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Oros M, Uhrovic D, Choudhury A, Mackiewicz JS, Scholz T. Scolex morphology of monozoic tapeworms (Caryophyllidea) from the Nearctic Region: taxonomic and evolutionary implications. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2020; 67. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2020.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bruňanská M, Matoušková M, Nebesářová J, Mackiewicz JS, Poddubnaya LG. First ultrastructural and cytochemical data on the spermatozoon and its differentiation in progenetic and adult Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Caryophyllaeidae). Parasitol Res 2019; 118:1205-1214. [PMID: 30847613 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Spermiogenesis in progenetic and adult stages of Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878, a tapeworm parasitic in oligochaetes and fish respectively, has been examined using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining for glycogen. General pattern of spermiogenesis is essentially like that of other caryophyllideans, i.e., apical dense material in the zone of differentiation in the early stages of spermiogenesis, rotation of free flagellum and a flagellar bud, and proximo-distal fusion. Interestingly, rotation of a free flagellum and flagellar bud to the median cytoplasmic process (MCP) has been observed unconventionally at > 90° only in progenetic stages. Typical striated roots associated with the centrioles occur rarely in A. sieboldi, and only in form of faint structures in advanced stages of spermiogenesis. In contrast to most caryophyllideans studied to date, penetration of the nucleus into the spermatid body has started before the fusion of the free flagellum with the MCP. This feature has been reported rarely but exclusively in the family Caryophyllaeidae. The unipartite mature spermatozoon of A. sieboldi is composed of one axoneme of the 9 + '1' trepaxonematan pattern with its centriole, parallel nucleus, and parallel cortical microtubules which are situated in a moderately electron-dense cytoplasm with glycogen particles. An unusual arrangement of cortical microtubules in the two parallel rows in region I of the spermatozoon is described here for the first time in the Caryophyllidea. Ultrastructural data on spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon in A. sieboldi from tubuficids and carp are compared and discussed with those in other caryophyllideans and/or Neodermata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaléna Bruňanská
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martina Matoušková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Nebesářová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - John S Mackiewicz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Larisa G Poddubnaya
- I. D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Province, Russia
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Świderski Z, Kacem H, Mackiewicz JS, Miquel J. Functional ultrastructure and cytochemistry of vitellogenesis and mature vitellocytes of the digenean Cainocreadium labracis (Dujardin, 1845), parasite of Dicentrarchus labrax (L., 1758). Parasitol Res 2018; 118:493-504. [PMID: 30588541 PMCID: PMC6349787 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vitellogenesis and vitellocytes of Cainocreadium labracis were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and TEM cytochemistry. Four developmental stages were distinguished during vitellogenesis: (I) stem cell of high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio; (II) early differentiation with chief activity focused on the beginning of protein synthesis and shell globule formation; (III) advanced differentiation with rapid intensification of protein synthesis, progressive fusion of single shell globules into large globule clusters, and formation of unsaturated lipid droplets surrounded by β-glycogen particles; and (IV) mature vitellocyte. Early vitellogenesis with vitellocyte maturation consists of: (1) increase in cell volume; (2) increased development of large, parallel cisternae of GER with production of proteinaceous granules; (3) development of small Golgi complexes that package granules; and (4) within vacuoles, progressive enlargement of proteinaceous granules into shell globule clusters formed during vitellogenesis. Three types of inclusions accumulate in large amounts in mature vitelline cells: (1) shell globule clusters, important component in the formation of egg shell; (2) numerous unsaturated lipid droplets. Though fewer, there are also diphasic droplets consisting of saturated and unsaturated lipids in the same droplet, and (3) a relatively small amount of β-glycogen particles, usually surround a few groups of lipid droplets. The β-glycogen and lipid droplets are nutritive reserves for embryogenesis. General pattern and functional ultrastructure of vitellogenesis greatly resemble those observed in some lower cestodes, such as bothriocephalideans and diphyllobothrideans. Variations and differences in the amount of lipids and of glycogen during vitellogenesis in lower cestodes and other trematodes are compared and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdzisław Świderski
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 51/55 Twarda Street, 00-818, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hichem Kacem
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - John S Mackiewicz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Jordi Miquel
