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Lee JW, Kim JU, Bang KH, Kwon N, Kim YC, Jo IH, Park YD. Efficient Somatic Embryogenesis, Regeneration and Acclimatization of Panax ginseng Meyer: True-to-Type Conformity of Plantlets as Confirmed by ISSR Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1270. [PMID: 36986958 PMCID: PMC10053578 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Panax ginseng Meyer grows in east Russia and Asia. There is a high demand for this crop due to its medicinal properties. However, its low reproductive efficiency has been a hindrance to the crop's widespread use. This study aims to establish an efficient regeneration and acclimatization system for the crop. The type of basal media and strength were evaluated for their effects on somatic embryogenesis, germination, and regeneration. The highest rate of somatic embryogenesis was achieved for the basal media MS, N6, and GD, with the optimal nitrogen content (≥35 mM) and NH4+/NO3- ratio (1:2 or 1:4). The full-strength MS medium was the best one for somatic embryo induction. However, the diluted MS medium had a more positive effect on embryo maturation. Additionally, the basal media affected shooting, rooting, and plantlet formation. The germination medium containing 1/2 MS facilitated good shoot development; however, the medium with 1/2 SH yielded outstanding root development. In vitro-grown roots were successfully transferred to soil, and they exhibited a high survival rate (86.3%). Finally, the ISSR marker analysis demonstrated that the regenerated plants were not different from the control. The obtained results provide valuable information for a more efficient micropropagation of various P. ginseng cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institution of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Uk Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institution of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Hwan Bang
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institution of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeong Kwon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institution of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Kim
- Research Policy Bureau, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Doo Park
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Jang W, Lee HO, Lee JW, Kwon N, Kim DH, Bang KH, Jo IH. The complete mitochondrial genome of Panax ginseng (Apiales, Araliaceae): an important medicinal plant. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:3080-3081. [PMID: 34595343 PMCID: PMC8477949 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1981167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is a multifunctional medicinal herb used worldwide and is an economically important high-value crop in Korea. Here, we presented the mitochondrial genome of P. ginseng landrace ‘Jakyung’, which is one of the most common cultivars cultivated in Korean farms. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence was 464,661 bp in length and had a single circular form. The ginseng mitochondrial genome encoded 72 unique genes, including 45 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes, and three rRNA genes. Nucleotide composition analysis revealed a GC content of 45.1%, with a slightly higher A + T bias (A, 27.1%; T, 27.8%; G, 22.5%; C, 22.6%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. ginseng was closely related to Daucus carota in the Apiales. This complete mitochondrial genome sequence of P. ginseng provides valuable genetic information for further studies of this important medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojong Jang
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
| | | | - Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
| | - Nayeong Kwon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwi Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
| | - Kyong-Hwan Bang
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, Korea
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Jo IH, Sung J, Hong CE, Raveendar S, Bang KH, Chung JW. Development of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and high-resolution melting (HRM) markers from the chloroplast genome of Glycyrrhiza species. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:220. [PMID: 29682439 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is an important medicinal crop often used as health foods or medicine worldwide. The molecular genetics of licorice is under scarce owing to lack of molecular markers. Here, we have developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and high-resolution melting (HRM) markers based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) by comparing the chloroplast genomes of two Glycyrrhiza species (G. glabra and G. lepidota). The CAPS and HRM markers were tested for diversity analysis with 24 Glycyrrhiza accessions. The restriction profiles generated with CAPS markers classified the accessions (2-4 genotypes) and melting curves (2-3) were obtained from the HRM markers. The number of alleles and major allele frequency were 2-6 and 0.31-0.92, respectively. The genetic distance and polymorphism information content values were 0.16-0.76 and 0.15-0.72, respectively. The phylogenetic relationships among the 24 accessions were estimated using a dendrogram, which classified them into four clades. Except clade III, the remaining three clades included the same species, confirming interspecies genetic correlation. These 18 CAPS and HRM markers might be helpful for genetic diversity assessment and rapid identification of licorice species.
