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Marston NA, Giugliano RP, Park JG, Ruzza A, Sever PS, Keech AC, Sabatine MS. Cardiovascular benefit of lowering LDL-C below 1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl). Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The 2019 ESC/EAS Dyslipidemia Guidelines recommend an LDL-C goal of <1.4 mmol/L (∼55 mg/dl) for patients with very high-risk ASCVD, and <1 mmol/L (∼40 mg/dl) for those with recurrent events within 2 years despite taking maximally tolerated statin therapy. The addition of PCSK9 inhibitors to statin therapy can achieve LDL-C levels well below 1 mmol/L in many patients, yet the clinical benefit of LDL-C lowering beyond this level has recently been questioned.
Methods
FOURIER was a cardiovascular outcomes trial comparing evolocumab vs. placebo in patients with stable ASCVD on optimized statin therapy with a median follow-up of 2.2 years. We performed an exploratory analysis to determine the consistency of CV risk reduction with LDL-C lowering below ∼1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl) with evolocumab. We modeled the achieved LDL-C at 48 weeks in the two treatment arms as well as the percentage of LDL-C difference between the two arms that was due to LDL-C below ∼1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl) as a function of baseline LDL-C. We then modeled the hazard ratio (HR) for the composite of CV death, MI or stroke (per 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL-C) with evolocumab vs. placebo as a function of baseline LDL-C.
Results
All 27,564 patients from FOURIER were included in this analysis. Patients with lower baseline LDL-C achieved lower LDL-C levels following evolocumab therapy, with achieved LDL-C typically being below 1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl) once the baseline LDL-C was below 2.4 mmol/L (94 mg/dl) and reaching levels approaching 0.5 mmol/L (∼20 mg/dl). Accordingly, the further baseline LDL-C levels were below 2.4 mmol/L (94 mg/dl), the greater the proportion of the difference in achieved LDL-C between the evolocumab and placebo arms was due to LDL-C levels below ∼1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl), reaching nearly 40% of the difference in LDL-C between treatment arms (Upper Panel). Despite this, the clinical benefit of LDL-C lowering was not attenuated (p=0.78) (and even appeared greater), with robust reductions in risk of CV death, MI or stroke even when LDL-C was lowered to nearly 0.5 mmol/L (∼20 mg/dl) and having close to 40% of the LDL-C difference between treatment arms due to LDL-C lowering below ∼1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl) (Lower Panel).
Conclusion
PCSK9 inhibitors added to statin therapy can achieve LDL-C well below 1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl). There is no evidence for attenuation of the clinical benefit of lowering LDL-C below this threshold. These data support lowering LDL-C to below 1 mmol/L (40 mg/dl) in patients with ASCVD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Institute of Health
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Marston
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - R P Giugliano
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - J G Park
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - A Ruzza
- Amgen, Thousand Oaks, United States of America
| | - P S Sever
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A C Keech
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M S Sabatine
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
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Petrov ME, Hasanaj K, Hoffmann CM, Epstein DR, Krahn L, Park JG, Hollingshead K, Yu T, St. Louis EK, Morgenthaler TI, Buman MP. 0695 Sleepwell24, A Smartphone Application To Promote PAP Therapy Adherence: Feasibility And Acceptability. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability of SleepWell24, a multicomponent, smartphone-delivered intervention to increase positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence among newly diagnosed OSA patients.
Methods
SleepWell24 targets PAP adherence along with other health behaviors through education, trouble-shooting, goal-setting, and near real-time biofeedback of PAP machine use, and sleep and physical activity levels (via Fitbit integration), and other chronic disease self-management components. Patients with a first-time diagnosis of OSA (AHI≥5) and prescribed PAP therapy were enrolled from the Centers for Sleep Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN and Phoenix, AZ. Patients were randomized to SleepWell24 or usual care (UC) and assessed for PAP use over 60 consecutive nights. UC patients received a Fitbit monitor to control for non-specific intervention effects related to the introduction of a new personal technology. Feasibility was assessed with recruitment and retention rates and acceptability was assessed post-intervention with the validated, 8-item Treatment Evaluation Questionnaire (TEQ; range:0-4). ANCOVA models, adjusting for age, sex, and AHI severity, compared intervention arms on acceptability ratings.
Results
OSA patients were consented and randomized (N=111). Before the intervention began 4 participants withdrew, 12 were lost to follow-up, and 5 could not start the trial due to durable medical equipment (DME) vendor barriers. Ninety OSA patients (n=41 SleepWell24, n=49 UC; age M±SD=57.2±12.2; 44.4% female, 61.1% AHI≥15) started the intervention, with 2 participants withdrawing, 1 becoming deceased (unrelated to treatment) and 7 with missing PAP data due to DME vendor barriers. There was no significant between-groups differences on post-treatment acceptability (SleepWell24 M±SD=2.7±1.1 vs. UC M±SD=3.1±0.9, F[1,73]=2.3, p=0.11), and 77% of SleepWell24 participants found the app to be moderately to totally acceptable.
Conclusion
Overall, SleepWell24 was found to be feasible for delivery in two large clinical sleep medicine centers, and patients found the app to be acceptable. A number of challenges in trial delivery were encountered that have implications for scaled-up efficacy testing: (a) partnerships with DME vendors for near real-time PAP data integration; (b) alignment with clinical practice (i.e., referral, medical record integration); and (c) patient engagement.
