1
|
Konstantinidis AO, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Patsikas MN, Papazoglou LG. Congenital Portosystemic Shunts in Dogs and Cats: Treatment, Complications and Prognosis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050346. [PMID: 37235429 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) are a common vascular anomaly of the liver in dogs and cats. Clinical signs of CPSS are non-specific and may wax and wane, while laboratory findings can raise the clinical suspicion for CPSS, but they are also not specific. Definitive diagnosis will be established by evaluation of liver function tests and diagnostic imaging. The aim of this article is to review the management, both medical and surgical, complications, and prognosis of CPSS in dogs and cats. Attenuation of the CPSS is the treatment of choice and may be performed by open surgical intervention using ameroid ring constrictors, thin film banding, and partial or complete suture ligation or by percutaneous transvenous coil embolization. There is no strong evidence to recommend one surgical technique over another. Medical treatment strategies include administration of non-absorbable disaccharides (i.e., lactulose), antibiotics, and dietary changes, and are indicated for pre-surgical stabilization or when surgical intervention is not feasible. After CPSS attenuation, short- and long-term post-surgical complications may be seen, such as post-operative seizures and recurrence of clinical signs, respectively. Prognosis after surgical attenuation of CPSS is generally favorable for dogs and fair for cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros O Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail N Patsikas
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lysimachos G Papazoglou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Surgery and Obstetrics Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oikonomidis IL, Theodorou K, Papaioannou E, Xenoulis PG, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Steiner JM, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Suchodolski JS, Rallis T, Soubasis N. Serial measurement of cardiac troponin I in hospitalised dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis: Association with outcome and canine pancreas-specific lipase concentration. Res Vet Sci 2023; 157:1-5. [PMID: 36827790 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to serially evaluate serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in dogs with parvoviral enteritis (CPVE), and investigate the association with outcome and serum pancreas-specific lipase (Spec cPL) concentrations. Dogs with CPVE that were hospitalised for at least 5 days were included. cTnI and Spec cPL concentrations were measured on days 1, 3 and 5 of hospitalisation. Twenty-nine dogs (20 survivors, 9 non-survivors) were included. Spec cPL was indicative of pancreatitis (>400 μg/L) on at least one day in 10/29 (34.5%) dogs. Serum median (range) cTnI concentration was higher (P = 0.021) in non-survivors on day 5 [0.032 (0.001-0.395) ng/mL] compared to day 1 [0.012 (0.003-0.196) ng/mL]. Non-survivors had higher (P = 0.014) cTnI concentrations on day 5 [0.032 (0.001-0.395) ng/mL] compared to survivors [0.001 (0.001-0.042) ng/mL], but not at admission or on day 3 (P > 0.05). Serum cTnI concentrations were not significantly different (P = 0.465) between the three Spec cPL groups [group 1 (Spec cPL ≤ 200 μg/L): 0.007 (0.001-0.527) ng/mL; group 2 (Spec cPL: 201-399 μg/L): 0.0045 (0.001-0.196) ng/mL; group 3 (Spec cPL ≥ 400 μg/L): 0.011 (0.001-0.278) ng/mL]. cTnI and Spec cPL concentrations were not significantly correlated (rho = -0.043, P = 0.703). Serial measurement of cTnI had prognostic value in the examined cohort. However, cTnI was not correlated with spec cPL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I L Oikonomidis
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - K Theodorou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Papaioannou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P G Xenoulis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece; Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - M Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - T Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Soubasis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Konstantinidis AO, Patsikas MN, Papazoglou LG, Adamama-Moraitou KK. Congenital Portosystemic Shunts in Dogs and Cats: Classification, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020160. [PMID: 36851464 PMCID: PMC9961057 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) are abnormal vascular communications between the portal and the systemic circulation, bypassing the hepatic parenchyma and resulting in liver hypoplasia and hepatic insufficiency. Such connections develop in utero and persist postnatally. CPSS are among the two most common congenital vascular anomalies of the liver in small animals, along with primary hypoplasia of the portal vein without portal hypertension (PHPV without PH). CPSS can be extrahepatic (ECPSS), most commonly diagnosed in small and toy breed dogs and cats, or intrahepatic (ICPSS), most commonly seen in large breed dogs. Single ECPSS is the most common type encountered in both dogs and cats. Clinical signs of CPSS are non-specific and may wax and wane, while laboratory findings can raise clinical suspicion for CPSS, but they are also not specific. Definitive diagnosis will be established by evaluation of liver function tests, such as determination of fasting plasma ammonia (FA) levels, and pre- and postprandial serum bile acids concentrations, and diagnostic imaging. The purpose of this article is to review the definition, classification, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of CPSS in dogs and cats, highlighted by the authors' clinical experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros O. Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Michail N. Patsikas
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Surgery and Obstetrics Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kavarnos I, Pardali D, Brellou GD, Papadopoulos E, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Adamama-Moraitou KK. Bronchoscopy and Lung Fine-Needle Aspiration for Antemortem Evaluation of Pulmonary Involvement in Dogs with Naturally Occurring Canine Leishmaniosis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030365. [PMID: 35335689 PMCID: PMC8954180 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical manifestations from the lower respiratory tract are rare in canine leishmaniosis (CanL), making bronchoscopy and lung fine-needle aspiration (FNA) seldomly justified. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the involvement of Leishmania infantum in the lungs of dogs with naturally occurring CanL by bronchoscopy and examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), bronchial mucosa biopsies, and FNA, using immunodiagnostics. Dogs with relevant concurrent diseases and azotemia were excluded. Cough was detected in 5/31 (16.1%) dogs. Lesions (hyperemia, edema, mucosal granularity, secretions) were identified upon bronchoscopy in 19/31 (61.3%) dogs. The cytology of BALF revealed histiocytic inflammation in 14/31 (45.2%) dogs; the parasite was identified in one dog (3.2%). The immunofluorescence antibody test in BALF was positive in 15/31 (48.4%) dogs. Histopathology of bronchial mucosa and/or adjacent alveoli revealed lesions (mononuclear cell infiltration, fibrosis, edema, thickening of the inter-alveolar septa) in 24/31 (77.4%) dogs, with no Leishmania amastigotes. Positive antigen staining was observed within the cytoplasm of mononuclear cells in immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Μononuclear cells showed antigenic positivity in bronchial mucosa (27/31; 87.1%), BALF (30/31; 96.8%), and lung FNA (27/31; 87.1%). In conclusion, lungs seem to be affected from CanL more commonly than previously believed, and bronchoscopy allows obtaining valuable samples for antemortem diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kavarnos
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Τhessaloniki, Greece; (I.K.); (K.K.A.-M.)
