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Nieuwjaer N, Beydoun A, Lecomte F, Manil B, Cappelluti F, Guidoni L, Scuderi D, Desfrançois C. IRMPD spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations on mono- and bi-metallic complexes of acetylacetonate ligands with aluminum, iron, and ruthenium ions. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:234303. [PMID: 33353333 DOI: 10.1063/5.0031653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-ligand cluster ions are structurally characterized by means of gas-phase infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy. The mass-selected complexes consist of one or two metal cations M3+ (M = Al, Fe, or Ru) and two to five anionic bidentate acetylacetonate ligands. Experimental IR spectra are compared with different density functional theory calculations, namely, PBE/TZVP, B3LYP/6-31G*, and M06/6-31+G**. Frequency analysis was also performed at different levels, namely, scaled static harmonic and unscaled static anharmonic, or with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations at the PBE/TZVP level. All methods lead to simulated spectra that fit rather well with experimental data, and the spectral red shifts of several main bands, in the 1200 cm-1-1800 cm-1 range, are sensitive to the strength of the metal-ligand interaction and to the spin state of the ion. Due to the rigidity of those complexes, first principles molecular dynamics calculations provide spectra similar to that produced by static calculations that are already able to catch the main spectral signatures using harmonic calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nieuwjaer
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Lab. de Physique des Lasers, CNRS, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - A Beydoun
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Lab. de Physique des Lasers, CNRS, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - F Lecomte
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Lab. de Physique des Lasers, CNRS, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - B Manil
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Lab. de Physique des Lasers, CNRS, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - F Cappelluti
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - L Guidoni
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - D Scuderi
- Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000 CNRS, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - C Desfrançois
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Lab. de Physique des Lasers, CNRS, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
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Palma A, Grande S, Ricci-Vitiani L, Luciani AM, Buccarelli M, Biffoni M, Dini V, Cirrone GAP, Ciocca M, Guidoni L, Pallini R, Viti V, Rosi A. Different Mechanisms Underlie the Metabolic Response of GBM Stem-Like Cells to Ionizing Radiation: Biological and MRS Studies on Effects of Photons and Carbon Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145167. [PMID: 32708312 PMCID: PMC7404344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor with very poor prognosis, high recurrence rate, and failure of chemo-radiotherapy, mainly due to a small fraction of cells with stem-like properties (GSCs). To study the mechanisms of GSCs resistance to radiation, two GSC lines, named line #1 and line #83, with different metabolic patterns and clinical outcome, were irradiated with photon beams and carbon ions and assessed by 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Both irradiation modalities induced early cytotoxic effects in line #1 with small effects on cell cycle, whereas a proliferative G2/M cytostatic block was observed in line #83. MR spectroscopy signals from mobile lipids (ML) increased in spectra of line #1 after photon and C-ion irradiation with effects on lipid unsaturation level, whereas no effects were detected in line #83 spectra. Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), glutamic acid (glu) and Phosphocreatine (pCr) signals showed a significant variation only for line #1 after carbon ion irradiation. Glucose (glc) level and lactate (Lac) extrusion behaved differently in the two lines. Our findings suggest that the differences in irradiation response of GSCs #1 and #83 lines are likely attributable to their different metabolic fingerprint rather than to the different radiation types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Palma
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Sveva Grande
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Anna Maria Luciani
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Mariachiara Buccarelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Mauro Biffoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.R.-V.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Valentina Dini
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN Sez. di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A. P. Cirrone
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN-LNS, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Mario Ciocca
- Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO)-National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Laura Guidoni
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vincenza Viti
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Antonella Rosi
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (S.G.); (A.M.L.); (V.D.); (L.G.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49903159
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Palma A, Grande S, Ricci-Vitiani L, Luciani A, Buccarelli M, Biffoni M, Molinari A, Calcabrini A, D’Amore E, Guidoni L, Pallini R, Viti V, Rosi A. 307. Metabolic heterogeneity among Glioblastoma stem-like cells reflects differences in response to drug treatments. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Campetella M, Bovi D, Caminiti R, Guidoni L, Bencivenni L, Gontrani L. Structural and vibrational study of 2-MethoxyEthylAmmonium Nitrate (2-OMeEAN): Interpretation of experimental results with ab initio molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:024507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4956459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Campetella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza,” P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D. Bovi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza,” P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R. Caminiti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza,” P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - L. Guidoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - L. Bencivenni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza,” P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - L. Gontrani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma, “La Sapienza,” P. le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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Palma A, Grande S, Luciani AM, Mlynárik V, Guidoni L, Viti V, Rosi A. Metabolic Study of Breast MCF-7 Tumor Spheroids after Gamma Irradiation by (1)H NMR Spectroscopy and Microimaging. Front Oncol 2016; 6:105. [PMID: 27200293 PMCID: PMC4848320 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids are an important model system to investigate the response of tumor cells to radio- and chemotherapy. They share more properties with the original tumor than cells cultured as 2D monolayers do, which helps distinguish the intrinsic properties of monolayer cells from those induced during cell aggregation in 3D spheroids. The paper investigates some metabolic aspects of small tumor spheroids of breast cancer and their originating MCF-7 cells, grown as monolayer, by means of high-resolution (HR) (1)H NMR spectroscopy and MR microimaging before and after gamma irradiation. The spectra of spheroids were characterized by higher intensity of mobile lipids, mostly neutral lipids, and glutamine (Gln) signals with respect to their monolayer cells counterpart, mainly owing to the lower oxygen supply in spheroids. Morphological changes of small spheroids after gamma-ray irradiation, such as loss of their regular shape, were observed by MR microimaging. Lipid signal intensity increased after irradiation, as evidenced in both MR localized spectra of the single spheroid and in HR NMR spectra of spheroid suspensions. Furthermore, the intense Gln signal from spectra of irradiated spheroids remained unchanged, while the low Gln signal observed in monolayer cells increased after irradiation. Similar results were observed in cells grown in hypoxic conditions. The different behavior of Gln in 2D monolayers and in 3D spheroids supports the hypothesis that a lower oxygen supply induces both an upregulation of Gln synthetase and a downregulation of glutaminases with the consequent increase in Gln content, as already observed under hypoxic conditions. The data herein indicate that (1)H NMR spectroscopy can be a useful tool for monitoring cell response to different constraints. The use of spheroid suspensions seems to be a feasible alternative to localized spectroscopy since similar effects were found after radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Palma
