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Boniver J. [Coraline Radermecker, lauréate du Prix de la Fondation Docteurs Désiré et Maurice Jaumain 2023]. Rev Med Liege 2024; 79:197-198. [PMID: 38602204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Boniver
- Président de la Fondation Docteurs Désiré et Maurice Jaumain
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Boniver J. [Not Available]. Rev Med Liege 2023; 78:61-62. [PMID: 36799319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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Boniver J. [The contribution of «Télévie» and the «Léon Fredericq Foundation» to the fundamental cancer research in Liège]. Rev Med Liege 2021; 76:311-320. [PMID: 34080357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Télévie and the Léon Fredericq Foundation support many research projects in the CHU of Liège and the ULiège. This paper summarizes some projects aiming at a better knowledge of the basic mechanisms leading to cancer development, of the immune defenses against tumours, of specific characteristics of some cancer types and, finally, of strategies for improving quality of life of patients whose fertility has been threatened by anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Boniver
- Membre de la Commission scientifique Télévie du FNRS; Administrateur de la Fondation Léon Fredericq
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Mazy C, Boniver J. [The Leon Fredericq Foundation against COVID-19 in Liege]. Rev Med Liege 2020; 75:67-73. [PMID: 33211425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Leon Fredericq Foundation gives support to the clinicians and the scientists of the Uliege and of the CHU of Liege in order to push back the frontiers of biomedical science and to contribute to improve the care and cure of patients. Since the outbreak due to COVID-19, the Foundation has given out a call for donations in order to support urgent procedures for taking care of COVID-19 suffering patients. Furthermore, by raising important financial means, the Foundation has selected thirteen research projects aiming at a better understanding of the SARS-CoV-2-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mazy
- Fondation Léon Fredericq, Liège, Belgique
| | - J Boniver
- Fondation Léon Fredericq, Liège, Belgique
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Costanza B, Turtoi A, Bellahcène A, Hirano T, Peulen O, Blomme A, Hennequière V, Mutijima E, Boniver J, Meuwis MA, Josse C, Koopmansch B, Segers K, Yokobori T, Fahmy K, Thiry M, Coimbra C, Garbacki N, Colige A, Baiwir D, Bours V, Louis E, Detry O, Delvenne P, Nishiyama M, Castronovo V. Innovative methodology for the identification of soluble biomarkers in fresh tissues. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29535834 PMCID: PMC5828218 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers from early lesions, measurable in liquid biopsies remains a major challenge, particularly in oncology. Fresh human material of high quality is required for biomarker discovery but is often not available when it is totally required for clinical pathology investigation. Hence, all OMICs studies are done on residual and less clinically relevant biological samples. Here after, we present an innovative, simple, and non-destructive, procedure named EXPEL that uses rapid, pressure-assisted, interstitial fluid extrusion, preserving the specimen for full routine clinical pathology investigation. In the meantime, the technique allows a comprehensive OMICs analysis (proteins, metabolites, miRNAs and DNA). As proof of concept, we have applied EXPEL on freshly collected human colorectal cancer and liver metastases tissues. We demonstrate that the procedure efficiently allows the extraction, within a few minutes, of a wide variety of biomolecules holding diagnostic and prognostic potential while keeping both tissue morphology and antigenicity unaltered. Our method enables, for the first time, both clinicians and scientists to explore identical clinical material regardless of its origin and size, which has a major positive impact on translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunella Costanza
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Touko Hirano
- Laboratory for Analytical Instruments, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Blomme
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Hennequière
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eugene Mutijima
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jacques Boniver
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Alice Meuwis
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Claire Josse
- Center for Human Genetic, Molecular Haemato-Oncology Unit, UniLab, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Koopmansch
- Center for Human Genetic, Molecular Haemato-Oncology Unit, UniLab, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Karin Segers
- Center for Human Genetic, Molecular Haemato-Oncology Unit, UniLab, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma, Japan
| | - Karim Fahmy
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carla Coimbra
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nancy Garbacki
- Laboratory of Connective Tissues Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Colige
- Laboratory of Connective Tissues Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Baiwir
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Bours
- Center for Human Genetic, Molecular Haemato-Oncology Unit, UniLab, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Edouard Louis
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Detry
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital (CHU), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Hubin F, Humblet C, Belaid Z, Greimers R, Boniver J, Thiry A, Defresne MP. Maintenance of Functional Human Cancellous Bone and Human Hematopoiesis in NOD/SCID Mice. Cell Transplant 2017; 13:823-31. [PMID: 15690985 DOI: 10.3727/000000004783983387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Attempts were made to establish models to study interactions between marrow stromal cells and hematopoietic cells in vivo. The approach was to create a NOD-SCID-hu murine model of long-term human hematopoiesis by implantation of a human adult bone fragment. Nine to 12 weeks posttransplantation, human CD45+ cells were detected in the blood and the spleen of some mice. The histology of the human transplant showed that human bone fragment was viable at 9 weeks. Moreover, vessels of human origin, as assessed by immunohistochemical detection of human β2-microglobulin, were observed in the mouse tissue surrounding the transplanted human fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Hubin
- Department of Cytology and Histology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Goval JJ, Greimers R, Boniver J, de Leval L. Germinal Center Dendritic Cells Express More ICAM-1 Than Extrafollicular Dendritic Cells and ICAM-1/LFA-1 Interactions are Involved in the Capacity of Dendritic Cells to Induce PBMCs Proliferation. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 54:75-84. [PMID: 16116032 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5a6740.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinal center dendritic cells (GCDCs) have been identified as CD11c+ CD4+ CD3− cells located in GCs with the ability of inducing marked proliferation of allogenic T cells. Using immunofluorescence techniques, we have observed that this CD11c+ CD4+ CD3− immunophenotype identified GCDCs but also a subset of extrafollicular DCs. By flow cytometry, we were able to discriminate the GCDCs (CD11chigh CD4high lin−) from the other tonsil DCs. By immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, we found that dendritic cells of germinal centers express more intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) than extrafollicular dendritic cells. Proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) induced by coculture with purified CD11c+ CD4+ CD3− DCs was reduced by addition of blocking anti-CD54 antibodies. In summary, distinct levels of ICAM-1 expression allow the distinction between GCDCs and extrafollicular DCs, and cellular interactions mediated by CD54 are likely to play a role in the capacity of GCDC to stimulate allogenic PBMC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Goval
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, B23 Tour de Pathologie, Liège, Belgium
