1
|
Surie D, Sathyanarayanan MK, Lavanya J, Smith JP, Shanmugam SK, Tamilzhalagan S, Selvaraj A, Ramesh G, Tripathy S, Khaparde SD, Ho CS, Hall-Eidson PJ, Ranganathan UDK, Selvaraju S, Moonan PK. Long-term follow-up of persons diagnosed with multidrug-resistant TB in Chennai, India, 2013-2020. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2024; 28:54-56. [PMID: 38178300 PMCID: PMC10859871 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Surie
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - M K Sathyanarayanan
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - J Lavanya
- Chennai Municipal Corporation, Chennai
| | - J P Smith
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - S K Shanmugam
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - S Tamilzhalagan
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - A Selvaraj
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - G Ramesh
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - S Tripathy
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
- Dr. D Y Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune
| | - S D Khaparde
- Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate of Health Services - Central TB Division, New Delhi, India
| | - C S Ho
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - P J Hall-Eidson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - U D K Ranganathan
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - S Selvaraju
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai
| | - P K Moonan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wilkerson AK, Taylor DJ, Sahlem GL, Simmons RO, Russell A, Book SW, Smith JP, Uhde TW, McRae-Clark AL. 1110 Characteristics Of Untreated Sleep Disturbance During Intensive Outpatient Treatment For Substance Use Disorders: Preliminary Results From A Longitudinal Study. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Previous studies have shown that sleep problems are commonly reported during treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) and sleep complaints have been linked to subsequent relapse. However, most of these findings were in well-controlled clinical trials and may not generalize to the public. Little is known about the natural progression of sleep complaints during treatment in community clinics, the most common treatment approach for SUDs. The aim of this study is to longitudinally assess prevalence of clinically significant sleep disturbance at baseline and post-treatment in a community-based intensive outpatient (IOP) SUD treatment program using a multi-method approach with well-validated measures of sleep.
Methods
Adults beginning IOP SUD treatment completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Nightmare Disorder index (NDI), and one week of actigraphy and sleep diaries. Measures were repeated following treatment (approximately 5 weeks later).
Results
Preliminary analyses on 21 adults who have been enrolled thus far revealed 85.6% of participants experienced sleep disturbance (PSQI > 5) at baseline. 28.5% of participants reached cutoff for moderate-to-severe insomnia symptoms (ISI > 15) and 42.9% reported nightmares more than once per week. Sleep parameters taken from actigraphy and sleep diaries revealed mean sleep efficiency was 77.5% (TST M = 6.2 hours; TIB M = 7.9 hours). These variables did not improve from baseline to post-treatment. Further, most measures indicated a worsening of sleep, though this did not reach significance (all ps > .05).
Conclusion
This preliminary data show a high prevalence of self-reported sleep complaints and objectively measured poor sleep efficiency that do not improve over the course of treatment. Data collection is ongoing and expected to at least double. More robust analyses, including differences between SUD type (e.g., cannabis vs. opioid) and relationship to relapse at post-treatment, will then be completed.
Support
K12DA031794
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Wilkerson
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - G L Sahlem
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - R O Simmons
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - A Russell
- College of Charleston, Charleston, SC
| | - S W Book
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - J P Smith
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - T W Uhde
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rodríguez-Pintó I, Espinosa G, Erkan D, Shoenfeld Y, Cervera R, Cervera R, Espinosa G, Rodríguez-Pintó I, Shoenfeld Y, Erkan D, Piette JC, Jacek M, Roca B, Tektonidou M, Moutsopoulos H, Boffa J, Chapman J, Stojanovich L, Veloso MP, Praprotnik S, Traub B, Levy R, Daryl T, Daryl T, Boffa MC, Makatsaria A, Ruano M, Allievi A, You W, Khamastha M, Hughes S, Menendez Suso J, Pacheco J, Boriotti MF, Dias C, Pangtey G, Miller S, Policepatil S, Larissa L, Marjatta S, Carolyn S, Noortje T, Reiner K, Arteaga S, Leilani T, Langsford D, Niedzwiecki M, Queyrel V, Moroti-Constantinescu R, Romero C, Jeremic K, Urbano A, Hurtado-García R, Kumar Das A, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Yngvar F, Gomez-Puerta JA, de Meigs E, Smith JP, Zakharova E, Nayer A, Douglas W, Lyndsey R, Blanco V, Vicent C, Natalya K, Damian L, Valentini E, Giula B, Casal Moura M, Araújo Loperena O, Ritter Susan Y, Guettrot Imbert G, Almasri H, Hospach T, Mouna B, Robles A, Wilson H, Guisado P, Ruiz R, Rodriguez J. The effect of triple therapy on the mortality of catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57:1264-1270. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard Espinosa
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Doruk Erkan
- Barbara Volcker Center for Women and Rheumatic Disease, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ricard Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uhernik AL, Montoya ZT, Balkissoon CD, Smith JP. Learning and memory is modulated by cannabidiol when administered during trace fear-conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 149:68-76. [PMID: 29432803 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is thought to have therapeutic potential for treating psychiatric conditions that affect cognitive aspects of learning and memory, including anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies have shown that CBD enhances extinction of fear memory when given after conditioning. This led us to hypothesize that CBD, if administered prior to fear conditioning, might modulate cognitive learning and memory processes in additional ways that would further guide its potential use for treating PTSD. Therefore, we designed a study to investigate effects of CBD on fear learning and memory when administered to mice prior to administering a trace fear conditioning protocol which imposes cognitive demands on the learning and memory process. We show that CBD-treated animals had increased levels of freezing during conditioning, enhanced generalized fear, inhibited cue-dependent memory extinction, slightly increased levels of freezing during an auditory-cued memory test, and increased contextual fear memory. Because synaptic plasticity is the fundamental mechanism of learning and memory, we also evaluated the impact of CBD on trace conditioning-dependent dendritic spine plasticity which occurred in the dorsal lateral amygdala and CA1 region of the ventral hippocampus. We showed that CBD mildly enhanced spine densities independent of conditioning, and inhibited conditioning-dependent spine increases in the hippocampi, but not the amygdala of fear conditioned animals. Overall, the memory-modulating effects of a single pre-conditioning dose of CBD, which we show here, demonstrate the need to more fully characterize its basic effects on memory, suggest caution when using it clinically as an anxiolytic, and point to a need for more research into its potential as a therapeutic for treating memory-loss disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Uhernik
- Colorado State University-Pueblo, United States
| | - Z T Montoya
- Colorado State University-Pueblo, United States
| | | | - J P Smith
- Colorado State University-Pueblo, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smith JP, Kasten-Jolly J, Rebellato L, Haisch CE, Thomas JM. Use of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Labeled with Neomycin Resistance Gene to Examine Bone Marrow-Derived Chimerism in Experimental Organ Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2017; 6:369-76. [PMID: 9258510 DOI: 10.1177/096368979700600403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttransplant infusion of viable donor bone marrow cells (DBMC) has been shown in our previous studies to promote acceptance of incompatible kidney allografts in rhesus monkeys after treatment with polyclonal antithymocyte globulin to deplete peripheral T-lymphocytes. In this nonhuman primate model, the infusion of the DBMC is requisite for the induction of functional graft tolerance and specific MLR and CTLp unresponsiveness, although the relevant role and fate of bone marrow-derived chimeric cells is uncertain. Standard immunological and molecular techniques applied to this monkey model are unable to differentiate between chimeric cells derived from the infused DBMC and those derived from allograft-borne passenger leukocyte emigrants. To distinguish chimerism due to infused DBMC, we transduced DBMC with a functional neomycin resistance gene (Neor) using the retroviral vector pHSG-Neo. Neor-Mransduced BMC were infused into recipients approximately 2 wk after kidney transplantation and treatment with rabbit antithymocyte globulin. No maintenance immunosuppressive drugs were given. Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes was used to monitor the presence of Neor-positive cells. Tissue samples obtained at necropsy also were assessed for Neor-positive chimeric cells. The presence of DBMC-derived chimerism was assessed by polymerase chain reaction using Neor sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Chimerism was detectable in recipient tissues at various times for up to 6 mo after DBMC infusion. These studies using gene transduction methodology indicate that a stable genetic marker can provide capability to examine DBMC-derived chimerism for prolonged periods in a nonhuman primate model. This approach should facilitate future studies in preclinical models to study the role and type of chimeric cell lineages in relation to functional allograft tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- Department of Anatomy, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stambaugh RD, Chan VS, Garofalo AM, Sawan M, Humphreys DA, Lao LL, Leuer JA, Petrie TW, Prater R, Snyder PB, Smith JP, Wong CPC. Fusion Nuclear Science Facility Candidates. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst59-279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Stambaugh
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - V. S. Chan
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - A. M. Garofalo
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - M. Sawan
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - D. A. Humphreys
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - L. L. Lao
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. A. Leuer
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - T. W. Petrie
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - R. Prater
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - P. B. Snyder
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. P. Smith
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - C. P. C. Wong
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wong CPC, Chan VS, Garofalo AM, Leuer JA, Sawan ME, Smith JP, Stambaugh RD. Fusion Nuclear Science Facility - Advanced Tokamak Option. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst60-449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. P. C. Wong
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - V. S. Chan
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - A. M. Garofalo