Support
National Institute of Nursing Research / National Institutes of Health: R21NR016046
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Hasanaj
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | | | | | | | - T Yu
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | - M P Buman
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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Finn DR, Ziv-El M, van Haren J, Park JG, Del Aguila-Pasquel J, Urquiza-Muñoz JD, Cadillo-Quiroz H. Methanogens and Methanotrophs Show Nutrient-Dependent Community Assemblage Patterns Across Tropical Peatlands of the Pastaza-Marañón Basin, Peruvian Amazonia. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:746. [PMID: 32390985 PMCID: PMC7193774 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical peatlands are globally important carbon reservoirs that play a crucial role in fluxes of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Amazon peatlands are expected to be large source of atmospheric methane (CH4) emissions, however little is understood about the rates of CH4 flux or the microorganisms that mediate it in these environments. Here we studied a mineral nutrient gradient across peatlands in the Pastaza-Marañón Basin, the largest tropical peatland in South America, to describe CH4 fluxes and environmental factors that regulate species assemblages of methanogenic and methanotrophic microorganisms. Peatlands were grouped as minerotrophic, mixed and ombrotrophic categories by their general water source leading to different mineral nutrient content (rich, mixed and poor) quantified by trace elements abundance. Microbial communities clustered dependent on nutrient content (ANOSIM p < 0.001). Higher CH4 flux was associated with minerotrophic communities compared to the other categories. The most dominant methanogens and methanotrophs were represented by Methanobacteriaceae, and Methylocystaceae, respectively. Weighted network analysis demonstrated tight clustering of most methanogen families with minerotrophic-associated microbial families. Populations of Methylocystaceae were present across all peatlands. Null model testing for species assemblage patterns and species rank distributions confirmed non-random aggregations of Methylococcacae methanotroph and methanogen families (p < 0.05). We conclude that in studied amazon peatlands increasing mineral nutrient content provides favorable habitats for Methanobacteriaceae, while Methylocystaceae populations seem to broadly distribute independent of nutrient content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Robert Finn
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Michal Ziv-El
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.,Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Joost van Haren
- Biosphere 2, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jin Gyoon Park
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | | | - Jose David Urquiza-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Suelos del Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la Amazonia Peruana, and Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.,Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.,Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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4
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Bonaca M, George RT, Morrow DA, Abuhsira L, She D, Park JG, Hirshberg B, Sabatine M. 354Multiple ascending doses of recombinant human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in patients with atherosclerosis: phase 2a primary results. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Bonaca
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Medicine, Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, Boston, United States of America
| | - R T George
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, United States of America
| | - D A Morrow
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Medicine, Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, Boston, United States of America
| | - L Abuhsira
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, United States of America
| | - D She
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, United States of America
| | - J G Park
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Medicine, Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, Boston, United States of America
| | - B Hirshberg
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, United States of America
| | - M Sabatine
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Medicine, Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, Boston, United States of America
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5
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Kim D, Min YW, Park JG, Lee H, Min BH, Lee JH, Rhee PL, Kim JJ, Zo JI. Influence of esophagectomy on the gastroesophageal reflux in patients with esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-7. [PMID: 28881892 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the influence of esophagectomy with gastric transposition on the gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastric acidity in patients with esophageal cancer. Data on 53 esophageal cancer patients who underwent 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring after esophagectomy were retrospectively analyzed. We used a solid-state esophageal pH probe in which the esophageal pH sensor is placed 1.5 cm distal to the upper esophageal sphincter and the gastric pH sensor is located 15 cm distal to the esophageal pH channel. 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring data and other clinical data including anastomosis site stricture and incidence of pneumonia were collected. We defined pathologic reflux with reference to known normative data. Stricture was defined when an intervention such as bougienage or balloon dilatation was required to relieve dysphagia. The esophageal and gastric mean pH were 5.47 ± 1.51 and 3.33 ± 1.64, respectively. The percent time of acidic pH (<4) was 6.66 ± 12.49% in the esophagus and 70.53 ± 32.19% in the stomach. Esophageal pathologic acid reflux was noticed in 32.1%, 20.8%, and 35.8% during total, upright, and recumbent time, respectively. Esophageal pathologic bolus reflux was noted in 83.0%, 77.4%, and 64.2% during total, upright, and recumbent time, respectively. Gastric acidity increased with time after esophagectomy. Esophageal acid exposure time correlated with intragastric pH. However, esophageal pathologic acid reflux was not associated with anastomosis site stricture or pneumonia. In conclusion, GER frequently occurs after esophagectomy. Thus, strict lifestyle modifications and acid suppression would be necessary in patients following esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J I Zo
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Lipford MC, Williams J, Lorentz P, Collazo-Clavell M, Park JG, Olson EJ, St. Louis EK, Silber MH, Kellogg TA. 0745 RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME / WILLIS EKBOM DISEASE IN BARIATRIC SURGERY PATIENTS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Park JG, Park SY, Tak WY, Kweon YO, Jang SY, Lee YR, Hur K, Lee HJ, Lee HW. Early complications after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis of 1,843 ablations in 1,211 patients in a single centre: experience over 10 years. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:692.e9-692.e15. [PMID: 28364952 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the incidence of adverse events and associated factors after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma within 30 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS The early complications that occurred within 30 days after RFA at a single institution from January 2000 to July 2010 were reviewed in order to evaluate the morbidity, mortality, and risk factors associated with the complications. In total, 1,211 patients (845 men, 70.5%) with a mean age of 68 years (range, 27-88 years) underwent 1,843 RFA procedures. RESULTS The overall incidence rate of complications was 6.8% (125 cases). Major complications (n=36, 2%) included liver abscess (n=15, 0.8%), intraperitoneal bleeding (n=8, 0.4%), liver failure (n=5, 0.3%), variceal bleeding (n=3, 0.2%), haemothorax (n=2, 0.1%), cholecystitis (n=2, 0.1%), and bowel perforation (n=1, 0.1%). Among the minor complications (n=89, 4.8%), the most common was the post RFA syndrome accompanied by pain and fever (n=75, 4.1%). Other minor complications included significant pleural effusion (n=7, 0.4%), skin wound infection (n=4, 0.2%), and thermal injuries to the skin (n=3, 0.2%). Procedural infections significantly increased with tumour size (OR=1.379; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.191-1.579; p<0.001), and multiple overlapping ablations (OR=1.118; 95% CI, 1.019-1.227, p=0.018). Thrombocytopenia (<50,000/μl), prothrombin time, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with post-RFA bleeding episodes (p=0.041, p=0.021, and p=0.003, respectively). The overall mortality rate was 0.3% (three cases of hepatic failure, two case of sepsis, and one case of renal failure). CONCLUSIONS RFA is a safe and effective local treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Careful selection of patients and appropriate RFA planning could decrease procedural mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - W Y Tak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Y O Kweon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Jang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y R Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - K Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H W Lee
- Department of Pathology, Dongsan Medical Center, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Kim HO, Kim JK, Park JG, Yim NY, Kang YJ, Jung HD. Inferior vena cava filter insertion through the popliteal vein: enabling the percutaneous endovenous intervention of deep vein thrombosis with a single venous access approach in a single session. Diagn Interv Radiol 2016; 22:455-9. [PMID: 27559713 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2016.15347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of placing an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter through the same popliteal vein access site used for percutaneous endovenous intervention in patients with extensive lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. METHODS This retrospective study included 21 patients who underwent IVC filter insertion through the popliteal vein over a three-year period. Patient medical records were reviewed for the location of the deep vein thrombosis, result of filter removal, and total number of endovascular procedures needed for filter insertion and recanalization of the lower extremity venous system. Follow-up lower extremity computed tomography (CT) venography was also reviewed in each patient to assess the degree of filter tilt in the IVC. RESULTS All patients had extensive lower extremity deep vein thrombosis involving the iliac vein and/or femoral vein. Seventeen patients showed deep vein thrombosis of the calf veins. In all patients, IVC filter insertion and the recanalization procedure were performed during a single procedure through the single popliteal vein access site. In the 17 patients undergoing follow-up CT, the mean tilt angle of the filter was 7.14°±4.48° in the coronal plane and 8.77°±5.49° in the sagittal plane. Filter retrieval was successful in 16 of 17 patients (94.1%) in whom filter retrieval was attempted. CONCLUSION Transpopliteal IVC filter insertion is an efficient technique that results in low rates of significant filter tilt and enables a single session procedure using a single venous access site for filter insertion and percutaneous endovenous intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Ook Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea.