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Moon JY, Han HJ, Park SW, Dong H, Han KY, Kim HJ, Bang KH, Choi JY, Noh BS. Discrimination of the origin of commercial red ginseng concentrates using LC-MS/MS and electronic nose analysis based on a mass spectrometer. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0196-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Jung J, Kim KH, Yang K, Bang KH, Yang TJ. Practical application of DNA markers for high-throughput authentication of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius from commercial ginseng products. J Ginseng Res 2014; 38:123-9. [PMID: 24748836 PMCID: PMC3986582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are widely used medicinal plants with similar morphology but different medicinal efficacy. Roots, flowers, and processed products of Korean and American ginseng can be difficult to differentiate from each other, leading to illegal trade in which one species is sold as the other. This study was carried out to develop convenient and reliable chloroplast genome-derived DNA markers for authentication of Korean and American ginseng in commercial processed products. One codominant marker could reproducibly identify both species and intentional mixtures of the two species. We further developed a set of species-unique dominant DNA markers. Each species-specific dominant marker could detect 1% cross contamination with other species by low resolution agarose gel electrophoresis or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Both markers were successfully applied to evaluate the original species from various processed ginseng products purchased from markets in Korea and China. We believe that high-throughput application of this marker system will eradicate illegal trade and promote confident marketing for both species to increase the value of Korean as well as American ginseng in Korea and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Jung
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Kim
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kiwoung Yang
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong-Hwan Bang
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yang
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Park KC, Lee SH, Bang KH, Park HW, Hyun DY, Kang SW, Cha SW, Chung IM. Screening of Antifungal Bacillus spp. against Alternaria Blight Pathogen (Alternaria panax) and Anthracnose Pathogen (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) of Ginseng. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7783/kjmcs.2012.20.5.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kim N, Kim K, Lee D, Shin YS, Bang KH, Cha SW, Lee JW, Choi HK, Hwang BY, Lee D. Nontargeted metabolomics approach for age differentiation and structure interpretation of age-dependent key constituents in hairy roots of Panax ginseng. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:1777-1784. [PMID: 23002782 DOI: 10.1021/np300499p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The age of the ginseng plant has been considered as an important criterion to determine the quality of this species. For age differentiation and structure interpretation of age-dependent key constituents of Panax ginseng, hairy root (fine root) extracts aged from four to six years were analyzed using a nontargeted approach with ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOFMS). Various classification methods were used to determine an optimal method to best describe ginseng age by selecting influential metabolites of different ages. Through the metabolite selection process, several age-dependent key constituents having the potential to be biomarkers were determined, and their structures were identified according to tandem mass spectrometry and accurate mass spectrometry by comparing them with an in-house ginsenoside library and with literature data. This proposed method applied to the hairy roots of P. ginseng showed an improved efficiency of age differentiation when compared to previous results on the main roots and increases the possibility of the identification of key metabolites that can be used as biomarker candidates for quality assurance in ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyun Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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Yang SO, Shin YS, Hyun SH, Cho S, Bang KH, Lee D, Choi SP, Choi HK. NMR-based metabolic profiling and differentiation of ginseng roots according to cultivation ages. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 58:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kim N, Kim K, Choi BY, Lee D, Shin YS, Bang KH, Cha SW, Lee JW, Choi HK, Jang DS, Lee D. Metabolomic approach for age discrimination of Panax ginseng using UPLC-Q-Tof MS. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:10435-10441. [PMID: 21916514 DOI: 10.1021/jf201718r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Tof MS)-based metabolomic technique was applied for metabolite profiling of 60 Panax ginseng samples aged from 1 to 6 years. Multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were used to compare the derived patterns among the samples. The data set was subsequently applied to various metabolite selection methods for sophisticated classification with the optimal number of metabolites. The results showed variations in accuracy among the classification methods for the samples of different ages, especially for those aged 4, 5, and 6 years. This proposed analytical method coupled with multivariate analysis is fast, accurate, and reliable for discriminating the cultivation ages of P. ginseng samples and is a potential tool to standardize quality control in the P. ginseng industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyun Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology and ‡Department of Statistics, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Korea
