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Patel J, Cook JL. Reconstruction of Broad Lower Lip Defects Using Karapandzic-Type Flaps. Dermatol Surg 2024:00042728-990000000-00700. [PMID: 38416801 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reconstruction of lower lip defects is challenging because of the functional and aesthetic demands of the lower face. We review the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the Karapandzic-type flaps for reconstructing lower lip defects. METHODS A retrospective review of patients who underwent repair using Karapandzic-type flaps. RESULTS Fifty patients with lower lip defects ranging from 20% to 95% (mean 59.2% ± 20%) were included. Eighteen patients (36%) were repaired using a bilateral flap, and 32 (64%) were reconstructed using a unilateral flap design. All patients had preservation of oral competency and a satisfactory aesthetic result. No patient complained of microstomia. A complication rate of 8% was noted (n = 4) with postoperative wound infection and small areas of dehiscence. There was no statistically significant difference in complication rates in patients older than 75 years, in patients with a history of head/neck radiation, or in defects greater than 70% of lower lip breadth. CONCLUSION Karapandzic-type flaps are versatile and reliable for the reconstruction of a broad range of lower lip defects. This one-stage procedure can produce superior functional and aesthetic results as compared with other local and distant flaps with minimal risk of functional microstomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Patel
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jonathan L Cook
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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Schuster BA, Sowden S, Rybicki AJ, Fraser DS, Press C, Holland P, Cook JL. Dopaminergic Modulation of Dynamic Emotion Perception. J Neurosci 2022; 42:4394-4400. [PMID: 35501156 PMCID: PMC9145228 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2364-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion recognition abilities are fundamental to our everyday social interaction. A large number of clinical populations show impairments in this domain, with emotion recognition atypicalities being particularly prevalent among disorders exhibiting a dopamine system disruption (e.g., Parkinson's disease). Although this suggests a role for dopamine in emotion recognition, studies employing dopamine manipulation in healthy volunteers have exhibited mixed neural findings and no behavioral modulation. Interestingly, while a dependence of dopaminergic drug effects on individual baseline dopamine function has been well established in other cognitive domains, the emotion recognition literature so far has failed to account for these possible interindividual differences. The present within-subjects study therefore tested the effects of the dopamine D2 antagonist haloperidol on emotion recognition from dynamic, whole-body stimuli while accounting for interindividual differences in baseline dopamine. A total of 33 healthy male and female adults rated emotional point-light walkers (PLWs) once after ingestion of 2.5 mg haloperidol and once after placebo. To evaluate potential mechanistic pathways of the dopaminergic modulation of emotion recognition, participants also performed motoric and counting-based indices of temporal processing. Confirming our hypotheses, effects of haloperidol on emotion recognition depended on baseline dopamine function, where individuals with low baseline dopamine showed enhanced, and those with high baseline dopamine decreased emotion recognition. Drug effects on emotion recognition were related to drug effects on movement-based and explicit timing mechanisms, indicating possible mediating effects of temporal processing. Results highlight the need for future studies to account for baseline dopamine and suggest putative mechanisms underlying the dopaminergic modulation of emotion recognition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A high prevalence of emotion recognition difficulties among clinical conditions where the dopamine system is affected suggests an involvement of dopamine in emotion recognition processes. However, previous psychopharmacological studies seeking to confirm this role in healthy volunteers thus far have failed to establish whether dopamine affects emotion recognition and lack mechanistic insights. The present study uncovered effects of dopamine on emotion recognition in healthy individuals by controlling for interindividual differences in baseline dopamine function and investigated potential mechanistic pathways via which dopamine may modulate emotion recognition. Our findings suggest that dopamine may influence emotion recognition via its effects on temporal processing, providing new directions for future research on typical and atypical emotion recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Schuster
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - S Sowden
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - A J Rybicki
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - D S Fraser
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - C Press
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - P Holland
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London, London, SE14 6NW, United Kingdom
| | - J L Cook
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Cason RW, Shammas RL, Pyfer BJ, Glener AD, Marcus JR, Cook JL. Cutaneous Reconstruction of the Nasal Distal Third: Alternative Local Flaps for a Complex Region. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021; 9:e3444. [PMID: 34881138 PMCID: PMC8647876 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Small-to-medium cutaneous defects of the distal nose pose a significant challenge to reconstructive surgeons, and commonly described reconstructive techniques have their limitations. As the skin of this region is characteristically rigid and sebaceous, care must be taken to avoid introducing unfavorable tension vectors that can result in functional or anatomic distortion of the nasal free margins. With this in mind, the authors discuss 3 alternative reconstructive options, the East-West, nasalis sling, and trilobed flaps, which have wide utility in the repair of distal nasal cutaneous defects and can result in excellent cosmesis. The indications, surgical technique, and limitations of each are discussed in detail, and are compared with several of the more commonly described options in the context of distal nasal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger W Cason
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
| | - Ronnie L Shammas
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
| | - Bryan J Pyfer
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
| | - Adam D Glener
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
| | - Jeffrey R Marcus
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
| | - Jonathan L Cook
- the Department of Dermatology, Duke University Health System, Durham, N.C
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Chen A, Albertini JG, Bordeaux JS, Chen MW, Cook JL, Davidson C, Donnelly KC, Galaria II, Hannan CM, Kantor J, Kapp DL, Lawrence N, Lober CW, Loeding LD, Miller A, Ness DT, Neves RI, Revenaugh PC, Setabutr P, Tholpady SS, Tollefson TT, Van Beek MJ, Weiss PR, Alam M. Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline: Reconstruction after Skin Cancer Resection. Dermatol Surg 2021; 47:891-907. [PMID: 34228675 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY A multi-disciplinary work group involving stakeholders from various backgrounds and societies was convened to develop guidelines for the management of reconstruction after skin cancer resection. The goal was to identify areas of common ground and provide evidence-based recommendations to improve patient care. Given the heterogeneity of reconstructive techniques and clinical scenarios, investigation centered around common elements in the process. In some cases, a distinction was made between treatment options in the office-based setting as opposed to those in the facility setting. A systematic literature review was performed, and an established appraisal process was used to rate the quality of relevant scientific research (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology). Final recommendations are related to concepts concerning the timing of reconstruction, management of anticoagulation, use of antibiotics, methods of pain control, and follow-up assessment. At times, there was insufficient evidence to make high-level recommendations. The literature analysis highlights the need for additional methodologically robust studies in this area, to help guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chen