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Park HJ, Kwon SY, Cho SG, Kim J, Song HC, Kim SS, Yoon YH, Park JG. Giant Cell Tumor with Secondary Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Shows Heterogeneous Metabolic Pattern on 18F-FDG PET/CT: A Case Report. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 50:348-352. [PMID: 27994691 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-016-0423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a generally benign bone tumor accounting for approximately 5 % of all primary bone neoplasms. Cystic components in GCTs that indicate secondary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are reported in 14 % of GCTs. Although both of them have been described separately in previous reports that may show considerable fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake despite their benign nature, the findings of GCT with secondary ABC on 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) have not been well-known. We report a case of GCT with secondary ABC in a 26-year-old woman. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed a heterogeneous hypermetabolic lesion in the left proximal femur with the maximum standardized uptake value of 4.7. The solid components of the tumor showed higher FDG uptake than the cystic components. These observations suggest that the ABC components in GCTs show heterogeneous metabolic patterns on 18F-FDG PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Huasun-Gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Young Kwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Huasun-Gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Geon Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jahae Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hong Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Huasun-Gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyoon Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Wang (Student) J, Figueroa JD, Wallstrom G, Barker K, Park JG, Demirkan G, Lissowska J, Anderson K, Qiu J, LaBaer J. Abstract P5-02-04: Plasma autoantibodies associated with basal-like breast cancers. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p5-02-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a rare aggressive subtype that is less likely to be detected through mammographic screening. Identification of circulating markers associated with BLBC could have promise in detecting and managing this deadly disease.
Methods: Using samples from the Polish Breast Cancer study, a high-quality population-based case-control study of breast cancer, we screened 10,000 antigens on protein arrays using 45 BLBC patients and 45 controls, and identified 748 promising plasma autoantibodies (AAbs) associated with BLBC. ELISA assays of promising markers were performed on a total of 145 BLBC cases and 145 age-matched controls. Sensitivities at 98% specificity were calculated and a BLBC classifier was constructed.
Results: We identified a 13-AAbs (CTAG1B, CTAG2, TP53, RNF216, PPHLN1, PIP4K2C, ZBTB16, TAS2R8, WBP2NL, DOK2, PSRC1, MN1, TRIM21) that distinguished BLBC from controls with 33% sensitivity and 98% specificity. We also discovered a strong association of TP53 AAb with its protein expression (p=0.009) in BLBC patients. In addition, MN1 and TP53 AAbs were associated with worse survival (MN1 AAb marker HR=2.25 95%CI= 1.03-4.91 p=0.04; TP53, HR=2.02, 95%CI 1.06-3.85, p=0.03). We found limited evidence that AAb levels differed by demographic characteristics.
Conclusions: These AAbs warrant further investigation in clinical studies to determine their value for further understanding the biology of BLBC and possible detection. Currently, they are also being tested in a large national blind validation trial using a well characterized independent sample set.
Citation Format: Wang (Student) J, Figueroa JD, Wallstrom G, Barker K, Park JG, Demirkan G, Lissowska J, Anderson K, Qiu J, LaBaer J. Plasma autoantibodies associated with basal-like breast cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-02-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang (Student)
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - JD Figueroa
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Wallstrom
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Barker
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - JG Park
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Demirkan
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Lissowska
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Anderson
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Qiu
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J LaBaer
- Arizona State University, Tempe, AR; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
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Lee YH, Kim YS, Lee HC, Lee SW, Kang YN, Kang JH, Hong SH, Kim YK, Kim SJ, Ahn MI, Han DH, Yoo IR, Park JG, Sung SW, Lee KY. Tumour volume changes assessed with high-quality KVCT in lung cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150156. [PMID: 26055505 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated tumour volume changes in patients with lung cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy using image-guided radiotherapy (RT). METHODS The kilovoltage image was obtained using CT on rail at every five fractions. The gross tumour volumes (GTVs), including the primary tumour and lymph nodes (LNs), were contoured to analyse the time and degree of tumour regression. RESULTS 46 patients [32, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 14, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)] were included in this study. In total, 281 CT scans and 82 sites of GTVs were evaluated. Significant volume changes occurred in both the NSCLC and SCLC groups (p < 0.001 and 0.002), and the average GTV change compared with baseline was 49.85 ± 3.65 [standard error (SE)]% and 65.95 ± 4.60 (SE)% for the NSCLC and SCLC groups, respectively. A significant difference in the degree of volume reduction between the primary tumour and LNs was observed in only the NSCLC group (p < 0.0001) but not in the SCLC group (p = 0.735). The greatest volume regression compared with the volume before the five fractions occurred between the 15 and 20 fractions in the NSCLC group and between the 5 and 10 fractions in the SCLC group. CONCLUSION Both primary tumour and LNs were well defined using CT on rail. Significant volume changes occurred during RT, and there was a difference in volume reduction between the NSCLC and SCLC groups, regarding the degree and timing of the tumour reduction in the primary tumour and LNs. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE NSCLC and SCLC groups showed differences in the degree and timing of volume reduction. The primary tumour and LNs in NSCLC regressed differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H C Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y N Kang
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kang
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hong
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M I Ahn
- 4 Department of Radiology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- 4 Department of Radiology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - I R Yoo
- 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Park
- 6 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Sung
- 6 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Lee
- 7 Department of Pathology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Due to their ability to decrease the spread of infection, hand sanitizers are now ubiquitous in health care settings. We present the case of a 50-year-old woman who was admitted with acute alcohol intoxication and had near complete recovery in 12 hrs. Subsequently, she was found unresponsive on the floor of her hospital room on two separate occasions. Evaluations revealed repeatedly elevated levels of ethanol, acetone, and lactate as well as increased anion gap and hypotension, requiring intensive care unit evaluation and intubation for airway protection. During the second episode, she was found next to an empty bottle of ethanol-based hospital hand sanitizer. She confirmed ingesting hand sanitizer in order to become intoxicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Wilson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - P K Guru
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J G Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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13
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Kang DW, Park JG, Ilhan ZE, Wallstrom G, LaBaer J, Adams JB, Krajmalnik-Brown R. Reduced incidence of Prevotella and other fermenters in intestinal microflora of autistic children. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68322. [PMID: 23844187 PMCID: PMC3700858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High proportions of autistic children suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, implying a link between autism and abnormalities in gut microbial functions. Increasing evidence from recent high-throughput sequencing analyses indicates that disturbances in composition and diversity of gut microbiome are associated with various disease conditions. However, microbiome-level studies on autism are limited and mostly focused on pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, here we aimed to define systemic changes in gut microbiome associated with autism and autism-related GI problems. We recruited 20 neurotypical and 20 autistic children accompanied by a survey of both autistic severity and GI symptoms. By pyrosequencing the V2/V3 regions in bacterial 16S rDNA from fecal DNA samples, we compared gut microbiomes of GI symptom-free neurotypical children with those of autistic children mostly presenting GI symptoms. Unexpectedly, the presence of autistic symptoms, rather than the severity of GI symptoms, was associated with less diverse gut microbiomes. Further, rigorous statistical tests with multiple testing corrections showed significantly lower abundances of the genera Prevotella, Coprococcus, and unclassified Veillonellaceae in autistic samples. These are intriguingly versatile carbohydrate-degrading and/or fermenting bacteria, suggesting a potential influence of unusual diet patterns observed in autistic children. However, multivariate analyses showed that autism-related changes in both overall diversity and individual genus abundances were correlated with the presence of autistic symptoms but not with their diet patterns. Taken together, autism and accompanying GI symptoms were characterized by distinct and less diverse gut microbial compositions with lower levels of Prevotella, Coprococcus, and unclassified Veillonellaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Wook Kang
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jin Gyoon Park
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zehra Esra Ilhan
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Garrick Wallstrom
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Joshua LaBaer
- Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - James B. Adams
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
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14
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Ko SW, Park JG. Cavernous hemangioma of the ilium mimicking aggressive malignant bone tumor with increased activity on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Korean J Radiol 2013; 14:294-8. [PMID: 23482507 PMCID: PMC3590343 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2013.14.2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Osseous hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor, and it usually occurs in the vertebrae and the skull. However, hemangiomas of flat bones are rare, and there are very few reports that describe the radiologic findings of osseous hemangioma of the ilium. We report a unique case of large cavernous hemangioma mimicking a chondrogenic malignant bone tumor originated from the ilium in a 22-year-old female. The mass showed stippled calcifications, heterogeneous enhancement with thick septa and enhanced soft tissue components on CT and MR, and also this mass demonstrated heterogeneous 2-fluoro [fluorine-18]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) uptake on 18F-FDG PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seog Wan Ko
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dong-A Hospital, Gwangju 503-300, Korea.
