1
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Putzke C, Guo C, Plisson V, Kroner M, Chervy T, Simoni M, Wevers P, Bachmann MD, Cooper JR, Carrington A, Kikugawa N, Fowlie J, Gariglio S, Mackenzie AP, Burch KS, Îmamoğlu A, Moll PJW. Layered metals as polarized transparent conductors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3147. [PMID: 37253746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest to improve transparent conductors balances two key goals: increasing electrical conductivity and increasing optical transparency. To improve both simultaneously is hindered by the physical limitation that good metals with high electrical conductivity have large carrier densities that push the plasma edge into the ultra-violet range. Technological solutions reflect this trade-off, achieving the desired transparencies only by reducing the conductor thickness or carrier density at the expense of a lower conductance. Here we demonstrate that highly anisotropic crystalline conductors offer an alternative solution, avoiding this compromise by separating the directions of conduction and transmission. We demonstrate that slabs of the layered oxides Sr2RuO4 and Tl2Ba2CuO6+δ are optically transparent even at macroscopic thicknesses >2 μm for c-axis polarized light. Underlying this observation is the fabrication of out-of-plane slabs by focused ion beam milling. This work provides a glimpse into future technologies, such as highly polarized and addressable optical screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Putzke
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.
| | - Chunyu Guo
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Plisson
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Martin Kroner
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thibault Chervy
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- NTT Research, Inc., Physics and Informatics Laboratories, 940 Stewart Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Matteo Simoni
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pim Wevers
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maja D Bachmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - John R Cooper
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Antony Carrington
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Naoki Kikugawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki, 305-0003, Japan
| | - Jennifer Fowlie
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Gariglio
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrew P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Ataç Îmamoğlu
- Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philip J W Moll
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, 22761, Germany.
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2
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Wang BY, Wang TC, Hsu YT, Osada M, Lee K, Jia C, Duffy C, Li D, Fowlie J, Beasley MR, Devereaux TP, Fisher IR, Hussey NE, Hwang HY. Effects of rare-earth magnetism on the superconducting upper critical field in infinite-layer nickelates. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf6655. [PMID: 37196089 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The search for superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates was motivated by analogy to the cuprates, and this perspective has framed much of the initial consideration of this material. However, a growing number of studies have highlighted the involvement of rare-earth orbitals; in that context, the consequences of varying the rare-earth element in the superconducting nickelates have been much debated. Here, we show notable differences in the magnitude and anisotropy of the superconducting upper critical field across the La-, Pr-, and Nd-nickelates. These distinctions originate from the 4f electron characteristics of the rare-earth ions in the lattice: They are absent for La3+, nonmagnetic for the Pr3+ singlet ground state, and magnetic for the Nd3+ Kramer's doublet. The unique polar and azimuthal angle-dependent magnetoresistance found in the Nd-nickelates can be understood to arise from the magnetic contribution of the Nd3+ 4f moments. Such robust and tunable superconductivity suggests potential in future high-field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Yang Wang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tiffany C Wang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yu-Te Hsu
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL) and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Motoki Osada
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kyuho Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chunjing Jia
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Caitlin Duffy
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL) and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Danfeng Li
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jennifer Fowlie
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Malcolm R Beasley
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ian R Fisher
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nigel E Hussey
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL) and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Harold Y Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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3