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - John G Albertini
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Jeremy S Bordeaux
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Michael W Chen
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Jonathan L Cook
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Caryn Davidson
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Katelyn C Donnelly
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Irfan I Galaria
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Catherine M Hannan
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Jonathan Kantor
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Daniel L Kapp
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Naomi Lawrence
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Clifford W Lober
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Lauren D Loeding
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Alexander Miller
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Daniel T Ness
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Rogerio I Neves
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Peter C Revenaugh
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Peter Setabutr
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Sunil S Tholpady
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Travis T Tollefson
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Marta J Van Beek
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Paul R Weiss
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
| | - Murad Alam
- Farmington, Conn.; Winston-Salem, Durham, and Gastonia, N.C.; Cleveland, Ohio; Walnut Creek, Irvine, and Sacramento, Calif.; Arlington Heights and Chicago, Ill.; Chantilly, Va.; Washington, D.C.; St. Augustine, West Palm Beach, Tampa, and Orlando, Fla.; Philadelphia and Hershey, Pa.; Marlton, N.J.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Iowa City, Iowa; and New York, N.Y
- From the University of Connecticut; The Skin Surgery Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University; Kaiser Permanente; Duke University Medical Center; American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Florida Center for Dermatology; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; private practice; Cooper Medical Center, Rowan University; University of South Florida; University of Central Florida; University of California, Irvine; Piedmont Plastic Surgery and Dermatology; Pennsylvania State University; Rush University Medical Center; University of Illinois at Chicago; R. L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of California, Davis, Medical Center; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; private practice; and Northwestern University
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5
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Whitley MJ, Suwanpradid J, Lai C, Jiang SW, Cook JL, Zelac DE, Rudolph R, Corcoran DL, Degan S, Spasojevic I, Levinson H, Erdmann D, Reid C, Zhang JY, Robson SC, Healy E, Havran WL, MacLeod AS. ENTPD1 (CD39) Expression Inhibits UVR-Induced DNA Damage Repair through Purinergic Signaling and Is Associated with Metastasis in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2509-2520. [PMID: 33848530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UVR and immunosuppression are major risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Regulatory T cells promote cSCC carcinogenesis, and in other solid tumors, infiltrating regulatory T cells and CD8+ T cells express ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1) (also known as CD39), an ectoenzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in converting extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to extracellular adenosine (ADO). We previously showed that extracellular purine nucleotides influence DNA damage repair. In this study, we investigate whether DNA damage repair is modulated through purinergic signaling in cSCC. We found increased ENTPD1 expression on T cells within cSCCs when compared with the expression on T cells from blood or nonlesional skin, and accordingly, concentrations of derivative extracellular adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and ADO are increased in tumors compared with those in normal skin. Importantly, ENTPD1 expression is significantly higher in human cSCCs that metastasize than in those that are nonmetastatic. We also identify in a mouse model that ENTPD1 expression is induced by UVR in an IL-27-dependent manner. Finally, increased extracellular ADO is shown to downregulate the expression of NAP1L2, a nucleosome assembly protein we show to be important for DNA damage repair secondary to UVR. Together, these data suggest a role for ENTPD1 expression on skin-resident T cells to regulate DNA damage repair through purinergic signaling to promote skin carcinogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melodi Javid Whitley
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jutamas Suwanpradid
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chester Lai
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Simon W Jiang
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan L Cook
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel E Zelac
- Department of Dermatology and Mohs Surgery, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ross Rudolph
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David L Corcoran
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simone Degan
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; PK/PD Core Lab, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Howard Levinson
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Detlev Erdmann
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Duke Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claire Reid
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Y Zhang
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Pinnell Center for Investigative Dermatology, Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eugene Healy
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy L Havran
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Pinnell Center for Investigative Dermatology, Department of Duke Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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6
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Rudavsky A, Cook JL, Docking S. Proximal patellar tendon pathology can develop during adolescence in young ballet dancers-A 2-year longitudinal study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2035-2041. [PMID: 29658150 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patellar tendinopathy (tendon pain and dysfunction), or jumper's knee, is prevalent in adult jumping athletes. Pathology in the proximal patellar tendon is a key risk factor for developing patellar tendinopathy. When pathology develops in the proximal patellar tendon is not known, although it is reported to exist in adolescent athletes. The aim of this study was to follow young jumping athletes (ballet dancers) through adolescence to identify whether pathology develops and its relation to the adolescent growth spurt. Fifty-seven elite ballet students between ages 11 and 18 were monitored for 2 years. Data were collected every 6 months, including an ultrasound scan on their left tendons using ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) to quantify intratendinous changes, anthropometric data to calculate peak height velocity (adolescent growth spurt), participant reports of any injuries or dance modifications, and a VISA-P and single leg decline squat for patellar tendon pain. Nine percentage of adolescent dancers developed pathology during this study, and development was not associated with growth spurt. Peak height velocity and dance participation/volume both at the start and throughout the study were similar in those who did develop pathology and those who did not. Only 2 of 5 participants who developed pathology reported pain associated with their tendon. Pathology in the proximal patellar tendon can develop during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rudavsky
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J L Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S Docking
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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7
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Ridge PA, Cook JL. Stifle stabilisation in dogs without meniscal exam: A counterpoint argument. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 59:448-449. [PMID: 29701250 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P A Ridge
