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Hughes GO, Eatherall A, Bird M, Blake J, Branford PR, Gebler S, Lozano A, Massey PA, Reinken G, Terry AS, Whitworth EH. CropLife Europe Crop Development Database: An open-source, pan-European, harmonized crop development database for use in regulatory pesticide exposure modeling and risk assessment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023. [PMID: 38054369 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a regulatory need for crop development dates to assess current default values used within chemical exposure assessments as well as to justify refinements within risk assessments. However, a readily available pan-European crop phenology database covering key FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their USe (FOCUS) crops and scenarios to meet this need is not currently available. Therefore, we describe the development of a harmonized, pan-European, CropLife Europe Crop Development Database (C2D2), that is fully aligned with this regulatory requirement utilizing efficacy trials data generated for regulatory submissions when registering plant protection products under Regulation (EU)1107/2009. Evaluation of C2D2 against an independent data set showed good agreement for equivalent time periods, crop growth stages, and geographical regions. We illustrate how this database can be used to evaluate existing default crop development dates mandated by regulatory agencies for use within exposure assessments. Despite the large data set compiled and the geographical coverage of C2D2, not all FOCUSsw/gw scenarios have sufficient data to facilitate comparison, with less significant scenarios, like FOCUSgw Porto, being underrepresented. For those scenarios with sufficient data, clear differences between C2D2 and crop development dates assumed in the FOCUS modeling framework (using the AppDate tool) are often indicated over many growth stages, suggesting that amendment of the existing representation of crop development within the risk assessment process may be required. C2D2 is freely available under a Creative Commons license to facilitate innovation in exposure science to allow for more accurate and realistic risk assessment leading to enhanced crop and environmental protection. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1-15. © 2023 CropLife Europe (Corteva Agriscience) and The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory O Hughes
- Cambridge Environmental Assessments, Part of RSK ADAS Ltd., Cambridge, UK
- GeoSpatial Analytics Consulting, Mynshull House, Cheshire, UK
| | | | - Michael Bird
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK
| | | | | | | | - Anthony Lozano
- Sumitomo, Parc d'affaires de Crécy, Saint Didier au Mont d'Or, France
| | | | - Gerald Reinken
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Adrian S Terry
- Cambridge Environmental Assessments, Part of RSK ADAS Ltd., Cambridge, UK
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Norgaard Z, Higgins J, Yaplee J, Blake J, Prieve M, Lo FY, Delaney C, Valentine C, Salk J. Process Development and Manufacturing: ULTRA-SENSITIVE DUPLEX SEQUENCING FOR QUANTIFYING MULTI-INDIVIDUAL CELL THERAPY SUB-POPULATION FRACTIONS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Milano F, Thur LA, Blake J, Delaney C. Infusion of Non-HLA-Matched Off-the-Shelf Ex Vivo Expanded Cord Blood Progenitors in Patients Undergoing Cord Blood Transplantation: Result of a Phase II Clinical Trial. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:835793. [PMID: 35445027 PMCID: PMC9014214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.835793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recipients of myeloablative cord blood transplants (CBT) are known to experience delayed hematopoietic recovery and an increased risk of transplant related mortality (TRM). We developed methods for ex vivo expansion and cryopreservation of CB stem and progenitor cells. 15 patients with hematologic malignancies were enrolled in this single center phase II trial between September 2010 and August 2012 to assess the safety of infusing a non-HLA-matched expanded CB product to bolster a conventional CBT. On the day of transplant, an infusion of the expanded CB product followed the primary graft (1 or 2 unmanipulated CB units). All patients engrafted. Median time to neutrophil and platelet recovery was 19 and 35 days, respectively. Early myelomonocytic recovery was almost entirely due to cells arising from the non-HLA-matched expansion product and were no longer detected at day 14 in all but 2 patients. The probability of 3-years disease free survival was 86%. No TRM was observed throughout the study period, and only 2 patients relapsed. All patients presented with grade II acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) at a median time of 32 days, with no grade III-IV aGVHD observed. At 2 years only 2 patients remain on immunosuppressive therapy for mild chronic GVHD. This phase II safety study demonstrate that infusion of an off-the-shelf non-HLA-matched expanded CB product in addition to a conventional CB graft was safe and led to sustained myeloid recovery. Based on these encouraging results, a prospective multicenter randomized trial utilizing this product has been conducted and results will be soon released. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01175785.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Milano
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - L A Thur
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J Blake
- Deverra Therapeutics, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - C Delaney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Deverra Therapeutics, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Traianos E, Dibnah B, Lendrem D, Clark Y, Macrae V, Slater V, Wood K, Storey D, Simon B, Blake J, Tarn J, Ng WF. AB0051 THE EFFECTS OF NON-INVASIVE VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION ON IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES OF FATIGUE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME, FIBROMYALGIA, AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Fatigue is reported as a common symptom among autoimmune and other chronic diseases such as fibromyalgia (FM), a long-term condition with uncertain pathophysiology. Previous studies from our group suggest that non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) may contribute to the improvement of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) of fatigue in patients with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (1).Objectives:This follow-up study uses the gammaCore device (electroCore) to assess the effect of nVNS on PROMs of fatigue and