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Sveva Grande
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Luciani
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vladimír Mlynárik
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | | | | | - Antonella Rosi
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Rosi A, Ricci-Vitiani L, Biffoni M, Grande S, Luciani AM, Palma A, Runci D, Cappellari M, De Maria R, Guidoni L, Pallini R, Viti V. (1) H NMR spectroscopy of glioblastoma stem-like cells identifies alpha-aminoadipate as a marker of tumor aggressiveness. NMR Biomed 2015; 28:317-26. [PMID: 25581615 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) face a poor prognosis with median survival of about 14 months. High recurrence rate and failure of conventional treatments are attributed to the presence of GBM cells with stem-like properties (GSCs). Metabolite profiles of 42 GSC lines established from the tumor tissue of adult GBM patients were screened with (1) H NMR spectroscopy and compared with human neural progenitor cells from human adult olfactory bulb (OB-NPCs) and from the developing human brain (HNPCs). A first subset (n=12) of GSCs exhibited a dramatic accumulation of the metabolite α-aminoadipate (αAAD), product of the oxidation of α-aminoadipic semialdehyde catalyzed by the ALDH7A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family in lysine catabolism. αAAD was low/not detectable in a second GSC subset (n=13) with the same neural metabolic profile as well as in a third GSC subset (n=17) characterized by intense lipid signals. Likewise, αAAD was not detected in the spectra of OB-NPCs or HNPCs. Inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase by oligomycin treatment revealed that the lysine degradative pathway leading to αAAD formation proceeds through saccharopine, as usually observed in developing brain. Survival curves indicated that high αAAD levels in GSCs significantly correlated with poor patient survival, similarly to prostate and non-small-cell-lung cancers, where activity of ALDH7A1 correlates with tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Rosi
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Harty TP, Allcock DTC, Ballance CJ, Guidoni L, Janacek HA, Linke NM, Stacey DN, Lucas DM. High-Fidelity Preparation, Gates, Memory, and Readout of a Trapped-Ion Quantum Bit. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:220501. [PMID: 25494060 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.220501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We implement all single-qubit operations with fidelities significantly above the minimum threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computing, using a trapped-ion qubit stored in hyperfine "atomic clock" states of ^{43}Ca^{+}. We measure a combined qubit state preparation and single-shot readout fidelity of 99.93%, a memory coherence time of T_{2}^{*}=50 sec, and an average single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.9999%. These results are achieved in a room-temperature microfabricated surface trap, without the use of magnetic field shielding or dynamic decoupling techniques to overcome technical noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Harty
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D T C Allcock
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C J Ballance
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - L Guidoni
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom and Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, University of Paris Diderot, UMR 7162 CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - H A Janacek
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - N M Linke
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D N Stacey
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D M Lucas
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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Guidoni L, Ricci-Vitiani L, Rosi A, Palma A, Grande S, Luciani AM, Pelacchi F, di Martino S, Colosimo C, Biffoni M, De Maria R, Pallini R, Viti V. 1H NMR detects different metabolic profiles in glioblastoma stem-like cells. NMR Biomed 2014; 27:129-145. [PMID: 24142746 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic profiles of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) growing in neurospheres were examined by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Spectra of two GSC lines, labelled 1 and 83, from tumours close to the subventricular zone of the temporal lobe were studied in detail and compared with those of neural stem/progenitor cells from the adult olfactory bulb (OB-NPCs) and of the T98G glioblastoma cell line. In both GSCs, signals from myoinositol (Myo-I), UDP-hexosamines (UDP-Hex) and glycine indicated an astrocyte/glioma metabolism. For line 1, the presence of signals from N-acetyl aspartate, GABA and creatine pointed to a neuronal fingerprint. These metabolites were almost absent from line 83 spectra, whereas lipid signals, absent from normal neural lineages, were intense in line 83 spectra and remained low in those of line 1, irrespective of apoptotic fate. Spectra of OB-NPC cells displayed strong similarities with those from line 1, with low lipid signals and clearly detectable neuronal signals. In contrast, the spectral profile of line 83 was more similar to that of T98G, displaying high lipids and nearly complete absence of the neuronal markers. A mixed neural-astrocyte metabolic phenotype with a strong neuronal fingerprint was therefore found in line 1, while an astrocytic/glioma-like metabolism prevailed in line 83. We found a signal assigned to the amide proton of N-acetyl galactosamine in GSC lines and in OB-NPC spectra, whereas it was absent from those of T98G cells. This signal may be related to a stem-cell-specific protein glycosylation pattern and is therefore suggested as a marker of cell multipotency. Other GSC lines from patients with different clinical outcomes were then examined. Unsupervised analysis of spectral data from 13 lines yielded two clusters, with six lines resembling spectral features of line 1 and seven resembling those of line 83, suggesting that distinct metabolic phenotypes may be present in GSC lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guidoni
- Department of Technology and Health and INFN Sanità Group, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Fraschetti C, Montagna M, Guarcini L, Guidoni L, Filippi A. Spectroscopic evidence for a gas-phase librating G-quartet–Na+ complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:14767-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Na+–G4 adduct exists as a mixture of two metastable populations, rapidly interconverting at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Fraschetti
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies
- Sapienza-University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
| | - M. Montagna
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies
- Sapienza-University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
| | - L. Guarcini
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies
- Sapienza-University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
| | - L. Guidoni
- Chemistry
- Chemical and Materials Engineering
- L'Aquila University
- 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A. Filippi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies
- Sapienza-University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
