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Chen LA, She DY, Liang ZX, Liang LL, Chen RC, Ye F, Li YP, Zhou Y, Chen XH, Fang SF, Lai GX, Hu Q, Xie BS, Yao XJ, Shi Y, Su X, He LX, Zhou JY, Zhong SC, Zhang QL, Xiong SD, Qu JM, Tong ZH, Jiang SJ, Liu J, Xu F, He B, Li ER, Yuan YD, Zhang XY, Sun TY, Liu YN. [A prospective multi-center clinical investigation of HIV-negative pulmonary cryptococcosis in China]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:14-27. [PMID: 33412620 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200122-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis in respiratory medicine and improve the understanding of the clinical characteristics of HIV-negative pulmonary cryptococcosis in China. Methods: A prospective multi-center open cohort study was designed to screen for pulmonary cryptococcosis in the general wards and intensive care units of the Department of Respiratory Diseases in 22 hospitals. The HIV-negative patients with positive cryptococcal etiological diagnosis based on smear culture, antigen detection and histopathology were enrolled in the study. The clinical data of enrolled patients were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 457 cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis were enrolled, among which 3.28% (15/457) were disseminated infections. The case fatality rate was 0.88% (4/457). The majority of the cases were diagnosed by histopathological examinations (74.40%, 340/457) and cryptococcus antigen detection (37.64%, 172/457). Patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis accounted for 2.04‰ (457/223 748) of the total hospitalized patients in the Department of Respiratory Diseases during the same period, and the ratio was the highest in south and east China. Meanwhile, 70.24% (321/457) of the patients had no underlying diseases, while 87.75% (401/457) were found to have immunocompetent status. Cough and expectoration were the most common clinical symptoms in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. However, 25.16% (115/457) of the patients had no clinical symptom or physical signs. In terms of imaging features on pulmonary CT, multiple pulmonary lesions were more common than isolated lesions, and there were more subpleural lesions than perihilar or medial lesions. Morphologically, most of the lesions were middle-sized nodules (1-5 cm) or small-sized nodules (3 mm to 1 cm). The sensitivity of serum cryptococcus antigen test was 71.99% (203/282). Moreover, antigen-positive patients differed from antigen-negative patients in terms of basic immune status, clinical symptoms, imaging features and infection types. Meanwhile, immunocompromised patients differed from immunocompetent patients in terms of clinical symptoms, physical signs, infection-related inflammation indicator levels, imaging features, serum cryptococcus antigen positive rate and prognosis. Conclusions: The majority of cases of HIV-negative pulmonary cryptococcosis in China had no underlying disease or immunocompromised status, and the overrall prognosis was favorable. However, early diagnosis of HIV-negative pulmonary cryptococcosis remains challenging due to the complicated manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - D Y She
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z X Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - L L Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - R C Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - F Ye
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y P Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - X H Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou 350008, China
| | - S F Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou 350008, China
| | - G X Lai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team Support Force,Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Q Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team Support Force,Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - B S Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital,Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X J Yao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital,Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command;,Nanjing 210002, China
| | - X Su
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command;,Nanjing 210002, China
| | - L X He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University,Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Y Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - S C Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Longyan First Hospital,Longyan 364000, China
| | - Q L Zhang
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Jiangxi Chest Hospital,Nanchang 330006, China
| | - S D Xiong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - J M Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Z H Tong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020, China
| | - S J Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital,Jinan 250021, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - F Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006, China
| | - B He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191, China
| | - E R Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Y D Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - X Y Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guzhou Provincial People's Hospital,Guiyang 550002, China