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Lee JW, Kim YC, Jo IH, Seo AY, Lee JH, Kim OT, Hyun DY, Cha SW, Bang KH, Cho JH. Development of an ISSR-Derived SCAR Marker in Korean Ginseng Cultivars (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). J Ginseng Res 2011. [DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2011.35.1.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Zhao WG, Chung JW, Cho YI, Rha WH, Lee GA, Ma KH, Han SH, Bang KH, Park CB, Kim SM, Park YJ. Molecular genetic diversity and population structure in Lycium accessions using SSR markers. C R Biol 2010; 333:793-800. [PMID: 21146135 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 139 Lycium chinense accessions using 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 108 alleles were detected. The number of alleles per marker locus ranged from two to 17, with an average of six. The gene diversity and polymorphism information content value averaged 0.3792 and 0.3296, with ranges of 0.0793 to 0.8023 and 0.0775 to 0.7734, respectively. The average heterozygosity was 0.4394. The model-based structure analysis revealed the presence of three subpopulations, which was consistent with clustering based on genetic distance. An AMOVA analysis showed that the between-population component of genetic variance was less than 15.3%, in contrast to 84.7% for the within-population component. The overall F(ST) value was 0.1178, indicating a moderate differentiation among groups. The results could be used for future L. chinense allele mining, association mapping, gene cloning, germplasm conservation, and designing effective breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Zhao
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702, Republic of Korea
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Bang KH, Lee JW, Kim YC, Kim DH, Lee EH, Jeung JU. Construction of Genomic DNA Library of Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER) and Development of Sequence-Tagged Sites. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:1579-88. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-Hwan Bang
- Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
| | - Jei-Wan Lee
- Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
| | - Young-Chang Kim
- Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
| | - Dong-Hwi Kim
- Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
| | - Eung-Ho Lee
- Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
| | - Ji-Ung Jeung
- Rice Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Korean Rural Development Administration (RDA)
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Shin YS, Bang KH, In DS, Sung JS, Kim SY, Ku BC, Kim SW, Lee DH, Choi HK. Fingerprinting Differentiation of Astragalus membranaceus Roots According to Ages Using1H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2009. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2009.17.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Kim ST, Bae DW, Lee KH, Hwang JE, Bang KH, Kim YC, Kim OT, Yoo NH, Kang KY, Hyun DY, Lim CO. Proteomic analysis of Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) following exposure to salt stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.5010/jpb.2008.35.3.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim OT, Bang KH, Shin YS, Lee MJ, Jung SJ, Hyun DY, Kim YC, Seong NS, Cha SW, Hwang B. Enhanced production of asiaticoside from hairy root cultures of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban elicited by methyl jasmonate. Plant Cell Rep 2007; 26:1941-9. [PMID: 17632725 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-007-0400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Transformed root ("hairy root") cultures have been shown to be a good model for the study of many secondary metabolites. However, economically important compounds such as asiaticoside and madecassoside are produced in insignificant amounts in the root of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. To overcome this problem, C. asiatica was transformed using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain R1000 that harbors pCAMBIA1302 encoding the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) and green fluorescence protein (mgfp5) genes and the hairy culture was coupled with elicitation technique. Hairy roots were obtained at a frequency of up to 14.1% from a tissue junction between the leaf and petiole. Abundant hairy roots were observed when co-cultivation of the plant with A. rhizogenes was done for 7 days (36.1%). Transformation was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analyses. Five weeks after inoculation, no asiaticoside was detected in the hairy root samples. However, when 0.1 mM methyl jasmonate (MJ) was applied as an elicitor to the culture medium for 3 weeks, a large quantity of asiaticoside was generated (7.12 mg/g, dry wt). In the case of gene expression, 12 h after MJ treatment the expression of the CabAS (C. asiatica putative beta-amyrin synthase) gene in the hairy roots is significantly different from that of the control and this level of transcripts was maintained for 14 days. Our results showed that production of C. asiatica hairy roots could be optimized and the resulting cultures could be elicited with MJ treatment for enhanced production of asiaticoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Tae Kim
