1
|
Choi SH, Lee JG, Cho JH. The Role of Local Prostate and Metastasis-Directed Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e373. [PMID: 37785271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The local ablative therapy for oligometastatic disease (OMD) has the potential to delay further metastases and improve survival. However, it has not been fully elucidated how prostate primary radiotherapy (PPR) and metastasis-directed radiotherapy (MDR) affect prognosis in each different OMD scenario. Herein, we tried to provide efficacy and future perspectives for MDR in oligometastatic prostate cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2010 and 2019 and treated for OMD (≤5 active lesions), which occurred synchronously or metachronously, were included. All patients received MDR at all detected lesions (OMDRT). OMDRT which was performed as soon as OMD was detected was classified as early, and OMDRT for progressions after hormone therapy was classified as late. The primary endpoint was survival after OMDRT, and timing of progression after RT was also analyzed. RESULTS A total of 82 patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer received OMDRT. Among 36 patients with synchronous OMD, 58% received PPR at diagnosis, and 64% received early OMDRT. Among 46 patients with metachronous OMD, 80% received early OMDRT, and 28 received sequential OMDRT for repetitive OMD events. With a median follow-up of 32 months after OMDRT, 54 patients experienced progression and 5-year survival was 78%. Survival was highest in patients with synchronous OMD and early RT (5-year 86%), and 5-year survival of patients with metachronous OMD and early RT was significantly higher than those with late RT (78% vs. 44%, p = 0.003). Survival of patients with synchronous OMD and PPR was significantly higher than those without PPR or with metachronous OMD (5-year 90% vs. 66%, p = 0.030), by delaying progressions (17.9 vs. 7.0 months, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Survival gain could be achieved through OMDRT in oligometastatic prostate cancer, especially in synchronous OMD status. Also, it was possible to improve the prognosis further when OMDRT was performed early and with PPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Choi
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J G Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Choi H, Lee JG, Kim J, Byun HK, Kim KH, Koom WS, Cho JH, Lee IJ. Mapping the Anatomical Distribution of MRI-Identified Locoregional Recurrence following Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy for Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e373. [PMID: 37785270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The pattern of locoregional recurrence specifically after robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) for prostate adenocarcinoma is still unknown. In this study, we reviewed pelvic magnetic resonance images (MRI) after postoperative biochemical recurrence (BCR) and drew a map of locoregional recurrence to support evidence of determining the optimal target volume of salvage radiotherapy in a post-RALP BCR scenario. MATERIALS/METHODS We have retrospectively searched 7,583 prostate adenocarcinoma patients who have received RALP in our institution between January 2010 and December 2021, and found a pool of highly selected patients with gross tumor recurrence confirmed by post-BCR pelvic MRIs and did not have other histories of malignancy. BCR was defined as the serum PSA more or equal to 0.2 ng/mL, or three consecutive increases. Patients with serum PSA nadir more or equal to 0.2 ng/mL on the 90th postoperative day (POD 90) were excluded to guarantee successful tumor removal. We have reviewed serum PSA levels using R codes, MRI and pathological reports using Excel, and descriptive statistics using SPSS 25. The gross lesions were contoured on the correlating MRIs using MIM Maestro 7.1. The RT structure DICOM files were merged into a map using MATLAB 2022b. In addition, we have conducted Fisher exacted test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression to identify risk factors for regional recurrence. RESULTS A total of 173 patients were identified with locoregional recurrence from post-BCR pelvic MRIs, and 139 (80.3%) patients were in the high-risk group or very-high-risk group according to the NCCN guidelines: 57 (32.9%) patients with histological grade group 5, 50 (28.9%) patients with initial PSA over 20 ng/mL, 114 (65.9%) patients with extracapsular extension, 55 (31.8%) patients with seminal vesicle invasion, and 15 (9%) patients with pN1. The median follow-up was 4.7 (IQR 2.8-6.9) years for pelvic MRIs and 5.8 (IQR 4.0-8.6) years for serum PSA. The BCF survival was median of 10.7 (IQR 4.6-19.1) months, and the locoregional recurrence-free survival was median of 24.6 (IQR 9.7-49.4) months for this subgroup of patients. At first locoregional recurrence, 148 (85.5%) patients were local only, 20 (11.6%) patients were regional only, and 5 (2.9%) patients were both local and regional. Out of the 25 patients with regional recurrence, the incidence of gross tumor recurrence differed by nodal sites: 3 (12%) in perirectal space, 5 (20%) in internal iliac, 7 (28%) in obturator, 13 (52%) in external iliac, and 6 (24%) in common iliac lymph nodes. CONCLUSION We have found 173 patients and were able to map reliable gross tumor recurrence sites after RALP and confirmed by pelvic MRIs following BCR. The map supports evidence of using the existing consensus pelvic clinical target volume of salvage radiotherapy, in a post-RALP BCR scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J G Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H K Byun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - W S Koom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - I J Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee HI, Kim J, Kim IA, Lee JH, Cho JH, Yoon HI, Wee CW. Choosing Wisely between Radiotherapy Dose-Fractionation Schedules: The Molecular Graded Prognostic Assessment (molGPA) for Elderly Glioblastoma (eGBM-molGPA). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e125-e126. [PMID: 37784678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aimed to develop a graded prognostic assessment (GPA) model integrating genomic characteristics in patients with elderly glioblastoma (eGBM), and compare the efficacy between conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) vs. hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in each risk group. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients aged ≥65 years who underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy (RT) with or without temozolomide (TMZ) for newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype eGBM between 2006 and 2021 were included in this multicenter cohort study. Patients who were planned for a ≥6-week or ≤4-week radiotherapy were regarded as being treated with CFRT or HFRT, respectively. Based on the prognostic factors significantly identified through multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), we developed the molecular GPA for eGBM (eGBM-molGPA) and assigned 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 points in proportion to the corresponding hazard ratio (HR) of each factor. Then, the survival outcomes by treatment groups were evaluated according to the eGBM-molGPA scores. RESULTS A total of 334 and 239 patients who underwent CFRT and HFRT were included, respectively, and 86% of patients were treated with TMZ-based chemoradiation. With a median follow-up of 17.4 months for survivors, the median OS was 18.7 months for CFRT plus TMZ group, 15.1 months for HFRT plus TMZ group, and 10.4 months for RT alone group, respectively (all p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, Karnofsky performance scale, surgical extent, TMZ, and the methylation status of the MGMT promoter were identified as strong prognostic factors for OS, with an estimated HR of greater than 1.5 (all p<0.001). Additionally, subventricular zone involvement, temporalis muscle thickness, RT regimen, and the mutation status of TERT promoter and TP53 gene were found to be significant prognostic factors for OS, with an estimated HR of less than 1.5. The eGBM-molGPA was established based on these prognostic factors (Table 1) and patients were allocated to three risk groups, which included high risk (total score of 3.0-4.5), intermediate risk (1.5-2.5), and low risk (0.0-1.0). Patients treated with CFRT plus TMZ had significantly improved OS compared to those treated with HFRT plus TMZ or RT alone in the low and intermediate risk groups (p<0.001). However, in the high-risk group, there was no significant difference in OS between treatment options (p = 0.770). CONCLUSION CFRT plus TMZ can be a more effective strategy for selected eGBM patients compared to HFRT. For high-risk patients, a protracted treatment schedule might not be beneficial. The novel eGBM-molGPA can be used as a clinical tool for choosing wisely among treatment options. Further prospective studies are warranted to establish optimal RT guidelines for eGBM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H I Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - I A Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H I Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - C W Wee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cho JH, Kilfoil PJ, Zhang R, Solymani RE, Bresee C, Kang EM, Luther K, Rogers RG, de Couto G, Goldhaber JI, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Reverse electrical remodeling in rats with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e173086. [PMID: 37427587 PMCID: PMC10371331 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
|
5
|
Kreimer S, Binek A, Chazarin B, Cho JH, Haghani A, Hutton A, Marbán E, Mastali M, Meyer JG, Mesquita T, Song Y, Van Eyk J, Parker S. High-Throughput Single-Cell Proteomic Analysis of Organ-Derived Heterogeneous Cell Populations by Nanoflow Dual-Trap Single-Column Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37289937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Identification and proteomic characterization of rare cell types within complex organ-derived cell mixtures is best accomplished by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. High throughput is required to rapidly survey hundreds to thousands of individual cells to adequately represent rare populations. Here we present parallelized nanoflow dual-trap single-column liquid chromatography (nanoDTSC) operating at 15 min of total run time per cell with peptides quantified over 11.5 min using standard commercial components, thus offering an accessible and efficient LC solution to analyze 96 single cells per day. At this throughput, nanoDTSC quantified over 1000 proteins in individual cardiomyocytes and heterogeneous populations of single cells from the aorta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simion Kreimer
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Aleksandra Binek
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Blandine Chazarin
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Ali Haghani
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Alexandre Hutton
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90069, United States
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Mitra Mastali
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Jesse G Meyer
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90069, United States
| | - Thassio Mesquita
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Yang Song
