1
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Jørgensen CJ, Wegeberg S, Lassen P, Møller EF, Gustavson K. PAHs in high Arctic copepods Calanus hyperboreus following exposure of residues from in situ burning of oil spill. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169015. [PMID: 38040369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ burning of marine oil spills reduces the total amount of oil in the environment, but a negative side effect may be the generation of environmentally hazardous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that may pose a risk for bioaccumulation, particularly in organisms having a high lipid content. In this study uptake of PAHs from oil and burn residue were examined in the high arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus. A major part of the low ring number petrogenic PAHs in the oil was removed during burning and relative higher concentrations of pyrogenic high ring number PAHs was found in the burn residue. This suggests that burning markedly reduces the general PAH exposure load. Furthermore, the pyrogenic PAHs generated during the burn were not bioconcentrated to quantifiable levels in the copepods. We conclude that in situ burning can mitigate the potential risk of PAH uptake for copepods and other pelagic organisms in the marine environment as the pyrogenic PAHs only pose low risk for uptake from the water by the copepods and other pelagic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | | | - Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pia Lassen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Eva Friis Møller
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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2
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Wegeberg S, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Gustavson K, Lilover MJ, Boertmann D, Christensen T, Johansen KL, Spelling-Clausen D, Rigét F, Mosbech A. EOS - Environment & Oil Spill Response. An analytic tool for environmental assessments to support oil spill response planning: Framework, principles, and proof-of-concept by an Arctic example. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115948. [PMID: 38141583 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The Environment & Oil Spill Response tool (EOS), supports oil spill response planning and decision making. This tool is developed on a research basis, and is an index based, generic and open-source analytic tool, which environmentally can optimise the choice of oil spill response methods for a given spill situation and for a given sea area with respect to environment and nature. The tool is not linked to a particular oil spill simulation model, although it is recommended using oil spill simulation models to have detailed data available for the analysis. The EOS tool consists of an Excel workbook with formulas for calculations and scores followed by screening through decision trees. As case for the EOS tool proof-of-concept, the area of Store Hellefiskebanke, West Greenland, is used. The tool can be downloaded from the Aarhus University home page as a free-of-charge application and is accompanied by a handbook for guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Madis-Jaak Lilover
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, EE-15199 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tom Christensen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kasper Lambert Johansen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Daniel Spelling-Clausen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Frank Rigét
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anders Mosbech
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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3
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Linnebjerg JF, Nordam T, Rigét FF, Kristensen P, Skancke J, Wegeberg S, Mosbech A, Gustavson K. Effects of chemical dispersants on feathers from Arctic seabirds. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114659. [PMID: 36738727 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical dispersion is an oil spill response strategy where dispersants are sprayed onto the oil slick to enhance oil dispersion into the water. However, accidental application could expose seabirds to dispersants, thereby negatively affecting their plumage. To understand the possible impacts on seabirds, feathers from common eider (Somateria mollissima) and thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) were exposed to different dosages of the dispersant Dasic Slickgone NS. For all exposure dosages the feathers increased in weight, and mostly for common eider. Analysing the feather microstructure, e.g., the Amalgamation Index, showed that larger damages were found on thick-billed murre than common eider. A no-sinking limit was established at 0.109 ml/m2. Relating this value to desktop simulations of potential sea-surface dosages in real-life situations, and to published accounts of response operations, showed that the limit is likely to be exceeded. Thus, our results show that chemical dispersants in realistic dosages could impact seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jannie Fries Linnebjerg
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tor Nordam
- Department of Climate and Environment, SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physics, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frank F Rigét
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paneeraq Kristensen
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Skancke
- Department of Climate and Environment, SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Susse Wegeberg
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anders Mosbech
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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4