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Bovi D, Guidoni L. Magnetic coupling constants and vibrational frequencies by extended broken symmetry approach with hybrid functionals. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:114107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4752398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Palma A, Grande S, Rosi A, Luciani AM, Guidoni L, Viti V. (1)H-MRS can detect aberrant glycosylation in tumour cells: a study of the HeLa cell line. NMR Biomed 2011; 24:1099-1110. [PMID: 21290459 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most abundant and diverse form of post-translational modification of proteins. Two types of glycans exist in glycoproteins: N-glycans and O-glycans often coexisting in the same protein. O-glycosylation is frequently found on secreted or membrane-bound mucins whose overexpression and structure alterations are associated with many types of cancer. Mucins have several cancer-associated structures, including high levels of Lewis antigens characterized by the presence of terminal fucose. The present study deals with the identification of MR signals from N-acetylgalactosamine and from fucose in HeLa cells by detecting a low-field signal in one-dimensional (1D) spectra assigned to the NH of N-acetylgalactosamine and some cross peaks assigned to fucose in two-dimensional (2D) spectra. The increase of Golgi pH by treatment with ammonium chloride allowed the N-acetylgalactosamine signal assignment to be confirmed. Behaviour of MR peak during cell growth and comparison with studies from literature taken together made it possible to have more insight into the relationship between aberrantly processed mucin and the presence of non-processed N-acetylgalactosamine residues in HeLa cells. Fucose signals, tentatively ascribed to residues bound to galactose and to N-acetylglucosamine, are visible in both intact cell and perchloric acid spectra. Signals assigned to fucose bound to galactose are more evident in ammonium chloride-treated cells where structural changes of mucin-related Lewis antigens are expected as a result of the higher Golgi pH. A common origin for the N-acetylgalactosamine and fucose resonances attributing them to aberrantly processed mucin can be inferred from the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Palma
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute and INFN Gruppo Collegato Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
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Grande S, Palma A, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Guidoni L, Viti V. Glycosidic intermediates identified in 1H MR spectra of intact tumour cells may contribute to the clarification of aspects of glycosylation pathways. NMR Biomed 2011; 24:68-79. [PMID: 20669171 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation process, through the addition of carbohydrates, is a major post-translational modification of proteins and glycolipids. Proteins may be glycosylated in either the secretory pathway leading to N-linked or O-linked glycoproteins or as nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation that targets only single proteins involving a single β-linked N-acetylglucosamine. In both cases, the key precursors are the uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamines synthesised by the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine participates in the biosynthesis of sialic acid. In this work, we propose MRS for the detection of uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamines visible in high-resolution MR spectra of intact cells from different human tumours. Signals from the nucleotide and amino sugar moieties, including amide signals observed for the first time in whole cells, are assigned, also taking advantage of spectral changes that follow cell treatment with ammonium chloride. Finally, parallel changes in uridine diphospho-N-acetylhexosamines and glutamine pools, observed after pH changes induced by ammonium chloride in the different tumour cell lines, may provide more details on the glycosylation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sveva Grande
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute and INFN Gruppo Collegato Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Luciani AM, Grande S, Palma A, Rosi A, Giovannini C, Sapora O, Viti V, Guidoni L. Characterization of 1H NMR detectable mobile lipids in cells from human adenocarcinomas. FEBS J 2009; 276:1333-46. [PMID: 19210542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies are often carried out to provide metabolic information on tumour cell metabolism, aiming for increased knowledge for use in anti-cancer treatments. Accordingly, the presence of intense lipid signals in tumour cells has been the subject of many studies aiming to obtain further insight on the reaction of cancer cells to external agents that eventually cause cell death. The present study explored the relationship between changes in neutral lipid signals during cell growth and after irradiation with gamma rays to provide arrest in cell cycle and cell death. Two cell lines from human tumours were used that were differently prone to apoptosis following irradiation. A sub-G1 peak was present only in the radiosensitive HeLa cells. Different patterns of neutral lipids changes were observed in spectra from intact cells, either during unperturbed cell growth in culture or after radiation-induced growth arrest. The intensities of triglyceride signals in the spectra from extracted total lipids changed concurrently. The increase in lipid peak intensities did not correlate with the apoptotic fate. Modelling to fit the experimental data revealed a dynamic equilibrium between the production and depletion of neutral lipids. This is observed for the first time in cells that are different from adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Luciani
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Grande S, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Guidoni L, Viti V. Identification of amide protons of glutathione in MR spectra of tumour cells. NMR Biomed 2008; 21:1057-65. [PMID: 18561207 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Signals attributable to amide protons and used in previous studies to measure intracellular pH were observed in the low-field region of the (1)H-MR spectra of four tumour cell lines: T98G, MCF-7, A172 and HeLa. The signals were more intense in the spectra of the two cell lines (T98G and MCF-7) characterised by higher concentrations of glutathione (GSH). After comparison with (1)H-MR spectra of GSH in solution at different pH values, the peaks were attributed to NHs of the Cys and Gly residues of GSH. Modification of the intracellular concentration of GSH by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine produced comparable decreases in the intensity of aliphatic signals of GSH and NHs under examination. The assignment was therefore confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sveva Grande
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute and INFN Gruppo Collegato Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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16
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Didier P, Weiss E, Sibler AP, Philibert P, Martineau P, Bigot JY, Guidoni L. Femtosecond spectroscopy probes the folding quality of antibody fragments expressed as GFP fusions in the cytoplasm. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 366:878-84. [PMID: 18067857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved femtosecond spectroscopy can improve the application of green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) as protein-folding reporters. The study of ultrafast excited-state dynamics (ESD) of GFP fused to single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody fragments, allowed us to define and measure an empirical parameter that only depends on the folding quality (FQ) of the fusion. This method has been applied to the analysis of genetic fusions expressed in the bacterial cytoplasm and allowed us to distinguish folded and thus functional antibody fragments (high FQ) with respect to misfolded antibody fragments. Moreover, these findings were strongly correlated to the behavior of the same scFvs expressed in animal cells. This method is based on the sensitivity of the ESD to the modifications in the tertiary structure of the GFP induced by the aggregation state of the fusion partner. This approach may be applicable to the study of the FQ of polypeptides over-expressed under reducing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Didier
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7175, 74, route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
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17
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Milman P, Maineult W, Guibal S, Guidoni L, Douçot B, Ioffe L, Coudreau T. Topologically decoherence-protected qubits with trapped ions. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:020503. [PMID: 17678207 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We show that trapped ions can be used to simulate a highly symmetrical Hamiltonian with eigenstates naturally protected against local sources of decoherence. This Hamiltonian involves long-range coupling between particles and provides a more efficient protection than nearest neighbor models discussed in previous works. Our results open the perspective of experimentally realizing, in controlled atomic systems, complex entangled states with decoherence times up to 9 orders of magnitude longer than isolated quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Milman
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162, Université Denis Diderot, 2 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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18