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Al-Saleh W, Delvenne P, Jacobs N, Boniver J. Abstracts of the meeting oC the Belgian Association ror Cancer Research (3 February 1996). Acta Clin Belg 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/17843286.1996.11718511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Suarez-Carmona M, Hubert P, Gonzalez A, Duray A, Roncarati P, Erpicum C, Boniver J, Castronovo V, Noel A, Saussez S, Peulen O, Delvenne P, Herfs M. ΔNp63 isoform-mediated β-defensin family up-regulation is associated with (lymph)angiogenesis and poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:1856-68. [PMID: 24732135 PMCID: PMC4039122 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Beside a role in normal development/differentiation, high p63 immunoreactivity is also frequently observed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Due to the complexity of the gene, the role of each p63 isotype in tumorigenesis is still confusing. Constitutively produced or induced in inflammatory conditions, human beta-defensins (HβDs) are cationic peptides involved in host defenses against bacteria, viruses and fungi. Here, we investigated both the role of p63 proteins in the regulation of HβDs and the implication of these antimicrobial peptides in tumor (lymph)angiogenesis. Thus, in contrast to TAp63 isotypes, we observed that ΔNp63 proteins (α, β, γ) induce HβD1, 2 and 4 expression. Similar results were observed in cancer tissues and cell lines. We next demonstrated that ΔNp63-overexpressing SCC are associated with both a poor prognosis and a high tumor vascularisation and lymphangiogenesis. Moreover, we showed that HβDs exert a chemotactic activity for (lymphatic) endothelial cells in a CCR6-dependent manner. The ability of HβDs to enhance (lymph)angiogenesis in vivo was also evaluated. We observed that HβDs increase the vessel number and induce a significant increase in relative vascular area compared to negative control. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that ΔNp63-regulated HβD could promote tumor (lymph)angiogenesis in SCC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meggy Suarez-Carmona
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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Langers I, Renoux V, Reschner A, Touzé A, Coursaget P, Boniver J, Koch J, Delvenne P, Jacobs N. Natural killer and dendritic cells collaborate in the immune response induced by the vaccine against uterine cervical cancer. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:3585-95. [PMID: 25229656 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) of human papillomavirus (HPV) are used as a vaccine against HPV-induced cancer, and recently we have shown that these VLPs are able to activate natural killer (NK) cells. Since NK cells collaborate with dendritic cells (DCs) to induce an immune response against viral infections and tumors, we studied the impact of this crosstalk in the context of HPV vaccination. NK cells in the presence of HPV-VLPs enhanced DC-maturation as shown by an upregulation of CD86 and HLA-DR and an increased production of IL-12p70, but not of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. This activation was bidirectional. Indeed, in the presence of HPV-VLPs, DCs further activated NK cells by inducing the upregulation of cell surface activation markers (CD69 and HLA-DR). The function of NK cells was also improved as shown by an increase in IFN-γ secretion and cytotoxic activity against an HPV(+) cell line. This crosstalk between NK cells and DCs needed CD40 interaction and IL-12p70 secretion, whereas NKG2D was not implicated. Our results provide insight into how VLPs interact with innate immune cells and how NK cells and DCs play a role in the immune response induced by this vaccine agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Langers
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Hubert P, Herman L, Roncarati P, Maillard C, Renoux V, Demoulin S, Erpicum C, Foidart JM, Boniver J, Noël A, Delvenne P, Herfs M. Altered α-defensin 5 expression in cervical squamocolumnar junction: implication in the formation of a viral/tumour-permissive microenvironment. J Pathol 2014; 234:464-77. [PMID: 25196670 DOI: 10.1002/path.4435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly type 16, is causally associated with cancer of the uterine cervix, which mainly develops at the squamocolumnar (SC) junction. The progression of cervical HPV infections into (pre)neoplastic lesions suggests that viral antigens are not adequately recognized by innate immunity or presented to the adaptive immune system. Members of the defensin family have recently been found to inhibit viral and bacterial pathogens, to stimulate the migration of immune cells and to play a role in anticancer responses. In the present study, we focused on the poorly characterized human α-defensin 5 (HD-5) and its possible role in these processes. We showed that HD-5 was able to prevent HPV virion entry into cervical keratinocytes and to influence adaptive immunity. Indeed, this peptide specifically induced the chemoattraction and proliferation of both activated T lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells in a CCR2/CCR6-dependent manner and stimulated the infiltration of these professional antigen-presenting cells in a (pre)neoplastic epithelium transplanted in vivo in immunodeficient mice. No chemotactic effect was observed with plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages or natural killer cells. Proliferative and angiogenic effects of HD-5 were also assessed in vitro and in vivo. However there was a striking regional disparity in expression of HD-5, being prominent in ectocervical, vaginal and vulvar neoplasia, while absent, or nearly so, in the cervical SC junction. Taken together, these results suggest one possible explanation for why the SC junction is uniquely vulnerable to both high-risk HPV infection (via reduced HD-5 expression and viral entry) and progression of neoplasia (via altered cell-mediated immune responses and altered microenvironment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Hubert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Belgium
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Boniver J. La recherche biomédicale à la Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Liège. Med Sci (Paris) 2012. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Herfs M, Hubert P, Poirrier AL, Vandevenne P, Renoux V, Habraken Y, Cataldo D, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Proinflammatory Cytokines Induce Bronchial Hyperplasia and Squamous Metaplasia in Smokers. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:67-79. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0353oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Poncin G, Beaulieu A, Humblet C, Thiry A, Oda K, Boniver J, Defresne MP. Characterization of spontaneous bone marrow recovery after sublethal total body irradiation: importance of the osteoblastic/adipocytic balance. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30818. [PMID: 22363493 PMCID: PMC3281884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have already examined the hematopoietic recovery after irradiation but paid with very little attention to the bone marrow microenvironment. Nonetheless previous studies in a murine model of reversible radio-induced bone marrow aplasia have shown a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) prior to hematopoietic regeneration. This increase in ALP activity was not due to cell proliferation but could be attributed to modifications of the properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We thus undertook a study to assess the kinetics of the evolution of MSC correlated to their hematopoietic supportive capacities in mice treated with sub lethal total body irradiation. In our study, colony-forming units – fibroblasts (CFU-Fs) assay showed a significant MSC rate increase in irradiated bone marrows. CFU-Fs colonies still possessed differentiation capacities of MSC but colonies from mice sacrificed 3 days after irradiation displayed high rates of ALP activity and a transient increase in osteoblastic markers expression while pparγ and neuropilin-1 decreased. Hematopoietic supportive capacities of CFU-Fs were also modified: as compared to controls, irradiated CFU-Fs significantly increased the proliferation rate of hematopoietic precursors and accelerated the differentiation toward the granulocytic lineage. Our data provide the first evidence of the key role exerted by the balance between osteoblasts and adipocytes in spontaneous bone marrow regeneration. First, (pre)osteoblast differentiation from MSC stimulated hematopoietic precursor's proliferation and granulopoietic regeneration. Then, in a second time (pre)osteoblasts progressively disappeared in favour of adipocytic cells which down regulated the proliferation and granulocytic differentiation and then contributed to a return to pre-irradiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Poncin
- Department of Cytology & Histology, University of Liège, CHU-B23, Liège, Belgium.
