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Kopel J, Babb FC, Hasker W, Webb M, Gorga CC, Oommen KJ, Brower GL, Coleman A. Suffering and divine impassibility. Proc AMIA Symp 2022; 35:139-141. [PMID: 34970065 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1981674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many theologians believe in the doctrine of divine impassibility: that God does not experience pain or pleasure from the actions of creation. However, the question inevitably touches upon our personal relationship and journey with God, a journey involving deep joys and pains. This discussion of divine impassibility relates to the medical profession, which seeks to heal the sick and comfort the dying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kopel
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Franklyn C Babb
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - William Hasker
- Department of Philosophy, Huntington University, Huntington, Indiana
| | - Mark Webb
- Department of Philosophy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | | | | | - Gregory L Brower
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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Chyu MC, Austin T, Calisir F, Chanjaplammootil S, Davis MJ, Favela J, Gan H, Gefen A, Haddas R, Hahn-Goldberg S, Hornero R, Huang YL, Jensen Ø, Jiang Z, Katsanis JS, Lee JA, Lewis G, Lovell NH, Luebbers HT, Morales GG, Matis T, Matthews JT, Mazur L, Ng EYK, Oommen KJ, Ormand K, Rohde T, Sánchez-Morillo D, Sanz-Calcedo JG, Sawan M, Shen CL, Shieh JS, Su CT, Sun L, Sun M, Sun Y, Tewolde SN, Williams EA, Yan C, Zhang J, Zhang YT. Healthcare Engineering Defined: A White Paper. J Healthc Eng 2016; 6:635-47. [PMID: 27010831 DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.6.4.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Engineering has been playing an important role in serving and advancing healthcare. The term "Healthcare Engineering" has been used by professional societies, universities, scientific authors, and the healthcare industry for decades. However, the definition of "Healthcare Engineering" remains ambiguous. The purpose of this position paper is to present a definition of Healthcare Engineering as an academic discipline, an area of research, a field of specialty, and a profession. Healthcare Engineering is defined in terms of what it is, who performs it, where it is performed, and how it is performed, including its purpose, scope, topics, synergy, education/training, contributions, and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chien Chyu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Coordinator, Healthcare Engineering Graduate Program, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | | | - Fethi Calisir
- Industrial Engineering Department; Dean, Management Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
| | - Samuel Chanjaplammootil
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - Permian Basin (Odessa, Midland, Abilene and Dallas), Texas, USA
| | - Mark J Davis
- Operational & Clinical Excellence Leader, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jesus Favela
- Computer Science Department, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Heng Gan
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Amit Gefen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ram Haddas
- Texas Back Institute Research Foundation, Plano, Texas, USA
| | | | - Roberto Hornero
- Biomedical Engineering Group, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Zhongwei Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - J S Katsanis
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - Jeong-A Lee
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Korea
| | | | - Nigel H Lovell
- University of New South Wales, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heinz-Theo Luebbers
- Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,University Hospital and Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George G Morales
- Physical Plant & Support Services, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy Matis
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Texas Tech University, Texas, USA
| | - Judith T Matthews
- School of Nursing and University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Lukasz Mazur
- Healthcare Engineering Division, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eddie Yin-Kwee Ng
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - K J Oommen
- Epilepsy Clinics, Covenant Medical Group; Chief, Section of Internal Medicine, Covenant Hospital, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | | | - Tarald Rohde
- SINTEF, Technology and Society, Hospital Planning, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Mohamad Sawan
- Polystim Neurotechnology Lab, Polytechnique, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Jiann-Shing Shieh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ton Su
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Lilly Sun
- School of Systems Engineering, University of Reading, UK
| | - Mingui Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Electrical Engineering; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Sun
- 3D Surgical Planning Lab - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Imaging & Pathology/OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Senay N Tewolde
- HJF Advancement of Military Medicine, Navy Medical Research Unit, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eric A Williams
- Chief Quality Officer-Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital; Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Sections of Critical Care and Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chongjun Yan
