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Yamashita T, Sasaki M, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Oka S, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Kobayashi M, Kakizawa M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Rehabilitation facilitates functional improvement following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in the chronic phase of cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148709. [PMID: 38072373 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the potential facilitating effects of daily rehabilitation for chronic cerebral ischemia following the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in rats. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded by intraluminal occlusion using a microfilament (MCAO). Eight weeks after MCAO induction, the rats were used as a chronic cerebral ischemia model. Four experimental groups were studied: Vehicle group (medium only, no cells); Rehab group (vehicle + rehabilitation), MSC group (MSC only); and Combined group (MSC + rehabilitation). Rat MSCs were intravenously infused eight weeks after MCAO induction, and the rats received daily rehabilitation through treadmill exercise for 20 min. Behavioral testing, lesion volume assessment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histological analysis were performed during the observation period until 16 weeks after MCAO induction. All treated animals showed functional improvement compared with the Vehicle group; however, the therapeutic efficacy was greatest in the Combined group. The combination therapy is associated with enhanced neural plasticity shown with histological analysis and MRI diffusion tensor imaging. These findings provide behavioral evidence for enhanced recovery by combined therapy with rehabilitation and intravenous infusion of MSCs, and may form the basis for the development of clinical protocols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Yamashita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masato Kobayashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kakizawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Terada K, Sasaki M, Nagahama H, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Iizuka Y, Sakai T, Fukumura S, Tsugawa T, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Therapeutic efficacy of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in rat perinatal brain injury. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1921-1928. [PMID: 37422495 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal brain injury is multifactorial and primarily associated with brain prematurity, inflammation, and hypoxia-ischemia. Although recent advances in perinatal medicine have improved the survival rates of preterm infants, neurodevelopmental disorders remain a significant complication. We tested whether the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had therapeutic efficacy against perinatal brain injury in rats. METHODS Pregnant rats at embryonic day (E) 18 received lipopolysaccharide and the pups were born at E21. On postnatal day (PND) 7, the left common carotid artery of each pup was ligated, and they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h. They were randomized on PND10, and MSCs or vehicle were intravenously infused. We performed behavioral assessments, measured brain volume using MRI, and performed histological analyses on PND49. RESULTS Infused MSCs showed functional improvements in our model. In vivo MRI revealed that MSC infusion increased non-ischemic brain volume compared to the vehicle group. Histological analyses showed that cortical thickness, the number of NeuN+ and GAD67+ cells, and synaptophysin density in the non-ischemic hemisphere in the MSC group were greater than the vehicle group, but less than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs improve sensorimotor and cognitive functions in perinatal brain injury and enhance neuronal growth. IMPACT Intravenous infusion of MSCs improved neurological function in rats with perinatal brain injury, including motor, sensorimotor, cognitive, spatial, and learning memory. Infused MSCs increased residual (non-ischemic) tissue volume, number of neuronal cells, GABAergic cells, and cortical synapses in the contralesional (right) hemisphere. Intravenous administration of MSC might be suitable for the treatment of perinatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Terada
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iizuka
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsugawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Kurihara K, Sasaki M, Nagahama H, Obara H, Fukushi R, Hirota R, Yoshimoto M, Teramoto A, Kocsis JD, Yamashita T, Honmou O. Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells enhances recovery of motor function in a rat model with chronic spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148484. [PMID: 37442249 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause paralysis with a high disease burden with limited treatment options. A single intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in rat SCI models, possibly through the induction of axonal sprouting and remyelination. Repeated infusions (thrice at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered to rats with chronic SCI to determine if multiple-dosing regimens enhance motor improvement. Chronic SCI rats were randomized and infused with vehicle (vehicle), single MSC injection at week 6 (MSC-1) or repeatedly injections of MSCs at 6, 7, and 8 weeks (MSC-3) after SCI induction. In addition, a single high dose of MSCs (HD-MSC) equivalent to thrice the single dose was infused at week 6. Locomotor function, light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging were performed. Repeated infusion of MSCs (MSC-3) provided the greatest functional recovery compared to single and single high-dose infusions. The density of remyelinated axons in the injured spinal cord was the greatest in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1, HD-MSC and vehicle groups. Increased sprouting of the corticospinal tract and serotonergic axon density was the greatest in the MSC-3 group, followed by MSC-1, HD-MSC, and vehicle groups. Repeated infusion of MSCs over three weeks resulted in greater functional improvement than single administration of MSCs, even when the number of infused cells was tripled. MSC-treated rats showed axonal sprouting and remyelination in the chronic phase of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kurihara
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hisashi Obara
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Fukushi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hirota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yoshimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teramoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Nakazaki M, Lankford KL, Yamamoto H, Mae Y, Kocsis JD. Human mesenchymal stem-derived extracellular vesicles improve body growth and motor function following severe spinal cord injury in rat. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1284. [PMID: 37323108 PMCID: PMC10272923 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) in young adults leads to severe sensorimotor disabilities as well as slowing of growth. Systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with growth failure and muscle wasting. Here we investigated whether intravenous (IV) delivery of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) has therapeutic effects on body growth and motor recovery and can modulate inflammatory cytokines following severe SCI in young adult rats. METHODS Contusional SCI rats were randomized into three different treatment groups (human and rat MSC-sEVs and a PBS group) on day 7 post-SCI. Functional motor recovery and body growth were assessed weekly until day 70 post-SCI. Trafficking of sEVs after IV infusions in vivo, the uptake of sEVs in vitro, macrophage phenotype at the lesion and cytokine levels at the lesion, liver and systemic circulation were also evaluated. RESULTS An IV delivery of both human and rat MSC-sEVs improved functional motor recovery after SCI and restored normal body growth in young adult SCI rats, indicating a broad therapeutic benefit of MSC-sEVs and a lack of species specificity for these effects. Human MSC-sEVs were selectively taken up by M2 macrophages in vivo and in vitro, consistent with our previous observations of rat MSC-sEV uptake. Furthermore, the infusion of human or rat MSC-sEVs resulted in an increase in the proportion of M2 macrophages and a decrease in the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 at the injury site, as well as a reduction in systemic serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and an increase in growth hormone receptors and IGF-1 levels in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Both human and rat MSC-sEVs promote the recovery of body growth and motor function after SCI in young adult rats possibly via the cytokine modulation of growth-related hormonal pathways. Thus, MSC-sEVs affect both metabolic and neurological deficits in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemCenter for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Neural Regenerative MedicineResearch Institute for Frontier MedicineSapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Karen L. Lankford
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemCenter for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchWest HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Hideaki Yamamoto
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemCenter for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Division of Regenerative and Advanced TherapyNipro CorporationOsakaOsakaJapan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mae
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemCenter for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Division of Regenerative and Advanced TherapyNipro CorporationOsakaOsakaJapan
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemCenter for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchWest HavenConnecticutUSA
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Majd H, Amin S, Ghazizadeh Z, Cesiulis A, Arroyo E, Lankford K, Majd A, Farahvashi S, Chemel AK, Okoye M, Scantlen MD, Tchieu J, Calder EL, Le Rouzic V, Shibata B, Arab A, Goodarzi H, Pasternak G, Kocsis JD, Chen S, Studer L, Fattahi F. Deriving Schwann cells from hPSCs enables disease modeling and drug discovery for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:632-647.e10. [PMID: 37146583 PMCID: PMC10249419 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are the primary glia of the peripheral nervous system. SCs are involved in many debilitating disorders, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Here, we present a strategy for deriving SCs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that enables comprehensive studies of SC development, physiology, and disease. hPSC-derived SCs recapitulate the molecular features of primary SCs and are capable of in vitro and in vivo myelination. We established a model of DPN that revealed the selective vulnerability of SCs to high glucose. We performed a high-throughput screen and found that an antidepressant drug, bupropion, counteracts glucotoxicity in SCs. Treatment of hyperglycemic mice with bupropion prevents their sensory dysfunction, SC death, and myelin damage. Further, our retrospective analysis of health records revealed that bupropion treatment is associated with a lower incidence of neuropathy among diabetic patients. These results highlight the power of this approach for identifying therapeutic candidates for DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Majd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zaniar Ghazizadeh
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrius Cesiulis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Edgardo Arroyo
- Neuroscience Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Karen Lankford
- Neuroscience Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Alireza Majd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sina Farahvashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Angeline K Chemel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mesomachukwu Okoye
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Megan D Scantlen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jason Tchieu
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Calder
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Neurology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bradley Shibata
- Biological Electron Microscopy Facility, UCD, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Abolfazl Arab
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Urology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gavril Pasternak
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Neurology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Neuroscience Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center of Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Faranak Fattahi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Program in Craniofacial Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