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Fowlie J, Georgescu AB, Suter A, Mundet B, Toulouse C, Jaouen N, Viret M, Domínguez C, Gibert M, Salman Z, Prokscha T, Alexander DTL, Kreisel J, Georges A, Millis AJ, Triscone JM. Metal-insulator transition in composition-tuned nickel oxide films. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:304001. [PMID: 37059114 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/accd38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of the solid solution Nd1-xLaxNiO3are grown in order to study the expected 0 K phase transitions at a specific composition. We experimentally map out the structural, electronic and magnetic properties as a function ofxand a discontinuous, possibly first order, insulator-metal transition is observed at low temperature whenx= 0.2. Raman spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy show that this is not associated with a correspondingly discontinuous global structural change. On the other hand, results from density functional theory (DFT) and combined DFT and dynamical mean field theory calculations produce a 0 K first order transition at around this composition. We further estimate the temperature-dependence of the transition from thermodynamic considerations and find that a discontinuous insulator-metal transition can be reproduced theoretically and implies a narrow insulator-metal phase coexistence withx. Finally, muon spin rotation (µSR) measurements suggest that there are non-static magnetic moments in the system that may be understood in the context of the first order nature of the 0 K transition and its associated phase coexistence regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fowlie
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Alexandru B Georgescu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
| | - Andreas Suter
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Bernat Mundet
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constance Toulouse
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Michel Viret
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claribel Domínguez
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Gibert
- Solid State Physics Institute, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zaher Salman
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Duncan T L Alexander
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kreisel
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Antoine Georges
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, United States of America
- Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jean-Marc Triscone
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Eime R, Charity M, Foley BC, Fowlie J, Reece LJ. Gender inclusive sporting environments: the proportion of women in non-player roles over recent years. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:58. [PMID: 34049581 PMCID: PMC8161912 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Throughout the ecosystem of sport, women have been and continue to be underrepresented at all levels compared to men. The capacity of community-level sport is heavily reliant on the many non-player roles including governance, as well as administration, coaching and officiating. Recently there has been increased attention to improving the gender balance in sport. The aim of this study is to investigate the proportions of women engaged in non-playing roles in sport (2016–2018). Methods This study involved secondary analysis of the AusPlay survey, a national population survey, funded by Sport Australia. This study utilised data from people aged 15-years or older about their involvement in non-playing roles in sport, and their demographic data. Survey respondents were asked “During the last 12 months, have you been involved with any sports in a nonplaying role, such as official, coach, referee, administrator, etc?” Analysis of non-player role responses focussed specifically on the top four non-player role categories; coach, official, administrator and manager. Frequency analysis concentrated on the distribution of men and women involvement in a non-player capacity for the three years, with detailed analysis of the most recent year (2018). Results In this study of 61,578 Australians there was a higher proportion of men in non-player roles in sport compared to women, across each of the three years (2018: men 55 %, women 46 %). Involvement of women in coaching increased significantly from 38 % to 2016 to 44 % in 2018 (p < 0.001). The proportion of women involved in administration roles significantly decreased from a peak of 51 % in 2017 to 46 % in 2018 (p < 0.001). Conclusions Aligned with strategic policy and investment strategies, there are gradual increased representation of women in non-playing sport, coaching roles. Women are still underrepresented in terms of coaches, officials and administrators, but are more likely to be managers. It is recommended that there is continued mentoring, identification and emphasising of female role models, and further strategies to increase female presence in non-playing roles. We recommend that future research, in line with appropriate gender and cultural-change theories, investigates and discusses the progress of gender equality throughout playing and non-playing role in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Eime
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia. .,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Australia.