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Wegeberg S, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Geertz-Hansen O, Wiktor J, Bogø-Wilms L, Larsen MB, Renvald L, Gustavson K. Coastline in-situ burning of oil spills in the Arctic. Studies of the environmental impacts on the littoral zone community. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 173:113128. [PMID: 34826660 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In-situ burning (ISB) has been an oil combat technique studied since the 1950s. However, burning of the oil on the sea surface along the coastline, coastline ISB (cISB), is novel and was tested for the first time in the Arctic along a rocky coast in the summer 2017. A light crude oil was burned and effects of the cISB operation on the littoral zone communities investigated. The impact on macroalgal vegetation and associated fauna was analysed in three littoral zone levels. The analyses revealed limited effects on the littoral community, and that variation between sample plots and years in macroalgal biomass and coverage, as well as fauna biomass and abundance was higher than the impact from cISB. Therefore, it is concluded that cISB in the Arctic along a rocky shore may be an oil spill response option with relatively low environmental side effects for the specific oil type used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Geertz-Hansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Jozef Wiktor
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstanco'w Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Lonnie Bogø-Wilms
- Greenland Oil Spill Response, Aqqusinersuaq 48A, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | | | - Lars Renvald
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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5
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Johann S, Goßen M, Mueller L, Selja V, Gustavson K, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Wegeberg S, Ciesielski TM, Jenssen BM, Hollert H, Seiler TB. Comparative toxicity assessment of in situ burn residues to initial and dispersed heavy fuel oil using zebrafish embryos as test organisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:16198-16213. [PMID: 33269444 PMCID: PMC7969557 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In situ burning (ISB) is discussed to be one of the most suitable response strategies to combat oil spills in extreme conditions. After burning, a highly viscous and sticky residue is left and may over time pose a risk of exposing aquatic biota to toxic oil compounds. Scientific information about the impact of burn residues on the environment is scarce. In this context, a comprehensive ISB field experiment with approx. 1000L IFO 180 was conducted in a fjord in Greenland. The present study investigated the toxicity of collected ISB residues to early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for potentially exposed pelagic organisms. The toxicity of ISB residues on zebrafish embryos was compared with the toxicity of the initial (unweathered) IFO 180 and chemically dispersed IFO 180. Morphological malformations, hatching success, swimming behavior, and biomarkers for exposure (CYP1A activity, AChE inhibition) were evaluated in order to cover the toxic response on different biological organization levels. Across all endpoints, ISB residues did not induce greater toxicity in zebrafish embryos compared with the initial oil. The application of a chemical dispersant increased the acute toxicity most likely due to a higher bioavailability of dissolved and particulate oil components. The results provide insight into the adverse effects of ISB residues on sensitive life stages of fish in comparison with chemical dispersant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johann
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Mira Goßen
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonie Mueller
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Valentina Selja
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Ruhr District Institute of Hygiene, Rotthauser Straße 21, 45879, Gelsenkirchen, Germany.
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6
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Wegeberg S, Hansson SV, van Beest FM, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Gustavson K. Smooth or smothering? The self-cleaning potential and photosynthetic effects of oil spill on arctic macro-algae Fucus distichus. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 150:110604. [PMID: 31671350 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to increased sea transport and offshore gas and oil exploration, the Arctic is facing an unprecedented risk of marine oil spills. Although beached oil spills can lead to acute and chronic impacts on intertidal ecosystems, the effects of oil spills on macro-algae in Arctic ecosystems is lacking. Here, we assessed the effect and response of the tidal macro-algae Fucus distichus to oiling, i.e. self-cleaning potential by seawater wash and photosynthetic activity. Oiling with four oil types (ANS, Grane, IFO30 and MGO) was simulated by exposing F. distichus tips to oil. Oil removal half-times ranged between 0.8 - 4.5 days, indicating that oiling of macro-algae with the tested oils was short-term. Further, Grane oil mostly inhibited photosynthetic activity whereas oil from ANS, IFO30 and MGO stimulated it. The photosynthetic activity of F. distichus continued to be affected (inhibited or stimulated), even after oil on the tip surface was washed off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susse Wegeberg
- (a)Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Sophia V Hansson
- (a)Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark; EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), Université de Toulouse, UMR-CNRS 5245, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Floris M van Beest
- (a)Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- (a)Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- (a)Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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7
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Vergeynst L, Wegeberg S, Aamand J, Lassen P, Gosewinkel U, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Gustavson K, Mosbech A. Biodegradation of marine oil spills in the Arctic with a Greenland perspective. Sci Total Environ 2018; 626:1243-1258. [PMID: 29898532 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