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Bisig B, Thielen C, Herens C, Gofflot S, Travert M, Delfau-Larue MH, Boniver J, Gaulard P, de Leval L. c-Maf expression in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma reflects follicular helper T-cell derivation rather than oncogenesis. Histopathology 2011; 60:371-6. [PMID: 22126447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Renoux VM, Bisig B, Langers I, Dortu E, Clémenceau B, Thiry M, Deroanne C, Colige A, Boniver J, Delvenne P, Jacobs N. Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 11/11. Eur J Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201190068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Metzger B, Chambeau L, Begon DY, Faber C, Kayser J, Berchem G, Pauly M, Boniver J, Delvenne P, Dicato M, Wenner T. The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in European patients with advanced colorectal cancer harbors infrequent mutations in its tyrosine kinase domain. BMC Med Genet 2011; 12:144. [PMID: 22026926 PMCID: PMC3215960 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the ErbB family of receptors, is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase (TK) activated by the binding of extracellular ligands of the EGF-family and involved in triggering the MAPK signaling pathway, which leads to cell proliferation. Mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain are frequent in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, to date, only very few, mainly non-European, studies have reported rare EGFR mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We screened 236 clinical tumor samples from European patients with advanced CRC by direct DNA sequencing to detect potential, as yet unknown mutations, in the EGFR gene exons 18 to 21, mainly covering the EGFR TK catalytic domain. RESULTS EGFR sequences showed somatic missense mutations in exons 18 and 20 at a frequency of 2.1% and 0.4% respectively. Somatic SNPs were also found in exons 20 and 21 at a frequency of about 3.1% and 0.4% respectively. Of these mutations, four have not yet been described elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS These mutation frequencies are higher than in a similarly sized population characterized by Barber and colleagues, but still too low to account for a major role played by the EGFR gene in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Metzger
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Luxembourg, France
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Beaulieu A, Poncin G, Belaid-Choucair Z, Humblet C, Bogdanovic G, Lognay G, Boniver J, Defresne MP. Leptin reverts pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of α-linolenic acids in BCR-ABL positive leukemic cells: involvement of PI3K pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25651. [PMID: 21991326 PMCID: PMC3185037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is suspected that bone marrow (BM) microenvironmental factors may influence the evolution of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). In this study, we postulated that adipocytes and lipids could be involved in the progression of CML. To test this hypothesis, adipocytes were co-cultured with two BCR-ABL positive cell lines (PCMDS and K562). T cell (Jurkat) and stroma cell (HS-5) lines were used as controls. In the second set of experiments, leukemic cell lines were treated with stearic, oleic, linoleic or α-linolenic acids in presence or absence of leptin. Survival, proliferation, leptin production, OB-R isoforms (OB-Ra and OB-Rb), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k) and BCL-2 expression have been tested after 24h, 48h and 72h of treatment. Our results showed that adipocytes induced a decrease of CML proliferation and an increase in lipid accumulation in leukemic cells. In addition, CML cell lines induced adipocytes cell death. Chromatography analysis showed that BM microenvironment cells were full of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids, fatty acids that protect tumor cells against external agents. Stearic acid increased Bcl-2 expression in PCMDS, whereas oleic and linoleic acids had no effects. In contrast, α-linolenic acid decreased the proliferation and the survival of CML cell lines as well as BCL-2 and OB-R expression. The effect of α-linolenic acids seemed to be due to PI3K pathway and Bcl-2 inhibition. Leptin production was detected in the co-culture medium. In the presence of leptin, the effect of α-linolenic acid on proliferation, survival, OB-R and BCl-2 expression was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Beaulieu
- Department of Cytology, Histology and Pathological Anatomy (Giga-R), University of Liege, Liège, Belgium.
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Renoux VM, Bisig B, Langers I, Dortu E, Clémenceau B, Thiry M, Deroanne C, Colige A, Boniver J, Delvenne P, Jacobs N. Human papillomavirus entry into NK cells requires CD16 expression and triggers cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:3240-52. [PMID: 21830210 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201141693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections account for more than 50% of infection-linked cancers in women worldwide. The immune system controls, at least partially, viral infection and around 90% of HPV-infected women clear the virus within two years. However, it remains unclear which immune cells are implicated in this process and no study has evaluated the direct interaction between HPVs and NK cells, a key player in host resistance to viruses and tumors. We demonstrated an NK-cell infiltration in HPV-associated preneoplastic cervical lesions. Since HPVs cannot grow in vitro, virus-like particles (VLPs) were used as a model for studying the NK-cell response against the virus. Interestingly, NK cells displayed higher cytotoxic activity and cytokine production (TNF-α and IFN-γ) in the presence of HPV-VLPs. Using flow cytometry and microscopy, we observed that NK-cell stimulation was linked to rapid VLP entry into these cells by macropinocytosis. Using CD16(+) and CD16(-) NK-cell lines and a CD16-blocking antibody, we demonstrated that CD16 is necessary for HPV-VLP internalization, as well as for degranulation and cytokine production. Thus, we show for the first time that NK cells interact with HPVs and can participate in the immune response against HPV-induced lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie M Renoux
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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20
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Arafa M, Somja J, Dehan P, Kridelka F, Goffin F, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Current concepts in the pathology and epigenetics of endometrial carcinoma. Pathology 2011; 42:613-7. [PMID: 21080868 DOI: 10.3109/00313025.2010.520307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the Western world, endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumour of the female genital tract and is the fourth most common cancer in women. Two different clinicopathological subtypes are recognised: the oestrogen-related (type I, endometrioid) and the non-oestrogen related (type II, non-endometrioid). This article reviews the epidemiology, risk factors, genetic alterations during endometrial carcinogenesis, features of tumours and precursors and early detection of the disease. Insights into the epigenetic alterations, with emphasis on DNA methylation during endometrial carcinogenesis, and their diagnostic value are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arafa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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21
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Boniver J, Herfs MM. [Cancer stem cells]. Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg 2011; 166:141-146. [PMID: 22375494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In tumours, a significant fraction of neoplastic cells are engaged in the cell cycle (growth fraction) and are therefore targets for radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, in most disseminated cancers, such treatments cannot lead to complete cure. Many different mechanisms have been described to explain this resistance. The hypothesis of the existence of "cancer stem cells "has been recently proposed. Indeed, the tumour would contain a small subpopulation of cancer cells displaying the phenotypical characteristics of multipotential stem cells. Since such cells display different signalling pathways compared with more differentiated cells, this might explain at least partially the resistance to treatments. Chronic myeloid leukaemia is a good model in favour of cancer stem cells, but the presence of such cells in all types of cancers is still a matter of debate. Several questions emerge: is the multipotential stem cell, the cell of origin of cancer? What is the relevance of the cancer stem cell paradigm for understanding cancer cell biology and to envision new therapeutic, hopefully curative, therapies? The case of chronic myeloid leukaemia is used to discuss these questions.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Differentiation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Signal Transduction
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22
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Somja J, De Leval L, Boniver J, Radermecker MA. [Clinical case of the month. Intrapulmonary lung sequestration diagnosed in an adult]. Rev Med Liege 2011; 66:7-12. [PMID: 21374954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital lung malformation characterized by an abnormal segment of bronchopulmonary tissue supplied by aberrant systemic arteries. Due to the non-specific symptomatology, the diagnosis can be missed. Imaging is the cornerstone of the diagnosis. Complete surgical resection provides the definitive treatment. We report a case of pulmonary sequestration associated with an asymptomatic aspergillosis presenting during adulthood and describe briefly the epidemiology, embryology, histology, imaging and surgical treatment of this congenital abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Somja
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, CHU de Liège, Belgique
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23
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Herman L, Hubert P, Herfs M, Kustermans G, Henrotin Y, Bousarghin L, Boniver J, Delvenne P. The L1 major capsid protein of HPV16 differentially modulates APC trafficking according to the vaccination or natural infection context. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40:3075-84. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Thielen C, Bisig B, Gofflot S, Herens C, Fillet G, Jamar M, Tassin F, Boniver J, Drion P, de Leval L. CHIC cells: a novel ALK+ cell line derived from a relapsed anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2010; 152:356-60. [PMID: 20955410 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Cervical and endometrial uterine carcinomas are heterogeneous groups of cancers, which are preceded by preneoplastic lesions. More accurate tools are needed to improve the diagnosis and to define markers which may be relevant for the diagnosis, prediction of disease progression and therapeutic response. High throughput technologies for testing and validating molecular targets in cancer lesions and in their precursors are presently available. Among them, the tissue microarray (TMA) presents the advantage of a morphological control of the analyzed tissue fragment. In this article, we review the different aspects of the TMA technology with a special consideration to a uterine carcinogenesis model.
