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Ek M, Hansen LP, Chen FR, van Dyck D, Kisielowski C, Specht P, Damsgaard CD, Jinschek JR, Helveg S. Probing Catalyst Surfaces at the Atomic-scale. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:1291. [PMID: 37613447 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ek
- Topsoe A/S, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis & NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - F R Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowlook, Hong Kong
| | - D van Dyck
- Departments of Physics, EMAT, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - C Kisielowski
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, United States
| | - P Specht
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA, United States
| | - C D Damsgaard
- National Center for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Visualizing Catalytic Processes (VISION), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J R Jinschek
- National Center for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Visualizing Catalytic Processes (VISION), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S Helveg
- Center for Visualizing Catalytic Processes (VISION), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Abstract
Policymaking during a pandemic can be extremely challenging. As COVID-19 is a new disease and its global impacts are unprecedented, decisions are taken in a highly uncertain, complex, and rapidly changing environment. In such a context, in which human lives and the economy are at stake, we argue that using ideas and constructs from modern decision theory, even informally, will make policymaking a more responsible and transparent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Berger
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IÉSEG School of Management, University of Lille, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9221-Lille Economics Management, 59000 Lille, France;
- Resources for the Future-Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (RFF-CMCC) European Institute on Economics and the Environment, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolas Berger
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano (Belgian Scientific Institute of Public Health), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentina Bosetti
- Resources for the Future-Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (RFF-CMCC) European Institute on Economics and the Environment, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, 20123 Milan, Italy
- Department of Economics, Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy
- Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research, Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy
| | - Itzhak Gilboa
- Economics and Decision Sciences Department, École des Hautes Études Commerciales de Paris, 78351 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Eitan Berglas School of Economics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Lars Peter Hansen
- Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Christopher Jarvis
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Marinacci
- Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research, Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy
- Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy
| | - Richard D Smith
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic that we are experiencing is both tragic and shocking. There is no question that, except in some Asian countries trained by prior infectious outbreaks, most policy makers around the world have been ill-prepared to respond to the crisis. The effects of the coronavirus on our mental and physical health has been indeed calamitous, and the economic and financial impacts for many have been truly unfortunate. Furthermore, the extreme nature of the event is challenging researchers to compile and interpret new evidence that is arriving at a rapid pace. The editors Hui Chen, Thierry Foucault, Jeffrey Pontiff, and Nikolai Roussanov and contributing authors are to be commended for assembling and collating a thought-provoking collection of papers. More time and study will be needed to fully sift through the evidence and to glean the lessons to be learned from this pandemic for policy makers and investors. But the evidence and insights in this volume are a very good start.
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Abstract
Recursive utility models that feature investor concerns about the intertemporal composition of risk are used extensively in applied research in macroeconomics and asset pricing. These models represent preferences as the solution to a nonlinear forward-looking difference equation with a terminal condition. In this paper we study infinite-horizon specifications of this difference equation in the context of a Markov environment. We establish a connection between the solution to this equation and to an arguably simpler Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue equation of the type that occurs in the study of large deviations for Markov processes. By exploiting this connection, we establish existence and uniqueness results. Moreover, we explore a substantive link between large deviation bounds for tail events for stochastic consumption growth and preferences induced by recursive utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Peter Hansen
- Departments of Economics and Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, 02138; and
| | - José A. Scheinkman
- National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, 02138; and
- Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540
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Hansen D, Brock-Jacobsen B, Lund E, Bjørn C, Hansen LP, Nielsen C, Fenger C, Lillevang ST, Husby S. [Prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D)]. Ugeskr Laeger 2007; 169:2029-32. [PMID: 17553386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This screening study was performed to determine the prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to estimate the clinical effects of a gluten-free diet. In the region of Southern Denmark all patients under 16 years of age with T1D were identified and 269 (89%) were included. CD was diagnosed in 33 (12.3%). Patients with CD had a lower height SDS and weight SDS and were younger at diabetes onset. After 2 years on a gluten-free diet there were significant improvements in clinical and biochemical parameters. We recommend screening of CD in all children with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte Hansen
- Odense Universitetshospital, Paediatrisk Afdeling.