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Jennifer Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Sarah Parker
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He B, Kwan AC, Cho JH, Yuan N, Pollick C, Shiota T, Ebinger J, Bello NA, Wei J, Josan K, Duffy G, Jujjavarapu M, Siegel R, Cheng S, Zou JY, Ouyang D. Blinded, randomized trial of sonographer versus AI cardiac function assessment. Nature 2023; 616:520-524. [PMID: 37020027 PMCID: PMC10115627 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05947-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been developed for echocardiography1-3, although it has not yet been tested with blinding and randomization. Here we designed a blinded, randomized non-inferiority clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05140642; no outside funding) of AI versus sonographer initial assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to evaluate the impact of AI in the interpretation workflow. The primary end point was the change in the LVEF between initial AI or sonographer assessment and final cardiologist assessment, evaluated by the proportion of studies with substantial change (more than 5% change). From 3,769 echocardiographic studies screened, 274 studies were excluded owing to poor image quality. The proportion of studies substantially changed was 16.8% in the AI group and 27.2% in the sonographer group (difference of -10.4%, 95% confidence interval: -13.2% to -7.7%, P < 0.001 for non-inferiority, P < 0.001 for superiority). The mean absolute difference between final cardiologist assessment and independent previous cardiologist assessment was 6.29% in the AI group and 7.23% in the sonographer group (difference of -0.96%, 95% confidence interval: -1.34% to -0.54%, P < 0.001 for superiority). The AI-guided workflow saved time for both sonographers and cardiologists, and cardiologists were not able to distinguish between the initial assessments by AI versus the sonographer (blinding index of 0.088). For patients undergoing echocardiographic quantification of cardiac function, initial assessment of LVEF by AI was non-inferior to assessment by sonographers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan He
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alan C Kwan
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neal Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, San Francisco VA, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Pollick
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takahiro Shiota
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ebinger
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalie A Bello
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janet Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiranbir Josan
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Grant Duffy
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melvin Jujjavarapu
- Enterprise Information Services, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Siegel
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - James Y Zou
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - David Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim MY, Pellot I, Bresee C, Nawaz A, Fournier M, Cho JH, Cingolani E. Diet modification reverses diastolic dysfunction in rats with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. J Mol Cell Cardiol Plus 2023; 3:100031. [PMID: 37273847 PMCID: PMC10237345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dahl Salt-Sensitive (DSS) rats develop heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) when fed a high-salt (8 % NaCl) diet. Hypertension-induced inflammation and subsequent ventricular fibrosis are believed to underlie the development of HFpEF. We investigated the role of diet modification in the progression of HFpEF using male DSS rats, fed either a high-salt diet from7 weeks of age to induce HFpEF, ora normal-salt (0.3% NaCl) diet as controls. After echocardiographic confirmation of diastolic dysfunction at 14-15 weeks of age along with HF manifestations, the HFpEF rats were randomly assigned to either continue a high-salt diet or switch to a normal-salt diet for an additional 4 weeks. HFpEF rats with diet modification showed improved diastolic function (reduced E/E' ratio in echocardiogram), increased functional capacity (increased treadmill exercise distance), and reduced pulmonary congestions (lung/body weight ratio), compared to high-salt-fed HFpEF rats. Systolic blood pressure remained high (~200 mmHg), and ventricular hypertrophy remained unchanged. Ventricular arrhythmia inducibility (100 % inducible) and corrected QT interval (on ECG) did not change in HFpEF rats after diet modification. HFpEF rats with diet modification showed prolonged survival and reduced ventricular fibrosis (Masson's trichrome staining) compared to high-salt-fed HFpEF rats. Hence, the modification of diet (from high-salt to normal-salt diet) reversed HFpEF phenotypes without affecting blood pressure or ventricular hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Yoon Kim
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Isabelle Pellot
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States of America
| | - Asma Nawaz
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Mario Fournier
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang R, Mesquita T, Cho JH, Li C, Sanchez L, Holm K, Akhmerov A, Liu W, Li Y, Ibrahim AG, Cingolani E. Systemic Delivery of Extracellular Vesicles Attenuates Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:147-158. [PMID: 36858679 PMCID: PMC11073791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common comorbidity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. To date, treatments for HFpEF-related AF have been limited to anti-arrhythmic drugs and ablation. Here we examined the effects of immortalized cardiosphere-derived extracellular vesicles (imCDCevs) in rats with HFpEF. OBJECTIVES This study sought to investigate the mechanisms of AF in HFpEF and probe the potential therapeutic efficacy of imCDCevs in HFpEF-related AF. METHODS Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet for 7 weeks to induce HFpEF and randomized to receive imCDCevs (n = 18) or vehicle intravenously (n = 14). Rats fed a normal-salt diet were used as control animals (n = 26). A comprehensive characterization of atrial remodeling was conducted using functional and molecular techniques. RESULTS HFpEF-verified animals showed significantly higher AF inducibility (84%) compared with control animals (15%). These changes were associated with prolonged action potential duration, slowed conduction velocity (connexin 43 lateralization), and fibrotic remodeling in the left atrium of HFpEF compared with control animals. ImCDCevs reversed adverse electrical remodeling (restoration of action potential duration to control levels and reorganization of connexin 43) and reduced AF inducibility (33%). In addition, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are major pathological AF drivers, were markedly attenuated in imCDCevs-treated animals. Importantly, these effects occurred without changes in blood pressure and diastolic function. CONCLUSIONS Thus, imCDCevs attenuated adverse remodeling, and prevented AF in a rat model of HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Thassio Mesquita
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chang Li
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lizbeth Sanchez
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kevin Holm
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Akbarshakh Akhmerov
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Weixin Liu
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yigang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed G Ibrahim
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee S, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Kim TK, Kang CN, Lee JH, Cho JH, Kim SH, Moon SH. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of NVP-1203 and aceclofenac in patients with acute low back pain and muscle spasm: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:315-324. [PMID: 36647880 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202301_30878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute low back pain (LBP) is a common condition that can be chronic if not properly treated. Aceclofenac and eperisone hydrochloride are commonly prescribed drugs for acute LBP and muscle spasms. Therefore, NVP-1203, a fixed-dose combination of 100 mg aceclofenac and 75 mg eperisone hydrochloride, is being developed. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NVP-1203 compared to those of a single administration of 100 mg aceclofenac in patients with acute LBP and muscle spasms. PATIENTS AND METHODS Overall, 455 patients with acute LBP and muscle spasms were enrolled. The patients were assigned to NVP-1203 or Airtal group (aceclofenac 100 mg). The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change in the 100 mm pain movement and resting visual analog scale (VAS) scores on treatment day 7. RESULTS The mean change in the 100 mm pain movement/resting VAS scores from baseline to day 7 was -49.7 ± 21.5/-41.0 ± 19.4 mm and -38.8 ± 18.9/-33.8 ± 18.0 mm for the NVP-1203 and Airtal groups, respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (movement, p < 0.0001; resting, p = 0.0002). Differences in least-square (LS) mean change of the 100 mm pain movement/resting VAS score between the two groups using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model was -10.2/-7.4 mm, and the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval was -6.44/-4.16 mm. CONCLUSIONS NVP-1203 is more effective in reducing pain than the 100 mg aceclofenac alone. However, the two drugs have similar safety profiles in patients with acute LBP and muscle spasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cho JH, Bischofberger I. Yield precursor in primary creep of colloidal gels. Soft Matter 2022; 18:7612-7620. [PMID: 36165999 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00884j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gels under constant moderate stress flow only after a prolonged solid-like deformation. Predicting the time-dependent yielding of the gels would facilitate control of their mechanical stability and transport, but early detectable signs of such delayed solid-to-fluid transition remain unknown. We show that the shear rate of colloidal gels under constant stress can forecast an eventual yielding during the earliest stage of deformation known as primary creep. The shear rate before failure exhibits a characteristic power-law decrease as a function of time, distinct from the linear viscoelastic response. We model this early-stage behavior as a series of uncorrelated local plastic events that are thermally activated, which illuminates the exponential dependence of the yield time on the applied stress. By revealing underlying viscoplasticity, this precursor to yield in the macroscopic shear rate provides a convenient tool to predict the yielding of a gel well in advance of its actual occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Irmgard Bischofberger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cho JH, Shin SY. Effects of smoking cessation on the risk of cardiovascular disease: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the global leading cause of death, and the economic and social burden of CVD is still increasing, Smoking is one of the top three leading risk factors for the disease and one of the well-established and important modifiable risk factors for CVD. However, the time course of CVD risk after smoking cessation is unclear.