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Georgia D. Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Elias Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6944882872
| | - Maria Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.P.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Τhessaloniki, Greece; (I.K.); (K.K.A.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vergou M, Diakou A, Pardali D, Tachmazidou A, Timiou D, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Komnenou A, Morelli S, Grillini M, Mylonakis ME. What is your diagnosis? Buccal lymph node fine-needle aspirate from a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2022; 51:286-288. [PMID: 35132669 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meropi Vergou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Diakou
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anatoli Tachmazidou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Timiou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Komnenou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Simone Morelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Mathios E Mylonakis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Apostolopoulou EP, Vlemmas I, Pardali D, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Poutahidis T, Papadopoulou PL, Brellou GD. Bilateral Renal Large B Cell Lymphoma in a Dog: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8110258. [PMID: 34822631 PMCID: PMC8624832 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine lymphoma is a commonly reported neoplasia and, in most dogs, arises from lymph nodes before spreading to other organs. Renal lymphoma rarely occurs, and kidneys usually are a secondary site of origin. Primary renal lymphoma is infrequently described in the veterinary literature. In this study, we present a rare case of primary renal lymphoma in a dog and a review of similar cases. A 3-year-old male dog was admitted due to anorexia, weakness and vomiting. Clinical examination revealed bilaterally enlarged kidneys. Imaging demonstrated the presence of multiple renal masses. Cytology of abdominal fluid and kidneys led to the diagnosis of large cell lymphoma. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry on tissue samples taken from the kidneys confirmed the cytological diagnosis of lymphoma and categorized it as primary bilateral renal large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela P. Apostolopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.A.); (I.V.); (T.P.)
| | - Ioannis Vlemmas
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.A.); (I.V.); (T.P.)
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thesssaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thesssaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Theofilos Poutahidis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.A.); (I.V.); (T.P.)
| | - Paraskevi L. Papadopoulou
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thesssaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgia D. Brellou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.A.); (I.V.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oikonomidis IL, Theodorou K, Papaioannou E, Xenoulis PG, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Steiner JM, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Suchodolski JS, Rallis T, Soubasis N. Serial measurement of thyroid hormones in hospitalised dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis: Incidence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome and its association with outcome and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Vet J 2021; 274:105715. [PMID: 34252549 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to serially evaluate the serum concentrations of total thyroxine (tT4), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis (CPVE) during a 5-day hospitalisation period and assess the association of these hormone concentrations with the outcome and the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Dogs with confirmed CPVE that were hospitalised for at least 5 days were included. The thyroid hormones concentrations were measured on days 1, 3 and 5 of hospitalisation. Twenty-eight dogs were included. All (28/28, 100%), 19/28 (69.7%) and 23/28 (82.1%) dogs had a low serum tT4, fT4 and TSH concentration, respectively, on at least 1 day during the hospitalisation period. Overall, 11/28 (39.3%) dogs were diagnosed with SIRS on at least 1 day. In survivors, serum tT4 concentration was significantly higher on day 5 (median, range: 11.8 nmol/L, <6.4-32.2 nmol/L) compared to those on days 1 (<6.4 nmol/L, <6.4-20.1 nmol/L; P = 0.010) or 3 (7.6 nmol/L, <6.4-25.2 nmol/L; P = 0.019). Survivors had a significantly higher tT4 concentration (median, range: 11.8 nmol/L, <6.4-32.2 nmol/L) on day 5 compared to non-survivors (<6.4 nmol/L, <6.4-7.2 nmol/L; P = 0.002). Regardless of the day of hospitalisation, dogs with SIRS had significantly lower tT4 (<6.4 nmol/L, <6.4-16.3 nmol/L) compared to dogs without SIRS (8.6 nmol/L, <6.4-32.2 nmol/L; P = 0.006). A significant difference was also found in fT4 between dogs with SIRS (<3.9 pmol/L, <3.9-16.2 pmol/L) and dogs without SIRS (15.1 pmol/L, <3.9-59.2; pmol/L; P < 0.001). Non-thyroidal illness syndrome was frequently observed in dogs with CPVE, and a negative association between tT4 and fT4 concentrations and SIRS was noted. Serial measurements of tT4 concentrations appeared to have prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I L Oikonomidis
- Easter Bush Pathology, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, UK; Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - K Theodorou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Papaioannou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P G Xenoulis
- Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece; Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - M Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - T Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Soubasis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Konstantinidis AO, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Dovas CI, Brellou GD, Papadopoulos T, Jergens AE, Allenspach K, Rallis TS. Colonic mucosal and cytobrush sample cytokine mRNA expression in canine inflammatory bowel disease and their correlation with disease activity, endoscopic and histopathologic score. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245713. [PMID: 33471872 PMCID: PMC7817028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders, the pathogenesis of which remains elusive, but it possibly involves the interaction of the intestinal immune system with luminal microbiota and food-derived antigens. Mucosal cytokines profiles in canine IBD have been investigated mainly in small intestinal disease, while data on cytokine profiles in large intestinal IBD are limited. The objective of this study was to measure colonic mucosal and cytobrush sample messenger (m)RNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-12p40, IL-23p19, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and chemokine C-C motif ligand (CCL28) in dogs with IBD and healthy controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and assess their correlation with clinical disease activity, endoscopic and histopathologic score. Dogs with IBD had a significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-23p19 and CCL28 in the colonic mucosa, compared to healthy controls. None of the selected cytokines had significantly different mRNA expression in the colonic cytobrush samples between the two groups or between the colonic mucosa and cytobrush samples of dogs with IBD. Finally, there was a statistically significant correlation of clinical disease activity with endoscopic activity score and fibrosis and atrophy of the colonic mucosa in dogs with large intestinal IBD. IL-1β, IL-23p19 and CCL28 could play a role in the pathogenesis of canine large intestinal IBD. Colonic cytokine expression does not correlate with clinical disease activity and/or endoscopic score. However, clinical signs reflect the severity of endoscopic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros O. Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos I. Dovas
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia D. Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theologos Papadopoulos
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Karin Allenspach
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Timoleon S. Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Konstantinidis AΟ, Pardali D, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Gazouli M, Dovas CI, Legaki E, Brellou GD, Savvas I, Jergens AE, Rallis TS, Allenspach K. Colonic mucosal and serum expression of microRNAs in canine large intestinal inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:69. [PMID: 32087719 PMCID: PMC7035774 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders of still largely unknown etiology. Canine IBD diagnosis is time-consuming and costly as other diseases with similar signs should be initially excluded. In human IBD microRNA (miR) expression changes have been reported in GI mucosa and blood. Thus, there is a possibility that miRs may provide insight into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis and even treatment of canine IBD. The aim of this study was to determine the colonic mucosal and serum relative expression of a miRs panel in dogs with large intestinal IBD and healthy control dogs. RESULTS Compared to healthy control dogs, dogs with large intestinal IBD showed significantly increased relative expression of miR-16, miR-21, miR-122 and miR-147 in the colonic mucosa and serum, while the relative expression of miR-185, miR-192 and miR-223 was significantly decreased. Relative expression of miR-146a was significantly increased only in the serum of dogs with large intestinal IBD. Furthermore, serum miR-192 and miR-223 relative expression correlated to disease activity and endoscopic score, respectively. CONCLUSION Our data suggest the existence of dysregulated miRs expression patterns in canine IBD and support the potential future use of serum miRs as useful noninvasive biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Ο Konstantinidis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos I Dovas
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Legaki
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia D Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Savvas
- Companion Animal Clinic (Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Albert E Jergens
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Timoleon S Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit), School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Karin Allenspach
- Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Prassinos NN, Menexes G, Patsikas MN, Rallis TS. Evaluation of dogs with macroscopic haematuria: a retrospective study of 162 cases (2003–2010). N Z Vet J 2017; 65:204-208. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2017.1316529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KK Adamama-Moraitou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutira 11 str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Pardali
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutira 11 str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - NN Prassinos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutira 11 str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Menexes
- Biometry, Lab of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - MN Patsikas
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutira 11 str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - TS Rallis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutira 11 str., 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kalli IV, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Patsika MN, Pardali D, Steiner JM, Suchodolski JS, Menexes G, Brellou GD, Rallis TS. Prevalence of increased canine pancreas-specific lipase concentrations in young dogs with parvovirus enteritis. Vet Clin Pathol 2017; 46:111-119. [PMID: 28125171 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic abnormalities during canine parvovirus (CPV) enteritis have not been studied prospectively. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic significance of canine serum pancreas-specific lipase (Spec cPL) concentration in dogs with CPV enteritis for the presence of acute pancreatitis (AP). Puppies with naturally occurring CPV enteritis were recruited and prospectively allocated into 2 groups according to normal or increased serum Spec cPL concentration. Clinical signs, laboratory findings, and pancreas-associated variables were compared between groups, and the impact of possible AP on disease course, duration of hospitalization, and outcome was assessed. RESULTS Serum Spec cPL concentration in 35 puppies was above the upper limit of the RI in 17/35 (48.6%) dogs (Group A) and within the RI in 18 dogs (Group B). An increased serum lipase activity was present in 29/35 (82.9%) dogs, and Group A dogs had a higher serum lipase activity than Group B (P = .006). Serum Spec cPL in Group A dogs was positively correlated with serum lipase activity at the day of presentation (r = .667; P = .003) and day of discharge (r = .628; P = .007). No statistically significant difference was found between groups (P = .233) for the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (6/17 or 35.3% dogs Group A, and 8/18 or 44.4% dogs Group B), the disease course, duration of hospitalization, or outcome between groups. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum Spec cPL is relatively common in dogs with CPV enteritis. However, such increases do not seem to correlate with the outcome of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irida V Kalli
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael N Patsika
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - George Menexes
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia D Brellou