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Nagahama H, Sasaki M, Komatsu K, Sato K, Katagiri Y, Kamagata M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Terada K, Kobayashi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. A practical protocol for high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance angiography for cerebral arteries in rats. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 386:109784. [PMID: 36608904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is an important tool in rat models of cerebrovascular disease. Although MRA has long been used in rodents, the image quality is typically not as high as that observed in clinical practice. Moreover, studies on MRA image quality in rats are limited. This study aimed to develop a practical high-spatial-resolution MRA protocol for imaging cerebral arteries in rats. NEW METHOD We used the "half position method" regarding coil placement and modified the imaging parameters and image reconstruction method. We applied this new imaging method to measure maturation-related signal changes on rat MRAs. RESULTS The new practical high-spatial-resolution MRA imaging protocol obtained a signal intensity up to 3.5 times that obtained using a basic coil system, simply by modifying the coil placement method. This method allowed the detection of a gradual decrease in the signal in cerebral vessels with maturation. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS A high-spatial-resolution MRA for rats was obtained with an imaging time of approximately 100 min. Comparable resolution and image quality were obtained using the new protocol with an imaging time of 30 min CONCLUSIONS: The new practical high-spatial-resolution MRA protocol can be implemented simply and successfully to achieve high image quality with an imaging time of approximately 30 min. This protocol will benefit researchers performing MRA imaging in cerebral artery studies in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Katsuya Komatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Katagiri
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Kamagata
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kojiro Terada
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masato Kobayashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Hirota R, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oshigiri T, Kurihara K, Fukushi R, Oka S, Ukai R, Yoshimoto M, Kocsis JD, Yamashita T, Honmou O. Enhanced Network in Corticospinal Tracts after Infused Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:1665-1677. [PMID: 35611987 PMCID: PMC9734021 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although limited spontaneous recovery occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI), current knowledge reveals that multiple forms of axon growth in spared axons can lead to circuit reorganization and a detour or relay pathways. This hypothesis has been derived mainly from studies of the corticospinal tract (CST), which is the primary descending motor pathway in mammals. The major CST is the dorsal CST (dCST), being the major projection from cortex to spinal cord. Two other components often called "minor" pathways are the ventral and the dorsal lateral CSTs, which may play an important role in spontaneous recovery. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provides functional improvement after SCI with an enhancement of axonal sprouting of CSTs. Detailed morphological changes of CST pathways, however, have not been fully elucidated. The primary objective was to evaluate detailed changes in descending CST projections in SCI after MSC infusion. The MSCs were infused intravenously one day after SCI. A combination of adeno-associated viral vector (AAV), which is an anterograde and non-transsynaptic axonal tracer, was injected 14 days after SCI induction. The AAV with advanced tissue clearing techniques were used to visualize the distribution pattern and high-resolution features of the individual axons coursing from above to below the lesion. The results demonstrated increased observable axonal connections between the dCST and axons in the lateral funiculus, both rostral and caudal to the lesion core, and an increase in observable axons in the dCST below the lesion. This increased axonal network could contribute to functional recovery by providing greater input to the spinal cord below the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Hirota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Address correspondence to: Masanori Sasaki, MD, PhD, Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Oshigiri
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kota Kurihara
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Fukushi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yoshimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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8
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Takemura M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Kiyose R, Nagahama H, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Kocsis JD, Ueba T, Honmou O. Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:402-411. [PMID: 34861644 DOI: 10.3171/2021.8.jns21687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability, and there are few effective treatments that improve function in patients during the chronic phase of stroke. Previous research has shown that single systemic infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia models in rats. A possible mechanism that could explain such an event includes the enhanced neural connections between cerebral hemispheres that contribute to therapeutic effects. In the present study, repeated infusions (3 times at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered in a rat model of chronic stroke to determine if multiple dosing facilitated plasticity in neural connections. METHODS The authors induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and, 8 weeks thereafter, used them as a chronic stroke model. The rats with MCAO were randomized and intravenously infused with vehicle only (vehicle group); with MSCs at week 8 (single administration: MSC-1 group); or with MSCs at weeks 8, 9, and 10 (3 times, repeated administration: MSC-3 group) via femoral veins. Ischemic lesion volume and behavioral performance were examined. Fifteen weeks after induction of MCAO, the thickness of the corpus callosum (CC) was determined using Nissl staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of the CC was performed using anti-neurofilament antibody. Interhemispheric connections through the CC were assessed ex vivo by diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-3 group than in the MSC-1 group. In each group, there was no change in the ischemic volume before and after infusion. However, both thickness and optical density of neurofilament staining in the CC were greater in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group, and then the vehicle group. The increased thickness and optical density of neurofilament in the CC correlated with motor function at 15 weeks following induction of MCAO. Preserved neural tracts that ran through interhemispheric connections via the CC were also more extensive in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group and then the vehicle group, as observed ex vivo using diffusion tensor imaging. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that repeated systemic administration of MSCs over 3 weeks resulted in greater functional improvement as compared to single administration and/or vehicle infusion. In addition, administration of MSCs is associated with promotion of interhemispheric connectivity through the CC in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Takemura
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 2Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Ukai
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Departments of4Neurology and
- 5Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 6Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tetsuya Ueba
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
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Oka S, Yamaki T, Sasaki M, Ukai R, Takemura M, Yokoyama T, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Onodera R, Ito YM, Kobayashi S, Kocsis JD, Iwadate Y, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of auto serum-expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells in chronic brain injury patients: a study protocol for a Phase II trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37898. [PMID: 35793128 PMCID: PMC9301565 DOI: 10.2196/37898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions Trial Registration International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamaki
- Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takemura
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Data Science Center, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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10
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Tabata H, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Shinkai N, Ichihara K, Masumori N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Possible role of intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome in a Toll-like receptor-7 agonist-induced experimental animal model in rat. BMC Urol 2021; 21:156. [PMID: 34774029 PMCID: PMC8590770 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) categorized with and without Hunner lesions is a condition that displays chronic pelvic pain related to the bladder with no efficacious treatment options. There are strong associations suggested between Hunner-type IC and autoimmune diseases. Recently, we established an animal model of Hunner-type IC using a Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) agonist. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to treat injury via multimodal and orchestrated therapeutic mechanisms including anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated whether infused MSCs elicit therapeutic efficacy associated with the TLR7-related anti-inflammatory pathway in our Hunner-type IC model. METHODS Voiding behaviors were monitored 24 h prior to the Loxoribine (LX), which is a TLR7 agonist instillation in order to establish a Hunner-type IC model (from - 24 to 0 h) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. LX was instilled transurethrally into the bladder. At 0 h, the initial freezing behavior test confirmed that no freezing behavior was observed in any of the animals. The LX-instilled animals were randomized. Randomized LX-instilled rats were intravenously infused with MSCs or with vehicle through the right external jugular vein. Sampling tissue for green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive MSCs were carried out at 48 h. Second voiding behavior tests were monitored from 72 to 96 h. After the final evaluation of the freezing behavior test at 96 h after LX instillation (72 h after MSC or vehicle infusion), histological evaluation with H&E staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to analyze the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were performed. RESULTS Freezing behavior was reduced in the MSC group, and voiding behavior in the MSC group did not deteriorate. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that mucosal edema, leukocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage were suppressed in the MSC group. The relative expression of interferon-β mRNA in the bladder of the MSC group was inhibited. Numerous GFP-positive MSCs were distributed mainly in the submucosal and mucosal layers of the inflammatory bladder wall. CONCLUSION Intravenous infusion of MSCs may have therapeutic efficacy in a LX-instilled Hunner-type IC rat model via a TLR7-related anti-inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Tabata
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Nobuo Shinkai
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Koji Ichihara
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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11