| | - T Y Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital,Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y N Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Wang JX, Zhang FC, Liu XQ, Tang CW, Chen LA, Han Y. [Expert consensus for diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopenia in China]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:498-510. [PMID: 32594683 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200424-00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is the main clinical manifestation or common complication of multiple diseases, but there is still a lack of systematic understanding of pathogenesis, underlying diseases and treatment strategies of thrombocytopenia. Based on evidence-based medicine, this consensus summarizes seven aspects related to thrombocytopenia, including definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, diagnosis and treatment. This consensus provides an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J X Wang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - F C Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Q Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C W Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L A Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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3
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Chen LA. [Immunotherapy--opening a new era of lung cancer therapy]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2020; 43:83-86. [PMID: 32062876 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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4
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Chen LA. [Early diagnosis and treatmet of lung cancer: the responsibility of respiratory physician]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2018; 41:753-754. [PMID: 30347545 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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5
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Ungaro R, Fausel R, Chang HL, Chang S, Chen LA, Nakad A, El Nawar A, Prytz Berset I, Axelrad J, Lawlor G, Atreja A, Roque Ramos L, Torres J, Colombel JF. Bariatric surgery is associated with increased risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease: case series and national database study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1126-1134. [PMID: 29512187 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Case series suggest a possible association between bariatric surgery and incident IBD. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between bariatric surgery and new-onset IBD. METHODS We first conducted a multi-institutional case series of patients with a history of IBD and bariatric surgery. We next conducted a matched case-control study using medical and pharmacy claims from 2008 to 2012 in a US national database from Source Healthcare Analytics LLC. Bariatric surgery was defined by ICD-9 or CPT code. Bariatric surgery was evaluated as recent (code in database timeframe), past (past history V code) or no history. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for new-onset IBD, CD and UC. RESULTS A total of 15 cases of IBD (10 CD, 4 UC, 1 IBD, type unclassified) with a prior history of bariatric surgery were identified. Most cases were women, had Roux-en-Y surgery years prior to diagnosis and few IBD-related complications. A total of 8980 cases and 43 059 controls were included in our database analysis. Adjusting for confounders, a past history of bariatric surgery was associated with an increased risk of new-onset IBD (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.34-2.79). However, patients who had recent bariatric surgery did not appear to be at shorter term risk of IBD (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.58-1.52). CONCLUSION New-onset IBD was significantly associated with a past history of bariatric surgery. This potential association needs to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ungaro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Fausel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Oregon Clinic, Portland, OR, USA
| | - H L Chang
- Department of Population Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Chang
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - L A Chen
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Nakad
- CHwapi Notre Dame, Tournai, Belgium
| | | | | | - J Axelrad
- Columbia University Medical Center/NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Lawlor
- Columbia University Medical Center/NY-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Atreja
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - J-F Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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6
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Li Y, Chen LA. [Precise therapy for lung cancer patients with rare sensitive mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2017; 39:881-884. [PMID: 29262502 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Precise medicine is an emerging clinical therapeutic concept based on genomic and genetic information of patients. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is an important component of precise therapy for lung cancer patients. EGFR mutations occur mainly in exon 18 to 21, in which exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R point mutation that are known as sensitive mutations account for nearly 45% and 40%, respectively. Except for the above two mutations and T790M point mutation, the rest are rare mutations, including Ins19, Ins20, E709, G719, S768, L861 and some compound mutations. Some previous retrospective studies of small sample size and case reports showed that most of EGFR exon19 (Ins), exon 21 (L861), exon 18 (G719X) and exon20 (S768I) mutations were sensitive to TKIs. And although the exon 20 insertion mutation is usually predicted to the first and second generations of EGFR-TKIs resistance, some specific types are sensitive to the third generation of EGFR-TKIs. Currently, targeted drugs for Ins20 -Ap32788 mutation has entered into clinical trials. Patients with complex mutations have similar efficacy on EGFR-TKIs in comparison with those with single sensitivity mutations. In conclusion, when patients with rare sensitive mutations received EGFR-TKIs therapy, the efficacy and progression-free survival time is similar to or slightly lower than those with classical sensitive mutations, whereas it is higher than those with wild-type EGFR. Compared with the first generation of EGFR-TKIs, second generation EGFR-TKIs may be more suitable for the treatment of lung cancer patients harboring rare sensitive EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China (Currently address: Department of Respiratory Diseases, 309 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100091, China)
| | - L A Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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7
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Hu Y, Li CS, Li YQ, Liang Y, Cao L, Chen LA. Perfluorocarbon inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory protein-2 expression and activation of ATF-2 and c-Jun in A549 pulmonary epithelial cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:18-24. [PMID: 27188729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathway that mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of perfluorocarbon (PFC) in alveolar epithelial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains unclear. To evaluate the role of macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), four A549 treatment groups were utilized: (1) untreated control, (2) 10 μg/mL of LPS, (3) 10 μg/mL of LPS+30% PFC and (4) 30% PFC. MIP-2 mRNA expression was determined by qPCR and ELISA. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was determined by Western blot analysis, and MIP-2 expression was determined by qPCR following treatment with MAPK inhibitors. PFC suppressed LPS-induced MIP-2 mRNA levels (P≤0.035) and MIP-2 secretion (P≤0.046). LPS induced ATF-2 and c-Jun phosphorylation, which was suppressed by PFC. Finally, inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and p38 suppressed LPS-induced MIP-2 mRNA expression. Thus, PFC inhibits LPS-induced MIP-2 expression and ATF-2 and c-Jun phosphorylation. To fully explore the therapeutic potential of PFC for acute lung injury (ALI), in vivo analyses are required to confirm these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
| | - C S Li
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
| | - Y Q Li
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
| | - Y Liang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
| | - L Cao
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
| | - L A Chen
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Department of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing China
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8
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Hourigan SK, Chen LA, Grigoryan Z, Laroche G, Weidner M, Sears CL, Oliva-Hemker M. Microbiome changes associated with sustained eradication of Clostridium difficile after single faecal microbiota transplantation in children with and without inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015. [PMID: 26198180 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little data are available regarding the effectiveness and associated microbiome changes of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in children, especially in those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with presumed underlying dysbiosis. AIM To investigate C. difficile eradication and microbiome changes with FMT in children with and without IBD. METHODS Children with a history of recurrent CDI (≥3 recurrences) underwent FMT via colonoscopy. Stool samples were collected pre-FMT and post-FMT at 2-10 weeks, 10-20 weeks and 6 months. The v4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. C. difficile toxin B gene polymerase chain reaction was performed. RESULTS Eight children underwent FMT for CDI; five had IBD. All had resolution of CDI symptoms. All tested had eradication of C. difficile at 10-20 weeks and 6 months post-FMT. Pre-FMT patient samples had significantly decreased bacterial richness compared with donors (P = 0.01), in those with IBD (P = 0.02) and without IBD (P = 0.01). Post-FMT, bacterial diversity in patients increased. Six months post-FMT, there was no significant difference between bacterial diversity of donors and patients without IBD; however, bacterial diversity in those with IBD returned to pre-FMT baseline. Microbiome composition at 6 months in IBD-negative patients more closely approximated donor composition compared to IBD-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS FMT gives sustained C. difficile eradication in children with and without IBD. FMT-restored diversity is sustained in children without IBD. In those with IBD, bacterial diversity returns to pre-FMT baseline by 6 months, suggesting IBD host-related mechanisms modify faecal microbiome diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Hourigan