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - J. A. Leuer
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - M. E. Sawan
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J. P. Smith
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - R. D. Stambaugh
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
The analyses deal with four areas of issue salience that were designated by the elderly. Health issues and in-home services spell this out. Beliefs regarding the areas of salience appeared to be constrained rather than fragmented. And social characteristics of the respondents did not engender cleavages in the four areas of issue salience. Implications of this research are briefly noted.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wechter WP, Keinath AP, Smith JP, Farnham MW, Bull CT, Schofield DA. First Report of Bacterial Leaf Blight on Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea) Caused by Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis in Mississippi. Plant Dis 2014; 98:1151. [PMID: 30708821 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-13-0966-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, a brassica leafy greens grower in Sunflower County, MS, observed scattered outbreaks of a leaf blight on mustard greens (Brassica juncea) in a 180-ha field. A severe outbreak of leaf blight occurred on mustard greens and turnip greens (B. rapa) in the same field in 2011 with more than 80 ha affected. The affected field, established in 2010, had no prior history of being cropped to brassica leafy greens. Symptoms appeared on the 6-week-old transplants as brown to tan necrotic spots with faint chlorotic borders and associated water-soaking. Lesions varied from 4 mm to 3 cm in diameter and often coalesced to cover >90% of older leaves. Whole plants of the mustard greens cv. Florida Broadleaf were collected in 2011 from the symptomatic field. Leaves were surface-disinfested with 0.5% NaOCl for 5 min, rinsed twice in sterilized distilled water [(sd)H2O], macerated in sdH2O, then streaked onto nutrient agar (NA), pseudomonas agar F (PAF), and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Little or no bacterial growth was observed on PDA, while on NA and PAF the majority of bacterial growth appeared to be a single colony type. All strains collected (25 total, one per plant) were gram-negative and fluoresced blue-green under UV light after 48 h at 28°C on PAF. All 25 strains were identified as belonging to Pseudomonas group 1a using Lelliot's determinative assay (2). Ten of the 25 strains were tested for pathogenicity on Florida Broadleaf, and turnip greens cv. Alamo. Bacteria were grown on PAF for 48 h, and a bacterial suspension was prepared and adjusted to an optical density of 0.1 at 600 nm. Three-week-old plants (three plants per cultivar) were sprayed with the appropriate bacterial suspension to runoff, placed at 100% relative humidity for 48 h, and then put in a growth chamber at 28°C with a 16-h diurnal light cycle for 14 days. Additionally, three plants each of Florida Broadleaf and Alamo were either sprayed with H2O or inoculated with Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis (Pca) pathotype strain BS91 (1). All 10 strains, as well as the Pca pathotype strain, were pathogenic on both cultivars and caused symptoms similar to those observed in the field. Symptoms were not observed on H2O-sprayed plants. Comparative rep-PCR analysis using the BOXA1R primer showed the 10 strains had identical DNA-banding profiles and were identical to that of Pca BS91 (5). Five strains tested using a Pca-specific, 'light-tagged' reporter bacteriophage gave a strong positive reaction, while a negative control strain, P. syringae pv. maculicola, gave no signal (3). From these tests, the isolated bacteria were determined to be Pca. Bacteria re-isolated on PAF from the inoculated Florida Broadleaf plants had identical rep-PCR profiles with those of the strains used for inoculations. Over the past 10 years, Pca has been found in numerous states in the United States, as well as in Europe, Australia, and Japan (4). As brassica leafy greens production expands to new fields and new states, leaf blight caused by Pca appears to become a problem rapidly. Since resistant cultivars and highly effective bactericides are lacking, growers are extremely concerned about the rapid spread of this disease into existing and new brassica leafy greens regions. References: (1) N. A. Cintas et al. Plant Dis. 86:992, 2002. (2) R. Lelliott. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 29:470, 1066. (3) D. Schofield et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78:3592, 2012. (4) F. Takahashi et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 79:260, 2013. (5) J. Versalovic et al. Methods Mol. Cell Biol 5:25, 1994.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W P Wechter
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | | | - J P Smith
- Clemson University, Lexington, SC 29072
| | - M W Farnham
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | | | - D A Schofield
- Guild Associates, Inc., Charleston, South Carolina, 29407
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, including public health cost savings, are widely recognized, but breastfeeding requires maternal time investments. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the time taken to exclusively breastfeed at 6 months compared with not exclusively breastfeeding. METHODS Time use data were examined from an Australian survey of new mothers conducted during 2005-2006. Data from 139 mothers with infants age 6 months were analyzed using chi-square tests of independence to examine socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and 2-sided t tests to compare average weekly hours spent on milk feeding, feeding solids, preparing feeds, and the total of these. The comparison was of exclusively breastfeeding mothers with other mothers. We also compared exclusively breastfeeding with partially breastfeeding and formula feeding mothers using a 1-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS The exclusively breastfeeding (vs other) mothers spent 7 hours extra weekly on milk feeding their infants but 2 hours less feeding solids. These differences were statistically significant. ANOVA revealed significant differences between exclusively breastfeeding mothers, breastfeeding mothers who had introduced solids, and mothers who fed any formula, in time spent feeding milk, and solids, and preparing feeds. CONCLUSION Exclusive breastfeeding is time intensive, which is economically costly to women. This may contribute to premature weaning for women who are time-stressed, lack household help from family, or cannot afford paid help. Gaining public health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding requires strategies to share maternal lactation costs more widely, such as additional help with housework or caring for children, enhanced leave, and workplace lactation breaks and suitable child care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- 1Australian Centre for Economic Research on Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of breastfeeding and mothers milk to the economy is invisible in economic statistics. OBJECTIVE This article demonstrates how the economic value of human milk production can be included in economic statistics such as gross domestic product (GDP) and provides estimates for Australia, the United States, and Norway. METHODS The contribution of human milk and lactation to GDP in these countries is estimated using United Nations (System of National Accounting) guidelines and conventional economic valuation approaches to measuring production in GDP. RESULTS In Australia, current human milk production levels exceed $3 billion annually. The United States has the potential to produce human milk worth more than US$110 billion a year, but currently nearly two thirds of this value is lost due to premature weaning. In Norway, production valued at US$907 million annually is 60% of its potential value. CONCLUSIONS The potential loss of economic value from not protecting women's lactation and milk production from competing market pressures is large. Failure to account for mothers' milk production in GDP and other economic data has important consequences for public policy. The invisibility of human milk reduces the perceived importance of programs and regulations that protect and support women to breastfeed. The value of human milk can be measured using accepted international guidelines for calculating national income and production. It is quantitatively nontrivial and should be counted in GDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- 1Economic Research on Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Karrar S, Shiwen X, Nikotorowicz-Buniak J, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton R, Bayley R, Kite KA, Clay E, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Ye L, Zhang L, Goodall J, Gaston H, Xu H, Lutalo PM, Zhao Y, Meng Choong L, Sangle S, Spencer J, D'Cruz D, Rysnik OJ, McHugh K, Bowness P, Rump-Goodrich L, Mattey D, Kehoe O, Middleton J, Cartwright A, Schmutz C, Askari A, Middleton J, Gardner DH, Jeffery LE, Raza K, Sansom DM, Clay E, Bayley R, Fitzpatrick M, Wallace G, Young S, Shaw J, Hatano H, Cauli A, Giles JL, McHugh K, Mathieu A, Bowness P, Kollnberger S, Webster S, Ellis L, O'Brien LM, Fitzmaurice TJ, Gaston H, Goodall J, Nazeer Moideen A, Evans L, Osgood L, Williams A, Jones S, Thomas C, O'Donnell V, Nowell M, Ouboussad L, Savic S, Dickie LJ, Hintze J, Wong CH, Cook GP, Buch M, Emery P, McDermott MF, Hardcastle SA, Gregson CL, Deere K, Davey Smith G, Dieppe P, Tobias JH, Dennison E, Edwards M, Bennett J, Coggon D, Palmer K, Cooper C, McWilliams D, Young A, Kiely PD, Walsh D, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Blom A, Tobias J, Clark E, Parker J, Bukhari M, McWilliams D, Jayakumar K, Young A, Kiely P, Walsh D, Diffin J, Lunt M, Marshall T, Chipping J, Symmons D, Verstappen S, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Tobias J, Clark E, Bluett J, Bowes J, Ho P, McHugh N, Buden D, Fitzgerald O, Barton A, Glossop JR, Nixon NB, Emes RD, Dawes PT, Farrell WE, Mattey DL, Scott IC, Steer S, Seegobin S, Hinks AM, Eyre S, Morgan A, Wilson AG, Hocking L, Wordsworth P, Barton A, Worthington J, Cope A, Lewis CM, Guerra S, Ahmed BA, Denton C, Abraham D, Fonseca C, Robinson J, Taylor J, Haroon Rashid L, Flynn E, Eyre S, Worthington J, Barton A, Isaacs J, Bowes J, Wilson AG, Barrett JH, Morgan A, Kingston B, Ahmed M, Kirwan JR, Marshall R, Chapman K, Pearson R, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rynne M, Saravanan V, Hamilton J, Saeed A, Coughlan R, Carey JJ, Farah Z, Matthews W, Bell C, Petford S, Tibbetts LM, Douglas KMJ, Holden W, Ledingham J, Fletcher M, Winfield R, Price Z, Mackay K, Dixon C, Oppong R, Jowett S, Nicholls E, Whitehurst D, Hill S, Hammond A, Hay E, Dziedzic K, Righetti C, Lebmeier M, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Nikiphorou E, Morris S, James D, Kiely P, Walsh D, Young A, Wong EC, Long J, Fletcher A, Fletcher M, Holmes S, Hockey P, Abbas M, Chattopadhyay C, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, Robson J, Kiran A, Maskell J, Arden N, Hutchings A, Emin A, Culliford D, Dasgupta B, Hamilton W, Luqmani R, Jethwa H, Rowczenio D, Trojer H, Russell T, Loeffler J, Hawkins P, Lachmann H, Verma I, Syngle A, Krishan P, Garg N, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, McGowan SP, Gerrard DT, Chinoy H, Ollier WE, Cooper RG, Lamb JA, Taborda L, Correia Azevedo P, Isenberg D, Leyland KM, Kiran A, Judge A, Hunter D, Hart D, Javaid MK, Arden N, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Litwic AE, Jameson KA, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Edwards MH, Jameson KA, Cushnaghan J, Aihie Sayer A, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Jagannath D, Parsons C, Cushnaghan J, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Dennison E, Stoppiello L, Mapp P, Ashraf S, Wilson D, Hill R, Scammell B, Walsh D, Wenham C, Shore P, Hodgson