| | - M Charity
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - B C Foley
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, SPRINTER, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Fowlie
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - L J Reece
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, SPRINTER, Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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5
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Mundet B, Domínguez C, Fowlie J, Gibert M, Triscone JM, Alexander DTL. Near-Atomic-Scale Mapping of Electronic Phases in Rare Earth Nickelate Superlattices. Nano Lett 2021; 21:2436-2443. [PMID: 33685129 PMCID: PMC7995248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale mapping of the distinct electronic phases characterizing the metal-insulator transition displayed by most of the rare-earth nickelate compounds is fundamental for discovering the true nature of this transition and the possible couplings that are established at the interfaces of nickelate-based heterostructures. Here, we demonstrate that this can be accomplished by using scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron energy-loss spectroscopy. By tracking how the O K and Ni L edge fine structures evolve across two different NdNiO3/SmNiO3 superlattices, displaying either one or two metal-insulator transitions depending on the individual layer thickness, we are able to determine the electronic state of each of the individual constituent materials. We further map the spatial configuration associated with their metallic/insulating regions, reaching unit cell spatial resolution. With this, we estimate the width of the metallic/insulating boundaries at the NdNiO3/SmNiO3 interfaces, which is measured to be on the order of four unit cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Mundet
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Electron
Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics
(IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claribel Domínguez
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Fowlie
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Gibert
- Physik-Institut, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Triscone
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Duncan T. L. Alexander
- Electron
Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics
(IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Domínguez C, Georgescu AB, Mundet B, Zhang Y, Fowlie J, Mercy A, Waelchli A, Catalano S, Alexander DTL, Ghosez P, Georges A, Millis AJ, Gibert M, Triscone JM. Length scales of interfacial coupling between metal and insulator phases in oxides. Nat Mater 2020; 19:1182-1187. [PMID: 32778815 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlling phase transitions in transition metal oxides remains a central feature of both technological and fundamental scientific relevance. A well-known example is the metal-insulator transition, which has been shown to be highly controllable. However, the length scale over which these phases can be established is not yet well understood. To gain insight into this issue, we atomically engineered an artificially phase-separated system through fabricating epitaxial superlattices that consist of SmNiO3 and NdNiO3, two materials that undergo a metal-to-insulator transition at different temperatures. We demonstrate that the length scale of the interfacial coupling between metal and insulator phases is determined by balancing the energy cost of the boundary between a metal and an insulator and the bulk phase energies. Notably, we show that the length scale of this effect exceeds that of the physical coupling of structural motifs, which introduces a new framework for interface-engineering properties at temperatures against the bulk energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claribel Domínguez
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Bernat Mundet
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Theoretical Materials Physics, CESAM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Fowlie
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alain Mercy
- Theoretical Materials Physics, CESAM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Adrien Waelchli
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sara Catalano
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Duncan T L Alexander
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Ghosez
- Theoretical Materials Physics, CESAM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Georges
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Collège de France, Paris, France
- Centre de Physique Théorique (CPHT), CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta Gibert
- Physik-Institut, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Triscone
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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7
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van Thiel TC, Fowlie J, Autieri C, Manca N, Šiškins M, Afanasiev D, Gariglio S, Caviglia AD. Coupling Lattice Instabilities Across the Interface in Ultrathin Oxide Heterostructures. ACS Mater Lett 2020; 2:389-394. [PMID: 32478332 PMCID: PMC7254603 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxide heterointerfaces constitute a rich platform for realizing novel functionalities in condensed matter. A key aspect is the strong link between structural and electronic properties, which can be modified by interfacing materials with distinct lattice symmetries. Here, we determine the effect of the cubic-tetragonal distortion of SrTiO3 on the electronic properties of thin films of SrIrO3, a topological crystalline metal hosting a delicate interplay between spin-orbit coupling and electronic correlations. We demonstrate that below the transition temperature at 105 K, SrIrO3 orthorhombic domains couple directly to tetragonal domains in SrTiO3. This forces the in-phase rotational axis to lie in-plane and creates a binary domain structure in the SrIrO3 film. The close proximity to the metal-insulator transition in ultrathin SrIrO3 causes the individual domains to have strongly anisotropic transport properties, driven by a reduction of bandwidth along the in-phase axis. The strong structure-property relationships in perovskites make these compounds particularly suitable for static and dynamic coupling at interfaces, providing a promising route towards realizing novel functionalities in oxide heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry C. van Thiel