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - L A Chen
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - G Laroche
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Weidner
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C L Sears
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chen LA, Van Meerbeke S, Albesiano E, Goodwin A, Wu S, Yu H, Carroll K, Sears C. Fecal detection of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1871-7. [PMID: 26173688 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis is a common colonic symbiote of which one subtype, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), causes inflammatory diarrhea. However, asymptomatic ETBF colonization is common. Through its primary virulence factor, B. fragilis toxin (BFT), ETBF causes asymptomatic, chronic colitis in C57BL/6 mice and increased colon tumorigenesis in multiple intestinal neoplasia mice. Human studies suggest an association between ETBF infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer. Additional studies on ETBF epidemiology are, therefore, crucial. The goal of this study is to develop a reliable fecal diagnostic for ETBF. To develop a sensitive assay for ETBF, we tested multiple protocols on mouse stools spiked with serially diluted ETBF. Each assay was based on either touchdown or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and used primers targeted to bft to detect ETBF. Using touchdown PCR or qPCR, the mean ETBF detection limit was 1.55 × 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU)/g stool and 1.33 × 10(4) CFU/g stool, respectively. Augmentation of Bacteroides spp. growth in fecal samples using PYGB (Peptone Yeast Glucose with Bile) broth enhanced ETBF detection to 2.93 × 10(2) CFU/g stool using the touchdown PCR method and 2.63 × 10(2) CFU/g stool using the qPCR method. Fecal testing using combined culture-based amplification and bft touchdown PCR is a sensitive assay for the detection of ETBF colonization and should be useful in studying the role of ETBF colonization in intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. We conclude that touchdown PCR with culture-based amplification may be the optimal ETBF detection strategy, as it performs as well as qPCR with culture-based amplification, but is a less expensive technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Chen
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, CRB2 Bldg, Suite 1M.05, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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Jackson LN, Chen LA, Larson SD, Silva SR, Rychahou PG, Boor PJ, Li J, Defreitas G, Stafford WL, Townsend CM, Evers BM. Development and characterization of a novel in vivo model of carcinoid syndrome. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:2747-55. [PMID: 19336516 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Carcinoid syndrome, characterized by flushing, diarrhea, and valvular heart disease, can occur following carcinoid tumor metastasis to the liver and systemic release of bioactive hormones into the systemic circulation. Treatment of this devastating disease is hampered by the lack of an in vivo model that recapitulates the clinical syndrome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we have injected BON cells, a novel human carcinoid cell line established in our laboratory, into the spleens of athymic nude mice to establish liver metastases. RESULTS The majority of mice injected intrasplenically with BON cells developed significant increases in plasma serotonin and urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and several mice exhibited mesenteric fibrosis, diarrhea, and fibrotic cardiac valvular disease reminiscent of carcinoid syndrome by both echocardiographic and histopathologic evaluation. Mice pretreated with octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analogue, or bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, developed fewer liver metastases and manifestations of carcinoid syndrome, including valvular heart disease. CONCLUSION We have provided an important in vivo model to further delineate novel treatment modalities for carcinoid syndrome that will also be useful to elucidate the factors contributing to the sequelae of carcinoid disease (e.g., mesenteric fibrosis and valvular heart disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Jackson
- Department of Surgery and Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0536, USA
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Chen LA, Li J, Silva SR, Jackson LN, Zhou Y, Watanabe H, Ives KL, Hellmich MR, Evers BM. PKD3 is the predominant protein kinase D isoform in mouse exocrine pancreas and promotes hormone-induced amylase secretion. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:2459-71. [PMID: 19028687 PMCID: PMC2629096 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801697200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine kinases, which can be activated by gastrointestinal hormones, consists of three distinct isoforms that modulate a variety of cellular processes including intracellular protein transport as well as constitutive and regulated secretion. Although isoform-specific functions have been identified in a variety of cell lines, the expression and function of PKD isoforms in normal, differentiated secretory tissues is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that PKD isoforms are differentially expressed in the exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas. Specifically, PKD3 is the predominant isoform expressed in exocrine cells of the mouse and human