1
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Maamela KS, Åsheim ER, Debes PV, House AH, Erkinaro J, Liljeström P, Primmer CR, Mobley KB. The effect of temperature and dietary energy content on female maturation and egg nutritional content in Atlantic salmon. J Fish Biol 2023; 102:1096-1108. [PMID: 36647775 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The environment experienced by a female influences reproductive traits in many species of fish. Environmental factors such as temperature and diet are not only important mediators of female maturation and reproduction but also of egg traits and offspring fitness through maternal provisioning. In this study, we use 3-year-old tank-reared Atlantic salmon from two Finnish populations to investigate the effect of temperature and diet on maturation and egg traits. We show that a temperature difference of 2°C is sufficient to delay maturation in female Atlantic salmon whereas a 22% reduction in dietary energy content had no effect on maturation. Diet did not influence the body size, condition or fecundity of the mature females or the size or protein content of the eggs. However, a higher energy diet increased egg lipid content. Neither female body size nor condition were associated with egg size or fat/protein composition. Our results indicate that female salmon that have a poorer diet in terms of energy content may have a reproductive disadvantage due to the lower energy provisioning of eggs. This disadvantage has the potential to translate into fitness consequences for their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja S Maamela
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eirik R Åsheim
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul V Debes
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, Sauðárkrókur, Iceland
| | - Andrew H House
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Petra Liljeström
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Lammi, Finland
| | - Craig R Primmer
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kenyon B Mobley
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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2
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Palejowski H, Bylemans J, Ammann V, Marques da Cunha L, Nusbaumer D, Castro I, Uppal A, Mobley KB, Knörr S, Wedekind C. Sex-Specific Life History Affected by Stocking in Juvenile Brown Trout. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.869925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonids are a socioeconomically and ecologically important group of fish that are often managed by stocking. Little is known about potential sex-specific effects of stocking, but recent studies found that the sexes differ in their stress tolerances already at late embryonic stage, i.e., before hatchery-born larvae are released into the wild and long before morphological gonad formation. It has also been speculated that sex-specific life histories can affect juvenile growth and mortality, and that a resulting sex-biassed demography can reduce population growth. Here we test whether juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) show sex-specific life histories and whether such sex effects differ in hatchery- and wild-born fish. We modified a genetic sexing protocol to reduce false assignment rates and used it to study the timing of sex differentiation in a laboratory setting, and in a large-scale field experiment to study growth and mortality of hatchery- and wild-born fish in different environments. We found no sex-specific mortality in any of the environments we studied. However, females started sex differentiation earlier than males, and while growth rates were similar in the laboratory, they differed significantly in the field depending on location and origin of fish. Overall, hatchery-born males grew larger than hatchery-born females while wild-born fish showed the reverse pattern. Whether males or females grew larger was location-specific. We conclude that juvenile brown trout show sex-specific growth that is affected by stocking and by other environmental factors that remain to be identified.