R, Grainger A, Aaron J, Hordon L, Conaghan P, Bar-Ziv Y, Beer Y, Ran Y, Benedict S, Halperin N, Drexler M, Mor A, Segal G, Lahad A, Haim A, Rath U, Morgensteren DM, Salai M, Elbaz A, Vasishta VG, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Ezeonyeji A, Takhar G, Denton C, Ong V, Loughrey L, Bissell LA, Hensor E, Abignano G, Redmond A, Buch M, Del Galdo F, Hall FC, Malaviya A, Nisar M, Baker S, Furlong A, Mitchell A, Godfrey AL, Ruddlesden M, Hadjinicolaou A, Hughes M, Moore T, O'Leary N, Tracey A, Ennis H, Dinsdale G, Roberts C, Herrick A, Denton CP, Guillevin L, Hunsche E, Rosenberg D, Schwierin B, Scott M, Krieg T, Anderson M, Hall FC, Herrick A, McHugh N, Matucci-Cerinic M, Alade R, Khan K, Xu S, Denton C, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Ong V, Denton CP, Clark KE, Tam FWK, Unwin R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton RJ, Nihtyanova S, Schreiber B, Ong V, Denton CP, Seng Edwin Lim C, Dasgupta B, Corsiero E, Sutcliffe N, Wardemann H, Pitzalis C, Bombardieri M, Tahir H, Donnelly S, Greenwood M, Smith TO, Easton V, Bacon H, Jerman E, Armon K, Poland F, Macgregor A, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Nguyen D, Badenhorst C, Kirby S, White D, Harrison A, Garcia JA, Stebbings S, MacKay JW, Aboelmagd S, Gaffney K, van der Heijde D, Deodhar A, Braun J, Mack M, Hsu B, Gathany T, Han C, Inman RD, Cooper-Moss N, Packham J, Strauss V, Freeston JE, Coates L, Nam J, Moverley AR, Helliwell P, Hensor E, Wakefield R, Emery P, Conaghan P, Mease P, Fleischmann R, Wollenhaupt J, Deodhar A, Kielar D, Woltering F, Stach C, Hoepken B, Arledge T, van der Heijde D, Gladman D, Fleischmann R, Coteur G, Woltering F, Mease P, Kavanaugh A, Gladman D, van der Heijde D, Purcaru O, Mease P, McInnes I, Kavanaugh A, Gottlieb AB, Puig L, Rahman P, Ritchlin C, Li S, Wang Y, Mendelsohn A, Doyle M, Tillett W, Jadon D, Shaddick G, Cavill C, Robinson G, Sengupta R, Korendowych E, de Vries C, McHugh N, Thomas RC, Shuto T, Busquets-Perez N, Marzo-Ortega H, McGonagle D, Tillett W, Richards G, Cavill C, Sengupta R, Shuto T, Marzo-Ortega H, Thomas RC, Bingham S, Coates L, Emery P, John Hamlin P, Adshead R, Cambridge S, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Suppiah P, Cullinan M, Nolan A, Thompson WM, Stebbings S, Mathieson HR, Mackie SL, Bryer D, Buch M, Emery P, Marzo-Ortega H, Krutikov M, Gray L, Bruce E, Ho P, Marzo-Ortega H, Busquets-Perez N, Thomas RC, Gaffney K, Keat A, Innes W, Pandit R, Kay L, Lapshina S, Myasoutova L, Erdes S, Wallis D, Waldron N, McHugh N, Korendowych E, Thorne I, Harris C, Keat A, Garg N, Syngle A, Vohra K, Khinchi D, Verma I, Kaur L, Jones A, Harrison N, Harris D, Jones T, Rees J, Bennett A, Fazal S, Tugnet N, Barkham N, Basu N, McClean A, Harper L, Amft EN, Dhaun N, Luqmani RA, Little MA, Jayne DR, Flossmann O, McLaren J, Kumar V, Reid DM, Macfarlane GJ, Jones G, Yates M, Watts RA, Igali L, Mukhtyar C, Macgregor A, Robson J, Doll H, Yew S, Flossmann O, Suppiah R, Harper L, Hoglund P, Jayne D, Mukhtyar C, Westman K, Luqmani R, Win Maw W, Patil P, Williams M, Adizie T, Christidis D, Borg F, Dasgupta B, Robertson A, Croft AP, Smith S, Carr S, Youssouf S, Salama A, Pusey C, Harper L, Morgan M. Basic Science * 208. Stem Cell Factor Expression is Increased in the Skin of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts in vitro. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
13
|
Fleischmann R, van Vollenhoven RF, Smolen J, Emery P, Florentinus S, Rathmann S, Kupper H, Kavanaugh A, Taylor P, Genovese M, Keystone EC, Drescher E, Berclaz PY, Lee C, Fidelus-Gort R, Schlichting D, Beattie S, Luchi M, Macias W, Kavanaugh A, Emery P, van Vollenhoven RF, Dikranian AH, Alten R, Klearman M, Musselman D, Agarwal S, Green J, Gabay C, Weinblatt ME, Schiff MH, Fleischmann R, Valente R, van der Heijde D, Citera G, Zhao C, Maldonado MA, Rakieh C, Nam JL, Hunt L, Villeneuve E, Bissell LA, Das S, Conaghan P, McGonagle D, Wakefield RJ, Emery P, Wright HL, Thomas HB, Moots R, Edwards SW, Hamann P, Heward J, McHugh N, Lindsay MA, Haroon M, Giles JT, Winchester R, FitzGerald O, Karaderi T, Cohen CJ, Keidel S, Appleton LH, Macfarlane GJ, Siebert S, Evans D, Paul Wordsworth B, Plant D, Bowes J, Orozco G, Morgan AW, Wilson AG, Isaacs J, Barton A, Williams FM, Livshits G, Spector T, MacGregor A, Williams FM, Scollen S, Cao D, Memari Y, Hyde CL, Zhang B, Sidders B, Ziemek D, Shi Y, Harris J, Harrow I, Dougherty B, Malarstig A, McEwen R, Stephens JL, Patel K, Shin SY, Surdulescu G, He W, Jin X, McMahon SB, Soranzo N, John S, Wang J, Spector TD, Baker J, Litherland GJ, Rowan AD, Kite KA, Bayley R, Yang P, Smith JP, Williams J, Harper L, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Fitzpatrick MA, Young SP, McGettrick HM, Filer A, Raza K, Nash G, Buckley C, Muthana M, Davies H, Khetan S, Adeleke G, Hawtree S, Tazzyman S, Morrow F, Ciani B, Wilson G, Quirke AM, Lugli E, Wegner N, Charles P, Hamilton B, Chowdhury M, Ytterberg J, Potempa J, Fisher B, Thiele G, Mikuls T, Venables P, Adebajo AO, Kavanaugh A, Mease P, Gomez-Reino JJ, Wollenhaupt J, Hu C, Stevens R, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Van den Bosch F, Goupille P, Rathmann SS, Pangan AL, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Maksymowych WP, Brown MA, Rathmann S, Pangan AL, Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Anderson J, Haroon M, Ramasamy P, O'Rourke M, Murphy C, Fitzgerald O, Jani M, Moore S, Mirjafari H, Macphie E, Chinoy H, Rao C, McLoughlin Y, Preeti S. Oral Abstracts 7: RA Clinical * O37. Long-Term Outcomes of Early RA Patients Initiated with Adalimumab Plus Methotrexate Compared with Methotrexate Alone Following a Targeted Treatment Approach. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
14
|
Dimitroulas T, Sandoo A, van Zanten JJJCSV, Smith JP, Hodson J, Metsios GS, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Kitas GD. Predictors of asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the role of insulin resistance. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42:176-81. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.747627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
15
|
Wechter WP, Keinath AP, McMillan M, Smith JP, Farnham MW. Expression of Bacterial Blight Resistance in Brassica Leafy Greens Under Field Conditions and Inheritance of Resistance in a Brassica juncea Source. Plant Dis 2013; 97:131-137. [PMID: 30722261 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-12-0220-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brassica leafy greens are one of the most economically important vegetable commodity groups grown in the southeastern United States, and more than 28,000 metric tons of these crops are harvested in the United States annually. Collard and kale (Brassica oleracea Acephala group), mustard green (B. juncea), and turnip green (B. rapa) are the most commonly planted members of the brassica leafy greens group. In the last 10 years, numerous occurrences of bacterial blight on these leafy vegetables have been reported in several states. One of the pathogens responsible for this blight is designated Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis. Two B. rapa (G30710 and G30499) and two B. juncea (PI418956 and G30988) plant introductions (PIs) that exhibited moderate to high levels of resistance to this pathogen in greenhouse studies were tested for field resistance in comparison with eight commercial cultivar representatives of turnip green, mustard green, collard, and kale. The two B. juncea PIs and one of the B. rapa PIs (G30499) were found to have significantly less disease than all tested cultivars except 'Southern Curled Giant' mustard green (B. juncea) and 'Blue Knight' kale (B. oleracea). Inheritance of resistance studies performed with populations derived from the resistant G30988 and two susceptible PIs provided some evidence that resistance may be controlled by a single recessive gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W P Wechter
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - A P Keinath
- Clemson University, Coastal Research and Education Center, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - M McMillan
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston
| | - J P Smith
- Clemson University, Cooperative Extension Service, Lexington, SC, 29072
| | - M W Farnham
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Smith JP, Solomon S, Sanders RW, Miller HL, Perliski LM, Keys JG, Schmeltekopf AL. Atmospheric NO3: 4. Vertical profiles at middle and polar latitudes at sunrise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
17
|
Sanders RW, Solomon S, Smith JP, Perliski L, Miller HL, Mount GH, Keys JG, Schmeltekopf AL. Visible and near-ultraviolet spectroscopy at McMurdo Station, Antarctica: 9. Observations of OClO from April to October 1991. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
18
|
Solomon S, Smith JP, Sanders RW, Perliski L, Miller HL, Mount GH, Keys JG, Schmeltekopf AL. Visible and near-ultraviolet spectroscopy at McMurdo Station, Antarctica: 8. Observations of nighttime NO2and NO3from April to October 1991. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
19
|
Sandoo A, Dimitroulas T, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Smith JP, Metsios GS, Nightingale P, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Kitas GD. Lack of association between asymmetric dimethylarginine and in vivo microvascular and macrovascular endothelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012; 30:388-396. [PMID: 22410121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate if assymetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to healthy controls and to examine associations between ADMA, RA disease activity and in vivo assessments of microvascular and macrovascular endothelial function. METHODS Sixty-seven RA patients (age [mean ± standard deviation]: 56 ± 12 years, disease duration median [25th-75th percentile]: 8 [3-15] years, 48 women) and 29 healthy controls (age [mean ± standard deviation]: 42 ± 12, 21 women) underwent assessments of microvascular endothelial function (Laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium-nitroprusside), and macrovascular endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation and glyceryl-trinitrate-mediated dilatation) as well as arterial stiffness. ADMA levels were measured in contemporary specimens using an immunoassay ELISA kit. RESULTS ADMA levels were significantly higher (p=0.004) in RA patients compared with healthy controls after adjustment for age (difference=0.088, 95% confidence interval 0.029-0.147). ADMA levels did not correlate with demographic or disease characteristics. No correlation was found between ADMA and microvascular and macrovascular endothelial function or with arterial stiffness. CONCLUSIONS ADMA levels are increased in patients with RA but there was no significant correlation with in vivo assessments of endothelial function. Further studies are needed to unfold the pathophysiological role of nitric oxide/ADMA pathway derangement in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sandoo