- Ridge Referrals, Dawlish, Exeter EX7 0QW, UK
| | - J L Cook
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute (4028A), Columbia, MO 65212, USA.,Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics & Mizzou, University of Missouri, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute (4028A), Columbia, MO 65212, USA.,Orthopaedic Research Division, University of Missouri, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute (4028A), Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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8
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Jarde A, Lutsiv O, Park CK, Beyene J, Dodd JM, Barrett J, Shah PS, Cook JL, Saito S, Biringer AB, Sabatino L, Giglia L, Han Z, Staub K, Mundle W, Chamberlain J, McDonald SD. Effectiveness of progesterone, cerclage and pessary for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancies: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BJOG 2017; 124:1176-1189. [PMID: 28276151 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant death, but it is unclear which intervention is best to prevent it. OBJECTIVES To compare progesterone, cerclage and pessary, determine their relative effects and rank them. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science (to April 2016), without restrictions, and screened references of previous reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised trials of progesterone, cerclage or pessary for preventing PTB in women with singleton pregnancies at risk as defined by each study. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data by duplicate using a piloted form and performed Bayesian random-effects network meta-analyses and pairwise meta-analyses. We rated evidence quality using GRADE, ranked interventions using SUCRA and calculated numbers needed to treat (NNT). MAIN RESULTS We included 36 trials (9425 women; 25 low risk of bias trials). Progesterone ranked first or second for most outcomes, reducing PTB < 34 weeks [odds ratio (OR) 0.44; 95% credible interval (CrI) 0.22-0.79; NNT 9; low quality], <37 weeks (OR 0.58; 95% CrI 0.41-0.79; NNT 9; moderate quality), and neonatal death (OR 0.50; 95% CrI 0.28-0.85; NNT 35; high quality), compared with control, in women overall at risk. We found similar results in the subgroup with previous PTB, but only a reduction of PTB < 34 weeks in women with a short cervix. Pessary showed inconsistent benefit and cerclage did not reduce PTB < 37 or <34 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Progesterone was the best intervention for preventing PTB in singleton pregnancies at risk, reducing PTB < 34 weeks, <37 weeks, neonatal demise and other sequelae. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Progesterone was better than cerclage and pessary to prevent preterm birth, neonatal death and more in network meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jarde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - O Lutsiv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - C K Park
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Beyene
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J M Dodd
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J Barrett
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P S Shah
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J L Cook
- The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - S Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - A B Biringer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Sabatino
- Midwifery Education Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L Giglia
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Z Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - K Staub
- Canadian Premature Babies Foundation, Sherwood Park, AB, Canada
| | - W Mundle
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinic, Windsor Regional Hospital, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - J Chamberlain
- Save the Mothers, Uganda Christian University, Mukono, Uganda
| | - S D McDonald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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9
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Jarde A, Lutsiv O, Park CK, Barrett J, Beyene J, Saito S, Dodd JM, Shah PS, Cook JL, Biringer AB, Giglia L, Han Z, Staub K, Mundle W, Vera C, Sabatino L, Liyanage SK, McDonald SD. Preterm birth prevention in twin pregnancies with progesterone, pessary, or cerclage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG 2017; 124:1163-1173. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Jarde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - O Lutsiv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - CK Park
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; McMaster University Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - J Barrett
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON Canada
| | - J Beyene
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; McMaster University Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - S Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Toyama; Toyama Japan
| | - JM Dodd
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
| | - PS Shah
- Department of Paediatrics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - JL Cook
- The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - AB Biringer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - L Giglia
- Department of Pediatrics; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Z Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Shaanxi Province China
| | - K Staub
- Canadian Premature Babies Foundation; Sherwood Park AB Canada
| | - W Mundle
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinic; Windsor Regional Hospital; Windsor ON Canada
| | - C Vera
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Escuela de Medicina; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - L Sabatino
- Midwifery Education Program; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - SK Liyanage
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - SD McDonald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
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10
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Cook JL, Rio E, Purdam CR, Docking SI. Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? Br J Sports Med 2016; 50:1187-91. [PMID: 27127294 PMCID: PMC5118437 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of tendinopathy and the primary biological change in the tendon that precipitates pathology have generated several pathoaetiological models in the literature. The continuum model of tendon pathology, proposed in 2009, synthesised clinical and laboratory-based research to guide treatment choices for the clinical presentations of tendinopathy. While the continuum has been cited extensively in the literature, its clinical utility has yet to be fully elucidated. The continuum model proposed a model for staging tendinopathy based on the changes and distribution of disorganisation within the tendon. However, classifying tendinopathy based on structure in what is primarily a pain condition has been challenged. The interplay between structure, pain and function is not yet fully understood, which has partly contributed to the complex clinical picture of tendinopathy. Here we revisit and assess the merit of the continuum model in the context of new evidence. We (1) summarise new evidence in tendinopathy research in the context of the continuum, (2) discuss tendon pain and the relevance of a model based on structure and (3) describe relevant clinical elements (pain, function and structure) to begin to build a better understanding of the condition. Our goal is that the continuum model may help guide targeted treatments and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University
| | - E Rio
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University
| | - C R Purdam
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University Department of Physical Therapies, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - S I Docking
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University
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11