Purpose
We assess the association between smoking and CVD and the incidence of CVD with years quitting smoking.
Methods
This study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. Self-reported smoking habit data were used to classify participants as current, former or never smokers and to investigate the duration and intensity of smoking. Smoking records of participants were updated every 2 years, and all participants whose smoking records were changed or unclear were excluded. The primary outcome was the development of CVD, including myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular death.
Results
Total 5,391,231 participants (953,756 subjects were current smokers, 104,604 subjects were former smokers, 4,432,871 subjects never smoker) were followed-up for an average of 4.2 years. The mean age was 45.8 years, 39.9% were male. Cumulative pack-year (PY) were 14 in current smoker, 10.5 in former smokers at baseline. The median years of quitting smoking for former smoker was 4.
Regardless of whether smoking continues or not, a dose-dependent relationship exists between smoking and CVD (Fig. 1). For those smoked less than 8PY, smoking cessation significantly lowered the CVD risk within 10 years compared to current smokers, and the CVD risk was not significantly different from never smokers (Fig. 2A). However, in the case of smokers over 8PY, although smoking cessation affects the reduction of CVD, the CVD risk decreases slowly over decades, and it takes more than 20 years for the effect of smoking on the CVD risk to disappear (Fig. 2B).
Conclusion
Smoking and CVD have a dose-dependent relationship, and mild smokers with less than 8PY had a similar CVD risk to never smokers when quitting smoking. However, for heavy smokers over 8PY, it takes a long time for the CVD risk from smoking to disappear
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Shin
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim M, Nawaz A, Pellot I, Shah PK, Cingolani E, Marban E, Cho JH. Abstract P3132: High-salt Diet Increases Blood Cholesterol: Potential Role Of Hepatic Enzyme CYP51. Circ Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.p3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
The increased consumption of dietary fat has been well established to lead to cardiovascular disease via the elevation of lipids in serum. High blood pressure is also commonly associated with high serum cholesterol levels, but the relationships among blood pressure, dietary sodium intake and serum cholesterol have not been fully elucidated.
Hypothesis:
An increase in the intake of salt causes an elevation of serum cholesterol through the activation of hepatic enzymes critical to cholesterol synthesis.
Methods:
Dahl salt-sensitive rats (n=6) were fed a high-salt (HS) diet (8% NaCl) from 7 weeks of age to induce hypertension. Rats fed a normal-salt (NS) diet (0.3% NaCl; n=6) served as controls. Blood pressure was measured non-invasively using a tail artery cuff. Blood was withdrawn from 6-hour fasting HS and NS-fed rats to check serum cholesterol levels. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterols were measured. Gene expression array and western blot were performed in liver protein extracts from HS and NS-fed rats.
Results:
Systolic blood pressure was elevated in HS-fed rats compared to NS-fed rats at 16 weeks of age (225±23 vs. 156±18 mmHg, p=0.0002). Serum fasting cholesterol was higher in hypertensive rats compared to normotensive rats (194±49 vs. 102±12 mg/dL, p=0.0013). LDL cholesterol was higher in HS-fed rats compared to NS-fed rats (83±9 vs. 60±10 mg/dL, p=0.0024), while HDL and VLDL cholesterol were not. Hepatic cholesterol synthesis gene array revealed significant up-regulation of 3 genes in hypertensive rats in comparison to normotensive rats (
Apoa1
fold change [FC] 2.84, p<0.0001;
Tm7sf2
FC 2.45, p=0.0004;
Cyp51
FC 2.44, p=0.0002). Western blot of hepatic protein extracts showed a definitive increase in CYP51 in HS-fed rats compared to NS-fed rats (normalized against GAPDH, 2.7-fold increase, p=0.0018).
Conclusions:
A high-salt diet increased serum cholesterol levels, potentially via activation of liver enzyme CYP51, which is crucial for the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. Further research is warranted to investigate the mechanisms of how high-salt diets can increase CYP51 in the liver.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho JH, Pellot I, Kim MY, Nawaz A, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Abstract P3026: The Effects Of Diet Modification On The Progression Of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.p3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A high-salt diet has shown to induce hypertension and HFpEF in Dahl salt-sensitive rats; however, once developed, it is unclear if HFpEF resolves after a return to low-salt diet.
Hypothesis:
Dietary modification to reduce salt content will decrease blood pressure and lead to resolution of HFpEF in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
Methods:
Dahl salt-sensitive rats (n=12) were fed a high-salt (HS) diet (8% NaCl) from 7 weeks of age to induce HFpEF. Rats fed a normal-salt (NS) diet (0.3% NaCl; n=6) served as controls. The development of HFpEF was verified with an echocardiogram at 14 weeks of age in HS-fed rats. HS diet was then switched to NS diet in a subset of the HFpEF rats (HFpEF s/p NS, n=6) at 16 weeks of age, while the rest of the HFpEF rats continued to consume HS diet (HFpEF s/p HS, n=6). Blood pressure was measured non-invasively using a tail artery cuff. Echocardiography was performed to measure systolic and diastolic function. Programmed electrical stimulation was performed to induce ventricular arrhythmias.
Results:
In rats with HFpEF, a switch to NS diet improved diastolic function (E/E’ ratio 14.9±3.0 in HFpEF s/p NS vs. 25.3±8.2 in HFpEF s/p HS, p=0.045). However, the diet switch did not reduce systolic blood pressure (204±15 mmHg in HFpEF s/p HS vs. 194±21 mmHg in HFpEF s/p NS, p=0.44). Lung congestion was also significantly reduced after NS diet in rats with HFpEF (lung/body weight 0.39±0.03% in HFpEF s/p NS vs. 0.50±0.06% in HFpEF s/p HS, p=0.0040). Ventricular arrhythmia inducibility did not change after diet switch (100% in both HFpEF s/p HS and HFpEF s/p NS rats), nor did the duration of induced ventricular arrhythmias (75±3 beats in HFpEF s/p HS vs. 67±8 beats in HFpEF s/p NS, p=0.0749). QTc intervals did not decrease after diet changes in rats with HFpEF (226±29 ms in HFpEF s/p HS vs. 225±4 ms in HFpEF s/p NS, p=0.095).
Conclusions:
Diet modification improves diastolic function and reduces pulmonary congestion in Dahl salt-sensitive rats with HFpEF, but it did not reduce blood pressure or inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias. Further mechanistic study is warranted to further investigate the effects of diet on HFpEF progression.