- Secció de Parasitologia, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, sn, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Matoušková M, Bílý T, Bruňanská M, Mackiewicz JS, Nebesářová J. Ultrastructural, cytochemistry and electron tomography analysis of Caryophyllaeides fennica (Schneider, 1902) (Cestoda: Lytocestidae) reveals novel spermatology characteristics in the Eucestoda. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:3091-3102. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bruňanská M, Mackiewicz JS, Poddubnaya LG. Spermatological characteristics of the enigmatic monogenean Dictyocotyle coeliaca Nybelin, 1941 (Monopisthocotylea: Monocotylidae) reveal possible adaptation to endoparasitism. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:110-120. [PMID: 28030332 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spermatological characters of Dictyocotyle coeliaca Nybelin, a unique endoparasitic monogenean from the body cavity of the ray Amblyraja radiata (Elasmobranchii: Rajidae), was investigated by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy for the first time. The process of the spermatozoon formation begins with the appearance of the differentiation zone which contains two centrioles. Subsequently developed two free flagella rotate to lie parallel before their fusing. After fusion, both the mitochondrion and nucleus migrate alongside the axonemes. Spermatids are formed within parallel cytoplasmic canals. During late spermiogenesis, an electron-dense spiral end-piece is formed proximally to the centriolar region of some spermatids. At the end of spermiogenesis, this end-piece is separated by a plasma membrane from the late spermatid and remains in the residual cytoplasm when spermatozoa are released into the testis lumen. The mature spermatozoon of D. coeliaca contains two parallel axonemes with the 9 + "1" trepaxonematan pattern, mitochondrion, nucleus, parallel cortical microtubules, and electron-dense granules. Especially the presence of electron-dense granules, occurring frequenly in the spermatozoa of endoparasitic flatworms, may indicate an adaptation to endoparasitic lifestyle in D. coeliaca. The anterior extremity of the male gamete contains one centriolar derivative, a small component of the second centriolar derivative and anterior extremity of the mitochondrion. The posterior extremity of the mature spematozoon exhibits tubular elements of the disorganized axoneme. Variations of the spermatozoon ultrastructural characters within monocotylid monogeneans and possible evolutionary significance of glycogen in sperm to the endoparasitic habit are discussed.
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Bruňanská M, Drobníková P, Mackiewicz JS, Nebesářová J. Cytocomposition of the vitellarium in Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Lytocestidae): another caryophyllidean species with lamellar bodies and lipids. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:2703-11. [PMID: 23749090 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The vitellarium of the invasive caryophyllidean tapeworm Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935 from carp Cyprinus carpio L. was examined by means of transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining for glycogen with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate (PA-TSC-SP). A vitellarium consists of numerous follicles of irregular size that are interconnected by a net of vitelline ducts. Vitelline follicles are composed of vitelline cells at various stages of development that are interconnected by interstitial tissue. Vitelline follicles are surrounded by a cytoplasmic sheath associated with an intercellular matrix. Extensive development of the granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes are both involved in the production of shell globules/shell globule clusters and characterise cytodifferentiation of vitellocytes. Nuclear and nucleolar transformation lead to the formation and storage of intranuclear glycogen, a feature specific for the Caryophyllidea. Newly observed within the mature vitellocytes of Khawia sp. is the presence of lamellar bodies and a few lipid droplets. These cytoplasmic inclusions first occur in the mature cells within the follicles and persist in the vitelline cells within vitelloducts and intrauterine eggs. Two types of lamellar bodies are detected: regular lamellar-structured body and irregular lamellar-structured body. None of the lamellar bodies are membrane bound. Results of the present study indicate that the formation of lamellar bodies may be closely related to the endoplasmic reticulum or shell globule clusters. Some of the shell globule clusters are transformed into lamellar body clusters. Ultrastructural features of vitellocytes in K. sinensis are compared with those of other monopleuroid, polypleuroid, and strobilated cestodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaléna Bruňanská