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Linsenbardt HR, Cook JL, Young EE, Vichaya EG, Young CR, Reusser NM, Storts R, Welsh CJ, Meagher MW. Social disruption alters pain and cognition in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 288:56-68. [PMID: 26531695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although pain and cognitive deficits are widespread and debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), they remain poorly understood. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection is an animal model of MS where disease course is exacerbated by prior stressors. Here chronic infection coupled with prior social stress increased pain behavior and impaired hippocampal-dependent memory consolidation during the demyelinating phase of disease in SJL mice. These results suggest that the TMEV model may be useful in investigating pain and cognitive impairments in MS. However, in contrast to prior Balb/cJ studies, stress failed to consistently alter behavioral and physiological indicators of disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Linsenbardt
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - J L Cook
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - E E Young
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - E G Vichaya
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - C R Young
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - N M Reusser
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - R Storts
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - C J Welsh
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - M W Meagher
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
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12
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Cook JL, Docking SI. "Rehabilitation will increase the 'capacity' of your …insert musculoskeletal tissue here…." Defining 'tissue capacity': a core concept for clinicians. Br J Sports Med 2015; 49:1484-5. [PMID: 26255142 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- Centre for Sport & Exercise Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia . Australian Centre of Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - S I Docking
- Australian Centre of Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University, Ballarat, Australia School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
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13
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Cook JL. The reconstruction of the nasal ala with interpolated flaps from the cheek and forehead: design and execution modifications to improve surgical outcomes. Br J Dermatol 2015; 171 Suppl 2:29-36. [PMID: 25124311 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nasal ala, critically important in the function and appearance of the central face, has significant reconstructive demands given the lack of suitable adjacent donor tissue that can be used to repair all but the smallest surgical defects in this area. Interpolated flaps from the forehead and cheek have long been ideal reconstructive alternatives for the repair of larger or more difficult alar wounds, and with the design and execution modifications described here, the dermatological surgeon can offer more appropriate restoration of this critically important aesthetic unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, U.S.A
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14
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Fearon AM, Ganderton C, Scarvell JM, Smith PN, Neeman T, Nash C, Cook JL. Development and validation of a VISA tendinopathy questionnaire for greater trochanteric pain syndrome, the VISA-G. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:805-13. [PMID: 25870117 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is common, resulting in significant pain and disability. There is no condition specific outcome score to evaluate the degree of severity of disability associated with GTPS in patients with this condition. OBJECTIVE To develop a reliable and valid outcome measurement capable of evaluating the severity of disability associated with GTPS. METHODS A phenomenological framework using in-depth semi structured interviews of patients and medical experts, and focus groups of physiotherapists was used in the item generation. Item and format clarification was undertaken via piloting. Multivariate analysis provided the basis for item reduction. The resultant VISA-G was tested for reliability with the inter class co-efficient (ICC), internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha), and construct validity (correlation co-efficient) on 52 naïve participants with GTPS and 31 asymptomatic participants. RESULTS The resultant outcome measurement tool is consistent in style with existing tendinopathy outcome measurement tools, namely the suite of VISA scores. The VISA-G was found to be have a test-retest reliability of ICC2,1 (95% CI) of 0.827 (0.638-0.923). Internal consistency was high with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.809. Construct validity was demonstrated: the VISA-G measures different constructs than tools previously used in assessing GTPS, the Harris Hip Score and the Oswestry Disability Index (Spearman Rho:0.020 and 0.0205 respectively). The VISA-G did not demonstrate any floor or ceiling effect in symptomatic participants. CONCLUSION The VISA-G is a reliable and valid score for measuring the severity of disability associated GTPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Fearon
- ANU Medical School, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, the Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia.
| | - C Ganderton
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J M Scarvell
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, the Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - P N Smith
- ANU Medical School, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, the Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - T Neeman
- ANU Medical School, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - C Nash
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J L Cook
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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van Ark M, Docking SI, van den Akker-Scheek I, Rudavsky A, Rio E, Zwerver J, Cook JL. Does the adolescent patellar tendon respond to 5 days of cumulative load during a volleyball tournament? Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 26:189-96. [PMID: 25694241 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee) has a high prevalence in jumping athletes. Excessive load on the patellar tendon through high volumes of training and competition is an important risk factor. Structural changes in the tendon are related to a higher risk of developing patellar tendinopathy. The critical tendon load that affects tendon structure is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate patellar tendon structure on each day of a 5-day volleyball tournament in an adolescent population (16-18 years). The right patellar tendon of 41 players in the Australian Volleyball Schools Cup was scanned with ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) on every day of the tournament (Monday to Friday). UTC can quantify structure of a tendon into four echo types based on the stability of the echo pattern. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to test for change of echo type I and II over the tournament days. Participants played between eight and nine matches during the tournament. GEE analysis showed no significant change of echo type percentages of echo type I (Wald chi-square = 4.603, d.f. = 4, P = 0.331) and echo type II (Wald chi-square = 6.070, d.f. = 4, P = 0.194) over time. This study shows that patellar tendon structure of 16-18-year-old volleyball players is not affected during 5 days of cumulative loading during a volleyball tournament.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van Ark
- Center for Sports Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - S I Docking
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - I van den Akker-Scheek
- Center for Sports Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Rudavsky
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Rio
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Zwerver
- Center for Sports Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J L Cook
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
Cartilage repair in terms of replacement, or
regeneration of damaged or diseased articular cartilage with functional tissue,
is the ‘holy grail’ of joint surgery. A wide spectrum of strategies
for cartilage repair currently exists and several of these techniques
have been reported to be associated with successful clinical outcomes
for appropriately selected indications. However, based on respective
advantages, disadvantages, and limitations, no single strategy, or
even combination of strategies, provides surgeons with viable options
for attaining successful long-term outcomes in the majority of patients.