- College of Management Science & Engineering, Dongbei University of Finance and Economic, Dalian, China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Dean, Glassell Family Foundation Distinguished Chair, Dr. Doris L. Ross Professor, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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3
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Bao FS, Gao JM, Hu J, Lie DYC, Zhang Y, Oommen KJ. Automated epilepsy diagnosis using interictal scalp EEG. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2009:6603-7. [PMID: 19963676 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5332550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Over 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy. Traditional diagnosis of epilepsy relies on tedious visual screening by highly trained clinicians from lengthy EEG recording that contains the presence of seizure (ictal) activities. Nowadays, there are many automatic systems that can recognize seizure-related EEG signals to help the diagnosis. However, it is very costly and inconvenient to obtain long-term EEG data with seizure activities, especially in areas short of medical resources. We demonstrate in this paper that we can use the interictal scalp EEG data, which is much easier to collect than the ictal data, to automatically diagnose whether a person is epileptic. In our automated EEG recognition system, we extract three classes of features from the EEG data and build Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs) fed with these features. We optimize the feature extraction parameters and combine these PNNs through a voting mechanism. As a result, our system achieves an impressive 94.07% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest Sheng Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- ME Lenaerts
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - KJ Oommen
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - JR Couch
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - V Skaggs
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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5
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Oommen KJ, Gilson GE, Nelson JW, Couch JR. A study to determine the accuracy of a computerized algorithm for interpretation of EEGs. J Okla State Med Assoc 2001; 94:400-2. [PMID: 11577629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The main use of computerized EEG has been in sleep studies. A comprehensive system of interpreting routine EEGs by computers has not yet been developed and is technically difficult. We have tried to incorporate computers in the analysis and interpretation of EEGs by using information obtained from visual analysis of EEG in the present work. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of such an algorithm. An electroencephalographer visually analyzed routine EEGs and the data was entered into an EEG Worksheet. The electroencephalographer then interpreted the data and a report was dictated and transcribed. Data from the EEG Worksheet was entered into a computer for interpretation, clinical correlation, and report preparation. Results indicate that the algorithm used with the EEG Worksheet can correctly interpret and clinically correlate visually-analyzed EEG data entered into a computer and reduce time for EEG report generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Oommen
- University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, USA
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Mathews S, Oommen KJ, Francel P. Functional reorganization of motor cortex due to brain tumor: a case report. J Okla State Med Assoc 2001; 94:7-11. [PMID: 15706807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 39-year-old man with a brain tumor and 12 years of intractable partial epilepsy with secondary generalization. After extensive noninvasive and invasive evaluation the seizure focus was localized to the right fronto-parietal region. Functional cortical mapping (FCM) was performed after craniotomy and implantation of a subdural grid with 40 electrodes covering the epileptogenic focus and the adjacent cortex. A Grass Model S12 Stimulator was used to deliver gradual increments of current and stimulus duration with fixed frequency of 10 Hz and pulse duration of 500 microsec for defining eloquent cortex next to the seizure focus. FCM demonstrated cortical representation of eye anterior to and hand posterior and inferior to expected locations on the motor cortex compared to the classical homunculus. Subsequently, he underwent resection of an oligodendroglioma. This case demonstrates that the brain undergoes reorganization of cortical motor representation as a result of pathological lesions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mathews
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Neurology, 711 Stanton Young Boulevard, Suite 215, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
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7
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Oommen KJ, Mathews S. Zonisamide: a new antiepileptic drug. Clin Neuropharmacol 1999; 22:192-200. [PMID: 10442247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Zonisamide (ZNS) is a relatively new antiepileptic medication currently available in Japan. Attempts to market the drug in the United States were thwarted by reports of nephrolithiasis by European and American investigators. However, successful marketing of the drug in Japan has resulted in a renewed interest in bringing the drug to the United States. Japanese experience with ZNS showed a broad spectrum of efficacy in the treatment of seizures, including infantile spasms and myoclonic seizures. A neuroprotective role and an antimanic effect have also been reported. The exact antiepileptic mechanism of action of ZNS is not known, but it has dose-dependent sodium channel blocking and T-type calcium channel blocking properties and free radical scavenging actions. Recommended initial adult dosage in Japan is 100-200 mg/d, increased if necessary to 200-400 mg/d, up to a maximum of 600 mg/d. In children, initial dosage is 2-4 mg/kg/d, increased if necessary to 4-8 mg/kg/d up to a maximum of 12 mg/kg/d. The recommended therapeutic plasma ZNS concentration is 10-20 mg/L. Adverse events, most notably drowsiness, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal problems, and CNS toxicity, have been noted with plasma ZNS concentrations of > 30 mg/L. A drug rash also has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Oommen