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Backhouse MR, Vinall KA, Redmond A, Helliwell P, Keenan AM, Dale RM, Thomas A, Aronson D, Turner-Cobb J, Sengupta R, France B, Hill I, Flurey CA, Morris M, Pollock J, Hughes R, Richards P, Hewlett S, Ryan S, Lille K, Adams J, Haq I, McArthur M, Goodacre L, Birt L, Wilson O, Kirwan J, Dures E, Quest E, Hewlett S, Rajak R, Thomas T, Lawson T, Petford S, Hale E, Kitas GD, Ryan S, Gooberman-Hill R, Jinks C, Dziedzic K, Boucas SB, Hislop K, Rhodes C, Adams J, Ali F, Jinks C, Ong BN, Backhouse MR, White D, Hensor E, Keenan AM, Helliwell P, Redmond A, Ferguson AM, Douiri A, Scott DL, Lempp H, Halls S, Law RJ, Jones J, Markland D, Maddison P, Thom J, Law RJ, Thom JM, Maddison P, Breslin A, Kraus A, Gordhan C, Dennis S, Connor J, Chowdhary B, Lottay N, Juneja P, Bacon PA, Isaacs D, Jack J, Keller M, Tibble J, Haq I, Hammond A, Gill R, Tyson S, Tennant A, Nordenskiold U, Pease EE, Pease CT, Trehane A, Rahmeh F, Cornell P, Westlake SL, Rose K, Alber CF, Watson L, Stratton R, Lazarus M, McNeilly NE, Waterfield J, Hurley M, Greenwood J, Clayton AM, Lynch M, Clewes A, Dawson J, Abernethy V, Griffiths AE, Chamberlain VA, McLoughlin Y, Campbell S, Hayes J, Moffat C, McKenna F, Shah P, Rajak R, Williams A, Rhys-Dillon C, Goodfellow R, Martin JC, Rajak R, Bari F, Hughes G, Thomas E, Baker S, Collins D, Price E, Williamson L, Dunkley L, Youll MJ, Rodziewicz M, Reynolds JA, Berry J, Pavey C, Hyrich K, Gorodkin R, Wilkinson K, Bruce I, Barton A, Silman A, Ho P, Cornell T, Westlake SL, Richards S, Holmes A, Parker S, Smith H, Briggs N, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Thwaites C, Ryan S, Kamath S, Price S, Robinson SM, Walker D, Coop H, Al-Allaf W, Baker S, Williamson L, Price E, Collins D, Charleton RC, Griffiths B, Edwards EA, Partlett R, Martin K, Tarzi M, Panthakalam S, Freeman T, Ainley L, Turner M, Hughes L, Russell B, Jenkins S, Done J, Young A, Jones T, Gaywood IC, Pande I, Pradere MJ, Bhaduri M, Smith A, Cook H, Abraham S, Ngcozana T, Denton CP, Parker L, Black CM, Ong V, Thompson N, White C, Duddy M, Jobanputra P, Bacon P, Smith J, Richardson A, Giancola G, Soh V, Spencer S, Greenhalgh A, Hanson M, De Lord D, Lloyd M, Wong H, Wren D, Grover B, Hall J, Neville C, Alton P, Kelly S, Bombardieri M, Humby F, Ng N, Di Cicco M, Hands R, Epis O, Filer A, Buckley C, McInnes I, Taylor P, Pitzalis C, Freeston J, Conaghan P, Grainger A, O'Connor PJ, Evans R, Emery P, Hodgson R, Emery P, Fleischmann R, Han C, van der Heijde D, Conaghan P, Xu W, Hsia E, Kavanaugh A, Gladman D, Chattopadhyay C, Beutler A, Han C, Zayat AS, Conaghan P, Freeston J, Hensor E, Ellegard K, Terslev L, Emery P, Wakefield RJ, Ciurtin C, Leandro M, Dey D, Nandagudi A, Giles I, Shipley M, Morris V, Ioannou J, Ehrenstein M, Sen D, Chan M, Quinlan TM, Brophy R, Mewar D, Patel D, Wilby MJ, Pellegrini V, Eyes B, Crooks D, Anderson M, Ball E, McKeeman H, Burns J, Yau WH, Moore O, Foo J, Benson C, Patterson C, Wright G, Taggart A, Drew S, Tanner L, Sanyal K, Bourke BE, Lloyd M, Alston C, Baqai C, Chard M, Sandhu V, Neville C, Jordan K, Munns C, Zouita L, Shattles W, Davies U, Makadsi R, Griffith S, Kiely PD, Ciurtin C, Dimofte I, Dabu M, Dabu B, Dobarro D, Schreiber BE, Warrell C, Handler C, Coghlan G, Denton C, Ishorari J, Bunn C, Beynon H, Denton CP, Stratton R, George Malal JJ, Boton-Maggs B, Leung A, Farewell D, Choy E, Gullick NJ, Young A, Choy EH, Scott DL, Wincup C, Fisher B, Charles P, Taylor P, Gullick NJ, Pollard LC, Kirkham BW, Scott DL, Ma MH, Ramanujan S, Cavet G, Haney D, Kingsley GH, Scott D, Cope A, Singh A, Wilson J, Isaacs A, Wing C, McLaughlin M, Penn H, Genovese MC, Sebba A, Rubbert-Roth A, Scali J, Zilberstein M, Thompson L, Van Vollenhoven R, De Benedetti F, Brunner H, Allen R, Brown D, Chaitow J, Pardeo M, Espada G, Flato B, Horneff G, Devlin C, Kenwright A, Schneider R, Woo P, Martini A, Lovell D, Ruperto N, John H, Hale ED, Treharne GJ, Kitas GD, Carroll D, Mercer L, Low A, Galloway J, Watson K, Lunt M, Symmons D, Hyrich K, Low A, Mercer L, Galloway J, Davies R, Watson K, Lunt M, Dixon W, Hyrich K, Symmons D, Balarajah S, Sandhu A, Ariyo M, Rankin E, Sandoo A, van Zanten JJV, Toms TE, Carroll D, Kitas GD, Sandoo A, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Malik S, Toberty E, Thalayasingam N, Hamilton J, Kelly C, Puntis D, Malik S, Hamilton J, Saravanan V, Rynne M, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rajak R, Goodfellow R, Rhys-Dillon C, Winter R, Wardle P, Martin JC, Toms T, Sandoo A, Smith J, Cadman S, Nightingale P, Kitas G, Alhusain AZ, Verstappen SM, Mirjafari H, Lunt M, Charlton-Menys V, Bunn D, Symmons D, Durrington P, Bruce I, Cooney JK, Thom JM, Moore JP, Lemmey A, Jones JG, Maddison PJ, Ahmad YA, Ahmed TJ, Leone F, Kiely PD, Browne HK, Rhys-Dillon C, Wig S, Chevance A, Moore T, Manning J, Vail A, Herrick AL, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Moinzadeh P, Chighizola C, Khan K, Ong V, Abraham D, Denton CP, Schreiber BE, Dobarro D, Warrell CE, Handler C, Denton CP, Coghlan G, Sykes R, Muir L, Ennis H, Herrick AL, Shiwen X, Thompson K, Khan K, Liu S, Denton CP, Leask A, Abraham DJ, Strickland G, Pauling J, Betteridge Z, Dunphy J, Owen P, McHugh N, Abignano G, Cuomo G, Buch MH, Rosenberg WM, Valentini G, Emery P, Del Galdo F, Jenkins J, Pauling JD, McHugh N, Khan K, Shiwen X, Abraham D, Denton CP, Ong V, Moinzadeh P, Howell K, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Denton CP, Moinzadeh P, Fonseca C, Khan K, Abraham D, Ong V, Denton CP, Malaviya AP, Hadjinicolaou AV, Nisar MK, Ruddlesden M, Furlong A, Baker S, Hall FC, Hadjinicolaou AV, Malaviya AP, Nisar MK, Ruddlesden M, Raut-Roy D, Furlong A, Baker S, Hall FC, Peluso R, Dario Di Minno MN, Iervolino S, Costa L, Atteno M, Lofrano M, Soscia E, Castiglione F, Foglia F, Scarpa R, Wallis D, Thomas A, Hill I, France B, Sengupta R, Dougados M, Keystone E, Heckaman M, Mease P, Landewe R, Nguyen D, Heckaman M, Mease P, Winfield RA, Dyke C, Clemence M, Mackay K, Haywood KL, Packham J, Jordan KP, Davies H, Brophy S, Irvine E, Cooksey R, Dennis MS, Siebert S, Kingsley GH, Ibrahim F, Scott DL, Kavanaugh A, McInnes I, Chattopadhyay C, Krueger G, Gladman D, Beutler A, Gathany T, Mudivarthy S, Mack M, Tandon N, Han C, Mease P, McInnes I, Sieper J, Braun J, Emery P, van der Heijde D, Isaacs J, Dahmen G, Wollenhaupt J, Schulze-Koops H, Gsteiger S, Bertolino A, Hueber W, Tak PP, Cohen CJ, Karaderi T, Pointon JJ, Wordsworth BP, Cooksey R, Davies H, Dennis MS, Siebert S, Brophy S, Keidel S, Pointon JJ, Farrar C, Karaderi T, Appleton LH, Wordsworth BP, Adshead R, Tahir H, Greenwood M, Donnelly SP, Wajed J, Kirkham B. BHPR research: qualitative * 1. Complex reasoning determines patients' perception of outcome following foot surgery in rheumatoid arhtritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Sandoo A, Panoulas VF, Toms TE, Smith JP, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Gasparyan AY, Carroll D, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Kitas GD. Anti-TNFα therapy may lead to blood pressure reductions through improved endothelium-dependent microvascular function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 25:699-702. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2011.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
22
|
Castelino M, Gibbons L, McHugh N, Korendowych E, Bruce IN, Ho P, Barton A, Orozco G, Barton A, Eyre S, Worthington J, Ke X, Thomson W, Toms TE, Smith JP, Panoulas VF, Douglas KM, Kitas GD, Plant D, Farragher T, Flynn E, Martin P, Eyre S, Bunn D, Worthington J, Symmons D, Barton A, Thomson W. Genetics [315-318]: 315. Investigation of Association of the Erap1 Gene with Psoriatic Arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
23
|
Westlake SL, Colebatch AN, Baird J, Kiely P, Quinn M, Choy E, Ostor AJ, Edwards CJ, Jankowska B, Uchmanowicz I, Polanski J, Dudek K, Suresh R, Horwood N, Sandoo A, van Zanten JV, Smith JP, Carroll D, Toms TE, Kitas GD, Chitale S, Estrach C, Thompson R, Sathyamurthy S, Goodson N, Toms TE, Panoulas VF, Douglas KM, Kitas GD, Abozaid HS, Fathi NA, Scott DL, Steer S, Galloway J, Dixon W, Mercer L, Watson K, Mark L, Hyrich K, Symmons D, Hirsch G, Klocke R, Toberty E, Coulson E, Saravanan V, Heycock C, Rynne M, Hamilton J, Kelly C, Tsang R, Coulson E, Saravanan V, Heycock C, Hamilton J, Kelly C, El Miedany Y, Palmer D, Collins D, Arnold T, Juarez M, Waller R, Williamson L, Price E, Suppiah R, Doyle A, Rai R, Dalbeth N, Lobo M, Braun J, McQueen F, Cader Z, Filer A, Buckley CD, Raza K, Mirjafari H, Farragher T, Verstappen SM, Bunn D, Charlton-Menys V, Marshall T, Symmons DP, Bruce IN, Steven R, Crilly A, Lockhart JC, Ferrell WR, McInnes IB, Ahmed U, Rabbani N, Filer A, Watts R, Raza K, Thornalley P, Nikiphorou E, Young A, Kiely P, Walsh D, Williams R, Iskandar M, Farragher T, Bunn D, Symmons D, El Miedany Y, El Gaafary M, Palmer D, Filer A, de Pablo P, Allen G, Nightingale P, Jordan A, Jobanputra P, Buckley C, Raza K, Gordon R, Snowden N, Gwynne C, Amos N, Camilleri J, El Miedany Y, El Gaafary M, Youssef S, Palmer D, Silburn S, Pullar T, Vinod K, Fardon T, Scott IC, Kingsley G, Scott DL, Koduri G, Norton S, Young A, Cox N, Prouse P, Dixey J, Williams P, Jones N, Suppiah R, Newton J, Litwic AE, Ledingham JM, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Panoulas VF, Koutedakis Y, Kitas GD, Ramachandran Nair J, Mewar D, Long KS, Coulson E, Saravanan V, Heycock C, Hamilton J, Kelly C, El Miedany Y, Youssef S, Palmer D. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Clinical Aspects [322-355]: 322. The Effect of Biologics on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Literature Review. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
24
|
Wechter WP, Keinath AP, Farnham MW, Smith JP. First Report of Bacterial Leaf Blight on Broccoli and Cabbage Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis in South Carolina. Plant Dis 2010; 94:132. [PMID: 30754416 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-1-0132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In May of 2009, leaf spot and leaf blight symptoms were observed on broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata) on several farms in Lexington County, the major brassica-growing region of South Carolina. Affected areas ranged from scattered disease foci within fields to entire fields. Initial infection symptoms on leaves of both crops included circular and irregular-shaped necrotic lesions that were 3 to 10 mm in diameter, often with yellow halos and water soaking. As the disease progressed, the lesions tended to coalesce into a general blight of the entire leaf. Diseased leaves from both broccoli and cabbage were collected from each of four fields at different locations in the county. Leaves were surface disinfested, macerated in sterile distilled water, then aliquots of the suspension were spread on King's medium B (KB) agar. All samples produced large numbers of bacterial colonies that fluoresced blue under UV light after 24 h of growth. In total, 23 isolates (13 from broccoli and 10 from cabbage) were collected. These isolates were gram negative, levan production positive, oxidase negative, pectolytic activity negative, arginine dihydrolase negative, and produced a hypersensitive response on tobacco, thus placing them in the Pseudomonas syringae LOPAT group (2). Two broccoli and two cabbage isolates were selected at random and tested for pathogenicity to cabbage cv. Early Jersey Wakefield, broccoli cv. Decicco, turnip cv. Topper, broccoli raab cv. Spring, collard cv. Hi-Crop, and oat cv. Montezuma in greenhouse tests. Bacteria were grown on KB agar for 24 h and a bacterial suspension was prepared and adjusted to an optical density of 0.1 at 600 nm. Three-week-old plants were spray inoculated to runoff and held at 100% relative humidity for 12 h after inoculation, prior to return to the greenhouse bench (4). P. syringae pv. maculicola strain F18 (4) and the pathotype strain of P. syringae pv. alisalensis BS91 were included as controls, along with a water-inoculated negative control. Plants were evaluated at 14 days postinoculation. The four unknown bacterial isolates and BS91 were pathogenic on all brassica plants tested, as well as on oat. In contrast, the P. syringae pv. maculicola strain F18 was not pathogenic on broccoli raab or oat. Symptoms produced by all isolates and strains tested were similar to those observed in the field. No symptoms were observed on water-inoculated plants. Comparative repetitive sequence-based (rep)-PCR DNA analysis using the BOXA1R primer (3) resulted in a DNA banding pattern of each of the isolates from the South Carolina fields (23 isolates), as well as those reisolated from inoculated plants, that was identical to P. syringae pv. alisalensis BS91 and differed from the P. syringae pv. maculicola F18 strain. On the basis of the rep-PCR assays and the differential host range (1), the current disease outbreak on broccoli and cabbage in South Carolina is caused by the bacterium P. syringae pv. alisalensis. Broccoli is a relatively new, albeit rapidly expanding, production vegetable in South Carolina; this disease may represent a limiting factor to future production. References: (1) N. A. Cintas et al. Plant Dis. 86:992, 2002. (2) R. A. Lelliott et al. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 29:470, 1966. (3) J. Versalovic et al. Methods Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:25, 1994. (4) Y. F. Zhao et al. Plant Dis. 84:1015, 2000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W P Wechter
