomy and infracolic omentectomy for treatment of stage II c endometrioid carcinoma of ovary. Subsequently, the patient was treated with intraperitoneal administration of CBDCA through Port-A-Cath as well as intravenous CPA infusion every 5-6 weeks. Ten days after the 5th course of chemotherapy, she complained of low abdominal pain and fever of 37.9 degrees C, which resolved during a 6-day hospital stay, although her appetite remained poor. In the 6th course, CBDCA was administrated intravenously, because the intraperitoneal catheter became obstructed. Secondary cytoreductive laparotomy, which was performed 14 months after the primary surgery, revealed that the catheter of Port-A-Cath had penetrated the descending colon. Although intraabdominal injury by the catheter may be rare, it should be noted as one of complications when a patient is treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yamauchi
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyorin University School of Medicine
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31
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Takahashi K, Yoshioka M, Kosuge H, Iizuka Y, Musha T, Yamauchi I, Yoshimura Y, Nakamura Y. [The accuracy of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating the extent of endometrial carcinoma]. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 47:647-654. [PMID: 7636336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the accuracy of Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in evaluating the extent of the tumor in 36 patients with endometrial carcinoma. The CT and MRI findings were compared with the microscopic pathologic characteristics in all cases. Linear regression analysis for measurements of residual normal myometrium revealed significant positive correlations (p < 0.001) between MRI (r = 0.861) and CT (r = 0.826) findings and pathologic evaluation. Thirty-six patients were divided into two groups according to our previous CT and MRI criteria: the superficial myometrial invasion group and advanced tumor group. In MRI findings, higher incidences of deep (> or = 1/2) myometrial invasion (p < 0.001), vessel permeation (p < 0.05) and cervical involvement (p < 0.05) were observed in the advanced group. In CT findings, deep myometrial invasion (p < 0.001) was observed in the advanced group. The incidence of extrauterine extension of the tumor did not differ significantly between CT and MRI findings. The accuracy figures for cervical involvement evaluated by CT and MRI were 83% and 86%, respectively. In four of 6 patients, in whom an intact Junctional zone (j-zone) was detected by MRI, the tumor was localized in the endometrium. The remaining 2 patients had only superficial myometrial invasion histologically. In all 16 patients, in whom the j-zone was interrupted in MRI findings, myometrial invasion was confirmed pathologically.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo
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32
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Mimori M, Yamauchi I, Nishimura Y, Takada K, Inai S. [A case of C5 deficiency with polyarthritis]. Rinsho Byori 1992; 40:660-4. [PMID: 1513039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A 27-year-old female with polyarthritis was found to lack serum complement activity. Her serum CH50 was less than 1.9 U/ml. C5 protein in her serum was less than 2 mg/dl and its activity was not detected. The serum level of the other proteins of complement system examined were within the normal range. At 17 years old, she was diagnosed as rheumatic fever and was admitted to our hospital. She was treated with aminobenzylpenicillin and predonisolone for two months, and she was discharged from our hospital without any abnormalities. But she had no other episode of repeated infections. Family studies of this patient revealed that an elder sister of this patient was also homozygous deficiency of C5 and her parents were considered to be heterozygous deficiency of C5. From these results, the patient was considered to be inherited deficiency of C5.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mimori
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Iwaki Kyoritsu General Hospital
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33
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Kunori T, Mimori M, Yamauchi I. How many human B-cells are spontaneously producing antibodies against animal cells? Transplant Proc 1992; 24:448. [PMID: 1566384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Kunori
- Department of Surgery, Iwaki-kyoritsu Hospital, Japan
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34
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Imai M, Ueda Y, Takahashi A, Yamauchi I, Toyoda M, Matsuo E. [The precision attachments introduced in Japan]. Kanagawa Shigaku 1990; 24:743-9. [PMID: 2133744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Imai
- The 1st Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental College
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35
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Nakamura TT, Kobayashi H, Konaka A, Imai K, Masaike A, Miyake K, Nagamine T, Sasao N, Yamada Y, Yamauchi I. Search for long-lived exotic particles in 12-GeV proton-nucleus interactions. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1989; 39:1261-1266. [PMID: 9959775 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.39.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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36