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Nakazaki M, Morita T, Lankford KL, Askenase PW, Kocsis JD. Small extracellular vesicles released by infused mesenchymal stromal cells target M2 macrophages and promote TGF-β upregulation, microvascular stabilization and functional recovery in a rodent model of severe spinal cord injury. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12137. [PMID: 34478241 PMCID: PMC8408371 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous (IV) infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) stabilizes the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and improves functional recovery in experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although IV delivered MSCs do not traffic to the injury site, IV delivered small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from MSCs (MSC-sEVs) do and are taken up by a subset of M2 macrophages. To test whether sEVs released by MSCs are responsible for the therapeutic effects of MSCs, we tracked sEVs produced by IV delivered DiR-labelled MSCs (DiR-MSCs) after transplantation into SCI rats. We found that sEVs were released by MSCs in vivo, trafficked to the injury site, associated specifically with M2 macrophages and co-localized with exosome markers. Furthermore, while a single MSC injection was sufficient to improve locomotor recovery, fractionated dosing of MSC-sEVs over 3 days (F-sEVs) was required to achieve similar therapeutic effects. Infusion of F-sEVs mimicked the effects of single dose MSC infusion on multiple parameters including: increased expression of M2 macrophage markers, upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), TGF-β receptors and tight junction proteins, and reduction in BSCB permeability. These data suggest that release of sEVs by MSCs over time induces a cascade of cellular responses leading to improved functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Neural Regenerative MedicineResearch Institute for Frontier MedicineSapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Neural Regenerative MedicineResearch Institute for Frontier MedicineSapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoHokkaidoJapan
| | - Karen L. Lankford
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Philip W Askenase
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineConnecticutUSA
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of NeurologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration ResearchVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
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12
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Magota H, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Kiyose R, Onodera R, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Repeated infusion of mesenchymal stem cells maintain the condition to inhibit deteriorated motor function, leading to an extended lifespan in the SOD1G93A rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mol Brain 2021; 14:76. [PMID: 33962678 PMCID: PMC8103621 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative fatal disorder in which motor neurons within the brain and spinal cord degenerate. A single infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) delays disease progression by protecting motor neurons and restoring the blood-spinal cord barrier in the SOD1G93A transgenic ALS rat model. However, the therapeutic effect of a single infusion of MSCs is transient and does not block disease progression. In this study, we demonstrated that repeated administration of MSCs (weekly, four times) increased the survival period, protected motor functions, and reduced deterioration of locomotor activity compared to a single infusion and vehicle infusion, after which rats displayed progressive deterioration of hind limb function. We also compared the days until gait ability was lost in rats and found that the repeated-infused group maintained gait ability compared to the single-infusion and vehicle-infusion groups. These results suggest that repeated administration of MSCs may prevent the deterioration of motor function and extend the lifespan in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Magota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Tominaga Hospital, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka, 556-0017, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Tominaga Hospital, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka, 556-0017, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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Magota H, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Kiyose R, Onodera R, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells delays disease progression in the SOD1G93A transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rat model. Brain Res 2021; 1757:147296. [PMID: 33516815 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ALS is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with few curative strategies. Both sporadic and familial ALS display common clinical features that show progressive paralysis. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) may contribute to the degeneration of motor neurons. Thus, restoration of the disrupted BSCB and neuroprotection for degenerating motor neurons could be therapeutic targets. We tested the hypothesis that an intravenous infusion of MSCs would delay disease progression through the preservation of BSCB function and increased expression of a neurotrophic factor, neurturin, in SOD1G93A ALS rats. When the open-field locomotor function was under 16 on the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring scale, the rats were randomized into two groups; one received an intravenous infusion of MSCs, while the other received vehicle alone. Locomotor function was recorded using BBB scoring and rotarod testing. Histological analyses, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), were performed. The MSC group exhibited reduced deterioration of locomotor activity compared to the vehicle group, which displayed progressive deterioration of hind limb function. We observed the protection of motor neuron loss and preservation of microvasculature using Evans blue leakage and immunohistochemical analyses in the MSC group. Confocal microscopy revealed infused green fluorescent protein+ (GFP+) MSCs in the spinal cord, and the GFP gene was detected by nested PCR. Neurturin expression levels were significantly higher in the MSC group. Thus, restoration of the BSCB and the protection of motor neurons might be contributing mechanisms to delay disease progression in SOD1G93A ALS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Magota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan; Tominaga Hospital, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 556-0017, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, United States.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan; Tominaga Hospital, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 556-0017, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, United States
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, United States
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14
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Honmou O, Yamashita T, Morita T, Oshigiri T, Hirota R, Iyama S, Kato J, Sasaki Y, Ishiai S, Ito YM, Namioka A, Namioka T, Nakazaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Onodera R, Oka S, Sasaki M, Waxman SG, Kocsis JD. Intravenous infusion of auto serum-expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury patients: 13 case series. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 203:106565. [PMID: 33667953 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of disability, current therapeutic options remain limited. Recent progress in cellular therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has provided improved function in animal models of SCI. We investigated the safety and feasibility of intravenous infusion of MSCs for SCI patients and assessed functional status after MSC infusion. METHODS In this phase 2 study of intravenous infusion of autologous MSCs cultured in auto-serum, a single infusion of MSCs under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) production was delivered in 13 SCI patients. In addition to assessing feasibility and safety, neurological function was assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (ASIA), International Standards for Neurological and Functional Classification of Spinal Cord (ISCSCI-92). Ability of daily living was assessed using Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM-III). The study protocol was based on advice provided by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency in Japan. The trial was registered with the Japan Medical Association (JMA-IIA00154). RESULTS No serious adverse events were associated with MSC injection. There was neurologic improvement based on ASIA grade in 12 of the 13 patients at six months post-MSC infusion. Five of six patients classified as ASIA A prior to MSC infusion improved to ASIA B (3/6) or ASIA C (2/6), two ASIA B patients improved to ASIA C (1/2) or ASIA D (1/2), five ASIA C patients improved and reached a functional status of ASIA D (5/5). Notably, improvement from ASIA C to ASIA D was observed one day following MSC infusion for all five patients. Assessment of both ISCSCI-92, SCIM-III also demonstrated functional improvements at six months after MSC infusion, compared to the scores prior to MSC infusion in all patients. CONCLUSION While we emphasize that this study was unblinded, and does not exclude placebo effects or a contribution of endogenous recovery or observer bias, our observations provide evidence supporting the feasibility, safety and functional improvements of infused MSCs into patients with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Oshigiri
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hirota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iyama
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Junji Kato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Sumio Ishiai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Biostatistics Division, Hokkaido University Hospital Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
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15
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Wang X, Zhou T, Maynard GD, Terse PS, Cafferty WB, Kocsis JD, Strittmatter SM. Nogo receptor decoy promotes recovery and corticospinal growth in non-human primate spinal cord injury. Brain 2021; 143:1697-1713. [PMID: 32375169 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
After CNS trauma such as spinal cord injury, the ability of surviving neural elements to sprout axons, reorganize neural networks and support recovery of function is severely restricted, contributing to chronic neurological deficits. Among limitations on neural recovery are myelin-associated inhibitors functioning as ligands for neuronal Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1). A soluble decoy (NgR1-Fc, AXER-204) blocks these ligands and provides a means to promote recovery of function in multiple preclinical rodent models of spinal cord injury. However, the safety and efficacy of this reagent in non-human primate spinal cord injury and its toxicological profile have not been described. Here, we provide evidence that chronic intrathecal and intravenous administration of NgR1-Fc to cynomolgus monkey and to rat are without evident toxicity at doses of 20 mg and greater every other day (≥2.0 mg/kg/day), and far greater than the projected human dose. Adult female African green monkeys underwent right C5/6 lateral hemisection with evidence of persistent disuse of the right forelimb during feeding and right hindlimb during locomotion. At 1 month post-injury, the animals were randomized to treatment with vehicle (n = 6) or 0.10-0.17 mg/kg/day of NgR1-Fc (n = 8) delivered via intrathecal lumbar catheter and osmotic minipump for 4 months. One animal was removed from the study because of surgical complications of the catheter, but no treatment-related adverse events were noted in either group. Animal behaviour was evaluated at 6-7 months post-injury, i.e. 1-2 months after treatment cessation. The use of the impaired forelimb during spontaneous feeding and the impaired hindlimb during locomotion were both significantly greater in the treatment group. Tissue collected at 7-12 months post-injury showed no significant differences in lesion size, fibrotic scar, gliosis or neuroinflammation between groups. Serotoninergic raphespinal fibres below the lesion showed no deficit, with equal density on the lesioned and intact side below the level of the injury in both groups. Corticospinal axons traced from biotin-dextran-amine injections in the left motor cortex were equally labelled across groups and reduced caudal to the injury. The NgR1-Fc group tissue exhibited a significant 2-3-fold increased corticospinal axon density in the cervical cord below the level of the injury relative to the vehicle group. The data show that NgR1-Fc does not have preclinical toxicological issues in healthy animals or safety concerns in spinal cord injury animals. Thus, it presents as a potential therapeutic for spinal cord injury with evidence for behavioural improvement and growth of injured pathways in non-human primate spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tianna Zhou
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Pramod S Terse
- National Center for Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - William B Cafferty
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen M Strittmatter