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - A P Keinath
- Clemson University CREC, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - M W Farnham
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - J P Smith
- Clemson University, Cooperative Extension Service, Lexington, SC, 29072
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Smith JP, Panoulas VF, Douglas KMJ, Jamurtas AZ, Koutedakis Y, Kitas GD. What predicts obesity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? An investigation of the interactions between lifestyle and inflammation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 34:295-301. [PMID: 19859075 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether physical activity, diet or inflammation is a more important determinant of body mass index (BMI) and body fat (BF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A total of 150 RA patients (102 female) were assessed for BMI and BF. Their habitual physical activity was assessed with the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and their energy intake with a 3-day food diary. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins, IL-1 and IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, disease activity score-28 and physical function (Health Assessment Questionnaire-HAQ) were also measured. RESULTS BMI correlated inversely with IPAQ (r=-0.511, P=0.000) and positively with energy intake (r=0.331, P=0.016) and HAQ (r=0.133, P=0.042). BF correlated inversely with IPAQ (r=-0.575, P=0.000) and positively with HAQ (r=0.201, P=0.037). Normal weight patients were more physically active compared with those who were either overweight (P=0.006) or obese (P=0.000). Underweight patients consumed significantly fewer calories compared with other patients (P<0.05 in all cases). Cytokines or HAQ did not differ between weight groups. IPAQ was the sole predictor of obesity, whereas energy intake was the sole predictor of underweight. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation does not seem to influence BMI and BF in RA. As in the general population, high levels of habitual physical activity associate with low BMI and BF in RA. Energy intake is a major determinant of being underweight in those who consume fewer calories. Further research is needed to investigate the suitability of exercise and diet modalities, and their effects on the body composition of RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou
- School of Sport, Performing Arts & Leisure, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Panoulas VF, Douglas KMJ, Smith JP, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Nightingale P, Kitas GD. Transforming growth factor-beta1 869T/C, but not interleukin-6 -174G/C, polymorphism associates with hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 48:113-8. [PMID: 19106168 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Part of the deleterious effects of systemic inflammation on the cardiovascular system of patients with RA may be exerted via increased propensity to hypertension. IL-6 and TGF-beta1 are important regulators of the inflammatory response. In some, but not all, studies, IL6 -174G/C (rs1800795) and TGFB1 869T/C (rs1982073) gene polymorphisms have been associated with hypertension in the general population. The present study addressed their potential association with hypertension in RA patients. METHODS TGFB1 869T/C and IL6 -174G/C were identified in 400 RA patients and 422 local, non-RA controls using real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. Binary logistic and linear regression models were used to identify the independence of the effects of the polymorphisms on hypertension. RESULTS Genotypic and allelic frequencies of the two polymorphisms were similar in RA and controls. Within the RA group, there was no significant association between IL6 -174G/C and hypertension, but TGF 869T-allele carriers had significantly increased prevalence of hypertension compared with CC homozygotes (70.2 vs 55.2%; P = 0.023). This association remained significant after adjustment for other hypertension risk factors and medication (odds ratio = 1.96; 95% CI 1.02, 3.77; P = 0.044), and was more pronounced in patients with increased systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests an association of TGFB1 869T/C, but not of IL6 -174G/C, with hypertension in RA patients. If this finding is confirmed in prospective studies, this polymorphism could be used as a screening tool for RA patients with higher risk of developing hypertension and lead to increased surveillance and earlier treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V F Panoulas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russells Hall Hospital, Pensnett Road, Dudley, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wechter WP, Keinath AP, Smith JP, Farnham MW. First Report of Severe Outbreaks of Bacterial Leaf Spot of Leafy Brassica Greens Caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in South Carolina. Plant Dis 2008; 92:1134. [PMID: 30769514 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-92-7-1134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Severe outbreaks of leaf spot disease of leafy vegetable brassica crops have occurred from early spring to late fall for at least the past 7 years in Lexington County, South Carolina, the major growing region for leafy greens in the state. Significant economic losses to this disease totaling $1.7 million have been incurred by large and small growers. In 2005, Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola was reported as one of the causal organisms of leaf spot disease in South Carolina (2). Investigations during 2006 and 2007 have led to the isolation of another bacterium causing leaf spotting of brassica crops. Symptoms in the field were nearly identical to symptoms caused by P syringae pv. maculicola, i.e., small, brown necrotic spots, often with chlorotic halos that expand and coalesce to cover the leaves. Colonies recovered from diseased tissues were xanthomonad like, nonfluorescent on Pseudomonas Agar F, mucoid on yeast extract dextrose chalk medium, grew at 35°C, hydrolyzed starch, positive for protein digestion, alkaline in litmus milk, and produce acid from arabinose. Sequence data from the 16S rDNA and fatty acid methyl ester analysis gave the best homology to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris with a similarity score index of >0.98 and >0.70, respectively, confirming genus and species. Excised-cotyledon assays, used to differentiate between pathovars campestris and armoraciae, confirmed the pathovar as campestris (1). Pathogenicity assays with spray inoculations (1 × 107 CFU/ml) (3) on eight plants each of 'Topper' and 'Alamo' turnip, 'Early Jersey Wakefield' cabbage, and 'Money maker' tomato produced leaf-spot symptoms within 10 days in the greenhouse and growth chamber on the turnip and cabbage plants, but not the tomato. X. campestris pv. campestris, which is common throughout the world, also is the causal agent of black rot in brassica. Typical black rot symptoms are seen often in Lexington County fields in summer and are quite different from the leaf spot symptoms observed. Leaf-spotting X. campestris pv. campestris (LS) strains and black rot (BR) strains, recovered from black rot-symptomatic plants lacking leaf spots, from the same fields were compared in greenhouse pathogenicity assays on six plants each of 'Topper' turnip and 'Early Jersey Wakefield' cabbage. Spray inoculations with 20 individual LS strains and 10 individual BR strains, collected from 2005 to 2007, produced symptoms unique to each group. These symptoms included chlorotic 'V'-shaped lesions initiating from the leaf margins with black veining when plants were inoculated with BR strains, versus rapid and severe leaf spotting followed by chlorotic 'V'-shaped lesions typically lacking black-veining 10 to 16 days postinoculation associated with LS strains. Additional inoculation tests gave similar results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a severe leaf spotting disease of field-grown brassica leafy greens caused by X. campestris pv. campestris in South Carolina. These findings may have importance in differentiation of bacterial leaf spot pathogens in brassica crops. References: (1) A. M. Alvarez et al. Phytopathology 84:1449, 1994. (2) A. P. Keinath et al. Plant Dis. 90:683, 2006. (3) W. P. Wechter et al. Hortic Sci. 42:1140, 2007.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W P Wechter
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| | | | - J P Smith
- Clemson University, Lexington, SC 29072
| | - M W Farnham
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29414
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Panoulas VF, Nikas SN, Smith JP, Douglas KMJ, Nightingale P, Milionis HJ, Treharne GJ, Toms TE, Kita MD, Kitas GD. Lymphotoxin 252A>G polymorphism is common and associates with myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 67:1550-6. [PMID: 18230628 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2007.082594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is more prevalent and more likely to lead to death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes for lymphotoxin-A (LT-A) and its regulatory protein galectin-2 (LGALS2) have been implicated as genetic risk factors for acute cardiovascular events in the general population: we hypothesised that their risk alleles/genotypes (a) may be more frequent among patients with RA compared with non-RA controls (thus explaining some of the increased CVD in RA), and (b) may be more frequent among patients with RA with prevalent CVD compared with patients with RA without CVD. METHODS Genomic DNA samples were collected from 388 patients with RA and 399 local population controls without RA. LT-A gene intron 1 252A>G and LGALS2 intron 1 3279C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis. RESULTS LT-A 252GG homozygotes were significantly more prevalent among patients with RA compared with controls (19.8% vs 11.8%, p = 0.002; OR(GG/GA,AA) = 1.85, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.75, p = 0.002). Patients with RA possessing LT-A 252 GG were significantly more likely to have had a myocardial infarction compared with those with LT-A 252 AA or GA (13% vs 5.5%, p = 0.02; adjusted OR(GG/GA,AA) = 3.03, 95% CI 1.2 to 7.68, p = 0.002). The frequency of LGALS2 polymorphisms was similar between RA and controls and was not associated with CVD among patients with RA. CONCLUSIONS The LT-A 252GG genotype occurs more frequently among patients with RA than the general population. In RA, this genotype appears to associate with increased likelihood of suffering an myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V F Panoulas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sammons DL, Biagini RE, Smith JP, MacKenzie BA, Striley CAF, Roberston SA, Snawder JE, Ferguson BS, Larkin KA. Simultaneous Measurement of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab and Cry3B Proteins in Corn Extracts. ACS Symposium Series 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2007-0966.ch017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. L. Sammons
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - R. E. Biagini
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - J. P. Smith
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - B. A. MacKenzie
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - C. A. F. Striley
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - S. A. Roberston