- Department of Neurology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
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Abstract
Long-term surface cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitoring was performed to test the hypothesis that temporal lobe epileptogenicity is a function of epileptic cortical perfusion. Forty-three bitemporal 2-hour periictal CBF studies were performed in 13 patients. Homotopic regions of temporal cortex maintained interictal epileptic cortical hypoperfusion and nonepileptic normal cortical CBF. At 10 minutes preictus, a statistically significant, sustained increase in CBF was detected on the epileptic temporal lobe. Two minutes preictus, there was approximation of CBF in the epileptic and nonepileptic temporal lobes. Thereafter, electrocorticographic (ECoG) and clinical seizure onset occurred. The linear relationship between CBF in the two hemispheres (epileptic and nonepileptic) was the inverse of normal (y = -0.347x + 62.767, r = 0.470, df = 95, p < 0.05). The data indicated a direct linear correlation between epileptic cortical CBF and seizure interval (frequency-1), a clinical measure of epileptogenicity (r = 0.610, df = 49, p < 0.05). Epileptogenicity was also found to be a logarithmic function of the difference between nonepileptic and epileptic cortical perfusion (r = 0.564, df = 58, t = 5.20, p < 0.05). The results showed that progressive hypoperfusion of the epileptic focus correlated with a decreased seizure interval (increased epileptogenicity). Increased perfusion of the epileptic focus correlated with an increased seizure interval (decreased epileptogenicity). The fact that CBF alterations precede ECoG seizure activity suggests that vasomotor changes may produce electrical and clinical seizure onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Weinand
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, USA
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Hoffman RG, Scott JG, Oommen KJ. Cross-validation of predicted wechsler memory scale-revised scores in a sample of patients with intractible seizures. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/12.4.336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Weinand ME, Carter LP, Oommen KJ, Hutzler R, Labiner DM, Talwar D, el-Saadany W, Ahern GL. Response of human epileptic temporal lobe cortical blood flow to hyperventilation. Epilepsy Res 1995; 21:221-6. [PMID: 8536675 DOI: 10.1016/0920-1211(95)00021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral long-term surface cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) and electrocorticographic (ECoG) monitoring were performed in eight patients with complex partial seizures. In each patient, the epileptic temporal lobe was localized using ictal ECoG. Mean seizure interval (frequency-1) off anticonvulsant medication, a clinical measure of epileptogenicity, was 1.0 +/- 0.3 h (range: 0.4 to 2.5 h). During 13 interictal hyperventilation periods, 3.6 +/- 0.6 min in duration, the mean decrease in epileptic and nonepileptic temporal cortical CBF was 13.7 +/- 2.3 versus 6.4 +/- 1.9 ml/(100 g min) (t = 2.230, d.f. = 16, P < 0.05), representing 20.9% and 10.8% reduction from baseline CBF during hyperventilation, respectively. Seizure interval decreased (i.e. frequency increased) with increasing magnitude of seizure focus CBF reduction during hyperventilation. Seizure interval was significantly correlated with epileptic temporal lobe CBF decrease during hyperventilation (R = 0.763, d.f. = 5, P < 0.05). The data suggest that, compared to nonepileptic brain, epileptic temporal lobe is particularly prone to hypoperfusion during hyperventilation. Epileptogenicity is a function of this seizure focus susceptibility to ischemia. The finding of abnormal seizure focus autoregulation during hyperventilation has implication for epileptic focus localization with cerebral blood flow analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Weinand
- Section of Neurosurgery, Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724, USA
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Weinand ME, Carter LP, Patton DD, Oommen KJ, Labiner DM, Talwar D. Long-term surface cortical cerebral blood flow monitoring in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosurgery 1994; 35:657-64. [PMID: 7808608 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-199410000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term subdural surface cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) and electrocorticographic monitoring was performed in 12 patients with complex partial seizures. A total of 40 seizures were analyzed. Baseline CBF values from nonepileptic and epileptic temporal lobe (mean +/- standard error) were 60.0 +/- 1.0 and 50.2 +/- 1.8 ml/100 g per minute, respectively (P < 0.05). In general, clinical seizure onset was preceded by a 20-minute preictal CBF increase from baseline in the epileptic temporal lobe. Peak early postictal CBF values of nonepileptic and epileptic temporal lobes were 57.7 +/- 13.3 and 89.0 +/- 21.7 ml/100 g per minute (P > 0.05) at 5.2 +/- 2.2 and 2.4 +/- 1.0 minutes (P > 0.05) after clinical seizure onset, respectively. Statistically significant differences between nonepileptic and epileptic temporal lobe CBF were detected at 50 minutes (74.0 +/- 14.2 and 37.5 +/- 9.2 ml/100 g per minute, respectively; P < 0.05) and 60 minutes (75.6 +/- 13.6 and 36.1 +/- 8.5 ml/100 g per minute, respectively; P < 0.05) postictal. The data suggest that the optimal times for CBF analysis to differentiate epileptic from nonepileptic temporal lobe are 1) during the interictal period and 2) late (50 to 60 minutes) postictal. The results of this study should improve the understanding of the dynamic cerebral perfusion patterns in the epileptic human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Weinand