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3
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Öhlund G, Bodin M, Nilsson KA, Öhlund SO, Mobley KB, Hudson AG, Peedu M, Brännström Å, Bartels P, Præbel K, Hein CL, Johansson P, Englund G. Ecological speciation in European whitefish is driven by a large-gaped predator. Evol Lett 2020; 4:243-256. [PMID: 32547784 PMCID: PMC7293097 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lake‐dwelling fish that form species pairs/flocks characterized by body size divergence are important model systems for speciation research. Although several sources of divergent selection have been identified in these systems, their importance for driving the speciation process remains elusive. A major problem is that in retrospect, we cannot distinguish selection pressures that initiated divergence from those acting later in the process. To address this issue, we studied the initial stages of speciation in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) using data from 358 populations of varying age (26–10,000 years). We find that whitefish speciation is driven by a large‐growing predator, the northern pike (Esox lucius). Pike initiates divergence by causing a largely plastic differentiation into benthic giants and pelagic dwarfs: ecotypes that will subsequently develop partial reproductive isolation and heritable differences in gill raker number. Using an eco‐evolutionary model, we demonstrate how pike's habitat specificity and large gape size are critical for imposing a between‐habitat trade‐off, causing prey to mature in a safer place or at a safer size. Thereby, we propose a novel mechanism for how predators may cause dwarf/giant speciation in lake‐dwelling fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Öhlund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Department of Business Administration, Technology, and Social Sciences Luleå University of Technology Luleå SE-971 87 Sweden.,Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies SLU Umeå SE-901 83 Sweden
| | - Mats Bodin
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
| | - Karin A Nilsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Sven-Ola Öhlund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
| | - Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology Plön D-24302 Germany.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland
| | - Alan G Hudson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TQ United Kingdom
| | - Mikael Peedu
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
| | - Åke Brännström
- Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Evolution and Ecology Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg A-2361 Austria
| | - Pia Bartels
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
| | - Kim Præbel
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø N-9037 Norway
| | - Catherine L Hein
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden.,Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC) Abisko Scientific Research Station Abisko SE-981 07 Sweden
| | - Petter Johansson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
| | - Göran Englund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden
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4
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Mobley KB, Granroth‐Wilding H, Ellmén M, Orell P, Erkinaro J, Primmer CR. Time spent in distinct life history stages has sex‐specific effects on reproductive fitness in wild Atlantic salmon. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1173-1184. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B. Mobley
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Hanna Granroth‐Wilding
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko Ellmén
- Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Panu Orell
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Oulu Finland
| | | | - Craig R. Primmer
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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5
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Mobley KB, Granroth-Wilding H, Ellmen M, Vähä JP, Aykanat T, Johnston SE, Orell P, Erkinaro J, Primmer CR. Home ground advantage: Local Atlantic salmon have higher reproductive fitness than dispersers in the wild. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaav1112. [PMID: 30820455 PMCID: PMC6392789 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A long-held, but poorly tested, assumption in natural populations is that individuals that disperse into new areas for reproduction are at a disadvantage compared to individuals that reproduce in their natal habitat, underpinning the eco-evolutionary processes of local adaptation and ecological speciation. Here, we capitalize on fine-scale population structure and natural dispersal events to compare the reproductive success of local and dispersing individuals captured on the same spawning ground in four consecutive parent-offspring cohorts of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Parentage analysis conducted on adults and juvenile fish showed that local females and males had 9.6 and 2.9 times higher reproductive success than dispersers, respectively. Our results reveal how higher reproductive success in local spawners compared to dispersers may act in natural populations to drive population divergence and promote local adaptation over microgeographic spatial scales without clear morphological differences between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B. Mobley
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Corresponding author.
| | - Hanna Granroth-Wilding
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Finland, Itäinen 10 Pitkäkatu 4, Turku FI-20520, Finland
| | - Mikko Ellmen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Finland, Itäinen 10 Pitkäkatu 4, Turku FI-20520, Finland