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15
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Sung HK, Doh KO, Son JE, Park JG, Bae Y, Choi S, Nelson SML, Cowling R, Nagy K, Michael IP, Koh GY, Adamson SL, Pawson T, Nagy A. Adipose vascular endothelial growth factor regulates metabolic homeostasis through angiogenesis. Cell Metab 2013; 17:61-72. [PMID: 23312284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) is highly expressed in adipose tissue. Its role, however, has not been fully elucidated. Here, we reveal the metabolic role of adipose-VEGF by studying mice with deletion (VEGF(AdΔ)) or doxycycline-inducible overexpression of a VEGF transgene (VEGF(AdTg)) in the adipose tissue. VEGF(AdΔ) mice have reduced adipose vascular density and show adipose hypoxia, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolic defects on a high-fat diet. In contrast, induction of VEGF expression in VEGF(AdTg) mice leads to increased adipose vasculature and reduced hypoxia. The latter changes are sufficient to counteract an established compromising effect of high-fat diet on the metabolism, indicating that metabolic misbalance is reversible by adipose vessel density increase. Our data clearly show the essential role of VEGF signaling for adequate adipose function. Besides revealing insights into the molecular mechanisms of obesity-related metabolic diseases, this study points to the therapeutic potential of increased adipose angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon-Ki Sung
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
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Lim HS, Jeong SJ, Lee JS, Park MH, Kim JW, Shin SS, Park JG, Kang HK. Paget disease of the breast: mammographic, US, and MR imaging findings with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2012; 31:1973-87. [PMID: 22084182 DOI: 10.1148/rg.317115070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Paget disease is a rare malignancy of the breast characterized by infiltration of the nipple epidermis by adenocarcinoma cells. The clinical features of Paget disease are characteristic and should increase the likelihood of the diagnosis being made. An important point is that more than 90% of cases of Paget disease are associated with an additional underlying breast malignancy. Paget disease is frequently associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the underlying lactiferous ducts of the nipple-areolar complex; it may even be associated with DCIS or invasive breast cancer elsewhere in the breast, at least 2 cm from the nipple-areolar complex. Nevertheless, mammographic findings may be negative in up to 50% of cases. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be useful in patients with Paget disease for evaluation of the nipple-areolar complex and identification of an additional underlying malignancy in the breast. The appropriate surgical treatment must be carefully selected and individualized on the basis of radiologic findings, especially those obtained with breast MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 8 Hack Dong, Dong Ku, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
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Arends JE, Hoepelman AIM, Nanlohy NM, Höppener FJP, Hirsch KR, Park JG, van Baarle D. Low doses of the novel caspase-inhibitor GS-9450 leads to lower caspase-3 and -8 expression on peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Apoptosis 2011; 16:959-66. [PMID: 21667042 PMCID: PMC3152720 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-011-0620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by increased rates of apoptotic hepatocytes and activated caspases have been shown in HCV-infected patients. GS-9450, a novel caspase-inhibitor has demonstrated hepatoprotective activity in fibrosis/apoptosis animal models. This study evaluated the effects of GS-9450 on peripheral T-cell apoptosis in chronic HCV-infected patients. As sub study of the GS-US-227-0102, a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial evaluating the safety and tolerability of GS-9450, apoptosis of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was measured using activated caspase-3, activated caspase-8 and CD95 (Fas). Blood samples were drawn at baseline, day 14 after therapy and at 5 weeks off-treatment follow-up in the first cohort of 10 mg. In contrast to the placebo-treated patients, GS-9450 caused a median of 46% decrease in ALT-values from baseline to day 14 in all treated patients (median of 118-64 U/l) rising again to a median of 140 U/l (19%) at 5 weeks off-treatment follow-up. In GS9450-treated patients, during treatment and follow-up, percentages of activated caspase-3+ and caspase-8 expression tended to decrease, in contrast to placebo-treated patients. Interestingly, compared to healthy controls, higher percentages of caspase-3 and caspase-8 positive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were demonstrated in HCV-infected patients at baseline. Decreased ALT-values were observed in all HCV-infected patients during treatment with low dose of the caspase-inhibitor GS-9450 accompanied by a lower expression of caspase-3 and -8 on peripheral T-cells. Furthermore, at baseline percentages of activated caspase-3, activated caspase-8 and CD95+ T-cells were higher in chronic HCV-infected patients compared to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Heidelberglaan, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Olhovsky M, Williton K, Dai AY, Pasculescu A, Lee JP, Goudreault M, Wells CD, Park JG, Gingras AC, Linding R, Pawson T, Colwill K. OpenFreezer: a reagent information management software system. Nat Methods 2011; 8:612-3. [PMID: 21799493 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Cui R, Okada Y, Jang SG, Ku JL, Park JG, Kamatani Y, Hosono N, Tsunoda T, Kumar V, Tanikawa C, Kamatani N, Yamada R, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, Matsuda K. Common variant in 6q26-q27 is associated with distal colon cancer in an Asian population. Gut 2011; 60:799-805. [PMID: 21242260 PMCID: PMC3095478 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2010.215947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease with both environmental and genetic factors contributing to its development. The incidence of CRC is increasing year by year in Japan. Patients with CRC in advanced stages have a poor prognosis, but detection of CRC at earlier stages can improve clinical outcome. Therefore, identification of epidemiologial factors that influence development of CRC would facilitate the prevention or early detection of disease. METHODS To identify loci associated with CRC risk, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for CRC and sub-analyses by tumour location using 1583 Japanese CRC cases and 1898 controls. Subsequently, we conducted replication analyses using a total of 4809 CRC cases and 2973 controls including 225 Korean subjects with distal colon cancer and 377 controls. RESULTS We identified a novel locus on 6q26-q27 region (rs7758229 in SLC22A3, p = 7.92 × 10⁻⁹, OR of 1.28) that was significantly associated with distal colon cancer. We also replicated the association between CRC and SNPs on 8q24 (rs6983267 and rs7837328, p = 1.51 × 10⁻⁸ and 7.44 × 10⁻⁸, ORs of 1.18 and 1.17, respectively). Moreover, we found cumulative effects of three genetic factors (rs7758229, rs6983267, and rs4939827 in SMAD7) and one environmental factor (alcohol drinking) which appear to increase CRC risk approximately twofold. CONCLUSIONS We found a novel susceptible locus in SLC22A3 that contributes to the risk of distal colon cancer in an Asian population. These findings would further extend our understanding of the role of common genetic variants in the aetiology of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cui
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Okada
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S G Jang
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J L Ku
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J G Park
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Kamatani
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hosono
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Genomic Medicine, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Informatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - V Kumar
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Tanikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Genomic Medicine, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - R Yamada
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Genomic Medicine, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Laboratory for International Alliance, Center for Genomic Medicine, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Lim HS, Jeong SJ, Lee JS, Park MH, Yoon JH, Kim JW, Park JG, Kang HK. Sonographic findings of invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast. J Ultrasound Med 2011; 30:701-705. [PMID: 21527619 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2011.30.5.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this series was to evaluate the sonographic features of invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast. Between 2004 and 2010, 3 patients had confirmed invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast in our institution, and all of them underwent sonography. Sonograms showed masses with an oval (n = 2) or irregular (n = 1) shape, partially microlobulated (n = 2) or well-circumscribed (n = 1) margins, and a hypoechoic (n = 2) or an isoechoic (n = 1) internal echo texture. Sonographic assessments were classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 4 in all 3 cases. Although invasive cribriform carcinoma is a rare breast malignancy, awareness of its sonographic features will be helpful for the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsim-ri, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do 519-763, Korea.