New economic developments in the Arctic, such as shipping and oil exploitation, bring along unprecedented risks of marine oil spills. Microorganisms have played a central role in degrading and reducing the impact of the spilled oil during past oil disasters. However, in the Arctic, and in particular in its pristine areas, the self-cleaning capacity and biodegradation potential of the natural microbial communities have yet to be uncovered. This review compiles and investigates the current knowledge with respect to environmental parameters and biochemical constraints that control oil biodegradation in the Arctic. Hereby, seawaters off Greenland are considered as a case study. Key factors for biodegradation include the bioavailability of hydrocarbons, the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and the availability of nutrients. We show how these key factors may be influenced by the physical oceanographic conditions in seawaters off Greenland and other environmental parameters including low temperature, sea ice, sunlight regime, suspended sediment plumes and phytoplankton blooms that characterize the Arctic. Based on the acquired insights, a first qualitative assessment of the biodegradation potential in seawaters off Greenland is presented. In addition to the most apparent Arctic characteristics, such as low temperature and sea ice, the impact of typical Arctic features such as the oligotrophic environment, poor microbial adaptation to hydrocarbon degradation, mixing of stratified water masses, and massive phytoplankton blooms and suspended sediment plumes merit to be topics of future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leendert Vergeynst
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Susse Wegeberg
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jens Aamand
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Denmark
| | - Pia Lassen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kim Gustavson
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Anders Mosbech
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
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8
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van Gelderen L, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Jomaas G. Effectiveness of a chemical herder in association with in-situ burning of oil spills in ice-infested water. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 115:345-351. [PMID: 28003056 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The average herded slick thickness, surface distribution and burning efficiency of a light crude oil were studied in ice-infested water to determine the effectiveness of a chemical herder in facilitating the in-situ burning of oil. Experiments were performed in a small scale (1.0m2) and an intermediate scale (19m2) setup with open water and 3/10, 5/10 and 7/10 brash ice coverages. The herded slick thicknesses (3-8mm) were ignitable in each experiment. The presence of ice caused fracturing of the oil during the herding process, which reduced the size of the herded slicks and, as a consequence, their ignitability, which in turn decreased the burning efficiency. Burning efficiencies relative to the ignited fraction of the oil were in the expected range (42-86%). This shows that the herder will be an effective tool for in-situ burning of oil when the ignitability issues due to fracturing of the oil are resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens van Gelderen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | | | - Grunde Jomaas
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Linnebjerg JF, Sørensen MX, Brogaard NL, Rigét FF, Kristensen P, Jomaas G, Boertmann DM, Wegeberg S, Gustavson K. Effects of oil and oil burn residues on seabird feathers. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 109:446-452. [PMID: 27234369 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is well known, that in case of oil spill, seabirds are among the groups of animals most vulnerable. Even small amounts of oil can have lethal effects by destroying the waterproofing of their plumage, leading to loss of insulation and buoyancy. In the Arctic these impacts are intensified. To protect seabirds, a rapid removal of oil is crucial and in situ burning could be an efficient method. In the present work exposure effects of oil and burn residue in different doses was studied on seabird feathers from legally hunted Common eider (Somateria mollissima) by examining changes in total weight of the feather and damages on the microstructure (Amalgamation Index) of the feathers before and after exposure. The results of the experiments indicate that burn residues from in situ burning of an oil spill have similar or larger fouling and damaging effects on seabird feathers, as compared to fresh oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jannie Fries Linnebjerg
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Martin X Sørensen
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Civil Engineering, Brovej, Building 118, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicholas L Brogaard
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Civil Engineering, Brovej, Building 118, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Frank F Rigét
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paneeraq Kristensen
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Grunde Jomaas
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Civil Engineering, Brovej, Building 118, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David M Boertmann
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Susse Wegeberg
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Gustavson
- Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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10
