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Loewe C, Pflaum J, Wanke EM, Erbe C, Holzgreve F, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Association between constitution, axiography, orthodontic cast analysis, and upper body posture in women aged 31 to 40 years. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05030-1. [PMID: 37126145 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whether it is primarily the spine that reacts with pain to the negative consequences of everyday stress and possibly the temporomandibular system as a result (ascending chain), or whether incorrect stress in the dental area has an influence on body geometry (descending chain), is still a controversially discussed topic. The aim of this study is to investigate possible relationships between constitutional, axiographic, and dental parameters with upper body posture. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 106 subjectively healthy women between 31 and 40 years of age voluntarily participated in this study. Data collection was done by filling out a questionnaire with constitutional and anamnestic parameters and by evaluating orthodontic casts, axiographic measurements, and video raster stereographic measurements. These data were analyzed using correlations and group comparisons, with the significance level set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Positive correlations were shown between the constitutional factors of body weight and BMI and the lumbar bending angle (p = 0.01), the kyphosis angle (p = 0.001), and lordosis angle (weight p = 0.05; BMI p = 0.03). In the cast analysis, regardless of the direction of the midline shift (left/right/none), a left lateral tilt can be seen which is greatest at 2.12° with a left midline shift. In addition, the elevated pelvic side correlates with the side of the displacement of the jaw, with the stronger manifestation being on the left side. With a vertical anterior bite in the normal range, the kyphosis angle is 48.09°, while with a deep bite, it is 60.92°, and with an open bite, it is 62.47°; thus, the group in the normal range differs significantly (p = 0.01) from the other two. The greater the protrusion, the smaller the sagittal plane angles (kyphosis angle, lumbar bending angle, each p = 0.03), and the more dorsal the posture (p = 0.04). The lordosis angle differs significantly (p = 0.001) between the group of subjects with a protrusion in the normal range (52.34°) and the group with an increased advancement of the mandible (41.79°). CONCLUSION There is a correlation between body weight, BMI, midline shift, and protrusion, as well as the vertical anterior step and upper body posture in women between 31 and 40 years of age. Interdisciplinary functional examinations of the temporomandibular musculature, and also sustained orthodontic treatment, can contribute to an improvement in upper body posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loewe
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - E M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - C Erbe
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - F Holzgreve
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt Am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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Ohlendorf D, Avaniadi I, Adjami F, Christian W, Doerry C, Fay V, Fisch V, Gerez A, Goecke J, Kaya U, Keller J, Krüger D, Pflaum J, Porsch L, Loewe C, Scharnweber B, Sosnov P, Wanke EM, Oremek G, Ackermann H, Holzgreve F, Keil F, Groneberg DA, Maurer-Grubinger C. Standard values of the upper body posture in healthy adults with special regard to age, sex and BMI. Sci Rep 2023; 13:873. [PMID: 36650216 PMCID: PMC9845304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27976-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to classify and analyze the parameters of upper body posture in clinical or physiotherapeutic settings, a baseline in the form of standard values with special regard to age, sex and BMI is required. Thus, subjectively healthy men and women aged 21-60 years were measured in this project. The postural parameters of 800 symptom-free male (n = 397) and female (n = 407) volunteers aged 21-60 years (Ø♀: 39.7 ± 11.6, Ø ♂: 40.7 ± 11.5 y) were studied. The mean height of the men was 1.8 ± 0.07 m, with a mean body weight of 84.8 ± 13.1 kg and an average BMI of 26.0 ± 3.534 kg/m2. In contrast, the mean height of the women was 1.67 ± 0.06 m, with a mean body weight of 66.5 ± 12.7 kg and an average BMI of 23.9 ± 4.6 kg/m2. By means of video rasterstereography, a 3-dimensional scan of the upper back surface was measured when in a habitual standing position. The means or medians, confidence intervals, tolerance ranges, the minimum, 2.5, 25, 50, 75, 97.5 percentiles and the maximum, plus the kurtosis and skewness of the distribution, were calculated for all parameters. Additionally, ANOVA and a factor analyses (sex, BMI, age) were conducted. In both sexes across all age groups, balanced, symmetrical upper body statics were evident. Most strikingly, the females showed greater thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles (kyphosis: Ø ♀ 56°, Ø♂ 51°; lordosis: Ø ♀ 49°, Ø♂ 32°) and lumbar bending angles (Ø ♀ 14°, Ø♂ 11°) than the males. The distance between the scapulae was more pronounced in men. These parameters also show an increase with age and BMI, respectively. Pelvic parameters were independent of age and sex. The upper body postures of women and men between the ages of 21 and 60 years were found to be almost symmetrical and axis-conforming with a positive correlation for BMI or age. Consequently, the present body posture parameters allow for comparisons with other studies, as well as for the evaluation of clinical (interim) diagnostics and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - I Avaniadi
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - W Christian
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fay