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Nakazaki M, Oka S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Hashi K, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Prolonged lifespan in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (stroke prone) model following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells. Heliyon 2021; 6:e05833. [PMID: 33392407 PMCID: PMC7773587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been reported to provide therapeutic efficacy via microvascular remodeling in a spontaneously hypertensive rat. In this study, we demonstrate that intravenous infusion of MSCs increased the survival rate in a spontaneously hypertensive (stroke prone) rat model in which organs including kidney, brain, heart and liver are damaged during aging due to spontaneous hypertension. Gene expression analysis indicated that infused MSCs activates transforming growth factor-β1-smad3/forkhead box O1 signaling pathway. Renal dysfunction was recovered after MSC infusion. Collectively, intravenous infusion of MSC may extend lifespan in this model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
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17
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Chen L, Huang J, Benson C, Lankford KL, Zhao P, Carrara J, Tan AM, Kocsis JD, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. Sodium channel Nav1.6 in sensory neurons contributes to vincristine-induced allodynia. Brain 2020; 143:2421-2436. [PMID: 32830219 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vincristine, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, produces painful peripheral neuropathy. The underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we investigated whether voltage-gated sodium channels are involved in the development of vincristine-induced neuropathy. We established a mouse model in which repeated systemic vincristine treatment results in the development of significant mechanical allodynia. Histological examinations did not reveal major structural changes at proximal sciatic nerve branches or distal toe nerve fascicles at the vincristine dose used in this study. Immunohistochemical studies and in vivo two-photon imaging confirmed that there is no significant change in density or morphology of intra-epidermal nerve terminals throughout the course of vincristine treatment. These observations suggest that nerve degeneration is not a prerequisite of vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia in this model. We also provided the first detailed characterization of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents in dorsal root ganglion neurons following vincristine treatment. Accompanying the behavioural hyperalgesia phenotype, voltage-clamp recordings of small and medium dorsal root ganglion neurons from vincristine-treated animals revealed a significant upregulation of TTX-S Na+ current in medium but not small neurons. The increase in TTX-S Na+ current density is likely mediated by Nav1.6, because in the absence of Nav1.6 channels, vincristine failed to alter TTX-S Na+ current density in medium dorsal root ganglion neurons and, importantly, mechanical allodynia was significantly attenuated in conditional Nav1.6 knockout mice. Our data show that TTX-S sodium channel Nav1.6 is involved in the functional changes of dorsal root ganglion neurons following vincristine treatment and it contributes to the maintenance of vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Curtis Benson
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Karen L Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Jennifer Carrara
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Andrew M Tan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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18
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Chan JP, Clune J, Shah SB, Ward SR, Kocsis JD, Mozaffar T, Steward O, Gupta R. Examination of the human motor endplate after brachial plexus injury with two-photon microscopy. Muscle Nerve 2019; 61:390-395. [PMID: 31820462 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After traumatic nerve injury, neuromuscular junction remodeling plays a key role in determining functional outcomes. Immunohistochemical analyses of denervated muscle biopsies may provide valuable prognostic data regarding clinical outcomes to supplement electrodiagnostic studies. METHODS We performed biopsies on nonfunctioning deltoid muscles in two patients after gunshot wounds and visualized the neuromuscular junctions using two-photon microscopy with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Although the nerves in both patients showed evidence of acute Wallerian degeneration, some of the motor endplates were intact but exhibited significantly decreased surface area and volume. Both patients exhibited substantial recovery of motor function over several weeks postinjury. DISCUSSION Two-photon microscopic assessment of neuromuscular junction integrity and motor endplate morphometry in muscle biopsies provided evidence of partial sparing of muscle innervation. This finding supported the clinical judgment that eventual recovery would occur. With further study, this technique may help to guide operative decisionmaking after traumatic nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Chan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - James Clune
- Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sameer B Shah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Samuel R Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Oswald Steward
- Reeve-Irvine Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, California
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19
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Nakazaki M, Oka S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Onodera R, Komatsu K, Iihoshi S, Hiroura M, Kawaguchi A, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Prevention of neointimal hyperplasia induced by an endovascular stent via intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells. J Neurosurg 2019; 133:1773-1785. [PMID: 31585431 DOI: 10.3171/2019.7.jns19575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In-stent restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) due to neointimal hyperplasia is a potential cause of clinical complications, including repeated revascularization and ischemic events. Neointimal hyperplasia induced by an inflammatory response to the stent strut may be a possible mechanism of in-stent restenosis. Intravenous infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been reported to show therapeutic efficacy for cerebral stroke, presumably by an antiinflammatory effect. This study aimed to determine whether MSCs can reduce or prevent neointimal hyperplasia induced by an endovascular stent. METHODS In this study, two types of bare metal stents were deployed using a porcine (mini-pig) model. One stent was implanted in the common carotid artery (CCA), which is considered quite similar to the human CCA, and the other was inserted in the superficial cervical artery (SCA), which is similar in size to the human middle cerebral artery. Angiographic images, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging, and microscopic images were used for analysis. RESULTS Angiographic images and IVUS studies revealed that intravenous infusion of MSCs immediately after deployment of stents prevented in-stent stenosis of the CCA and SCA. Histological analysis also confirmed that inflammatory responses around the stent struts were reduced in both the stented CCA and SCA in the mini-pig. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous infusion of MSCs inhibited the inflammatory reaction to an implanted stent strut, and prevented progressive neointimal hyperplasia in the stented CCA and SCA in a porcine model. Thus, MSC treatment could attenuate the recurrence of cerebral ischemic events after stenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
- 4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
- 5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
- 4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
- 5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Katsuya Komatsu
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Satoshi Iihoshi
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Manabu Hiroura
- 3NIPRO Life Science Site, NIPRO Corporation, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Akira Kawaguchi
- 3NIPRO Life Science Site, NIPRO Corporation, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
- 5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
- 4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
- 5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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20
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Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Hashi K, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells improves impaired cognitive function in a cerebral small vessel disease model. Neuroscience 2019; 408:361-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Hashimoto-Torii K, Sasaki M, Chang YW, Hwang H, Waxman SG, Kocsis JD, Rakic P, Torii M. Detection of local and remote cellular damage caused by spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury using a heat shock signaling reporter system. IBRO Rep 2018; 5:91-98. [PMID: 30480161 PMCID: PMC6240805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury results in extensive damage to the locally injured cells as well as distant cells that are functionally connected to them. Both primary and secondary damage can cause a broad range of clinical abnormalities, including neuropathic pain and cognitive and memory dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities remain unclear, awaiting new methods to identify affected cells to enable examination of their molecular, cellular and physiological characteristics. Here, we report that both primary and secondary damage to cells in mouse models of spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury can be detected in vivo using a novel fluorescent reporter system based on the immediate stress response via activation of Heat Shock Factor 1. We also provide evidence for altered electrophysiological properties of reporter-positive secondarily-injured neurons. The comprehensive identification of injured, but surviving cells located both close and at distant locations from the injury site in vivo will provide a way to study their pathophysiology and possibly prevention of their further deterioration.
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Key Words
- Cellular damage
- DRG, dorsal root ganglion
- FG, Fluoro-Gold
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- HSE, heat shock-response element
- HSF1, heat shock factor 1
- HSP, heat shock protein
- Heat shock signaling
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- M1, primary motor cortex
- M2, secondary motor cortex
- MPtA, medial parietal association cortex
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- Reporter mouse
- SCI, spinal cord injury
- SNI, sciatic nerve injury
- Sciatic nerve injury
- Spinal cord injury
- WDR, wide-dynamic range
- WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yu-Wen Chang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Hye Hwang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Pasko Rakic
- Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Masaaki Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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22
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Sakai T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Fukumura S, Kobayashi M, Tsutsumi H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Functional recovery after the systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2018; 22:513-522. [PMID: 30074448 DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.peds1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The authors intravenously infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and found improvements in functional outcome, increased brain volume, and enhanced synaptogenesis. The results of this animal study suggest that the intravenous administration of MSCs should be further explored as a potential treatment for patients suffering from cerebral palsy after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Sakai
- 1Department of Pediatrics.,2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Shinobu Fukumura
- 1Department of Pediatrics.,2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,3Department of Perinatal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 2Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,4Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,5Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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23