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Rosi A, Grande S, Luciani AM, Palma A, Giovannini C, Guidoni L, Sapora O, Viti V. Role of glutathione in apoptosis induced by radiation as determined by 1H MR spectra of cultured tumor cells. Radiat Res 2007; 167:268-82. [PMID: 17316070 DOI: 10.1667/rr0578.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between apoptosis induced by gamma radiation and glutathione in cells of two human cancer cell lines, HeLa from cervix carcinoma and MCF-7 from mammary carcinoma, was examined. MCF-7 cells appeared to be more radioresistant than HeLa cells, and radiation-induced apoptosis, which was monitored by assessing phosphatidylserine externalization, was observed in HeLa cells but not in MCF-7 cells. Glutathione levels monitored by (1)H MRS were higher in MCF-7 cells than in HeLa cells, while the opposite was true for the free glu signals. MCF-7 cells became more radiosensitive when treated with 0.1 mM buthionine sulfoximine, which inhibits GSH synthesis through inactivation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, with the concomitant appearance of radiation-induced apoptosis. We can thus reasonably associate, at least in part, the resistance of MCF-7 cells to apoptosis with a high level of glutathione and probably with a high activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. A late decrease in glutathione concentration after irradiation was observed in MCF-7 cells, but not in HeLa cells and to a lesser degree in buthionine sulfoximine-treated MCF-7 cells. This would indicate that the radiation-induced decrease in glutathione concentration is not related to the onset of apoptosis, but it is more likely related to glutathione consumption as a result of detoxification reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Rosi
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute and INFN Gruppo Collegato Sanita', Roma, Italy
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19
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Grande S, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Palma A, Giovannini C, Sapora O, Guidoni L, Viti V. Metabolism of glutathione in tumour cells as evidenced by 1H MRS. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:637-43. [PMID: 17257597 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
1H MRS signals of glutathione and of free glutamate were examined in samples from cultured tumour cells, namely MCF-7 from mammary carcinoma and TG98 from malignant glioma, with the aim of relating signal intensities to aspects of GSH metabolism. Spectra of cells harvested at different cell densities suggest that GSH and glu signal intensities are related to cell density and proliferation and their ratio is dependent on the activity of the gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase. The hypothesis is confirmed by experiments performed on cells treated with buthionine sulfoximine that inhibits the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grande
- Dipartimento Tecnologie e Salute and INFN Gruppo Collegato Sanita', Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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Grande S, Giovannini C, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Palma A, Rosi A, Sapora O, Viti V. 1H MRS signals from glutathione may act as predictive markers of apoptosis in irradiated tumour cells. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 122:205-6. [PMID: 17251247 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncl391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of apoptosis in tumour cells may depend on intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) level. In this work, GSH levels were studied by (1)H MRS in MCF-7 and HeLa cells, characterised by a different radiosensitivity. Annexin-V test showed that the fraction of apoptotic HeLa cells after irradiation is much higher than in control, although MCF-7 cells did not show a significant apoptosis. MRS signals from GSH (G) show lower intensity in HeLa with respect to MCF-7 cells; the opposite is true for free glutamic acid [glu (g)]. After irradiation, the G/g ratio decreases in MCF-7, although remaining approximately constant in HeLa cells. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) treated MCF-7 cells show an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells; in parallel, G/g ratio behaves as in HeLa. This study indicates that GSH level may act as predictive marker of apoptosis by irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grande
- Department of Technology and Health and INFN Sanità Group, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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21
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de Pasquale F, Barone P, Sebastiani G, d'Errico F, Egger E, Luciani AM, Pacilio M, Guidoni L, Viti V. Ion diffusion modelling of Fricke-agarose dosemeter gels. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 120:151-4. [PMID: 16644939 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In Fricke-agarose gels, an accurate determination of the spatial dose distribution is hindered by the diffusion of ferric ions. In this work, a model was developed to describe the diffusion process within gel samples of finite length and, thus, permit the reconstruction of the initial spatial distribution of the ferric ions. The temporal evolution of the ion concentration as a function of the initial concentration is derived by solving Fick's second law of diffusion in two dimensions with boundary reflections. The model was applied to magnetic resonance imaging data acquired at high spatial resolution (0.3 mm) and was found to describe accurately the observed diffusion effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- F de Pasquale
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, CNR, viale del Policlinico 137, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Viti V, d'Errico F, Pacilio M, Luciani AM, Palma A, Grande S, Ranghiasci C, Adorante N, Guidoni L, Rosi A, Ranade M, de Pasquale F, Barone P, Sebastiani G. Optical imaging of dose distributions in Fricke gels. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 120:148-50. [PMID: 16614085 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncj005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferrous-sulphate infused gels, or 'Fricke gels', encounter great interest in the field of radiation dosimetry, due to their potential for 3D radiation dose mapping. Typically, magnetic resonance (MR) relaxation rates are determined in these systems in order to derive the absorbed dose. However, when large concentration gradients are present, diffusion effects before and during the MR imaging may not be negligible. In these cases, optical techniques may represent a viable alternative. This paper describes research aimed at measuring 3D dose distributions in a Fricke-xylenol orange gel by measuring optical density with a CCD camera. This method is inexpensive and fast. A series of early experiments is described, in which optical density profiles were measured with a commercial microdensitometer for film dosimetry. The light box of the device was modified to work at 567 nm, close to the maximum absorbance of the ferric ion-xylenol orange complex. Under these conditions, the gel shows linearity with dose and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Viti
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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23
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Grande S, Giovannini C, Luciani AM, Palma A, Rosi A, Sapora O, Viti V, Guidoni L. Radiation effects in cultured tumour cells examined by 1H MRS: mobile lipids modulation and proliferative arrest. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 122:202-4. [PMID: 17158120 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncl517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Much attention has been devoted in the past to monitor changes of mobile lipid (ML) (1)H MRS signals in spectra of tumour cells. The purpose of this work is to exploit ML signals to provide information on cell metabolism after irradiation, comparing tumour cells characterised by different radiosensitivity and relating MRS findings to changes in cell proliferation and delays in cell cycle phases. Irradiated HeLa cells present less intense ML signals with respect to controls. The opposite is true for MCF-7 cells. A G(2) arrest is observed for both cell lines after irradiation. In HeLa cells, G(1) decreases and S phase is maintained; a sub G(1) peak is also visible. In MCF-7 cells, G(1) is decreased and S phase is strongly reduced, while no sub G(1) is present. The observed changes in ML are tentatively associated to cell cycle regulation of phospholipid synthesis. Mathematical modelling of ML variations is in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grande
- Department of Technology and Health and INFN Sanità Group, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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24