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Goecke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - U Kaya
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Keller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Krüger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Loewe
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Scharnweber
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - P Sosnov
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - E M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - G Oremek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - H Ackermann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Holzgreve
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Keil
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Maurer-Grubinger C, Adjami F, Avaniadi I, Christian W, Doerry C, Fay V, Fisch V, Gerez A, Goecke J, Kaya U, Keller J, Krüger D, Pflaum J, Porsch L, Wischnewski C, Scharnweber B, Sosnov P, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Symmetrical dental occlusion blocking - changes of body sway and weight distribution in healthy subjects across 4 age decades. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:7. [PMID: 33639978 PMCID: PMC7912460 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Symmetrical dental occlusion blocking is used in dentistry as a quick diagnostic tool to test for potential influences of the craniomandibular system on body sway and weight distribution. This study presents the changes of body sway and pressure distribution in healthy subjects, free of a temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Immediate effects between occlusal blocking and rest position on body sway and body weight distribution in general, as well as for both genders and for four age decades will be evaluated. Materials and methods 725 (396f/329 m) subjects (neither subjective signs of TMD nor acute/chronic complaints in the musculoskeletal system) volunteered (21 to 60 years) while both genders were divided into four age groups according to decades. A pressure measuring platform was used. Body sway and weight distribution were recorded in two dental occlusion conditions (a) in rest position and (b) symmetrical blocking (bicuspid region) by cotton rolls. Results Both, the frontal sway and the sagittal sway reduced by 0.67 mm (t(724) = − 3.9 (p < 0.001)) and by 0.33 mm (t(724) = − 3.4 (p < 0.001)). The relative pressure under the left forefoot increased by 0.33% (t(724) = 2.88 (p < 0.001)) and the relative pressure overall under the forefoot increased by 0.67% (t(724) = − 3.4 (p < 0.001)). Gender-specific, age-specific and BMI-specific reactions could not be identified. Conclusions Subjects, free of any TMD and with no complaints of the musculoskeletal system, show small changes of the body sway and weight distribution when biting symmetrically on a cotton roll. These changes are independent of age, gender or body mass index (BMI). Due to the relative large sample size, the presented results can also be seen as norm values when body sway is used as an additional assessment of a TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - I Avaniadi
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - W Christian
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fay
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Goecke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - U Kaya
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Keller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Krüger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Wischnewski
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Scharnweber
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - P Sosnov
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - G Oremek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Maurer-Grubinger C, Avaniadi I, Adjami F, Christian W, Doerry C, Fay V, Fisch V, Gerez A, Goecke J, Kaya U, Keller J, Krüger D, Pflaum J, Porsch L, Wischnewski C, Scharnweber B, Sosnov P, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Systematic changes of the static upper body posture with a symmetric occlusion condition. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:636. [PMID: 32979920 PMCID: PMC7520031 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temporary occlusal changes and their influence on the upper body statics are still controversially discussed. Furthermore, concrete statements on whether age- or gender-specific differences in neurophysiological reactions exist are missing. Therefore, it is the aim of this study to evaluate the immediate effects of a symmetrical occlusion blocking on the upper body posture. These effects shall be investigated for both genders and for a larger age range. Methods In this study, 800 (407f/393 m) subjects volunteered aged from 21 to 60 years. Both genders were divided into four age groups according to decades. The three-dimensional upper body posture was measured by using the rasterstereography (ABW-Bodymapper). The habitual static posture was measured in two dental occlusion conditions (a) in rest position and (b) symmetrical blocking in the bicuspid region by cotton rolls. Results A significant reduction of the trunk length (0.72 mm; p < 0.001), an increase of the lumbar (0.30°; p < 0.001) and the thoracic bending angle (0.14°; p = 0.001), a reduction of the spinal forward decline (0.16°; p < 0.001) and a reduction of the scapular distance (0.36 mm; p = 0.001) was found. Gender-specific reactions can only be recorded in scapular distance, in that regard men reduce this distance while over all age groups women did not show a significant change. Discussion Slight gender- and age-independent reactions due to a symmetric occlusion blockade are shown: A gender independent reaction of the spinal related variables in the sagittal plane (thoracic and lumbar flexion angle, trunk length, spinal forward decline). In addition, a gender specific change of the shoulder blade distance could be observed, where men reduced the distance while female did not show a change. However, since these reactions are of a minimum amount, it can be concluded that neurophysiological compensation mechanisms work equally well regardless of age and sex, and the upper body posture of healthy people changes only very slightly due to a temporarily symmetrical altered bite position.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - I Avaniadi