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Namioka T, Namioka A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral infarction. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1-8. [PMID: 30485210 DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.jns18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow improves behavioral function in rat models of cerebral infarction. Although clinical studies are ongoing, most studies have focused on the acute or subacute phase of stroke. In the present study, MSCs derived from bone marrow of rats were intravenously infused 8 weeks after the induction of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to investigate whether delayed systemic injection of MSCs improves functional outcome in the chronic phase of stroke in rats. METHODS: Eight weeks after induction of the MCAO, the rats were randomized and intravenously infused with either MSCs or vehicle. Ischemic volume and behavioral performance were examined. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was assessed by quantifying the leakage of Evans blue into the brain parenchyma after intravenous infusion. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to evaluate the stability of the BBB. RESULTS: Motor recovery was better in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group, with rapid improvement (evident at 1 week post-infusion). In MSC-treated rats, reduced BBB leakage and increased microvasculature/repair and neovascularization were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the systemic infusion of MSCs results in functional improvement, which is associated with structural changes in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction, including in the stabilization of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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24
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Namioka A, Namioka T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for protection against brainstem infarction in a persistent basilar artery occlusion model in the adult rat. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1-9. [PMID: 30485204 DOI: 10.3171/2018.4.jns173121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Morbidity and mortality in patients with posterior circulation stroke remains an issue despite advances in acute stroke therapies. The intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) elicits therapeutic efficacy in experimental supratentorial stroke models. However, since there are few reliable animal models of ischemia in the posterior circulation, the therapeutic approach with intravenous MSC infusion has not been tested. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that intravenously infused MSCs provide functional recovery in a newly developed model of brainstem infarction in rats. METHODS: Basilar artery (BA) occlusion (BAO) was established in rats by selectively ligating 4 points of the proximal BA with 10-0 nylon monofilament suture. The intravenous infusion of MSCs was performed 1 day after BAO induction. MRI and histological examinations were performed to assess ischemic lesion volume, while multiple behavioral tests were performed to evaluate functional recovery. RESULTS: The MSC-treated group exhibited a greater reduction in ischemic lesion volume, while behavioral testing indicated that the MSC-infused group had greater improvement than the vehicle group 28 days after the MSC infusion. Accumulated infused MSCs were observed in the ischemic brainstem lesion. CONCLUSIONS: Infused MSCs may provide neuroprotection to facilitate functional outcomes and reduce ischemic lesion volume as evaluated in a newly developed rat model of persistent BAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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25
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Wanibuchi M, Ohtaki S, Ookawa S, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Oka S, Kimura Y, Akiyama Y, Mikami T, Mikuni N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1) knockdown inhibits the migration of glioblastoma cells in vitro. J Neurol Sci 2018; 392:117-121. [PMID: 30055382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence is inevitable in glioblastomas (GBMs) and requires multifactorial processes. One of the factors that cause recurrence is the strong migratory capacity of GBM cells. We recently reported that actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1) could serve as a marker to detect GBM migration in clinical cases. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify whether the knockdown of highly expressed ACTC1 can inhibit the migratory capacity of cells in the GBM cell line. METHODS ACTC1 expression was examined using immunocytochemistry and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. The motility of GBM cells that were either treated with siRNA to knock down ACTC1 or untreated were investigated using a time-lapse study in vitro. RESULTS The relatively high ACTC1 expression was confirmed in a GBM cell line, i.e., U87MG. The ACTC1 expression in U87MG cells was significantly inhibited by ACTC1-siRNA (p < 0.05). A cell movement tracking assay using time-lapse imaging demonstrated the inhibition of U87MG cell migration by ACTC1 knockdown. The quantitative cell migration analysis demonstrated that the distance traversed during 72 h was 3607 ± 458 (median ± SD) μm by untreated U87MG cells and 3570 ± 748 μm by negative control siRNA-treated cells. However, the distance migrated by ACTC1-siRNA-treated cells during 72 h was significantly shorter (1265 ± 457 μm, p < 0.01) than the controls. CONCLUSION ACTC1 knockdown inhibits U87MG cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Shunya Ohtaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ookawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yukinori Akiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Mikuni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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26
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Lankford KL, Arroyo EJ, Kocsis JD. Postirradiation Necrosis after Slow Microvascular Breakdown in the Adult Rat Spinal Cord is Delayed by Minocycline Treatment. Radiat Res 2018; 190:151-163. [PMID: 29799318 DOI: 10.1667/rr15039.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the spatiotemporal course of radiation-induced central nervous system (CNS) vascular necrosis and assess the therapeutic potential of approaches for protecting against radiation-induced necrosis, adult female Sprague Dawley rats received 40 Gy surface dose centered on the T9 thoracic spinal cord segment. Locomotor function, blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity and histology were evaluated throughout the study. No functional symptoms were observed for several months postirradiation. However, a sudden onset of paralysis was observed at approximately 5.5 months postirradiation. The progression rapidly led to total paralysis and death within less than 48 h of symptom onset. Open-field locomotor scores and rotarod motor coordination testing showed no evidence of neurological impairment prior to the onset of overt paralysis. Histological examination revealed minimal changes to the vasculature prior to symptom onset. However, Evans blue dye (EvB) extravasation revealed a progressive deterioration of BSCB integrity, beginning at one week postirradiation, affecting regions well outside of the irradiated area. Minocycline treatment significantly delayed the onset of paralysis. The results of this study indicate that extensive asymptomatic disruption of the blood-CNS barrier may precede onset of vascular breakdown by several months and suggests that minocycline treatment has a therapeutic effect by delaying radiation-induced necrosis after CNS irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Edgardo J Arroyo
- Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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27
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Nagahama H, Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Namioka T, Namioka A, Oka S, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of cerebral infarction. Brain Res 2018; 1695:37-44. [PMID: 29802840 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following cerebral infarction exerts functional improvements. Previous research has suggested potential therapeutic mechanisms that promote neuroprotection and synaptogenesis. These include secretion of neurotrophic factors, remodeling of neural circuits, restoration of the blood brain barrier, reduction of inflammatory infiltration and demyelination, and elevation of trophic factors. In addition to these mechanisms, we hypothesized that restored interhemispheric bilateral motor cortex connectivity might be an additional mechanism of functional recovery. In the present study, we have shown, with both MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neuroanatomical tracing techniques using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GFP, that there was anatomical restoration of cortical interhemispheric connections through the corpus callosum after intravenous infusion of MSCs in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. Moreover, the degree of connectivity was greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-infused group. In accordance, both the thickness of corpus callosum and synaptic puncta in the contralateral (non-infarcted) motor cortex connected to the corpus callosum were greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle group. Together, these results suggest that distinct preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum was promoted by intravenous infusion of MSCs. This anatomical preservation of the motor cortex in the contralateral hemisphere may contribute to functional improvements following MSC therapy for cerebral stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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28
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Fukumura S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Nagahama H, Morita T, Sakai T, Tsutsumi H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells reduces epileptogenesis in a rat model of status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 2018; 141:56-63. [PMID: 29475054 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Status epilepticus (SE) causes neuronal cell death, aberrant mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), and cognitive deteriorations. The present study tested the hypothesis that systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce epileptogenesis by inhibiting neuronal cell death and suppressing aberrant MFS, leading to cognitive function preservation in a rat model of epilepsy. METHODS SE was induced using the lithium-pilocarpine injection model. The seizure frequency was scored using a video-monitoring system and the Morris water maze test was carried out to evaluate cognitive function. Comparisons were made between MSCs- and vehicle-infused rats. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect Green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ MSCs and to quantify the number of GAD67+ and NeuN+ neurons in the hippocampus. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and Timm staining were also performed to assess the MFS. RESULTS MSC infusion inhibited epileptogenesis and preserved cognitive function after SE. The infused GFP+ MSCs were accumulated in the hippocampus and were associated with the preservation of GAD67+ and NeuN+ hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, the MSC infusion suppressed the aberrant MFS in the hippocampus as evidenced by MEMRI and Timm staining. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the intravenous infusion of MSCs mitigated epileptogenesis, thus advancing MSCs as an effective approach for epilepsy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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29