| | - Juha-Pekka Vähä
- Association for Water and Environment of Western Uusimaa, P.O. Box 51, FI-08101, Lohja, Finland
| | - Tutku Aykanat
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susan E. Johnston
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Panu Orell
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), P.O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Erkinaro
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), P.O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Craig R. Primmer
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Mobley KB, Morrongiello JR, Warr M, Bray DJ, Wong BBM. Female ornamentation and the fecundity trade-off in a sex-role reversed pipefish. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9516-9525. [PMID: 30377519 PMCID: PMC6194251 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual ornaments found only in females are a rare occurrence in nature. One explanation for this is that female ornaments are costly to produce and maintain and, therefore, females must trade-off resources related to reproduction to promote ornament expression. Here, we investigate whether a trade-off exists between female ornamentation and fecundity in the sex-role reversed, wide-bodied pipefish, Stigmatopora nigra. We measured two components of the disk-shaped, ventral-striped female ornament, body width, and stripe thickness. After controlling for the influence of body size, we found no evidence of a cost of belly width or stripe thickness on female fecundity. Rather, females that have larger ornaments have higher fecundity and thus accurately advertise their reproductive value to males without incurring a cost to fecundity. We also investigated the relationship between female body size and egg size and found that larger females suffer a slight decrease in egg size and fecundity, although this decrease was independent of female ornamentation. More broadly, considered in light of similar findings in other taxa, lack of an apparent fecundity cost of ornamentation in female pipefish underscores the need to revisit theoretical assumptions concerning the evolution of female ornamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B. Mobley
- Department of Evolutionary EcologyMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlönGermany
| | | | - Matthew Warr
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Dianne J. Bray
- Vertebrate ZoologyMuseum VictoriaMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bob B. M. Wong
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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7
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Maitre D, Selmoni OM, Uppal A, Marques da Cunha L, Wilkins LGE, Roux J, Mobley KB, Castro I, Knörr S, Robinson-Rechavi M, Wedekind C. Sex differentiation in grayling (Salmonidae) goes through an all-male stage and is delayed in genetic males who instead grow faster. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15024. [PMID: 29101375 PMCID: PMC5670243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish populations can be threatened by distorted sex ratios that arise during sex differentiation. Here we describe sex differentiation in a wild grayling (Thymallus thymallus) population that suffers from distorted sex ratios. We verified that sex determination is linked to the sex determining locus (sdY) of salmonids. This allowed us to study sex-specific gene expression and gonadal development. Sex-specific gene expression could be observed during embryogenesis and was strong around hatching. About half of the fish showed immature testes around eleven weeks after fertilization. This phenotype was mostly replaced by the "testis-to-ovary" or "ovaries" phenotypes during development. The gonads of the remaining fish stayed undifferentiated until six months after fertilization. Genetic sexing revealed that fish with undifferentiated gonads were all males, who grew larger than the genetic females during the observational period. Only 12% of the genetic males showed testicular tissue six months after fertilization. We conclude that sex differentiation starts before hatching, goes through an all-male stage for both sexes (which represents a rare case of "undifferentiated" gonochoristic species that usually go through an all-female stage), and is delayed in males. During these juvenile stages males grow faster than females instead of developing their gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Maitre
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oliver M Selmoni
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Bâtiment GC, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anshu Uppal
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Marques da Cunha
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia G E Wilkins
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, 130 Mulford Hall #3114, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Julien Roux
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstr. 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, August Thienemann Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Isabelle Castro
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center of Organismic Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claus Wedekind
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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8