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - W Christian
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fay
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Goecke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - U Kaya
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Keller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Krüger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Wischnewski
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Scharnweber
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - P Sosnov
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - G Oremek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Fuchs F, Stender B, Trupke M, Simin D, Pflaum J, Dyakonov V, Astakhov GV. Engineering near-infrared single-photon emitters with optically active spins in ultrapure silicon carbide. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7578. [PMID: 26151881 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacancy-related centres in silicon carbide are attracting growing attention because of their appealing optical and spin properties. These atomic-scale defects can be created using electron or neutron irradiation; however, their precise engineering has not been demonstrated yet. Here, silicon vacancies are generated in a nuclear reactor and their density is controlled over eight orders of magnitude within an accuracy down to a single vacancy level. An isolated silicon vacancy serves as a near-infrared photostable single-photon emitter, operating even at room temperature. The vacancy spins can be manipulated using an optically detected magnetic resonance technique, and we determine the transition rates and absorption cross-section, describing the intensity-dependent photophysics of these emitters. The on-demand engineering of optically active spins in technologically friendly materials is a crucial step toward implementation of both maser amplifiers, requiring high-density spin ensembles, and qubits based on single spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fuchs
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - B Stender
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - M Trupke
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Wien 1020, Austria
| | - D Simin
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany.,Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - V Dyakonov
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany.,Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - G V Astakhov
- Experimental Physics VI, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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Abstract
p53 is an important tumor suppressor gene, which is stimulated by cellular stress like ionizing radiation, hypoxia, carcinogens, and oxidative stress. Upon activation, p53 leads to cell-cycle arrest and promotes DNA repair or induces apoptosis via several pathways. p63 and p73 are structural homologs of p53 that can act similarly to the protein and also hold functions distinct from p53. Today more than 40 different isoforms of the p53 family members are known. They result from transcription via different promoters and alternative splicing. Some isoforms have carcinogenic properties and mediate resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, expression patterns of the p53 family genes can offer prognostic information in several malignant tumors. Furthermore, the p53 family constitutes a potential target for cancer therapy. Small molecules (e.g., Nutlins, RITA, PRIMA-1, and MIRA-1 among others) have been objects of intense research interest in recent years. They restore pro-apoptotic wild-type p53 function and were shown to break chemotherapeutic resistance. Due to p53 family interactions small molecules also influence p63 and p73 activity. Thus, the members of the p53 family are key players in the cellular stress response in cancer and are expected to grow in importance as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pflaum
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Sophie Schlosser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Martina Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
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Braach N, Frommhold D, Buschmann K, Pflaum J, Koch L, Hudalla H, Staudacher K, Wang H, Isermann B, Nawroth P, Poeschl J. RAGE controls activation and anti-inflammatory signalling of protein C. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89422. [PMID: 24586767 PMCID: PMC3933550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, RAGE, is a multiligand receptor and NF-κB activator leading to perpetuation of inflammation. We investigated whether and how RAGE is involved in mediation of anti-inflammatory properties of protein C. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed the effect of protein C on leukocyte adhesion and transmigration in WT- and RAGE-deficient mice using intravital microscopy of cremaster muscle venules during trauma- and TNFα-induced inflammation. Both, protein C (PC, Ceprotin, 100 U/kg) and activated protein C (aPC, 24 µg/kg/h) treatment significantly inhibited leukocyte adhesion in WT mice in these inflammation models. The impaired leukocyte adhesion after trauma-induced inflammation in RAGE knockout mice could not be further reduced by PC and aPC. After TNFα-stimulation, however, aPC but not PC treatment effectively blocked leukocyte adhesion in these mice. Consequently, we asked whether RAGE is involved in PC activation. Since RAGE-deficient mice and endothelial cells showed insufficient PC activation, and since thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) are reduced on the mRNA and protein level in RAGE deficient endothelial cells, an involvement of RAGE in TM-EPCR-dependent PC activation is likely. Moreover, TNFα-induced activation of MAPK and upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are reduced both in response to aPC treatment and in the absence of RAGE. Thus, there seems to be interplay of the RAGE and the PC pathway in inflammation. CONCLUSION RAGE controls anti-inflammatory properties and activation of PC, which might involve EPCR and TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Braach