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Yamauchi I, Fukawa M, Isagawa S, Ishimoto S, Masaike A, Gazzaly MM, Hajisaeid M, Igo GJ, Irom F, Kobayashi T, Ohashi Y, Pauletta G, Sperisen F, Wang AT, Hasegawa T, Nisimura K, Soga F, Horikawa N, Nakanishi T, Okihana A, Iwatani K, Hasai H, Nishiyama F. Measurement of the vector analyzing power in pi +-d elastic scattering at 0.74 GeV/c. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1987; 35:352-354. [PMID: 9953773 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.35.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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37
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Yamauchi I, Sasaki S, Yamaya S, Kozu T, Matsushige Y. [A counseling service for breast feeding. Discussion]. Josanpu Zasshi 1986; 40:758-66. [PMID: 3639995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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38
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Yamauchi I. [Role of X-ray CT in diagnosis of ovarian tumor]. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1984; 36:785-94. [PMID: 6330245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The utility of X-ray CT for the preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian tumors was investigated. Preoperative CT findings on 137 cases pathohistologically diagnosed as ovarian tumors, both benign and malignant, were compared. Dermoid cysts (42 cases) showed characteristic CT images and CT numbers, facilitating diagnosis. In CT findings of tumors (95 cases) other than dermoid cysts, (1) 70.8% of cystic tumors with protrusion from the cyst walls, and 92.9% of solid tumors with fluid parts with malignant; (2) 59.3% of tumors whose major axes measured on the CT image were 15 cm or longer were malignant; (3) all the tumors in which ascites was found on CT, and 46.2% of the tumors with enlargement of the other ovary observed by CT, were malignant; and (4) the CT number of the tumor fluid was 18.26 +/- 13.10 HU for the benign and 20.64 +/- 7.49 HU for the malignant tumors, and that of the solid parts was 51.67 +/- 16.80 HU for the benign and 37.73 +/- 10.34 HU for the malignant ones, showing different distribution areas. The CT findings were retrospectively scored by the use of Hayashi's quantification theory type II, and 93.2% of the benign-malignant differentiation rate was obtained.
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39
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Yamauchi Y, Yamauchi I. [Percutaneous bilirubin analysis--factors affecting the reading, and keypoints in its determination]. Josanpu Zasshi 1983; 37:1030-1034. [PMID: 6559893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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40
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Inanaga K, Ohshima M, Nagata T, Yamauchi I. Behavioral effects of L-dopa and thyrotropin-releasing hormone in schizophrenic patients: a preliminary report. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn 1975; 29:197-205. [PMID: 814071 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1975.tb02336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
L-Dopa (in a dose of 300-400 mg daily) was used concomitantly with conventional antipsychotic drugs in four patients with long-standing schizophrenia (of more than 10 years' duration). In two of these four patients marked symptomatic improvement was observed, while in the other two symptoms remained unchanged. Symptoms that were found most responsive included disturbance of contact with others and emotional poverty.
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Yamatani S, Okuda Y, Inoue S, Okahara K, Yamauchi I. [Discussion: information on and technics of breast feeding]. Josanpu Zasshi 1975; 29:158-79. [PMID: 1039379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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42
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Yamauchi I. [The effects of psychotropic drugs upon the photically driven theta response of EEG]. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi 1971; 73:266-86. [PMID: 5104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Yamauchi I. [A study on the photically driven theta waves in chronic alcoholism]. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi 1969; 71:834-43. [PMID: 5389650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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44
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Yamauchi I. [Clinical significance of photically induced theta waves in schizophrenia]. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi 1968; 70:1049-67. [PMID: 5752452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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45
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Inanaga K, Yamauchi I, Yamamoto Y, Ishikawa K. Electrophysiological studies on hallucination. Kurume Med J 1968; 15:145-51. [PMID: 5191759 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.15.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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