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Braga Goncalves I, Cornetti L, Couperus AS, van Damme CJG, Mobley KB. Phylogeography of the snake pipefish, Entelurus aequoreus (Family: Syngnathidae) in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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Kasper C, Vierbuchen M, Ernst U, Fischer S, Radersma R, Raulo A, Cunha-Saraiva F, Wu M, Mobley KB, Taborsky B. Genetics and developmental biology of cooperation. Mol Ecol 2017. [PMID: 28626971 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite essential progress towards understanding the evolution of cooperative behaviour, we still lack detailed knowledge about its underlying molecular mechanisms, genetic basis, evolutionary dynamics and ontogeny. An international workshop "Genetics and Development of Cooperation," organized by the University of Bern (Switzerland), aimed at discussing the current progress in this research field and suggesting avenues for future research. This review uses the major themes of the meeting as a springboard to synthesize the concepts of genetic and nongenetic inheritance of cooperation, and to review a quantitative genetic framework that allows for the inclusion of indirect genetic effects. Furthermore, we argue that including nongenetic inheritance, such as transgenerational epigenetic effects, parental effects, ecological and cultural inheritance, provides a more nuanced view of the evolution of cooperation. We summarize those genes and molecular pathways in a range of species that seem promising candidates for mechanisms underlying cooperative behaviours. Concerning the neurobiological substrate of cooperation, we suggest three cognitive skills necessary for the ability to cooperate: (i) event memory, (ii) synchrony with others and (iii) responsiveness to others. Taking a closer look at the developmental trajectories that lead to the expression of cooperative behaviours, we discuss the dichotomy between early morphological specialization in social insects and more flexible behavioural specialization in cooperatively breeding vertebrates. Finally, we provide recommendations for which biological systems and species may be particularly suitable, which specific traits and parameters should be measured, what type of approaches should be followed, and which methods should be employed in studies of cooperation to better understand how cooperation evolves and manifests in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kasper
- Institute for Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ulrich Ernst
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Aura Raulo
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Filipa Cunha-Saraiva
- Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology and Evolution, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Barbara Taborsky
- Institute for Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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10
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Goncalves IB, Mobley KB, Ahnesjö I, Sagebakken G, Jones AG, Kvarnemo C. Effects of mating order and male size on embryo survival in a pipefish. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Braga Goncalves
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Box 463 SE-40530 Göteborg Sweden
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; Animal Behaviour; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Kenyon B. Mobley
- Max Plank Institute for Evolutionary Biology; August-Thienemann Straβe 2 DE-24306 Plön Germany
| | - Ingrid Ahnesjö
- Department of Ecology and Genetics; Animal Ecology; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen 18D SE-75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Gry Sagebakken
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Box 463 SE-40530 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Adam G. Jones
- Department of Biology; Texas A&M University; 3258 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Charlotta Kvarnemo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Gothenburg; Box 463 SE-40530 Göteborg Sweden
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11
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Henrich T, Hafer N, Mobley KB. Effects of VIE tagging and partial tissue sampling on the immune response of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. J Fish Biol 2014; 85:965-971. [PMID: 25060133 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A 14 day experiment on effects of visible implant elastomer (VIE) tagging and spine-clipping of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus showed significant increases in immune response, particularly in the granulocyte:lymphocyte ratio, in both treatments and the sham control. A minimum two-week recovery after handling, anaesthesia, tagging and spine-clipping is recommended to minimize effect of manipulation on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Henrich
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann Str. 2, Plön, Germany
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12
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Wacker S, Amundsen T, Forsgren E, Mobley KB. Within-season variation in sexual selection in a fish with dynamic sex roles. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:3587-99. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wacker
- Department of Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; 7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Trond Amundsen
- Department of Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; 7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Elisabet Forsgren
- Department of Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; 7491 Trondheim Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; 7047 Trondheim Norway
| | - Kenyon B. Mobley
- Department of Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; 7491 Trondheim Norway
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology; 24306 Plön Germany
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13