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Luciani AM, Palma A, Adorante N, Barone P, Grande S, Ranghiasci C, Rosi A, Guidoni L, Viti V. Optical images of dose distributions in Gel-Fricke: dosimetric performances of the gel. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 122:455-6. [PMID: 17186949 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncl486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to examine the dosimetric performances of the radiochromic Fricke-Agarose-Xylenol Orange gel by optical measurements in order to perform dose reconstructions, in view of a future development for 3-D maps. Optical images and dose-response curves of the gel were obtained by a CCD-based device, originally designed for reading radiochromic films, that was modified to meet the optical properties of the dosemeter. With a resolution of 0.18 x 0.18 mm the optimum range of doses in which per cent uncertainty is lower than 2% was 3-10 Gy. The minimum detectable dose, estimated as the absorbed dose corresponding to 3 SD above background, was 0.1 Gy. With a resolution of 1.98 x 1.98 mm the optimum range of doses in which per cent uncertainty is lower than 2% was 0.3-10 Gy. The minimum detectable dose, estimated as the absorbed dose corresponding to 3 SD above background, was 0.015 Gy. The comparison with alanine dosemeters in the dose range 7-10 Gy showed agreement within a few per cent and the same agreement was observed for the comparison with TLD in the range 1-3 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciani
- Department of Technology and Health and INFN Sanità Group, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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25
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Didier P, Guidoni L, Bardou F. Infinite average lifetime of an unstable bright state in the green fluorescent protein. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:090602. [PMID: 16197199 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.090602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The time evolution of the fluorescence intensity emitted by well-defined ensembles of green fluorescent proteins has been studied by using a standard confocal microscope. In contrast with previous results obtained in single-molecule experiments, the photobleaching of the ensemble is well described by a model based on Lévy statistics. By assuming the presence of thermally activated barriers, this simple model allows us to obtain information about their height distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Didier
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 CNRS-ULP-ECPM, 23 rue du Loess, B.P. 43, F-67034 Strasbourg CX, France.
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26
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Vomir M, Andrade LHF, Guidoni L, Beaurepaire E, Bigot JY. Real space trajectory of the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic metals. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:237601. [PMID: 16090502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.237601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the real space trajectory of the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic metals induced by femtosecond optical pulses. Our approach allows the observation of the initial change of the modulus and orientation of the magnetization, occurring within a few hundreds of femtoseconds, as well as its subsequent precession and damping around the effective field. The role of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy shows up in the magnetization reorientation occurring during the electron-lattice relaxation. In addition, we propose a model which takes into account the initial demagnetization in the Bloch formalism describing the magnetization dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vomir
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte 7504 CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur BP. 43, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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27
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Abstract
A new method to measure and analyze the time and spectrally resolved polarimetric response of magnetic materials is presented. It allows us to study the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of a CoPt3 ferromagnetic film. The analysis of the pump-induced rotation and ellipticity detected by a broad spectrum probe beam shows that magneto-optical signals predominantly reflect the spin dynamics in ferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Bigot
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte CNRS-ULP-ECPM, 23 rue du Loess, B.P. 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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28
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Rosi A, Grande S, Luciani AM, Barone P, Mlynarik V, Viti V, Guidoni L. (1H) MRS studies of signals from mobile lipids and from lipid metabolites: comparison of the behavior in cultured tumor cells and in spheroids. NMR Biomed 2004; 17:76-91. [PMID: 15052555 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
(1)H magnetic resonance studies on MCF-7 and HeLa cells were undertaken to reveal differences in lipid and lipid metabolite signals during the growth in culture. High intensity mobile lipid (ML) signals were found during the first days in culture, while afterwards the same signals declined and started increasing again at confluence and at late confluence. At the same time, signals from the lipid metabolite phosphocholine decreased in intensity while signals from glycerophosphocholine in MCF-7 and from choline in HeLa increased as cells approached confluence. Spectral parameters from actively proliferating and non-proliferating cells were used to classify cells with respect to the proliferative conditions by means of a multivariate statistical analysis. Furthermore, it was shown that polyunsaturation of mobile lipid chains was lower in the confluent group with respect to the actively proliferating cells. The examination of spectra from suspensions of MCF-7 spheroids with diameter smaller than 500 microm suggests that cells in spheroids are in condition of lipid metabolism similar to that of confluent cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Rosi
- Laboratorio di Fisica and INFN-Gr. Coll Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
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Scuderi G, Guidoni L, Rosmini F, Petrini C. [Italian regulation on the protection of human subjects participating to clinical studies, from the Nineties to 2004]. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2004; 40:495-507. [PMID: 15815117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In chronological order, and in the light of bioethics principles, the authors describe the Italian regulation which concerns the protection of human subjects participating in clinical trials from 1990 to July 2004, the related institution of Ethical Committees and the adoption of the tool of the informed consent. The publication includes the ties that have connected the Italian regulations to the European one since the beginning. During such period, the reception of the Good Clinical Practice guidelines - which occurred in 1992 first, and finally in 1997 - has led to the establishment and the fostering of such important institutions as well as to the shaping of a network of Ethical Committees working on clinical trials and coordinated at a central level. In this paper the authors examine in particular: clinical trials of medicinal products, of medical devices and of ionizing radiations. Some implications of ethics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Scuderi
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie e Immunomediate, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma.
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Guidoni L. [Bioethics: problems and prospects within a research institute]. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2004; 40:309-15. [PMID: 15637405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioethics aims to identify an ethical framework by means of a multidisciplinary debate open to the scientific community, in order to allow support to scientists involved in biomedical research. The Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health) has recognized the need for an ethical review board to cope with the problems of different researches carried on within the Institute. An Ethics Committee, better defined as an Independent Review Board, has therefore been appointed by the Minister of Health in order to evaluate different research proposals ranging from clinical trials to non clinical biomedical research. The experience of the first Committee is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guidoni
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma.