immune responses in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), FM and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:The study included thirteen CFS, fourteen FM and fifteen RA patients who used the gammaCore nVNS device twice daily over a 26-day period. Pre- and post- nVNS bloods were drawn at baseline and final visits. Whole blood samples were stimulated with 2 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the IL-6 and TNF-α cytokine concentrations were quantified at 24 hours. In addition, the epidermal growth factor (EGF), IFN-γ, IL-6, IP-10, MIP-1α, and TNF-α levels were measured in ‘pre-nVNS’ serum and flow cytometric profiles of whole blood immune cells were analysed. The patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) recorded at each visit were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (0-100 cm) of abnormal fatigue, Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale, Orthostatic Grading Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (daytime sleepiness), and Profile of fatigue (PRO-F) for Physical and Mental fatigue. Paired t-tests were performed to assess for changes in PROMs, cytokine levels, and cell subset distribution and associations of cytokine response with PROMs were investigated by correlation analyses.Results:Eleven CFS, twelve FM and fourteen RA patients completed the study. There was a significant reduction in daytime sleepiness in CFS (p =0.0321) and FM (p =0.0294) patients between the final and baseline visits and a significant reduction in HAD depression (p =0.0413) in FM (Fig.1). Improvement in VAS for abnormal fatigue, HAD-Anxiety, HAD-Depression, PRO-F Physical and Mental fatigue was observed in all three groups over the study period with a reduction in VAS fatigue in 64% of CFS, 67% of FM and 62% of RA patients. There were no significant changes in the immune cell subsets or in cytokine response. Finally, higher baseline pre-nVNS supernatant IL-6 levels were predictive of an improvement in VAS fatigue (p =0.0006), Daytime Sleepiness (p =0.0466) and PRO-F Physical fatigue (p =0.0196) in RA, while higher baseline TNF-α levels were predictive of an improvement in VAS fatigue (p =0.0003), Daytime Sleepiness (p =0.0380), Orthostatic (p =0.0281) and PRO-F Physical fatigue (p =0.0007) in FM.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that nVNS may contribute to the improvement of PROMs of fatigue in CFS, FM and RA. NVNS led to significant reductions in daytime sleepiness in CFS and FM, and depression in FM. Further studies and a larger sample size are needed to investigate the potential effects of nVNS on diseases characterised by persistent fatigue.References:[1]Tarn J, Legg S, Mitchell S, Simon B, Ng WF. The Effects of Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Fatigue and Immune Responses in Patients With Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome. Neuromodulation Technol Neural Interface. 2018;22(5):580–5.Figure 1.VAS for abnormal fatigue and PROMs recorded at baseline and final visits in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Boxplots show the median, upper, and lower quartiles for PROMs at visit 1 and visit 3 in each disease group. Paired-t tests revealed a significant reduction in daytime sleepiness in CFS and FM (B), and a significant reduction in HAD depression in FM (E). Improvement trends were observed in VAS for abnormal fatigue, HAD-Anxiety, HAD-Depression, PRO-F Physical fatigue and PRO-F Mental fatigue in all three groups over the 26-day study period.Acknowledgements:This study received infrastructural support from the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre at Newcastle Hospitals Foundation Trust and Newcastle University.Disclosure of Interests:Emmanuella Traianos: None declared, Bethany Dibnah: None declared, Dennis Lendrem: None declared, Yasmin Clark: None declared, Victoria Macrae: None declared, Victoria Slater: None declared, Karl Wood: None declared, David Storey: None declared, Bruce Simon Shareholder of: Bruce Simon is an employee and shareholder of electroCore., Employee of: electroCore, Inc., Justyna Blake Shareholder of: Justyna Blake is an employee of electroCore, and receives stock ownership., Employee of: electroCore, Inc., Jessica Tarn: None declared, Wan Fai Ng: None declared
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Di Francesco J, Mastromonaco GF, Checkley SL, Blake J, Rowell JE, Kutz S. Qiviut cortisol reflects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 306:113737. [PMID: 33610573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) are increasingly exposed to a broad diversity of stressors in their rapidly changing Arctic environment. There is an urgent need to develop validated tools to monitor the impact of these stressors on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity of muskoxen to help inform conservation actions. Here, we evaluated whether muskox qiviut (dense wooly undercoat) cortisol accurately reflects changes in HPA axis activity. Two repeated pharmacological challenges, involving weekly administrations of saline (control group) or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) during five consecutive weeks, were done on captive muskoxen, in winter (no hair growth) and summer (maximum hair growth). Pre-challenge qiviut cortisol levels were significantly higher in the shoulder than in the neck, but neither differed from rump concentrations. Qiviut cortisol levels significantly increased (p < 0.001) in response to the administration of ACTH during the hair growth phase, but not in the absence of growth (p = 0.84). Cortisol levels in the qiviut segment grown during the summer challenge increased significantly over a six-month period in the ACTH-injected muskoxen with a similar trend occurring in the control animals. Finally, cortisol levels in shed qiviut were significantly higher and not correlated to those of fully grown qiviut shaved three months earlier. Our results show that cortisol is deposited in qiviut during its growth and that qiviut cortisol can thus be used as an integrated measure of HPA axis activity over the period of the hair's growth. Differences in qiviut cortisol across body regions, significant differences in qiviut segments over time, and differences between shed qiviut versus unshed qiviut, highlight the importance of consistent design and methodology for sample collection and analyses in order to account for sources of variation when using qiviut cortisol as a biomarker of HPA axis activity in muskoxen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Di Francesco
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada; French Armed Forces Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CESPA), Marseille, France.