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Frommhold
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Buschmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Pflaum
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Koch
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Staudacher
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Poeschl
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Frommhold D, Tschada J, Braach N, Buschmann K, Doerner A, Pflaum J, Stahl MS, Wang H, Koch L, Sperandio M, Bierhaus A, Isermann B, Poeschl J. Protein C concentrate controls leukocyte recruitment during inflammation and improves survival during endotoxemia after efficient in vivo activation. Am J Pathol 2011; 179:2637-50. [PMID: 21907691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory properties of protein C (PC) concentrate are poorly studied compared to activated protein C, although PC is suggested to be safer in clinical use. We investigated how PC interferes with the leukocyte recruitment cascade during acute inflammation and its efficacy during murine endotoxemia. We found that similar to activated protein infusion, intravenous PC application reduced leukocyte recruitment in inflamed tissues in a dose- and time-dependent manner. During both tumor necrosis factor-α induced and trauma-induced inflammation of the cremaster muscle, intravital microscopy revealed that leukocyte adhesion and transmigration, but not rolling, were profoundly inhibited by 100 U/kg PC. Moreover, PC blocked leukocyte emigration into the bronchoalveolar space during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury. PC was efficiently activated in a murine endotoxemia model, which reduced leukocyte infiltration of organs and strongly improved survival (75% versus 25% of control mice). Dependent on the inflammatory model, PC provoked a significant inhibition of leukocyte recruitment as early as 1 hour after administration. PC-induced inhibition of leukocyte recruitment during acute inflammation critically involves thrombomodulin-mediated PC activation, subsequent endothelial PC receptor and protease-activated receptor-1-dependent signaling, and down-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 leading to reduced endothelial inflammatory response. We conclude that during acute inflammation and sepsis, PC is a fast acting and effective therapeutic approach to block leukocyte recruitment and improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Frommhold
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Ferucci ED, Donnithorne KJ, Koller KR, Swango-Wilson A, Pflaum J, Lanier AP. Performance on rheumatoid arthritis quality indicators in an Alaska Native healthcare system. BMJ Qual Saf 2010; 19:387-91. [DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2008.030940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gompf B, Faltermeier D, Redling C, Dressel M, Pflaum J. Tetracene film morphology: comparative atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and ellipsometry investigations. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2008; 27:421-424. [PMID: 19104858 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2008-10405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used to study tetracene thin films as a function of deposition rate. A comparative analysis of the thickness and roughness values allows for detailed modelling of the film morphology. An interdigitated growth mode is established for the coexisting thin film and bulk phases. By comparison with the respective quinone-derivative of tetracene, we were additionally able to identify reaction products by their optical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gompf
- 1. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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11
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Dressel M, Gompf B, Faltermeier D, Tripathi AK, Pflaum J, Schubert M. Kramers-Kronig-consistent optical functions of anisotropic crystals: generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry on pentacene. Opt Express 2008; 16:19770-8. [PMID: 19030062 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.019770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Kramers-Kronig relations between the real and imaginary parts of a response function are widely used in solid-state physics to evaluate the corresponding quantity if only one component is measured. They are among the most fundamental statements since only based on the analytical behavior and causal nature of the material response [Phys. Rev. 104, 1760-1770 (1956)]. Optical losses, for instance, can be obtained from the dispersion of the dielectric constant at all wavelengths, and vice versa [Handbook of optical constants of solids, Vol. 1, p. 35]. Although the general validity was never casted into doubt, it is a longstanding problem that Kramers-Kronig relations cannot simply be applied to anisotropic crystalline materials because contributions from different directions mix in a frequency-dependent way. Here we present a general method to identify frequency-independent principal polarizability directions for which the Kramers-Kronig relations are obeyed even in materials with lowest symmetry. Using generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry on a single crystal surface of triclinic pentacene, as an example, enables us to evaluate the complex dielectric constant and to compare it with band-structure calculations along the crystallographic directions. A general recipe is provided how to proceed from a macroscopic measurement on a low symmetry crystal plane to the microscopic dielectric properties of the unit cell, along whose axes the Kramers-Kronig relations hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dressel