As such, development of novel techniques and optimisation of current techniques
need to be, and are, the focus of a great deal of research from
the basic science level to clinical trials. Translational research
that bridges scientific discoveries to clinical application involves
the use of animal models in order to assess safety and efficacy
for regulatory approval for human use. This review article provides
an overview of animal models for cartilage repair. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;4:89–94.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- University of Missouri, ComparativeOrthopaedic Laboratory and Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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17
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Aldabagh B, Cook JL. Reconstruction of Scalp Wounds with Exposed Calvarium Using a Local Flap and a Split-Thickness Skin Graft: Case Series of 20 Patients. Dermatol Surg 2014; 40:257-65. [DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Docking SI, van Schie JTM, Daffy J, Rosengarten S, Cook JL. BILATERAL CHANGES IN UNILATERAL ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY QUANTIFIED USING ULTRASOUND TISSUE CHARACTERISATION. Br J Sports Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092459.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rosengarten S, Docking SI, van Schie JTM, Daffy J, Cook JL. TENDON RESPONSE IN ACHILLES TENDON OF AUSTRALIAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS USING ULTRASOUND TISSUE CHARACTERISATION. Br J Sports Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092459.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Fearon AM, Scarvell JM, Cook JL, Neeman T, Cormick W, Smith PN. GREATER TROCHANTERIC PAIN SYNDROME: DEFINING THE SYNDROME. Br J Sports Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092459.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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23
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Cook JL. The reconstruction of two large full-thickness wounds of the upper lip with different operative techniques: when possible, a local flap repair is preferable to reconstruction with free tissue transfer. Dermatol Surg 2012; 39:281-9. [PMID: 23153375 DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large full-thickness wounds of the upper lip are often referred to operating room-based surgeons for repair given the perceived difficulties in restoring upper lip form and function with simpler operative techniques. OBJECTIVE To illustrate the functional, aesthetic, and cost differences between two techniques used to repair full-thickness wounds of the upper lip. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two patients with difficult full-thickness wounds of the majority of the upper lip were reviewed. One patient underwent reconstruction with a composite free flap in an operating room, and one underwent repair using local tissue rearrangement using bilateral modified nasolabial flaps in an outpatient setting. RESULTS Both patients were adequately reconstructed, but the patient repaired using local tissue rearrangement had a better aesthetic outcome and superior preservation of oral competency. In addition, the costs of this patient's reconstructive care were less than 2.4% of the costs of the care of the patient repaired using a free flap. CONCLUSION When possible, large, full-thickness wounds of the upper lip should be repaired with local tissue rearrangement in an outpatient setting to offer patients potential improvements in functional and aesthetic outcomes while minimizing treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Cook
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Cook
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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26
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27
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Abstract
Tendons are designed to take tensile load, but excessive load can cause overuse tendinopathy. Overuse tendinopathy results in extensive changes to the cells and extracellular matrix, resulting in activated cells, increase in large proteoglycans and a breakdown of the collagen structure. Within these pathological changes, there are areas of fibrocartilaginous metaplasia, and mechanotransduction models suggest that this response could be due to compressive load. As load management is a cornerstone of treating overuse tendinopathy, defining the effect of tensile and compressive loads is important in optimising the clinical management of tendinopathy. This paper examines the potential role of compressive loads in the onset and perpetuation of tendinopathy, and reviews the anatomical, epidemiological and clinical evidence that supports consideration of compressive loads in overuse tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia.
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28
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Vichaya EG, Young EE, Frazier MA, Cook JL, Welsh CJ, Meagher MW. Social disruption induced priming of CNS inflammatory response to Theiler's virus is dependent upon stress induced IL-6 release. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 239:44-52. [PMID: 22000153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic social disruption stress (SDR) exacerbates acute and chronic phase Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection, a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. However, the precise mechanism by which this occurs remains unknown. The present study suggests that SDR exacerbates TMEV disease course by priming virus-induced neuroinflammation. It was demonstrated that IL-1β mRNA expression increases following acute SDR; however, IL-6 mRNA expression, but not IL-1β, is upregulated in response to chronic SDR. Furthermore, this study demonstrated SDR prior to infection increases infection related central IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression, and administration of IL-6 neutralizing antibody during SDR reverses this increase in neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Vichaya
- Dept. of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, Texas A&M University, United States
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreaticoduodenal (PD) artery aneurysms account for less than 2% of all splanchnic aneurysms. A mycotic aetiology is extremely uncommon. INTRODUCTION Two weeks following an episode of sepsis related to a prostatic biopsy, a 59-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and anaemia. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed an inferior PD artery pseudoaneurysm with an associated mesenteric root haematoma. This was treated successfully by transcatheter embolisation. INTRODUCTION Infective pseudoaneurysms of the PD artery are rare but can be associated with rupture into the gastrointestinal tract or retroperitoneum. Transcatheter embolisation remains the most effective therapy as it is associated with low morbidity and mortality rates and recurrence is very unlikely provided the aneurysm is completely excluded from the circulation.