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Ookawa S, Wanibuchi M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Oka S, Ohtaki S, Noshiro S, Komatsu K, Akiyama Y, Mikami T, Mikuni N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction Quantification of SERPINA1 Predicts Prognosis in High-Grade Glioma. World Neurosurg 2018; 111:e783-e789. [PMID: 29309973 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.12.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SERPINA1 plays an anti-inflammatory role in protecting tissues from proteolytic mechanisms. SERPINA1 is positive in gliomas by immunohistochemical analysis; however, the role of SERPINA1, including the relationship with prognosis, has been uncertain. In recent years, digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has provided ultra-sensitive assessment of messenger RNA expression from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. OBJECTIVE In this study, we quantitatively determined the expression of SERPINA1 in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) using digital PCR, and we analyzed its relationship with prognosis. METHODS Twenty-nine FFPE surgical samples from patients with HGGs (7 of World Health Organization [WHO] grade III and 22 of WHO grade IV), and human glioblastoma cell lines, U87 and U118, were used for analysis. A qualitative assessment using immunostaining and quantitative assessment using digital PCR were performed to assess the expression of SERPINA1. RESULTS The expression of SERPINA1 was demonstrated in glioma tissues and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines by immunostaining. Digital PCR analysis showed that SERPINA1 was expressed in 14.3% and 63.6% of the tissues from patients with grade III and grade IV HGG, respectively (P = 0.035). The median overall survival of 38.8 months in the low SERPINA1 expression group was longer than that of 15.3 months in the high expression group (P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS The frequency and the amount of SERPINA1 expression were higher in grade IV than in grade III HGGs. The high expression of SERPINA1 indicates a poor prognosis of HGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ookawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shunya Ohtaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shouhei Noshiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Komatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Akiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Mikuni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Lankford KL, Arroyo EJ, Nazimek K, Bryniarski K, Askenase PW, Kocsis JD. Intravenously delivered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes target M2-type macrophages in the injured spinal cord. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190358. [PMID: 29293592 PMCID: PMC5749801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous report we showed that intravenous infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improved functional recovery after contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) in the non-immunosuppressed rat, although the MSCs themselves were not detected at the spinal cord injury (SCI) site [1]. Rather, the MSCs lodged transiently in the lungs for about two days post-infusion. Preliminary studies and a recent report [2] suggest that the effects of intravenous (IV) infusion of MSCs could be mimicked by IV infusion of exosomes isolated from conditioned media of MSC cultures (MSCexos). In this study, we assessed the possible mechanism of MSCexos action on SCI by investigating the tissue distribution and cellular targeting of DiR fluorescent labeled MSCexos at 3 hours and 24 hours after IV infusion in rats with SCI. The IV delivered MSCexos were detected in contused regions of the spinal cord, but not in the noninjured region of the spinal cord, and were also detected in the spleen, which was notably reduced in weight in the SCI rat, compared to control animals. DiR "hotspots" were specifically associated with CD206-expressing M2 macrophages in the spinal cord and this was confirmed by co-localization with anti-CD63 antibodies labeling a tetraspanin characteristically expressed on exosomes. Our findings that MSCexos specifically target M2-type macrophages at the site of SCI, support the idea that extracellular vesicles, released by MSCs, may mediate at least some of the therapeutic effects of IV MSC administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Edgardo J. Arroyo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Katarzyna Nazimek
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow; Poland
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Krzysztof Bryniarski
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow; Poland
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Philip W. Askenase
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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Matsuda Y, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Takayanagi A, Kobayashi K, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Masumori N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous Infusion of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces Erectile Dysfunction Following Cavernous Nerve Injury in Rats. Sex Med 2017; 6:49-57. [PMID: 29275062 PMCID: PMC5815969 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intravenous preload (delivered before cavernous nerve [CN] injury) of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can prevent or decrease postoperative erectile dysfunction (J Sex Med 2015;12:1713–1721). In the present study, the potential therapeutic effects of intravenously administered MSCs on postoperative erectile dysfunction were evaluated in a rat model of CN injury. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 2 groups after electric CN injury. Intravenous infusion of bone marrow–derived MSCs (1.0 × 106 cells in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium 1 mL) or vehicle (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium 1 mL) was performed 3 hours after electrocautery-induced CN injury. Main Outcome Measures To assess erectile function, we measured intracavernous pressure at 4 weeks after MSC or vehicle infusion. Histologic examinations were performed to investigate neuronal innervation and inhibition of smooth muscle atrophy. Green fluorescent protein–positive bone marrow–derived MSCs were used for cell tracking. To investigate mRNA expression levels of neurotrophins in the major pelvic ganglia (MPGs), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. Results The decrease of intracavernous pressure corrected for arterial pressure and area under the curve of intracavernous pressure in the bone marrow–derived MSC group was significantly lower than that in the vehicle group at 4 weeks after infusion (P < .05). Retrograde neuronal tracing indicated that the MSC group had a larger number of FluoroGold-positive neurons in the MPGs compared with the vehicle group. The ratio of smooth muscle to collagen in the MSC group was significantly higher than in the vehicle group. Green fluorescent protein–positive bone marrow–derived MSCs were detected in the MPGs and injured CNs using confocal microscopy, indicating homing of cells to the MPGs and injured CNs. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor expression levels in the MPGs were significantly higher in the MSC group than in the vehicle group (P < .01). Conclusion Intravenous infusion of bone marrow–derived MSCs after CN injury might have therapeutic efficacy in experimental erectile dysfunction. Matsuda Y, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, et al. Intravenous Infusion of Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces Erectile Dysfunction Following Cavernous Nerve Injury in Rats. Sex Med 2018;6:49–57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Matsuda
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akio Takayanagi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ko Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Radtke C, Kocsis JD, Baumgärtner W, Vogt PM. Fluoro-Ruby as a reliable marker for regenerating fiber tracts. Innov Surg Sci 2017; 2:9-13. [PMID: 31579728 PMCID: PMC6754006 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2016-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon visualization techniques are important in assessing the efficacy of interventional approaches to stimulate neural regeneration. Whereas the labeling of descending tracts in the spinal cord has been well established using the intracortical injection of biotin dextran amine (BDA), the labeling of ascending sensory fibers of the dorsal funiculus is more problematic. Fluoro-Ruby (FR; dextran tetramethylrhodamine; MW 10,000) is a bidirectional permanent tracer, but the retrograde tracing of fibers is particularly prominent, and FR is a highly sensitive tracer that can be applied in discrete injection sites. In the present report, we used FR to efficiently label ascending fibers in the dorsal columns of the rat spinal cord. After transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells into the transected dorsal funiculus, the application of FR was able to detect regenerating ascending fibers in the spinal cord. Regenerated fibers crossing the injury site were labeled and easily identified. It is likely that the tracer was taken up by damaged fibers. As additional advantages, the labeling is resistant to photobleaching and no additional tissue processing is necessary for visualization. It can be used for in vivo as well as in vitro injections. The findings indicate that FR can be used as a reliable fluorescent marker to study ascending regenerated fibers in the spinal cord axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria,.,Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Neuroscience Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Neuroscience Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.,Center of Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter M Vogt
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Nakamura H, Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Namioka T, Namioka A, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Nagahama H, Mikami T, Wanibuchi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Elevated brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in plasma reflect in vivo functional viability of infused mesenchymal stem cells for stroke in rats. J Neurosurg Sci 2017; 63:42-49. [PMID: 28181779 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.17.03989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow elicits functional recovery in rat stroke models and clinical studies in patients are ongoing. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor produced by MSCs and may contribute to their therapeutic efficacy. The purpose of the current study was to determine if BDNF is elevated in infarcted brain and in which compartment of blood (plasma or serum) after intravenous MSC infusion in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in the rat. METHODS In rats, a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by intraluminal vascular occlusion with a microfilament and MSCs were intravenously administered 6 h after right MCAO induction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of brain, serum and plasma BDNF were performed after the MSC infusion following the MCAO induction. Lesion volume was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Functional outcome was assessed using the Limb Placement Test. RESULTS Infused MSCs reduced lesion volume and elicited functional improvement compared to the vehicle infused group. ELISA analysis of the MSC treated group revealed an increase BDNF levels in the infarcted hemisphere of the brain and plasma, but not in serum. The MSC group showed a greater increase in BDNF levels than sham control. In the MSC group, the expression of increased plasma BDNF levels correlated with increased brain BDNF levels. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that BDNF levels in plasma, but not serum, may be more appropriate to detect circulating BDNF in vivo following MSC infusion in a cerebral infarction rat model of ischemic stroke. Further, plasma BDNF might reflect in vivo functional viability of infused MSCs after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nakamura
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan - .,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Noshiro S, Mikami T, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Ohnishi H, Ohtaki S, Wanibuchi M, Mikuni N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Co-expression of tissue factor and IL-6 in immature endothelial cells of cerebral cavernous malformations. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 37:83-90. [PMID: 28087183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are congenital abnormal clusters of capillaries that are prone to leaking and thought to result from a disorder of endothelial cells. The underlying pathology of CCM is not fully understood. We analyzed the expression of tissue factor (TF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CCMs to determine the association of TF and IL-6 with clinical and pathological findings. Thirteen cases of operative specimens of sporadic CCMs were included in this study. The expression of messenger RNA of TF and IL-6 was assayed and the association with clinical factors was investigated. Then, the distribution of TF and IL-6 was examined with immunofluorescence. The mRNA expression of TF of CCMs was significantly higher than that of the control (p=0.017), and was correlated with the number of hemorrhage appearances (p=0.190, ρ=0.62). The mRNA expression level of IL-6 was significantly correlated with the mRNA expression level of TF (p=0.034, ρ=0.58). Examination of immunostained sections indicated that TF+ cells were also positive for IL-6, and distributed around normal endothelial cells. Moreover, the TF+/IL-6+ cells expressed CD31 and VEGFR2. The expressions of IL-6 and TF were correlated, and both were present in the same immature endothelial cells. TF is elevated in CCM and might mediate progressive events. These factors may play a prognostic role in CCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhei Noshiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shunya Ohtaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Mikuni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Namioka T, Namioka A, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Mikami T, Wanibuchi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells inhibits intracranial hemorrhage after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. J Neurosurg 2017; 127:917-926. [PMID: 28059661 DOI: 10.3171/2016.8.jns16240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reperfusion therapy with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke. However, hemorrhagic complications can result. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduces stroke volume and improves behavioral function in experimental stroke models. One suggested therapeutic mechanism is inhibition of vascular endothelial dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine whether MSCs suppress hemorrhagic events after rtPA therapy in the acute phase of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in rats. METHODS After induction of tMCAO, 4 groups were studied: 1) normal saline [NS]+vehicle, 2) rtPA+vehicle, 3) NS+MSCs, and 4) rtPA+MSCs. The incidence rate of intracerebral hemorrhage, both hemorrhagic and ischemic volume, and behavioral performance were examined. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in the brain were assessed with zymography. Quantitative analysis of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was performed to assess hemodynamic change in the ischemic lesion. RESULTS The MSC-treated groups (Groups 3 and 4) experienced a greater reduction in the incidence rate of intracerebral hemorrhage and hemorrhagic volume 1 day after tMCAO even if rtPA was received. The application of rtPA enhanced activation of MMP-9, but MSCs inhibited MMP-9 activation. Behavioral testing indicated that both MSC-infused groups had greater improvement than non-MSC groups had, but rtPA+MSCs provided greater improvement than MSCs alone. The rCBF ratio of rtPA groups (Groups 2 and 4) was similar at 2 hours after reperfusion of tMCAO, but both were greater than that in non-rtPA groups. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs may inhibit endothelial dysfunction to suppress hemorrhagic events and facilitate functional outcome. Combined therapy of infused MSCs after rtPA therapy facilitated early behavioral recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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36