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Gompf B, Beister J, Brandt T, Pflaum J, Dressel M. Nanometer-thick Au-films as antireflection coating for infrared light. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1578-80. [PMID: 17546194 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of ultrathin Au films on silicon have been studied in the infrared over a wide frequency range from 200 to 10,000 cm(-1). Thick films show a Drude behavior; i.e., with increasing frequency the transmission increases; for films below the percolation threshold at about 5 nm a negative slope for the frequency-dependent transmission is observed. When the thickness is further reduced, between 1 and 3 nm an anomaly occurs: the relative transmission reaches maximum values above 100% compared with the bare substrate, indicating an antireflection coating of nanometer thickness for light of 5 microm wavelength. This anomaly can be explained in the framework of effective-medium theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gompf
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Kowarik S, Gerlach A, Sellner S, Schreiber F, Pflaum J, Cavalcanti L, Konovalov O. Anomalous roughness evolution of rubrene thin films observed in real time during growth. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1834-6. [PMID: 16633669 DOI: 10.1039/b517866e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the growth and structure of thin films of the organic semiconductor rubrene during organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) on silicon oxide in situ and in real time using X-ray scattering. Using in situ grazing incidence diffraction (GID) we find a small degree of local order but an otherwise largely disordered structure, consistent with out of plane scans. Monitoring the surface morphology in real time during growth, we find relatively smooth films (surface roughness sigma below approximately 15 A for thicknesses up to at least 600 A) and a significant delay before the onset of roughening. This anomalous roughening in the beginning and crossover to normal roughening later during growth may be related to conformational changes of rubrene in the early stages of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kowarik
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
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Vollmer A, Jurchescu OD, Arfaoui I, Salzmann I, Palstra TTM, Rudolf P, Niemax J, Pflaum J, Rabe JP, Koch N. The effect of oxygen exposure on pentacene electronic structure. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2005; 17:339-43. [PMID: 15968478 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2005-10012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 04/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We use ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the effect of oxygen and air exposure on the electronic structure of pentacene single crystals and thin films. It is found that O(2) and water do not react noticeably with pentacene, whereas singlet oxygen/ozone readily oxidize the organic compound. Also, we obtain no evidence for considerable p-type doping of pentacene by O(2) at low pressure. However, oxygen exposure lowers the hole injection barrier at the interface between Au and pentacene by 0.25 eV, presumably due to a modification of the Au surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vollmer
- Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung m.b.H., Berlin, Germany
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Pflaum J, Sanders N. Health promotion partnerships: service and education addressing the health needs of vulnerable groups. Int J Circumpolar Health 1999; 57 Suppl 1:91-5. [PMID: 10093253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes partnerships between service and education that can assist in meeting the health care needs of vulnerable population groups. Baccalaureate nursing students learn about population-based nursing practice as a means of addressing health needs. Each semester, groups of 8-10 senior students work with a community agency serving a population at risk. Students assess health needs and plan, implement, and evaluate a health promotion intervention with the population and the agency. Emphasis is placed on designing culturally appropriate interventions that are accomplished in partnership with the agency and population. Projects which illustrate the generalizability of this approach will be discussed. Such experiences reduce barriers that separate education from practice. Community agencies benefit as health needs that might not otherwise be met are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pflaum
- University of Alaska Anchorage, USA
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Pflaum J, Morris K, Young D, Sanders N, Predeger B, Littell S. Providing baccalaureate nursing education to remote populations via telecommunications: problems and solutions. Arctic Med Res 1991; Suppl:143-4. [PMID: 1365083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Pflaum
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage
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Arnaudow M, Haage H, Pflaum J. [The doublecontrast-arthrotomography of the temporomandibular joint]. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1968; 23:390-3. [PMID: 5240597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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