- Division of Ginseng and Medicinal Crop, National Institute of Crop Sciences, RDA, Suwon 441-857, South Korea
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Chung MJ, Park KW, Kim KH, Kim CT, Baek JP, Bang KH, Choi YM, Lee SJ. Asian plantain (Plantago asiatica) essential oils suppress 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-co-enzyme A reductase expression in vitro and in vivo and show hypocholesterolaemic properties in mice. Br J Nutr 2007; 99:67-75. [PMID: 17697428 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507798926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Asian plantain (Plantago asiatica) essential oil (PAEO) contains multiple bioactive compounds, but its potential effects on lipid metabolism have not been examined. PAEO was found to be mostly composed of oxygenated monoterpenes, with linalool as the major component (82.5 %, w/w), measured using GC-MS. Incubation of 0-200 microg PAEO/ml with HepG2 cells for 24 h resulted in no significant toxicity. Incubation with 0.2 mg PAEO/ml altered the expression of LDL receptor (+83 %; P < 0.05) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase ( - 37 %; P < 0.05), as assessed using RT-PCR. LDL oxidation was markedly inhibited by PAEO treatment due to the prevalence of linalool compounds in PAEO. Oral administration of PAEO for 3 weeks in C57BL/6 mice significantly reduced plasma total cholesterol and TAG concentrations by 29 and 46 %, respectively. The mRNA (+58 %; P < 0.05), but not protein, levels of the LDL receptor were significantly higher, whereas both mRNA and protein levels of HMG-CoA reductase were significantly lower ( - 46 and - 11 %, respectively; P < 0.05) in the liver of PAEO-fed than of control mice. The mRNA levels of CYP7A1 were marginally reduced in HepG2 cells, but not in mouse liver after PAEO treatment. Thus, PAEO may have hypocholesterolaemic effects by altering the expression of HMG-CoA reductase. Reduced TAG and oxidised LDL may provide additional cardiovascular protective benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ja Chung
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Food Safety, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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Abstract
This study examined the inhibitory effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde (CA), an aromatic aldehyde derived from Cinnamomi Cortex, on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall synthesizing enzymes in vitro. This compound was found to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of beta-(1,3)-glucan synthase and a mixed inhibitor of chitin synthase 1 with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.84 and 1.44 mM, respectively. Chitin synthases 2 and 3 were less sensitive than chitin synthase 1 to CA. CA can be useful as a model compound of cell wall inhibitors for the development of effective antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Bang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
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Abstract
Two neolignan compounds, magnolol (5,5'-diallyl-2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 1) and honokiol (5,5'-diallyl-2,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 2), were isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia obovata and evaluated for antifungal activity against various human pathogenic fungi. Compound 1 and 2 showed significant inhibitory activities against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporium gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus niger, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in a range of 25-100 microg/ml. Therefore, compound 1 and 2 could be used as lead compounds for the development of novel antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Bang
- R & D Center, Kolon Pharmaceutical Inc., Taejon, Korea
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Abstract
Antifungal activities of the compounds isolated from Kalopanax pictus against representative fungi of dermatomycosis were investigated using paper disc diffusion method. It was found that kalopanaxsaponins A and I were effective in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans KCTC 1940 and Cryptococcus neoformans KCTC 7224 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25 micrograms/ml. It showed that antifungal activity of both compounds have strong selectivity against the fungi of dermatomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Kim
- Research Institute for Wakan-Yaku, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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Lee HW, Bang KH, Higgins RP, Wang SS. Acute appendicitis, perforation, and small-bowel obstruction in an infant. JAMA 1986; 255:233-4. [PMID: 3790199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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