| | - G F Mastromonaco
- Reproductive Sciences Unit, Toronto Zoo, 361A Old Finch Avenue, Scarborough, Ontario M1B 5K7, Canada
| | - S L Checkley
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - J Blake
- Animal Resources Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1033 Sheenjek Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6980, USA
| | - J E Rowell
- Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7500, USA
| | - S Kutz
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
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del Peso Santos T, Alvarez L, Sit B, Irazoki O, Blake J, Warner BR, Warr AR, Bala A, Benes V, Waldor MK, Fredrick K, Cava F. BipA exerts temperature-dependent translational control of biofilm-associated colony morphology in Vibrio cholerae. eLife 2021; 10:e60607. [PMID: 33588990 PMCID: PMC7886329 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to shifting temperatures is crucial for the survival of the bacterial pathogen Vibrio cholerae. Here, we show that colony rugosity, a biofilm-associated phenotype, is regulated by temperature in V. cholerae strains that naturally lack the master biofilm transcriptional regulator HapR. Using transposon-insertion mutagenesis, we found the V. cholerae ortholog of BipA, a conserved ribosome-associated GTPase, is critical for this temperature-dependent phenomenon. Proteomic analyses revealed that loss of BipA alters the synthesis of >300 proteins in V. cholerae at 22°C, increasing the production of biofilm-related proteins including the key transcriptional activators VpsR and VpsT, as well as proteins important for diverse cellular processes. At low temperatures, BipA protein levels increase and are required for optimal ribosome assembly in V. cholerae, suggesting that control of BipA abundance is a mechanism by which bacteria can remodel their proteomes. Our study reveals a remarkable new facet of V. cholerae's complex biofilm regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa del Peso Santos
- The laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Laura Alvarez
- The laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Brandon Sit
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases and Harvard Medical School Department of Microbiology and ImmunobiologyBoston, MAUnited States
| | - Oihane Irazoki
- The laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jonathon Blake
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Benjamin R Warner
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUnited States
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUnited States
| | - Alyson R Warr
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases and Harvard Medical School Department of Microbiology and ImmunobiologyBoston, MAUnited States
| | - Anju Bala
- The laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthew K Waldor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases and Harvard Medical School Department of Microbiology and ImmunobiologyBoston, MAUnited States
| | - Kurt Fredrick
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUnited States
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHUnited States
| | - Felipe Cava
- The laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå UniversityUmeåSweden
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Clendon T, McAlister C, Blake J, Elliott J, Smyth D, McClean D, Adamson P, Puri A. A027 Coronary Intravascular Lithotripsy; Early Experiences at a Single Centre. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carr AS, Shah S, Choi D, Blake J, Phadke R, Gilbertson J, Whelan CJ, Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN, Reilly MM. Spinal Stenosis in Familial Transthyretin Amyloidosis. J Neuromuscul Dis 2019; 6:267-270. [PMID: 30856118 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-180348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a patient with genetically confirmed ATTR, a family history of the disease and histological confirmation following carpal tunnel release surgery but no other manifestations. The first major neurological or systemic manifestation was cauda equina syndrome with ATTR deposits contributing to lumbar spinal stenosis. Recent gene therapy trials showed improvement in the neuropathy in TTR amyloidosis. This case highlights the need for awareness of the heterogeneous neurological phenotype seen in ATTR to aid earlier diagnosis especially now that disease modifying therapies are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Carr
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - S Shah
- Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - D Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - J Blake
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich UK
| | - R Phadke
- Department of Neuropathology, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - J Gilbertson
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - C J Whelan
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - A D Wechalekar
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - J D Gillmore
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - P N Hawkins
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK
| | - M M Reilly
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
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Blake J. Teaching Students How to Create and Implement a Science-Based Nutrition Education Podcast. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bugiardini E, Khan A, Phadke R, Lynch D, Cortese A, Feng L, Gang Q, Pittman A, Morrow J, Turner C, Carr A, Quinlivan R, Rossor A, Holton J, Parton M, Blake J, Reilly M, Houlden H, Matthews E, Hanna M. EP.103Genetic and phenotypic characterisation of inherited myopathies in a tertiary neuromuscular centre. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Greer C, Puri A, Sutherland J, Blake J, McClean D, Elliott J, Smyth D. Borderline Coronary Physiology – Are All Vessels Equal? Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jahangiri B, Greer C, Sutherland J, McAlister C, Verryt T, Elliott J, McClean D, Blake J, Smyth D, Puri A. Cut-Off Values in Coronary Physiology: Does One Size Fit All Vessels? Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Valentine J, Saladyanant T, Ramsey K, Blake J, Morelli T, Southerland J, Quinlivan EB, Phillips C, Nelson J, DeParis K, Webster-Cyriaque J. Impact of periodontal intervention on local inflammation, periodontitis, and HIV outcomes. Oral Dis 2017; 22 Suppl 1:87-97. [PMID: 27109277 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine active periodontal disease status in HIV and to determine the impact of periodontal disease resolution on HIV status. METHODS In this longitudinal cohort study, 73 HIV-positive subjects received comprehensive dental care. AAP, CDC/AAP, and BGI case definitions determined periodontal classification. Likelihood and frequency of moderate/severe periodontal disease were assessed based on demographic variables. The influence of periodontal intervention was assessed at baseline, 12, and 24 months. IL-6 was measured in a subset of subjects. RESULTS Of the periodontal classifications, BGI demonstrated the highest percentage category improvement with the intervention (>50%). Moderate/severe periodontitis was positively associated with HIV regardless of race, smoking status, gender, income level, and age, and was associated with increased IL-6. At baseline, the majority of subjects had severe periodontal disease regardless of ART status. Subjects with suppressed viral load at baseline demonstrated a significant improvement in BGI classification (P = 0.026), increased CD4 counts (P = 0.027), and decreased IL-6 levels (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Periodontal inflammation was prevalent regardless of ART status. In virologically suppressed subjects, the intervention decreased periodontitis with a concomitant IL-6 decrease and CD4 increase. These findings suggest a relationship between periodontal inflammation, oral microbial translocation, and HIV status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Valentine