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26
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Mutijima E, Delbecque K, Defraigne JO, Bouillenne C, Damas P, Pierard L, Boniver J, de Leval L. Hyperacute graft rejection during heart transplantation for giant cell myocarditis: a case report. Pathol Res Pract 2010; 206:411-4. [PMID: 20089370 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a patient with giant cell myocarditis who was bridged to transplantation with mechanical circulatory support and developed a fatal perioperative hyperacute rejection. The patient had received abundant transfusions that had raised her anti-HLA antibody titers. The cross-match test was positive. No pre-transplantation immunosuppressive therapy had been administered given concomitant infection. The severity and acuteness of the rejection in this case likely reflect the combined effect of preformed anti-HLA antibodies in the context of an active organ-specific immune process at the time of transplantation. This case raises the questions of the need for intensive immunosuppressive therapy before transplantation in giant cell myocarditis and of the management of patients with positive cross-match in the context of a giant cell myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Mutijima
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, Belgium
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27
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Hubert P, Doyen J, Capelle X, Arafa M, Renoux V, Bisig B, Seidel L, Evrard B, Bousarghin L, Gerday C, Boniver J, Foidart JM, Delvenne P, Jacobs N. Local applications of GM-CSF induce the recruitment of immune cells in cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 64:126-36. [PMID: 20367631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00834.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Quantitative alterations of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in (pre)neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection suggest a diminished capacity to capture viral antigens and to induce a protective immune response. METHOD OF STUDY To test whether a cervical application of GM-CSF could restore an immune response against HPV in women with cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), we performed two clinical trials with 11 healthy women and 15 patients with LSIL. RESULTS GM-CSF applications were well tolerated in all enrolled women, and no difference in toxicity between the treated and placebo groups was observed during the follow-up (until 30 months). Interestingly, in the GM-CSF treated group, a significant increase of APC and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte infiltration was observed in the cervical biopsies with no change in regulatory T cell numbers. All the HPV16(+) patients exhibited an immune response against HPV16 after GM-CSF applications, as shown by NK and/or T cells producing IFN-gamma whereas no cellular immune response was observed before the treatment. Moreover, the anti-virus-like particles antibody titers also increased after the treatment. CONCLUSION These encouraging results obtained from a limited number of subjects justify further study on the therapeutic effect of APC in cervical (pre)neoplastic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Hubert
- Department of Pathology, GIGA-CANCER/GIGA-I3, University of Liège, B23 CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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28
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Bragard I, Libert Y, Etienne AM, Merckaert I, Delvaux N, Marchal S, Boniver J, Klastersky J, Reynaert C, Scalliet P, Slachmuylder JL, Razavi D. Insight on variables leading to burnout in cancer physicians. J Cancer Educ 2010; 25:109-115. [PMID: 20082173 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-009-0026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although communication skills training programs have been recommended to reduce physicians' burnout, few studies have investigated their efficacy. This study assessed the impact of two training programs on cancer physicians' burnout. Especially, it identified some variables leading to burnout in order to develop effective interventions. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. No statistically significant impact of training programs on burnout was observed. The amount of clinical workload and the overuse of some facilitative communication skills were associated with cancer physicians' burnout. The content of such programs must be redefined to reduce burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bragard
- Health Psychology Department, Faculté des Sciences Psychologiques et de l'Education, Université de Liège, Bld du Rectorat, B33, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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29
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Delfosse V, de Leval L, De Roover A, Delwaide J, Honoré P, Boniver J, Detry O. Budd-Chiari syndrome complicating hepatic sarcoidosis: definitive treatment by liver transplantation: a case report. Transplant Proc 2010; 41:3432-4. [PMID: 19857764 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sarcoidotic involvement of the liver is frequent, albeit uncommonly symptomatic. Severe complications are rare, but may seldom require liver transplantation. Budd-Chiari syndrome has been described in a few patients with hepatic sarcoidosis. Herein we have reported the case of a young woman suffering from hepatic sarcoidosis who developed severe cholestasis and chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome. She successfully underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and is asymptomatic with normal liver function at 3 years follow-up. Histopathological assessment of the liver explant demonstrated a florid granulomatous process, with involvement of the large intrahepatic veins, providing an anatomical basis for the vascular flow disturbances. This case adds further evidence that liver transplantation may be the curative treatment for complicated sarcoidotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Delfosse
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Liège, University of Liège, B4000 Liège, Belgium
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30
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Herfs M, Hubert P, Suarez-Carmona M, Reschner A, Saussez S, Berx G, Savagner P, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Regulation of p63 isoforms by snail and slug transcription factors in human squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Pathol 2010; 176:1941-9. [PMID: 20150431 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
TP63 is a p53-related gene that contains two alternative promoters, which give rise to transcripts that encode proteins with (TAp63) or without (DeltaNp63) an amino-transactivating domain. Whereas the expression of p63 is required for proper development of epithelial structures, the role of p63 in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Snail and Slug transcription factors, known to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions during development and cancer, in the regulation of p63 isoforms in human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In the present study, we observed that the expressions of DeltaN and TAp63 isoforms were, respectively, down- and up-regulated by both Snail and Slug. However, the induction of TAp63 was not directly caused by these two transcription factors but resulted from the loss of DeltaNp63, which acts as dominant-negative inhibitor of TAp63. In SCC cell lines and cancer tissues, high expression of Snail and Slug was also significantly associated with altered p63 expression. Finally, we showed that DeltaNp63 silencing reduced cell-cell adhesion and increased the migratory properties of cancer cells. These data suggest that the disruption of p63 expression induced by Snail and Slug plays a crucial role in tumor progression. Therefore, p63 and its regulating factors could constitute novel prognosis markers in patients with SCC and attractive targets for the therapeutic modulation of neoplastic cell invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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31
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Delvenne P, Deprez M, Bisig B, Jamar M, Boniver J, Bours V, Herens C. [Fish and chips]. Rev Med Liege 2010; 65 Spec no.:3-10. [PMID: 21302514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Academic hospital laboratories should offer patients the possibility to have the most accurate diagnosis by the development of new analyses, such as molecular biology tests including FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) and chips (microarrays,...). The purpose of this article is to describe the principles and the potential applications of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Delvenne
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Liège, Belgique.