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Fowlie
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Carmine Autieri
- International
Research Centre MagTop, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Superconduttori,
Materiali Innovativi e Dispositivi (CNR-SPIN), c/o Università G. D’Annunzio, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Manca
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Dmytro Afanasiev
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Stefano Gariglio
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Andrea D. Caviglia
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
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8
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Fowlie J, Lichtensteiger C, Gibert M, Meley H, Willmott P, Triscone JM. Thickness-Dependent Perovskite Octahedral Distortions at Heterointerfaces. Nano Lett 2019; 19:4188-4194. [PMID: 31117765 PMCID: PMC6595436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyze how the octahedral tilts and rotations of thin films of LaNiO3 and LaAlO3 grown on different substrates, determined using synchrotron X-ray diffraction-measured half-integer Bragg peaks, depend upon the total film thickness. We find a striking difference between films grown on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates which appears to stem not only from the difference in epitaxial strain state but also from the level of continuity at the heterointerface. In particular, the chemically and structurally discontinuous LaNiO3/SrTiO3 and LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces cause a large variation in the octahedral network as a function of film thickness whereas the rather continuous LaNiO3/LaAlO3 interface seems to allow from just a few unit cells the formation of a stable octahedral pattern corresponding to that expected only given the applied biaxial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fowlie
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Céline Lichtensteiger
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Gibert
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Meley
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philip Willmott
- Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Physik
Institut, University of Zürich, 190 Winterthurerstrasse, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Triscone
- Department
of Quantum Matter Physics, University of
Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Catalano S, Gibert M, Fowlie J, Íñiguez J, Triscone JM, Kreisel J. Rare-earth nickelates RNiO 3: thin films and heterostructures. Rep Prog Phys 2018; 81:046501. [PMID: 29266004 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aaa37a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review stands in the larger framework of functional materials by focussing on heterostructures of rare-earth nickelates, described by the chemical formula RNiO3 where R is a trivalent rare-earth R = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, …, Lu. Nickelates are characterized by a rich phase diagram of structural and physical properties and serve as a benchmark for the physics of phase transitions in correlated oxides where electron-lattice coupling plays a key role. Much of the recent interest in nickelates concerns heterostructures, that is single layers of thin film, multilayers or superlattices, with the general objective of modulating their physical properties through strain control, confinement or interface effects. We will discuss the extensive studies on nickelate heterostructures as well as outline different approaches to tuning and controlling their physical properties and, finally, review application concepts for future devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Catalano
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Fowlie J, Gibert M, Tieri G, Gloter A, Íñiguez J, Filippetti A, Catalano S, Gariglio S, Schober A, Guennou M, Kreisel J, Stéphan O, Triscone JM. Conductivity and Local Structure of LaNiO 3 Thin Films. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1605197. [PMID: 28262988 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A marked conductivity enhancement is reported in 6-11 unit cell LaNiO3 thin films. A maximal conductivity is also observed in ab initio calculations for films of the same thickness. In agreement with results from state of the art scanning transmission electron microscopy, the calculations also reveal a differentiated film structure comprising characteristic surface, interior, and heterointerface structures. Based on this observation, a three-element parallel conductor model is considered and leads to the conclusion that the conductivity enhancement for films of 6-11 unit cells, stems from the onset of intercompetition between the three local structures in the film depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fowlie
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Gibert
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Tieri
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR8502, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Gloter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR8502, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jorge Íñiguez
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alessio Filippetti
- Istituto dei Materiali, CNR-IOM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042-I, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sara Catalano
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Gariglio
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Schober
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mael Guennou
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jens Kreisel
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Odile Stéphan
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR8502, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Marc Triscone