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Timoleon S Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Basdani E, Papazoglou LG, Patsikas MN, Kazakos GM, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Tsokataridis I. Upper Airway Injury in Dogs Secondary to Trauma: 10 Dogs (2000–2011). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2016; 52:291-6. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Ten dogs that presented with trauma-induced upper airway rupture or stenosis were reviewed. Tracheal rupture was seen in seven dogs, tracheal stenosis in one dog, and laryngeal rupture in two dogs. Clinical abnormalities included respiratory distress in five dogs, subcutaneous emphysema in eight, air leakage through the cervical wound in seven, stridor in three dogs, pneumomediastinum in four and pneumothorax in one dog. Reconstruction with simple interrupted sutures was performed in four dogs, tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis in five dogs, and one dog was euthanized intraoperatively. Complications were seen in three dogs including aspiration pneumonia in one and vocalization alterations in two dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Basdani
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| | - Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| | - Michail N. Patsikas
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| | - Georgios M. Kazakos
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| | - Ioannis Tsokataridis
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (L.G.P., E.B., M.N.P., G.M.K., K.K.A-M.); and Private Practice, Drama, Greece (I.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Patsikas MN, Koutinas AF. Feline lower airway disease: A retrospective study of 22 naturally occurring cases from Greece. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 6:227-33. [PMID: 15265478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/01/2003] [Accepted: 09/16/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this retrospective study of 22 cats with lower airway disease of either intermittent (23%) or persistent nature (77%), the Siamese breed (55%) was significantly over-represented. Females (68%) were slightly but not significantly over-represented. No significant association was found between the clinical stage of disease and the physical findings, thoracic radiographic changes or the response to treatment. Cough, the most common presenting complaint, was the only symptom detected in the cats with intermittent disease, yet the two most severely affected animals did not show it. Thoracic auscultation did not reveal any abnormality in 41% of the cats. Haematology revealed eosinophilia in 46% of the cats. A bronchial pattern was the most common radiographic abnormality (73%), followed by alveolar (32%) and interstitial patterns (23%). Interestingly, thoracic radiographs were normal in 23% of the cats. The combination of short-term corticosteroids and bronchodilators resulted in complete and long-term remission of symptoms in nine cats, while the other 11 required ongoing medication because of relatively frequent relapses. One of the remaining two cats died during an asthmatic crisis, while the other was lost to follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St. Voutyra Street, 546 27, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fragkou FC, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Poutahidis T, Prassinos NN, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Xenoulis PG, Steiner JM, Lidbury JA, Suchodolski JS, Rallis TS. Prevalence and Clinicopathological Features of Triaditis in a Prospective Case Series of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cats. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1031-45. [PMID: 27296565 PMCID: PMC5089651 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The term triaditis designates the concurrent presence of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cholangitis, and pancreatitis in cats. Hypothesis/Objectives The histopathology of concurrent, but often subclinical, inflammatory processes in the small intestine, liver, and pancreas of cats is poorly described. We aimed to investigate the frequency of enteritis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, or some combination of these in symptomatic and asymptomatic cats, compare clinicopathological features, and correlate histopathological with laboratory findings. Animals Domestic cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic, and 8 normal). Methods Prospective study. Physical examination, laboratory variables (CBC, serum biochemistry profile, serum thyroxine concentration, serum feline trypsin‐like immunoreactivity [fTLI], feline lipase immunoreactivity [fPLI, as measured by Spec fPL®], urinalysis, and fecal analysis), imaging, and histopathological examinations were conducted. Feline liver, pancreas, and small intestine were biopsied during laparotomy. Results Inflammatory lesions were detected in 47 cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic). In total, 20 cats had histopathologic lesions of IBD (13/47, 27.7%), cholangitis (6/47, 12.8%), or pancreatitis (1/47, 2.1%) alone, or inflammation involving >1 organ (27/47, 57.4%). More specifically, 16/47 cats (34.0%) had concurrent lesions of IBD and cholangitis, 3/47 (6.4%) of IBD and pancreatitis, and 8/47 cats (17%) of triaditis. Triaditis was identified only in symptomatic cats (8/27, 29.6%). A mild, positive correlation was detected between the severity (score) of IBD lesions and the number of comorbidities (rho = +0.367, P = .022). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Histopathological evidence of IBD or IBD with comorbidities was detected in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cats. The possibility of triaditis should be considered in symptomatic cats with severe IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F C Fragkou
- Medicine Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Medicine Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T Poutahidis
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N N Prassinos
- Surgery and Obstetrics Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Kritsepi-Konstantinou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P G Xenoulis
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - T S Rallis
- Medicine Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Soubasis N, Pardali D, Psalla D, Papazoglou LG, Prassinos NN, Anagnostou TL, Rallis TS. Recurrent intraluminal eosinophilic tracheal granuloma in a Siberian husky. Vet Q 2015; 35:116-22. [PMID: 25702591 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1021493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- a Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine Unit) , Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , St. Voutira 11 str. , 54627 , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Menexes G, Athanasiou LV, Kazakos G, Rallis TS. Tidal breathing flow volume loop analysis of 21 healthy, unsedated, young adult male Beagle dogs. Aust Vet J 2013; 91:226-32. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KK Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 11Stavrou Voutira str.; 54627; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - D Pardali