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Hansen LP, Heaton J, Lee J, Roussanov N. Chapter 61 Intertemporal Substitution and Risk Aversion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1573-4412(07)06061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Bakke TA, Harris PD, Hansen H, Cable J, Hansen LP. Susceptibility of Baltic and East Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stocks to Gyrodactylus salaris (Monogenea). Dis Aquat Organ 2004; 58:171-177. [PMID: 15109139 DOI: 10.3354/dao058171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of a Baltic salmon stock Salmo salar (Indalsälv, central Sweden) to Norwegian Gyrodactylus salaris (Figga strain, central Norway) was experimentally tested and compared with previously obtained results on East Atlantic salmon (Lierelva, SE Norway). Contrary to expectation, the Baltic salmon, which had no prior exposure to this parasite strain, appeared almost as susceptible as the Norwegian salmon parr that naturally experience G. salaris-induced mortality. Individually isolated salmon of both stocks sustained G. salaris infections with little evidence of innate resistance. A few individuals of the Indalsälv stock controlled their infection from the beginning, but overall there was considerable heterogeneity in the course of infection in both stocks. On individual hosts, G. salaris growth rates declined steadily throughout the infection, a trend which was particularly marked amongst the Lierelva stock. On shoaling Lierelva fish, there was some evidence of reduced parasite population growth towards the end of the infection; this was not apparent in Indalsälv fishes. These results reflect a growing awareness that not all Baltic salmon may be resistant to Norwegian G. salaris, and that Norwegian and Baltic G. salaris strains may differ in virulence. Consequently, management decisions concerning this parasite-host system should be based upon the actual, and tested, susceptibility of stocks under consideration and not upon identification of stocks as either Atlantic or Baltic.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Bakke
- Zoological Museum, The Natural History Museums and Botanical Garden, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
Development of an in vitro culture system for infectious Dictyocaulus viviparus larvae made it possible to study the potential cross-transmission of D. viviparus between white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and cattle (Bos taurus). Between 26 September 1995-29 February 1996, six parasite-free bull calves were individually inoculated with 15 to 50 infective third stage larvae (L3)/kg of body weight cultured from adult D. viviparus collected from white-tailed deer. Three bull calves were simultaneously inoculated with 45 L3/kg of body weight recovered from cattle either by the Baermann technique or by in vitro culture as above. All three calves inoculated with the homologous cattle strain became patently infected while all six calves inoculated with the heterologous deer strain remained negative for the presence of D. viviparus in the feces and in the lungs upon necropsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Bates
- Winona State University, Minnesota 55987, USA.
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Abstract
As part of a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) survival study in Missouri (USA) we were actively monitoring 97 radio-collared deer when 8 (8%) died. This mortality, which occurred from 20 August to 23 September 1996, consisted of five adult females, two yearling females and one yearling male. Based on the seasonality of this mortality and the isolation of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype 2 from one of these animals, we believe that these losses resulted from an epizootic of hemorrhagic disease. The remains of five unmarked deer that may have died from HD also were found on the study area during this same period. During the fall following this mortality, we tested serum from 96 deer taken by hunters in the immediate area. Fifteen (16%) were positive for EHDV or bluetongue virus (BTV) antibodies as determined by agar gel immunodiffusion tests. Serum neutralization test results indicated that previous infections were caused by EHDV virus serotype 2. Based on these data, and assuming that there was no prior exposure to EHDV serotype 2 in this population, the exposure rate for this epizootic was 24% of which 8% died. We noted hoof interruptions in only two of the 96 deer sampled. During this mortality event, the Missouri Department of Conservation received no reports of dead deer, and without the radio-monitored animals the event would have been undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Beringer
- Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia 65201, USA.