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Kuroki K, Cook CR, Cook JL. Subchondral bone changes in three different canine models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2011; 19:1142-9. [PMID: 21736944 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that changes in subchondral bone are significantly different among three canine models of osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN In 21 purpose-bred mongrel dogs, OA was induced in one knee joint via either anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLt; n = 5), medial femoral condylar groove creation (GR; n = 6), or medial meniscal release (MR; n = 5). Five dogs that had sham surgery (SH; n = 5) in one knee joint served as controls. Lameness scoring was performed every 4 weeks. Twelve weeks after surgery, the knee joints were examined by histology and histomorphometry. RESULTS Articular cartilage pathology as determined by Mankin scores was significantly severe in all three OA models compared to SH controls in the medial tibia (P < 0.001 to P = 0.026). ACLt had significantly thinner subchondral plate thickness (Sp.Th) in both the medial and lateral tibias while MR had significantly thicker Sp.Th in the medial tibia compared to SH controls (P < 0.001 to P = 0.011). Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) and trabecular bone thickness (Tb.Th) for ACLt were significantly less than SH controls in the tibias (P < 0.001 to P = 0.011). Tibial Sp.Th, BV/TV, and Tb.Th were all moderately to strongly correlated with lameness scores obtained throughout the study period (r = -0.436 to r = -0.738, P < 0.001 to P = 0.047) while Mankin scores showed moderate to strong correlations with Sp.Th in each OA model (r = 0.465 to r = 0.816, P < 0.001 to P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Changes in Sp.Th are associated with articular cartilage damage while tibial Sp.Th and BV/TV and Tb.Th appear to be all influenced by joint loading alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kuroki
- Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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31
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Culvenor AG, Cook JL, Warden SJ, Crossley KM. Infrapatellar fat pad size, but not patellar alignment, is associated with patellar tendinopathy. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 21:e405-11. [PMID: 21635562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patellar tendinopathy (PT) is one of the most common overuse injuries of the knee. Recent reports indicate that increased body mass is frequently associated with tendinopathy, not only biomechanically but biochemically. Abnormalities of other structures within the knee extensor mechanism [patellofemoral joint (PFJ) alignment and patellar tendon length] that can directly influence the strain distribution of the patellar tendon are inconsistently implicated in PT. The aim of this study was to compare the infrapatellar fat pad volume, patellar tendon length and PFJ alignment in people with chronic PT and a group of age-, gender-, height-, and activity-matched controls with normal tendons. Axial magnetic resonance (MR) images, from 26 participants with PT and 28 control participants were obtained. Fat pad size, patellar tendon length and PFJ alignment were measured digitally from the MR images, using measurement software, and the results compared between the PT group and control group. People with PT had a significantly larger fat pad than healthy controls when controlled for height (P=0.04). Patellar tendon length was not significantly different between groups (P=0.16), nor were there between-group differences for the measures of PFJ alignment (P=0.07-0.76). Thus, the infrapatellar fat pad may play an important role in PT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Culvenor
- School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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32
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Cook JL. Where is the evidence? Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2011; 24:253-255. [PMID: 21603741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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34
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Cook JL, Kuroki K, Visco D, Pelletier JP, Schulz L, Lafeber FPJG. The OARSI histopathology initiative - recommendations for histological assessments of osteoarthritis in the dog. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18 Suppl 3:S66-79. [PMID: 20864024 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The dog is a common model for study of osteoarthritis (OA). Subjective histologic scoring systems have often served as the reference standard for presence and severity of OA. However, these scoring systems have perceived shortcomings. The system developed for this report attempts to address these shortcomings by providing a standardized methodology for global assessment of the joint, versatility and the potential for relative weighting of pathology, allowing for comparison among time points, studies, and centers, and critical analysis of the system's reliability. The proposed system for assessment of canine tissues appears to provide an effective method for global assessment of articular pathology in OA. The system is versatile, comprehensive, and reliable and appears to have advantages over conventional scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- University of Missouri, Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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35
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Aigner T, Cook JL, Gerwin N, Glasson SS, Laverty S, Little CB, McIlwraith W, Kraus VB. Histopathology atlas of animal model systems - overview of guiding principles. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18 Suppl 3:S2-6. [PMID: 20864020 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Animal model systems represent an important adjunct and surrogate for studies of osteoarthritis (OA) in humans. They provide a means to study OA pathophysiology as well as aid in the development of therapeutic agents and biological markers for diagnosing and prognosing the disease. Thus, it is of great importance for the OA scientific community, both in academic as well as industrial research, to standardize scoring systems for evaluating the OA disease process and to make results between different studies comparable. The task of the histopathology initiative of OARSI was to achieve a consensus of scoring systems for the most important species used in OA animal model research (dog, guinea pig, horse, mouse, rabbit, rat, and sheep/goat), which are presented in the various chapters in this special volume of Osteoarthritis & Cartilage together with extra chapters on basic methodology (histochemistry, statistics, morphometry), the specific terminology and a general discussion of animal models in OA research. Standardized definitions are suggested for basic but essential terms such as "grading" and "staging" in order to promote their consistent use and thereby promote improved understanding and data interpretation across all model systems. Thus, this introductory chapter presents an overview of the guiding principles for assessment of important OA animal model systems. Use of such systems, independently or in conjunction with other systems in parallel, should facilitate comparability of results across animal model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aigner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Center Coburg, Ketschendorferstr. 33, 96450 Coburg, Germany.