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Brunanská M, Mackiewicz JS, Nebesárová J. Vitellogenesis in Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Caryophyllaeidae), an intestinal parasite of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Histol Histopathol 2013; 27:1611-20. [PMID: 23059891 DOI: 10.14670/hh-27.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitellogenesis in the caryophyllidean tapeworm Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878, from carp Cyprinus carpio L. in Slovakia, has been examined using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate (PA-TSC-SP) for glycogen. Vitelline follicles extend in two lateral bands in the medullary parenchyma along both sides of the monozoic body. They are surrounded by an external basal lamina and contain vitellocytes and an interstitial tissue. The general pattern of vitellogenesis is essentially like that of other caryophyllideans. It involves four stages: immature, early maturing, advanced maturing cells and mature vitellocytes. During vitellogenesis, a continuous increase in cell volume is accompanied by an extensive development of cell components engaged in shell globule formation, e.g. granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. Shell globule clusters are membrane-bound. Nuclear and nucleolar transformation are associated with formation and storage of large amounts of intranuclear glycogen, a very specific feature of the Caryophyllidea. For the first time, (a) additional vitelline material in Archigetes is represented by lamellar bodies and (b) lipid droplets are described in the mature vitellocytes from vitelline follicles and vitelloduct of the Caryophyllidea. Our results indicate that there may be a double origin of lamellar bodies: either from the endoplasmic reticulum or through transformation of shell globule/shell globule clusters. Lamellar body clusters and some single lamellar bodies appear to have a membrane. Other ultrastructural features of vitellogenesis and/or vitellocyte in A. sieboldi from its vertebrate (fish) and invertebrate (oligochaete) hosts are briefly compared and contrasted with those in other caryophyllideans and/or Neodermata.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brunanská
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
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Abstract
Tapeworms (Cestoda, Platyhelminthes) are a highly diversified group of parasites that can have significant veterinary importance as well as medical impact as disease agents of human alveococcosis, hydatidosis, taeniosis/cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis, hymenolepidosis or diphyllobothriasis. Because of their great diversity, there has been keen interest in their phylogenetic relationships to other obligate parasitic platyhelminthes, as well as within the group itself. Recent phylogenetic analyses of cestodes, however, have focused on morphological, molecular, life cycle, embryology and host-specificity features and conspicuously omitted inclusion of karyological data. Here we review the literature from 1907 to 2010 and the current status of knowledge of the chromosomes and cytogenetics within all of the cestode orders and place it within an evolutionary perspective. Karyological data are discussed and tabulated for 115 species from nine eucestode orders with ideograms of 46 species, and a comparison of cytogenetic patterns between acetabulate and bothriate cestode lineages is made. Attention is drawn to gaps in our knowledge for seven remaining orders and cestodarian groups Gyrocotylidea and Amphilinidea. Among the cytogenetic aspects covered are: chromosome number, triploidy, classical karyotype cytogenetics (banding patterns, karyotype asymmetry, secondary constrictions), as well as advanced karyotype techniques allowing location of genes on chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We demonstrate that further progress in cestode karyosystematics rests with new molecular approaches and the application of advanced cytogenetic markers facilitating intimate karyotype analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Spakulová
- Parasitological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
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Oros M, Scholz T, Hanzelová V, Mackiewicz JS. Scolex morphology of monozoic cestodes (Caryophyllidea) from the Palaearctic Region: a useful tool for species identification. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2010; 57:37-46. [PMID: 20449998 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2010.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of the scoleces of caryophyllidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), parasitic in cypriniform fishes in the Palaearctic Region, was carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy. Three-dimensional pictures of the scoleces of 18 species of caryophyllidean cestodes of the Capingentidae (1 species), Caryophyllaeidae (7) and Lytocestidae (10), and outlines of the scoleces and anterior extent of the testes and vitelline follicles of 19 Palaearctic taxa were documented. Both species of Atractolytocestus Anthony, 1957 possess a bulboacuminate scolex, whereas species of Archigetes Leuckart, 1876 have fossate scoleces of the bothrioloculodiscate type, with loculi, bothrium-like depressions and an apical disc. Breviscolex orientalis Kulakovskaya, 1962, the only member of the Capingentidae, has a cuneiform scolex, as do both taxa of the lytocestid genus Caryophyllaeides Nybelin, 1922. The scoleces of two species of Caryophyllaeus Gmelin, 1790 are flabellate, whereas that of the congeneric C. fimbriceps Annenkova-Chlopina, 1919 is cuneicrispitate. Khawia Hsü, 1935, the most specious Palaearctic genus, with seven taxa that we consider to be valid, has the highest diversity in scolex morphology: semi-bulbate, flabellate, cuneiform, cuneifimbriate, truncated cuneiform-flabellate and festoon-like. Species of Monobothrium Nybelin, 1922 have either a digitiform scolex with widened posterior part or cuneiform, with