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Stuer-Lauridsen F, Birkved M, Hansen LP, Lützhøft HC, Halling-Sørensen B. Environmental risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in Denmark after normal therapeutic use. Chemosphere 2000; 40:783-793. [PMID: 10705557 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An environmental risk assessment is presented for the 25 most used pharmaceuticals in the primary health sector in Denmark. Predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) for the aquatic environment were calculated using conservative assumptions and all PECs exceeded 1 ng/l. Measured concentrations were in general within a factor of 2-5 of PECs and ranged from approximately 0.5 ng/l to 3 micrograms/l for nine of the pharmaceuticals reported in literature. The calculation of predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) based on aquatic ecotoxicity data was possible for six of the pharmaceuticals. PEC/PNEC ratio exceeded one for ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid, and paracetamol. For estrogens the PEC/PNEC ratio approached one when non-standard test was used. The ratio was below one for estrogens (standard test), diazepam and digoxin. For the terrestrial compartment, toxicity data were not available, and no assessment was carried out. Comparisons of predicted concentrations of furosemide, ibuprofen, oxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin in sludge based on either preliminary experimental sludge-water partition coefficients (Kd), octanol-water coefficients (Kow) or acid-base constants (pKa) revealed large variations.
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Jensen SS, Hansen LP. [Acute water intoxication caused by intranasal desmopression--Minirin]. Ugeskr Laeger 1997; 159:306-7. [PMID: 9054075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Desmopressin is used for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis. Side effects reported with intranasal desmopressin are transient headache, nausea, abdominal cramps and water intoxication with hyponatremia and grand mal seizure. We report a case of water intoxication with low serum sodium and grand mal seizure in a healthy child treated for enuresis with desmopressin. The child experienced abdominal cramps and nausea prior to the convulsions. A computerised tomography scan of the brain gave the suspicion of increased intracranial pressure ICP. The child recovered fully. We therefore recommend that parents and child are fully informed about the administration and the risk of desmopressin. If a child on desmopressin treatment experiences abdominal cramps, nausea or headache the drug should be discontinued and a physician contacted for control of serum sodium. Temporary withdrawal of desmopressin should also be considered in cases of acute illness influencing water balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Jensen
- Sønderborg Sygehus, anaestesiologisk afdeling
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Abstract
Two echo-Doppler cardiographic investigations were performed 7 years apart in 17 insulin-dependent diabetic children without hypertension or nephropathy in order to detect early signs of cardiac abnormalities in this group without ischaemic heart disease. Relative to two matched control groups, the patients had reduced increase in left ventricular size (p < 0.01) and stroke volume (p < 0.05). An initially reduced end systolic wall stress and increased fractional shortening (p < 0.003) was normalized during the 7 years. Concomitant with early signs of autonomic neuropathy and aortic stiffening, left ventricular filling changed with increased velocity during atrial contraction (p < 0.01) correlating to the decreased stroke volumes (r = -0.57, p = 0.016). These early changes could suggest left ventricular restriction but could also reflect a changed sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in diabetic children. A reduced left ventricular cavity size and increased atrial ejection has thus been described in these insulin-dependent children without hypertension, nephropathy or evidence for ischaemic heart disease, suggesting the existence of a metabolically-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Gøtzsche
- University Department of Cardiology, Aarhus Amtssygehus, Denmark
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Gøtzsche O, Darwish A, Hansen LP, Gøtzsche L. Abnormal left ventricular diastolic function during cold pressor test in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Clin Sci (Lond) 1995; 89:461-5. [PMID: 8549059 DOI: 10.1042/cs0890461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
1. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for congestive heart failure and an early diastolic dysfunction has been described. In order to see if diabetes itself and not complications like hypertension, nephropathy or ischaemic heart disease can be considered responsible for the abnormal diastolic function of the left ventricle, 17 young patients with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 12 control subjects were exposed to a cold pressor test. 2. Blinded echo-Doppler examination was performed before and during the test. During basal conditions, left ventricular dimensions and volumes were smaller in diabetes and atrial contributions to left ventricular filling were increased. 3. During the cold pressor test, isovolumic relaxation time increased, peak early filling velocity (E) decreased, E deceleration time decreased and atrial contribution (A) increased significantly in diabetes, while only A increased in the control group. A marked increase in left atrial ejection force was seen in diabetes only (P < 0.002). This difference was seen in spite of comparable reductions in mitral area and atrioventricular compliance in the two groups. 4. The hyperfunction of the left atrium in diabetes is hypothesized to be due to reduce size of the left ventricle combined with incipient autonomic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Gøtzsche