Collapse
|
14
|
Mesquita T, Zhang R, Cho JH, Zhang R, Lin YN, Sanchez L, Goldhaber J, Yu JK, Liang JA, Liu W, Trayanova NA, Cingolani E. Mechanisms of Sinoatrial Node Dysfunction in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circulation 2022; 145:45-60. [PMID: 34905696 PMCID: PMC9083886 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to increase heart rate during exercise and other stressors is a key homeostatic feature of the sinoatrial node (SAN). When the physiological heart rate response is blunted, chronotropic incompetence limits exercise capacity, a common problem in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Despite its clinical relevance, the mechanisms of chronotropic incompetence remain unknown. METHODS Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high-salt diet and C57Bl6 mice fed a high-fat diet and an inhibitor of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester [L-NAME]; 2-hit) were used as models of HFpEF. Myocardial infarction was created to induce HF with reduced ejection fraction. Rats and mice fed with a normal diet or those that had a sham surgery served as respective controls. A comprehensive characterization of SAN function and chronotropic response was conducted by in vivo, ex vivo, and single-cell electrophysiologic studies. RNA sequencing of SAN was performed to identify transcriptomic changes. Computational modeling of biophysically-detailed human HFpEF SAN was created. RESULTS Rats with phenotypically-verified HFpEF exhibited limited chronotropic response associated with intrinsic SAN dysfunction, including impaired β-adrenergic responsiveness and an alternating leading pacemaker within the SAN. Prolonged SAN recovery time and reduced SAN sensitivity to isoproterenol were confirmed in the 2-hit mouse model. Adenosine challenge unmasked conduction blocks within the SAN, which were associated with structural remodeling. Chronotropic incompetence and SAN dysfunction were also found in rats with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Single-cell studies and transcriptomic profiling revealed HFpEF-related alterations in both the "membrane clock" (ion channels) and the "Ca2+ clock" (spontaneous Ca2+ release events). The physiologic impairments were reproduced in silico by empirically-constrained quantitative modeling of human SAN function. CONCLUSIONS Chronotropic incompetence and SAN dysfunction were seen in both models of HF. We identified that intrinsic abnormalities of SAN structure and function underlie the chronotropic response in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thassio Mesquita
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yen-Nien Lin
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lizbeth Sanchez
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua Goldhaber
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joseph K. Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jialiu A. Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Weixin Liu
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Natalia A. Trayanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Alliance for Cardiovascular and Diagnostic and treatment Innovation (ADVANCE), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cho JH. Sudden Death and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Korean Circ J 2022; 52:251-264. [PMID: 35388994 PMCID: PMC8989786 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cho JH, Leong D, Cuk N, Ebinger JE, Bresee C, Yoon SH, Ehdaie A, Shehata M, Wang X, Chugh SS, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Delayed repolarization and ventricular tachycardia in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254641. [PMID: 34255806 PMCID: PMC8277017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sudden death is the most common mode of mortality in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) have been suspected as the etiology but the supporting evidence in patients with HFpEF is scarce. We sought to investigate VA prevalence, and to determine if VA are associated with prolonged repolarization, in patients with HFpEF. In a retrospective case-control study design, Cedars-Sinai patients who underwent prolonged ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (Zio Patch) between 2016 and 2018 were screened for a clinical diagnosis of HFpEF. Patients with normal diastolic and systolic function who underwent Zio Patch monitoring were also reviewed as controls. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare the prevalence of rhythm disturbances in patients with and without HFpEF. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was more prevalent in patients with HFpEF (37% vs. 16% in controls, p = 0.001). Most episodes were non-sustained except for one case of sustained VT in a patient with HFpEF. Covariate-adjusted logistic regression including HFpEF diagnosis, age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of comorbidities revealed that only HFpEF was associated with increased risk of VT (relative risk 2.86, p = 0.023). Subgroup-analyses revealed an association between increased QTc interval and risk of VT (460 ± 38 ms in HFpEF patients with VT vs. 445 ± 28 ms in HFpEF patients without VT, p = 0.03). Non-sustained VT was more prevalent in patients with HFpEF compared to patients without HFpEF, and QTc interval prolongation was associated with VT in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Derek Leong
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Natasha Cuk
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph E. Ebinger
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sung-Han Yoon
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ashkan Ehdaie
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Shehata
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xunzhang Wang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sumeet S. Chugh
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cho JH, Bischofberger I. Two modes of cluster dynamics govern the viscoelasticity of colloidal gels. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:032609. [PMID: 33862797 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.032609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal gels formed by strongly attractive particles at low particle volume fractions are composed of space-spanning networks of uniformly sized clusters. We study the thermal fluctuations of the clusters using differential dynamic microscopy by decomposing them into two modes of dynamics, and link them to the macroscopic viscoelasticity via rheometry. The first mode, dominant at early times, represents the localized, elastic fluctuations of individual clusters. The second mode, pronounced at late times, reflects the collective, viscoelastic dynamics facilitated by the connectivity of the clusters. By mixing two types of particles of distinct attraction strengths in different proportions, we control the transition time at which the collective mode starts to dominate, and hence tune the frequency dependence of the linear viscoelastic moduli of the binary gels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Irmgard Bischofberger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cho JH, Namazi A, Shelton R, Ramireddy A, Ehdaie A, Shehata M, Wang X, Marbán E, Chugh SS, Cingolani E. Cardiac arrhythmias in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A prospective observational study in the western United States. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244533. [PMID: 33370347 PMCID: PMC7769280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmias have been reported frequently in COVID-19 patients, but the incidence and nature have not been well characterized. Patients admitted with COVID-19 and monitored by telemetry were prospectively enrolled in the study. Baseline characteristics, hospital course, treatment and complications were collected from the patients' medical records. Telemetry was monitored to detect the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. The incidence and types of cardiac arrhythmias were analyzed and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Among 143 patients admitted with telemetry monitoring, overall in-hospital mortality was 25.2% (36/143 patients) during the period of observation (mean follow-up 23.7 days). Survivors were less tachycardic on initial presentation (heart rate 90.6 ± 19.6 vs. 99.3 ± 23.1 bpm, p = 0.030) and had lower troponin (peak troponin 0.03 vs. 0.18 ng/ml. p = 0.004), C-reactive protein (peak C-reactive protein 97 vs. 181 mg/dl, p = 0.029), and interleukin-6 levels (peak interleukin-6 30 vs. 246 pg/ml, p = 0.003). Sinus tachycardia, the most common arrhythmia (detected in 39.9% [57/143] of patients), occurred more frequently in non-survivors (58.3% vs. 33.6% in survivors, p = 0.009). Premature ventricular complexes occurred in 28.7% (41/143), and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia in 15.4% (22/143) of patients, with no difference between survivors and non-survivors. Sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation were not frequent (seen only in 1.4% and 0.7% of patients, respectively). Contrary to reports from other regions, overall mortality was higher and ventricular arrhythmias were infrequent in this hospitalized and monitored COVID-19 population. Either disease or management-related factors could explain this divergence of clinical outcomes, and should be urgently investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ali Namazi
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Richard Shelton
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Archana Ramireddy
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ashkan Ehdaie
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Shehata
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xunzhang Wang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sumeet S. Chugh
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cho JH, Han KD, Jung HY, Bond A. National health screening may reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Public Health 2020; 187:172-176. [PMID: 32992163 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since 2007, the Korean government has provided a free health screening to the elderly starting at the age of 66 years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between this general health screening and the incidences of stroke and myocardial infarction and mortality. STUDY DESIGN The study design used in this study is a retrospective cohort study. METHODS The study was conducted using the universe of insurance claims data of Korea and followed a cohort of individuals aged 66 years in 2009 from 2006 through 2016 (n = 354,194). We assessed the association between receipt of the national health screening and health outcomes using propensity matching and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS We found that the receipt of the national health screening was associated with a reduction in negative health outcomes. The hazard ratio for stroke was 0.89 (P < 0.001), 0.88 (P < 0.001) for myocardial infarction and 0.58 for death (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Korea's national health screening was associated with reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - K D Han
- Department of Biostatistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Bond
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cho JH, Leong D, Ebinger J, Yoon SH, Bresee C, Ehdaie A, Shehata M, Wang X, Chugh SS, Marban E, Cingolani E. RHYTHM DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(20)31062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
21
|
Cho JH, Cerbino R, Bischofberger I. Emergence of Multiscale Dynamics in Colloidal Gels. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:088005. [PMID: 32167319 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.088005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the kinetics of colloidal gel evolution at low particle volume fractions ϕ, we utilize differential dynamic microscopy to investigate particle aggregation, geometric percolation, and the subsequent transition to nonergodic dynamics. We report the emergence of unexpectedly rich multiscale dynamics upon the onset of nonergodicity, which separates the wave vectors q into three different regimes. In the high-q domain, the gel exhibits ϕ-independent internal vibrations of fractal clusters. The intermediate-q domain is dominated by density fluctuations at the length scale of the clusters, as evidenced by the q independence of the relaxation time τ. In the low-q domain, the scaling of τ as q^{-3} suggests that the network appears homogeneous. The transitions between these three regimes introduce two characteristic length scales, distinct from the cluster size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Roberto Cerbino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via. F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate (MI) I-20090, Italy