pancreas, whereas PKD1 and PKD2 are more abundantly expressed in the pancreatic islets. Within isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells, PKD3 undergoes rapid membrane translocation, trans-activating phosphorylation, and kinase activation after gastrointestinal hormone or cholinergic stimulation. PKD phosphorylation in pancreatic acinar cells occurs viaaCa2+-independent, diacylglycerol- and protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. PKD phosphorylation can also be induced by physiologic concentrations of secretagogues and by in vivo stimulation of the pancreas. Furthermore, activation of PKD3 potentiates MEK/ERK/RSK (RSK, ribosomal S6 kinase) signaling and significantly enhances cholecystokinin-mediated pancreatic amylase secretion. These findings reveal a novel distinction between the exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas and further identify PKD3 as a signaling molecule that promotes hormone-stimulated amylase secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Andy Chen
- Department of Surgery and Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0536, USA
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12
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Jackson LN, Larson SD, Silva SR, Rychahou PG, Chen LA, Qiu S, Rajaraman S, Evers BM. PI3K/Akt activation is critical for early hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 294:G1401-10. [PMID: 18388186 PMCID: PMC2427188 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00062.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic resection is associated with rapid proliferation and regeneration of the remnant liver. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), composed of a p85alpha regulatory and a p110alpha catalytic subunit, participates in multiple cellular processes, including cell growth and survival; however, the role of PI3K in liver regeneration has not been clearly delineated. In this study, we used the potent PI3K inhibitor wortmannin and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the p85alpha and p110alpha subunits to determine whether total or selective PI3K inhibition would abrogate the proliferative response of the liver after partial hepatectomy in mice. Hepatic resection is associated with an induction in PI3K activity; total PI3K blockade with wortmannin and selective inhibition of p85alpha or p110alpha with siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in hepatocyte proliferation, especially at the earliest time points. Fewer macrophages and Kupffer cells were present in the regenerating liver of mice treated with wortmannin or siRNA to p85alpha or p110alpha, as reflected by a paucity of F4/80-positive cells. Additionally, PI3K inhibition led to an aberrant architecture in the regenerating hepatocytes characterized by vacuolization, lipid deposition, and glycogen accumulation; these changes were not noted in the sham livers. Our data demonstrate that PI3K/Akt pathway activation plays a critical role in the early regenerative response of the liver after resection; inhibition of this pathway markedly abrogates the normal hepatic regenerative response, most likely by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and cytokine elaboration and thus hepatocyte priming for replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N. Jackson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Shawn D. Larson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Piotr G. Rychahou
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - L. Andy Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Suimin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Srinivasan Rajaraman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - B. Mark Evers
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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13
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Rychahou PG, Kang J, Gulhati P, Chen LA, Chung DH, Evers BM. 141. Akt2 Is a Critical Regulator of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Establishment. J Surg Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2007.12.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Li J, Chen LA, Townsend CM, Evers BM. PKD1, PKD2, and their substrate Kidins220 regulate neurotensin secretion in the BON human endocrine cell line. J Biol Chem 2007; 283:2614-21. [PMID: 18048355 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707513200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT) is a gut peptide that plays an important role in gastrointestinal secretion, motility, and growth as well as the proliferation of NT receptor-positive cancers. Protein kinase D (PKD) family members (PKD1, 2, and 3) have been identified as important regulators of secretory transport at the trans-Golgi network. Previously, we showed that PKD1 contributes to stimulated NT secretion; however, the mechanisms are not entirely clear. Here, we show that Kidins220, which is a substrate of PKD proteins in neuroendocrine cells, is localized in the ends of the processes of BON cells, similar to the expression pattern of NT vesicles, and translocates to the membrane and large vesicle-like structures formed in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment. The short hairpin RNA targeting Kidins220 inhibits NT secretion in parental BON cells or BON cells stably expressing the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor treated with either phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or bombesin, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrate that endogenous PKD1, PKD2, and Kidins220 co-exist with NT-containing vesicles. Overexpression of the kinase-dead PKD1 abrogates Kidins220 expression and NT vesicle formation. Our data establish a physiological link between the PKD/Kidins220 pathway and NT-containing vesicles and suggest the role of this pathway in the regulation of hormone secretion. Because NT is an important gut hormone that affects secretion, inflammation, and both normal and tumor cell growth, our findings identify a novel signaling pathway that may be amenable to drug targeting for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Surgery and Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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15