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Mobley KB, Abou Chakra M, Jones AG. No evidence for size-assortative mating in the wild despite mutual mate choice in sex-role-reversed pipefishes. Ecol Evol 2013; 4:67-78. [PMID: 24455162 PMCID: PMC3894889 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Size-assortative mating is a nonrandom association of body size between members of mating pairs and is expected to be common in species with mutual preferences for body size. In this study, we investigated whether there is direct evidence for size-assortative mating in two species of pipefishes, Syngnathus floridae and S. typhle, that share the characteristics of male pregnancy, sex-role reversal, and a polygynandrous mating system. We take advantage of microsatellite-based “genetic-capture” techniques to match wild-caught females with female genotypes reconstructed from broods of pregnant males and use these data to explore patterns of size-assortative mating in these species. We also develop a simulation model to explore how positive, negative, and antagonistic preferences of each sex for body size affect size-assortative mating. Contrary to expectations, we were unable to find any evidence of size-assortative mating in either species at different geographic locations or at different sampling times. Furthermore, two traits that potentially confer a fitness advantage in terms of reproductive success, female mating order and number of eggs transferred per female, do not affect pairing patterns in the wild. Results from model simulations demonstrate that strong mating preferences are unlikely to explain the observed patterns of mating in the studied populations. Our study shows that individual mating preferences, as ascertained by laboratory-based mating trials, can be decoupled from realized patterns of mating in the wild, and therefore, field studies are also necessary to determine actual patterns of mate choice in nature. We conclude that this disconnect between preferences and assortative mating is likely due to ecological constraints and multiple mating that may limit mate choice in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B Mobley
- Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Biology August-Thienemann Str. 2, Plön, 24306, Germany
| | - Maria Abou Chakra
- Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Biology August-Thienemann Str. 2, Plön, 24306, Germany
| | - Adam G Jones
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University 3258 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B. Mobley
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, August-Thienemann-Straße 2, 24306 Plön, Germany,
| | - Kristina Karlsson Green
- Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland,
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Aronsen T, Berglund A, Mobley KB, Ratikainen II, Rosenqvist G. SEX RATIO AND DENSITY AFFECT SEXUAL SELECTION IN A SEX-ROLE REVERSED FISH. Evolution 2013; 67:3243-57. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Aronsen
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; NO-7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Animal Ecology; Uppsala University; SE-752 36 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Kenyon B. Mobley
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology; 24306 Plön Germany
| | - Irja I. Ratikainen
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; NO-7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Gunilla Rosenqvist
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; NO-7491 Trondheim Norway
- University of Gotland; SE-621 67 Visby Sweden
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Mobley KB, Jones AG. OVERCOMING STATISTICAL BIAS TO ESTIMATE GENETIC MATING SYSTEMS IN OPEN POPULATIONS: A COMPARISON OF BATEMAN'S PRINCIPLES BETWEEN THE SEXES IN A SEX-ROLE-REVERSED PIPEFISH. Evolution 2012; 67:646-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01819.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mobley KB, Lussetti D, Johansson F, Englund G, Bokma F. Morphological and genetic divergence in Swedish postglacial stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:287. [PMID: 21970590 PMCID: PMC3198969 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important objective of evolutionary biology is to understand the processes that govern phenotypic variation in natural populations. We assessed patterns of morphological and genetic divergence among coastal and inland lake populations of nine-spined stickleback in northern Sweden. Coastal populations are either from the Baltic coast (n = 5) or from nearby coastal lakes (n = 3) that became isolated from the Baltic Sea (< 100 years before present, ybp). Inland populations are from freshwater lakes that became isolated from the Baltic approximately 10,000 ybp; either single species lakes without predators (n = 5), or lakes with a recent history of predation (n = 5) from stocking of salmonid predators (~50 ybp). RESULTS Coastal populations showed little variation in 11 morphological traits and had longer spines per unit of body length than inland populations. Inland populations were larger, on average, and showed greater morphological variation than coastal populations. A principal component analysis (PCA) across all populations revealed two major morphological axes related to spine length (PC1, 47.7% variation) and body size (PC2, 32.9% variation). Analysis of PCA scores showed marked similarity in coastal (Baltic coast and coastal lake) populations. PCA scores indicate that inland populations with predators have higher within-group variance in spine length and lower within-group variance in body size than inland populations without predators. Estimates of within-group PST (a proxy for QST) from PCA scores are similar to estimates of FST for coastal lake populations but PST >FST for Baltic coast populations. PST >FST for PC1 and PC2 for inland predator and inland no predator populations, with the exception that PST CONCLUSIONS Baltic coast and coastal lake populations show little morphological and genetic variation within and between groups suggesting that