lateral auricular extensions. Paracaryophyllaeus gotoi (Motomura, 1927) is characteristic in its possessing a bulbate scolex, whereas Paraglaridacris limnodrili (Yamaguti, 1934) has a fossate scolex of the bulboloculate type with bothrium-like depressions and feebly developed lateral loculi. Anterior extent of the testes and vitelline follicles and their mutual position show a somewhat higher variability than scolex shape, with intraspecific variation in some taxa, such as Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Kulakovskaya et Akhmerov, 1965), B. orientalis, Khawia armeniaca (Cholodkovsky, 1915) and K. sinensis Hsii, 1935. Based on scolex morphology and relative position of the anterior testes and vitelline follicles, a key is provided to facilitate the routine identification of 20 Palaearctic caryophyllidean taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikulás Oros
- Parasitological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
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Oros M, Hanzelová V, Scholz T, Mackiewicz JS. Phylogenetic relationships of the monozoic tapeworms (Eucestoda: Caryophyllidea) inferred from morphological characters. Syst Parasitol 2008; 70:1-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-008-9133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Poddubnaya LG, Mackiewicz JS, Brunanská M, Scholz T. Fine structure of the female reproductive ducts of Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda: Spathebothriidea), from salmonid fish. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2006; 52:323-38. [PMID: 16405296 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2005.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fine structure of the ovary, ovicapt, oviduct, fertilisation canal, vitelline ducts, vitelline reservoir, ovovitelline duct, ootype and Mehlis' gland, and proximal, middle and distal parts of the uterus of the spathebothriidean cestode, Cyathocephalus truncatus (Pallas, 1781), from salmoniform fish, has been studied for the first time by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Emphasis was given to characteristics which might shed light on the unclarified phylogenetic position of spathebothriideans, belonging among the most basal tapeworms (Eucestoda). New for cestodes is the finding of a multinucleate cell that plugs the ovicapt lumen. The morphology of the proximal part of the oviduct resembles that of the pseudophyllidean tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum. After fertilisation in the fertilisation canal, vitellocytes of C. truncatus become associated with fertilized oocytes in the ovovitelline duct. Only one type of Mehlis' gland secretory cell is present. The eggs with electron-dense eggshells containing large pores first appear in the proximal part of the uterus. The middle portion of the uterus has well-developed uterine glands. The distal portion of the uterus has apical microtriches. Ultrastructural data on the female genital system of C. truncatus are compared and discussed with those for other cestodes. However, on the basis of available ultrastructural data it is not possible to conclude whether the Spathebothriidea are phylogenetically closer to the Caryophyllidea or to the Pseudophyllidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa G Poddubnaya
- Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742 Borok, Yaroslavl Province, Russia.
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Poddubnaya LG, Mackiewicz JS, Brunanská M, Dezfuli BS. Fine structure of the male reproductive ducts, vagina and seminal receptacle of Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda: Spathebothriidea). Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2005; 52:241-50. [PMID: 16270805 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2005.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fine structure of the vas efferens, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct with accessory glands and vagina with seminal receptacle is described in the spathebothriidean tapeworm, Cyathocephalus truncatus (Pallas, 1781) Kessler, 1868. The numerous well-developed prostate glands are characterised by having secretory granules with an electron-dense core surrounded by a matrix of lower electron density. Coalescence of the outer part of the granules with each other takes place in the terminal end of the secretory ducts. The position of prostate glands around the proximal part of the cirrus pouch and terminating in the ejaculatory duct is a characteristic feature of the Spathebothriidea. Up to 20 closely arranged muscle layers make up the muscular cirrus pouch wall with 4 well-developed muscular layers in the ejaculatory duct and cirrus. Both the cirrus and the vagina are covered with the same uniform cone-shaped microtriches. The vagina has an extensive seminal receptacle. All of these structures are well-adapted to insure successful sperm transfer involving ejaculation and storage, probably for both self- and cross-insemination. Cyathocephalus truncatus has a cirrus similar to that of the monozoic, progenetic caryophyllidean, Archigetes sieboldi and well-developed prostate glands like those of the polyzoic pseudophyllidean, Diphyllobothrium latum. The ultrastructural aspects of the male and female reproductive system of C. truncatus are compared with those of other tapeworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa G Poddubnaya
- Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl Province, Russia.