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
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12
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Weinand ME, Hermann B, Wyler AR, Carter LP, Oommen KJ, Labiner D, Ahern G, Herring A. Long-term subdural strip electrocorticographic monitoring of ictal déjà vu. Epilepsia 1994; 35:1054-9. [PMID: 7925151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of 8 patients with ictal déjà vu. Subdural strip electrocorticographic (ECoG) monitoring localized the ictal epileptogenic focus as follows: right (n = 6) and left (n = 2) mesiotemporal lobe. In all 8 patients, the left hemisphere was dominant for language function based on intracarotid amytal testing. In 6 right-handed patients, ictal déjà vu was associated with a right temporal lobe focus. However, in the 2 left-handed patients, the ictal focus was left temporal lobe. Although ictal déjà vu localizes the epileptic focus to temporal lobe, this experimental phenomenon appears to lateralize to the hemisphere nondominant for handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Weinand
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
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13
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Ahern GL, Labiner DM, Hutzler R, Osburn C, Talwar D, Herring AM, Tackenberg JN, Weinand ME, Oommen KJ. Quantitative analysis of the EEG in the intracarotid amobarbital procedure. I. Amplitude analysis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1994; 91:21-32. [PMID: 7517841 DOI: 10.1016/0013-4694(94)90015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-seven subjects underwent bilateral internal carotid artery injections of amobarbital prior to surgery for intractable epilepsy. The electroencephalogram (EEG) of these patients was continuously monitored during these 74 procedures and was later subjected to quantitative analysis. Topographic mapping of these data suggested that the areas of inactivation were largely restricted to the anterior 2/3 of the hemisphere injected, corresponding to the vascular distributions of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. Graphical representation of the data demonstrated that delta and theta band activity peaked in the first 2 min post injection and decreased gradually thereafter, becoming stable at around 12 min post injection. Examination of the alpha, beta 1, and beta 2 bands suggested that activity increased and decreased more gradually than that for delta and theta, with perhaps a longer latency. Although EEG changes were most prominent in the anterior 2/3 of the inactivated hemisphere, similar (though smaller) changes were also observed in both ipsilateral and contralateral zones thought to be outside of the vascular distribution of the internal carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Ahern
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724
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Ahern GL, Herring AM, Tackenberg JN, Schwartz GE, Seeger JF, Labiner DM, Weinand ME, Oommen KJ. Affective self-report during the intracarotid sodium amobarbital test. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1994; 16:372-6. [PMID: 7929704 DOI: 10.1080/01688639408402647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Changes in internal affective state were investigated in patients undergoing the intracarotid sodium amobarbital test. It was found that when the left hemisphere was inactivated, patients rated their mood as significantly more negative than during baseline conditions. No significant change in affective state was observed during the inactivation of the right hemisphere. The findings are interpreted in terms of a differential lateralization model of emotion, in which the right hemisphere is more involved in the more powerful and salient negative affects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Ahern
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724
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15
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Salazar-Calderon Perriggo VH, Oommen KJ, Sobonya RE. Silent solitary right parietal chondroma resulting in secondary mania. Clin Neuropathol 1993; 12:325-9. [PMID: 8287625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We are reporting a case of manic depressive illness in a patient with a falxial chondroma in the right parietal region. Neurological symptoms were absent except for right hemicranial headache and examination was normal, prior to the presentation with mania. The mania responded to psychotropics. Subsequent evaluation with a head CT scan using contrast enhancement showed a 2.5 x 2 cm high density mass which on craniotomy and biopsy was noted to be a chondroma. For two years following removal, the patient remained euthymic without medication. To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported case of a chondroma in the parietal region and the first case of secondary mania associated with such a tumor.