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32
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Dehan P, Kustermans G, Guenin S, Horion J, Boniver J, Delvenne P. DNA methylation and cancer diagnosis: new methods and applications. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2009; 9:651-7. [PMID: 19817550 DOI: 10.1586/erm.09.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of cytosines in cytosine-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides is one of the most important epigenetic alterations in animals. The presence of methylcytosine in the promoter of specific genes has profound consequences on local chromatin structure and on the regulation of gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation play a central role in carcinogenesis. Hypermethylation and consecutive transcriptional silencing of tumor-suppressor genes has been documented in numerous cancers. The identification of target genes silenced by this modification has a great impact on diagnosis, classification, definition of risk groups and prognosis of cancer patients. Here we outline genome-wide techniques aiming at the identification of relevant methylated promoters. Methods and applications allowing clinicians to monitor the methylation of target genes will be also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Dehan
- Experimental Pathology, University of Liege, CHU Sart-Tilman, Boulevard de l'Hopital, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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33
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Collard A, Gelaes S, Vanbelle S, Bredart S, Defraigne JO, Boniver J, Bourguignon JP. Reasoning versus knowledge retention and ascertainment throughout a problem-based learning curriculum. Med Educ 2009; 43:854-865. [PMID: 19709010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Since 2000, problem-based learning (PBL) seminars have been introduced into the curriculum of medical studies at the University of Liège. We aimed to carry out a cross-sectional investigation of the maturational increase in biomedical reasoning capacity in comparison with factual knowledge retention throughout the curriculum. METHODS We administered a factual knowledge test (i.e. a true/false test with ascertainment degree) and a biomedical reasoning test (i.e. an adapted script concordance test [SCT]) to 104 students (Years 3-6) and a reference panel. The selected topic was endocrinology. RESULTS On the SCT, the students obtained higher scores in Years 5 and 6 than in Years 3 and 4. In Year 3, the scores obtained on SCT questions in a new context indicated transfer of reasoning skills. On the true/false test, the scores of Year 3 students were significantly higher than those of students in the other three year groups. A positive correlation between SCT scores and true/false test scores was observed only for students in Years 3 and 4. In each group, the ascertainment degree scores were higher for correct than for incorrect responses and the difference was calculated as an index of self-estimation of core knowledge. This index was found to be positively correlated to SCT scores in the four year groups studied. CONCLUSIONS Biomedical reasoning skills are evidenced early in a curriculum involving PBL and further increase during training. This is accompanied by a decrease in factual knowledge retention. The self-estimation of core knowledge appears to be related to reasoning capacity, which suggests there is a link between the two processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Collard
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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34
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Delfosse V, Dome F, Detrembleur N, Wetz P, Boniver J, Fridman V. [Neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix]. Rev Med Liege 2009; 64:361-365. [PMID: 19777911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An 19-year-old woman was admitted for acute appendicitis. The histological study of the appendix revealed a tubular variant of endocrine carcinoma of the appendix. Neuroendocrine tumors ("NETs") of the appendix are rare tumors which are usually detected incidentally, affecting 0.3% to 0.9% of appendectomies. Depending on their size, but also on some other factors, including histologic type, these tumors will require specific treatment; sometimes appendectomy will not be sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Delfosse
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Liège, Belgique
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35
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Bisig B, Copie-Bergman C, Baia M, Gaulard P, Delbecque K, Fassotte MF, Boniver J, de Leval L. Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the gallbladder: report of a case harboring API2/MALT1 gene fusion. Hum Pathol 2009; 40:1504-9. [PMID: 19535128 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The genetic alterations underlying extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type are heterogeneous and show variation according to the tumor site. Here, we report a case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the gallbladder with genetic characterization. This lymphoma, diagnosed in a 75-year-old woman who underwent cholecystectomy for suspected acute cholecystitis, presented as diffuse thickening of the gallbladder wall. The morphology was typical of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and by immunophenotype, the tumor cells were CD20+ CD5- CD10- CD23- CD43- BCL6- BCL2+ IgM+ IgD- lambda+, with moderate nuclear expression of BCL10. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on paraffin sections, using a fusion probe for API2/MALT1, demonstrated 2 fusion signals in most nuclei, bringing the first documentation of a t(11;18)(q21;q21) in this exceptional primary disease location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Bisig
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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36
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Herfs M, Herman L, Hubert P, Minner F, Arafa M, Roncarati P, Henrotin Y, Boniver J, Delvenne P. High expression of PGE2 enzymatic pathways in cervical (pre)neoplastic lesions and functional consequences for antigen-presenting cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:603-14. [PMID: 18802697 PMCID: PMC11030941 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detected in the majority of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, the persistence or progression of cervical lesions suggest that viral antigens are not adequately presented to the immune system. This hypothesis is reinforced by the observation that most SIL show quantitative and functional alterations of Langerhans cells (LC). The aim of this study was to determine whether prostaglandins (PG) may affect LC density in the cervical (pre)neoplastic epithelium. We first demonstrated that the epithelial expression of PGE(2) enzymatic pathways, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1), is higher in SIL and SCC compared to the normal exocervical epithelium and inversely correlated to the density of CD1a-positive LC. By using cell migration assays, we next showed that the motility of immature dendritic cells (DC) and DC partially differentiated in vitro in the presence of PGE(2) are differentially affected by PGE(2). Immature DC had a lower ability to migrate in the presence of PGE(2) compared to DC generated in vitro in the presence of PGE(2). Finally, we showed that PGE(2) induced a cytokine production profile and phenotypical features of tolerogenic DC, suggesting that the altered expression of PGE(2) enzymatic pathways may promote the cervical carcinogenesis by favouring (pre)cancer immunotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Herfs
- Department of Pathology B23, GIGA Cancer, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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37
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Caberg JH, Hubert P, Herman L, Herfs M, Roncarati P, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Increased migration of Langerhans cells in response to HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogene silencing: role of CCL20. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:39-47. [PMID: 18438663 PMCID: PMC11030152 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly type 16, is causally associated with cancer of the uterine cervix. The persistence or progression of cervical lesions suggests that viral antigens are not adequately presented to the immune system. This hypothesis is reinforced by the observation that most squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) show quantitative and functional alterations of Langerhans cells (LC). The infiltration of immature LC in the squamous epithelium is mainly controlled by Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 3alpha/CCL20. After having shown that CCL20 production is altered in HPV-transformed keratinocytes (KC), the possible role of HPV16 E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins in the reduced CCL20 levels observed in SILs was investigated by silencing HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes by RNA interference (siRNA). This treatment not only increased CCL20 secretion but also resulted in the modulation of NF-kappaB p50, p52 and p65 precursor localization. Moreover, silencing of E6 and E7 oncogenes in HPV16-transformed KC induced a significantly higher migratory capacity of LC in a Boyden chamber assay and in an in vitro formed (pre)neoplastic epithelium reminiscent of high-grade SILs. Anti-CCL20 neutralizing antibody experiments showed that the increased migration of LC is due to the re-expression of CCL20 in E6 and E7 siRNA transfected KC. These data suggest that HPV16 E6/E7-induced down-regulation of CCL20 observed during the cervical carcinogenesis may contribute to a diminished capacity of the immune system to control HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Department of Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, B35, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium.