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Poddubnaya LG, Mackiewicz JS, Kuperman BI. Ultrastructure of Archigetes sieboldi (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea): relationship between progenesis, development and evolution. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2003; 50:275-92. [PMID: 14971597 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural characteristics of progenetic and monoxenic Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878 from the oligochaete Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède are described. Our observations demonstrate that progenetic Archigetes sieboldi shares characteristics of both larval (progenetic) and adult stages. The primary larval characteristics are: the presence of a cercomer; a surface filamentous coat covering the whole worm; the presence of the penetration glands and the absence of tegumental ones; wide sarcoplasmic processes connecting the circular and longitudinal external tegumental muscles; the absence of the dense homogenous zone of the basal lamina beneath the epithelial cytoplasm of all reproductive organs and ducts; non-functional gonopores; and an orthogonal plan of nervous system with three pairs of longitudinal nerve trunks. The principle adult characteristics are: oogenesis, spermiogenesis and vitellogenesis that produce fertilized eggs; the uterine glands; a well-developed longitudinal tegumental muscle layer between tegumental cytons; and the presence of different microtriches. As a result of this progenetic development there has been a secondary reduction in the life cycle of A. sieboldi. It is postulated that a similar process of progenesis may have played a major role in the early evolution of the Caryophyllidea by first appearing in a plerocercoid stage of an ancestral strobilate cestode from fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa G Poddubnaya
- Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742, Borok, Yaroslavl Province, Russia.
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Mackiewicz JS, Bruce D. Atlas of Invertebrate Reproduction and Development. J Parasitol 1992. [DOI: 10.2307/3283675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hayunga EG, Mackiewicz JS. Comparative histology of the scolex and neck region of Glaridacris laruei (Lamont, 1921) Hunter, 1927 and Glaridacris catostomi Cooper, 1920 (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea). CAN J ZOOL 1988. [DOI: 10.1139/z88-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The histology of the scolex and neck region was examined in adults of the caryophyllidean tapeworms Glaridacris laruei and Glaridacris catostomi, parasites of the white sucker, Catostomus commersoni (Lacépède). Several distinct cell types were identified in the parenchyma including tegumental cells, flame cells, longitudinal muscle cells (myoblasts), transverse and dorsoventral muscle cells, parenchyma cells, epithelioid cells, and cells associated with the calcareous corpuscles. The proliferative zone of germinative cells reported for strobilate tapeworms was not found in these species. Faserzellen, or neck cells, which consisted of a deeply staining mass of cells, were found in the medullary parenchyma of the neck. Histochemical tests revealed that the cytoplasm of the Faserzellen was rich in RNA and protein, but alkaline and acid phosphatase activity were not detected. The arrangement of musculature in the scolex was examined; muscles associated with the attachment organs of G. laruei appear more developed compared with those of G. catostomi. Measurements of the various cells and their characteristic staining properties are presented in tabular form.
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Mackiewicz JS. Cestode transmission patterns. J Parasitol 1988; 74:60-71. [PMID: 3282055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The paradox of high prevalence but low probability of having an egg develop to an adult has been resolved by the evolution of 3 major and basic strategies involving transmission: evolution of life cycles interpolated into host biology; presentation of infective stages that increase probability of contact between host and parasite; and increase in reproductive potential. The rarity of direct cycles confirms that cycles in themselves, with at least 2 hosts, are a key element of cestode success because they provide a vehicle for dispersal and transmission of infective stages. Transmission is primarily by passive stages that become incorporated through intermediate hosts or accidentally in the food chain. High host specificity results from efficient transmission pathways but may represent a fragile system for the evolution of the species. Probability of transmission is increased through diversity of intermediate hosts, making eggs more susceptible to ingestion and by behavioral manipulation of hosts by parasite stages. Spatial and temporal aspects of transmission may be increased through paratenesis. Asexual proliferation of immature stages is uncommon and is favored where there is selective predation; such proliferation may be part of a transmission strategy of colonial cestodes that require high infrapopulations in order to survive. Hyperapolysis may be part of a transmission strategy used by the Tetraphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, and Lecanicephalidea to increase proglottid production. The dynamics of transmission for cestodes of humans and domestic animals require a different perspective than those of wild hosts. All strategies are reviewed within the framework of certain cestode morphological and ecological constraints. A total of 11 figures and 48 references complements the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Mackiewicz