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - J. E. Snawder
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - B. S. Ferguson
- EnviroLogix Inc., 500 Riverside Industrial Parkway, Portland, ME 04103
| | - K. A. Larkin
- EnviroLogix Inc., 500 Riverside Industrial Parkway, Portland, ME 04103
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- R. C. Rau
- a General Electric Company, Nuclear Materials and Propulsion Operation , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - J. P. Smith
- a General Electric Company, Nuclear Materials and Propulsion Operation , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - J. Moteff
- a General Electric Company, Nuclear Materials and Propulsion Operation , Cincinnati , Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Keinath AP, Wechter WP, Smith JP. First Report of Bacterial Leaf Spot on Leafy Brassica Greens Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola in South Carolina. Plant Dis 2006; 90:683. [PMID: 30781159 DOI: 10.1094/pd-90-0683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As of 2001, South Carolina ranked second in the United States in acreage of turnip greens (Brassica rapa) and collard (B. oleracea) and third in acreage of mustard (B. juncea). In June 2001, a leaf disease was found on turnip greens (cv. Alamo), mustard (cvs. Southern Giant Curled and Florida Broadleaf), and rape salad greens (B. napus var. napus cv. Essex) on a commercial farm in Lexington County, South Carolina. Symptoms appeared after a heavy rainstorm that included blowing sand. The disease was found in May and June 2002 on three additional farms in the same county on turnip greens cv. Topper and Royal Crown and collard cv. Top Bunch. Symptoms included small tan spots, water soaking, yellowing, and brown necrosis of leaves after spots coalesced on the lower halves of plants. Yellowing was more prevalent on older than on younger leaves. Leaf samples were collected in 2001 and 2002 from the affected hosts on the four farms. Bacterial streaming was evident from these samples and 27 strains were isolated on nutrient agar or King's medium B (KMB). All strains were gram negative and fluoresced bluegreen or yellow under UV light after 48-h growth at 28°C on Pseudomonas agar F (PAF). On the basis of LOPAT tests, the strains were identified as P. syringae (2). All 27 strains were tested for pathogenicity to rape salad greens cv. Essex and then to turnip greens cv. Topper. Plants were grown in peat-vermiculite potting mix in 10-cm-diameter pots in a greenhouse. P. syringae pv. maculicola F41, isolated from turnip in Oklahoma, and P. syringae pv. tomato F33, isolated from tomato in Oklahoma, were included as positive and negative controls along with a noninoculated control. Bacteria were grown on KMB for 48 h at 24°C, and bacterial suspensions were prepared and adjusted to 0.1 optical density at 600 nm. Three-week-old plants were held at 95 to 100% relative humidity (RH) for 48 h before they were sprayed just to runoff with inoculum and then held at 95 to 100% RH for 48 h after inoculation (4). After an additional 5 to 8 days in a greenhouse, nine strains and F41 caused symptoms on both Topper and Essex similar to symptoms observed in the field. No symptoms were observed on noninoculated plants or plants inoculated with F33. On the basis of repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reactions with the BOXA1R primer, the DNA fingerprint of each of the nine pathogenic strains from South Carolina was nearly identical to that of F41. Bacteria isolated from inoculated, symptomatic turnip leaves had identical LOPAT and BOXA1R profiles to the corresponding original strains. Pathogenic strains had bluegreen fluorescence on PAF, whereas nonpathogenic strains fluoresced yellow. Five pathogenic strains, as well as F41, were further identified to species and pathovar with fatty acid methyl ester profiles as P. syringae pv. maculicola. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. syringae pv. maculicola from South Carolina. Over the past 10 years, P. syringae pv. maculicola has been found in Oklahoma (4), California (1), and Ohio (3). Bacterial leaf spot has occurred yearly in South Carolina since the initial outbreaks. Currently, it is the disease that causes the greatest yield losses of leafy brassica greens in the state. References: (1) N. A. Cintas et al. Plant Dis. 85:1207, 2001. (2) R. A. Lelliott et al. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 29:470, 1966. (3) M. L. Lewis Ivey et al. Plant Dis. 86:186, 2002. (4) Y. F. Zhao et al. Plant Dis. 84:1015, 2000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - W P Wechter
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Lab., Charleston, SC 29414
| | - J P Smith
- Clemson University, Blackville, SC, 29817
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Booth CA, Walden J, Neal A, Smith JP. Use of mineral magnetic concentration data as a particle size proxy: a case study using marine, estuarine and fluvial sediments in the Carmarthen Bay area, South Wales, U.K. Sci Total Environ 2005; 347:241-53. [PMID: 16084980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2002] [Revised: 08/31/2004] [Accepted: 12/10/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Compositional (non-magnetic) data can correlate strongly with particle size, which deems it appropriate as a particle size proxy and, therefore, a reliable means of normalising analytical data for particle size effects. Previous studies suggest magnetic concentration parameters represent an alternative means of normalising for these effects and, given the speed, low-cost and sensitivity of the measurements may, therefore, offer some advantages over other compositional signals. In this work, contemporary sediments from a range of depositional environments have been analysed with regard to their mineral magnetic concentration and textural characteristics, to observe if the strength and nature of the relationship identified in previous studies is universal. Our data shows magnetic parameters (chi(LF), chi(ARM) and SIRM) possess contrasting relationships with standard textural parameters for sediment samples collected from marine (Carmarthen Bay), estuarine (Gwendraeth Estuary) and fluvial (Rivers Gwendraeth Fach and Gwendraeth Fawr) settings. Magnetic concentrations of sediments from both the marine and estuarine environments are highly influenced by the magnetic contribution of finer particle sizes; Gwendraeth Fawr River sediments are influenced by the magnetic contribution of coarser particle sizes, while sediments from the Gwendraeth Fach River are not influenced significantly by any variations in textural properties. These results indicate mineral magnetic measurements have considerable potential as a particle size proxy for particular sedimentary environments, which in certain instances could be useful for geochemical, sediment transport, and sediment provenance studies. However, the data also highlight the importance of fully determining the nature of the relationship between sediment particle size and magnetic properties before applying mineral magnetic data as a particle size proxy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Booth
- Environmental and Analytical Science Division, Research Institute in Advanced Technologies, The University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV1 1SB, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Biagini RE, Sammons DL, Smith JP, MacKenzie BA, Striley CAF, Robertson SA, Snawder JE, Quinn CP. Simultaneous measurement of specific serum IgG responses to five select agents. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:1027-34. [PMID: 15931499 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Revised: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Select Agents are defined by CDC and the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) as biological agents or toxins deemed a threat to public, animal, or plant health, or to animal or plant products. They are classified on the basis of their ease of dissemination, mortality/morbidity rate, and potential for social disruption. A subset of these agents includes Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, ricin toxin (RT), and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Infection or intoxication with these agents has been shown to elicit an antigen-specific serum IgG response. We describe a fluorescent covalent microsphere immunoassay (FCMIA) for measurement of specific IgG antibodies to seven different antigens from five different select agents; B. anthracis [protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF)], Y. pestis (F1 and V antigens), F. tularensis, RT and SEB simultaneously in human B. anthracis vaccinee sera (containing anti-PA and anti-LF IgG) which had been spiked with animal specific IgG antibodies to the other select agents. Inter-assay and intra-assay coefficients of variation were 6.5 and 13.4%, respectively (N = 4). There were no significant differences (P > 0.70) between assay responses when the assays were performed individually or multiplexed. When the observed versus expected interpolated concentrations were compared, highly linear relationships were observed (r2 values from 0.981 to 0.999, P < 0.001). Minimum detectable concentrations (MDC) ranged from 0.3 ng mL(-1) (Y. pestis F1) to 300 ng mL(-1) (RT). Finally, the curves showed responses were linear for most analytes from their MDC to 125 (SEB) to 1,300 (Y. pestis F1) x their MDC. These data indicate that multiplexed FCMIA is a sensitive and accurate method for simultaneous measurement of specific IgG in serum to CDC select agents and may be of value in screening either decontamination workers or the general population for exposure to/infection with these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Biagini
- Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Biagini RE, Sammons DL, Smith JP, Page EH, Snawder JE, Striley CAF, MacKenzie BA. Determination of serum IgG antibodies to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen in environmental sampling workers using a fluorescent covalent microsphere immunoassay. Occup Environ Med 2004; 61:703-8. [PMID: 15258278 PMCID: PMC1740834 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2003.008565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate potential exposure to Bacillis anthracis (Ba) spores in sampling/decontamination workers in the aftermath of an anthrax terror attack. METHODS Fifty six serum samples were obtained from workers involved in environmental sampling for Ba spores at the American Media, Inc. (AMI) building in Boca Raton, FL after the anthrax attack there in October 2001. Nineteen sera were drawn from individuals both pre-entry and several weeks after entrance into the building. Nine sera each were drawn from unique individuals at the pre-entry and follow up blood draws. Thirteen donor control sera were also evaluated. Individuals were surveyed for Ba exposure by measurement of serum Ba anti-protective antigen (PA) specific IgG antibodies using a newly developed fluorescent covalent microsphere immunoassay (FCMIA). RESULTS Four sera gave positive anti-PA IgG results (defined as anti-PA IgG concentrations > or = the mean microg/ml anti-PA IgG from donor control sera (n = 13 plus 2 SD which were also inhibited > or = 85% when the serum was pre-adsorbed with PA). The positive sera were the pre-entry and follow up samples of two workers who had received their last dose of anthrax vaccine in 2000. CONCLUSION It appears that the sampling/decontamination workers of the present study either had insufficient exposure to Ba spores to cause the production of anti-PA IgG antibodies or they were exposed to anthrax spores without producing antibody. The FCMIA appears to be a fast, sensitive, accurate, and precise method for the measurement of anti-PA IgG antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Biagini