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38
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Arafa M, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Detection of HPV-induced cervical (pre) neoplastic lesions: a tissue microarray (TMA) study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2008; 16:422-32. [PMID: 18542030 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e318166fd42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a panel of biomarkers in the characterization of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical lesions. Management of these lesions depends on their histologic confirmation. Misinterpretation especially for benign mimics results in a significant diagnostic disagreement. For these reasons, a continuous effort is still needed to discover surrogate markers, which could support the final diagnosis. Archival biopsies of normal ectocervical and endocervical tissues, squamous metaplasia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma in situ, and adenocarcinoma were retrieved to perform a tissue microarray (TMA). A panel of markers was tested on the TMA obtained slides by in situ hybridization (HPV DNA) and immunohistochemistry (p16, involucrin, Ki-67, and HPV L1 proteins). The sensitivity to detect high-risk HPV DNA increased with lesion's severity. In situ hybridization signals suggesting integrated viral physical status predominated in CIN II/III, squamous cell carcinoma, and glandular (pre) neoplastic lesions. The p16 and Ki-67 protein expression increased from CIN I to CIN III and to infiltrative lesions. Involucrin positivity was better appreciated in well-differentiated diagnostic entities (ectocervix, mature metaplasia, and CIN I). HPV L1 antibody detected the viral capsid protein in a low proportion of CIN I and II. In conclusion, using a panel of cervical biomarkers improves the final reporting of various HPV-induced epithelial lesions. Carefully constructed TMA with single spots of 1-mm diameter are powerful tools, which have a high reliability in representing full tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arafa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Cytology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Belgium.
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Gofflot S, Kischel P, Thielen C, Radermacher V, Boniver J, de Leval L. Characterization of an antibody panel for immunohistochemical analysis of canine muscle cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 125:225-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Arafa M, Kridelka F, Mathias V, Vanbellinghen JF, Renard I, Foidart JM, Boniver J, Delvenne P. High frequency of RASSF1A and RARb2 gene promoter methylation in morphologically normal endometrium adjacent to endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 2008; 53:525-32. [PMID: 18783461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2008.03147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify a DNA methylation signature of endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium (EEC) in the early stages of endometrial carcinogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Archival biopsy specimens of 39 EECs, 14 cases of atypical hyperplasia (AH), 11 histologically normal endometrial tissues adjacent to EECs and 24 normal control endometrial samples were retrieved. The cases were tested by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction with primers hybridizing in the promoter regions of five genes frequently methylated in human cancer (RASSF1A, RARb2, P16, MGMT and GSTPi). Twenty-nine of 39 (74%) EECs and 7/14 (50%) AHs were methylated for the RASSF1A gene, whereas 17/39 (44%) EECs and 6/14 (43%) AHs were positive for the methylation of the RARb2 gene. No significant results were obtained for the other genes (P16, MGMT and GSTPi). Interestingly, 4/11 (36%) and 6/11 (55%) histologically normal endometrial tissues adjacent to EEC showed, respectively, RASSF1A and RARb2 gene methylation. Furthermore, these 11 specimens were microsatellite stable and showed similar proliferative, cell cycle and apoptotic mean labelling indices as the normal endometrial control tissues. CONCLUSIONS Promoter region methylation of RASSF1A and RARb2 genes is an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arafa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Cytology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Lié, Lié, Belgium
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Goval JJ, Thielen C, Bourguignon C, Greimers R, Dejardin E, Choi YS, Boniver J, de Leval L. The prevention of spontaneous apoptosis of follicular lymphoma B cells by a follicular dendritic cell line: involvement of caspase-3, caspase-8 and c-FLIP. Haematologica 2008; 93:1169-77. [PMID: 18556415 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follicular lymphoma, the neoplastic counterpart of germinal center B cells, typically recapitulates a follicular architecture. Several observations point to the crucial role of the cellular microenvironment in the development and/or progression of follicular lymphoma cells in vivo. The aim of our study was to characterize the spontaneous apoptosis of follicular lymphoma cells in vitro, and the modulation of this apoptosis by follicular dendritic cells. DESIGN AND METHODS We used a cell line derived from follicular dendritic cells to model the functional interactions of these cells and lymphoma cells in co-culture. Follicular lymphoma cells were isolated from tissue biopsies. Apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry and apoptotic pathways were investigated by western blotting. RESULTS The spontaneous apoptosis of follicular lymphoma cells in vitro involves the activation of caspases-3 and -8 but not of caspase-9, occurs despite persistent high levels of BCL-2 and MCL-1, and is associated with down-regulation of c-FLIP(L). Spontaneous apoptosis of follicular lymphoma cells is partially prevented by co-culture with the follicular dendritic cells, which prevents activation of caspase-8, caspase-3 and induces an upregulation of c-FLIP(L). Using neutralizing antibodies, we demonstrated that interactions involving CD54 (ICAM-1), CD106 (VCAM-1) and CD40 are implicated in this biological process. CONCLUSIONS Follicular dendritic cells constitute a useful tool to study the functional interactions between follicular lymphoma cells and follicular dendritic cells in vitro. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these protective interactions may lead to the identification of therapeutic agents that might suppress the survival and growth of follicular lymphoma cells.