- University Department of Cardiology, Arhus Amtsslygehus, Denmark
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Fischer JR, Hansen LP, Turk JR, Miller MA, Fales WH, Gosser HS. An epizootic of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Missouri: necropsy findings and population impact. J Wildl Dis 1995; 31:30-6. [PMID: 7563421 DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-31.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An epizootic occurred among white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from July through October 1988 in Missouri (USA). From late July through September, nine necropsied deer had lesions of the peracute or acute forms of hemorrhagic disease (HD) or no apparent lesions, whereas two deer necropsied in October had lesions of the chronic form of HD. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus was isolated from two necropsied deer. Based on changes in population indices, there is evidence that deer populations declined in seven of Missouri's 57 deer management units from 1987 to 1990. Based on a deterministic model designed to simulate deer populations in management units, it appeared that summer and fall 1988 mortality ranging from 6% to 16% accounted for the population decreases in deer management units with population declines. Heavily hunted areas where high deer mortality was not reported in the summer and fall of 1988 did not have population declines. Based on these results, we believe that HD mortality was high and resulted in deer population declines in parts of Missouri when combined with hunting harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Fischer
- University of Missouri Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Columbia 65205, USA
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McVey JH, Michaelides K, Hansen LP, Ferguson-Smith M, Tilghman S, Krumlauf R, Tuddenham EG. A G-->A substitution in an HNF I binding site in the human alpha-fetoprotein gene is associated with hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein (HPAFP). Hum Mol Genet 1993; 2:379-84. [PMID: 7684942 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.4.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A family displaying hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein (HPAFP) in adult life was detected in an antenatal screening programme for spina bifida. RFLP linkage analysis shows that the trait is linked with the albumin-AFP locus. The molecular mechanism responsible for the post-natal repression of the AFP gene is unknown. We wished to determine the molecular mechanism underlying HPAFP in this family. Sequence analysis of the 5'-flanking sequences of their gene revealed a GA substitution at position -119 associated with the trait. This substitution occurs in a potential HNF I binding site, and increases the similarity of the sequence to a consensus HNF I recognition site. In a competitive gel retardation assay the mutant sequence binds HNF I alpha more tightly than the wild type sequence. Furthermore, 5'-flanking sequences of the human AFP gene containing the G-->A substitution direct a higher level of CAT expression in transfected human hepatoma cells than the wild type sequences. We conclude that the G-->A substitution at position -119 of the AFP gene is the mutation causing HPAFP in this family. These results highlight the importance of this HNF I binding site in the developmental regulation of the AFP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H McVey
- Haemostasis Research Group, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, UK
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Abstract
The pattern of expression of homeodomain proteins often exceeds their apparent domain of activity. Tissue-specific proteins that modulate the in vivo activity of homeodomain proteins have been proposed to account for this functional restriction. The first identified example of such an accessory protein is DCoH, which confers transcriptional activity to the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 and provides a model of how other accessory factors might modulate the function of homeodomain proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Hansen
- Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, CA 94305
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Mendel DB, Khavari PA, Conley PB, Graves MK, Hansen LP, Admon A, Crabtree GR. Characterization of a cofactor that regulates dimerization of a mammalian homeodomain protein. Science 1991; 254:1762-7. [PMID: 1763325 DOI: 10.1126/science.1763325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dimerization among transcription factors has become a recurrent theme in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha) is a homeodomain-containing protein that functions as a dimer. A dimerization cofactor of HNF-1 alpha (DCoH) was identified that displayed a restricted tissue distribution and did not bind to DNA, but, rather, selectively stabilized HNF-1 alpha dimers. The formation of a stable tetrameric DCoH-HNF-1 alpha complex, which required the dimerization domain of HNF-1 alpha, did not change the DNA binding characteristics of HNF-1 alpha, but enhanced its transcriptional activity. However, DCoH did not confer transcriptional activation to the GAL4 DNA binding domain. These results indicate that DCoH regulates formation of transcriptionally active tetrameric complexes and may contribute to the developmental specificity of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Mendel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, CA 94305