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Jack DA, Yeh CS, Liang Z, Li S, Park JG, Fielding JC. Electrical conductivity modeling and experimental study of densely packed SWCNT networks. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:195703. [PMID: 20407145 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/19/195703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks have become a subject of interest due to their ability to support structural, thermal and electrical loadings, but to date their application has been hindered due, in large part, to the inability to model macroscopic responses in an industrial product with any reasonable confidence. This paper seeks to address the relationship between macroscale electrical conductivity and the nanostructure of a dense network composed of SWCNTs and presents a uniquely formulated physics-based computational model for electrical conductivity predictions. The proposed model incorporates physics-based stochastic parameters for the individual nanotubes to construct the nanostructure such as: an experimentally obtained orientation distribution function, experimentally derived length and diameter distributions, and assumed distributions of chirality and registry of individual CNTs. Case studies are presented to investigate the relationship between macroscale conductivity and nanostructured variations in the bulk stochastic length, diameter and orientation distributions. Simulation results correspond nicely with those available in the literature for case studies of conductivity versus length and conductivity versus diameter. In addition, predictions for the increasing anisotropy of the bulk conductivity as a function of the tube orientation distribution are in reasonable agreement with our experimental results. Examples are presented to demonstrate the importance of incorporating various stochastic characteristics in bulk conductivity predictions. Finally, a design consideration for industrial applications is discussed based on localized network power emission considerations and may lend insight to the design engineer to better predict network failure under high current loading applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Jack
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, TX 76798, USA. David
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Jin J, Xie X, Chen C, Park JG, Stark C, James DA, Olhovsky M, Linding R, Mao Y, Pawson T. Eukaryotic protein domains as functional units of cellular evolution. Sci Signal 2009; 2:ra76. [PMID: 19934434 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Modular protein domains are functional units that can be modified through the acquisition of new intrinsic activities or by the formation of novel domain combinations, thereby contributing to the evolution of proteins with new biological properties. Here, we assign proteins to groups with related domain compositions and functional properties, termed "domain clubs," which we use to compare multiple eukaryotic proteomes. This analysis shows that different domain types can take distinct evolutionary trajectories, which correlate with the conservation, gain, expansion, or decay of particular biological processes. Evolutionary jumps are associated with a domain that coordinately acquires a new intrinsic function and enters new domain clubs, thereby providing the modified domain with access to a new cellular microenvironment. We also coordinately analyzed the covalent and noncovalent interactions of different domain types to assess the molecular compartment occupied by each domain. This reveals that specific subsets of domains demarcate particular cellular processes, such as growth factor signaling, chromatin remodeling, apoptotic and inflammatory responses, or vesicular trafficking. We suggest that domains, and the proteins in which they reside, are selected during evolution through reciprocal interactions with protein domains in their local microenvironment. Based on this scheme, we propose a mechanism by which Tudor domains may have evolved to support different modes of epigenetic regulation and suggest a role for the germline group of mammalian Tudor domains in Piwi-regulated RNA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Centre for Systems Biology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
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Lee SI, Lee SY, Yoon KH, Choi KS, Jang KY, Yoo WH, Kim SH, Choi TH, Park JG. Molecular MR imaging for visualizing ICAM-1 expression in the inflamed synovium of collagen-induced arthritic mice. Korean J Radiol 2009; 10:472-80. [PMID: 19721832 PMCID: PMC2731865 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2009.10.5.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the utility of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antibody-conjugated gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1) as a targeted contrast agent for the molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Materials and Methods Three groups of mice were used: non-arthritic normal, CIA mice in both the early inflammatory and chronic destructive phases. The MR images of knee joints were obtained before and after injection of Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1, Gd-DTPA, and Gd-DTPA-Immunoglobulin G (Ig G) and were analyzed quantitatively. The patterns of enhancement on the MR images were compared with the histological and immunohistochemical ICAM-1 staining. Results The images obtained after injection of Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1 displayed gradually increasing signal enhancement from the moment following injection (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 424.3 ± 35.2, n = 3) to 24 hours (532 ± 11.3), rather than on pre-enhanced images (293 ± 37.6) in the early inflammatory phase of CIA mice. However, signal enhancement by Gd-DTPA and Gd-DTPA-IgG disappeared after 80 minutes and 24 hours, respectively. In addition, no significant enhancement was seen in the chronic destructive phase of CIA mice, even though they also showed inflammatory changes on T2-weighted MR images. ICAM-1 expression was demonstrated in the endothelium and proliferating synovium of the early inflammatory phase of CIA mice, but not in the chronic destructive phase. Conclusion Molecular MRI with Gd-DTPA-anti-ICAM-1 displays specific images targeted to ICAM-1 that is expressed in the inflamed synovium of CIA. This novel tool may be useful for the early diagnosis and differentiation of the various stages of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, [corrected] Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Institute of Health Science, [corrected] Kyungnam, Korea