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 11Stavrou Voutira str.; 54627; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - G Menexes
- Laboratory of Agronomy; School of Agriculture; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - LV Athanasiou
- Clinic of Medicine; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Thessaly; Karditsa; Greece
| | - G Kazakos
- Companion Animal Clinic (Anaesthiology and Intensive Care); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - TS Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 11Stavrou Voutira str.; 54627; Thessaloniki; Greece
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Day MJ, Prassinos NN, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Patsikas MN, Rallis TS. Canine bronchomalacia: A clinicopathological study of 18 cases diagnosed by endoscopy. Vet J 2012; 191:261-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Athanasiou LV, Prassinos NN, Kritsepi M, Rallis TS. Conservative management of canine tracheal collapse with stanozolol: a double blinded, placebo control clinical trial. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 24:111-8. [PMID: 21496393 DOI: 10.1177/039463201102400113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of stanozolol in the treatment of tracheal collapse (TC) in dogs, which is the analogous disease to tracheomalacia (TM) in humans. Twenty-two dogs with endoscopically confirmed and graded TC were enrolled into five groups. Groups S1 (n=5), S2 (n=5) and S3 (n=4) with grade 1, 2 and 3 TC, respectively, received stanozolol orally for 75 days, while groups P1 (n=4) and P2 (n=4) with grade 1 and 2 TC, respectively, received placebo. The clinical score was evaluated every 15 days, whereas TC grade was reassessed at the end of the experiment. Clinical improvement was detected from the 30th day in S2 and S3 group dogs and from the 45th day in S1 group dogs and continued until the end of the experiment. Also, statistically significant differences were seen between S2 and P2 dogs from the 30th day, and between S1 and P1 dogs from the 60th day, and continued until the end of the study. Amelioration of the TC grade was seen in 13 of 14 (92.9%) dogs, which received stanozolol. Of the 14 dogs, 57.1% were cured and 35.8% demonstrated a less severe TC grade, while only one dog (7.1%) did not improve at all. Stanozolol seems to be an effective drug in the management of canine TC and it may have potential for use in humans with TM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Pardali D, Day MJ, Denning DW, Papazoglou L, Papastefanou A, Rallis TS. Aspergillus fumigatus Bronchopneumonia in a Hellenic Shepherd Dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47:e13-8. [DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-5497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 3 yr old intact female Hellenic shepherd dog was referred due to depression, partial anorexia, fever, and a mild productive cough of 2 mo duration. Thoracic radiographs showed increased opacity of all of the left lung lobes. Upon bronchoscopy, a sanguineous, purulent discharge was detected in the tracheal lumen with hyperplastic tissue narrowing the left main stem bronchus. Cultures were positive for bacteria (Bacillus spp. and Clostridium spp.) but negative for fungi. Due to the severity of the lesions, a complete left lung pneumonectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the excised lung tissues revealed a severe granulomatous bronchopneumonia with numerous alveolar macrophages laden with structures stained positively by periodic acid-Schiff and Grocott stain that had morphology consistent with fungi. PCR and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 from genetic material extracted from paraffin-embedded pulmonary tissue confirmed the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus. Itraconazole was administrated for 5.5 mo and the dog was clinically normal 26 mo after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - Dimitra Pardali
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - Michael J. Day
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - David W. Denning
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - Lysimachos Papazoglou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - Anastasia Papastefanou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| | - Timoleon S. Rallis
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (K.A., D.P., L.P., A.P., T.R.); School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (M.D.); and School of Translational Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (D.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Prassinos NN, Galatos AD, Tontis DK, Rallis TS. Isolated abdominal fat tissue inflammation and necrosis in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2008; 10:192-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2007.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a rare clinical case of a 4.5-month-old, female domestic shorthair, cat with isolated abdominal fat tissue inflammation and necrosis, resembling human omental panniculitis. Its possible relationship with pancreatitis or bile induced chemical peritonitis is also discussed. The overall clinical course was considered benign. Initial clinical signs were vomiting and anorexia, presumably due to inflammation, followed by mass development. It was speculated that, eventually, the kitten was vomiting because of mechanical pressure from the mass, and that this pressure subsided as the kitten grew. The mass was surgically resected and no relapse was evident during the next 4 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St Voutyra Street, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikitas N. Prassinos
- Companion Animal Clinic (Surgery and Obstetrics), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St Voutyra Street, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Apostolos D. Galatos
- Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Dimitris K. Tontis
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, PO Box 199, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Tim S. Rallis
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St Voutyra Street, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Five, 3- to 8-month-old dogs had clinical and ultrasonographic findings consistent with intestinal intussusception, but findings were negative on exploratory celiotomy. Ultrasonography had revealed a target-like mass (median maximal diameter 25 mm) on transverse section and multiple hyperechoic or hypoechoic parallel lines (median length 36.8 mm) on longitudinal section. Blood flow in the intussuscepted bowel was detected in most of the cases. In dogs with similar findings, the authors recommend ultrasonographic reexamination of the abdomen after general anesthesia (but before surgery) to exclude spontaneous reduction of the intussusception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail N. Patsikas