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, Albany 12222
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Mackiewicz JS, Arme C, Pappas PW. Biology of the Eucestoda, Volume II. J Parasitol 1987. [DOI: 10.2307/3282424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Presentation of the 1982 Henry Baldwin Ward Medal. J Parasitol 1983; 69:23-7. [PMID: 6338192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Franke ED, Mackiewicz JS. Isolation of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria from the intestinal contents of freshwater fishes and their potential pathogenicity. J Parasitol 1982; 68:164-6. [PMID: 7077443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Franke ED, Mackiewicz JS. Isolation of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria from the Intestinal Contents of Freshwater Fishes and Their Potential Pathogenicity. J Parasitol 1982. [DOI: 10.2307/3281343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Glaridacris vogei n. sp. (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea) from catostomid fishes in western North America. Trans Am Microsc Soc 1976; 95:92-7. [PMID: 1265961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Mackiewicz JS. Glaridacris vogei n. sp. (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea) from Catostomid Fishes in Western North America. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.2307/3225357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hayunga EG, Mackiewicz JS. An electron microscope study of the tegument of Hunterella nodulosa Mackiewicz and McCrae, 1962 (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea). Int J Parasitol 1975; 5:309-19. [PMID: 1126786 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(75)90079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mackiewicz JS, Murhar BM. Redescription of Bovienia serialis (Bovien, 1926) (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea) from the catfish Clarias batrachus (L.) in India. J Helminthol 1972; 46:399-405. [PMID: 4641408 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00023403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent collections of helminths from the clariid catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.) in India and Malaysia have included Bovienia serialis (Bovien), a species originally described by Bovien (1926) from a single whole specimen and fragments of others. The generic diagnosis formulated many years later by Yamaguti (1959) and based indirectly on one of these fragments has inevitably led to some confusion regarding the characters of the genus. With the collection of new material it is now possible to emend the generic diagnosis and redescribe the species.
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Mackiewicz JS. Two new species of caryophyllid tapeworms from catostomid fishes in Tennessee. J Parasitol 1972; 58:1075-81. [PMID: 4641874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Mackiewicz JS, Cosgrove GE, Gude WD. Relationship of pathology to scolex morphology among caryophyllid cestodes. Z Parasitenkd 1972; 39:233-46. [PMID: 5057360 DOI: 10.1007/bf00329460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Kazacos K, Mackiewicz JS. Spermatogenesis in Hunterella nodulosa Mackiewicz and McCrae, 1962 (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea). Z Parasitenkd 1971; 38:21-31. [PMID: 5015013 DOI: 10.1007/bf00259481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Jones AW, Mackiewicz JS. Naturally Occurring Triploidy and Parthenogenesis in Atractolytocestus huronensis Anthony (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea) from Cyprinus carpio L. in North America. J Parasitol 1969. [DOI: 10.2307/3277242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Vitellogenesis and eggshell formation in Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Pallas) and Caryophyllaeides fennica (Schneider) (Cestoidea: Caryophyllaeidea). Z Parasitenkd 1968; 30:18-32. [PMID: 5750935 DOI: 10.1007/bf00329472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Calentine RL, Mackiewicz JS. Monobothrium ulmeri n. sp. (Cestoda: Caryophyllaeidae) from North American Catostomidae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1966. [DOI: 10.2307/3224475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mackiewicz JS. Isoglaridacris bulbocirrus gen. et sp. n. (Cestoidea: Caryophyllaeidae) from Catostomus commersoni in North America. J Parasitol 1965; 51:377-81. [PMID: 5891521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Isoglaridacris bulbocirrus gen. et sp. n. (Cestoidea: Caryophyllaeidae) from Catostomus commersoni in North America. J Parasitol 1965. [DOI: 10.2307/3275956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Monobothrium hunteri sp. n. (Cestoidea : Caryophyllaeidae) from Catostomus commersoni (Lacepede) (Pisces : Catostomidae) in North America. J Parasitol 1963. [DOI: 10.2307/3275913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS, McCrae R. Hunterella nodulosa gen. n, sp. n. (Cestoidea: Caryophyllaeidae) from Catostomus commersoni (Lacepede) (Pisces: Catostomidae) in North America. J Parasitol 1962. [DOI: 10.2307/3275098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mackiewicz JS. Systematic position of Caryophyllaeus fuhrmanni Szidat, 1937 and Lytocestus alestesi Lynsdale, 1956 (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea). REV SUISSE ZOOL 1962. [DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.75590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Evans HE, Mackiewicz JS. The Incidence and Location of Metacercarial Cysts (Trematoda: Strigeida) on 35 Species of Central New York Fishes. J Parasitol 1958. [DOI: 10.2307/3274708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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