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Couto N, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Jensen PE, Højrup M, Rodrigo AP, Ribeiro AB. Suitability of oil bioremediation in an Artic soil using surplus heating from an incineration facility. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:6221-6227. [PMID: 24488519 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A 168-day period field study, carried out in Sisimiut, Greenland, assessed the potential to enhance soil remediation with the surplus heating from an incineration facility. This approach searches a feasible ex situ remediation process that could be extended throughout the year with low costs. Individual and synergistic effects of biostimulation were also tested, in parallel. An interim evaluation at the end of the first 42 days showed that biostimulation and active heating, as separate treatments, enhanced petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) removal compared to natural attenuation. The coupling of both technologies was even more effective, corroborating the benefits of both techniques in a remediation strategy. However, between day 42 and day 168, there was an opposite remediation trend with all treatments suggesting a stabilization except for natural attenuation, where PHC values continued to decrease. This enforces the "self-purification" capacity of the system, even at low temperatures. Coupling biostimulation with active heating was the best approach for PHC removal, namely for a short period of time (42 days). The proposed remediation scheme can be considered a reliable option for faster PHC removal with low maintenance and using "waste heating" from an incineration facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazaré Couto
- CENSE, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal,
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11
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Ascanius BE, Brandvik PJ, Villumsen A, Stenby EH. Composition of in situ burn residue as a function of weathering conditions. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 67:75-81. [PMID: 23245458 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Troll B crude oil was weathered under Arctic conditions with different ice coverage: open water, 50% ice and 90% ice. Samples (100 mL) were taken during the experiment and tested for ignitability in a burning cell. From each burning a residue sample was taken for analysis. The burning process removed the light compounds eluting before C13. No effect from the prior weathering time or the different ice coverage was seen in the burn residue composition. The content of selected Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined and it was noted that the concentration of PAHs with more than 4 rings were increased. The source origin of the PAHs was investigated by use of relative ratios of PAH isomers and indicated that some formation of PAHs was additionally taking place during burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Fritt-Rasmussen J, Brandvik PJ. Measuring ignitability for in situ burning of oil spills weathered under Arctic conditions: from laboratory studies to large-scale field experiments. Mar Pollut Bull 2011; 62:1780-1785. [PMID: 21714974 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper compares the ignitability of Troll B crude oil weathered under simulated Arctic conditions (0%, 50% and 90% ice cover). The experiments were performed in different scales at SINTEF's laboratories in Trondheim, field research station on Svalbard and in broken ice (70-90% ice cover) in the Barents Sea. Samples from the weathering experiments were tested for ignitability using the same laboratory burning cell. The measured ignitability from the experiments in these different scales showed a good agreement for samples with similar weathering. The ice conditions clearly affected the weathering process, and 70% ice or more reduces the weathering and allows a longer time window for in situ burning. The results from the Barents Sea revealed that weathering and ignitability can vary within an oil slick. This field use of the burning cell demonstrated that it can be used as an operational tool to monitor the ignitability of oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Fritt-Rasmussen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Technical University of Denmark, Building 204, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Jakobsen MR, Fritt-Rasmussen J, Nielsen S, Ottosen LM. Electrodialytic removal of cadmium from wastewater sludge. J Hazard Mater 2004; 106:127-132. [PMID: 15177101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2003.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Revised: 10/27/2003] [Accepted: 10/27/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents for the first time laboratory results demonstrating electrodialytic removal of Cd from wastewater sludge, which is a method originally developed for soil remediation. During the remediation a stirred suspension of wastewater sludge was exposed to an electric dc field. The liquid/solid (ml/g fresh sludge) ratio was between 1.4 and 2. Three experiments were performed where the sludge was suspended in distilled water, citric acid or HNO3. The experimental conditions were otherwise identical. The Cd removal in the three experiments was 69, 70 and 67%, respectively, thus the removal was approximately the same. Chemical extraction experiments with acidic solutions showed that 5-10 times more Cd could be extracted from decomposed sludge than from fresh sludge. It is likely that the mobilization of Cd during decomposition of the sludge contributes to the efficient removal of Cd by the electrodialytic method. Extraction experiments and electrodialytic remediation using distilled water as enhancement agent showed that 0.3% Cd could be extracted from decomposed sludge during 1 week in closed flasks, whereas 69% was removed during 2 weeks of electrodialytic remediation in a stirred solution in contact with atmospheric air. A combination of aerobic decomposition and electrodialytic treatment could be a promising method for Cd removal from wastewater sludge, and thus Cd could be removed without the addition of chemicals to the sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde R Jakobsen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Building 204, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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