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T Saladyanant
- Department of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K Ramsey
- Department of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Blake
- Department of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T Morelli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Southerland
- MeHarry School of Dentistry, Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - E B Quinlivan
- Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C Phillips
- Department of Dental Research, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jae Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K DeParis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Webster-Cyriaque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Kugathasan U, Laurá M, Tomaselli P, Evans M, Pittmann A, Sinclair C, Hornemann T, Suriyanarayanan S, Phadke R, Lauria G, Lombardi R, Polke J, Bennett D, Houlden H, Blake J, Reilly M. Hereditory Sensory Neuropathy Type 1 ( SPTLC1 ): phenotypic variation in patients with the English founder mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(17)30296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Franzen J, Zirkel A, Blake J, Rath B, Benes V, Papantonis A, Wagner W. Senescence-associated DNA methylation is stochastically acquired in subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells. Aging Cell 2017; 16:183-191. [PMID: 27785870 PMCID: PMC5242294 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Replicative senescence has a major impact on function and integrity of cell preparations. This process is reflected by continuous DNA methylation (DNAm) changes at specific CpG dinucleotides in the course of in vitro culture, and such modifications can be used to estimate the state of cellular senescence for quality control of cell preparations. Still, it is unclear how senescence‐associated DNAm changes are regulated and whether they occur simultaneously across a cell population. In this study, we analyzed global DNAm profiles of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to demonstrate that senescence‐associated DNAm changes are overall similar in these different cell types. Subsequently, an Epigenetic‐Senescence‐Signature, based on six CpGs, was either analyzed by pyrosequencing or by bar‐coded bisulfite amplicon sequencing. There was a good correlation between predicted and real passage numbers in bulk populations of MSCs (R2 = 0.67) and HUVECs (R2 = 0.97). However, when we analyzed the Epigenetic‐Senescence‐Signature in subclones of MSCs, the predictions revealed high variation and they were not related to the adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation potential of the subclones. Notably, in clonally derived subpopulations, the DNAm levels of neighboring CpGs differed extensively, indicating that these genomic regions are not synchronously modified during senescence. Taken together, senescence‐associated DNAm changes occur in a highly reproducible manner, but they are not synchronously co‐regulated. They rather appear to be acquired stochastically—potentially evoked by other epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University Medical School; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Anne Zirkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC); University of Cologne; 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Jonathon Blake
- Genomics Core Facility; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); 69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- Department for Orthopedics; RWTH Aachen University Medical School; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); 69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC); University of Cologne; 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University Medical School; 52074 Aachen Germany
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De Santi C, Vencken S, Blake J, Haase B, Benes V, Gemignani F, Landi S, Greene CM. Identification of MiR-21-5p as a Functional Regulator of Mesothelin Expression Using MicroRNA Capture Affinity Coupled with Next Generation Sequencing. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170999. [PMID: 28125734 PMCID: PMC5268774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate mRNA expression mainly by silencing target transcripts via binding to miRNA recognition elements (MREs) in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR). The identification of bona fide targets is challenging for researchers working on the functional aspect of miRNAs. Recently, we developed a method (miR-CATCH) based on biotinylated DNA antisense oligonucleotides that capture the mRNA of interest and facilitates the characterisation of miRNAs::mRNA interactions in a physiological cellular context. Here, the miR-CATCH technique was applied to the mesothelin (MSLN) gene and coupled with next generation sequencing (NGS), to identify miRNAs that regulate MSLN mRNA and that may be responsible for its increased protein levels found in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Biotinylated MSLN oligos were employed to isolate miRNA::MSLN mRNA complexes from a normal cell line (Met-5A) which expresses low levels of MSLN. MiRNAs targeting the MSLN mRNA were identified by NGS and miR-21-5p and miR-100-5p were selected for further validation analyses. MiR-21-5p was shown to be able to modulate MSLN expression in miRNA mimic experiments in a panel of malignant and non-malignant cell lines. Further miRNA inhibitor experiments and luciferase assays in Mero-14 cells validated miR-21-5p as a true regulator of MSLN. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that treatment with miR-21-5p mimic reduced proliferation of MPM cell lines. Altogether, this work shows that the miR-CATCH technique, coupled with NGS and in vitro validation, represents a reliable method to identify native miRNA::mRNA interactions. MiR-21-5p is suggested as novel regulator of MSLN with a possible functional role in cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Santi
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Sebastian Vencken
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Jonathon Blake
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bettina Haase
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Catherine M. Greene
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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Shepherd P, Draffan J, Beattie V, McNaught H, Kefyalew S, Hill M, Clayton K, Morley J, Bolton S, Denby D, Jeffs Y, McPhelim J, Blake J, Rees P, Roberts J. 91: Can the early intervention of the Lung Cancer CNS reduce the length of stay for patients admitted via the emergency route on first presentation? Lung Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(17)30141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Blake J, Kolakowski G, Tuch B, Ebata K, Brandhuber B, Winski S, Bouhana K, Nanda N, Wu W, Parker A, Hamor R, Larsen P, Sullivan F, DeWolf W, Neitzel N, Wollenberg L, Andrews S, Rothenberg S. The development of LOXO-195, a second generation TRK kinase inhibitor that overcomes acquired resistance to 1st generation inhibitors observed in patients with TRK-fusion cancers. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)33029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Brandhuber B, Haas J, Tuch B, Ebata K, Bouhana K, McFaddin E, Williams L, Winski S, Brown E, Burkhard M, Nanda N, Hamor R, Sullivan F, Hanson L, Morales T, Vigers G, Wallace R, Blake J, Andrews S, Rothenberg S. The development of a potent, KDR/VEGFR2-sparing RET kinase inhibitor for treating patients with RET-dependent cancers. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)33028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Hart M, Sampson M, Hextall M, Goulter P, Blake J, Troughton R, Smyth D. Significant Improvements in Six Minute Walk Test, Quality of Life, and ECHO Parameters Are Evident at 6 Weeks and Sustained at 6 Months After TAVI. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Carr AS, Pelayo-Negro AL, Evans MR, Laurà M, Blake J, Stancanelli C, Iodice V, Wechalekar AD, Whelan CJ, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN, Reilly MM. A study of the neuropathy associated with transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) in the UK. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:620-7. [PMID: 26243339 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-310907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is usually characterised by a progressive peripheral and autonomic neuropathy often with associated cardiac failure and is due to dominantly inherited transthyretin mutations causing accelerated amyloid deposition. The UK population is unique in that the majority of patients have the T60A missense mutation in ATTR where tyrosine is replaced by adenine at position 60. This has been traced to a single founder mutation from north-west Ireland. The neuropathy phenotype is less well described than the cardiac manifestations in this group. METHODS We present the findings from an observational cohort study of patients with ATTR attending the National Hospital Inherited Neuropathy Clinic between 2009 and 2013. Detailed clinical neurological and electrophysiological data were collected on all patients alongside correlating autonomic and cardiac assessments. Follow-up data were available on a subset. RESULTS Forty-four patients with genetically confirmed ATTR were assessed; 37 were symptomatic; mean age at onset=62 years, range=38-75 years; 75.7% male. T60A was the most common mutation (17/37), followed by V30M (5/37). A severe, rapidly progressive, predominantly length dependent axonal sensorimotor neuropathy was the predominant phenotype. T60A patients were distinguished by earlier and more frequent association with carpal tunnel syndrome; a predominance of negative sensory symptoms at onset; significant vibration deficits; and a non-length dependent progression of motor deficit. Progression of the neuropathy was observed over a relatively short follow-up period (2 years) in 20 patients with evidence of clinically measurable annual change in Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score (-1.5 points per year) and Charcot Marie Tooth Neuropathy Score (CMTNS:2.7 points per year), and a congruent trend in the electrophysiological measures used. CONCLUSION The description of the ATTR neuropathy phenotype, especially in the T60A patients, should aid early diagnosis as well as contribute to the understanding of its natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Carr
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - A L Pelayo-Negro
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Department of Neurology, University Hospital "Marqués de Valdecilla", Santander, Spain
| | - M Rb Evans
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - M Laurà
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - J Blake
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - C Stancanelli
- Autonomic unit, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - V Iodice
- Autonomic unit, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - A D Wechalekar
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - C J Whelan
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - J D Gillmore
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - P N Hawkins
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - M M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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22
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Carr AS, Pelayo-Negro AL, Jaunmuktane Z, Scalco RS, Hutt D, Evans MRB, Heally E, Brandner S, Holton J, Blake J, Whelan CJ, Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN, Reilly MM. Transthyretin V122I amyloidosis with clinical and histological evidence of amyloid neuropathy and myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2015; 25:511-5. [PMID: 25819286 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease manifesting with predominant peripheral and autonomic neuropathy; cardiomyopathy, or both. ATTR V122I is the most common variant associated with non-neuropathic familial amyloid cardiomyopathy. We present an unusual case of V122I amyloidosis with features of amyloid neuropathy and myopathy, supported by histological confirmation in both sites and diffuse tracer uptake on (99m)Tc-3,3-Diphosphono-1,2-Propanodicarboxylic acid (DPD) scintigraphy throughout skeletal and cardiac muscle. A 64 year old Jamaican man presented with cardiac failure. Cardiac MR revealed infiltrative cardiomyopathy; abdominal fat aspirate confirmed the presence of amyloid, and he was homozygous for the V122I variant of transthyretin. He also described general weakness and EMG demonstrated myopathic features. Sural nerve and vastus lateralis biopsy showed TTR amyloid. The patient is being treated with diflunisal, an oral TTR stabilising agent. Symptomatic myopathy and neuropathy with confirmation of tissue amyloid deposition has not previously been described. Extracardiac amyloidosis has implications for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Carr
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
| | - A L Pelayo-Negro
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK; University Hospital "Marqués de Valdecilla", Department of Neurology, Santander, Spain
| | - Z Jaunmuktane
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - R S Scalco
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK; Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - D Hutt
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - M R B Evans
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - E Heally
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - S Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - J Holton
- Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - J Blake
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - C J Whelan
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - A D Wechalekar
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - J D Gillmore
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - P N Hawkins
- National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - M M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
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Hii T, McClean D, Puri A, Blake J, Elliott J, Smyth D. Medium-term outcomes after the use of bioresorbable scaffolds for treatment of coronary stenosis in real-world clinical practice: The Christchurch experience. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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van Wyk P, Smyth D, Blake J, Elliott J, McClean D, Puri A. 4-Year outcomes of maximal versus sub-maximal revascularisation in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction with separate non-culprit lesions: The Christchurch experience. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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van Wyk P, Smyth D, Blake J, Elliott J, McClean D, Puri A, Yi M. Long-term outcomes of multivessel intervention versus culprit vessel intervention in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: The Christchurch experience. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Carr A, Jaunmuktane Z, Pelayo H, Hutt D, Brandner Holton S, Blake J, Whelan CJ, Wechalekar AD, Gilmore JD, Hawkins PN, Reilly MM. CARDIAC AND EXTRACARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS IN V122I ATTR. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309236.