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Ridley NTF, Taylor SJ, Coombes N, Gawaad A, Galea M, Cook JL. Cancers found at breast screening: is the radiologist giving the surgeon all the information he needs in the referral letter? Breast Cancer Res 2009. [PMCID: PMC4284863 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Cook JL. The lateral ala's volume and position are critical determinants of aesthetically successful nasal reconstruction: a photographic case series. Dermatol Surg 2009; 35:667-73. [PMID: 19309340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Cook
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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Coulston JE, Tilley C, Hiller H, Roberts A, Cook JL, Hocken DB. Revascularization of the amputated limb in symptomatic arteriopaths: an underused treatment. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2008; 69:710-711. [PMID: 19186617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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40
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Cook JL, Purdam CR. Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med 2008; 43:409-16. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.051193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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41
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Bian L, Lima EG, Angione SL, Ng KW, Williams DY, Xu D, Stoker AM, Cook JL, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Mechanical and biochemical characterization of cartilage explants in serum-free culture. J Biomech 2008; 41:1153-9. [PMID: 18374344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Allografts of articular cartilage are both used clinically for tissue-transplantation procedures and experimentally as model systems to study the physiological behavior of chondrocytes in their native extracellular matrix. Long-term maintenance of allograft tissue is challenging. Chemical mediators in poorly defined culture media can stimulate cells to quickly degrade their surrounding extracellular matrix. This is particularly true of juvenile cartilage which is generally more responsive to chemical stimuli than mature tissue. By carefully modulating the culture media, however, it may be possible to preserve allograft tissue over the long-term while maintaining its original mechanical and biochemical properties. In this study juvenile bovine cartilage explants (both chondral and osteochondral) were cultured in both chemically defined medium and serum-supplemented medium for up to 6 weeks. The mechanical properties and biochemical content of explants cultured in chemically defined medium were enhanced after 2 weeks in culture and thereafter remained stable with no loss of cell viability. In contrast, the mechanical properties of explants in serum-supplemented medium were degraded by ( approximately 70%) along with a concurrent loss of biochemical content (30-40% GAG). These results suggest that long-term maintenance of allografts can be extended significantly by the use of a chemically defined medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bian
- Cellular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Burchette JL, Pham TT, Higgins SP, Cook JL, Soler AP. Expression of Cadherin/Catenin Cell—Cell Adhesion Molecules in a Onychomatricoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2008; 16:349-53. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896907310374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Onychomatricoma is a rare nail tumor with a distinctive architecture. Proximally, there are serum-filled invaginations of nail matrix epithelium into the stroma, and distally, dermal protrusions perforate the nail plate. Because other matrical tumors of follicular and odontogenic origin express nuclear β-catenin, we examined the expression of cadherin/catenin proteins in this onychomatricoma case. The patient presented with a toenail yellow streak, and the biopsy revealed an onychomatricoma. E-cadherin and β-catenin were at the cell membrane in the epithelial invaginations. P-cadherin was restricted to basal cells. In contrast to other matrical tumors, nuclear β-catenin was not present. These results suggest that onychomatricoma may lack the transcriptional activating role of β-catenin that characterizes follicular and odontogenic matrical tumors. This is the first report on the expression of cadherin/ catenin cell—cell adhesion proteins in this rare nail tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tram T. Pham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center
| | - Steven P. Higgins
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan L. Cook
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Scott A, Lian Ø, Roberts CR, Cook JL, Handley CJ, Bahr R, Samiric T, Ilic MZ, Parkinson J, Hart DA, Duronio V, Khan KM. Increased versican content is associated with tendinosis pathology in the patellar tendon of athletes with jumper's knee. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2007; 18:427-35. [PMID: 18067512 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Expansion of the extracellular matrix is a prominent but poorly characterized feature of tendinosis. The present study aimed to characterize the extent and distribution of the large aggregating proteoglycan versican in patients with patellar tendinosis. We obtained tendon from tendinopathy patients undergoing debridement of the patellar tendon and from controls undergoing intramedullary tibial nailing. Versican content was investigated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Microvessel thickness and density were determined using computer-assisted image analysis. Markers for smooth muscle actin, endothelial cells (CD31) and proliferating cells (Ki67) were examined immunohistochemically. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed elevated versican content in the proximal patellar tendon of tendinosis patients (P=0.042). Versican content was enriched in regions of fibrocartilage metaplasia and fibroblast proliferation, as well as in the perivascular matrix of proliferating microvessels and within the media and intima of arterioles. Microvessel density was higher in tendinosis tissue compared with control tissue. Versican deposition is a prominent feature of patellar tendinosis. Because this molecule is not only a component of normal fibrocartilagenous matrices but also implicated in a variety of soft tissue pathologies, future studies should further detail both pathological and adaptive roles of versican in tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
The effects of hormonal status and activity levels on Achilles tendon structure were examined in asymptomatic post-menopausal women. It was hypothesized that women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) would have better tendon structure than those not using HRT and that active women would have poorer tendon structure than inactive women. Eighty-five women including 53 active women (regular golf players) and 32 controls (healthy but inactive women) recorded their HRT and menopausal history and underwent basic anthropometric measurements. Women were divided into two groups based on their hormonal status: those currently using HRT; and those who had never used HRT or ceased using HRT at least 12 months prior to the study. Achilles tendons were examined with ultrasound and categorized as normal or abnormal, and the diameter of each tendon (mm) was recorded. Active women had a greater prevalence of tendon abnormality (P=0.10) and thicker Achilles tendons than inactive women (P<0.05). Active women on HRT had less tendon abnormality (P=0.056) than active women not on HRT and significantly less tendon thickness (P<0.05). This study indicates that Achilles tendon diameter is greater in active post-menopausal women. Hormone replacement therapy appeared to ameliorate this effect in active women. A similar effect from HRT on the Achilles tendons of inactive women was not apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cook
- Musculoskeletal Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
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Martinez JC, Cook JL. High-Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma without Palpable Lymphadenopathy: Is There a Therapeutic Role for Elective Neck Dissection? Dermatol Surg 2007; 33:410-20. [PMID: 17430374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The beneficial role of elective neck dissection (END) in the management of high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) of the head and neck remains unproven. Some surgical specialists suggest that END may be beneficial for patients with clinically node-negative (N0) high-risk CSCC, but there are few data to support this claim. We reviewed the available literature regarding the use of END in the management of both CSCC and head and neck SCC (HNSCC). METHODOLOGY The available medical literature pertaining to END in both CSCC and HNSCC was reviewed using PubMed and Ovid Medline searches. RESULTS Many surgical specialists recommend that END be routinely performed in patients with N0 HNSCC when the risk of occult metastases is estimated to exceed 20%; however, patients who undergo END have no proven survival benefit over those who are initially staged as N0 and undergo therapeutic neck dissection (TND) after the development of apparent regional disease. There is a lack of data regarding the proper management of regional nodal basins in patients with N0 CSCC. In the absence of evidence-based data, the cutaneous surgeon must rely on clinical judgment to guide the management of patients with N0 high-risk CSCC of the head and neck. CONCLUSIONS Appropriate work-up for occult nodal disease may occasionally be warranted in patients with high-risk CSCC. END may play a role in only a very limited number of patients with high-risk CSCC.