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Larson SD, Jackson LN, Chen LA, Rychahou PG, Evers BM. Effectiveness of siRNA uptake in target tissues by various delivery methods. Surgery 2007; 142:262-9. [PMID: 17689694 PMCID: PMC2427156 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference offers clinical potential as a therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases; the efficacy of in vivo delivery remains poorly understood. The purpose of our study was to compare and contrast short interfering RNA (siRNA) uptake in vivo using various delivery techniques. METHODS DY547- and rhodamine-labeled siRNA was administered to mice by one of four delivery methods: (1) hydrodynamic intravenous tail vein injection, (2) standard intravenous tail vein injection, (3) intraperitoneal injection, and (4) rectal administration. Mice were killed over a time course; representative tissue samples were collected and analyzed using fluorescent microscopy to determine siRNA uptake. RESULTS siRNA uptake was noted in the liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and bone marrow by both hydrodynamic and standard IV injection. siRNA uptake was detected in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow after intraperitoneal administration. Rectal administration resulted in siRNA uptake in the spleen, bone marrow, and colon. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate differential siRNA uptake depending on delivery technique. Importantly, our results demonstrate the potential of siRNA as a systemic therapeutic option in vivo for selected disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn D. Larson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Lindsey N. Jackson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - L. Andy Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Piotr G. Rychahou
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - B. Mark Evers
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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16
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Jackson LN, Li J, Chen LA, Townsend CM, Evers BM. Overexpression of wild-type PKD2 leads to increased proliferation and invasion of BON endocrine cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:945-9. [PMID: 16899224 PMCID: PMC2430871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine tumors with a predilection for the gastrointestinal tract. Protein kinase D (PKD), a novel serine/threonine protein kinase, has been implicated in the regulation of transport processes in certain cell types. We have reported an important role for PKD in stimulated peptide secretion from a human (BON) carcinoid cell line; however, the role of PKD isoforms, including PKD2, in the proliferation and invasion of carcinoid tumors remains unclear. In the present study, we found that overexpression of PKD2 by stable transfection of BON cells with PKD2-wild type (PKD2WT) significantly increased proliferation and invasion compared to cells transfected with PKD2-kinase dead (PKD2KD) or pcDNA3 (control). Similarly, inhibition of PKD2 activity with small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly decreased proliferation and invasion compared to cells transfected with non-targeting control (NTC) siRNA. These data support an important role for PKD2 in carcinoid tumor progression. Targeted inhibition of the PKD family may prove to be a novel treatment option for patients with carcinoid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N. Jackson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - L. Andy Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | | | - B. Mark Evers
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
- Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Abstract
Sixty-four mothers of children ranging in age from 6 to 58 months were asked to determine, for pairings of play and language items, which item was more advanced developmentally. This procedure was repeated within 2 weeks. In general, mothers' orderings of play and language items matched those established in the developmental literature and were stable over the short term. Mothers' knowledge about language development was stronger than and unrelated to their knowledge about play, suggesting that maternal knowledge about developmental domains is differentiated and specific. Finally, mothers' judgments about the developmental milestones depended on their children's current developmental stage: Mothers were less accurate at estimating the timing of milestones that their children had mastered many months earlier, supporting the view that mothers' knowledge is informed by their children's recent rather than past achievements in specific areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Tamis-LeMonda
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York 10003, USA.