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Morita T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nakazaki M, Nagahama H, Oka S, Oshigiri T, Takebayashi T, Yamashita T, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a model of chronic spinal cord injury. Neuroscience 2016; 335:221-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
Research over the past decade has demonstrated that, under some circumstances, structural reorganization of the CNS, including the spinal cord, can occur after injury, raising hopes that spinal cord repair associated with functional recovery, although a daunting goal, may not be an unreachable one. This brief review dis cusses recent approaches to this problem: use of neurotrophins and the rerouting of axons within the transected spinal cord from white matter to gray matter through nerve grafts, and the transplantation of exogenous myelin-forming glial cells to spinal cord tracts in which myelin has been lost. Results available to date indicate that, in models mimicking some aspects of human spinal cord injury, these approaches may yield anatomical repair that is associated with partial restoration of physiological and behavioral func tion. Many important questions remain unanswered. Nevertheless, although the clinical goal of repairing spinal cords in humans is a very challenging one, results in animal models suggest that spinal cord repair is a realistic objective and provide a glimpse of what is likely to be a period of rapid progress. NEURO SCIENTIST 3:263-269, 1997
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut PVAlEPVA Center for Neuroscience Veterans Administration
Medical Center West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut PVAlEPVA Center for Neuroscience Veterans Administration
Medical Center West Haven, Connecticut
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Ohtaki S, Wanibuchi M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Oka S, Noshiro S, Akiyama Y, Mikami T, Mikuni N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. ACTC1 as an invasion and prognosis marker in glioma. J Neurosurg 2016; 126:467-475. [PMID: 27081897 DOI: 10.3171/2016.1.jns152075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma is a major class of brain tumors, and glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant type. The nature of tumor invasion makes surgical removal difficult, which results in remote recurrence. The present study focused on glioma invasion and investigated the expression of actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1), which is 1 of 6 actin families implicated in cell motility. METHODS mRNA expression of ACTC1 expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 47 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded glioma tissues that were graded according to WHO criteria: Grade I (n = 4); Grade II (n = 12); Grade III (n = 6); and Grade IV (n = 25). Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The relationships between ACTC1 expression and clinical features such as radiological findings at the time of diagnosis and recurrence, patient age, Karnofsky Performance Scale status (KPS), and the MIB-1 index were evaluated. RESULTS The incidence of ACTC1 expression as a qualitative assessment gradually increased according to WHO grade. The hazard ratio for the median overall survival (mOS) of the patients with ACTC1-positive high-grade gliomas as compared with the ACTC1-negative group was 2.96 (95% CI, 1.03-8.56). The mOS was 6.28 years in the ACTC1-negative group and 1.26 years in the positive group (p = 0.037). In GBM patients, the hazard ratio for mOS in the ACTC1-positive GBMs as compared with the ACTC1-negative group was 2.86 (95% CI 0.97-8.45). mOS was 3.20 years for patients with ACTC1-negative GBMs and 1.08 years for patients with ACTC1-positive GBMs (p = 0.048). By the radiological findings, 42.9% of ACTC1-positive GBM patients demonstrated invasion toward the contralateral cerebral hemisphere at the time of diagnosis, although no invasion was observed in ACTC1-negative GBM patients (p = 0.013). The recurrence rate of GBM was 87.5% in the ACTC1-positive group; in contrast, none of the ACTC1-negative patients demonstrated distant recurrence (0.007). No remarkable relationship was demonstrated among ACTC1 expression and patient age, KPS, and the MIB-1 index. CONCLUSIONS ACTC1 may serve as a novel independent prognostic and invasion marker in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Ohtaki
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shouhei Noshiro
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Mikami
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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Takayanagi A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Kobayashi K, Matsuda Y, Oka S, Masumori N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous Preload of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescues Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Sex Med 2015. [PMID: 26211660 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the potential preventive effects and mechanisms of intravenously preloaded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for erectile dysfunction (ED) in a cavernous nerve (CN) injury model. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used for this study. Rats were randomized into two groups. One group was intravenously preloaded with MSCs (1.0 × 10(6) cells in 1 mL total fluid volume) and the other was infused with medium alone (1 mL Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium [DMEM]) for sham control, respectively. Crushed CN injury was induced immediately after infusion. The surgeon was blind to the experimental conditions (MSC or medium). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES To assess erectile function, we measured the intracavernous pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) at 1 hour and 2 weeks after CN injury. After measuring the initial ICP/AP of pre-injury (normal) male SD rats, they were randomized into the two groups and infused with MSCs or medium. PKH26-labelled MSCs were used for tracking. To investigate the mRNA expression levels of neurotrophins in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG), we performed real-time quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The reduction of ICP/AP and area under the curve of ICP (ICP-AUC) in the MSC group was significantly lower than in the DMEM group (P < 0.05; P < 0.05) at 1 hour. The ICP/AP and ICP-AUC at 2 weeks post-injury in the MSC group was significantly higher than in the DMEM group (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). The preloaded PKH26-labelled MSCs were detected in the MPG and CN using confocal microscopy indicating homing of the cells to the injured nerve and ganglia. Glia cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin, which are important neurotrophic factors for erection, had expression levels in MPG significantly higher in the MSC group than in the DMEM group (P < 0.01, 0.05). CONCLUSION Intravenous preload of MSCs before a CN injury may prevent or reduce experimental ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Takayanagi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ko Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yohei Matsuda
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Matsushita T, Lankford KL, Arroyo EJ, Sasaki M, Neyazi M, Radtke C, Kocsis JD. Diffuse and persistent blood-spinal cord barrier disruption after contusive spinal cord injury rapidly recovers following intravenous infusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Neurol 2015; 267:152-64. [PMID: 25771801 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to reduce the severity of experimental spinal cord injury (SCI), but mechanisms are not fully understood. One important consequence of SCI is damage to the microvasculature and disruption of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB). In the present study we induced a contusive SCI at T9 in the rat and studied the effects of intravenous MSC infusion on BSCB permeability, microvascular architecture and locomotor recovery over a 10week period. Intravenously delivered MSCs could not be identified in the spinal cord, but distributed primarily to the lungs where they survived for a couple of days. Spatial and temporal changes in BSCB integrity were assessed by intravenous infusions of Evans blue (EvB) with in vivo and ex vivo optical imaging and spectrophotometric quantitation of EvB leakage into the parenchyma. SCI resulted in prolonged BSCB leakage that was most severe at the impact site but disseminated extensively rostral and caudal to the lesion over 6weeks. Contused spinal cords also showed an increase in vessel size, reduced vessel number, dissociation of pericytes from microvessels and decreases in von Willebrand factor (vWF) and endothelial barrier antigen (EBA) expression. In MSC-treated rats, BSCB leakage was reduced, vWF expression was increased and locomotor function improved beginning 1 week post-MSC infusion, i.e., 2weeks post-SCI. These results suggest that intravenously delivered MSCs have important effects on reducing BSCB leakage which could contribute to their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Matsushita
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Karen L Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Edgardo J Arroyo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Milad Neyazi
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Plastic, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Plastic, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Center for Neuroscience Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
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Radtke C, Kocsis JD. Olfactory-ensheathing cell transplantation for peripheral nerve repair: update on recent developments. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 200:48-58. [PMID: 25765445 DOI: 10.1159/000369006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of important advances have been made using transplantation of olfactory-ensheathing cells (OECs) to provide therapeutic effects with regard to peripheral nerve repair. In vivo studies have focused on transplanting OECs to stimulate axonal regeneration and sprouting, increase remyelination, confer neuroprotection, enhance neovascularization and replace lost cells. OECs support axonal regeneration and remyelination with appropriate formation of axonal nodes of Ranvier with improvement of nerve conduction velocity. Current work using gene profiling and proteomics is identifying potential therapeutic differences between OECs harvested from nasal mucosa and the olfactory bulb and genes that OECs express that may be conducive to neural repair. OECs derived from nasal mucosa are of clinical interest since the cells could potentially be harvested from a patient and used for autotransplantation. Various nerve scaffolds and materials have been used for nerve repair and recent studies have examined OECs in combination with various supportive materials, including nanoparticles and scaffolds for peripheral nerve substance defects. This review will discuss the use of OECs in nerve repair and nerve defect injuries with specific emphasis on differences between OECs derived from the olfactory bulb and the olfactory mucosa.