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Blake J, Riddell A, Theiss S, Gonzalez AP, Haase B, Jauch A, Janssen JWG, Ibberson D, Pavlinic D, Moog U, Benes V, Runz H. Sequencing of a patient with balanced chromosome abnormalities and neurodevelopmental disease identifies disruption of multiple high risk loci by structural variation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90894. [PMID: 24625750 PMCID: PMC3953210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced chromosome abnormalities (BCAs) occur at a high frequency in healthy and diseased individuals, but cost-efficient strategies to identify BCAs and evaluate whether they contribute to a phenotype have not yet become widespread. Here we apply genome-wide mate-pair library sequencing to characterize structural variation in a patient with unclear neurodevelopmental disease (NDD) and complex de novo BCAs at the karyotype level. Nucleotide-level characterization of the clinically described BCA breakpoints revealed disruption of at least three NDD candidate genes (LINC00299, NUP205, PSMD14) that gave rise to abnormal mRNAs and could be assumed as disease-causing. However, unbiased genome-wide analysis of the sequencing data for cryptic structural variation was key to reveal an additional submicroscopic inversion that truncates the schizophrenia- and bipolar disorder-associated brain transcription factor ZNF804A as an equally likely NDD-driving gene. Deep sequencing of fluorescent-sorted wild-type and derivative chromosomes confirmed the clinically undetected BCA. Moreover, deep sequencing further validated a high accuracy of mate-pair library sequencing to detect structural variants larger than 10 kB, proposing that this approach is powerful for clinical-grade genome-wide structural variant detection. Our study supports previous evidence for a role of ZNF804A in NDD and highlights the need for a more comprehensive assessment of structural variation in karyotypically abnormal individuals and patients with neurocognitive disease to avoid diagnostic deception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Blake
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Riddell
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Theiss
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Bettina Haase
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Jauch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - David Ibberson
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- CellNetworks Sequencing Core Facility, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dinko Pavlinic
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Runz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), University of Heidelberg/EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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28
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Bettencourt P, Marion S, Pires D, Santos LF, Lastrucci C, Carmo N, Blake J, Benes V, Griffiths G, Neyrolles O, Lugo-Villarino G, Anes E. Actin-binding protein regulation by microRNAs as a novel microbial strategy to modulate phagocytosis by host cells: the case of N-Wasp and miR-142-3p. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3:19. [PMID: 23760605 PMCID: PMC3672780 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a successful intracellular pathogen that thrives in macrophages (Mφs). There is a need to better understand how Mtb alters cellular processes like phagolysosome biogenesis, a classical determinant of its pathogenesis. A central feature of this bacteria's strategy is the manipulation of Mφ actin. Here, we examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as a potential mechanism in the regulation of actin-mediated events leading to phagocytosis in the context of mycobacteria infection. Given that non-virulent Mycobacterium smegmatis also controls actin filament assembly to prolong its intracellular survival inside host cells, we performed a global transcriptomic analysis to assess the modulation of miRNAs upon M. smegmatis infection of the murine Mφ cell line, J774A.1. This approach identified miR-142-3p as a key candidate to be involved in the regulation of actin dynamics required in phagocytosis. We unequivocally demonstrate that miR-142-3p targets N-Wasp, an actin-binding protein required during microbial challenge. A gain-of-function approach for miR-142-3p revealed a down-regulation of N-Wasp expression accompanied by a decrease of mycobacteria intake, while a loss-of-function approach yielded the reciprocal increase of the phagocytosis process. Equally important, we show Mtb induces the early expression of miR-142-3p and partially down-regulates N-Wasp protein levels in both the murine J774A.1 cell line and primary human Mφs. As proof of principle, the partial siRNA-mediated knock down of N-Wasp resulted in a decrease of Mtb intake by human Mφs, reflected in lower levels of colony-forming units (CFU) counts over time. We therefore propose the modulation of miRNAs as a novel strategy in mycobacterial infection to control factors involved in actin filament assembly and other early events of phagolysosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Bettencourt
- Centro de Patogénese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Unidade dos Retrovírus e Infecções Associadas e Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa, Portugal
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29
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Davidson GL, Murphy SM, Polke JM, Laura M, Salih MAM, Muntoni F, Blake J, Brandner S, Davies N, Horvath R, Price S, Donaghy M, Roberts M, Foulds N, Ramdharry G, Soler D, Lunn MP, Manji H, Davis MB, Houlden H, Reilly MM. Frequency of mutations in the genes associated with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy in a UK cohort. J Neurol 2013; 259:1673-85. [PMID: 22302274 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-011-6397-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN, also known as the hereditary sensory neuropathies) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders, characterised by a progressive sensory neuropathy often complicated by ulcers and amputations, with variable motor and autonomic involvement. To date, mutations in twelve genes have been identified as causing HSAN. To study the frequency of mutations in these genes and the associated phenotypes, we screened 140 index patients in our inherited neuropathy cohort with a clinical diagnosis of HSAN for mutations in the coding regions of SPTLC1, RAB7, WNK1/HSN2, FAM134B, NTRK1 (TRKA) and NGFB. We identified 25 index patients with mutations in six genes associated with HSAN (SPTLC1, RAB7, WNK1/HSN2, FAM134B, NTRK1 and NGFB); 20 of which appear to be pathogenic giving an overall mutation frequency of 14.3%. Mutations in the known genes for HSAN are rare suggesting that further HSAN genes are yet to be identified. The p.Cys133Trp mutation in SPTLC1 is the most common cause of HSAN in the UK population and should be screened first in all patients with sporadic or autosomal dominant HSAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Davidson
- Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
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Arthur-Farraj P, Murphy S, Laura M, Lunn MP, Manji H, Blake J, Ramdharry G, Fox Z, Reilly M. HAND WEAKNESS IN CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE 1X. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-304200a.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Qureshi AI, Connelly B, Abbott EI, Maland E, Kim J, Blake J. Mobile applications for handheld devices to screen and randomize acute stroke patients in clinical trials. J Vasc Interv Neurol 2012; 5:26-29. [PMID: 23230462 PMCID: PMC3517025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The availability of internet connectivity and mobile application software used by low-power handheld devices makes smart phones of unique value in time-sensitive clinical trials. Trial-specific applications can be downloaded by investigators from various mobile software distribution platforms or web applications delivered over HTTP. The Antihypertensive Treatment in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (ATACH) II investigators in collaboration with MentorMate released the ATACH-II Patient Recruitment mobile application available on iPhone, Android, and Blackberry in 2011. The mobile application provides tools for pre-screening, assessment of eligibility, and randomization of patients. Since the release of ATACH-II mobile application, the CLEAR-IVH (Clot Lysis Evaluating Accelerated Resolution of Intraventricular Hemorrhage) trial investigators have also adopted such a mobile application. The video-conferencing capabilities of the most recent mobile devices open up additional opportunities to involve central coordinating centers in the recruitment process in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- AI Qureshi