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Gong QY, Chen LA, Li JZ, Xu WH, Yang ZC. Effects of endothelin-1 on isolated uterine horns in estrogen-primed and pregnant mice. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1994; 15:129-32. [PMID: 8010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mouse uterine horns from 4 states (estrogen-primed and early-, mid-, and late-pregnancy) were used to study the effect of endothelin-1 (ET) vs carboprost (Car) and oxytocin (Oxy). In K(+)-Krebs (KCl 40 mmol.L-1) solution, ET (1-300 nmol.L-1), Car (0.002-20 mumol.L-1), and Oxy (0.6-60 nmol.L-1) evoked concentration-dependent increases in tension of the uterine horns from 4 different states. Emax for ET were 1.12 +/- 0.26, 1.27 +/- 0.18, and 1.49 +/- 0.13 g in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancies, respectively. Emax for Car in mid- was twice that in late-pregnancy, whereas Emax for Oxy in late- was thrice that in mid-pregnancy. EC50 for ET were 9.6, 5.8, and 6.3 nmol.L-1 in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancies, respectively, and were only 2% to 7% of that for Car and 3-15 times of that for Oxy in various gravid stages. The results suggest that the contractile activity of pregnant mouse uterus to ET is more potent than that of Car while slightly weaker than that of Oxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical University, China
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Liu YN, Chen LA. [Complications of mechanical ventilation. A clinical analysis of 82 cases]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1991; 30:692-4, 730. [PMID: 1815873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The complications of mechanical ventilation were analysed retrogradely in 82 cases with respiratory failure treated in ICU in recent 5 years. There were 48 males and 34 females ranging from 28 to 82 years of age (mean age: 57.1 +/- 16.8). In 82 cases, 6 cases had complications of barotrauma, 39 cases, of infections, 15 cases, of hypotension, 24 cases, of arrhythmia, 14 cases, of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 10 cases, of multiple organ failure. The total incidence of complication was 76.8%. Exactly within three days of mechanical ventilation, the incidence of complication was 31.3%, while beyond three days, it was 87.9%. It was indicated that the mortality increased significantly in the cases with severe complications such as, multiple organ failure. The causes of all kinds of complications and their prevention as well as treatments were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing
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Chen LA, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Hittinger L, Homcy CJ. Decreased Gs alpha mRNA levels accompany the fall in Gs and adenylyl cyclase activities in compensated left ventricular hypertrophy. In heart failure, only the impairment in adenylyl cyclase activation progresses. J Clin Invest 1991; 87:293-8. [PMID: 1824633 PMCID: PMC295048 DOI: 10.1172/jci114985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that there is a global reduction in adenylyl cyclase associated with a decrement in Gs functional activity in cardiac sarcolemma from animals with pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and heart failure. This study was performed to determine whether hypertrophy alone in the absence of heart failure is sufficient to promote these changes and whether the superimposition of heart failure intensified these changes. Basal and stimulated adenylyl cyclase and Gs activity, as determined in the S49 cyc- reconstitution assay, were measured in sarcolemma from normal (NL), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure (HF) animals. Simultaneously, we measured the mRNA level encoding for the Gs alpha subunit. These studies indicate that Gs activity and Gs alpha mRNA are decreased by approximately 30% both in the failing heart and even in the heart with compensated hypertrophy before heart failure develops (Gs activity, pmol cyclic AMP/10 min per microgram, NL 4.2 +/- 0.4, LVH 3.0 +/- 0.2, HF 3.2 +/- 0.3; Gs alpha mRNA, pg/10 micrograms RNA, NL 131 +/- 9.0, LVH 104 +/- 7.4, HF 97.4 +/- 9.1; P less than 0.05 as compared with NL for LVH and HF). Accompanying this decrement in Gs activity is a fall in adenylyl cyclase, both basal and stimulated. However, we also identified a further decrease in adenylyl cyclase without any additional change in Gs or in its alpha subunit mRNA level. This is seen only in the sarcolemma from animals with heart failure as compared with those with compensated LV hypertrophy (e.g., NaF-stimulated activity, pmol cyclic AMP/min per mg, NL 420.2 +/- 17.5, LVH 347.1 +/- 29.6, HF 244.2 +/- 27.3; P less than 0.05 compared with NL for LVH and HF, P less than 0.05 compared with LVH for HF). In summary, these studies indicate that both Gs and adenylyl cyclase activities fall in parallel with the development of LV hypertrophy followed by a further decrement in adenylyl cyclase, independent of Gs, in the setting of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Chen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital 02114
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21
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Liu YN, Chen LA, Zhang ZY, Li QS. Parrot breeder's lung: first case report in China. Chin Med J (Engl) 1989; 102:947-50. [PMID: 2517742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors report the first case of parrot breeder's lung in China and the study of its immunology, respiratory physiology, as well as pathology. The main characteristics of this disease are progressive dyspnea after contacting parrots, patchy or reticular shadows in the lower lung fields on chest X-ray, the presence of alveolitis, accompanied by pulmonary interstitial fibrosis as demonstrated in lung biopsy, restrictive or mixed ventilation disorders with reduction of diffusing capacity and lung compliance. The results of specific ring precipitation test and counter immunoelectrophoresis were helpful in diagnosis. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is also discussed.