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Didier P, Guidoni L, Schwalbach G, Bourotte M, Follenius-Wund A, Pigault C, Bigot JY. Ultrafast gain dynamics of the green fluorescent protein. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Grande S, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Cherubini R, Conzato M, Guidoni L, Viti V. Radiation effects on soluble metabolites in cultured HeLa cells examined by 1H MRS: changes in concentration of glutathione and of lipid catabolites induced by gamma rays and proton beams. Int J Cancer 2002; 96 Suppl:27-42. [PMID: 11992384 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.10345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cultured HeLa cells were irradiated with a single acute dose of either gamma rays (40 Gy) or low-energy proton beams (20 Gy). (1)H magnetic resonance spectra of intact cells harvested at different times after irradiation and of the correspondent perchloric acid (PCA) extracts prepared at different times after irradiation were run. Selected signals from glutathione and lactate were examined with the aim of investigating effects of irradiation on antioxidative stores and on mitochondrial activity. An increase of signal intensity of glutathione (GSH) takes place at 15 and 24 hr after irradiation, while a decrease of its signal intensity, accompanied by an increase of that of free glutamate, starts appearing 48 hr after irradiation. Lactate signal increases 48 hr after irradiation. Signals from lipid catabolites were also examined to explore their sensitivity in predicting the response to radiotherapy. Intensity ratios of signals of glycerophosphorylcholine and choline to that of phosphorylcholine increase with time after irradiation. Irradiating cells with gamma rays or proton beams at half a dose produces effects comparable to the metabolic variations presented here. The present experiments allow more insight into the complex pattern of the changes of GSH by irradiation and indicate that magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals from GSH, glutamate, lactate, and lipid catabolites are affected by irradiation. Finally, these data represent a first indication that the relative biological efficiency for some metabolic damage of low-energy proton beams with respect to gamma rays can reach a value of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grande
- Laboratorio di Fisica and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Gruppo Collegato Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
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Luciani AM, Rosi A, Grande S, Guidoni L, Viti V, Cherubini R, Conzato M. Changes in soluble metabolites induced in tumour cells by gamma rays and proton beams: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2002; 99:307-310. [PMID: 12194313 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cultured HeLa cells have been irradiated with a single acute dose of either gamma rays (40 Gy) or low energy proton beams (20 Gy). 1H magnetic resonance spectra of perchloric acid extracts (PCA) prepared at different times after irradiation show an intensity decrease of signal from glutathione and a parallel increase of lactate signal. Intensity ratios of signals of glycerophosphorylcholine to that of phosphorylcholine increase with time after irradiation. Irradiating cells with gamma rays or proton beams at half a dose obtain effects of comparable extent. The present experiments indicate that relevant metabolic alterations take place in cells damaged by irradiation. Finally, these data represent a first indication that the relative biological efficiency of low energy proton beams with respect to gamma rays can reach a value of 2 as evidenced by cell metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciani
- Lab. Fisica, Istituto Superiore di Sanità and INFN (RMI), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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de Pasquale F, Luciani AM, Pacilio M, Guidoni L, Viti V, d'Errico F, Barone P, Sebastiani G. Dose reconstruction in irradiated Fricke-agarose gels by means of MRI and optical techniques: 2D modelling of diffusion of ferric ions. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2002; 99:363-364. [PMID: 12194325 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fricke-agarose gels have elicited much interest in the field of radiation dosimetry, as tissue-equivalent dosemeters. magnetic resonance (MR) relaxation rates are measured for dose reconstruction. A major problem of Fricke-agarose gels is the diffusion of the ferric ions formed after irradiation. Knowledge of the diffusion coefficient of ferric ions may be necessary. Xylene orange, a dye that specifically chelates ferric ions, was added to the Fricke gel system to reduce ion diffusion and, as the binding gives a coloured complex, to allow optical detection of ferric ions. Diffusion of ferric ions in two dimensions and time evolution of ion concentration were evaluated. MR images were obtained at different times after irradiation. Ferric ion distribution, the corresponding images and the doses at different times after irradiation were reconstructed taking into account the calculated diffusion coefficients. Diffusion was then estimated by means of two different optical methods. The agreement obtained supports the reliability of the MRI method and of the model.
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Luciani AM, Rosi A, Matarrese P, Arancia G, Guidoni L, Viti V. Changes in cell volume and internal sodium concentration in HeLa cells during exponential growth and following lonidamine treatment. Eur J Cell Biol 2001; 80:187-95. [PMID: 11302524 DOI: 10.1078/0171-9335-00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell volumes decreased in HeLa cells as a function of time after seeding during exponential growth. Cell volume distributions revealed the presence of two cell populations in all stages of growth. When cells approached confluence, the ratio of the two populations abruptly shifted towards that characterised by the smallest volume. Percentages of G1-, S- and G2 + M-phase cells were also measured and it was found that G1 frequency increased as a function of cell density during exponential growth. Intracellular sodium concentration, [Na]i was monitored by 23Na NMR in the presence of 5 mM dysprosium (III) tripolyphosphate. [Na]i increased from 22.8 to 59.0 mM in cells from the second to the seventh day after seeding. Treatment with lonidamine, an antitumoral drug that it is known to slow down cell growth by affecting aerobic glycolysis, produced a complete block of cell progression after a few days of treatment. The progression of cell volume distributions towards smaller volumes and the increase in internal sodium concentration as a function of time after seeding were also affected by the drug. These phenomena were related to the existence of a subpopulation of mitotically inactive G1-phase cells during exponential growth, pointing out that a density-dependent cellular mechanism regulates the cell cycling in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciani
- Laboratorio di Fisica, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Roma, Italy