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Abstract
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha) and HNF-1 beta are homeodomain-containing transcription factors which interact with the GTTAATNATTAAC motif essential to the function of more than 15 promoters selectively expressed in the liver. These homeoproteins can form homo- and heterodimers in solution and share identical DNA-binding domains but have different transcriptional activation properties. During retinoic acid (RA) induced differentiation of F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, which stimulates aspects of pre-implantation embryogenesis, both HNF-1 beta mRNA and immunoreactive DNA-binding activity are strongly induced approximately 24 h post RA-treatment. In contrast, HNF-1 alpha mRNA increases approximately 4-fold after 5 days, concomitant with elevation of HNF-1 alpha DNA-binding activity and expression of the HNF-1 target gene alpha-fetoprotein. These results indicate that HNF-1 alpha and -1 beta expression can be controlled by regulatory hierarchies downstream of primary RA-response genes, and suggest that independent regulatory mechanisms for these factors can confer distinct and interactive developmental functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Kuo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, eckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5425
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Mendel DB, Hansen LP, Graves MK, Conley PB, Crabtree GR. HNF-1 alpha and HNF-1 beta (vHNF-1) share dimerization and homeo domains, but not activation domains, and form heterodimers in vitro. Genes Dev 1991; 5:1042-56. [PMID: 2044952 DOI: 10.1101/gad.5.6.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
HNF-1 alpha (previously referred to as HNF-1, LPB1, and APF) is a vertebrate transcription factor that contains a divergent homeo domain and plays a prominent role in regulating genes that have the common characteristic of being expressed in hepatocytes and a complex group of endodermally and mesodermally derived tissues. HNF-1 alpha is unique among the vertebrate homeo domain-containing proteins in that it dimerizes in the absence of its DNA recognition sequence, suggesting the possibility that the function of HNF-1 alpha may be diversified by forming heterodimers with other related proteins. We report the initial characterization of HNF-1 beta, which is closely related to HNF-1 alpha and is able to form heterodimers with HNF-1 alpha in vitro. Although HNF-1 alpha, but not HNF-1 beta, is expressed in the liver, HNF-1 alpha and HNF-1 beta are coexpressed in the murine Hepa1A cell line and in the mammalian kidney where a subset of hepatocyte genes are expressed. In contrast, exclusive expression of HNF-1 beta is associated with repression of a subset of hepatocyte-specific genes in the dedifferentiated hepatocyte cell line C2, differentiated F9 cells, in somatic hybrids between hepatocytes and fibroblasts, and in the lung. The extent of heterodimerization may be regulated in a tissue-specific way because freely exchangeable heterodimers are formed in Jurkat T cells transfected with HNF-1 alpha and HNF-1 beta, whereas in liver cells stable homodimers are present. These studies define a pair of homeo domain proteins that have the potential to interact to produce an embryologically complex pattern of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Mendel
- Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University Medical School, California 94305
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Rasmussen L, Oster-Jörgensen E, Hansen LP, Qvist N, Pedersen SA. Gastric emptying in adults treated for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Acta Chir Scand 1989; 155:471-3. [PMID: 2596255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The gastric emptying rate was scintigraphically determined in 6 women and 26 men who had undergone medical or surgical treatment for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis a median of 29 years previously. Dyspeptic complaints were reported by four of the seven medically treated and nine of the 25 surgically treated group. No intergroup difference was demonstrated in the gastric emptying rate of liquid or solid food, and neither group differed significantly from the normal values. The gastric emptying rate, measured as in this study, thus was uninfluenced by treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rasmussen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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23
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Abstract