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Henkens R, Delvenne P, Arafa M, Moutschen M, Zeddou M, Tautz L, Boniver J, Mustelin T, Rahmouni S. Cervix carcinoma is associated with an up-regulation and nuclear localization of the dual-specificity protein phosphatase VHR. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:147. [PMID: 18505570 PMCID: PMC2413255 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 21-kDa Vaccinia virus VH1-related (VHR) dual-specific protein phosphatase (encoded by the DUSP3 gene) plays a critical role in cell cycle progression and is itself regulated during the cell cycle. We have previously demonstrated using RNA interference that cells lacking VHR arrest in the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle and show signs of beginning of cell senescence. Methods In this report, we evaluated successfully the expression levels of VHR protein in 62 hysterectomy or conization specimens showing the various (pre) neoplastic cervical epithelial lesions and 35 additional cases of hysterectomy performed for non-cervical pathologies, from patients under 50 years of age. We used a tissue microarray and IHC technique to evaluate the expression of the VHR phosphatase. Immunofluorescence staining under confocal microscopy, Western blotting and RT-PCR methods were used to investigate the localization and expression levels of VHR. Results We report that VHR is upregulated in (pre) neoplastic lesions (squamous intraepithelial lesions; SILs) of the uterine cervix mainly in high grade SIL (H-SIL) compared to normal exocervix. In the invasive cancer, VHR is also highly expressed with nuclear localization in the majority of cells compared to normal tissue where VHR is always in the cytoplasm. We also report that this phosphatase is highly expressed in several cervix cancer cell lines such as HeLa, SiHa, CaSki, C33 and HT3 compared to primary keratinocytes. The immunofluorescence technique under confocal microscopy shows that VHR has a cytoplasmic localization in primary keratinocytes, while it localizes in both cytoplasm and nucleus of the cancer cell lines investigated. We report that the up-regulation of this phosphatase is mainly due to its post-translational stabilization in the cancer cell lines compared to primary keratinocytes rather than increases in the transcription of DUSP3 locus. Conclusion These results together suggest that VHR can be considered as a new marker for cancer progression in cervix carcinoma and potential new target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Henkens
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, GIGA-R, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
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Nayjib B, Zeddou M, Drion P, Boniver J, Tasken K, Rahmouni S, Moutschen M. In Vivo Administration of a PKA Type I Inhibitor (Rp-8-Br-cAMPS) Restores T-Cell Responses in Retrovirus-Infected Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2174/1874226200801010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Belaid-Choucair Z, Lepelletier Y, Poncin G, Thiry A, Humblet C, Maachi M, Beaulieu A, Schneider E, Briquet A, Mineur P, Lambert C, Mendes-Da-Cruz D, Ahui ML, Asnafi V, Dy M, Boniver J, Nusgens BV, Hermine O, Defresne MP. Human bone marrow adipocytes block granulopoiesis through neuropilin-1-induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor inhibition. Stem Cells 2008; 26:1556-64. [PMID: 18388301 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2008-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes are part of hematopoietic microenvironment, even though up to now in humans, their role in hematopoiesis is still questioned. We have previously shown that accumulation of fat cells in femoral bone marrow (BM) coincides with increased expression of neuropilin-1 (NP-1), while it is weakly expressed in hematopoietic iliac crest BM. Starting from this observation, we postulated that adipocytes might exert a negative effect on hematopoiesis mediated through NP-1. To test this hypothesis, we set up BM adipocytes differentiated into fibroblast-like fat cells (FLFC), which share the major characteristics of primitive unilocular fat cells, as an experimental model. As expected, FLFCs constitutively produced macrophage colony stimulating factor and induced CD34(+) differentiation into macrophages independently of cell-to-cell contact. By contrast, granulopoiesis was hampered by cell-to-cell contact but could be restored in transwell culture conditions, together with granulocyte colony stimulating factor production. Both functions were also recovered when FLFCs cultured in contact with CD34(+) cells were treated with an antibody neutralizing NP-1, which proved its critical implication in contact inhibition. An inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin-1 beta or dexamethasone modulates FLFC properties to restore granulopoiesis. Our data provide the first evidence that primary adipocytes exert regulatory functions during hematopoiesis that might be implicated in some pathological processes. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Belaid-Choucair
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Recherche, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium.
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Herfs M, Hubert P, Kholod N, Caberg JH, Gilles C, Berx G, Savagner P, Boniver J, Delvenne P. Transforming growth factor-beta1-mediated Slug and Snail transcription factor up-regulation reduces the density of Langerhans cells in epithelial metaplasia by affecting E-cadherin expression. Am J Pathol 2008; 172:1391-402. [PMID: 18385519 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.071004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial metaplasia (EpM) is an acquired tissue abnormality resulting from the transformation of epithelium into another tissue with a different structure and function. This adaptative process is associated with an increased frequency of (pre)cancerous lesions. We propose that EpM is involved in cancer development by altering the expression of adhesion molecules important for cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Langerhans cells (LCs) are intraepithelial dendritic cells that initiate immune responses against viral or tumor antigens on both skin and mucosal surfaces. In the present study, we showed by immunohistology that the density of CD1a(+) LCs is reduced in EpM of the uterine cervix compared with native squamous epithelium and that the low number of LCs observed in EpM correlates with the down-regulation of cell-surface E-cadherin. We also demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta1 is not only overexpressed in metaplastic tissues but also reduces E-cadherin expression in keratinocytes in vitro by inducing the promoter activity of Slug and Snail transcription factors. Finally, we showed that in vitro-generated LCs adhere poorly to keratinocytes transfected with either Slug or Snail DNA. These data suggest that transforming growth factor-beta1 indirectly reduces antigen-presenting cell density in EpM by affecting E-cadherin expression, which might explain the increased susceptibility of abnormal tissue differentiation to the development of cancer by the establishment of local immunodeficiency responsible for EpM tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Herfs
- Department of Pathology, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA-Cancer), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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Reschner A, Hubert P, Delvenne P, Boniver J, Jacobs N. Innate lymphocyte and dendritic cell cross-talk: a key factor in the regulation of the immune response. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 152:219-26. [PMID: 18336590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized in the presentation of antigens and the initiation of specific immune responses. They have been involved recently in supporting innate immunity by interacting with various innate lymphocytes, such as natural killer (NK), NK T or T cell receptor (TCR)-gammadelta cells. The functional links between innate lymphocytes and DC have been investigated widely and different studies demonstrated that reciprocal activations follow on from NK/DC interactions. The cross-talk between innate cells and DC which leads to innate lymphocyte activation and DC maturation was found to be multi-directional, involving not only cell-cell contacts but also soluble factors. The final outcome of these cellular interactions may have a dramatic impact on the quality and strength of the down-stream immune responses, mainly in the context of early responses to tumour cells and infectious agents. Interestingly, DC, NK and TCR-gammadelta cells also share similar functions, such as antigen uptake and presentation, as well as cytotoxic and tumoricidal activity. In addition, NK and NK T cells have the ability to kill DC. This review will focus upon the different aspects of the cross-talk between DC and innate lymphocytes and its key role in all the steps of the immune response. These cellular interactions may be particularly critical in situations where immune surveillance requires efficient early innate responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reschner