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Biological Monitoring Laboratory Section, CDC/NIOSH MS C-26, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Blackmer JL, Rodriguez-Saona C, Byers JA, Shope KL, Smith JP. Behavioral Response of Lygus hesperus to Conspecifics and Headspace Volatiles of Alfalfa in a Y-Tube Olfactometer. J Chem Ecol 2004; 30:1547-64. [PMID: 15537158 DOI: 10.1023/b:joec.0000042067.27698.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus Knight, feeds and develops on a variety of weeds in the spring, with later generations moving to alfalfa and cotton where severe damage to reproductive structures can occur. A synthetic attractant for monitoring or mass-trapping L. hesperus, or the identification of potential attractants for natural enemies, would be useful tools for integrated pest management programs. Studies investigated the response of naive and experienced fifth-instar and adult L. hesperus to odors associated with conspecifics and alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. Fifth-instar L. hesperus responded to all plant/insect combinations, whereas female L. hesperus only responded preferentially to vegetative and flowering alfalfa where conspecifics had fed for 24-72 hr, and to vegetative alfalfa where conspecifics were added approximately 30 min before the test began. Males were not attracted to headspace volatiles from any of the alfalfa treatments. Analysis of headspace volatiles showed that (E)-2-hexanal, (Z)-3-hexen-l-ol, alpha-pinene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, limonene, (Z)-ocimene, (E)-beta-ocimene, linalool, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and (E, E)-alpha-farnesene are emitted from both vegetative and flowering alfalfa. Indole and (3E, 7E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene were only detected in flowering alfalfa. Damage to alfalfa by L. hesperus increased emissions of (Z)-ocimene, (E)-beta-ocimene, (E)-beta-caryophyllene, and (E, E)-alpha-farnesene, while beta-pinene, myrcene, methyl salicylate, and (3E, 7E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene were only detected from damaged plants. Thus, individual or mixtures of these alfalfa volatiles may be useful as attractants for capturing nymphs and adult females of L. hesperus in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Blackmer
- Western Cotton Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 4135 E. Broadway Rd., Phoenix, Arizona 85040, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Smith JP. Is tumor necrosis necessary to achieve a response in refractory tumors treated with intralesionally photoactivated talaporfin sodium (IPTS)? J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
37
|
Biagini RE, Smith JP, Sammons DL, MacKenzie BA, Striley CAF, Robertson SK, Snawder JE. Development of a sensitivity enhanced multiplexed fluorescence covalent microbead immunosorbent assay (FCMIA) for the measurement of glyphosate, atrazine and metolachlor mercapturate in water and urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2004; 379:368-74. [PMID: 15118800 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2004] [Revised: 03/31/2004] [Accepted: 04/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Body burdens from exposures to pesticides may be estimated from urinary analyses of pesticide parent/metabolite concentrations. Pesticide applicators and others are often exposed to numerous unrelated pesticides, either sequentially or simultaneously. Classically, body burdens of pesticides are analyzed using chemical/instrumental analysis (CIM) or enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). Both of these technologies can usually be used to quantitate one analyte (or closely related groups of analytes) per analysis. Alternatively, multiple analytes can be measured simultaneously using a multiplexed fluorescence covalent microbead immunoassay (FCMIA). We developed a multiplexed FCMIA to simultaneously measure glyphosate (Gly), atrazine (Atz), and metolachlor mercapturate (MM) in water and urine. The assay had least detectable doses (LDDs) in water/diluted urine of 0.11/0.09 ng/ml (Gly, water/urine LDD), 0.10/0.07 ng/ml (Atz) and 0.09/0.03 ng/ml (MM). The sensitivity for the measurement of Gly was enhanced by derivatization. All assays gave linear responses from the LDDs for each respective pesticide to 300 ng/ml. There was no cross-reactivity between the three analytes. Using a 96-well microplate and an autosampler, as many as 288 separate analyses can be completed in approximately 120 min with precision, sensitivity, and specificity equivalent to, if not better, than that found when these same analytes are measured by CIM or EIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Biagini
- Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jeffers SN, Schnabel G, Smith JP. First Report of Resistance to Mefenoxam in Phytophthora cactorum in the United States and Elsewhere. Plant Dis 2004; 88:576. [PMID: 30812678 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2004.88.5.576a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora cactorum causes crown rot of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) (2), a disease that has been particularly severe during the last 5 years in the southeastern United States. In the fall of 2001, strawberry plants (cv. Camarosa) in a field in Lexington County, South Carolina exhibited typical crown rot symptoms (2) 1 to 2 weeks after transplanting, even though plants had been drenched with mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold; Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC) immediately after transplanting. Initially, we observed leaves that had marginal necrosis, were smaller than normal, and were discolored. Soon after, diseased plants appeared stunted and unthrifty compared with other plants in the field, and some of these plants eventually wilted and died. Severely affected plants had necrotic roots and decayed crowns. Ten symptomatic plants were collected for isolation. In the laboratory, root and crown tissues were rinsed in running tap water and blotted dry, small pieces of necrotic tissue were placed aseptically on PAR-V8 selective medium (1), and isolation plates were placed at 20°C in the dark for up to 7 days. P. cactorum was recovered from six plants. Isolates produced characteristic asexual and sexual structures directly on the isolation plates (i.e., papillate sporangia on sympodial sporangiophores and oospores with paragynous antheridia) (2). A single hypha of an isolate from each plant was transferred to fresh PAR-V8, and pure cultures were stored on cornmeal agar in glass vials at 15°C in the dark. All six isolates from the Lexington County field and nine other isolates of P. cactorum from strawberry (three from South Carolina, three from North Carolina, and three from Florida) were tested for sensitivity to mefenoxam on fungicide-amended medium. Mefenoxam was added to 10% clarified V8 juice agar (cV8A) after autoclaving so the concentration in the medium was 100 ppm. Agar plugs from active colonies were transferred to mefenoxam-amended and nonamended cV8A (three replicates per treatment), plates were placed at 25°C in the dark for 3 days, and linear mycelium growth was measured. All six isolates from Lexington County were highly resistant to mefenoxam with mycelium growth relatively unrestricted on mefenoxam-amended medium (73 to 89% of that on nonamended medium). In comparison, the other nine isolates were sensitive to mefenoxam with mycelium growth severely restricted by 100 ppm of mefenoxam (0 to 7% of that on nonamended medium). To our knowledge, this is the first report of mefenoxam resistance in P. cactorum on strawberry or any other crop in the United States and elsewhere. Because mefenoxam is the primary fungicide used to manage Phytophthora crown rot in the southeastern United States, resistance may limit use of this fungicide in strawberry production. References: (1) A. J. Ferguson and S. N. Jeffers. Plant Dis. 83:1129, 1999. (2) E. Seemüller. Crown rot. Pages 50-51 in: Compendium of Strawberry Diseases, 2nd ed. J. L. Maas, ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1998.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Jeffers
- Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - G Schnabel
- Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - J P Smith
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville, SC 29817
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, McCauley DI, Libby DM, Pasmantier MW, Smith JP. Guidelines for the use of spiral computed tomography in screening for lung cancer. Eur Respir J 2003; 39:45s-51s. [PMID: 12572701 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00405103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Screening should be considered in lung cancer, more than any other cancer. Not only is the disease highly fatal, essentially incurable, when diagnosed on the prompting of symptoms and/or clinical signs, but its occurrence is also highly concentrated in identifiably high-risk persons. The degree of usefulness of computed tomography (CT)-based screening for lung cancer must be thought of in reference to a particular, presumably optimal, regimen of pursuing early stage diagnosis. This is an algorithm that begins with the initial test ("screening CT") and ends in either discontinuation of the diagnostic pursuit or in diagnosis of lung cancer. A carefully developed, extensively pilot tested and critically reviewed, updated protocol for CT-based screening for lung cancer is presented here. Its implementation is addressed, together with quality assurance. Finally, the associated curability rate for lung cancer is addressed in the light of what is known or can be surmised from evidence already available. However, recommendation for or against screening requires further information. Principally, the patients risk for lung cancer (in the near future) and the patients life expectancy (when spared of death from lung cancer). These two factors influence when, if ever, to begin screening, and if it is initiated, when to discontinue it. Finally, cost-effectiveness of the screening program should also be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Henschke
- Dept of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kirby JA, Robertson AS, Smith JP, Thompson AC, Cooper SR, Klein MP. State of manganese in the photosynthetic apparatus. 1. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure studies on chloroplasts and di-.mu.-oxo-bridged dimanganese model compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00408a042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
41
|
|
42
|
Biagini RE, Murphy DM, Sammons DL, Smith JP, Striley CAF, MacKenzie BA. Development of multiplexed fluorescence microbead covalent assays (FMCAs) for pesticide biomonitoring. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2002; 68:470-477. [PMID: 12069049 DOI: 10.1007/s001280278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Biagini
- Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
One fifth of 527 cases of hepatitis A occurred in self-identified injection drug users during a community-wide epidemic in Spokane County (Washington) in 1997-8. We hypothesized that an immunization campaign targeted at illicit drug users could control the epidemic. Starting in May 1998, hepatitis A vaccine was provided to individuals in jails and other sites frequented by illicit drug users. Volunteers at vaccination sites were surveyed about risk. Serial convenience samples of jail inmates who denied previous vaccination were anonymously tested for hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin G (IgG). From May to December 1998, 2765 high-risk individuals were vaccinated against hepatitis A. The proportion of HAV IgG seropositive inmates increased from 30% to more than 50%. Our findings suggest that vaccination along with naturally occurring infection increased the rate of hepatitis A immunity among illicit drug users during the final months of the epidemic. This supports the hypothesis that targeted immunization of high risk groups may shorten the natural history of a community-wide epidemic.