| | - Irmgard Bischofberger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Park HJ, Cho JH, Kim HJ, Park JY, Lee HS, Byun MK. The effect of low body mass index on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality. J Intern Med 2019; 286:573-582. [PMID: 31215064 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia may worsen disease progression and lead to poor outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the effect of BMI on the development of COPD and mortality. METHODS We enrolled 437 584 participants registered in the physical health check-up cohort database of the Korean National Health Interview Survey from 2002 to 2003, and we defined COPD diagnosis based on the ICD-10 code and prescribed medication. BMI (kg m-2 ) classified them to five groups (low BMI < 18.5, normal BMI 18.5-23, overweight 23-25, obesity 25-30, severe obesity ≥30) at baseline. RESULTS Participants in the low BMI group had a significantly higher rate of COPD development for 13 years (7.6%) than those in other groups (3.4-4.1%, P < 0.0001). Amongst never or light smokers, COPD development in the low BMI group (5.6-6.7%) was significantly higher than that in other groups (2.8-4.7%). Similarly, amongst participants with a smoking history of ≥30 years, COPD development in the low BMI group (20.1%) was higher than those in other groups (8.4-12.4%). On multivariable analysis, normal or higher than normal body weight was significantly protective against the development of COPD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.609-0.739,) compared to low BMI. COPD-free-survival (HR, 0.491-0.622) and overall survival (HR, 0.440-0.585) were also better in them compared to those with low BMI (all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Low BMI is an important risk factor for COPD development and mortality. Maintaining adequate body weight may reduce the risk for COPD development and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Park
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M K Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cho JH, Zhang R, Aynaszyan S, Holm K, Goldhaber JI, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Ventricular Arrhythmias Underlie Sudden Death in Rats With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019; 11:e006452. [PMID: 30030266 DOI: 10.1161/circep.118.006452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly common clinically, now rivaling or exceeding HF with reduced ejection fraction . Sudden death is the leading mode of exodus in patients with HFpEF, but the underlying causes are largely unknown. Using ambulatory recordings in a rat model, we test the hypothesis that ventricular arrhythmias (VA) underlie sudden death in HFpEF. METHODS Dahl salt-sensitive rats (7 weeks of age) were fed a high-salt diet to induce HFpEF (n=13) or a normal-salt diet (controls, n=9). Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to check systolic and diastolic function at 14 to 18 weeks of age. Telemetric electrocardiographic recordings were analyzed for QT interval duration, burden of premature ventricular contractions, spontaneous VA, and heart rate variability. Survival was monitored twice daily. RESULTS High-salt-fed rats with clear diastolic dysfunction, preserved ejection fraction, and HF signs were diagnosed with HFpEF at 14 to 15 weeks of age. QT and QTc intervals were prolonged in HFpEF rats compared with controls. Heart rate variability was reduced in HFpEF rats compared with controls. Spontaneous VA were more prevalent in HFpEF rats (6/13=46.1% versus 0/9=0% in controls; P<0.05), and sudden death was observed in 4 of 13 HFpEF rats. Three of the 4 sudden deaths were associated with VA as the terminal rhythm. CONCLUSIONS In this rat model with phenotypically verified HFpEF, sudden death was common and generally associated with VA. Further clinical studies are warranted to determine whether these insights translate to sudden death in HFpEF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Kevin Holm
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cho JH, Cingolani E. Batteries Not Included: A Self-Powered Cardiac Pacemaker. Med One 2019; 4:e190016. [PMID: 37292382 PMCID: PMC10249468 DOI: 10.20900/mo.20190016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
|
25
|
Liu SD, Song MH, Yun W, Lee JH, Kim HB, Cho JH. Effect of carvacrol essential oils on immune response and inflammation-related genes expression in broilers challenged by lipopolysaccharide. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2026-2033. [PMID: 30590708 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of orally administered carvacrol essential oils on immune response and inflammation-related genes expression in broilers challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Eighty 28-day-old (1.28 ± 0.15 kg) ROSS 308 broilers were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (20 pens of 1 chick/trt). Factors were carvacrol essential oil (orally administered or non-orally administered) and LPS (challenged or non-challenged). Individually housed broilers were randomly assigned (n = 20 broilers per treatment: 10 males and 10 females) to four treatments: (1) basic diet (CTR), (2) basic diet + carvacrol (CAR), (3) basic diet + LPS-challenge (LPS), (4) basic diet + carvacrol + LPS-challenge (CAR+LPS). All were fed with the same diet. The experimental period was for 15 d, after which injecting LPS significantly up-regulated the gene expression levels of TNF-α (P < 0.05), IL-1β (P < 0.05), IL-6 (P < 0.05), IL-8 (P < 0.05), TLR2 (P < 0.05), TLR4 (P < 0.05), NF-κB p65 (P < 0.05), AVBD-9 (P < 0.05), and SIgA(P < 0.05) compared with the CTR group; the broilers were challenged by LPS after oral administration of carvacrol, they had significant lower on the gene expression levels of TNF-α (P < 0.05), IL-1β (P < 0.05), IL-6 (P < 0.05), TLR4 (P < 0.05), NF-κB p65 (P < 0.05), and AVBD-9 (P < 0.05) than the LPS group. In conclusion, the broilers orally administrated carvacrol essential oils inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines caused by LPS, affected the pathway of TLRs/NF-κB, and showed an anti-inflammatory function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D Liu
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 361-763, Republic of Korea.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - M H Song
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - W Yun
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - H B Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 361-763, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cho JH, Kilfoil PJ, Zhang R, Solymani RE, Bresee C, Kang EM, Luther K, Rogers RG, de Couto G, Goldhaber JI, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Reverse electrical remodeling in rats with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121123. [PMID: 30282820 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden death is the most common mode of exodus in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) reduce inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of HFpEF, improving diastolic function and prolonging survival. We tested the hypothesis that CDCs decrease ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and thereby possibly contribute to prolonged survival. Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet to induce HFpEF. Allogeneic rat CDCs (or phosphate-buffered saline as placebo) were injected in rats with echo-verified HFpEF. CDC-injected HFpEF rats were less prone to VA induction by programmed electrical stimulation. Action potential duration (APD) was shortened, and APD homogeneity was increased by CDC injection. Transient outward potassium current density was upregulated in cardiomyocytes from CDC rats relative to placebo, as were the underlying transcript (Kcnd3) and protein (Kv4.3) levels. Fibrosis was attenuated in CDC-treated hearts, and survival was increased. Sudden death risk also trended down, albeit nonsignificantly. CDC therapy decreased VA in HFpEF rats by shortening APD, improving APD homogeneity, and decreasing fibrosis. Unlike other stem/progenitor cells, which often exacerbate arrhythmias, CDCs reverse electrical remodeling and suppress arrhythmogenesis in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter J Kilfoil
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ryan E Solymani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elliot M Kang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kristin Luther
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Russell G Rogers
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey de Couto
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua I Goldhaber
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim W, Kim HO, Cho JH, Kim JM, Chung HM. 4064Effects of chronic kidney disease on clinical outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease undergoing endovascular treatment: analysis from the K-VIS ELLA registry. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H O Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Cho
- Saint Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Korea Republic of
| | - J M Kim
- Saint Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Chung
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim W, Kim JM, Cho JH, Kim HO, Woo JS, Chung HM. P6400Circadian distribution of acute myocardial infarction in different age groups: sinusoidal function analyses. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J M Kim
- Saint Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Cho
- Saint Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H O Kim
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Woo
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Chung
- Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee J, Kang HG, Lim TH, Oh J, Cho Y, Cho JH. The Development of Emergency Medicine in South Korea: Academic Productivity in Highly Cited Journals. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791402100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to examine the number of publications by South Korean emergency physicians in highly cited journals and the increase in their numbers. It also sought to assess the impact factors of such publications. Methods The present study was a retrospective quantitative literature review of the publications by South Korean emergency physicians from 1996 to 2011 in the category of “emergency medicine” in the science edition of Journal Citation Reports 2011. We analysed the total number of articles published by South Korean emergency physicians and their impact factors. Results Between 1996 and 2011, the number of South Korean board-certified emergency physicians increased from 51 to 958, and 230 articles were published in 14 highly cited journals. The total impact factor (IF) of the original articles published during that period was 227.86, and the mean IF was 1.93. More than 10 articles had been published annually in the past 5 years in highly cited journals and there were over 400 South Korean board-certified emergency physicians. Conclusions Emergency medicine in South Korea started about 20 years ago, but academic productivity, indicated by at least ten articles annually in highly cited journals, was only achieved in the last five years. The mean IF of these articles was similar to that in other highly productive countries. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:205-212)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Y Cho
- Hallym University, Kandong Sacred Heart Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Cho