- Department of Pathology, GIGA-GAMCA/I3, B35, University of Liege, CHU of Liège, B4000 Liege, Belgium
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Allouche A, Nolens G, Tancredi A, Delacroix L, Mardaga J, Fridman V, Winkler R, Boniver J, Delvenne P, Begon DY. The combined immunodetection of AP-2alpha and YY1 transcription factors is associated with ERBB2 gene overexpression in primary breast tumors. Breast Cancer Res 2008; 10:R9. [PMID: 18218085 PMCID: PMC2374961 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Overexpression of the ERBB2 oncogene is observed in about 20% of human breast tumors and is the consequence of increased transcription rates frequently associated with gene amplification. Several studies have shown a link between activator protein 2 (AP-2) transcription factors and ERBB2 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, the Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor has been shown to stimulate AP-2 transcriptional activity on the ERBB2 promoter in vitro. In this report, we examined the relationships between ERBB2, AP-2α, and YY1 both in breast cancer tissue specimens and in a mammary cancer cell line. Methods ERBB2, AP-2α, and YY1 protein levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a panel of 55 primary breast tumors. ERBB2 gene amplification status was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Correlations were evaluated by a χ2 test at a p value of less than 0.05. The functional role of AP-2α and YY1 on ERBB2 gene expression was analyzed by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection in the BT-474 mammary cancer cell line followed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Results We observed a statistically significant correlation between ERBB2 and AP-2α levels in the tumors (p < 0.01). Moreover, associations were found between ERBB2 protein level and the combined high expression of AP-2α and YY1 (p < 0.02) as well as between the expression of AP-2α and YY1 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the levels of both AP-2α and YY1 proteins were inversely correlated to ERBB2 gene amplification status in the tumors (p < 0.01). Transfection of siRNAs targeting AP-2α and AP-2γ mRNAs in the BT-474 breast cancer cell line repressed the expression of the endogenous ERBB2 gene at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, the additional transfection of an siRNA directed against the YY1 transcript further reduced the ERBB2 protein level, suggesting that AP-2 and YY1 transcription factors cooperate to stimulate the transcription of the ERBB2 gene. Conclusion This study highlights the role of both AP-2α and YY1 transcription factors in ERBB2 oncogene overexpression in breast tumors. Our results also suggest that high ERBB2 expression may result either from gene amplification or from increased transcription factor levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Allouche
- Department of Pathology, GIGA-Research, CRCE, University of Liege and CHU of Liege, B23, Avenue de l'Hopital, 3, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Lienard A, Merckaert I, Libert Y, Delvaux N, Marchal S, Boniver J, Etienne AM, Klastersky J, Reynaert C, Scalliet P, Slachmuylder JL, Razavi D. Factors that influence cancer patients' and relatives' anxiety following a three-person medical consultation: impact of a communication skills training program for physicians. Psychooncology 2008; 17:488-96. [PMID: 17879970 DOI: 10.1002/pon.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has yet assessed the impact of physicians' skills acquisition after a communication skills training program on changes in patients' and relatives' anxiety following a three-person medical consultation. This study aimed at comparing, in a randomized study, the impact, on patients' and relatives' anxiety, of a basic communication skills training program and the same program consolidated by consolidation workshops and at investigating physicians' communication variables associated with patients' and relatives' anxiety. METHODS Consultations with a cancer patient and a relative were recorded and analyzed by the Cancer Research Campaign Workshop Evaluation Manual. Patients' and relatives' anxiety were assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State. RESULTS No statistically significant change over time and between groups was observed. Mixed-effects modeling of changes in patients' and relatives' anxiety showed that decreases in both patients' and relatives' anxiety were linked with patients' and relatives' self-reported distress (p = 0.031 and 0.005), and that increases in both patients' and relatives' anxiety were linked with physicians' breaking bad news (p = 0.028 and 0.005). CONCLUSION No impact of the training program was observed. Results indicate the need to further study communication skills which may help reduce patients' and relatives' anxiety especially when breaking bad news.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Lienard
- Unité de Recherche en Psychosomatique et Psycho-oncologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Merckaert I, Libert Y, Delvaux N, Marchal S, Boniver J, Etienne AM, Klastersky J, Reynaert C, Scalliet P, Slachmuylder JL, Razavi D. Factors influencing physicians' detection of cancer patients' and relatives' distress: can a communication skills training program improve physicians' detection? Psychooncology 2008; 17:260-9. [PMID: 17575569 DOI: 10.1002/pon.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the impact on physicians' detection of patients' and relatives' distress of six 3-h consolidation workshops (CW) following a 2.5-day communication skills basic training (BT) program and to investigate factors associated with detection of distress. METHODS Physicians, after BT, were randomized to CW or to a waiting list. Physicians' detection of patients' and relatives' distress was measured through differences between physicians' ratings of patients' and relatives' distress (VAS) and patients' and relatives' self-reported distress (HADS). Communication skills were analysed according to the CRCWEM. RESULTS Mixed-effects modelling of physicians' detection of patients' distress showed a positive group by time effect in favour of physicians in the CW group. Detection of patients' distress was associated negatively with patients' distress, positively with physicians' concurrent use of psychological assessment and supportive skills, and negatively with general assessment skills. Mixed-effects modelling of physicians' detection of relatives' distress showed no significant group by time effect. Detection of relatives' distress was associated negatively with relatives' distress and with general assessment skills. CONCLUSION CW following a 2.5-day BT are needed to improve physicians' detection of patients' distress in three-person interviews. Results indicate the need to further improve physicians' detection of relatives' distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Merckaert
- Unité de Recherche en Psychosomatique et Psycho-oncologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Zeddou M, Rahmouni S, Vandamme A, Jacobs N, Frippiat F, Leonard P, Schaaf-Lafontaine N, Vaira D, Boniver J, Moutschen M. Downregulation of CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptors on CD8+ T cells in HIV infection is more pronounced in subjects with detected viral load than in their aviraemic counterparts. Retrovirology 2007; 4:72. [PMID: 17927817 PMCID: PMC2098781 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-4-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD94/NKG2A heterodimer is a natural killer receptor (NKR), which inhibits cell-mediated cytotoxicity upon interaction with MHC class I gene products. It is expressed by NK cells and by a small fraction of activated CD8+ T lymphocytes. Abnormal upregulation of the CD94/NKG2A inhibitory NKR on cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) could be responsible for a failure of immunosurveillance in cancer or HIV infection. In this study, CD94/NKG2A receptor expression on CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells was assessed in 46 HIV-1-infected patients (24 viraemic, 22 aviraemic) and 10 healthy volunteers. The percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing the CD94/NKG2A inhibitory heterodimer was very significantly decreased in HIV-1-infected patients in comparison with non-infected controls. Within the HIV infected patients, the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells expressing CD94/NKG2A was higher in subjects with undetectable viral loads in comparison with their viraemic counterparts. No significant difference was detected in the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing the activatory CD94/NKG2C heterodimer between the HIV-1 infected patients and the healthy donors, nor between the vireamic and avireamic HIV-1 infected patients. In conclusion, chronic stimulation with HIV antigens in viraemic patients leads to a decreased rather than increased CD94/NKG2A expression on CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Zeddou
- University of Liège, Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, GIGA-R, Liège, Belgium.
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