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Ahern GL, Herring AM, Tackenberg J, Seeger JF, Oommen KJ, Labiner DM, Weinand ME. The association of multiple personality and temporolimbic epilepsy. Intracarotid amobarbital test observations. Arch Neurol 1993; 50:1020-5. [PMID: 8215959 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.1993.00540100017009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE What is the relationship of "multiple personality disorder" in patients with temporolimbic epilepsy to certain types of hemispheric interaction? DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary care referral center. PATIENTS Two patients with temporolimbic epilepsy considered to be surgical candidates referred for the intracarotid amobarbital sodium procedure (IAP). Each individual had presented with different "personalities" in a characteristic temporal relationship to their seizures. INTERVENTIONS Intracarotid amobarbital sodium procedure, Wada test, and electroencephalogram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Behavioral observations made during the performance of the IAP. RESULTS During the IAP, each patient's peri-ictal "personality" changes were precisely replicated. No seizure activity was noted during the IAPs. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that the association of multiple personality and temporolimbic epilepsy is not dependent on seizure discharges per se, but rather may be related to certain types of hemispheric interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Ahern
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724
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17
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Weinand ME, Oommen KJ. Lumbar cerebral spinal fluid drainage during long-term electrocorticographic monitoring with subdural strip electrodes: elimination of cerebral spinal fluid leak. Seizure 1993; 2:133-6. [PMID: 8167964 DOI: 10.1016/s1059-1311(05)80117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed this study to determine the efficacy of continuous lumbar cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) drainage in controlling CSF leak during subdural strip electrode monitoring of epilepsy patients. Subdural strip electrodes were placed in 14 patients. In seven patients, a lumbar sub-arachnoid catheter was placed for continuous CSF drainage. In seven patients, no lumbar drain was placed. The duration of scalp CSF leak during strip electrode monitoring was significantly reduced in patients undergoing lumbar CSF drainage compared to those without lumbar drains (chi 2 = 40.9, P < 0.05). In one patient spinal headache developed which resolved with lumbar drain removal. Lumbar drainage eliminates scalp CSF leakage and can improve patient comfort. This technique should be further studied to determine if it reduces infection risk during long-term invasive monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Weinand
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
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18
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Leppik IE, Willmore LJ, Homan RW, Fromm G, Oommen KJ, Penry JK, Sackellares JC, Smith DB, Lesser RP, Wallace JD. Efficacy and safety of zonisamide: results of a multicenter study. Epilepsy Res 1993; 14:165-73. [PMID: 8453952 DOI: 10.1016/0920-1211(93)90021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of zonisamide (ZNS), a new antiepileptic drug, was tested in 167 adult participants who entered a historical-controlled 16-week open label, multicenter study. The median percent reduction from baseline of partial seizures was 51.8% in the fourth month of the study (baseline median = 11.5 sz/month; treatment weeks 13-16 = 5.5 sz/month). Persons completing the efficacy study successfully were eligible for a long-term safety study; 113 entered this study. Adverse effects involved principally the CNS and were similar to those seen with other antiepileptic drugs. Four persons (3.7%) developed kidney stones and were withdrawn from the study 250-477 days after starting ZNS. Because of the high percentage of kidney stones, development of ZNS was stopped in the United States but was continued in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E Leppik
- MINCEP Epilepsy Care, Minneapolis, MN 55416
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Abstract
Continuous monitoring of cortical blood flow (CoBF) in the intensive care unit is possible with thermal diffusion techniques. The normal brain flow limits have been established when electrical activity ceases and when infarction is likely to occur. With continuous monitoring of CoBF one can see immediate changes in flow and approaching these levels may be anticipated. The thermal diffusion system we have employed is based on the thermal conductivity of cortical tissue. As blood flow increases through the tissue, the conduction of energy away from the flow probe allows the sensor to detect changes in flow. This form of monitoring has been carried out in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, resection of cerebral mass lesions, severe craniotrauma, and intractable epilepsy. In subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasospasm can be identified and the efficacy of treatment determined with continuous monitoring of CoBF. During resection of mass lesions, increases in blood flow can be readily detected to document the recovery of brain tissue. Continuous monitoring of CoBF in epilepsy patients is now possible with the implantation of subdural electrodes. The increase in blood flow can be documented and it is apparent that a period of elevation of blood flow is quite short. Therefore, this may be helpful in determining when other forms of CBF determination, such as Single Photon Emission Computed Tomographic (SPECT) scanning should be performed. In patients with cranial trauma, different patterns of CoBF changes are apparent. Some patients may develop increased CoBF prior to elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP); other patients demonstrate a drop in CoBF as a response to increased ICP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Carter