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - B Connelly
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - EI Abbott
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - E Maland
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Kim
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Blake
- MentorMate, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Riedmaier I, Benes V, Blake J, Bretschneider N, Zinser C, Becker C, Meyer HH, Pfaffl MW. RNA-Sequencing as Useful Screening Tool in the Combat against the Misuse of Anabolic Agents. Anal Chem 2012; 84:6863-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301433d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irmgard Riedmaier
- Physiology Weihenstephan, and
ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technical University Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3,
85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- EMBL Heidelberg, Genomics Core Facility,
Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Jonathon Blake
- EMBL Heidelberg, Genomics Core Facility,
Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | | | | | - Christiane Becker
- Chair of Animal Nutrition, Liesel-Beckmann-Strasse
6, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Heinrich H.D. Meyer
- Physiology Weihenstephan, and
ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technical University Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3,
85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Physiology Weihenstephan, and
ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technical University Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3,
85354 Freising, Germany
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Arthur-Farraj P, Murphy S, Laura M, Lunn M, Manji H, Blake J, Ramdharry G, Fox Z, Reilly M. Hand weakness in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 1X. Neuromuscul Disord 2012; 22:622-6. [PMID: 22464564 PMCID: PMC3657175 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There have been suggestions from previous studies that patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) have weaker dominant hand muscles. Since all studies to date have included a heterogeneous group of CMT patients we decided to analyse hand strength in 43 patients with CMT1X. We recorded handedness and the MRC scores for the first dorsal interosseous and abductor pollicis brevis muscles, median and ulnar nerve compound motor action potentials and conduction velocities in dominant and non-dominant hands. Twenty-two CMT1X patients (51%) had a weaker dominant hand; none had a stronger dominant hand. Mean MRC scores were significantly higher for first dorsal interosseous and abductor pollicis brevis in non-dominant hands compared to dominant hands. Median nerve compound motor action potentials were significantly reduced in dominant compared to non-dominant hands. We conclude that the dominant hand is weaker than the non-dominant hand in patients with CMT1X.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.J. Arthur-Farraj
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
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Simpson JC, Joggerst B, Laketa V, Verissimo F, Cetin C, Erfle H, Bexiga MG, Singan VR, Hériché JK, Neumann B, Mateos A, Blake J, Bechtel S, Benes V, Wiemann S, Ellenberg J, Pepperkok R. Genome-wide RNAi screening identifies human proteins with a regulatory function in the early secretory pathway. Nat Cell Biol 2012; 14:764-74. [DOI: 10.1038/ncb2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Rausch T, Jones DTW, Zapatka M, Stütz AM, Zichner T, Weischenfeldt J, Jäger N, Remke M, Shih D, Northcott PA, Pfaff E, Tica J, Wang Q, Massimi L, Witt H, Bender S, Pleier S, Cin H, Hawkins C, Beck C, von Deimling A, Hans V, Brors B, Eils R, Scheurlen W, Blake J, Benes V, Kulozik AE, Witt O, Martin D, Zhang C, Porat R, Merino DM, Wasserman J, Jabado N, Fontebasso A, Bullinger L, Rücker FG, Döhner K, Döhner H, Koster J, Molenaar JJ, Versteeg R, Kool M, Tabori U, Malkin D, Korshunov A, Taylor MD, Lichter P, Pfister SM, Korbel JO. Genome sequencing of pediatric medulloblastoma links catastrophic DNA rearrangements with TP53 mutations. Cell 2012; 148:59-71. [PMID: 22265402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 630] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Genomic rearrangements are thought to occur progressively during tumor development. Recent findings, however, suggest an alternative mechanism, involving massive chromosome rearrangements in a one-step catastrophic event termed chromothripsis. We report the whole-genome sequencing-based analysis of a Sonic-Hedgehog medulloblastoma (SHH-MB) brain tumor from a patient with a germline TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni syndrome), uncovering massive, complex chromosome rearrangements. Integrating TP53 status with microarray and deep sequencing-based DNA rearrangement data in additional patients reveals a striking association between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis in SHH-MBs. Analysis of additional tumor entities substantiates a link between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis, and indicates a context-specific role for p53 in catastrophic DNA rearrangements. Among these, we observed a strong association between somatic TP53 mutations and chromothripsis in acute myeloid leukemia. These findings connect p53 status and chromothripsis in specific tumor types, providing a genetic basis for understanding particularly aggressive subtypes of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Rausch
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Cottenie E, Laurá M, Hanna M, Dick D, Blake J, Houlden H, Reilly M. P41 Genetic analysis of FIG4 in patients with CMT. Neuromuscul Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(12)70049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Murphy S, Laurá M, Ernst D, Liu YT, Blake J, Donaghy M, Winer J, Houlden H, Hornemann T, Reilly M. P46 Clinical and genetic characterisation of hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 caused by mutations in SPTLC2. Neuromuscul Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(12)70054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lauraá M, Murphy S, Hornemann T, Bode H, Polke J, Blake J, Houlden H, Reilly M. P42 Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1: correlation of severity and plasma atypical deoxy-sphyngoid bases. Neuromuscul Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(12)70050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Elliott J, Lane R, Frampton C, Blake J, McClean D, Smyth D. Decreases in Mortality after Treatment of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) between 1997 and 2010. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Saireddy R, Elliott J, Smyth D, McClean D, Blake J. Long-Term Outcomes after ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Everolimus Eluting Stents or Bare Metal Stents. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Jones DTW, Zapatka M, Jäger N, Wang Q, Stuetz A, Rausch T, Benes V, Blake J, Korshunov A, Schmidt M, Bartholomae C, Witt O, Taylor MD, Kalle CV, Brors B, Eils R, Korbel J, Lichter P, Pfister SM. First Results from the International Cancer Genome Consortium PedBrain Tumor Project on Whole-Genome Deep Sequencing in Medulloblastoma. Klin Padiatr 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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42