- Kangwon National University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kangwon-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kim SH, Park KN, Kim J, Eun CK, Park YM, Oh MK, Choi KH, Kim HJ, Kim DW, Choo HJ, Cho JH, Oh JH, Park HY. Accuracy of Plain Abdominal Radiography in the Differentiation between Small Bowel Obstruction and Small Bowel Ileus in Acute Abdomen Presenting to Emergency Department. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791101800202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Our purpose was to evaluate whether plain abdominal radiography (PAR) could accurately differentiate between small bowel obstruction (SBO) and small bowel ileus (SBI) in an emergency setting. We also evaluated the value of known classic signs on the PAR for differentiating between SBO and SBI. Methods This retrospective study included 216 emergency room patients who had small bowel distension (maximal small bowel diameter ≥2.5 cm) on the PAR and who underwent successive abdominal computed tomography. One radiologist and one emergency physician retrospectively reviewed PAR in consensus, unaware of the patients' clinical data; they divided the patients into an SBO group and an SBI group according to the radiographic findings. Presence or numeric values of 10 radiographic signs were also recorded. Final diagnoses of SBO and SBI were established by a combined analysis of medical charts, surgical records, radiographic findings on abdominal computed tomography, and small bowel studies. The differential diagnoses based on PAR and the final diagnoses were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity of PAR were calculated. We also evaluated the differences among 10 radiographic signs between the final SBO and SBI groups. Results Sensitivity and specificity of PAR for SBO were 82.0% and 92.4%, respectively. Among the 10 radiographic signs, all except maximal colon diameter were statistically significant predictors on the final diagnosis. Conclusions PAR is an accurate and effective initial imaging modality for differentiating between SBO and SBI in an emergency setting, and most of the classic radiographic signs have a diagnostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SH Kim
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - KN Park
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - CK Eun
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - YM Park
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - MK Oh
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Choi
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
- Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumo-dong, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, 480-717, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Kim
- Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumo-dong, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, 480-717, Republic of Korea
| | - DW Kim
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Choo
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Cho
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Oh
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| | - HY Park
- Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1435 Jwa-dong, Haewondae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cho JH, Youn SJ, Moore JC, Kyriakakis R, Vekstein C, Militello M, Poe SM, Wolski K, Tchou PJ, Varma N, Niebauer MJ, Bhargava M, Saliba WI, Wazni OM, Lindsay BD, Wilkoff BL, Chung MK. Safety of Oral Dofetilide Reloading for Treatment of Atrial Arrhythmias. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017; 10:CIRCEP.117.005333. [PMID: 29038104 DOI: 10.1161/circep.117.005333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dofetilide labeling states that the drug must be initiated or reinitiated with continuous electrocardiographic monitoring and in the presence of trained personnel, the risks of dofetilide reloading justifying repeat hospitalization have not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients admitted for dofetilide reloading for atrial arrhythmias were retrospectively reviewed. The need for dose adjustment and the incidence of torsades de pointes (TdP) were identified. The incidence of TdP in dofetilide reloading was compared with patients admitted for dofetilide initial loading. Of 138 patients admitted for dofetilide reloading for atrial arrhythmias, 102 were reloaded at a previously tolerated dose, 30 with a higher dose from a previously tolerated dose and 2 at a lower dose; prior dosage was unknown in 4 patients. Dose adjustment or discontinuation was required in 44 patients (31.9%). No TdP occurred in the same dose reloading group, but TdP occurred in 2 patients admitted to increase dofetilide dosage (0% versus 6.7%; P=0.050). Dofetilide dose adjustment or discontinuation was required in 30 of 102 patients (29.4%) reloaded at a previously tolerated dose and in 11 of 30 patients (36.7%) admitted for an increase in dose. CONCLUSIONS Although no TdP occurred in patients admitted to reload dofetilide at the same dose as previously tolerated, dosage adjustments or discontinuation was frequent and support the need for hospitalization for dofetilide reloading. Patients admitted for reloading with a higher dose tended to be at higher risk for TdP than patients reloaded at a prior tolerated dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - So Jin Youn
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - JoEllyn C Moore
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Roxanne Kyriakakis
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Carolyn Vekstein
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Michael Militello
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Stacy M Poe
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Kathy Wolski
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Patrick J Tchou
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Niraj Varma
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Mark J Niebauer
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Mandeep Bhargava
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Walid I Saliba
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Oussama M Wazni
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Bruce D Lindsay
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Bruce L Wilkoff
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Mina K Chung
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Cho: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Current address for Dr Youn: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Current address for Dr Moore: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN. Current address for R. Kyriakakis: College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Current address for C. Vekstein: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA. Current address for M. Militello: Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, OH.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Grigorian-Shamagian L, Liu W, Fereydooni S, Middleton RC, Valle J, Cho JH, Marbán E. Cardiac and systemic rejuvenation after cardiosphere-derived cell therapy in senescent rats. Eur Heart J 2017; 38:2957-2967. [PMID: 29020403 PMCID: PMC5837602 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim is to assess the effects of CDCs on heart structure, function, gene expression, and systemic parameters in aged rats. Diastolic dysfunction is characteristic of aged hearts. Cardiosphere-derived cell (CDC) therapy has exhibited several favourable effects on heart structure and function in humans and in preclinical models; however, the effects of CDCs on aging have not been evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared intra-cardiac injections of neonatal rat CDCs to vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS) in 21.8 ± 1.6 month-old rats (mean ± standard deviation; n = 23 total). Ten rats 4.1 ± 1.5 months of age comprised a young reference group. Blood, echocardiographic, haemodynamic and treadmill stress tests were performed at baseline in all animals, and 1 month after treatment in old animals. Histology and the transcriptome were assessed after terminal phenotyping. For in vitro studies, human heart progenitors from older donors, or cardiomyocytes from aged rats were exposed to human CDCs or exosomes secreted by CDCs (CDC-XO) from paediatric donors. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CDCs, but not PBS, recapitulated a youthful pattern of gene expression in the hearts of old animals (85.5% of genes differentially expressed, P < 0.05). Telomeres in heart cells were longer in CDC-transplanted animals (P < 0.0001 vs. PBS). Cardiosphere-derived cells attenuated hypertrophy by echo (P < 0.01); histology confirmed decreases in cardiomyocyte area (P < 0.0001) and myocardial fibrosis (P < 0.05) vs. PBS. Cardiosphere-derived cell injection improved diastolic dysfunction [lower E/A (P < 0.01), E/E' (P = 0.05), end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (P < 0.05) compared with baseline), and lowered serum brain natriuretic peptide (both P < 0.05 vs. PBS). In CDC-transplanted old rats, exercise capacity increased ∼20% (P < 0.05 vs. baseline), body weight decreased ∼30% less (P = 0.05 vs. PBS) and hair regrowth after shaving was more robust (P < 0.05 vs. PBS). Serum biomarkers of inflammation (IL-10, IL-1b, and IL-6) improved in the CDC group (P < 0.05 for each, all vs. PBS). Young CDCs secrete exosomes which increase telomerase activity, elongate telomere length, and reduce the number of senescent human heart cells in culture. CONCLUSION Young CDCs rejuvenate old animals as gauged by cardiac gene expression, heart function, exercise capacity, and systemic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Weixin Liu
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Soraya Fereydooni
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ryan C. Middleton
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jackelyn Valle
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cho JH, Zhang R, Kilfoil PJ, Gallet R, de Couto G, Bresee C, Goldhaber JI, Marbán E, Cingolani E. Delayed Repolarization Underlies Ventricular Arrhythmias in Rats With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circulation 2017; 136:2037-2050. [PMID: 28974519 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.028202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents approximately half of heart failure, and its incidence continues to increase. The leading cause of mortality in HFpEF is sudden death, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Dahl salt-sensitive rats were fed a high-salt diet (8% NaCl) from 7 weeks of age to induce HFpEF (n=38). Rats fed a normal-salt diet (0.3% NaCl) served as controls (n=13). Echocardiograms were performed to assess systolic and diastolic function from 14 weeks of age. HFpEF-verified and control rats underwent programmed electrical stimulation. Corrected QT interval was measured by surface ECG. The mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) were probed by optical mapping, whole-cell patch clamp to measure action potential duration and ionic currents, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting to investigate changes in ion channel expression. RESULTS After 7 weeks of a high-salt diet, 31 of 38 rats showed diastolic dysfunction and preserved ejection fraction along with signs of heart failure and hence were diagnosed with HFpEF. Programmed electric stimulation demonstrated increased susceptibility to VA in HFpEF rats (P<0.001 versus controls). The arrhythmogenicity index was increased (P<0.001) and the corrected QT interval on ECG was prolonged (P<0.001) in HFpEF rats. Optical mapping of HFpEF hearts demonstrated prolonged action potentials (P<0.05) and multiple reentry circuits during induced VA. Single-cell recordings of cardiomyocytes isolated from HFpEF rats confirmed a delay of repolarization (P=0.001) and revealed downregulation of transient outward potassium current (Ito; P<0.05). The rapid components of the delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) and the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) were also downregulated (P<0.05), but the current densities were much lower than for Ito. In accordance with the reduction of Ito, both Kcnd3 transcript and Kv4.3 protein levels were decreased in HFpEF rat hearts. CONCLUSIONS Susceptibility to VA was markedly increased in rats with HFpEF. Underlying abnormalities include QT prolongation, delayed repolarization from downregulation of potassium currents, and multiple reentry circuits during VA. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that potassium current downregulation leads to abnormal repolarization in HFpEF, which in turn predisposes to VA and sudden cardiac death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Peter J Kilfoil
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Romain Gallet
- Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France (R.G.)