- Sections of Diagnostic Imaging (Patsikas), Surgery (Papazoglou), and Internal Medicine (Adamama-Moraitou), Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11 Street, 54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
- From the
| | - Lyssimachos G. Papazoglou
- Sections of Diagnostic Imaging (Patsikas), Surgery (Papazoglou), and Internal Medicine (Adamama-Moraitou), Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11 Street, 54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
- From the
| | - Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou
- Sections of Diagnostic Imaging (Patsikas), Surgery (Papazoglou), and Internal Medicine (Adamama-Moraitou), Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11 Street, 54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
- From the
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Rallis TS, Koytinas AF, Tontis D, Plevraki K, Kritsepi M. Asymptomatic colitis in naturally infected dogs with Leishmania infantum: a prospective study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007; 76:53-7. [PMID: 17255229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 31 dogs with naturally occurring and symptomatic leishmaniasis (Leishmania infantum), but without historical or clinical evidence of overt colitis, were included in this study. With owners' consent, a colonoscopy was performed in all these dogs, revealing patches of hyperemic, edematous, irregular, and mildly erosive colonic mucosa in 25.8% of the animals. Biopsies were obtained from the colonic mucosa and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (histopathology) and avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique (immunohistochemical detection of parasites). Leishmania amastigotes were detected immunohistochemically in 32.3% of the dogs. The most common inflammatory pattern in the colonic mucosa of these dogs was pyogranulomatous (90%), whereas in the dogs without Leishmania amastigotes immunohistochemically detected in the colonic mucosa (67.7%), there was no evidence of gross and microscopic lesions. Also, in 2 of the 10 dogs in which parasites were detected immunohistochemically in the colonic mucosa, no lesions could be detected on colonoscopy. There was no correlation between the dogs with or without parasites detected in the colonic mucosa regarding the sex, age, or the type of diet of these animals. However, the positive correlation (P < 0.001) found between colonic parasitism and gross lesions detected on colonoscopy would justify the inclusion of canine leishmaniasis in the list of differentials of canine chronic or recurrent colitis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Soubasis N, Rallis TS, Vlemmas J, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Roubies N, Prassinos NN, Brellou G. Serum and liver iron concentration in dogs with experimentally induced hepatopathy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 21:599-604. [PMID: 16638106 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Iron (Fe) status is altered in human and experimental animal hepatopathies. In dogs limited data are available. The aim of this study was to investigate serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), percentage transferrin saturation (SAT) and Fe status in the liver of dogs with experimentally induced hepatopathy. METHODS Fourteen 1-year-old dogs were divided into two equal groups. In order for hepatopathy to be induced, 0.25 mL/kg body weight of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) solution was administered once daily, orally, for a 10-week period in group B dogs, while group A dogs were used as controls. SI, TIBC and SAT values were measured 3 times before the beginning (baseline value) and 10 times at weekly intervals during the experiment. Liver samples, obtained before the administration of CCl4 and at the end of the experimental period (10 weeks), were subjected to Fe determination, as well as to histopathological and histochemical analysis. RESULTS At the end of the experiment SI, TIBC and liver iron concentration, as well as liver total iron score were significantly increased in group B dogs. Distribution of granular hemosiderin iron in hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and portal triads was noticed. Positive correlations were found between SI and liver Fe concentration, as well as histochemically determined Fe. Moreover, positive correlations were evident between liver fibrosis and serum, as well as liver Fe values. CONCLUSIONS Experimentally induced chronic hepatopathy in dogs causes Fe status disturbances. Increased serum and liver iron concentration produces liver histopathological deterioration and it may be worth attention during laboratory evaluation in canine hepatopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Soubasis
- Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
A 3.5-year-old intact male American Pit Bull was presented because of urinary incontinence and dysuria. Constipation, followed by diarrhoea, ocular disturbances and finally regurgitation developed over the next 4 years. Autonomic dysfunction was evidenced by clinical presentation, as well as positive ophthalmic pilocarpine test and subnormal Schirmer tear test. Diagnosis, however, was established through histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Lesions attributable to inflammatory degenerative neuropathy of the autonomic ganglia, which represents one of the various types of human autonomic failure, were detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Companion Animal Clinic (Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St. Voutyra str., GR-54 627, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Saridomichelakis MN, Polizopoulou Z, Kritsepi M, Tsompanakou A, Koutinas AF. Short-term exogenous glucocorticosteroidal effect on iron and copper status in canine leishmaniasis (Leishmania infantum). Can J Vet Res 2005; 69:287-92. [PMID: 16479727 PMCID: PMC1250241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Prednisolone was administered as an anti-inflammatory for 7 consecutive days in 11 dogs with leishmaniasis (CL group) and 5 clinically normal dogs (control group). After a 15-day wash-out phase, the same medication was given as an immunosuppressive for another 7-day period. In both animal groups and experimental periods an overall significant increase of serum iron and transferrin saturation was noted. Serum copper showed a significant increase during the anti-inflammatory period in the control group and a significant decrease during the immunosuppressive period in the CL group. No differences or changes of any kind regarding bone marrow hemosiderin were found between the 2 groups either before or after the end of both experimental periods. The only change noticed in the hematocrit values was a significant decrease in the control group after the end of the anti-inflammatory period. Based on these findings the use of prednisolone cannot be recommended and, if contemplated, should be carefully monitored, especially at an immunosuppressive dosage, because it may promote parasite replication through the induction of increased serum iron levels and hypocupremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, GR-54627 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rallis T, Day MJ, Saridomichelakis MN, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Papazoglou L, Fytianou A, Koutinas AF. Chronic hepatitis associated with canine leishmaniosis (Leishmania infantum): a clinicopathological study of 26 cases. J Comp Pathol 2005; 132:145-52. [PMID: 15737341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2004.