these populations experience similar ecological conditions and that time since isolation of coastal lakes has been insufficient to demonstrate divergent morphology in coastal lake populations. Inland populations, on the other hand, showed much greater morphological and genetic variation characteristic of long periods of isolation. Inland populations from lakes without predators generally have larger body size, and smaller spine length relative to body size, suggesting systematic reduction in spine length. In contrast, inland populations with predators exhibit a wider range of spine lengths relative to body size suggesting that this trait is responding to local predation pressure differently among these populations. Taken together the results suggest that predation plays a role in shaping morphological variation among isolated inland populations. However, we cannot rule out that a causal relationship between predation versus other genetic and environmental influences on phenotypic variation not measured in this study exists, and this warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus väg 6, Umeå University, 90187 Sweden
| | - Daniel Lussetti
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus väg 6, Umeå University, 90187 Sweden
| | - Frank Johansson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus väg 6, Umeå University, 90187 Sweden
| | - Göran Englund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus väg 6, Umeå University, 90187 Sweden
| | - Folmer Bokma
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus väg 6, Umeå University, 90187 Sweden
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Abstract
The advent of DNA fingerprinting and microsatellite techniques has revolutionized the way in which we investigate genetic pedigrees in the wild (Pemberton 2008). With large and often incomplete data sets consisting of hundreds to thousands of individuals over multiple generations becoming commonplace, new methods in parentage analysis are being developed to rise to the next generation of questions and challenges. In this issue, Christie et al. (2011) provide a simple yet elegant solution to the problem of identifying missing parents and assessing hybrid fitness in a mixed population of wild and hatchery steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) where not all individuals can be sampled effectively. They develop a new method of grandparent analysis where parental genotypes can be reconstructed using data from candidate grandparent crosses and F2 offspring genotypes, allowing for new explorations of hybridization, migration and gene flow in wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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Kvarnemo C, Mobley KB, Partridge C, Jones AG, Ahnesjö I. Evidence of paternal nutrient provisioning to embryos in broad-nosed pipefish Syngnathus typhle. J Fish Biol 2011; 78:1725-1737. [PMID: 21651524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.02989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In two experiments, radioactively labelled nutrients (either (3)H-labelled amino-acid mixture or (14)C-labelled glucose) were tube-fed to brooding male Syngnathus typhle. Both nutrients were taken up by the males and radioactivity generally increased in the brood pouch tissue with time. Furthermore, a low but significant increase of (3)H-labelled amino acids in embryos was found over the experimental interval (48 h), whereas in the (14)C-glucose experiment the radioactivity was taken up by the embryos but did not increase over the experimental time (320 min). Uptake of radioisotopes per embryo did not differ with embryo size. A higher uptake mg(-1) tissue of both (3)H-labelled amino acids and (14)C-labelled glucose was found in smaller embryos, possibly due to a higher relative metabolic rate or to a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio compared to larger embryos. Uptake in embryos was not influenced by male size, embryonic developmental advancement or position in the brood pouch. It is concluded that brooding males provide amino acids, and probably also glucose, to the developing embryos in the brood pouch.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kvarnemo
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
The goal of this review was to provide a historical overview of how molecular techniques have increased the understanding of the ecology and evolution of the family Syngnathidae (pipefishes, seahorses and seadragons). Molecular studies based primarily on mitochondrial DNA markers have proved their worth by elucidating complex phylogenetic relationships within the family. Phylogeographic studies, which have revealed how life-history traits and past climatic events shape geographic distributions and patterns of genetic variation within syngnathid species, also provide interesting case studies for the conservation and management of threatened species. The application of microsatellite DNA markers has opened a floodgate of studies concerned with the breeding biology of these fishes, which are interesting due to their unique reproductive mode of male pregnancy. Research in this area has contributed significantly to the understanding of mating patterns and sexual selection. Molecular markers may also be employed in studies of demography, migration and local breeding population sizes. Genomic studies have identified genes that are probably involved in male pregnancy and promise additional insights into various aspects of syngnathid biology at the level of the gene. Despite these advances, much more remains to be explored. Goals for future research should include: (1) a more inclusive phylogeny to resolve outstanding issues concerning the relationships within the family and higher order taxa, (2) a broader use of molecular studies to aid management and conservation efforts, (3) the inclusion of more genera in comparative behavioural studies and (4) the continued development of genomic resources for syngnathids to facilitate comparative genomic work.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Mobley