- Section of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona School of Medicine, Tuscon
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Abstract
In a previous study of epileptic phenomena in 19 patients with partial complex seizures, it was noted that seizures of left temporal lobe origin had a higher incidence of secondary generalization. To evaluate this observation further, we retrospectively reviewed reports of EEGs for evidence of focal interictal epileptiform discharges (FIED) of temporal lobe origin and correlated this finding with seizure type. Of 3,276 EEG reports reviewed, 195 showed FIED. The medical records of these patients were reviewed and 79 had sufficient information therein to enable seizure classification. Of 79 patients, 61 had secondary generalized seizures, 45 with left temporal FIED, 16 with right FIED. Of 79 patients, 18 had partial seizures, 13 with right temporal FIED, 5 with left FIED (p less than 0.001). These findings suggest that seizures of left temporal lobe origin may have a higher incidence of secondary generalization. The significance of this observation and its relevance to medical and surgical treatment of complex partial seizures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Awerbuch
- Department of Neurology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724
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King DW, Flanigin HF, Gallagher BB, So EL, Murvin AJ, Smith DB, Oommen KJ, Feldman DS, Power J. Temporal lobectomy for partial complex seizures: evaluation, results, and 1-year follow-up. Neurology 1986; 36:334-9. [PMID: 3951699 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.36.3.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-six patients were evaluated for temporal lobectomy. Fourteen underwent initial monitoring with electrodes in the amygdala and hippocampus bilaterally. Twelve had initial monitoring with scalp and sphenoidal electrodes. Four had conclusive localization without depth electrodes. Twenty-three patients underwent lobectomy. At 1-year minimum follow-up, 15 were seizure free. Five had greater than 90% reduction in seizure frequency. Complications of depth electrodes were one hemorrhage and one abscess. One patient developed impaired memory following surgery. Temporal lobectomy is effective in well-selected patients. Depth electrodes localize seizure onset from mesial temporal structures. Scalp and sphenoidal recording may be sufficient in some cases.
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Oommen KJ, Salazar-Calderon VH. Herpes simplex virus (type 1) encephalitis: report of a case treated with acyclovir. Ariz Med 1985; 42:313-7. [PMID: 4015432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Abstract
The current literature recognizes two antigenic types of herpes simplex virus, type 1 and 2. Type 1 is the most common cause of sporadic necrotizing encephalitis in the United States, with a mortality rate of 30 to 70 percent, and leaves various neurologic sequelae in the survivors. Herpes simplex virus type 2 had been recognized as an etiologic agent in fatal infections in neonates and a mild meningitis in adults, but its role in encephalitis in adults is less well known. We report a case of herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis with an analysis of four additional cases previously documented in the literature. Herpes simplex virus type 2 may cause more infections than is presently recognized, and we suggest that some cases of acute psychosis may, like in our case, represent herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis.
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Oommen KJ, Smith MS, Labadie EL. Pontine hemorrhage causing Fisher one-and-a-half syndrome with facial paralysis. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1982; 2:129-32. [PMID: 6226696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The case of a 58-year-old white man with a history of high blood pressure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed double vision followed by right-sided facial paralysis is reported. A computerized axial tomogram (CT) scan showed an enhancing lesion in the pontine tegmentum, and the diagnoses of pontine glioma or hemorrhage were considered. Physical findings were limited to the cranial nerves. Conservative management with Decadron for 3 weeks resulted in a prompt clinical improvement, and a CT scan 1 month later showed resolution of the lesion, effectively ruling out a glioma. Total clinical recovery occurred at the end of 6 months. To our knowledge this is the first report of a case of Fisher one-and-a-half syndrome with facial paralysis correlated with computed tomography.
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Abstract
A case of basilar migraine headache in a young woman is presented. Although the patient had been treated by a neurologist for 2 years, the diagnosis was not established. When she presented to the emergency room of a local hospital, another neurologist diagnosed conversion reaction. Although there had been problems in the family, neurological examination during an episode of headache revealed the typical features of basilar migraine headache. This case illustrates the need for sharp neurological diagnostic skills among psychiatrists, as well as the need to avoid mind-body dichotomies when possible. With treatment for migraine, the patient has done well for several months posthospitalization.
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