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2004] [Accepted: 09/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic tissue samples were obtained from 26 dogs humanely destroyed because of naturally occurring leishmaniosis (Leishmania infantum). None of the animals had palpable hepatomegaly or any other physical finding or historical evidence indicative of liver failure. However, serum biochemistry revealed hypoalbuminaemia (6/26), increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (15/26), and increased concentrations of total bilirubin (2/26) and post-prandial bile acids (4/26). Three main histological patterns were identified. In pattern 1 (3/26), the liver microarchitecture remained unchanged apart from the presence of individual or clustered macrophages in the sinusoids. In pattern 2 (20/26), there was multifocal, mild to moderate, granulomatous to pyogranulomatous infiltration of the hepatic parenchyma, particularly in the portal areas. Pattern 3 (3/26), which was the most severe form, was characterized by marked portal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with occasional broaching of the limiting plate and extension into the adjacent parenchyma. In this pattern there was also mild portal fibrosis, together with lymphoplasmacytic aggregates within the parenchyma and small clusters of lymphocytes and plasma cells within the sinusoids. All three patterns were associated with hepatocyte vacuolation (15/26 dogs), and haemosiderin accumulation within the hepatocyte cytoplasm. Congestion was present in the liver of five dogs. No correlation was found between histopathological pattern and breed, sex, age, clinical manifestations, serum biochemical profile or parasite load in the hepatic tissue; patterns 1-3 may, however, represent sequential stages of hepatic leishmania infection during the chronic course of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Rallis
- Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, GR-54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Papaioannou N, Psalla D, Papadopoulos E, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Petanidis T, Rallis T, Vlemmas I. Obstructive, Granulomatous Tracheitis caused by Onchocerca sp. in a Dog. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 51:354-7. [PMID: 15533118 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 3-year-old spayed female dog was admitted with a history of episodes of dyspnoea and coughing. Severe tracheal stenosis was found on radiography. The dog died during an episode of refractory dyspnoea. Necropsy revealed an obstruction of the thoracic part of the trachea because of a chronic granulomatous inflammation protruding into the tracheal lumen. Histological examination revealed nematodes, which were identified as Onchocerca sp. according to their morphological characteristics. In contrast to the common ocular manifestation in dogs, obstructive tracheitis caused by Onchocerca infection has not been reported before.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Papaioannou
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54 124, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Canine sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is a rarely reported condition. A 10-year-old male German shepherd dog cross was presented with a history of ascites, vomiting, soft faeces, anorexia and depression. Gathering of the intestinal loops in the middle portion of the abdomen was detected by radiography and ultrasonography. Cytological examination of Giemsa-stained smears from the popliteal lymph nodes revealed Leishmania species. The results of culture of serosanguineous fluid obtained by abdominocentesis were negative for bacteria and fungi. Laparotomy revealed a sac of fibrous tissue encasing most of the intestinal loops and numerous adhesions extending between them. Histologically, an uneven, diffusely thickened, visceral peritoneal membrane was found. A diagnosis of idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis was made. The dog was euthanased because the intestinal wall was torn at many sites during dissection of the membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St Voutyra Street, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Rallis TS, Papazoglou LG, Papasteriadis A, Roubies N, Kaldrimidou H, Leontides LS. Liver biochemical and histopathological findings in dogs with experimentally induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Can J Vet Res 2004; 68:56-61. [PMID: 14979436 PMCID: PMC1142130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Routine liver biochemical parameters were evaluated in 8 dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) induced by surgical ligation of the pancreatic duct and the pancreatic branch of the pancreaticoduodenal artery and confirmed with the trypsin-like immunoreactivity test. Eight additional dogs were used as healthy controls. Data collection began at the 4th week postoperatively and continued weekly to the 21st week. In the dogs with EPI, the serum activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were consistently elevated. The serum total and conjugated bilirubin concentrations remained within normal limits throughout the experimental period. Histopathological study revealed hepatic lipidosis in the dogs with EPI. Therefore, since this condition seems to be an additional consequence of EPI in dogs, laboratory evaluation of dogs with EPI must include assessment of liver function, to determine if additional or different therapeutic measures are indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Department of Clinical Studies School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St. Voutyra Street, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Congenital anorectal abnormalities were diagnosed in three male and three female dogs. One dog had anal stenosis, three had a persistent anal membrane, and the other two had an imperforate anus associated with a rectovaginal fistula. Five of the dogs were treated surgically, and four of them which were followed up for periods ranging from one to five years continued to pass faeces normally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N N Prassinos
- Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224, PO Box 199, GR-43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