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Yim NY, Kim YH, Choi S, Seon HJ, Kim YC, Jeong GW, Min BI, Lee SR, Jeong MH, Kim JK, Park JG, Kang HK. Multidetector-row computed tomographic evaluation of myocardial perfusion in reperfused chronic myocardial infarction: value of color-coded perfusion map in a porcine model. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2009; 25 Suppl 1:65-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-008-9411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Water is ubiquitous in the mouths of healthy individuals and routinely interferes with efforts to bond restorations to dental tissues. Our previous studies using tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) have shown that nanophase separation is a general feature of cross-linked polymethacrylates photocured in the presence of water. To explore the relationship between nanophase separation in dentin adhesives and their long-term mechanical properties, we evaluated model adhesives after 3 months of aqueous storage. The degree of contrast in the TMAFM phase image depended on the formulations used, ranging from 'not observable' to 'very strong'. Correspondingly, the mechanical properties of these model adhesives varied from 'minimal change' to 'significant depreciation'. The results support the hypothesis that a high degree of heterogeneity at the nano-scale is associated with poor mechanical durability in these model adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Ye
- Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Lim SB, Jeong SY, Choi HS, Sohn DK, Hong CW, Jung KH, Chang HJ, Park JG, Choi IJ, Kim CG. Synchronous gastric cancer in primary sporadic colorectal cancer patients in Korea. Int J Colorectal Dis 2008; 23:61-5. [PMID: 17724601 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-007-0366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colorectal cancer has been reported to be the malignancy most frequently associated with gastric cancer in Korea. The aim of this study was to define the frequency and clinical characteristics of synchronous gastric cancer detected at preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in colorectal cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study analyzed the EGD results from 1,542 consecutive colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgery from January 2003 to December 2005 at the Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea. RESULTS Of the 1,542 cases, 1,155 (74.9%) underwent EGD at our center and 387 underwent EGD at other hospitals within 6 months before surgery. Of the 1,542 cases, synchronous gastric cancers were detected in 31 cases (2.0%). Of these 31 cases, 26 had early gastric cancer (EGC; 83.9%) and 5 had advanced gastric cancer. Ten (38.5%) of the 26 EGC cases were managed using endoscopic mucosal resection. Compared to colorectal cancer patients without synchronous gastric cancer, the group of patients with synchronous gastric cancer was older (65.5+/-9.6 vs 58.4+/-11.3 years, p=0.001) and had a greater proportion of males (77.4 vs 59.4%, p=0.043). CONCLUSION This study found that 2% of Korean sporadic colorectal cancer patients had synchronous gastric cancer. A preoperative EGD for colorectal cancer patients is likely to greatly assist in the diagnosis of synchronous gastric cancer at an early stage and the implementation of appropriate minimally invasive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Lim
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Korea
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Lim HS, Yoon W, Chung TW, Kim JK, Park JG, Kang HK, Bom HS, Yoon JH. FDG PET/CT for the Detection and Evaluation of Breast Diseases: Usefulness and Limitations. Radiographics 2007; 27 Suppl 1:S197-213. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.27si075507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Linding R, Jensen LJ, Ostheimer GJ, van Vugt MA, Jørgensen C, Miron IM, Diella F, Colwill K, Taylor L, Elder K, Metalnikov P, Nguyen V, Pasculescu A, Jin J, Park JG, Samson LD, Woodgett JR, Russell RB, Bork P, Yaffe MB, Pawson T. Systematic discovery of in vivo phosphorylation networks. Cell 2007; 129:1415-26. [PMID: 17570479 PMCID: PMC2692296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases control cellular decision processes by phosphorylating specific substrates. Thousands of in vivo phosphorylation sites have been identified, mostly by proteome-wide mapping. However, systematically matching these sites to specific kinases is presently infeasible, due to limited specificity of consensus motifs, and the influence of contextual factors, such as protein scaffolds, localization, and expression, on cellular substrate specificity. We have developed an approach (NetworKIN) that augments motif-based predictions with the network context of kinases and phosphoproteins. The latter provides 60%-80% of the computational capability to assign in vivo substrate specificity. NetworKIN pinpoints kinases responsible for specific phosphorylations and yields a 2.5-fold improvement in the accuracy with which phosphorylation networks can be constructed. Applying this approach to DNA damage signaling, we show that 53BP1 and Rad50 are phosphorylated by CDK1 and ATM, respectively. We describe a scalable strategy to evaluate predictions, which suggests that BCLAF1 is a GSK-3 substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Linding
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | | | - Gerard J. Ostheimer
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Marcel A.T.M. van Vugt
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claus Jørgensen
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ioana M. Miron
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Karen Colwill
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lorne Taylor
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kelly Elder
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pavel Metalnikov
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vivian Nguyen
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adrian Pasculescu
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jing Jin
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jin Gyoon Park
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leona D. Samson
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - James R. Woodgett
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Peer Bork
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael B. Yaffe
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tony Pawson
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
Pathologic gambling is an impulse control disorder previously reported to complicate dopamine agonist therapy in patients with Parkinson disease. It has not been described in association with dopamine agonist therapy of other conditions. We report three patients treated in our sleep disorders center who developed pathologic gambling while receiving treatment with dopamine agonists for restless legs syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tippmann-Peikert
- Mayo Clinic Sleep Disorders Center, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Lim HS, Jeong YY, Kang HK, Kim JK, Park JG. Imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006; 187:W341-9. [PMID: 16985104 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.04.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this pictorial essay is to show the imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency thermal ablation on CT, MRI, and contrast-enhanced sonography and to describe the advantages and limitations of each imaging technique in evaluating the therapeutic effect on HCC. CONCLUSION CT is the standard imaging technique for monitoring the effectiveness of TACE and radiofrequency ablation. Contrast-enhanced sonography and MRI can complement CT in evaluating the therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsim-ri, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do 519-809, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsim-ri, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do 519-809, Korea.