The epidemiology of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis (IHPS) was studied in a geographically well-delineated and demographically representative Danish region (The County of Funen), covering the period 1 January 1950 to 31 December 1984. Based upon 679 cases, the cumulative incidence from birth of IHPS was found to be virtually unchanged during the study period at a level of 4.8 per 1000 liveborn boys and 1.3 per 1000 liveborn girls. In an analysis of clinical and demographic variables, the development of IHPS was found to be associated with low parity status (regardless of maternal age). The preterm cases had a longer interval from birth to onset of symptoms, compared with those born at term. No statistically significant associations were found between IHPS and seasonal variations at onset of symptoms, ABO and Rhesus blood groups, and maternal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rasmussen
- Department of Pediatrics, Odense University, Denmark
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Hansen LP, Jacobsen BB, Kofoed PE, Larsen ML, Tougaard L, Johansen I. Serum fructosamine and HbA1c in diabetic children before and after attending a winter camp. Acta Paediatr Scand 1989; 78:451-2. [PMID: 2741687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L P Hansen
- Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Rasmussen L, Hansen LP, Qvist N, Pedersen SA. Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and subsequent ulcer dyspepsia. A follow-up study of medically and surgically treated patients. Acta Chir Scand 1988; 154:657-8. [PMID: 3232484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was treated in 324 cases in 1950-1966. At follow-up 19-35 years later, 296 of the patients could be traced, and 284 replied to a questionnaire concerning ulcer dyspepsia. Among the 80 patients who had been medically treated for pyloric stenosis, the prevalence of ulcer dyspepsia was 13.8%, and in the 204 surgically treated patients it was 9.3%. The difference was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Abstract
From 1950 to 1984, 679 patients were treated for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in the County of Funen, Denmark. Medical treatment was performed in 114 patients and pyloromyotomy in 565. A pyloric tumor was palpated in 80% and a barium meal examination was performed in 24% of the patients. A shift toward intravenous fluid and general anesthesia is seen during the study period. Complications occurred in 17% of medically treated patients and in 8% of surgically treated patients. Six deaths occurred among the medically treated and four among the surgically treated patients. During the study period, a shift toward centralization and surgical treatment took place.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Abstract
Intestinal malrotation without volvulus in infants and children is often difficult to diagnose because of less dramatic clinical features, e.g. failure to thrive and intermittent bile stained vomiting, compared to the patients with volvulus. A plain x-ray of the abdomen may show the characteristic "double bubble sign", otherwise a barium meal will give the diagnosis. A follow-up study of 18 patients of whom 14 had an operation showed that all but one were free of symptoms after a median observation period of 205 months (range 20-317). It is concluded that any patient presenting with a symptomatic intestinal malrotation should be offered an operation except for the type with a mobile caecum.
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Abstract
In infancy there are two types of rectal prolapse. One type is less pronounced and intermittent. This type occurred in 9 out of 17 children referred for rectal prolapse and ceased after a few weeks' conservative treatment. The other type is a more pronounced prolapse occurring at nearly each defecation and lasting several weeks or months. These patients may need an operation, especially when ulceration of the mucosa occurs. In our patients, a Lockhart-Mummery operation was used successfully in all but one patient. No complications were observed. Though less extensive treatment, such as submucosal injection of sclerosing agents, is recommended to be the first method of choice because pathoanatomically the prolapse in infancy is frequently a prolapse of the mucosa, in patients where this therapy does not succeed, a Lockhart-Mummery operation may be an alternative.
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Rasmussen L, Qvist N, Hansen LP. Duodenal malrotation demonstrated by endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 1986; 32:373-4. [PMID: 3770402 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5107(86)71902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hansen LP, Ulrich M, Larsen ML, Klitgaard NA, Jest P, Strate M, Hørder M. [Home monitoring of blood glucose in children with diabetes mellitus]. Ugeskr Laeger 1986; 148:944-7. [PMID: 3523899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Qvist N, Rasmussen L, Hansen LP, Pedersen SA. Development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in patients treated for oesophageal atresia. A case report. Acta Chir Scand 1986; 152:237-8. [PMID: 3716746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) developed in 74 patients treated for oesophageal atresia. Treatment of oesophageal atresia is frequently followed by vomiting and failure to thrive due to gastrooesophageal reflux or anastomotic stricture. The diagnose of IHPS must be considered in such patients under the age of 8 weeks as symptoms of IHPS are similar to those of gastrooesophageal reflux. The diagnose of IHPS is strongly supported by the presence of a non-carbonic alkalosis. Contrast studies including oesophagus, stomach and duodenum are to be made early in the course, as clinical signs of IHPS are often masked.