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Guastadisegni C, Guidoni L, Balduzzi M, Viti V, Di Consiglio E, Vittozzi L. Characterization of a phospholipid adduct formed in Sprague Dawley rats by chloroform metabolism: NMR studies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2000; 12:93-102. [PMID: 9443066 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0461(1998)12:2<93::aid-jbt4>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a covalent adduct to a single phospholipid by the oxidative chloroform metabolite, phosgene, is demonstrated in liver mitochondria of phenobarbital-pretreated Sprague Dawley (SD) rats treated with CHCl3. The densitometric analysis of the phosphorus stained extracted phospholipids showed that the formation of this adduct in liver mitochondria is accompanied by a decrease of phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin. The characterization of this adduct was performed with a multinuclear NMR approach by comparison with the decreased phospholipids. Treatment of rats with [13C]chloroform resulted in an intense 13C NMR peak from either an esteric or amidic carbonyl. Very strong similarities in fatty acid composition were found between phosphatidylethanolamine and the phosgene-modified PL, using 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy. A multiplet at 3.91 ppm coupled to a signal at 3.41 ppm was shown by two-dimensional 1H NMR in the adduct spectrum. This cross peak was interpreted as arising from the shifted resonances of the two PE head group methylene groups, due to the binding with phosgene. 31P spectrum of the adduct was identical to that of phosphatidylethanolamine. We concluded that the chloroform adduct is a modified phosphatidylethanolamine, with the phosgene-derived carbonyl bound to the amine of the head group.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Guastadisegni
- Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and electrostatic modeling are used to investigate structural and dynamical properties of the potassium ions and of water molecules inside the KcsA channel immersed in a membrane-mimetic environment. Two potassium ions, initially located in the selectivity filter binding sites, maintain their position during 2 ns of dynamics. A third potassium ion is very mobile in the water-filled cavity. The protein appears engineered so as to polarize water molecules inside the channel cavity. The resulting water induced dipole and the positively charged potassium ion within the cavity are the key ingredients for stabilizing the two K(+) ions in the binding sites. These two ions experience single file movements upon removal of the potassium in the cavity, confirming the role of the latter in ion transport through the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guidoni
- Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Italy and International School for Advanced Studies, Via Beirut 4, 34014 Trieste, Italy
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de Pasquale F, Sebastiani G, Egger E, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Marzola P, Manfredi R, Pacilio M, Piermattei A, Viti V, Barone P. Bayesian estimation of relaxation times T(1) in MR images of irradiated Fricke-agarose gels. Magn Reson Imaging 2000; 18:721-31. [PMID: 10930782 DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(00)00149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The authors present a novel method for processing T(1)-weighted images acquired with Inversion-Recovery (IR) sequence. The method, developed within the Bayesian framework, takes into account a priori knowledge about the spatial regularity of the parameters to be estimated. Inference is drawn by means of Markov Chains Monte Carlo algorithms. The method has been applied to the processing of IR images from irradiated Fricke-agarose gels, proposed in the past as relative dosimeter to verify radiotherapeutic treatment planning systems. Comparison with results obtained from a standard approach shows that signal-to noise ratio (SNR) is strongly enhanced when the estimation of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) is performed with the newly proposed statistical approach. Furthermore, the method allows the use of more complex models of the signal. Finally, an appreciable reduction of total acquisition time can be obtained due to the possibility of using a reduced number of images. The method can also be applied to T(1) mapping of other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F de Pasquale
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, viale del Policlinico 137, Rome, Italy.
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Pham TA, Barisien T, Grayer V, Guidoni L, Hadziioannou G, Bigot JY. Gain dynamics in oriented thin films of an oligo(para-phenylene vinylene). Chem Phys Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Changes in signal intensity of (1)H-MRS mobile lipids, mostly triglycerides, have been observed in cultured HeLa cells during exponential growth. Signals were intense in the first days after seeding and almost disappeared after a few days in culture. Choline-based metabolites were not affected by growth. Treatment with the antitumor drug lonidamine, which blocks cell proliferation and cell progression through cycle, increased lipid signal intensity. Morphological changes in the organization of the cell surface were detected by scanning electron microscopy during exponential growth, and were confirmed by freeze fracture analysis. The observed metabolic and structural modifications during cell growth were correlated to cell cycle progression of HeLa cells, as high-intensity lipid signals were typical of cells with a high percentage of S- and( )G(2) + M-phases, while cells with a high frequency in G(1)-phase were characterized by mobile lipid signals of very low intensity. Magn Reson Med 42:248-257, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosi
- Laboratorio di Fisica, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, and INFN-Sezione Roma I, Gruppo collegato Sanitá, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations of the K+ channel from Streptomyces lividans (KcsA channel) were performed in a membrane-mimetic environment with Na+ and K+ in different initial locations. The structure of the channel remained stable and well preserved for simulations lasting up to 1.5 ns. Salt bridges between Asp80 and Arg89 of neighboring subunits, not detected in the X-ray structure, enhanced the stability of the tetrameric structure. Na+ or K+ ions located in the channel vestibule lost part of their hydration shell and diffused into the channel inner pore in less than a few hundred picoseconds. This powerful catalytic action was caused by strong electrostatic interactions with Asp80 and Glu71. The hydration state of the metal ions turned out to depend significantly on the conformational flexibility of the channel. Furthermore, Na+ entered the channel inner pore bound to more water molecules than K+. The different hydration state of the two ions may be a determinant factor in the ion selectivity of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guidoni
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Trieste, Italy
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Viti V, Ragona R, Guidoni L, Barone P, Furman E, Degani H. Hormonally induced modulation in the phosphate metabolites of breast cancer: analysis of in vivo 31P MRS signals with a modified prony method. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38:285-95. [PMID: 9256110 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910380219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A modified Prony method (MPM) was applied to analyze the main signals present in spatially resolved 31P NMR spectra of MCF7 breast tumors implanted in nude mice. First, the method was tested on synthetic data to establish its limits of reliability. Its performance with respect to peak identification and quantification of signal intensities was then exploited on data from three implanted tumors during hormonal manipulation with estrogen and the antiestrogenic drug tamoxifen. The phosphomonoester peak was resolved into phosphocholine (PC) and phosphoethanolamine (PE). Treatment with tamoxifen led to a significant reduction in the PE to PE+PC peak amplitude ratio in the tumors under consideration. MPM analysis also revealed the presence of two different inorganic phosphate pools: a larger acidic pool and a smaller alkaline pool during estrogen-induced growth and the reverse during tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Viti
- Laboratorio di Fisica e INFN Sez. Sanita, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Roma, Italy