| | - Geoffrey de Couto
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (C.B.)
| | - Joshua I Goldhaber
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (J.H.C., R.Z., P.J.K., G.d.C., J.I.G., E.M., E.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hong TH, Cho JH, Shin SM, Kim HK, Choi YS, Zo JI, Shim YM, Kim J. F-063EXTENDED SLEEVE LOBECTOMY FOR CENTRALLY LOCATED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: A 20-YEAR SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
35
|
Shin S, Choi YS, Cho JH, Kim HK, Kim J, Zo JI, Shim YM. F-072PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF PATHOLOGIC MICROSCOPIC LYMPHOVASCULAR INVASION IN COMPLETELY RESECTED EARLY STAGE NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER: IMPLICATION TO THE T DESCRIPTOR. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx280.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
36
|
Oh SY, Yun W, Lee JH, Lee CH, Kwak WK, Cho JH. Effects of essential oil (blended and single essential oils) on anti-biofilm formation of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. J Anim Sci Technol 2017; 59:4. [PMID: 28239484 PMCID: PMC5316425 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-017-0127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Biofilms were the third-dimensional structure in the solid surface of bacteria. Bacterial biofilms were difficult to control by host defenses and antibiotic therapies. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella were popular pathogenic bacteria that live in human and animal intestines. Essential oils are aromatic oily liquids from plant materials and well known for their antibacterial activities. Method This study was conducted to determine effect of essential oil on anti-biological biofilm formation of E. coli and Salmonella strains in in vitro experiment. Two kinds of bacterial strains were separated from 0.2 g pig feces. Bacterial strains were distributed in 24 plates per treatment and each plates as a replication. The sample was coated with a Bacterial biofilm formation was. Result Photographic result, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella bacteria colony surface were thick smooth surface in control. However, colony surface in blended and single essential oil treatment has shown crack surface layer compared with colony surfaces in control. Conclusion In conclusion, this study could confirm that essential oils have some interesting effect on anti-biofilm formation of E. coli and Salmonella strains from pig feces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Y Oh
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| | - W Yun
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| | - W K Kwak
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kim EK, Cho JH, Jeong AR, Kim EJ, Park DK, Kwon KA, Chung JW, Kim KO, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kim YJ. Anti-inflammatory effects of simvastatin in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced small bowel injury. J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 68:69-77. [PMID: 28456771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Small bowel injury can occur as the result of a multifaceted process that includes increased acid secretion, generation of reactive oxygen species, and cyclooxygenase inhibition. However, no effective medication for small bowel ulceration is available. Simvastatin is an important lipid-lowering agent with anti-inflammatory activity. We aimed to validate the effects of simvastatin in vitro and in vivo. In presence or absence of simvastatin, IEC-6 small bowel cell line with 50 ng/ml of tumor nectosis factor α (TNF-α) was investigated by western blotting, qRT-PCR, and DCF-DA assay. In addition, an in vivo study of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced small bowel inflammation was performed using 7-week-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) male C57BL/6 mice. Simvastatin treatment reduced the mRNA levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 by approximately 50% in TNF-α-stimulated IEC-6 cells. Treatment with a combination of 50 ng/ml TNF-α and μM simvastatin decreased activation of Akt, IκBα, and nuclear factor-κB p65 level in IEC-6 cells. By DCF-DA staining, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was increased in TNF-α-stimulated cells, and treatment with simvastatin decreased the level of ROS. In addition, in vivo mouse model of NSAID-induced small bowel inflammation, the administration of simvastatin reduced the number of small bowel hemorrhagic lesions and the level of ROS production as determined by gross examination and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine immunohistochemistry of small bowel tissue, respectively. Simvastatin reduced NSAID-induced injuries by both suppression of ROS generation and modulation of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has potential as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for NSAID-induced small bowel injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E K Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - A R Jeong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - D K Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K A Kwon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K O Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Song JC, Suk EH, Cho JH, Ju W, Lee CS, Lim YS. Development of atrial flutter after induction of general anesthesia and conversion to atrial fibrillation −A case report−. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2017. [DOI: 10.17085/apm.2017.12.1.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chul Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Suk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Wan Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chul Seung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, KS Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
A questionnaire was developed to reflect traditional Eastern and Western world views. The Eastern perspective is conceived of as the basically monistic view of existence shared by Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Hinduism; the Western view, on the other hand, is seen as based on the dualistic outlook of reality underlying both Judeo-Christian and much of Greek thought. Test-retest reliability over 2 wk., based on responses of 83 college students, is .76. A study involving 4 American Buddhists, 69 Transpersonal psychologists. 29 business executives, 17 legal administrators, and 173 college students with various majors suggests that the questionnaire has considerable predictive validity.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The East-West Questionnaire, Zen Scale and Consciousness I, II, and III scales were administered to 140 college students. As predicted, scores on the East-West Questionnaire correlated positively with the Zen and Consciousness III Scale. The hypothesis that East-West scores would correlate negatively with Consciousness I and II performance was not upheld. Sex differences were found for East-West performance.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The Value Survey, Ways of Life Scale, and East-West Questionnaire were administered to 210 students in introductory psychology to determine the value and life style preferences of Eastern- and Western-oriented individuals. The findings were, in general, consonant with the assumptions underlying the design of the East-West Questionnaire. Sex differences, however, indicate that Eastern and Western male and female subjects have somewhat different value and life style preferences.
Collapse
|
42
|
Kim HS, Kim H, Jeong YJ, Yang SJ, Baik SJ, Lee H, Lee SH, Cho JH, Choi IY, Yim HW, Yoon KH. Comparative analysis of the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids for hypertriglyceridaemia management in Korea. J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:508-14. [PMID: 27426000 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the ability of statin monotherapy (ST group), omega-3 fatty acid monotherapy (OM_A group) and combination therapy with omega-3 fatty acids and a statin (OM_S group), to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with hypertriglyceridaemia. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we extracted data from the electronic medical records of patients initially prescribed either a statin or omega-3 fatty acids between January, 2009 and December, 2013. We performed a comparative analysis of the change in cholesterol levels between baseline and an average of 3 months later. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Data were extracted for 2071 patients. The average daily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl ester and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ethyl ester intake was 1689 mg, and 79-86% of the OM_A and OM_S groups were prescribed two omega-3 fatty acid capsules. At a baseline TG level of between 200 and 500 mg/dL, TG levels were reduced by 16 ± 2·8% in the ST group, 28 ± 2·8% in the OM_A group and 29 ± 2·3% in the OM_S group (P = 0·001 for ST group vs. OM_A and OM_S groups), with no difference between the OM_A and OM_S groups. At a baseline TG level ≥500 mg/dL, there was no difference in TG level reduction between the three groups (54 ± 7·3%, 55·8 ± 3·5% and 51·8 ± 6·8%, respectively, P = 0·851). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Although omega-3 fatty acids are not considered the primary medication for hypertriglyceridaemia, the prescription of omega-3 fatty acids is justifiable if reduction in TG levels is judged to be necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-S Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Jeong
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Yang
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Baik
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Lee
- Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Catholic Medical Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-Y Choi
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H W Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Yoon
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jung HS, Jin SH, Cho JH, Han SH, Lee DK, Cho H. UTE-ΔR2 -ΔR2 * combined MR whole-brain angiogram using dual-contrast superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:690-701. [PMID: 27061076 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to visualize whole-brain vasculature is important for quantitative in vivo investigation of vascular malfunctions in cerebral small vessel diseases, including cancer, stroke and neurodegeneration. Transverse relaxation-based ΔR2 and ΔR2 * MR angiography (MRA) provides improved vessel-tissue contrast in animal deep brain with the aid of intravascular contrast agents; however, it is susceptible to orientation dependence, air-tissue interface artifacts and vessel size overestimation. Dual-mode MRA acquisition with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) provides a unique opportunity to systematically compare and synergistically combine both longitudinal (R1 ) and transverse (ΔR2 and ΔR2 *) relaxation-based MRA. Through Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and MRA experiments in normal and tumor-bearing animals with intravascular SPION, we show that ultrashort TE (UTE) MRA acquires well-defined vascularization on the brain surface, minimizing air-tissue artifacts, and combined ΔR2 and ΔR2 * MRA simultaneously improves the sensitivity to intracortical penetrating vessels and reduces vessel size overestimation. Consequently, UTE-ΔR2 -ΔR2 * combined MRA complements the shortcomings of individual angiograms and provides a strategy to synergistically merge longitudinal and transverse relaxation effects to generate more robust in vivo whole-brain micro-MRA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H S Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - S H Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - S H Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim HS, Lee SH, Kim H, Lee SH, Cho JH, Lee H, Yim HW, Kim SH, Choi IY, Yoon KH, Kim JH. Statin-related aminotransferase elevation according to baseline aminotransferases level in real practice in Korea. J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:266-72. [PMID: 27015878 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Higher rate of statin-related hepatotoxicity has been reported for Koreans than for Westerners. Moreover, statin-related aminotransferase elevation for those who show borderline levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) (≤×3 of UNL) at baseline has not been fully investigated. METHODS Post-statin changes AST/ALT levels during the first year for 21 233 Korean outpatients at two large academic teaching hospitals from January 2009 to December 2013 were analysed using electronic health record data. The date of the first statin prescription was set as baseline. We also performed a comparative analysis of statin-related AST/ALT elevations according to the type of statin, followed by an analysis of clinical risk factors. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The progression rate to abnormal AST/ALT values [>×3 the upper normal limit (UNL)] was significantly higher (2·4-16% vs. 0·3-1·7%, P < 0·001) in subjects with borderline (>×1, but ≤×3 of UNL) compared with normal AST/ALT values at baseline. Those with normal baseline AST/ALT did not show significantly different progression rate between different statin medications (P = 0·801). However, patients taking pitavastatin (HR = 0·76, P = 0·657) were least likely to develop abnormal AST/ALT, whereas those taking fluvastatin (HR = 2·96, P = 0·029) were the most likely to develop abnormal AST/ALT compared with atorvastatin for patients who were with baseline borderline AST/ALT. However, given the small sample sizes and the observational nature of our study, these need further study. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION It is advisable to regularly monitor AST/ALT levels even in patients with AST/ALT increases >×1. Future studies should aim to determine the possible risk factors for each specific statin type by analysing various confounding variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-S Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Centre, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Lee
- Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Catholic Medical Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H W Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-Y Choi
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Yoon
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Centre, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim HS, Kim H, Lee H, Park B, Park S, Lee SH, Cho JH, Song H, Kim JH, Yoon KH, Choi IY. Analysis and comparison of statin prescription patterns and outcomes according to clinical department. J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:70-7. [PMID: 26791968 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE There is a disparity between the Korean treatment guidelines and actual clinical prescription habits. This study was designed to evaluate the department-specific disparities and achievement rates for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets, based on each department's specific statin prescription patterns. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated data from 31 718 patients who had been prescribed a statin at least once between January 2008 and June 2013 at our institution. Patients were classified into the high-risk (target LDL-C < 100 mg/dL) or moderate-risk (target LDL-C < 130 mg/dL) groups, according to the National Cholesterol Education Programme-Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Statins were most commonly prescribed in the cardiology (32·0%) and endocrinology (26·6%) departments. For the high-risk group, 70% of patients in the cardiology, endocrinology and cardiac surgery departments achieved their target LDL-C levels (<100 mg/dL). However, the target achievement rates in most other departments were <70%. For the moderate-risk group, 79·2% of patients achieved their target levels. Departments that prescribed a greater number of high- or intermediate-potency statins were more likely to achieve their target LDL-C levels. The group that achieved their target LDL-C levels (<100 mg/dL) exhibited a significant positive relationship (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0·8571, P = 0·0065), from low to high potency. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Some departments tend to undertreat when prescribing statins. However, to reach to the target LDL-C levels, physicians must overcome their tendency to undertreat with statins. We believe that the target achievement rate will increase if doctors are more actively aware of a patient's individual status and related risk factors before prescribing statins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-S Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Lee
- Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Information System, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Information System, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Song
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Yoon
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Y Choi
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cho JH, Park CW, Ohk TG, Shin MC, Kim YS, Won MH. Ischemic preconditioning maintains immunoreactivities of glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein in neurons of the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region following transient cerebral ischemia. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4798590 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
47
|
Cho JH, Park CW, Ohk TG, Shin MC, Kim YS, Won MH. Ischemic preconditioning induces neuroprotection cause by a transient global ischemia via maintaining the expression of p63. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796693 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
48
|
Cho JH, Park CW, Ohk TG, Shin MC, Kim YS, Won MH. Neuroprotective effects of novel antiepileptic drug lacosamide via decreasing glial activation in the hippocampus of a gerbil model of ischemic stroke. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797564 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
49
|
Cho JH, Selen MA, Kocheril AG. Screening of young competitive athletes for the prevention of sudden cardiac death with a wireless electrocardiographic transmission device: a pilot study. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:342. [PMID: 26260154 PMCID: PMC4531846 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 12-lead electrocardiographic screening for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in young competitive athletes is not cost-effective and thus not routinely recommended. We investigate whether a less expensive wireless electrocardiographic transmission device can be used to screen for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in this population. Methods During pre-participation screening, twenty college football players underwent two electrocardiograms: a conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram and a wireless 9-lead electrocardiogram. We compared several electrocardiographic parameters (QRS duration, left ventricular hypertrophy using the Cornell voltage criteria and the Sokolow–Lyon criteria, ST deviation and corrected QT interval) to determine the correlation. Results The QRS duration, left ventricular hypertrophy using the Cornell voltage criteria and the Sokolow–Lyon criteria and corrected QT interval exhibited significant correlation between the two types of electrocardiograms (correlation coefficient 0.878, 0.630, 0.770 and 0.847, respectively with P values of 0.01, 0.003, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). ST deviation in V1 was weakly correlated between the two types of electrocardiograms without statistical significance (correlation coefficient 0.360 with a P value of 0.119). Conclusions Our newly developed wireless 9-lead electrocardiogram demonstrated significant correlations with a conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram in terms of QRS duration, left ventricular hypertrophy and corrected QT interval.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Cho
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Mats A Selen
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Abraham G Kocheril
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 101 West University Avenue, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sandborn WJ, Melmed GY, McGovern DPB, Loftus EV, Choi JM, Cho JH, Abraham B, Gutierrez A, Lichtenstein G, Lee SD, Randall CW, Schwartz DA, Regueiro M, Siegel CA, Spearman M, Kosutic G, Pierre-Louis B, Coarse J, Schreiber S. Clinical and demographic characteristics predictive of treatment outcomes for certolizumab pegol in moderate to severe Crohn's disease: analyses from the 7-year PRECiSE 3 study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:330-42. [PMID: 26031921 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical factors were previously identified as predictors of short-term treatment efficacy in Crohn's disease (CD). The PRECiSE 3 (P3) 7-year trial provides an opportunity to study predictors of short- and long-term clinical remission among CD patients treated with certolizumab pegol (CZP). AIM To identify factors that influence long-term remission of CD with CZP treatment. METHODS Patients who had completed placebo-controlled studies (PRECiSE 1/PRECiSE 2, P1/P2) enrolled in P3 and received open-label CZP 400 mg every 4 weeks up to 7 years. Baseline predictors included, but were not limited to, smoking status, disease duration, prior inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) surgery, Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI), albumin, haematocrit and CZP exposure; association with time to initial remission (HBI ≤4) was tested for patients who received CZP in P1/P2; time to loss of remission/frequency of maintenance of remission was also tested. Univariate analyses and multivariate Cox or logistic regression models were used. RESULTS Predictors for initial remission (N = 377) included age, haematocrit, prior IBD surgery and entry HBI (P < 0.05 for all). Predictors for loss of remission (N = 437) included HBI, serum albumin concentration, haematocrit, smoking status and exposure. Predictors of maintenance of remission (N = 437) included haematocrit, IBD surgery, HBI, disease duration, serum albumin concentration and exposure. Significant predictors were confirmed with stepwise multivariate regression models. CONCLUSIONS These analyses identified several influential parameters for short-and long-term remission of Crohn's disease with certolizumab pegol treatment. The data yield valuable hypotheses regarding factors that influence certolizumab pegol treatment. More investigation is needed. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00552058).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Sandborn
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G Y Melmed
- The Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D P B McGovern
- The Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - J M Choi
- UCLA Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J H Cho
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - A Gutierrez
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G Lichtenstein
- Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S D Lee
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C W Randall
- Gastroenterology Research of America, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - D A Schwartz
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Regueiro
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C A Siegel
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - S Schreiber
- Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|