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Lee SW, Kim B, Lee DS, Lee HJ, Park JG, Ahn SJ, Campbell EEB, Park YW. Fabrication and mechanical properties of suspended one-dimensional polymer nanostructures: polypyrrole nanotube and helical polyacetylene nanofibre. Nanotechnology 2006; 17:992-996. [PMID: 21727371 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/4/025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of suspended quasi-one-dimensional polymer nanostructures were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A recently developed new acid-free etch method combined with electron beam lithography was used to fabricate suspended polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes and helical polyacetylene (HPA) nanofibres. The elastic modulus of each suspended structure was obtained by AFM force-distance measurements. The estimated modulus value of the PPy nanotube (HPA nanofibre) was 0.96 GPa (0.5 GPa). Using this acid-free method, all-organic flexible NEMS devices can be fabricated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lee
- School of Physics and Nano Systems Institute, National Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea. Department of Physics, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Abstract
Nonsurgical treatment has become the standard of care in hemodynamically stable patients with blunt liver trauma. The use of helical computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis and management of blunt liver trauma is mainly responsible for the notable shift during the past decade from routine surgical to nonsurgical management of blunt liver injuries. CT is the diagnostic modality of choice for the evaluation of blunt liver trauma in hemodynamically stable patients and can accurately help identify hepatic parenchymal injuries, help quantify the degree of hemoperitoneum, and reveal associated injuries in other abdominal organs, retroperitoneal structures, and the gastrointestinal tract. The CT features of blunt liver trauma include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal hematomas, active hemorrhage, juxtahepatic venous injuries, periportal low attenuation, and a flat inferior vena cava. It is important that radiologists be familiar with the liver injury grading system based on these CT features that was established by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. CT is also useful in the assessment of delayed complications in blunt liver trauma, including delayed hemorrhage, hepatic or perihepatic abscess, posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm and hemobilia, and biliary complications such as biloma and bile peritonitis. Follow-up CT is needed in patients with high-grade liver injuries to identify potential complications that require early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 8 Hak-dong, Dong-Ku, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
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Abstract
Coarctation of the aorta is a relatively common congenital condition. Most infantile presentations of aortic coarctation are related to the associated congenital cardiac abnormalities leading to congestive heart failure or systemic hypoperfusion. We describe a 4-month-old infant who presented with stridor as the sole manifestation of coarctation. Radiologic studies revealed enlarged innominate artery due to the aortic coarctation that resulted in tracheal compression. After surgical correction, respiratory signs and symptoms completely resolved. This case report describes a unique cause of stridor in newborn infants and discusses the potential for vascular anomalies to result in tracheal narrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - M E Wylam
- Division of Adult and Pediatric Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA.
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Lee IK, Kim YM, Kim J, Shin SS, Yoon W, Cho CK, Kim JK, Park JG, Kang HK. Superselective Transarterial Embolization for the Management of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3348/jkrs.2006.54.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Choi JA, Lee GK, Kong KY, Hong SH, Suh JS, Ahn JM, Lee YJ, Cho KH, Park JG, Choi JY, Kang HS. Imaging findings of Kimura's disease in the soft tissue of the upper extremity. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184:193-9. [PMID: 15615973 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.184.1.01840193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to describe the imaging findings of Kimura's disease in the soft tissue of the upper extremity. CONCLUSION Kimura's disease should be considered as a possible diagnosis when a partially or poorly defined subcutaneous mass of high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images with homogeneous enhancement, surrounding subcutaneous edema, and internal flow voids is seen in the medial epitrochlear region in an Asian person, especially if accompanied by peripheral eosinophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Choi
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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Sung MS, Lee GK, Kang HS, Kwon ST, Park JG, Suh JS, Cho GH, Lee SM, Chung MH, Resnick D. Sacrococcygeal chordoma: MR imaging in 30 patients. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34:87-94. [PMID: 15480648 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2004] [Revised: 06/17/2004] [Accepted: 07/16/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate MR imaging of sacrococcygeal chordoma. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Thirty patients (age range 22-80 years) underwent MR imaging for the diagnosis and preoperative evaluation of sacrococcygeal chordomas. Eight patients had follow-up MR examination after treatment. The MR images were performed with T1- and T2-weighted imaging, and gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced imaging. The MR images were analyzed for the signal intensity, enhancing pattern, tumor size, growth pattern of the soft tissue component, and tumor extension. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS T1-weighted images showed low signal masses with foci of high signal intensity in 73% of cases. Tumors enhanced in a variety of patterns after the administration of Gd. Soft tissue masses extending anteriorly were seen in all cases with posterior extension in 77% of cases. The posterior masses involved the surrounding muscles and extended toward the greater sciatic notch, appearing with pseudopodia (87%). Sacroiliac joints were involved in 23% of cases. Four lesions showed intraspinal extension and involvement of the posterior spinal muscles above the level of bony involvement. In 6 patients recurrent tumors were found at or around the surgical margin of the tumor 6 months to 5 years after resection of the sacral tumor. In two of the patients, nodular metastases to the pelvic bones and femur were found 1-4 years after initial examination. In conclusion, MR imaging is useful in the diagnosis and preoperative assessment of sacrococcygeal chordoma. Characteristic findings included sacral mass with heterogeneously high signal intensity with crisscrossing septa on long-repetition-time imaging, well-encapsulated pseudopodia-like or lobulated appearance, and gluteal muscle infiltration. Follow-up MR imaging is helpful to assess for recurrent or metastatic lesions of chordomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Sook Sung
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Holy Family Hospital, Sosa-dong, Pucheon, Kyunggi-do 420-717, Korea.
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Yoon W, Kim JK, Jeong YY, Seo JJ, Park JG, Kang HK. Pelvic Arterial Hemorrhage in Patients with Pelvic Fractures: Detection with Contrast-enhanced CT. Radiographics 2004; 24:1591-605; discussion 1605-6. [PMID: 15537967 DOI: 10.1148/rg.246045028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Arterial hemorrhage is one of the most serious problems associated with pelvic fractures, and it remains the leading cause of death attributable to pelvic fracture. At many trauma centers, contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for initial diagnosis in the evaluation of patients with pelvic fractures. Extravasation of contrast material in the pelvis at contrast-enhanced CT is an accurate indicator of ongoing arterial hemorrhage in patients with pelvic fractures. Detection of such extravasation on CT scans can lead to prompt performance of angiographic embolization, which can be lifesaving. Furthermore, the site of contrast material extravasation seen at CT corresponds well to the site of bleeding seen at angiography. This correspondence enables the interventional radiologist to selectively study the arteries most likely to be injured and therefore potentially reduce the patient's morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the relevant pelvic anatomy, including the osseous, ligamentous, and especially axial vascular anatomy, is essential for understanding the relationship between a site of contrast material extravasation at CT and the specific injured artery visualized at angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Yoon
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 8 Hak-dong, Dong-Ku, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
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Zhou QL, Park JG, Jiang ZY, Holik JJ, Mitra P, Semiz S, Guilherme A, Powelka AM, Tang X, Virbasius J, Czech MP. Analysis of insulin signalling by RNAi-based gene silencing. Biochem Soc Trans 2004; 32:817-21. [PMID: 15494023 DOI: 10.1042/bst0320817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Using siRNA-mediated gene silencing in cultured adipocytes, we have dissected the insulin-signalling pathway leading to translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. RNAi (RNA interference)-based depletion of components in the putative TC10 pathway (CAP, CrkII and c-Cbl plus Cbl-b) or the phospholipase Cγ pathway failed to diminish insulin signalling to GLUT4. Within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, loss of the 5′-phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate phosphatase SHIP2 was also without effect, whereas depletion of the 3′-phosphatase PTEN significantly enhanced insulin action. Downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and PDK1, silencing the genes encoding the protein kinases Akt1/PKBα, or CISK(SGK3) or protein kinases Cλ/ζ had little or no effect, but loss of Akt2/PKBβ significantly attenuated GLUT4 regulation by insulin. These results show that Akt2/PKBβ is the key downstream intermediate within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway linked to insulin action on GLUT4 in cultured adipocytes, whereas PTEN is a potent negative regulator of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Zhou
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Yoon W, Seo JJ, Kim JK, Cho KH, Park JG, Kang HK. Contrast enhancement and contrast extravasation on computed tomography after intra-arterial thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2004; 35:876-81. [PMID: 14988575 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000120726.69501.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The goal of this study was to determine the CT findings and clinical consequences of contrast enhancement and contrast extravasation on CT scans obtained after intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Sixty-two patients were treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis. All patients underwent nonenhanced CT scans immediately and 24 hours after thrombolytic therapy. Contrast enhancement was defined as a hyperdense lesion that disappeared on a 24-hour follow-up CT scan. Contrast extravasation was defined as a hyperdense lesion with maximum Hounsfield unit >90 that persisted on a follow-up CT scan. We evaluated the differences in the clinical and radiological data between 3 groups: contrast enhancement, contrast extravasation, and control groups. RESULTS Contrast enhancement was found in 14 of 62 patients (22.6%); contrast extravasation was seen in 7 (11.3%). Compared with the control group, the contrast enhancement group had a lower recanalization grade (64.3% versus 34.1%, P=0.048) and a lower incidence of hemorrhagic transformation (14.3% versus 43.9%, P=0.047). The contrast extravasation group had a higher incidence of both hemorrhage (100% versus 43.9%, P=0.006) and symptomatic hemorrhage (100% versus 14.6%, P<0.001) than the control group. Poor outcomes were more frequent in the contrast extravasation group (100% versus 38.9%, P=0.003) than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Contrast enhancement on CT scans obtained after intra-arterial thrombolysis is usually not associated with hemorrhagic complications. However, contrast extravasation is highly associated with parenchymatous hematoma and should be considered a negative prognostic sign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 8 Hak-1-Dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, South Korea.