- Umeå University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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Mobley KB, Kvarnemo C, Ahnesjö I, Partridge C, Berglund A, Jones AG. The effect of maternal body size on embryo survivorship in the broods of pregnant male pipefish. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-010-1129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Svensson O, Lissåker M, Mobley KB. Offspring recognition and the influence of clutch size on nest fostering among male sand gobies, Pomatoschistus minutus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-010-0947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sagebakken G, Ahnesjö I, Mobley KB, Gonçalves IB, Kvarnemo C. Brooding fathers, not siblings, take up nutrients from embryos. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 277:971-7. [PMID: 19939847 PMCID: PMC2842728 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that many animals with placenta-like structures provide their embryos with nutrients and oxygen. However, we demonstrate here that nutrients can pass the other way, from embryos to the parent. The study was done on a pipefish, Syngnathus typhle, in which males brood fertilized eggs in a brood pouch for several weeks. Earlier research has found a reduction of embryo numbers during the brooding period, but the fate of the nutrients from these 'reduced' embryos has been unknown. In this study, we considered whether (i) the brooding male absorbs the nutrients, (ii) siblings absorb them, or (iii) a combination of both. Males were mated to two sets of females, one of which had radioactively labelled eggs (using (14)C-labelled amino acids), such that approximately half the eggs in the brood pouch were labelled. This allowed us to trace nutrient uptake from these embryos. We detected that (14)C-labelled amino acids were transferred to the male brood pouch, liver and muscle tissue. However, we did not detect any significant (14)C-labelled amino-acid absorption by the non-labelled half-siblings in the brood pouch. Thus, we show, to our knowledge, for the first time, that males absorb nutrients derived from embryos through their paternal brood pouch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Sagebakken
- Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, , Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Goncalves IB, Mobley KB, Ahnesjö I, Sagebakken G, Jones AG, Kvarnemo C. Reproductive compensation in broad-nosed pipefish females. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 277:1581-7. [PMID: 20106851 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential allocation hypothesis assumes that animals should weigh costs and benefits of investing into reproduction with a current mate against the expected quality of future mates, and predicts that they should invest more into reproduction when pairing with a high-quality mate. In the broad-nosed pipefish (Syngnathus typhle), males care for the embryos in a brood pouch and females compete for access to male mating partners. Both sexes prefer mating with large partners. In the present study, we show that the same female provides both large and small mating partners with eggs of similar size, weight and lipid content when mated to two males in succession. Importantly, however, eggs provided to small males (less preferred) had higher egg protein content (11% more) than those provided to large males (preferred). Thus, contrary to the differential allocation hypothesis, eggs did not contain more resources when females mated with a larger male. Instead, the pattern observed in our results is consistent with a compensatory reproductive strategy.
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Mobley KB, Jones AG. Environmental, demographic, and genetic mating system variation among five geographically distinct dusky pipefish (Syngnathus floridae) populations. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:1476-90. [PMID: 19368649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic mating systems are expected to vary among and within populations in response to environmental and demographic factors. Despite the fact that mating system variation theoretically can have profound effects on important evolutionary processes such as sexual selection, extensive intraspecific surveys of geographical variation in mating systems are rare. We used microsatellite markers to characterize genetic mating systems of dusky pipefish, Syngnathus floridae, from five populations distributed from the mid-Atlantic Coast to the Western Gulf of Mexico. We also measured a number of environmental and demographic variables to examine correlations between the ecological setting and mating behaviour. Our results show that dusky pipefish are polygynandrous throughout their USA distribution, but they exhibit a wide range of quantitative variation in male mating behaviour. In addition, these five populations varied substantially with respect to environmental and demographic variables, and some of these were significantly correlated with aspects of the genetic mating system. While causal relationships cannot be firmly diagnosed from this type of comparative study, our results do identify several ecological factors, such as water temperature, adult sex ratio, and seagrass biomass, which should be considered in future experimental and comparative work. Overall, this study confirms the expectation that geographical variation in mating systems is widespread and shows that the dusky pipefish is an excellent model for continued research into the factors affecting mating systems in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3258, USA.