Collapse
|
44
|
Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, Libby DM, McCauley D, Pasmantier M, Altorki NK, Smith JP, Miettinen OS. Early lung cancer action project: annual screening using single-slice helical CT. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 952:124-34. [PMID: 11795431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The advent of helical CT imaging held promise for the early diagnosis, and thereby, for enhanced curability of lung cancer--a highly fatal disease. In 1993, the Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP) was initiated and experimentally screened a cohort of 1,000 high-risk persons. Here we summarize the results of the baseline and annual repeat CT screening of these 1,000 subjects. CT-based screening (compared to traditional radiology) was clearly shown to enhance the detection of lung cancer at earlier and more curable stages. A discussion follows of the meaning of the results and possible future screening protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Henschke
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Henschke CI, McCauley DI, Yankelevitz DF, Naidich DP, McGuinness G, Miettinen OS, Libby D, Pasmantier M, Koizumi J, Altorki N, Smith JP. Early lung cancer action project: a summary of the findings on baseline screening. Oncologist 2001; 6:147-52. [PMID: 11306726 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.6-2-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP) is designed to evaluate baseline and annual repeat screening by low radiation dose computed tomography (low-dose CT) in persons at high-risk for lung cancer. METHODS Since starting in 1993, the ELCAP has enrolled 1,000 asymptomatic persons, 60 years of age or older, with at least 10 pack-years (1 pack per day for 10 years, or 2 packs per day for 5 years) of cigarette smoking, no prior cancer, and medically fit to undergo thoracic surgery. After a structured interview and informed consent, baseline chest radiographs and low-dose CT were obtained on each subject. The diagnostic work-up of screen-detected noncalcified pulmonary nodules (NCN) was guided by ELCAP recommendations which included short-term high-resolution CT follow-up for the smallest nodules. Baseline RESULTS On low-dose CT at baseline compared to chest radiography, NCN were detected three times as commonly (23% versus 7%), malignancies four times as commonly (2.7% versus 0.7%), and stage I malignancies six times as commonly (2.3% versus 0.4%). Of the 27 CT-detected cancers, 96% (26/27) were resectable; 85% (23/27) were stage I, and 83% (19 of the 23 stage I) were not seen on chest radiography. Following the ELCAP recommendations, biopsies were performed on 28 of the 233 subjects with NCN; 27 had a malignant and one a benign NCN. Another three individuals underwent biopsy outside of the ELCAP recommendations; all had benign NCNS: No one had thoracotomy for a benign nodule. CONCLUSION Baseline CT screening for lung cancer provides for detecting the disease at earlier and presumably more commonly curable stages in a cost-effective manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Henschke
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
We used our database to evaluate the locations of meniscal tears associated with anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Five hundred seventy-five meniscal tears were seen in 476 patients. Each tear was categorized prospectively according to the side (medial/lateral), the radial zone of the tear, and the circumferential zone of the tear. The different tear locations were then compared for the medial and lateral menisci and evaluated for statistical significance. We found a nearly equal number of tears on the medial (305) and lateral (270) sides. A significantly greater number of tears on the medial side as compared with the lateral side were posterior (99.4% versus 87.8%) and peripheral (75.4% versus 44.1%). Peripheral posterior horn tears of the medial meniscus were the most common type of tear (230 of 575, 40%) by a statistically significant amount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- Mississippi Sports Medicine & Orthopaedic Center, Jackson 39202, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Henschke CI, Naidich DP, Yankelevitz DF, McGuinness G, McCauley DI, Smith JP, Libby D, Pasmantier M, Vazquez M, Koizumi J, Flieder D, Altorki N, Miettinen OS. Early lung cancer action project: initial findings on repeat screenings. Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11443621 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010701)92:1<>1.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP) was designed to evaluate the usefulness of annual computed tomography (CT) screening for lung carcinoma. With the baseline results having been reported previously, the focus of the current study was on the early results of the repeat screenings. METHODS A cohort of 1000 high-risk individuals was recruited for baseline and annual repeat CT screening. At last follow-up, a total of 1184 annual repeat screenings had been performed. A positive result from the screening test was defined as newly detected, one to six noncalcified pulmonary nodules with interim growth. The diagnostic workup of the individuals was guided by recommendations supplied by the ELCAP investigators to the collaborating clinicians. RESULTS Of the 1184 repeat CT screenings, the test result was positive in 30 (2.5%). In 2 of these 30 cases, the individual died (of an unrelated cause) before diagnostic workup and the nodule(s) resolved in another 12 individuals. In the remaining 16 individuals, the absence of further growth was documented by repeat CT in 8 individuals and further growth was documented in the remaining 8 individuals. All eight individuals with further nodular growth underwent biopsy and malignancy was diagnosed in seven. Six of these seven malignancies were nonsmall cell carcinomas (five of which were Stage IA and one of which was Stage IIIA) and the one small cell carcinoma was found to be of limited stage. The median size dimension of these malignancies was 8 mm. In another two subjects, symptoms prompted the interim diagnosis of lung carcinoma. Neither of these malignancies was nodule-associated but rather were endobronchial; one was a Stage IIB nonsmall cell carcinoma and the other was a small cell carcinoma of limited stage. CONCLUSIONS False-positive screening test results are uncommon and usually manageable without biopsy; compared with no screening, such screenings permit diagnosis at substantially earlier and thus more curable stages. Annual repetition of CT screening is sufficient to minimize symptom-prompted interim diagnoses of nodule-associated malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Henschke
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Henschke CI, Naidich DP, Yankelevitz DF, McGuinness G, McCauley DI, Smith JP, Libby D, Pasmantier M, Vazquez M, Koizumi J, Flieder D, Altorki N, Miettinen OS. Early lung cancer action project: initial findings on repeat screenings. Cancer 2001; 92:153-9. [PMID: 11443621 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010701)92:1<153::aid-cncr1303>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP) was designed to evaluate the usefulness of annual computed tomography (CT) screening for lung carcinoma. With the baseline results having been reported previously, the focus of the current study was on the early results of the repeat screenings. METHODS A cohort of 1000 high-risk individuals was recruited for baseline and annual repeat CT screening. At last follow-up, a total of 1184 annual repeat screenings had been performed. A positive result from the screening test was defined as newly detected, one to six noncalcified pulmonary nodules with interim growth. The diagnostic workup of the individuals was guided by recommendations supplied by the ELCAP investigators to the collaborating clinicians. RESULTS Of the 1184 repeat CT screenings, the test result was positive in 30 (2.5%). In 2 of these 30 cases, the individual died (of an unrelated cause) before diagnostic workup and the nodule(s) resolved in another 12 individuals. In the remaining 16 individuals, the absence of further growth was documented by repeat CT in 8 individuals and further growth was documented in the remaining 8 individuals. All eight individuals with further nodular growth underwent biopsy and malignancy was diagnosed in seven. Six of these seven malignancies were nonsmall cell carcinomas (five of which were Stage IA and one of which was Stage IIIA) and the one small cell carcinoma was found to be of limited stage. The median size dimension of these malignancies was 8 mm. In another two subjects, symptoms prompted the interim diagnosis of lung carcinoma. Neither of these malignancies was nodule-associated but rather were endobronchial; one was a Stage IIB nonsmall cell carcinoma and the other was a small cell carcinoma of limited stage. CONCLUSIONS False-positive screening test results are uncommon and usually manageable without biopsy; compared with no screening, such screenings permit diagnosis at substantially earlier and thus more curable stages. Annual repetition of CT screening is sufficient to minimize symptom-prompted interim diagnoses of nodule-associated malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C I Henschke
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Smith JP, Hinson-Smith V. ECL for near-field imaging. Anal Chem 2001; 73:305A. [PMID: 11403318 DOI: 10.1021/ac012462g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|