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Nicolai N, Cook JL, Smeins FE. Grassland composition affects season shifts in seed preference by Pogonomyrmex barbatus (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae) in the Edwards Plateau, Texas. Environ Entomol 2007; 36:433-40. [PMID: 17445379 DOI: 10.1603/0046-225x(2007)36[433:gcassi]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of season and community composition as generated by livestock herbivory of differing intensity on seed species preference by Pogonomyrmex barbatus (F. Smith) were studied in a semiarid savanna on the Edward's Plateau, TX. Seasonal differences in nutrient requirements of the colony could lead to differential preferences for seeds harvested in spring and fall. Field cafeteria studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that late successional species, with their high nutrient content, would be chosen regardless of grazing intensity or season. Commercial seeds of known nutrient content were used to test the hypothesis that high protein levels would be chosen in spring and high carbohydrate levels in the fall. Naturally occurring seeds were differentially harvested and some were preferred regardless of relative availability. Total seed harvest in cafeteria experiments was higher in spring than in fall. Commercial seeds were harvested equally among treatments within a season; thus, nutrient selection was indistinguishable. Preference for native species was significantly different in both seasons but was influenced by a significant interaction with grazing treatments. Bouteloua curtipendula, a late successional mid-grass, was harvested significantly more in the spring than the fall and at higher rates in the heavily grazed treatment, rejecting the hypothesis that they would be chosen regardless of treatment or season. Seed preference for late successional grasses within heavily grazed communities may slow succession after grazing. During disturbance recovery, late successional species may be reduced by forager preference and rates of spring harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nicolai
- Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management, MS-2126, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal imaging in the patellar tendon reveals pathology that is often associated with knee pain. Anthropometric measures of body size and mass, such as height, weight and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), have been individually associated with abnormal imaging. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthropometric factors that have the strongest relationship with abnormal imaging in volleyball players. METHODS Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist girth, hip girth and WHR were measured in a cohort of 113 competitive volleyball players (73 men, 40 women). The univariate (ANOVA) and multivariable (discriminant function analysis) association between abnormal imaging and these anthropometric factors were investigated. RESULTS No significant association was found in the female volleyball players. A significant univariate association was observed between abnormal imaging and heavier weight, greater BMI, larger waist and hip girth and larger WHR in the male volleyball players. Waist girth was the only factor that retained this association in a multivariable model (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Men with a waist girth greater than 83 cm seem to be at greater risk of developing patellar tendon pathology. There may be both mechanical and biochemical reasons for this increased risk.
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Greenberg DD, Stoker A, Kane S, Cockrell M, Cook JL. Biochemical effects of two different hyaluronic acid products in a co-culture model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:814-22. [PMID: 16617026 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of two hyaluronic acid (HA) formulations on mediators of matrix turnover and inflammation in an IL-1-treated cartilage-synovium co-culture model with the aim of elucidating mechanisms by which viscosupplementation exerts beneficial effects in osteoarthritic joints. DESIGN A co-culture model (100 ng/ml interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) added to canine synovial and cartilage explants) was used to investigate the effects of HA on cartilage-synovium interactions. Three concentrations (1x, 0.5x, and 0.1x) of two commercial sources of HA (A: Synvisc [hylan G-F 20]; B: Hyalgan [sodium hyaluronate]) were used. Co-cultures without IL-1beta (negative) or with IL-1beta (positive) but neither HA product served as controls. The liquid media were collected every 3 days and explants of cartilage and synovium were collected on days 3, 6, and 20. Media and explants were analyzed histologically, biochemically, and immunohistochemically. RESULTS Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was measured in cartilage explants. GAG content in explants was higher in both HA groups at the beginning and the conclusion of the study compared to the IL-1beta-treated group. GAG content of the media was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the Synvisc group than all other groups early. The Hyalgan group demonstrated progressively less GAG release later in the study. The addition of Synvisc did not decrease the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 concentrations at any point. MMP-3 concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) lower among the 1x and 0.5x Hyalgan groups on day 20 compared to the IL-1beta-treated group. On day 3, prostaglandin E(2) concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the IL-1beta-treated group compared to other groups. Both HA groups had less nitric oxide production than the control groups throughout the study. CONCLUSIONS This study supports two potential mechanisms for viscosupplementation: a biosynthetic-chondroprotective mechanism, with a possible delay in onset depending on the form of HA; and an anti-inflammatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Greenberg
- Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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Abstract
Chronic plantar heel pain (CPHP) is one of the most common soft tissue disorders of the foot, yet its aetiology is poorly understood. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association between CPHP and the various aetiological factors reported in the literature. Seven electronic databases and the reference lists of key articles were searched in August 2005. The resulting list of articles was assessed by two independent reviewers according to pre-determined selection criteria and a final list of articles for review was created. The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed and the evidence presented in each of the articles was descriptively analysed. From the 16 included articles, body mass index in a non-athletic population and the presence of calcaneal spur were the two factors found to have an association with CPHP. Increased weight in a non athletic population, increased age, decreased ankle dorsiflexion, decreased first metatarsophalangeal joint extension and prolonged standing all demonstrated some evidence of an association with CPHP. Evidence for static foot posture and dynamic foot motion was inconclusive and height, weight and BMI in an athletic population were not associated with CPHP. The findings of this review should be used to guide the focus of prospective cohort studies, the results of which would ultimately provide a list of risk factors for CPHP. Such a list is essential in the development of new and improved preventative and treatment strategies for CPHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Irving
- Musculoskeletal Research Centre, School of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia.
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