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Lerner MZ, Matsushita T, Lankford KL, Radtke C, Kocsis JD, Young NO. Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury: a preliminary study. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:2555-60. [PMID: 25043703 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been recently shown to enhance functional recovery after stroke and spinal cord injury. The therapeutic properties of MSCs are attributed to their secretion of a variety of potent antiinflammatory and neurotrophic factors. We hypothesize that intravenous administration of MSCs after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury in the rat may enhance functional recovery. STUDY DESIGN Animal Research. METHODS Twelve 250-gram Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a controlled crush injury to the left RLN. After confirming postoperative vocal fold immobility, each rat was intravenously infused with either green fluorescent protein-expressing MSCs or control media in a randomized and blinded fashion. Videolaryngoscopy was performed weekly. The laryngoscopy video recordings were reviewed and rated by a fellowship-trained laryngologist who remained blinded to the intervention using a 0 to 3 scale. RESULTS At 1 week postinjury, the MSC-infused group showed a trend for higher average functional recovery scores compared to the control group (2.2 vs 1.3), but it did not reach statistical significance (P value of 0.06). By 2 weeks, however, both groups exhibited complete return of function. CONCLUSIONS These pilot data indicate that with complete nerve transection by crush injury of the RLN in rat, there is complete recovery of vocal fold mobility at 2 weeks. At 1 week postinjury, animals receiving intravenous infusion of MSCs showed a trend for greater functional recovery, suggesting a potential beneficial effect of MSCs; however, this did not reach statistical significance. Therefore, no definite conclusions can be drawn from these data and further study is required. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Z Lerner
- Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A
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Lankford KL, Brown RJ, Sasaki M, Kocsis JD. Olfactory ensheathing cells, but not Schwann cells, proliferate and migrate extensively within moderately X-irradiated juvenile rat brain. Glia 2013; 62:52-63. [PMID: 24166823 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and Schwann cells (SCs) share many characteristics, including the ability to promote neuronal repair when transplanted directly into spinal cord lesions, but poor survival and migration when transplanted into intact adult spinal cord. Interestingly, transplanted OECs, but not SCs, migrate extensively within the X-irradiated (40 Gy) adult rat spinal cord, suggesting distinct responses to environmental cues [Lankford et al., (2008) GLIA 56:1664-1678]. In this study, GFP-expressing OECs and SCs were transplanted into juvenile rat brains (hippocampus) subjected to a moderate radiation dose (16 Gy). As in the adult spinal cord, OECs, but not SCs, migrated extensively within the irradiated juvenile rat brain. Unbiased stereology revealed that the number of OECs observed within irradiated rat brains three weeks after transplantation was as much as 20 times greater than the number of cells transplanted, and the cells distributed extensively within the brain. In conjunction with the OEC dispersion, the number of activated microglia in OEC-transplanted irradiated brains was reduced. Unlike in the intact adult spinal cord, both OECs and SCs showed some, but limited, migration within nonirradiated rat brains, suggesting that the developing brain may be a more permissive environment for cell migration than the adult CNS. These results show that OECs display unique migratory, proliferative, and microglia interaction properties as compared with SCs when transplanted into the moderately X-irradiated brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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Lankford KL, Arroyo EJ, Liu CN, Somps CJ, Zorbas MA, Shelton DL, Evans MG, Hurst SI, Kocsis JD. Sciatic nerve regeneration is not inhibited by anti-NGF antibody treatment in the adult rat. Neuroscience 2013; 241:157-69. [PMID: 23531437 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Elevated nerve growth factor (NGF) is believed to play a role in many types of pain. An NGF-blocking antibody (muMab 911) has been shown to reduce pain and hyperalgesia in pain models, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for pain management. Since NGF also plays important roles in peripheral nervous system development and sensory nerve outgrowth, we asked whether anti-NGF antibodies would adversely impact peripheral nerve regeneration. Adult rats underwent a unilateral sciatic nerve crush to transect axons and were subcutaneously dosed weekly for 8weeks with muMab 911 or vehicle beginning 1day prior to injury. Plasma levels of muMab 911 were assessed from blood samples and foot print analysis was used to assess functional recovery. At 8-weeks post-nerve injury, sciatic nerves were prepared for light and electron microscopy. In a separate group, Fluro-Gold was injected subcutaneously at the ankle prior to perfusion, and counts and sizes of retrogradely labeled and unlabeled dorsal root ganglion neurons were obtained. There was no difference in the time course of gait recovery in antibody-treated and vehicle-treated animals. The number of myelinated and nonmyelinated axons was the same in the muMab 911-treated crushed nerves and intact nerves, consistent with observed complete recovery. Treatment with muMab 911 did however result in a small decrease in average cell body size on both the intact and injured sides. These results indicate that muMab 911 did not impair functional recovery or nerve regeneration after nerve injury in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Lankford
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Suzuki J, Sasaki M, Harada K, Bando M, Kataoka Y, Onodera R, Mikami T, Wanibuchi M, Mikuni N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Bilateral cortical hyperactivity detected by fMRI associates with improved motor function following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in a rat stroke model. Brain Res 2013; 1497:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
Successful nerve regeneration after nerve trauma is not only important for the restoration of motor and sensory functions, but also to reduce the potential for abnormal sensory impulse generation that can occur following neuroma formation. Satisfying functional results after severe lesions are difficult to achieve and the development of interventional methods to achieve optimal functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury is of increasing clinical interest. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) have been used to improve axonal regeneration and functional outcome in a number of studies in spinal cord injury models. The rationale is that the OECs may provide trophic support and a permissive environment for axonal regeneration. The experimental transplantation of OECs to support and enhance peripheral nerve regeneration is much more limited. This chapter reviews studies using OECs as an experimental cell therapy to improve peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; E-Mail:
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-8864; Fax: +49-511-532-8890
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; E-Mail:
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Akiyama Y, Lankford K, Radtke C, Greer CA, Kocsis JD. Remyelination of spinal cord axons by olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells derived from a transgenic rat expressing alkaline phosphatase marker gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 1:47-55. [PMID: 16799702 PMCID: PMC1482729 DOI: 10.1017/s1740925x04000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of cell suspensions containing olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) has been reported to remyelinate demyelinated axons in the spinal cord with a Schwann cell (SC)-like pattern of myelination. However, questions have been raised recently as to whether OECs can form SC-like myelin. To address this issue we prepared SCs and OECs from transgenic rats in which a marker gene, human placental alkaline phosphatase (hPAP), is linked to the ubiquitously active promoter of the R26 gene. SCs were prepared from the sciatic nerve and OECs from the outer nerve-fiber layer of the olfactory bulb. Positive S100 and p75 immunostaining indicated that >95% of cells in culture displayed either SC or OEC phenotypes. Suspensions of either SCs or OECs were transplanted into an X-irradiation/ethidium bromide demyelinating lesion in the spinal cord. We observed extensive SC-like remyelination following either SC or OEC transplantation 3 weeks after injection of the cells. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) chromagen reaction product was associated clearly with the myelin-forming cells. Thus, cell suspensions that are enriched in either SCs or OECs result in peripheral-like myelin when transplanted in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Akiyama
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06516
- Neuroscience Research Center VA Medical Center West Haven Connecticut 06516
| | - Karen Lankford
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06516
| | - Christine Radtke
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06516
| | - Charles A. Greer
- Department of Neurosurgery Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8543 Japan
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06516
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Honmou O, Onodera R, Sasaki M, Waxman SG, Kocsis JD. Mesenchymal stem cells: therapeutic outlook for stroke. Trends Mol Med 2012; 18:292-7. [PMID: 22459358 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) display a spectrum of functional properties. Transplantation of these cells improves clinical outcome in models of cerebral ischemia and spinal cord injury via mechanisms that may include replacement of damaged cells, neuroprotective effects, induction of axonal sprouting, and neovascularization. Therapeutic effects have been reported in animal models of stroke after intravenous delivery of MSCs, including those derived from adult human bone marrow. Initial clinical studies on intravenously delivered MSCs have now been completed in human subjects with stroke. Here, we review the reparative and protective properties of transplanted MSCs in stroke models, describe initial human studies on intravenous MSC delivery in stroke, and provide a perspective on prospects for future progress with MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South-1st, West-16th, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
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Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Bone marrow stem cells in experimental stroke. Functional Neural Transplantation III - Primary and Stem Cell Therapies for Brain Repair, Part II 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59544-7.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sasaki M, Honmou O, Radtke C, Kocsis JD. Development of a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in the nonhuman primate and a safety study of i.v. infusion of human mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26577. [PMID: 22039510 PMCID: PMC3200343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most experimental stroke research is carried out in rodents, but given differences between rodents and human, nonhuman primate (NHP) models may provide a valuable tool to study therapeutic interventions. The authors developed a surgical method for transient occlusion of the M1 branch of middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the African green monkey to evaluate safety aspects of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) derived from human bone marrow. METHODS The left Sylvian fissure was exposed by a small fronto-temporal craniotomy. The M1 branch of the MCA was exposed by microsurgical dissection and clipped for 2 to 4 hours. Neurological examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were carried out at regular post-operative course. hMSCs were infused 1 hour after reperfusion (clip release) in the 3-hour occlusion model. RESULTS During M1 occlusion, two patterns of changes were observed in the lateral hemisphere surface. One pattern (Pattern 1) was darkening of venous blood, small vessel collapse, and blood pooling with no venous return in cortical veins. Animals with these three features had severe and lasting hemiplegia and MRI demonstrated extensive MCA territory infarction. Animals in the second pattern (Pattern 2) displayed darkening of venous blood, small vessel collapse, and reduced but incompletely occluded venous flow and the functional deficit was much less severe and MRI indicated smaller infarction areas in brain. The severe group (Pattern 1) likely had less extensive collateral circulation than the less severe group (Pattern 2) where venous pooling of blood was not observed. The hMSC infused animals showed a trend for greater functional improvement that was not statistically significant in the acute phase and no additive negative effects. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate inter-animal variability of collateral circulation after complete M1 occlusion and that hMSC infusion is safe in the developed NHP stroke model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeffery D. Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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