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Hansen LP, Brandrup F, Zori R. [Erythema toxicum neonatorum with pustulation versus transient neonatal pustular melanosis]. Hautarzt 1985; 36:475-7. [PMID: 4044258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A girl with widespread vesicular pustular lesions present at birth is reported. The differential diagnosis is discussed, with an extreme eruption of erythema toxicum neonatorum and the newly described entity transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM) under consideration. This benign, self-limited, pustular eruption, with lesions present at birth, requires no specific therapy, but must be distinguished from the neonatal skin manifestations of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. The condition should not be confused with others involving sepsis.
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Larsen ML, Klitgaard NA, Jest P, Hørder M, Strate M, Hansen LP, Ulrich M. [Home measurement of blood glucose. A qualitative evaluation]. Ugeskr Laeger 1984; 146:2394-7. [PMID: 6515840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hørder M, Hansen LP, Larsen ML, Jest P, Klitgaard NA, Strate M, Ulrich M. [Home measurement of blood glucose. Deliberation before the introduction of the test as part of the treatment]. Ugeskr Laeger 1984; 146:2385-9. [PMID: 6515838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hansen LP, Jacobsen J, Skytte H. Wegener's granulomatosis in a child. Eur J Respir Dis 1983; 64:620-4. [PMID: 6653691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A post-mortem diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) was made on a ten-year-old girl. The patient had presented with recurrent sinusitis, progressive proteinuria, and reduced renal function. Biopsies from maxillary sinuses had revealed non-specific chronic inflammation, and a renal biopsy extracapillary glomerulonephritis. Chest X-ray had shown a cavitating nodule in the right lung, initially interpreted as tuberculosis. Lung biopsy had not been performed. To achieve a precise diagnosis in cases with symptoms suggesting WG, open lung biopsy, and abundant biopsy specimens from involved organs are advocated.
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Hansen LP, Schmidt J. [Adult psychiatric day and night care patients. A cross sectional study in a Danish county with special reference to social, diagnostic and hospitalization conditions]. Ugeskr Laeger 1983; 145:2880-4. [PMID: 6606244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hansen LP, Andersen BL, Brandrup F. [Congenital syphilis. A case of consequence of lack of prenatal care]. Ugeskr Laeger 1983; 145:2306-7. [PMID: 6636327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hansen LP, Schmidt J. [A cross section study, in a Danish county, of adult day or night psychiatric patients]. Ugeskr Laeger 1982; 144:1947-52. [PMID: 6982555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Schmidt J, Hansen LP. [Ambulatory patients in psychiatric inpatients and day wards in the County of Arhus]. Ugeskr Laeger 1982; 144:1952-4. [PMID: 7135620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hansen LP, Andersen HJ, Jørgensen PJ, Klitgaard NA. Detection of leukocyturia by Cytur-Test in paediatric outpatients. Dan Med Bull 1982; 29:255-6. [PMID: 7116957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hansen LP, Lademann A. [Necessary and unnecessary examinations of patients suffering from headache. A retrospective study]. Ugeskr Laeger 1980; 142:1563-4. [PMID: 7414717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Hansen LP, Lund HT, Fahrenkrug J, Søgaard H. Vasocative intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-producing ganglioneuroma in a child with chronic diarrhea. Acta Paediatr Scand 1980; 69:419-24. [PMID: 7376870 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1980.tb07104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In a 2 1/2-year-old girl with persistent watery diarrhea a retroperitoneal tumour and lymph node composed of benign ganglioneuroma cells were found. The histological picture was compatible with an original metastasizing neuroblastoma which has passed through a stage of late maturation. Electron microscopy of the ganglioneuroma showed cytological evidence of increased secretory activity. The tumour contained large amounts of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and preoperative plasma concentration of this peptide was increased. Postoperatively the VIP concentration was normalized, and the diarrhea ceased. Analysis of catecholamine metabolites in urine was normal. The findings suggest that the watery diarrhea was due to the benign VIP-producing neural crest tumour.
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Holm CN, Hansen LP. [Plant fibres and duration of gastro-intestinal passage]. Ugeskr Laeger 1975; 137:561-5. [PMID: 1135957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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