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Benes V, Blake J, Doyle K. Ribo-Zero Gold Kit: improved RNA-seq results after removal of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ribosomal RNA. Nat Methods 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.f.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Baay-Guzman GJ, Huerta-Yepez S, Vega MI, Aguilar-Leon D, Campillos M, Blake J, Benes V, Hernandez-Pando R, Teran LM. Role of CXCL13 in asthma: novel therapeutic target. Chest 2011; 141:886-894. [PMID: 22016489 DOI: 10.1378/chest.11-0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cells play an important role in allergic asthma. However, the mechanisms by which these cells are activated in the airways remain poorly understood. METHODS We used a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic inflammation to study CXCL13 and to investigate the concentration of this chemokine in the BAL fluid derived from asthmatic and normal control subjects. RESULTS We found that OVA-challenged mice upregulate the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis, which is associated with several changes in their airways, including recruitment of B and CD4(+) cells, development of bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue, and airway inflammation. Treating sensitized mice with an anti-CXCL13 antibody reduced cell recruitment, bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue formation, and airways inflammation. Interestingly, measurements of CXCL13 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that levels of this cytokine were significantly elevated in BAL fluid from subjects with asthma compared with control subjects (median, 162 [range, 120-296] vs 31 [range, 120-156] pg/mL; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS All together, these findings suggest that CXCL13 is involved in the allergic airway inflammatory process, and targeting this chemokine may constitute a novel approach in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Oncologicas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario I Vega
- Unidad de Investigación Medica en Oncologia, CMN sXXI IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Aguilar-Leon
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Monica Campillos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathon Blake
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rogelio Hernandez-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis M Teran
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Polke JM, Laurá M, Pareyson D, Taroni F, Milani M, Bergamin G, Gibbons VS, Houlden H, Chamley SC, Blake J, Devile C, Sandford R, Sweeney MG, Davis MB, Reilly MM. Recessive axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease due to compound heterozygous mitofusin 2 mutations. Neurology 2011; 77:168-73. [PMID: 21715711 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182242d4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in mitofusin 2 (MFN2) are the most common cause of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2). Over 50 mutations have been reported, mainly causing autosomal dominant disease, though families with homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations have been described. We present 3 families with early-onset CMT2 associated with compound heterozygous MFN2 mutations. Transcriptional analysis was performed to investigate the effects of the mutations. METHODS Patients were examined clinically and electrophysiologically; parents were also examined where available. Genetic investigations included MFN2 DNA sequencing and dosage analysis by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. MFN2 mRNA transcripts from blood lymphocytes were analyzed in 2 families. RESULTS Compound heterozygosity for MFN2 mutations was associated with early-onset CMT2 of varying severity between pedigrees. Parents, where examined, were unaffected and were heterozygous for the expected mutations. Four novel mutations were detected (one missense, one nonsense, an intragenic deletion of exons 7 + 8, and a 3-base pair deletion), as well as 2 previously reported missense mutations. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated aberrant splicing of the exonic deletion and indicated nonsense-mediated decay of mutant alleles with premature truncating mutations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that MFN2 mutations can cause early-onset CMT2 with apparent recessive inheritance. Novel genetic findings include an intragenic MFN2 deletion and nonsense-mediated decay. Carrier parents were asymptomatic, suggesting that MFN2 null alleles can be nonpathogenic unless coinherited with another mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Polke
- Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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Marshall CJ, Mckenzie JL, Moccata T, Nallaratnam M, Blake J, Frampton C, Richards M, Kettle AJ, Mcclean DR. 13 Neutrophil activation at the culprit lesion in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with multiple complex coronary plaques. Heart 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300198.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Blake
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - P. Szauter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - J. M. Ward
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine
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47
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Murphy S, Davidson G, Laurá M, Salih M, Muntoni F, Lunn M, Blake J, Brandner S, Polke J, Davies M, Houlden H, Reilly M. P41 Genetic mutation frequency in patients with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN). Neuromuscul Disord 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(11)70060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Toien O, Blake J, Edgar DM, Grahn DA, Heller HC, Barnes BM. Hibernation in Black Bears: Independence of Metabolic Suppression from Body Temperature. Science 2011; 331:906-9. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1199435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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49
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Chan C, Crozier I, Bridgman P, Lainchbury J, Elliott J, Troughton R, Blake J, McClean D, Melton I, Smyth D. Cardiology Admissions Following the 2010 and 2011 Christchurch Earthquakes. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Russo M, Laurá M, Polke JM, Davis MB, Blake J, Brandner S, Hughes RAC, Houlden H, Bennett DLH, Lunn MPT, Reilly MM. Variable phenotypes are associated with PMP22 missense mutations. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 21:106-14. [PMID: 21194947 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the commonest hereditary neuropathy encompassing a large group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. The commonest form of CMT, CMT1A, is usually caused by a 1.4 megabase duplication of chromosome 17 containing the PMP22 gene. Mutations of PMP22 are a less common cause of CMT. We describe clinical, electrophysiological and molecular findings of 10 patients carrying PMP22 missense mutations. The phenotype varied from mild hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) to severe CMT1. We identified six different point mutations, including two novel mutations. Three families were also found to harbour a Thr118Met mutation. Although PMP22 point mutations are not common, our findings highlight the importance of sequencing the PMP22 gene in patients with variable CMT phenotypes and also confirm that the PMP22 Thr118Met mutation is associated with a neuropathy albeit with reduced penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Russo
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Molecular Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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