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Li JH, Zhao HZ, Chen LA. [Nd-YAG laser treatment of tracheobronchial lesions]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1989; 28:418-20, 444-5. [PMID: 2591262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
From January 1987 to May 1988, 32 cases with tracheobronchial lesions were treated with Nd-YAG laser. Complete restoration of the airway was achieved in one case of leiomyoma, adenoma, carcinoid and mucous epithelioma each, 2 cases of polyp and 7 cases of granuloma. Significant restoration was seen in one case of granuloma, 2 cases of hematoma and papilloma, each, 3 cases of amyloidosis and partial restoration in one case of granuloma. The remaining 10 cases with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with severe airway obstruction were treated by Nd-YAG laser for palliative purpose only. Four of them revealed significant remission and 6 responded with partial remission. No severe complication was observed during or after the procedures. Nd-YAG laser treatment provides a new curative method avoiding resection of the lung in benign lesions and a palliative therapy for unresectable obstructive malignant tumors.
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23
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Shu HD, Zhang LH, Gu JW, Chen LA. [Inhibitory action of ribostamycin sulfate on neuromuscular transmission]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1986; 7:26-30. [PMID: 3020871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Dale RE, Chen LA, Brand L. Rotational relaxation of the "microviscosity" probe diphenylhexatriene in paraffin oil and egg lecithin vesicles. J Biol Chem 1977; 252:7500-10. [PMID: 914824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rotational relaxation of the widely used "microviscosity" probe, 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, was examined by the technique of nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence depolarization. The decays of the emission anisotropy were determined at five temperatures in the range 3-31 degrees both in a reference paraffin oil and in sonicated egg lecithin vesicles. These decays were complex in both media. Marked qualitative as well as quantitative differences were observed in the rotational behavior of the probe in the complex bilayer medium as opposed to the homogeneous reference solvent. The results are discussed in relation to the structure of the hydrophobic bilayer membrane interior and the concept of its "microviscosity".
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Chen LA, Dale RE, Roth S, Brand L. Nanosecond time-dependent fluorescence depolarization of diphenylhexatriene in dimyristoyllecithin vesicles and the determination of "microviscosity". J Biol Chem 1977; 252:2163-9. [PMID: 849925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nanosecond time dependence of the fluorescence depolarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in L-alpha-dimyristoyllecithin vesicles was determined at temperatures above and below the midpoint of the gel-liquid crystalline transition. In neither case could the decay of the total fluorescent emission or the decay of the emission anisotropy be described adequately in terms of single exponential decay laws. At the lower temperature, the emission anisotropy did not approach zero in the time window available for measurement, a finding which may indicate that the range over which rotation of the probe can freely occur is restricted. The results are discussed in relation to the concept of microviscosity of bilayer membranes.
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Chen LA, Dale RE, Roth S, Brand L. Nanosecond time-dependent fluorescence depolarization of diphenylhexatriene in dimyristoyllecithin vesicles and the determination of "microviscosity". J Biol Chem 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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