- DQMP, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Gibert M, Viret M, Torres-Pardo A, Piamonteze C, Zubko P, Jaouen N, Tonnerre JM, Mougin A, Fowlie J, Catalano S, Gloter A, Stéphan O, Triscone JM. Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO3/LaNiO3 Interfaces. Nano Lett 2015; 15:7355-7361. [PMID: 26484628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The functional properties of oxide heterostructures ultimately rely on how the electronic and structural mismatches occurring at interfaces are accommodated by the chosen materials combination. We discuss here LaMnO3/LaNiO3 heterostructures, which display an intrinsic interface structural asymmetry depending on the growth sequence. Using a variety of synchrotron-based techniques, we show that the degree of intermixing at the monolayer scale allows interface-driven properties such as charge transfer and the induced magnetic moment in the nickelate layer to be controlled. Further, our results demonstrate that the magnetic state of strained LaMnO3 thin films dramatically depends on interface reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gibert
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Viret
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CNRS URA 2464 , CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Torres-Pardo
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS-UMR 8502 , Orsay 91405, France
| | - C Piamonteze
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - P Zubko
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N Jaouen
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , 91192 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - A Mougin
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS-UMR 8502 , Orsay 91405, France
| | - J Fowlie
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Catalano
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Gloter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS-UMR 8502 , Orsay 91405, France
| | - O Stéphan
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS-UMR 8502 , Orsay 91405, France
| | - J-M Triscone
- Département de Physique de la Matière Quantique, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Fowlie J, Arnoczky S, Lavagnino M, Maerz T, Stick J. Resection of Grade III cranial horn tears of the equine medial meniscus alter the contact forces on medial tibial condyle at full extension: an in-vitro cadaveric study. Vet Surg 2011; 40:957-65. [PMID: 22091489 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the magnitude and distribution of joint contact pressure on the medial tibial condyle after grade III cranial horn tears of the medial meniscus. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. ANIMALS Cadaveric equine stifles (n = 6). METHODS Cadaveric stifles were mounted in a materials testing system and electronic pressure sensors were placed between the medial tibial condyle and medial meniscus. Specimens were loaded parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tibia to 1800 N at 130°, 140°, 150°, and 160° stifle angle. Peak pressure and contact area were recorded from the contact maps. Testing was repeated after surgical creation of a grade III cranial horn tear of the medial meniscus, and after resection of the simulated tear. RESULTS In the intact specimens, a significantly smaller contact area was observed at 160° compared with the other angles (P < .05). Creation of a grade III cranial horn tear in the medial meniscus did not significantly alter the pressure or contact area measurements at any stifle angle compared with intact specimens (P > .05). Resection of the tear resulted in significantly higher peak pressures in the central region of the medial tibial condyle at a stifle angle of 160° relative to the intact (P = .026) and torn (P = .012) specimens. CONCLUSIONS Resection of grade III cranial horn tears in the medial meniscus resulted in a central focal region of increased pressure on the medial tibial condyle at 160° stifle angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fowlie
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1314, USA.
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13
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Janardhan KS, McIsaac M, Fowlie J, Shrivastav A, Caldwell S, Sharma RK, Singh B. Toll like receptor-4 expression in lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation. Histol Histopathol 2006; 21:687-96. [PMID: 16598667 DOI: 10.14670/hh-21.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) initiate immune response through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Because many a times host is confronted with secondary bacterial challenges, it is critical to understand TLR4 expression following initial provocation. We studied TLR4 expression in rats at various times after intra-tracheal instillation of LPS. Although TLR4 mRNA was undetectable in normal lungs, it increased at 6h and 12h and declined at 36h post-LPS treatment. Western blots showed TLR4 protein at all time points. Immunohistochemistry localized TLR4 in alveolar septal cells, bronchial epithelium, macrophages and endothelium of large and peribronchial blood vessels. Dual label immunoelectron microscopy showed co-localization of TLR4 and LPS in the cytoplasm and nucleus of various lung and inflammatory cells. Nuclear localization of TLR4 was confirmed with Western blots on lung nuclear extracts. We conclude that TLR4 expression in lung is sustained up to 36 hours and that TLR4 and LPS are localized in the cytoplasm and nuclei of lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Janardhan
- Immunology Research Group, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Abstract
A case of skin necrosis at the sites of injection of subcutaneous heparin is described. The patient went on to develop heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and pulmonary embolism. Review of the previously described cases of heparin-associated skin necrosis reveals that this sequence of events is not uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fowlie
- Department of Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK
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Cant S, Bell L, Emslie C, Scott S, Fowlie J, Templeton A. Timing of ovulation for artificial insemination. Health Bull (Edinb) 1989; 47:9-12. [PMID: 2703346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two studies involving eighty women having treatment with artificial insemination by donor (AID) have demonstrated that the use of a urinary semi-quantitative assay for luteinising hormone (LH) gives pregnancy rates comparable to those obtained using plasma LH for the timing of insemination. The advantage of self test assay is evident in a scattered region such as Grampian.
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