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Di Capua S, D'Errico F, Egger E, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Viti V. Dose distribution of proton beams with NMR measurements of Fricke-agarose gels. Magn Reson Imaging 1997; 15:489-95. [PMID: 9223050 DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(96)00380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fricke-agarose gels have been irradiated with a proton beam. Then samples have been extracted at different depths with respect to the beam penetration distance, corresponding to different irradiation doses. Relaxation times T1 and T2, measured at 17 MHz, appear sensitive to this kind of radiation. In particular, T2 exhibits three components T2a, T2b and T2c, the first two being sensitive to proton irradiation. At 1% agarose concentration, the relaxation rates R1 = 1/T1, R2a = 1/T2a and R2b = 1/T2b of samples irradiated with both modulated and unmodulated beams, increase with the dose, irrespective of the beam energy. The yield G of Fe3+ ions per 100 eV of absorbed energy is always higher than that obtained for gamma irradiated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Di Capua
- Laboratorio di Fisica e INFN Sezione Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Roma Italy
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Abstract
NMR relaxation times T1 and T2 of agarose and Fricke agarose gels have been measured in the range 17-51 MHz. The analysis of the spin echo curves indicates a multiexponential behaviour, characterized by three components, at all the examined frequencies. The relative T2 values, ranging from a few to a hundred milliseconds, can be attributed to different species of water molecules present in the gel. Two of these components are characterized by relaxation rates R2a and R2b, more sensitive than R1 to gamma irradiation, the sensitivity S being S(R1) = 0.066 s-1 Gy-1, S(R2a) = 0.088 s-1 Gy-1, S(R2b) = 0.17 s-1 Gy-1. The three T2 values decrease as a function of frequency, but no gain in dose sensitivity is obtained by changing the working frequency in the examined range. The relaxivity of agarose gels containing ferrous or ferric ions has also been measured and found to be different from those of the corresponding solutions in the absence of agarose. Thus it was possible to estimate the irradiation yield from three independent parameters, R1, R2a and R2b. No effect of the dose rate or of the source energy has been observed for any of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciani
- Laboratorio di Fisica e INFN Sez, Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
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Cacciafesta M, Ferri C, Carlomagno A, De Angelis C, Scuteri A, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Viti V, Santucci A. Erythrocyte Na-K-Cl cotransport activity in low renin essential hypertensive patients. A 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance study. Am J Hypertens 1994; 7:151-8. [PMID: 8179850 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/7.2.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Na-K-Cl cotransport activity in red blood cells from essential hypertensive men with low (n = 8, mean age 42 +/- 4 years) or normal renin activity (n = 4, mean age 43 +/- 3 years), and in normotensive men with normal renin activity (n = 7, mean age 38 +/- 4 years) has been evaluated by means of a recently developed 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method. Sodium efflux was determined by relating the resonating frequency of the NMR signal from extracellular sodium to sodium concentration in the presence of the shift reagent Dy(PPP)2(7-). The maximum Na+ efflux driven by cotransport (Vmax) was measured in Na(+)-loaded erythrocytes in the presence of ouabain to block the Na-K-Cl pump activity. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was found in Vmax values of low renin patients (0.70 mmol/h/L cells, range 0.40 to 0.90 mmol/h/L cells) as compared with normotensive controls (0.39 +/- 0.08 mmol/h/L cells) and normal renin hypertensives (mean 0.49 +/- 0.04 mmol/h/L cells). In conclusion, this study showed an increased activity of the Na-K-Cl cotransport in red blood cells from low renin hypertensive men as compared with normal renin hypertensives and normotensives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cacciafesta
- University La Sapienza, Institute of I Clinica Medica, Andrea Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Cacciafesta M, Ferri C, Carlomagno A, Piccirillo G, De Angelis C, Santucci A, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Viti V. Increased sodium, potassium cotransport activity in salt-sensitive essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens Suppl 1993; 11:S254-S255. [PMID: 8158371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Cacciafesta
- La Sapienza University, Andrea Cesalpino Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Cacciafesta M, Marigliano V, Ferri C, Piccirillo G, Scuteri A, Guidoni L, Luciani AM, Rosi A, Viti V. 23Na-NMR study of cation cotransport in human red blood cells. Am J Physiol 1992; 262:C1292-6. [PMID: 1590364 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.5.c1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Na(+)-K+ cotransport in human erythrocytes from healthy subjects has been studied by means of 23Na-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in the presence of the anionic paramagnetic shift reagent dysprosium (III) tripolyphosphate [Dy(PPP)2(7-)]. The intra- and extracellular 23Na-NMR signals were well separated, giving values of 6 +/- 1 mM for internal sodium concentration. Determination of the furosemide-sensitive Na+ efflux, in the presence of ouabain, was obtained by correlating the chemical shift variation of the external signal with changes in external Na+ concentration. For this purpose, calibration curves were generated. The values of the maximum efflux velocity (Vmax; 0.29-1 mmol.h-1.l cells-1) measured in 10 healthy adult male subjects were found to be within the range of values obtained by other authors. The NMR method proposed for the study of Na(+)-K+ cotransport is relatively simple and allows quick evaluation of cotransport Vmax values for a number of samples, being a good candidate for the study of this transport mechanism in the presence of different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cacciafesta
- Istituto di I Clinica Medica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy
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Luciani AM, Rosi A, Maggiorella MT, Federico M, Sulli N, Verani P, Rossi GB, Viti V, Guidoni L. Interaction of HIV-1 with susceptible lymphoblastoid cells. 1H NMR studies. FEBS Lett 1991; 285:11-6. [PMID: 1712316 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80713-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Different strains of HIV susceptible lymphoblastoid cells have been infected by HIV-1 and examined by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy at different times after infection, taking advantage of the presence of high resolution lipid signals from the plasma membrane of tumor cells. A transient decrease in intensity of fatty acid signals, originated by changes in membrane structure, has been observed early after viral infection. Marked alterations in membrane-dependent steps of phospholipid synthesis can also be inferred by the observed transient depression in peaks from choline-based metabolites. Spectral modifications deriving from changes in lipid metabolism are also produced both in infected cells a few days after infection and in permanently infected cells. 1H NMR can, therefore, monitor structural and metabolic effects induced by HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Luciani
- Laboratorio di Fisica e INFN Sez. Sanita, Roma, Italy
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