A 3 1/2-year-old intact male German Shepherd Dog was admitted with a history of protracted haemorrhagic diarrhoea and tenesmus. Clinical evaluation revealed thickening of the rectal mucosa and presence of fresh blood and mucus in the faeces. Severe mucosal granularity and multiple nodules, in addition to a rectal stricture 7 to 9 cm from the anus, were found on colonoscopy. Histopathological evaluation of biopsy specimens identified organisms with morphologic features compatible with those reported for Prototheca spp. Although surgical excision of the rectal stricture was performed and ketoconazole treatment was instituted postoperatively, the dog's clinical condition deteriorated and euthanasia was performed 4 months later.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T S Rallis
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Rallis TS, Prassinos NN, Papasteriadis A, Roubies N. Serum vitamin A concentration in dogs with experimentally induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2002; 72:177-82. [PMID: 12098886 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831.72.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Serum concentration of Vitamin A was determined in dogs with experimentally induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency following oral administration of vitamin A, or pancreatic enzyme and vitamin A. In dogs receiving vitamin A alone, serum vitamin A concentration was significantly lower than that of dogs supplemented with pancreatic enzyme and vitamin A. In dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, serum vitamin A concentration was lower than in healthy dogs. In healthy dogs, the normal range of serum vitamin A concentration is high in comparison with other species, and humans. It is concluded that in dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, additional supplementation of vitamin A may be needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 St. Voutyra Street, 546 27, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Adamama-Moraitou KK, Rallis TS, Prassinos NN, Galatos AD. Benign esophageal stricture in the dog and cat: a retrospective study of 20 cases. Can J Vet Res 2002; 66:55-9. [PMID: 11858650 PMCID: PMC226983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Twenty animals with benign esophageal strictures are presented. Most of the esophageal strictures were thought to be related to gastroesophageal reflux during ovariohysterectomy and were located at the distal portion of the thoracic esophagus (caudal to the base of the heart). For the dilation procedure, the endoscope tip or a balloon catheter was used and the outcome was generally considered to be good. The endoscope tip was an adequate instrument for dilation in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina K Adamama-Moraitou
- Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sotiraki ST, Koutinas AF, Leontides LS, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Himonas CA. Factors affecting the frequency of ear canal and face infestation by Otodectes cynotis in the cat. Vet Parasitol 2001; 96:309-15. [PMID: 11267757 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Otodectes cynotis is responsible for at least 50% of canker cases diagnosed in cats world-wide. The role of Demodex cati in the pathogenesis of otitis and acne is still obscure. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of O. cynoyis and D. cati infestations in clinically normal cats in northern Greece, to determine the factors that are associated with the probability and severity of infestation in the cat, and to examine the importance of these mites in the pathogenesis of feline acne. Samples from 161 cats were examined by flushing the ear canals and by taking skin scrapings of the chin and lip area. The results were combined with various factors (sex, age, living style, hair coat type and presence of pruritus, of ear discharge, of acne-like lesions) in order to carry out a risk analysis. Two separate logistic regression analyses were performed. One, on the infestation/non-infestation potential with O. cynotis and the other, on the degree of such infestation as mild-to-moderate (< or =5 mites/field) or severe (>5 mites/field). D. cati was not detected in any of the 161 cats. The prevalence of O. cynotis was estimated at 25.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 19-32). The rate of mite infestation was higher with the presence of ear discharge (odds ratio 9, 95% CI 3.3-24.5), periaural pruritus (odds ratio 3.6, 95% CI 1.8-8) and acne-like lesions (odds ratio 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9). Cats with mild-to-moderate degree of infestation had 18 times higher chance of exhibiting an ear discharge than those with a severe infestation. The log-odds of mild-to-moderate parasitism were linearly related to the age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Sotiraki
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Aristotle University, GR 54006, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
A Persian male cat with a history of lower urinary tract disease was presented because of polydipsia, polyuria, constipation and nasal discharge. Ten weeks before admission, the cat had been treated for lower urinary tract disease by catheterisation and flushing of the bladder. The animal was thin, dehydrated, anaemic and azotaemic. Urine culture revealed Aspergillus species cystitis. Antibodies against Aspergillus nidulans were identified in serum. Fluconazole was administered orally (7.5 mg/kg, q 12 h) for 10 consecutive weeks. The azotaemia was resolved, the kidney concentrating ability was recovered and the cat has remained healthy without similar problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Adamama-Moraitou
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 11 S. Voutyra Street, Thessaloniki, 546 27, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rallis TS, Papazoglou LG, Adamama-Moraitou KK, Prassinos NN. Acute enteritis or gastroenteritis in young dogs as a predisposing factor for intestinal intussusception: a retrospective study. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2000; 47:507-11. [PMID: 11075543 PMCID: PMC7197695 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2000.00318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Various types of intestinal intussusception were diagnosed in 29 of 220 young dogs with acute enteritis or gastroenteritis, due to canine parvovirus (85 cases) or presumably to other infectious agents, inflammation or less common hypermotility and metabolic derangements (135 cases). As the other causes of the disease were excluded, acute enteritis or gastroenteritis was considered to be the most likely predisposing factor for the intestinal intussusception. The most common type of intussusception was found to be the ileocolic. Of the 21 dogs that underwent surgical resection and anastomosis of the intestine, 18 dogs recovered completely and three died due to complications. The high survival rate was due to the effective pre-operative, surgical and post-operative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T S Rallis
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- T S Rallis
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|