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Jeong YY, Kang HK, Park JG, Choi HS. CT features of uterine torsion. Eur Radiol 2003; 13 Suppl 4:L249-50. [PMID: 15018200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is one of the most frequent causes of death in women. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are the primary modalities for follow-up of treated cervical carcinoma. A normal vaginal cuff after hysterectomy appears as a smooth, low-signal-intensity muscular wall on T2-weighted MR images. Early (2-3 months after treatment) and significant decreases in the signal intensity and volume of the tumor at MR imaging indicate a good response to radiation therapy. Sites of recurrence are the pelvis, lymph nodes, and distant sites. Pelvic recurrence appears as a heterogeneously enhancing mass at contrast material-enhanced CT and often appears as a heterogeneous, high-signal-intensity mass at T2-weighted MR imaging. Lymph node recurrence ranges from scattered, minimally enlarged nodes to large, conglomerate nodal masses. Determination of neoplastic infiltration of lymph nodes is based on size; most researchers consider nodes greater than 1 cm in short-axis diameter to be metastatic. Distant metastases are usually due to recurrent disease and occur in the abdomen, thorax, and bone. Knowledge of the normal therapeutic changes and the spectrum of recurrent tumor in patients with cervical carcinoma is important for accurate interpretation of follow-up CT and MR images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 8 Hack-Dong, Dong-Ku, Gwang-Ju 501-757, Korea.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of chest computed tomography (CT) in the prediction of a nonbronchial systemic arterial supply in patients with massive hemoptysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty consecutive patients with massive hemoptysis underwent contrast material-enhanced CT. Massive hemoptysis was defined as the expectoration of 300-600 mL of blood per day. Two CT features were considered to be suggestive of a nonbronchial systemic arterial supply: (a) pleural thickness of more than 3 mm adjacent to the parenchymal lesion and (b) enhancing vascular structures within the extrapleural fat layer. Conventional angiography was used as the standard of reference. CT scans were evaluated by two radiologists in consensus. The CT findings were compared with those of conventional angiography. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and accuracy of CT for predicting the presence of a nonbronchial systemic arterial supply were assessed. RESULTS In the determination of a nonbronchial systemic arterial supply, CT had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 84%, positive predictive value of 73%, negative predictive value of 91%, and accuracy of 84%. Sensitivity was highest for predicting the branches of subclavian and axillary arterial supply and was lowest for predicting the internal mammary arterial supply. Specificity and accuracy were highest for predicting the intercostal arterial supply. CONCLUSION CT demonstrates acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the prediction of a nonbronchial systemic arterial supply in patients with massive hemoptysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Yoon
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 8 Hak-1-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Jeong Jin Seo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Jea Kyu Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Tae Woong Chung
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Jin Gyoon Park
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
| | - Heoung Keun Kang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital
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Thomas CF, Park JG, Limper AH, Puri V. Analysis of a pheromone receptor and MAP kinase suggest a sexual replicative cycle in Pneumocystis carinii. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2002; Suppl:141S. [PMID: 11906031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C F Thomas
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Kang HK, Jeong YY, Choi JH, Choi S, Chung TW, Seo JJ, Kim JK, Yoon W, Park JG. Three-dimensional multi-detector row CT portal venography in the evaluation of portosystemic collateral vessels in liver cirrhosis. Radiographics 2002; 22:1053-61. [PMID: 12235335 DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.22.5.g02se011053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) offers distinct advantages over traditional spiral CT. Multi-detector row CT scanners are faster and allow thinner collimation than single-detector row spiral CT scanners. The use of multi-detector row CT combined with postprocessing of the imaging data with a variety of three-dimensional reformatting techniques (eg, maximum intensity projection, shaded surface display, volume rendering) allows creation of vascular maps whose quality equals or exceeds that of maps created at classic angiography for many applications. Three-dimensional multi-detector row CT portal venography can help determine the extent and location of portosystemic collateral vessels (eg, left gastric vein, short gastric vein, esophageal and paraesophageal varices, splenorenal and gastrorenal shunts, paraumbilical and abdominal wall veins) in patients with liver cirrhosis and is probably the optimal imaging technique in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heoung Keun Kang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 8 Hack-Dong, Dong-Ku, Gwang-Ju 501-757, Korea
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Abstract
To determine the relationship between the mutation of the PTEN gene and genomic instability in human colorectal cancer, we screened the PTEN gene in 32 colorectal cancers (eight cell lines and 24 tissues) displaying microsatellite instability (MSI) and 32 colorectal cancers (six cell lines and 26 tissues) displaying microsatellite stability (MSS). Of 64 samples, six frameshift mutations were identified in six MSI colorectal cancers (two cell lines and four tumor tissues) but not in MSS colorectal cancers. Of the six MSI colorectal cancers containing PTEN mutation, two case (one cell line and one tumor tissue) showed biallelic mutation of PTEN. Furthermore, to compare the frequency of PTEN mutation with that of other MSI target genes, the mononucleotide repeat sequences of TGF-betaRII, BAX, IGFIIR, hMSH6 and hMSH3 were analyzed. The frequencies of frameshift mutation were revealed 78% in TGF-betaRII, 56% in BAX, 46.9% in hMSH3, 37.5% in hMSH6, 21.9% in IGFIIR, and 18.8% in PTEN. These results suggest that the PTEN gene is a target of genomic instability in MSI colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Shin
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
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