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Mobley KB, Amundsen T, Forsgren E, Svensson PA, Jones AG. Multiple mating and a low incidence of cuckoldry for nest-holding males in the two-spotted goby, Gobiusculus flavescens. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:6. [PMID: 19133131 PMCID: PMC2631507 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major question in behavioural ecology concerns the relationship between genetic mating systems and the strength of sexual selection. In this study, we investigated the genetic mating system of the two-spotted goby (Gobiusculus flavescens), a useful fish model for the study of sexual selection whose genetic mating system remains uncharacterized. We developed four polymorphic microsatellite markers and used them to conduct parentage analyses on 21 nests collected during the breeding season to examine the rates of multiple mating by males and to test for evidence of alternative mating strategies. RESULTS Results of this study indicate that male G. flavescens mate with multiple females and enjoy confidence of paternity. We detected only one instance of sneaking, so cuckoldry contributed a very small percentage (approximately 0.1%) of the total fertilizations in this population. Nests were nearly full and males that maintain larger nests have higher mating and reproductive success, irrespective of body size. CONCLUSION Overall, our investigation shows that G. flavescens is similar to other, related gobies in that the nests of care-giving males often contain eggs from multiple females. However, G. flavescens differs from other gobies in displaying an extremely low rate of cuckoldry. The study of ecological factors responsible for this important difference between G. flavescens and related species should be a fertile area for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon B Mobley
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond Amundsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elisabet Forsgren
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per A Svensson
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Adam G Jones
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Partridge C, Ahnesjö I, Kvarnemo C, Mobley KB, Berglund A, Jones AG. The effect of perceived female parasite load on post-copulatory male choice in a sex-role-reversed pipefish. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-008-0668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Differences among populations in the intensity of sexual selection resulting from distinct genetic mating systems can lead to divergent morphological evolution and speciation. However, little is known about how genetic mating systems vary between populations and what factors may contribute to this variation. In this study, we compare the genetic mating systems of two geographically distinct populations of the dusky pipefish (Syngnathus floridae), a species characterized by polygynandry and male pregnancy, from the Atlantic Coast of Virginia and the Gulf Coast of Florida. Our results revealed significant interpopulation variation in mating and reproductive success. Estimates of the opportunity for selection (I), the opportunity for sexual selection (I(s)) and the Bateman gradient (beta(ss)) were higher among males in the Florida population than in the Virginia population, suggesting that sexual selection on males is stronger in the Florida population. The Virginia population is larger and denser than the Florida population, suggesting that population demographics may be one of many causal factors shaping interpopulational mating patterns. This study also provides evidence that the adult sex ratio, operational sex ratio, population density and genetic mating system of S. floridae may be temporally stable over timescales of a month in the Florida population. Overall, our results show that this species is a good model for the study of mating system variation in nature and that Bateman's principles may be a useful technique for the quantitative comparison of mating systems between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Mobley
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Hoffman EA, Mobley KB, Jones AG. Male pregnancy and the evolution of body segmentation in seahorses and pipefishes. Evolution 2006; 60:404-10. [PMID: 16610331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of complex traits, which are specified by the interplay of multiple genetic loci and environmental effects, is a topic of central importance in evolutionary biology. Here, we show that body and tail vertebral numbers in fishes of the pipefish and seahorse family (Syngnathidae) can serve as a model for studies of quantitative trait evolution. A quantitative genetic analysis of body and tail vertebrae from field-collected families of the Gulf pipefish, Syngnathus scovelli, shows that both traits exhibit significantly positive additive genetic variance, with heritabilities of 0.75 +/- 0.13 (mean +/- standard error) and 0.46 +/- 0.18, respectively. We do not find any evidence for either phenotypic or genetic correlations between the two traits. Pipefish are characterized by male pregnancy, and phylogenetic consideration of body proportions suggests that the position of eggs on the pregnant male's body may have contributed to the evolution of vertebral counts. In terms of numbers of vertebrae, tail-brooding males have longer tails for a given trunk size than do trunk-brooding males. Overall, these results suggest that vertebral counts in pipefish are heritable traits, capable of a response to selection, and they may have experienced an interesting history of selection due to the phenomenon of male pregnancy. Given that these traits vary among populations within species as well as among species, they appear to provide an excellent model for further research on complex trait evolution. Body segmentation may thus afford excellent opportunities for comparative study of homologous complex traits among disparate vertebrate taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Hoffman
- Department of Biology, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
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Hoffman EA, Mobley KB, Jones AG. MALE PREGNANCY AND THE EVOLUTION OF BODY SEGMENTATION IN SEAHORSES AND PIPEFISHES. Evolution 2006. [DOI: 10.1554/05-268.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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